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[ { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nsum of the first three ionization potentials of gallium is higher than that of aluminium, whereas the trend in the group would be for it to be lower. The second table below shows the trend in the sum of the first three ionization potentials for the elements B, Al, Sc, Y, La. Sc, Y, La are group 3 elements and have three valence electrons above a noble gas electron core. In contrast to the group 13 elements this sequence shows a smooth reduction. Other effects of the d-block", "id": "18881600" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\ncontraction are that the Ga ion is smaller than expected, being closer in size to Al. Care must be taken in interpreting the ionization potentials for indium and thallium, other effects e.g. the inert pair effect become increasingly important for the heavier members of the group. The cause of the d-block contraction is the poor shielding of the nuclear charge by the electrons in the d orbitals. The outer valence electrons are more strongly attracted by the nucleus causing the observed increase in ionization potentials. The d-block contraction can be", "id": "18881601" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nThe d-block contraction (sometimes called scandide contraction) is a term used in chemistry to describe the effect of having full d orbitals on the period 4 elements. The elements in question are Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, and Kr. Their electronic configurations include completely filled d orbitals (d). d-block contraction is best illustrated by comparing some properties of the group 13 elements to highlight the effect on gallium. Gallium can be seen to be anomalous. The most obvious effect is that the", "id": "18881599" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelement 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. The d-block contraction, which is a similar effect between the d-block and p-block, is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar cause. The first ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove one electron from an atom, the second ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove a second electron from the atom, and so on. For a given atom, successive", "id": "3472853" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\n6th period come after d-block elements, but the electrons present in the intervening d- (and f-) orbitals do not effectively shield the s-electrons of the valence shell. As a result, the \"inert pair\" of ns electrons remains more tightly held by the nucleus and hence participates less in bond formation . Consider as an example thallium (Tl) in group 13. The +1 oxidation state of Tl is the most stable, while Tl compounds are comparatively rare. The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases", "id": "9776231" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements (which have a greater nuclear charge but the same number of valence electrons), and the periodic trends down group 2 from beryllium to radium (similar to that of the alkali metals) are not as smooth when going down from beryllium to mercury (which is more similar to that of the p-block main groups) due to the d-block and lanthanide contractions. It is also the d-block and lanthanide contractions that give mercury many of its distinctive properties. All three metal ions form many tetrahedral species", "id": "15956168" }, { "contents": "Arsenic pentachloride\n\n\nthe elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed", "id": "16441988" }, { "contents": "Electronegativity\n\n\nthat caesium fluoride is the compound whose bonding features the most ionic character. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon, respectively, because of the d-block contraction. Elements of the fourth period immediately after the first row of the transition metals have unusually small atomic radii because the 3d-electrons are not effective at shielding the increased nuclear charge, and smaller atomic size correlates with higher electronegativity (see Allred-Rochow electronegativity, Sanderson electronegativity above). The anomalously", "id": "9632944" }, { "contents": "Aluminium(I)\n\n\nIn chemistry, aluminium(I) refers to monovalent aluminium (+1 oxidation state) in both ionic and covalent bonds. Along with aluminium(II), it is an extremely unstable form of aluminium. While late Group 3 elements such as thallium and indium prefer the +1 oxidation state, aluminium(I) is rare. Unlike late Group XIII elements, aluminium does not experience the inert pair effect, a phenomenon where valence s electrons are poorly shielded from nuclear charge due to the presence of filled d and f orbitals. As such, aluminium (III", "id": "11991348" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelectronegativity, the more an element attracts electrons. It was first proposed by Linus Pauling in 1932. In general, electronegativity increases on passing from left to right along a period, and decreases on descending a group. Hence, fluorine is the most electronegative of the elements, while caesium is the least, at least of those elements for which substantial data is available. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon respectively because of the d-block contraction. Elements of", "id": "3472856" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\na stable ion with an incomplete d subshell. Since the electrons added fill the orbitals, the properties of the \"d\"-block elements are quite different from those of \"s\" and \"p\" block elements in which the filling occurs either in \"s\" or in \"p\"-orbitals of the valence shell. The electronic configuration of the individual elements present in all the d-block series are given below: A careful look at the electronic configuration of the elements reveals that there are certain exceptions, for example Cr and Cu.", "id": "11651400" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nThe term \"inert pair effect\" is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation states that are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15 and 16. The term \"inert pair\" was first proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927. The name suggests that the outermost \"s\" electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus in these atoms, and therefore more difficult to ionize or share. For example, the p-block elements of the 4th, 5th and", "id": "9776230" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshielding by d and f electrons. A uniform decrease in electron affinity only applies to group 1 atoms. The lower the values of ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity, the more metallic character the element has. Conversely, nonmetallic character increases with higher values of these properties. Given the periodic trends of these three properties, metallic character tends to decrease going across a period (or row) and, with some irregularities (mostly) due to poor screening of the nucleus by d and f electrons, and relativistic effects,", "id": "3472860" }, { "contents": "Lead\n\n\na group, as an element's outer electrons become more distant from the nucleus, and more shielded by smaller orbitals. The similarity of ionization energies is caused by the lanthanide contraction—the decrease in element radii from lanthanum (atomic number 57) to lutetium (71), and the relatively small radii of the elements from hafnium (72) onwards. This is due to poor shielding of the nucleus by the lanthanide 4f electrons. The sum of the first four ionization energies of lead exceeds that of tin, contrary to", "id": "17864701" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nthe screening electrons near the core of high- atoms. This relativistic increase in momentum for high speed electrons causes a corresponding decrease in wavelength and contraction of 6s orbitals relative to 5d orbitals (by comparison to corresponding s and d electrons in lighter elements in the same column of the periodic table); this results in 6s valence electrons becoming lowered in energy. Examples of significant physical outcomes of this effect include the lowered melting temperature of mercury (which results from 6s electrons not being available for metal bonding) and the golden color of", "id": "861611" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\n, electrons already present shield the outer electrons from nuclear charge, making them experience a lower effective charge on the nucleus. The shielding effect exerted by the inner electrons decreases in the order \"s\" \"p\" \"d\" \"f\". Usually, as a particular subshell is filled in a period, atomic radius decreases. This effect is particularly pronounced in the case of lanthanides, as the 4\"f\" subshell which is filled across these elements is not very effective at shielding the outer shell (n=5 and n=6)", "id": "13657314" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nblock. In the \"d\"-block the atoms of the elements have between 1 and 10 \"d\" electrons. The elements of groups 4–11 are generally recognized as transition metals, justified by their typical chemistry, i.e. a large range of complex ions in various oxidation states, colored complexes, and catalytic properties either as the element or as ions (or both). Sc and Y in group 3 are also generally recognized as transition metals. However, the elements La–Lu and Ac–Lr and group 12 attract different definitions", "id": "11651392" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nin the following sequence: The same trend in stability is noted in groups 14, 15 and 16. The heaviest members of each group, i.e. lead, bismuth and polonium are comparatively stable in oxidation states +2, +3, and +4 respectively. The lower oxidation state in each of the elements in question has 2 valence electrons in s - orbitals. On the face of it, a simple explanation could be that the valence electrons in an s orbital are more tightly bound and are of lower energy than electrons in p orbitals", "id": "9776232" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. The block names (s, p, d and f) are derived from the spectroscopic notation for the associated atomic orbitals: sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental. There is an approximate correspondence between this nomenclature of blocks, based on electronic configuration, and groupings of elements based on chemical properties. The s-block and p-block together are usually considered main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, and the f-block encompasses nearly all of the lanthanides (like lanthanum", "id": "2070040" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nare mostly covalent in nature. They show variable oxidation states. The reactivity of elements in a group generally decreases downwards. The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties in simple incomplete d orbitals. Transition basically means d orbital lies between s and p orbitals and shows a transition from properties of s to p. The d-block", "id": "2070046" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nand p-block in the 4th and 5th rows. The known f-block elements come in two series, the lanthanides of period 6 and the radioactive actinides of period 7. All are metals. Because the f-orbital electrons are less active in determining the chemistry of these elements, their chemical properties are mostly determined by outer s-orbital electrons. Consequently, there is much less chemical variability within the f-block than within the s-, p-, or d-blocks. The f-block elements are", "id": "2070049" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\nreferred to as, respectively, the 'scandide' or 'd-block contraction', and the 'lanthanide contraction'. Relativistic effects also \"increase the binding energy\", and hence ionisation energy, of the electrons in \"the 6s shell in gold and mercury, and the 6p shell in subsequent elements of period 6.\" The origin of the term \"post-transition metal\" is unclear. An early usage is recorded by Deming, in 1940, in his well-known book \"Fundamental Chemistry.", "id": "19783910" }, { "contents": "Atomic radius\n\n\nthe elements immediately above them. Hence hafnium has virtually the same atomic radius (and chemistry) as zirconium, and tantalum has an atomic radius similar to niobium, and so forth. The effect of the lanthanide contraction is noticeable up to platinum (\"Z\" = 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. Due to lanthanide contraction, the 5 following observations can be drawn: The d-block contraction is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar", "id": "4346523" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block. Their general valence configuration is \"n\"s \"n\"p. This block contains a variety of elements and is the only block that contains all three types of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Generally, the p-block elements are best described in terms of element type or group. The p-block elements are unified by the fact that their valence electrons (outermost electrons) are in the p orbital.", "id": "2070044" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nare on the right side of the d-block, from group 8 to 11 (and 12 if it is counted as transition metals). The general electronic configuration of the \"d\"-block elements is [Inert gas] (\"n\" − 1)\"d\"\"n s\". The period 6 and 7 transition metals also add (\"n\" − 2)\"f\" electrons, which are omitted from the tables below. The Madelung rule predicts that the typical electronic structure of transition metal atoms can be written as [inert gas]\"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d", "id": "11651396" }, { "contents": "Boron group\n\n\nThe boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, comprising boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and perhaps also the chemically uncharacterized nihonium (Nh). The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three electrons in their outer energy levels (valence layers). These elements have also been referred to as the triels. Boron is classified as a typical non-metal while the rest, with the", "id": "14490374" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nan increasing distance between valence electrons and the nucleus. There are exceptions to these trends: for example, in group 11, electronegativity increases farther down the group. A \"period\" is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups generally have more significant periodic trends, there are regions where horizontal trends are more significant than vertical group trends, such as the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy", "id": "3472840" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nA block of the periodic table is a set of chemical elements having their differentiating electrons predominately in the same atomic orbital type. A differentiating electron is the electron that differentiates an element from the previous one. For example, sodium [Na] 3s, when compared to neon [He] 2s2p, has an s- differentiating electron. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet. Each block is named after its characteristic orbital: s-block; p-block; d-block; and f-block", "id": "2070039" }, { "contents": "Resonance (chemistry)\n\n\nfor H and He and effectively for Li as well. The issue of expansion of the valence shell of third period and heavier main group elements is controversial. A Lewis structure in which a central atom has a valence electron count greater than eight traditionally implies the participation of d orbitals in bonding. However, the consensus opinion is that while they may make a marginal contribution, the participation of d orbitals is unimportant, and the bonding of so-called hypervalent molecules are, for the most part, better explained by charge-", "id": "277035" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natom on gaining an electron because it obtains a filled valence shell and is therefore more stable. A trend of decreasing electron affinity going down groups would be expected. The additional electron will be entering an orbital farther away from the nucleus. As such this electron would be less attracted to the nucleus and would release less energy when added. In going down a group, around one-third of elements are anomalous, with heavier elements having higher electron affinities than their next lighter congenors. Largely, this is due to the poor", "id": "3472859" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements in group 12 are usually considered to be d-block elements, but not transition elements as the d-shell is full. Some authors classify these elements as main-group elements because the valence electrons are in ns orbitals. Nevertheless, they share many characteristics with the neighboring group 11 elements on the periodic table, which are almost universally considered to be transition elements. For example, zinc shares many characteristics with the neighboring transition metal, copper. Zinc complexes merit inclusion in the Irving-Williams series as zinc forms", "id": "15956162" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\ncontract, ionisation energies increase, fewer electrons become available for metallic bonding, and \"ions [become] smaller and more polarizing and more prone to covalency.\" This phenomenon is more evident in period 4–6 post-transition metals, due to inefficient screening of their nuclear charges by their d and (in the case of the period 6 metals) f electron configurations; the screening power of electrons decreases in the sequence s p d f. The reductions in atomic size due to the interjection of the d- and f-blocks are", "id": "19783909" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nshielding of electrons from the core charge of the nucleus. For this reason ionization energy is lower for elements lower down in a group, and polarizability of species is higher for elements lower down in a group. The valency does not change going down a group since the bonding behavior is not affected by the core electrons. However, non-bonding interactions such as those just cited are affected by core electrons. Metallic properties increase down groups as decreasing attraction between the nuclei and the outermost electrons causes the outermost electrons to be loosely", "id": "9088962" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nelements are all metals which exhibit two or more ways of forming chemical bonds. Because there is a relatively small difference in the energy of the different d-orbital electrons, the number of electrons participating in chemical bonding can vary. This results in the same element exhibiting two or more oxidation states, which determines the type and number of its nearest neighbors in chemical compounds. The d-block elements are unified by mostly having one or more chemically active d-orbital electrons. The d-orbitals can contain up to five", "id": "2070047" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\nThe lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium. The term was coined by the Norwegian geochemist Victor Goldschmidt in his series \"Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente\". The effect results from poor shielding of nuclear charge (nuclear attractive force on electrons) by 4f electrons; the 6s electrons are drawn towards the nucleus", "id": "13657312" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nd-like orbitals occupied by the six electrons are no longer identical with the d orbitals of the free atom. There are several more exceptions to Madelung's rule among the heavier elements, and as atomic number increases it becomes more and more difficult to find simple explanations such as the stability of half-filled subshells. It is possible to predict most of the exceptions by Hartree–Fock calculations, which are an approximate method for taking account of the effect of the other electrons on orbital energies. For the heavier elements,", "id": "18614792" }, { "contents": "Ytterbium(III) chloride\n\n\nmuch smaller with increasing effective nuclear charge as a consequence of the \"f\" electrons not being as well shielded as \"d\" electrons. This behavior is known as the lanthanide contraction. The small size of Yb produces fast catalytic behavior and an atomic radius (0.99 Å) comparable to many biologically important ions. The gas-phase thermodynamic properties of this chemical are difficult to determine because the chemical can disproportionate to form [YbCl] or dimerize. The YbCl species was detected by electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry as", "id": "21610848" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nlonger distance between the nucleus and the valence electron shell, thereby decreasing the attraction, making the atom have less of an attraction for electrons or protons. However, in the group 13 elements electronegativity increases from aluminium to thallium, and in group 14 electronegativity of lead is lower than that of tin. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron shell of an isolated atom of an element. Sometimes, it is also regarded as the basis of Modern Periodic Table. In a period, the number of valence electrons increases (", "id": "9088960" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\n, in which main-group elements have apparent valences greater than the maximal of 4 allowed by the octet rule. For example, in the sulfur hexafluoride molecule (SF), Pauling considered that the sulfur forms 6 true two-electron bonds using spd hybrid atomic orbitals, which combine one s, three p and two d orbitals. However more recently, quantum-mechanical calculations on this and similar molecules have shown that the role of d orbitals in the bonding is minimal, and that the SF molecule should be described as", "id": "5443592" }, { "contents": "Compounds of fluorine\n\n\nelectron per atom, as are other halogen X molecules. However, the heavier halogens' p electron orbitals partly mix with those of d orbitals, which results in an increased effective bond order; for example, chlorine has a bond order of 1.12. Fluorine's electrons cannot exhibit this d character since there are no such d orbitals close in energy to fluorine's valence orbitals. This also helps explain why bonding in F is weaker than in Cl. Reactions with elemental fluorine are often sudden or explosive. Many substances that", "id": "21755143" }, { "contents": "Acceptor (semiconductors)\n\n\nIn semiconductor physics, an acceptor is a dopant atom that when added to a semiconductor can form a p-type region. For example, when silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, needs to be doped as a p-type semiconductor, elements from group III like boron (B) or aluminium (Al), having three valence electrons, can be used. The latter elements are also called trivalent impurities. Other trivalent dopants include indium (In) and gallium (Ga). When substituting for a", "id": "14124918" }, { "contents": "Carbon group\n\n\n, or (not coincidentally) from the fact that these elements have four valence electrons (see below). Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior: Each of the elements in this group has 4 electrons in its outer orbital (the atom's top energy level). The last orbital of all these elements is the p orbital. In most cases, the elements share their electrons. The tendency to lose electrons increases", "id": "12572907" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nalways feels the same effective nuclear charge (+1), the only factor which affects the first ionisation energy is the distance from the outermost electron to the nucleus. Since this distance increases down the group, the outermost electron feels less attraction from the nucleus and thus the first ionisation energy decreases. (This trend is broken in francium due to the relativistic stabilisation and contraction of the 7s orbital, bringing francium's valence electron closer to the nucleus than would be expected from non-relativistic calculations. This makes francium's outermost electron", "id": "71727" }, { "contents": "Indium\n\n\nis attributed to the inert pair effect, in which relativistic effects stabilize the 5s-orbital, observed in heavier elements. Thallium (indium's heavier homolog) shows an even stronger effect, causing oxidation to thallium(I) to be more probable than to thallium(III), whereas gallium (indium's lighter homolog) commonly shows only the +3 oxidation state. Thus, although thallium(III) is a moderately strong oxidizing agent, indium(III) is not, and many indium(I) compounds are powerful reducing agents. While the energy required to include the", "id": "14895372" }, { "contents": "Shielding effect\n\n\nIn general we can order the electron shells (s,p,d,f) as such where \"S\" is the screening strength that a given orbital provides to the rest of the electrons. In hydrogen, or any other atom in group 1A of the periodic table (those with only one valence electron), the force on the electron is just as large as the electromagnetic attraction from the nucleus of the atom. However, when more electrons are involved, each electron (in the \"n\"-shell) experiences not", "id": "14750612" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nzinc, cadmium and mercury are sometimes regarded as linking the \"d\" block to the \"p\" block. Notionally they are \"d\" block elements but they have few transition metal properties and are more like their \"p\" block neighbors in group 13. The relatively inert noble gases, in group 18, bridge the most reactive groups of elements in the periodic table—the halogens in group 17 and the alkali metals in group 1. In 1789, Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33 chemical elements, grouping", "id": "3472864" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\n, the concept of the valence electron is less useful for a transition metal than for a main group element; the d electron count is an alternative tool for understanding the chemistry of a transition metal. The number of electrons in an atom's outermost valence shell governs its bonding behavior. Therefore, elements whose atoms can have the same number of valence electrons are grouped together in the periodic table of the elements. As a general rule, a main group element (except hydrogen or helium) tends to react to form a closed", "id": "11942312" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide\n\n\nlanthanum or lutetium is considered a d-block element, but is included due to its chemical similarities with the other 14. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum to lutetium. They are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum. Both lanthanum and lutetium have been labeled as group 3 elements, because they have a single valence electron in the 5d shell. However, both elements are often included in discussions", "id": "18665634" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\nhave only been performed on single atoms. A direct relativistic effect is that as the atomic numbers of elements increase, the innermost electrons begin to revolve faster around the nucleus as a result of an increase of electromagnetic attraction between an electron and a nucleus. Similar effects have been found for the outermost s orbitals (and p ones, though in dubnium they are not occupied): for example, the 7s orbital contracts by 25% in size and is stabilized by 2.6 eV. A more indirect effect is that the contracted s and", "id": "8430315" }, { "contents": "Gallium trichloride\n\n\ntwo bridging chlorides. Its structure resembles that of aluminium tribromide. In contrast AlCl and InCl feature contain 6 coordinate metal centers. As a consequence of its molecular nature and associated low lattice energy, gallium trichloride has a lower melting point vs the aluminium and indium trihalides. The formula of GaCl is often written as Ga(μ-Cl)Cl. In the gas phase the dimers dissociate to trigonal planar monomers. Gallium is the lightest member of Group 13 to have a full \"d\" shell, (gallium has the electronic configuration Ar 3\"d\"10", "id": "8779707" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nmetallic radii of cadmium and mercury is an effect of the lanthanide contraction. So, the trend in this group is unlike the trend in group 2, the alkaline earths, where metallic radius increases smoothly from top to bottom of the group. All three metals have relatively low melting and boiling points, indicating that the metallic bond is relatively weak, with relatively little overlap between the valence band and the conduction band. Thus, zinc is close to the boundary between metallic and metalloid elements, which is usually placed between gallium and", "id": "15956159" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nthe atomic nucleus, as in the shell model of nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. For example, all the elements of group 2 have an electron configuration of [E] \"n\"s (where [E] is an inert gas configuration), and have notable similarities in their chemical properties. In general, the periodicity of the periodic table in terms of periodic table blocks is clearly due to the number of electrons (", "id": "18614780" }, { "contents": "Noble gas compound\n\n\n. The heavier noble gases have more electron shells than the lighter ones. Hence, the outermost electrons are subject to a shielding effect from the inner electrons that makes them more easily ionized, since they are less strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This results in an ionization energy low enough to form stable compounds with the most electronegative elements, fluorine and oxygen, and even with less electronegative elements such as nitrogen and carbon under certain circumstances. When the family of noble gases was first identified at the end of the nineteenth", "id": "3900654" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nnon-equilibrium conditions and is at odds to mercury's more typical chemistry, and Jensen has suggested that it would be better to regard mercury as not being a transition metal. Although group 12 lies in the d-block of the modern 18-column periodic table, the d electrons of zinc, cadmium, and (almost always) mercury behave as core electrons and do not take part in bonding. This behavior is similar to that of the main-group elements, but is in stark contrast to that of the neighboring group", "id": "15956165" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nin which the \"d\"-orbitals are not involved. This is because in a transition series, the valence shell electronic configuration of the elements do not change. However, there are some group similarities as well. There are a number of properties shared by the transition elements that are not found in other elements, which results from the partially filled \"d\" shell. These include Most transition metals can be bound to a variety of ligands, allowing for a wide variety of transition metal complexes. Colour in transition-series metal compounds", "id": "11651402" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nand therefore less likely to be involved in bonding. Unfortunately this explanation does not stand up. If the total ionization potentials (IP) (see below) of the 2 electrons in s orbitals (the 2nd + 3rd ionization potentials), are examined it can be seen that they increase in the sequence: An important consideration is that compounds in the lower oxidation state are ionic, whereas the compounds in the higher oxidation state tend to be covalent. Therefore, covalency effects must also be taken into account. In fact an", "id": "9776233" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nrelativistic effects may cause some of its properties to differ from those expected from a straight application of periodic trends. For example, unbiunium is expected to have a sp valence electron configuration instead of the sd of its lighter congeners in group 3, but this is not expected to significantly affect its chemistry, which is predicted to be that of a normal group 3 element; it would on the other hand significantly lower its first ionisation energy beyond what would be expected from periodic trends. Transactinide elements, such as unbiunium, are produced", "id": "8897625" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nto the lighter elements in groups 11 and 12 (particularly gold and mercury). As with mercury but not copernicium, ionization of element 166 to Uhh is expected to result in a 7d configuration corresponding to the loss of the s-electrons but not the d-electrons, making it more analogous to the lighter \"less relativistic\" group 12 elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury, which have essentially no transition-metal character. The next six elements on the periodic table should be the last main-group elements in", "id": "19154644" }, { "contents": "Unpaired electron\n\n\nunpaired electrons are stabilised by delocalisation. In contrast, radicals in d- and f-block chemistry are very common. The less directional, more diffuse d and f orbitals, in which unpaired electrons reside, overlap less effectively, form weaker bonds and thus dimerisation is generally disfavoured. These d and f orbitals also have comparatively smaller radial extension, disfavouring overlap to form dimers. Relatively more stable entities with unpaired electrons do exist, e.g. the nitric oxide molecule has one. According to Hund's rule, the spins of unpaired electrons", "id": "15135442" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natoms). A \"group\" or \"family\" is a vertical column in the periodic table. Groups usually have more significant periodic trends than periods and blocks, explained below. Modern quantum mechanical theories of atomic structure explain group trends by proposing that elements within the same group generally have the same electron configurations in their valence shell. Consequently, elements in the same group tend to have a shared chemistry and exhibit a clear trend in properties with increasing atomic number. In some parts of the periodic table, such as the", "id": "3472835" }, { "contents": "Electron shell\n\n\ngives the elements arranged by increasing atomic number and shows the number of electrons per shell. At a glance, one can see that subsets of the list show obvious patterns. In particular, the seven elements (in ) before a noble gas (group 18, in ) higher than helium have the number of electrons in the valence shell in arithmetic progression. (However, this pattern may break down in the seventh period due to relativistic effects.) Sorting the table by chemical group shows additional patterns, especially with respect to", "id": "19678744" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nof radial nodes in the 4f orbitals contribute to their core-like behavior in the lanthanide series, unlike the more valence-like 5f orbitals in the actinides; however, the relativistic expansion and destabilization of the 5g orbitals should partially compensate for their lack of radial nodes and hence smaller extent. While the lighter group 3 elements fill d-orbitals (Sc, [Ar]3d4s; Y, [Kr]4d5s; La, [Xe]5d6s; Ac, [Rn]6d7s), unbiunium is expected to fill the 8p orbital instead due to", "id": "8897650" }, { "contents": "Ionic bonding\n\n\nelement (usually nonmetal) with greater electron affinity accepts the electron(s) to attain a stable electron configuration, and after accepting electron(s) an atom becomes an anion. Typically, the stable electron configuration is one of the noble gases for elements in the s-block and the p-block, and particular stable electron configurations for d-block and f-block elements. The electrostatic attraction between the anions and cations leads to the formation of a solid with a crystallographic lattice in which the ions are stacked in an alternating fashion", "id": "15052078" }, { "contents": "Ion\n\n\nis exhausted of electrons. For this reason, ions tend to form in ways that leave them with full orbital blocks. For example, sodium has one \"valence electron\" in its outermost shell, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one lost electron, as . On the other side of the periodic table, chlorine has seven valence electrons, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one gained electron, as . Caesium has the lowest measured ionization energy of all the elements and helium has the greatest.", "id": "236384" }, { "contents": "Group (periodic table)\n\n\nIn chemistry, a group (also known as a family) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table, and the f-block columns (between groups 3 and 4) are not numbered. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms (i.e., the same core charge), as most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron. There are three systems", "id": "5268529" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\n20) of group-2 with the configuration [Ar]4\"s\", or scandium (Sc), the first element of group 3 with atomic number \"Z\" = 21 and configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\", depending on the definition used. As we move from left to right, electrons are added to the same \"d\"-sub-shell till it is complete. The element of group 11 in the first transition series is copper (Cu) with an atypical configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\". Despite the filled d subshell in metallic copper it nevertheless forms", "id": "11651399" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\np orbitals shield the charge of the nucleus more effectively, leaving less for the outer d and f electrons, which therefore move in larger orbitals. Dubnium is greatly affected by this: unlike the previous group 5 members, its 7s electrons are slightly more difficult to extract than its 6d electrons. Another effect is the spin–orbit interaction, particularly spin–orbit splitting, which splits the 6d subshell—the azimuthal quantum number ℓ of a d shell is 2—into two subshells, with four of the ten orbitals having their ℓ", "id": "8430316" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nand/or vertical trends. Elements in the same group tend to show patterns in atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. From top to bottom in a group, the atomic radii of the elements increase. Since there are more filled energy levels, valence electrons are found farther from the nucleus. From the top, each successive element has a lower ionization energy because it is easier to remove an electron since the atoms are less tightly bound. Similarly, a group has a top-to-bottom decrease in electronegativity due to", "id": "3472839" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nelectron configuration shows clear analogies with palladium with its 4d5s electron configuration. The noble metals of this series of transition metals are not expected to be as noble as their lighter homologues, due to the absence of an outer \"s\" shell for shielding and also because the 7d shell is strongly split into two subshells due to relativistic effects. This causes the first ionization energies of the 7d transition metals to be smaller than those of their lighter congeners. Calculations predict that the 7d electrons of element 164 (unhexquadium) should participate very", "id": "19154637" }, { "contents": "Bent's rule\n\n\n. Bent's rule can be generalized to d-block elements as well. The hybridisation of a metal center is arranged so that orbitals with more s character are directed towards ligands that form bonds with more covalent character. Equivalently, orbitals with more d character are directed towards groups that form bonds of greater ionic character. The validity of Bent's rule for 75 bond types between the main group elements was examined recently. For bonds with the larger atoms from the lower periods, trends in orbital hybridization depend strongly on both electronegativity", "id": "1746559" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\nto competing horizontal and vertical trends in the nuclear charge. Going along a period, the nuclear charge increases with atomic number as do the number of electrons. The additional pull on outer electrons as nuclear charge increases generally outweighs the screening effect of having more electrons. With some irregularities, atoms therefore become smaller, ionization energy increases, and there is a gradual change in character, across a period, from strongly metallic, to weakly metallic, to weakly nonmetallic, to strongly nonmetallic elements. Going down a main group, the", "id": "5142301" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\nhaving 6 polar covalent (partly ionic) bonds made from only four orbitals on sulfur (one s and three p) in accordance with the octet rule, together with six orbitals on the fluorines. Similar calculations on transition-metal molecules show that the role of p orbitals is minor, so that one s and five d orbitals on the metal are sufficient to describe the bonding. For elements in the main groups of the periodic table, the valence can vary between 1 and 7. Many elements have a common valence related", "id": "5443593" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\n, Ge, Sb, Po) lie just below the line. The diagonal positioning of the metalloids represents an exception to the observation that elements with similar properties tend to occur in vertical groups. A related effect can be seen in other diagonal similarities between some elements and their lower right neighbours, specifically lithium-magnesium, beryllium-aluminium, and boron-silicon. Rayner-Canham has argued that these similarities extend to carbon-phosphorus, nitrogen-sulfur, and into three d-block series. This exception arises due", "id": "5142300" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nhave an electron affinity higher than all the alkali metals lighter than it. Relativistic effects also cause a very large drop in the polarisability of ununennium. On the other hand, ununennium is predicted to continue the trend of melting points decreasing going down the group, being expected to have a melting point between 0 °C and 30 °C. The stabilisation of ununennium's valence electron and thus the contraction of the 8s orbital cause its atomic radius to be lowered to 240 pm, very close to that of rubidium (247 pm", "id": "71789" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nbehaves like a noble gas, and thus is taken to be part of the group 18 elements. However, in terms of its nuclear structure it belongs to the s block, and is therefore sometimes classified as a group 2 element, or simultaneously both 2 and 18. Hydrogen readily loses and gains an electron, and so behaves chemically as both a group 1 and a group 17 element. Period 2 elements involve the 2s and 2p orbitals. They include the biologically most essential elements besides hydrogen: carbon, nitrogen, and", "id": "5268637" }, { "contents": "Group 9 element\n\n\nGroup 9 is a group (column) of chemical elements in the periodic table. Members are cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and meitnerium (Mt). These are all transition metals in the d-block. Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior; however, rhodium deviates from the pattern. \"Group 9\" is the modern standard designation for this group, adopted by", "id": "15956141" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nvisualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter. In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up (in approximation) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The repeating \"periodicity\" of the blocks of 2, 6, 10, and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s, p, d and f atomic orbitals, respectively, although for", "id": "861537" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nelectron in that \"s\"-sub shell in its ground state. The \"s\"-sub-shell in the valence shell is represented as the \"ns\" sub-shell, e.g. 4s. In the periodic table, the transition metals are present in eight groups (4 to 11), with some authors including some elements in groups 3 or 12. The elements in group 3 have an \"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d\" configuration. The first transition series is present in the 4th period, and starts after Ca (\"Z\" =", "id": "11651398" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nenergy. This will cause the electron shells to mix so that the block concept no longer applies very well, and will also result in novel chemical properties that will make positioning these elements in a periodic table very difficult. For example, element 164 is expected to mix characteristics of the elements of group 10, 12, 14, and 18. The first two elements of period 8 will be ununennium and unbinilium, elements 119 and 120. Their electron configurations should have the 8s orbital being filled. This orbital is relativistically stabilized", "id": "19154617" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\npairs of electrons; hence, the block includes ten columns in the periodic table. The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but is footnoted in 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals because they provide a transition between the s-block and d-block in the 6th and 7th row (period), in the same way that the d-block transition metals provide a transitional bridge between the s-block", "id": "2070048" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nnumber of electrons in a particular subshell fall into the same columns (e.g. oxygen and selenium are in the same column because they both have four electrons in the outermost p-subshell). Elements with similar chemical properties generally fall into the same group in the periodic table, although in the f-block, and to some respect in the d-block, the elements in the same period tend to have similar properties, as well. Thus, it is relatively easy to predict the chemical properties of an element if one", "id": "3472832" }, { "contents": "Roentgenium\n\n\ngroup 11 elements, copper, silver, and gold, all have an outer electron configuration nd(n+1)s. For each of these elements, the first excited state of their atoms has a configuration nd(n+1)s. Due to spin-orbit coupling between the d electrons, this state is split into a pair of energy levels. For copper, the difference in energy between the ground state and lowest excited state causes the metal to appear reddish. For silver, the energy gap widens and it becomes silvery. However, as the atomic number increases", "id": "14700092" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nat a noble-gas electronic configuration. As of 2016, a total of 118 elements have been discovered and confirmed. Modern quantum mechanics explains these periodic trends in properties in terms of electron shells. As atomic number increases, shells fill with electrons in approximately the order shown at right. The filling of each shell corresponds to a row in the table. In the s-block and p-block of the periodic table, elements within the same period generally do not exhibit trends and similarities in properties (vertical trends down", "id": "5268635" }, { "contents": "Nonmetal\n\n\nnoble gas at that. Radon trioxide (RnO) is expected to be acidic. Oganesson, the heaviest element on the periodic table, has only recently been synthesized. Owing to its short half-life, its chemical properties have not yet been investigated. Due to the significant relativistic destabilisation of the 7p orbitals, it is expected to be significantly reactive and behave more similarly to the group 14 elements, as it effectively has four valence electrons outside a pseudo-noble gas core. Its boiling point is expected to be about", "id": "13626148" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nalso dependent upon additional details of the atoms (see ). The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom increases with the atomic number. The electrons in the outermost shell, or \"valence electrons\", tend to be responsible for an element's chemical behavior. Elements that contain the same number of valence electrons can be grouped together and display similar chemical properties. For elements with high atomic number , the effects of relativity become more pronounced, and especially so for s electrons, which move at relativistic velocities as they penetrate", "id": "861610" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\n, such as its valence electron configuration and having a dominant +5 oxidation state, with the other group 5 elements, with a few anomalies due to relativistic effects. A limited investigation of dubnium chemistry has confirmed this. Solution chemistry experiments have revealed that dubnium often behaves more like niobium rather than tantalum, breaking periodic trends. Uranium, element 92, is the heaviest element to occur in significant quantity in nature; heavier elements can only be produced practically by synthesis. The first synthesis of a new element—neptunium, element 93—was", "id": "8430291" }, { "contents": "D electron count\n\n\nserious conflicts with experimental observations for transition metal centers under most ambient conditions. Under most conditions all of the valence electrons of a transition metal center are located in d orbitals while the standard model of electron configuration would predict some of them to be in the pertinent s orbital. The valence of a transition metal center can be described by standard quantum numbers. The Aufbau principle and Madelung's rule would predict for period \"n\" that the \"n\"s orbitals fill prior to the (\"n\" − 1)d orbitals. For example", "id": "6521603" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. By this definition all of the elements in groups 3–11 are transition metals. The IUPAC definition therefore excludes group 12, comprising zinc, cadmium and mercury, from the transition metals category. Some chemists treat the categories \"d-block elements\" and \"transition metals\" interchangeably, thereby including groups 3–12 among the transition metals. In this instance the group 12 elements are treated as a special case of transition metal in which the d electrons", "id": "3472905" }, { "contents": "Group 3 element\n\n\nGroup 3 is a group of elements in the periodic table. This group, like other d-block groups, should contain four elements, but it is not agreed what elements belong in the group. Scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) are always included, but the other two spaces are usually occupied by lanthanum (La) and actinium (Ac), or by lutetium (Lu) and lawrencium (Lr); less frequently, it is considered the group should be expanded to 32 elements (with all", "id": "10452969" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\n+1 and +2 oxidation states respectively. The 9s electrons should have ionization energies comparable to those of the 3s electrons of sodium and magnesium, due to relativistic effects causing the 9s electrons to be much more strongly bound than non-relativistic calculations would predict. Elements 165 and 166 should normally exhibit the +1 and +2 oxidation states respectively, although the ionization energies of the 7d electrons are low enough to allow higher oxidation states like +3 for element 165. The oxidation state +4 for element 166 is less likely, creating a situation similar", "id": "19154643" }, { "contents": "Oganesson\n\n\nelements. The members of this group are usually inert to most common chemical reactions (for example, combustion) because the outer valence shell is completely filled with eight electrons. This produces a stable, minimum energy configuration in which the outer electrons are tightly bound. It is thought that similarly, oganesson has a closed outer valence shell in which its valence electrons are arranged in a 7s7p configuration. Consequently, some expect oganesson to have similar physical and chemical properties to other members of its group, most closely resembling the noble gas", "id": "15996964" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\nNa or K). An alkaline earth metal of Group 2 (e.g., magnesium) is somewhat less reactive, because each atom must lose two valence electrons to form a positive ion with a closed shell (e.g., Mg). Within each group (each periodic table column) of metals, reactivity increases with each lower row of the table (from a light element to a heavier element), because a heavier element has more electron shells than a lighter element; a heavier element's valence electrons exist at higher principal", "id": "11942314" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\ngermanium, though gallium participates in semi-conductors such as gallium arsenide. Zinc and cadmium are electropositive while mercury is not. As a result, zinc and cadmium metal are good reducing agents. The elements of group 12 have an oxidation state of +2 in which the ions have the rather stable d electronic configuration, with a full sub-shell. However, mercury can easily be reduced to the +1 oxidation state; usually, as in the ion , two mercury(I) ions come together to form a metal-metal bond", "id": "15956160" }, { "contents": "Metallic bonding\n\n\nvalence electrons. The radii also increase down the group due to increase in principal quantum number. Between rows 3 and 4, the lanthanide contraction is observed – there is very little increase of the radius down the group due to the presence of poorly shielding f orbitals. The atoms in metals have a strong attractive force between them. Much energy is required to overcome it. Therefore, metals often have high boiling points, with tungsten (5828 K) being extremely high. A remarkable exception is the elements of the zinc group", "id": "20423263" }, { "contents": "Noble gas\n\n\nnoble gases are farther away from the nucleus and are therefore not held as tightly together by the atom. Noble gases have the largest ionization potential among the elements of each period, which reflects the stability of their electron configuration and is related to their relative lack of chemical reactivity. Some of the heavier noble gases, however, have ionization potentials small enough to be comparable to those of other elements and molecules. It was the insight that xenon has an ionization potential similar to that of the oxygen molecule that led Bartlett to attempt", "id": "1233453" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nThe p orbital consists of six lobed shapes coming from a central point at evenly spaced angles. The p orbital can hold a maximum of six electrons, hence there are six columns in the p-block. Elements in column 13, the first column of the p-block, have one p-orbital electron. Elements in column 14, the second column of the p-block, have two p-orbital electrons. The trend continues this way until column 18, which has six p-orbital electrons. They", "id": "2070045" }, { "contents": "Actinide chemistry\n\n\nActinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides. The actinides derive their name from the group 3 element actinium. The informal chemical symbol An is used in general discussions of actinide chemistry to refer to any actinide. All but one of the actinides are f-block elements, corresponding to the filling of the 5f electron shell; lawrencium, a d-block element, is also generally considered an actinide. In comparison with the lanthanides", "id": "8110499" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n) and the actinides (like actinium). Not everyone agrees on the exact membership of each set of elements. For example, some scientists regard the group 12 elements Zn, Cd and Hg as main group, rather than transition group, because they are chemically and physically more similar to the p-block elements than the other d-block elements. The group 3 elements are sometimes considered main group elements due to their similarities to the s-block elements. Groups (columns) in the f-block (between", "id": "2070041" }, { "contents": "Gallium(III) bromide\n\n\n, but when it forms the dimer GaBr the geometry around the Gallium center distorts to become roughly tetrahedral. As a solid, GaBr forms a monoclinic crystalline structure with a unit cell volume of 524.16Å. Additional specifications for this unit cell are as follows: A=8.87Å, B=5.64Å, C=11.01Å, α=90˚, β=107.81˚, γ=90˚ Gallium is the lightest Group 13 metal with a filled d-shell, and has an electronic configuration of (Ar 3d10 4s2 4p1) below the valence electrons that could take part in d-π bonding with ligands.", "id": "7203142" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\ngroups 3 and 4) are not numbered. Helium is from the s-block, with its outer (and only) electrons in the 1s atomic orbital, although its chemical properties are more similar to the p-block noble gases due to its full shell. The s-block is on the left side of the conventional periodic table and is composed of elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus the nonmetals hydrogen and helium. Their", "id": "2070042" } ]

[ { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nsum of the first three ionization potentials of gallium is higher than that of aluminium, whereas the trend in the group would be for it to be lower. The second table below shows the trend in the sum of the first three ionization potentials for the elements B, Al, Sc, Y, La. Sc, Y, La are group 3 elements and have three valence electrons above a noble gas electron core. In contrast to the group 13 elements this sequence shows a smooth reduction. Other effects of the d-block", "id": "18881600" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\ncontraction are that the Ga ion is smaller than expected, being closer in size to Al. Care must be taken in interpreting the ionization potentials for indium and thallium, other effects e.g. the inert pair effect become increasingly important for the heavier members of the group. The cause of the d-block contraction is the poor shielding of the nuclear charge by the electrons in the d orbitals. The outer valence electrons are more strongly attracted by the nucleus causing the observed increase in ionization potentials. The d-block contraction can be", "id": "18881601" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nThe d-block contraction (sometimes called scandide contraction) is a term used in chemistry to describe the effect of having full d orbitals on the period 4 elements. The elements in question are Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, and Kr. Their electronic configurations include completely filled d orbitals (d). d-block contraction is best illustrated by comparing some properties of the group 13 elements to highlight the effect on gallium. Gallium can be seen to be anomalous. The most obvious effect is that the", "id": "18881599" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelement 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. The d-block contraction, which is a similar effect between the d-block and p-block, is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar cause. The first ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove one electron from an atom, the second ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove a second electron from the atom, and so on. For a given atom, successive", "id": "3472853" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\n6th period come after d-block elements, but the electrons present in the intervening d- (and f-) orbitals do not effectively shield the s-electrons of the valence shell. As a result, the \"inert pair\" of ns electrons remains more tightly held by the nucleus and hence participates less in bond formation . Consider as an example thallium (Tl) in group 13. The +1 oxidation state of Tl is the most stable, while Tl compounds are comparatively rare. The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases", "id": "9776231" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements (which have a greater nuclear charge but the same number of valence electrons), and the periodic trends down group 2 from beryllium to radium (similar to that of the alkali metals) are not as smooth when going down from beryllium to mercury (which is more similar to that of the p-block main groups) due to the d-block and lanthanide contractions. It is also the d-block and lanthanide contractions that give mercury many of its distinctive properties. All three metal ions form many tetrahedral species", "id": "15956168" }, { "contents": "Arsenic pentachloride\n\n\nthe elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed", "id": "16441988" }, { "contents": "Electronegativity\n\n\nthat caesium fluoride is the compound whose bonding features the most ionic character. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon, respectively, because of the d-block contraction. Elements of the fourth period immediately after the first row of the transition metals have unusually small atomic radii because the 3d-electrons are not effective at shielding the increased nuclear charge, and smaller atomic size correlates with higher electronegativity (see Allred-Rochow electronegativity, Sanderson electronegativity above). The anomalously", "id": "9632944" }, { "contents": "Aluminium(I)\n\n\nIn chemistry, aluminium(I) refers to monovalent aluminium (+1 oxidation state) in both ionic and covalent bonds. Along with aluminium(II), it is an extremely unstable form of aluminium. While late Group 3 elements such as thallium and indium prefer the +1 oxidation state, aluminium(I) is rare. Unlike late Group XIII elements, aluminium does not experience the inert pair effect, a phenomenon where valence s electrons are poorly shielded from nuclear charge due to the presence of filled d and f orbitals. As such, aluminium (III", "id": "11991348" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelectronegativity, the more an element attracts electrons. It was first proposed by Linus Pauling in 1932. In general, electronegativity increases on passing from left to right along a period, and decreases on descending a group. Hence, fluorine is the most electronegative of the elements, while caesium is the least, at least of those elements for which substantial data is available. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon respectively because of the d-block contraction. Elements of", "id": "3472856" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\na stable ion with an incomplete d subshell. Since the electrons added fill the orbitals, the properties of the \"d\"-block elements are quite different from those of \"s\" and \"p\" block elements in which the filling occurs either in \"s\" or in \"p\"-orbitals of the valence shell. The electronic configuration of the individual elements present in all the d-block series are given below: A careful look at the electronic configuration of the elements reveals that there are certain exceptions, for example Cr and Cu.", "id": "11651400" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nThe term \"inert pair effect\" is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation states that are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15 and 16. The term \"inert pair\" was first proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927. The name suggests that the outermost \"s\" electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus in these atoms, and therefore more difficult to ionize or share. For example, the p-block elements of the 4th, 5th and", "id": "9776230" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshielding by d and f electrons. A uniform decrease in electron affinity only applies to group 1 atoms. The lower the values of ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity, the more metallic character the element has. Conversely, nonmetallic character increases with higher values of these properties. Given the periodic trends of these three properties, metallic character tends to decrease going across a period (or row) and, with some irregularities (mostly) due to poor screening of the nucleus by d and f electrons, and relativistic effects,", "id": "3472860" }, { "contents": "Lead\n\n\na group, as an element's outer electrons become more distant from the nucleus, and more shielded by smaller orbitals. The similarity of ionization energies is caused by the lanthanide contraction—the decrease in element radii from lanthanum (atomic number 57) to lutetium (71), and the relatively small radii of the elements from hafnium (72) onwards. This is due to poor shielding of the nucleus by the lanthanide 4f electrons. The sum of the first four ionization energies of lead exceeds that of tin, contrary to", "id": "17864701" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nthe screening electrons near the core of high- atoms. This relativistic increase in momentum for high speed electrons causes a corresponding decrease in wavelength and contraction of 6s orbitals relative to 5d orbitals (by comparison to corresponding s and d electrons in lighter elements in the same column of the periodic table); this results in 6s valence electrons becoming lowered in energy. Examples of significant physical outcomes of this effect include the lowered melting temperature of mercury (which results from 6s electrons not being available for metal bonding) and the golden color of", "id": "861611" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\n, electrons already present shield the outer electrons from nuclear charge, making them experience a lower effective charge on the nucleus. The shielding effect exerted by the inner electrons decreases in the order \"s\" \"p\" \"d\" \"f\". Usually, as a particular subshell is filled in a period, atomic radius decreases. This effect is particularly pronounced in the case of lanthanides, as the 4\"f\" subshell which is filled across these elements is not very effective at shielding the outer shell (n=5 and n=6)", "id": "13657314" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nblock. In the \"d\"-block the atoms of the elements have between 1 and 10 \"d\" electrons. The elements of groups 4–11 are generally recognized as transition metals, justified by their typical chemistry, i.e. a large range of complex ions in various oxidation states, colored complexes, and catalytic properties either as the element or as ions (or both). Sc and Y in group 3 are also generally recognized as transition metals. However, the elements La–Lu and Ac–Lr and group 12 attract different definitions", "id": "11651392" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nin the following sequence: The same trend in stability is noted in groups 14, 15 and 16. The heaviest members of each group, i.e. lead, bismuth and polonium are comparatively stable in oxidation states +2, +3, and +4 respectively. The lower oxidation state in each of the elements in question has 2 valence electrons in s - orbitals. On the face of it, a simple explanation could be that the valence electrons in an s orbital are more tightly bound and are of lower energy than electrons in p orbitals", "id": "9776232" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. The block names (s, p, d and f) are derived from the spectroscopic notation for the associated atomic orbitals: sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental. There is an approximate correspondence between this nomenclature of blocks, based on electronic configuration, and groupings of elements based on chemical properties. The s-block and p-block together are usually considered main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, and the f-block encompasses nearly all of the lanthanides (like lanthanum", "id": "2070040" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nare mostly covalent in nature. They show variable oxidation states. The reactivity of elements in a group generally decreases downwards. The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties in simple incomplete d orbitals. Transition basically means d orbital lies between s and p orbitals and shows a transition from properties of s to p. The d-block", "id": "2070046" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nand p-block in the 4th and 5th rows. The known f-block elements come in two series, the lanthanides of period 6 and the radioactive actinides of period 7. All are metals. Because the f-orbital electrons are less active in determining the chemistry of these elements, their chemical properties are mostly determined by outer s-orbital electrons. Consequently, there is much less chemical variability within the f-block than within the s-, p-, or d-blocks. The f-block elements are", "id": "2070049" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\nreferred to as, respectively, the 'scandide' or 'd-block contraction', and the 'lanthanide contraction'. Relativistic effects also \"increase the binding energy\", and hence ionisation energy, of the electrons in \"the 6s shell in gold and mercury, and the 6p shell in subsequent elements of period 6.\" The origin of the term \"post-transition metal\" is unclear. An early usage is recorded by Deming, in 1940, in his well-known book \"Fundamental Chemistry.", "id": "19783910" }, { "contents": "Atomic radius\n\n\nthe elements immediately above them. Hence hafnium has virtually the same atomic radius (and chemistry) as zirconium, and tantalum has an atomic radius similar to niobium, and so forth. The effect of the lanthanide contraction is noticeable up to platinum (\"Z\" = 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. Due to lanthanide contraction, the 5 following observations can be drawn: The d-block contraction is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar", "id": "4346523" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block. Their general valence configuration is \"n\"s \"n\"p. This block contains a variety of elements and is the only block that contains all three types of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Generally, the p-block elements are best described in terms of element type or group. The p-block elements are unified by the fact that their valence electrons (outermost electrons) are in the p orbital.", "id": "2070044" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nare on the right side of the d-block, from group 8 to 11 (and 12 if it is counted as transition metals). The general electronic configuration of the \"d\"-block elements is [Inert gas] (\"n\" − 1)\"d\"\"n s\". The period 6 and 7 transition metals also add (\"n\" − 2)\"f\" electrons, which are omitted from the tables below. The Madelung rule predicts that the typical electronic structure of transition metal atoms can be written as [inert gas]\"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d", "id": "11651396" }, { "contents": "Boron group\n\n\nThe boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, comprising boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and perhaps also the chemically uncharacterized nihonium (Nh). The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three electrons in their outer energy levels (valence layers). These elements have also been referred to as the triels. Boron is classified as a typical non-metal while the rest, with the", "id": "14490374" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nan increasing distance between valence electrons and the nucleus. There are exceptions to these trends: for example, in group 11, electronegativity increases farther down the group. A \"period\" is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups generally have more significant periodic trends, there are regions where horizontal trends are more significant than vertical group trends, such as the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy", "id": "3472840" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nA block of the periodic table is a set of chemical elements having their differentiating electrons predominately in the same atomic orbital type. A differentiating electron is the electron that differentiates an element from the previous one. For example, sodium [Na] 3s, when compared to neon [He] 2s2p, has an s- differentiating electron. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet. Each block is named after its characteristic orbital: s-block; p-block; d-block; and f-block", "id": "2070039" }, { "contents": "Resonance (chemistry)\n\n\nfor H and He and effectively for Li as well. The issue of expansion of the valence shell of third period and heavier main group elements is controversial. A Lewis structure in which a central atom has a valence electron count greater than eight traditionally implies the participation of d orbitals in bonding. However, the consensus opinion is that while they may make a marginal contribution, the participation of d orbitals is unimportant, and the bonding of so-called hypervalent molecules are, for the most part, better explained by charge-", "id": "277035" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natom on gaining an electron because it obtains a filled valence shell and is therefore more stable. A trend of decreasing electron affinity going down groups would be expected. The additional electron will be entering an orbital farther away from the nucleus. As such this electron would be less attracted to the nucleus and would release less energy when added. In going down a group, around one-third of elements are anomalous, with heavier elements having higher electron affinities than their next lighter congenors. Largely, this is due to the poor", "id": "3472859" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements in group 12 are usually considered to be d-block elements, but not transition elements as the d-shell is full. Some authors classify these elements as main-group elements because the valence electrons are in ns orbitals. Nevertheless, they share many characteristics with the neighboring group 11 elements on the periodic table, which are almost universally considered to be transition elements. For example, zinc shares many characteristics with the neighboring transition metal, copper. Zinc complexes merit inclusion in the Irving-Williams series as zinc forms", "id": "15956162" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\ncontract, ionisation energies increase, fewer electrons become available for metallic bonding, and \"ions [become] smaller and more polarizing and more prone to covalency.\" This phenomenon is more evident in period 4–6 post-transition metals, due to inefficient screening of their nuclear charges by their d and (in the case of the period 6 metals) f electron configurations; the screening power of electrons decreases in the sequence s p d f. The reductions in atomic size due to the interjection of the d- and f-blocks are", "id": "19783909" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nshielding of electrons from the core charge of the nucleus. For this reason ionization energy is lower for elements lower down in a group, and polarizability of species is higher for elements lower down in a group. The valency does not change going down a group since the bonding behavior is not affected by the core electrons. However, non-bonding interactions such as those just cited are affected by core electrons. Metallic properties increase down groups as decreasing attraction between the nuclei and the outermost electrons causes the outermost electrons to be loosely", "id": "9088962" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nelements are all metals which exhibit two or more ways of forming chemical bonds. Because there is a relatively small difference in the energy of the different d-orbital electrons, the number of electrons participating in chemical bonding can vary. This results in the same element exhibiting two or more oxidation states, which determines the type and number of its nearest neighbors in chemical compounds. The d-block elements are unified by mostly having one or more chemically active d-orbital electrons. The d-orbitals can contain up to five", "id": "2070047" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\nThe lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium. The term was coined by the Norwegian geochemist Victor Goldschmidt in his series \"Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente\". The effect results from poor shielding of nuclear charge (nuclear attractive force on electrons) by 4f electrons; the 6s electrons are drawn towards the nucleus", "id": "13657312" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nd-like orbitals occupied by the six electrons are no longer identical with the d orbitals of the free atom. There are several more exceptions to Madelung's rule among the heavier elements, and as atomic number increases it becomes more and more difficult to find simple explanations such as the stability of half-filled subshells. It is possible to predict most of the exceptions by Hartree–Fock calculations, which are an approximate method for taking account of the effect of the other electrons on orbital energies. For the heavier elements,", "id": "18614792" }, { "contents": "Ytterbium(III) chloride\n\n\nmuch smaller with increasing effective nuclear charge as a consequence of the \"f\" electrons not being as well shielded as \"d\" electrons. This behavior is known as the lanthanide contraction. The small size of Yb produces fast catalytic behavior and an atomic radius (0.99 Å) comparable to many biologically important ions. The gas-phase thermodynamic properties of this chemical are difficult to determine because the chemical can disproportionate to form [YbCl] or dimerize. The YbCl species was detected by electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry as", "id": "21610848" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nlonger distance between the nucleus and the valence electron shell, thereby decreasing the attraction, making the atom have less of an attraction for electrons or protons. However, in the group 13 elements electronegativity increases from aluminium to thallium, and in group 14 electronegativity of lead is lower than that of tin. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron shell of an isolated atom of an element. Sometimes, it is also regarded as the basis of Modern Periodic Table. In a period, the number of valence electrons increases (", "id": "9088960" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\n, in which main-group elements have apparent valences greater than the maximal of 4 allowed by the octet rule. For example, in the sulfur hexafluoride molecule (SF), Pauling considered that the sulfur forms 6 true two-electron bonds using spd hybrid atomic orbitals, which combine one s, three p and two d orbitals. However more recently, quantum-mechanical calculations on this and similar molecules have shown that the role of d orbitals in the bonding is minimal, and that the SF molecule should be described as", "id": "5443592" }, { "contents": "Compounds of fluorine\n\n\nelectron per atom, as are other halogen X molecules. However, the heavier halogens' p electron orbitals partly mix with those of d orbitals, which results in an increased effective bond order; for example, chlorine has a bond order of 1.12. Fluorine's electrons cannot exhibit this d character since there are no such d orbitals close in energy to fluorine's valence orbitals. This also helps explain why bonding in F is weaker than in Cl. Reactions with elemental fluorine are often sudden or explosive. Many substances that", "id": "21755143" }, { "contents": "Acceptor (semiconductors)\n\n\nIn semiconductor physics, an acceptor is a dopant atom that when added to a semiconductor can form a p-type region. For example, when silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, needs to be doped as a p-type semiconductor, elements from group III like boron (B) or aluminium (Al), having three valence electrons, can be used. The latter elements are also called trivalent impurities. Other trivalent dopants include indium (In) and gallium (Ga). When substituting for a", "id": "14124918" }, { "contents": "Carbon group\n\n\n, or (not coincidentally) from the fact that these elements have four valence electrons (see below). Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior: Each of the elements in this group has 4 electrons in its outer orbital (the atom's top energy level). The last orbital of all these elements is the p orbital. In most cases, the elements share their electrons. The tendency to lose electrons increases", "id": "12572907" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nalways feels the same effective nuclear charge (+1), the only factor which affects the first ionisation energy is the distance from the outermost electron to the nucleus. Since this distance increases down the group, the outermost electron feels less attraction from the nucleus and thus the first ionisation energy decreases. (This trend is broken in francium due to the relativistic stabilisation and contraction of the 7s orbital, bringing francium's valence electron closer to the nucleus than would be expected from non-relativistic calculations. This makes francium's outermost electron", "id": "71727" }, { "contents": "Indium\n\n\nis attributed to the inert pair effect, in which relativistic effects stabilize the 5s-orbital, observed in heavier elements. Thallium (indium's heavier homolog) shows an even stronger effect, causing oxidation to thallium(I) to be more probable than to thallium(III), whereas gallium (indium's lighter homolog) commonly shows only the +3 oxidation state. Thus, although thallium(III) is a moderately strong oxidizing agent, indium(III) is not, and many indium(I) compounds are powerful reducing agents. While the energy required to include the", "id": "14895372" }, { "contents": "Shielding effect\n\n\nIn general we can order the electron shells (s,p,d,f) as such where \"S\" is the screening strength that a given orbital provides to the rest of the electrons. In hydrogen, or any other atom in group 1A of the periodic table (those with only one valence electron), the force on the electron is just as large as the electromagnetic attraction from the nucleus of the atom. However, when more electrons are involved, each electron (in the \"n\"-shell) experiences not", "id": "14750612" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nzinc, cadmium and mercury are sometimes regarded as linking the \"d\" block to the \"p\" block. Notionally they are \"d\" block elements but they have few transition metal properties and are more like their \"p\" block neighbors in group 13. The relatively inert noble gases, in group 18, bridge the most reactive groups of elements in the periodic table—the halogens in group 17 and the alkali metals in group 1. In 1789, Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33 chemical elements, grouping", "id": "3472864" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\n, the concept of the valence electron is less useful for a transition metal than for a main group element; the d electron count is an alternative tool for understanding the chemistry of a transition metal. The number of electrons in an atom's outermost valence shell governs its bonding behavior. Therefore, elements whose atoms can have the same number of valence electrons are grouped together in the periodic table of the elements. As a general rule, a main group element (except hydrogen or helium) tends to react to form a closed", "id": "11942312" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide\n\n\nlanthanum or lutetium is considered a d-block element, but is included due to its chemical similarities with the other 14. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum to lutetium. They are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum. Both lanthanum and lutetium have been labeled as group 3 elements, because they have a single valence electron in the 5d shell. However, both elements are often included in discussions", "id": "18665634" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\nhave only been performed on single atoms. A direct relativistic effect is that as the atomic numbers of elements increase, the innermost electrons begin to revolve faster around the nucleus as a result of an increase of electromagnetic attraction between an electron and a nucleus. Similar effects have been found for the outermost s orbitals (and p ones, though in dubnium they are not occupied): for example, the 7s orbital contracts by 25% in size and is stabilized by 2.6 eV. A more indirect effect is that the contracted s and", "id": "8430315" }, { "contents": "Gallium trichloride\n\n\ntwo bridging chlorides. Its structure resembles that of aluminium tribromide. In contrast AlCl and InCl feature contain 6 coordinate metal centers. As a consequence of its molecular nature and associated low lattice energy, gallium trichloride has a lower melting point vs the aluminium and indium trihalides. The formula of GaCl is often written as Ga(μ-Cl)Cl. In the gas phase the dimers dissociate to trigonal planar monomers. Gallium is the lightest member of Group 13 to have a full \"d\" shell, (gallium has the electronic configuration Ar 3\"d\"10", "id": "8779707" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nmetallic radii of cadmium and mercury is an effect of the lanthanide contraction. So, the trend in this group is unlike the trend in group 2, the alkaline earths, where metallic radius increases smoothly from top to bottom of the group. All three metals have relatively low melting and boiling points, indicating that the metallic bond is relatively weak, with relatively little overlap between the valence band and the conduction band. Thus, zinc is close to the boundary between metallic and metalloid elements, which is usually placed between gallium and", "id": "15956159" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nthe atomic nucleus, as in the shell model of nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. For example, all the elements of group 2 have an electron configuration of [E] \"n\"s (where [E] is an inert gas configuration), and have notable similarities in their chemical properties. In general, the periodicity of the periodic table in terms of periodic table blocks is clearly due to the number of electrons (", "id": "18614780" }, { "contents": "Noble gas compound\n\n\n. The heavier noble gases have more electron shells than the lighter ones. Hence, the outermost electrons are subject to a shielding effect from the inner electrons that makes them more easily ionized, since they are less strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This results in an ionization energy low enough to form stable compounds with the most electronegative elements, fluorine and oxygen, and even with less electronegative elements such as nitrogen and carbon under certain circumstances. When the family of noble gases was first identified at the end of the nineteenth", "id": "3900654" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nnon-equilibrium conditions and is at odds to mercury's more typical chemistry, and Jensen has suggested that it would be better to regard mercury as not being a transition metal. Although group 12 lies in the d-block of the modern 18-column periodic table, the d electrons of zinc, cadmium, and (almost always) mercury behave as core electrons and do not take part in bonding. This behavior is similar to that of the main-group elements, but is in stark contrast to that of the neighboring group", "id": "15956165" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nin which the \"d\"-orbitals are not involved. This is because in a transition series, the valence shell electronic configuration of the elements do not change. However, there are some group similarities as well. There are a number of properties shared by the transition elements that are not found in other elements, which results from the partially filled \"d\" shell. These include Most transition metals can be bound to a variety of ligands, allowing for a wide variety of transition metal complexes. Colour in transition-series metal compounds", "id": "11651402" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nand therefore less likely to be involved in bonding. Unfortunately this explanation does not stand up. If the total ionization potentials (IP) (see below) of the 2 electrons in s orbitals (the 2nd + 3rd ionization potentials), are examined it can be seen that they increase in the sequence: An important consideration is that compounds in the lower oxidation state are ionic, whereas the compounds in the higher oxidation state tend to be covalent. Therefore, covalency effects must also be taken into account. In fact an", "id": "9776233" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nrelativistic effects may cause some of its properties to differ from those expected from a straight application of periodic trends. For example, unbiunium is expected to have a sp valence electron configuration instead of the sd of its lighter congeners in group 3, but this is not expected to significantly affect its chemistry, which is predicted to be that of a normal group 3 element; it would on the other hand significantly lower its first ionisation energy beyond what would be expected from periodic trends. Transactinide elements, such as unbiunium, are produced", "id": "8897625" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nto the lighter elements in groups 11 and 12 (particularly gold and mercury). As with mercury but not copernicium, ionization of element 166 to Uhh is expected to result in a 7d configuration corresponding to the loss of the s-electrons but not the d-electrons, making it more analogous to the lighter \"less relativistic\" group 12 elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury, which have essentially no transition-metal character. The next six elements on the periodic table should be the last main-group elements in", "id": "19154644" }, { "contents": "Unpaired electron\n\n\nunpaired electrons are stabilised by delocalisation. In contrast, radicals in d- and f-block chemistry are very common. The less directional, more diffuse d and f orbitals, in which unpaired electrons reside, overlap less effectively, form weaker bonds and thus dimerisation is generally disfavoured. These d and f orbitals also have comparatively smaller radial extension, disfavouring overlap to form dimers. Relatively more stable entities with unpaired electrons do exist, e.g. the nitric oxide molecule has one. According to Hund's rule, the spins of unpaired electrons", "id": "15135442" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natoms). A \"group\" or \"family\" is a vertical column in the periodic table. Groups usually have more significant periodic trends than periods and blocks, explained below. Modern quantum mechanical theories of atomic structure explain group trends by proposing that elements within the same group generally have the same electron configurations in their valence shell. Consequently, elements in the same group tend to have a shared chemistry and exhibit a clear trend in properties with increasing atomic number. In some parts of the periodic table, such as the", "id": "3472835" }, { "contents": "Electron shell\n\n\ngives the elements arranged by increasing atomic number and shows the number of electrons per shell. At a glance, one can see that subsets of the list show obvious patterns. In particular, the seven elements (in ) before a noble gas (group 18, in ) higher than helium have the number of electrons in the valence shell in arithmetic progression. (However, this pattern may break down in the seventh period due to relativistic effects.) Sorting the table by chemical group shows additional patterns, especially with respect to", "id": "19678744" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nof radial nodes in the 4f orbitals contribute to their core-like behavior in the lanthanide series, unlike the more valence-like 5f orbitals in the actinides; however, the relativistic expansion and destabilization of the 5g orbitals should partially compensate for their lack of radial nodes and hence smaller extent. While the lighter group 3 elements fill d-orbitals (Sc, [Ar]3d4s; Y, [Kr]4d5s; La, [Xe]5d6s; Ac, [Rn]6d7s), unbiunium is expected to fill the 8p orbital instead due to", "id": "8897650" }, { "contents": "Ionic bonding\n\n\nelement (usually nonmetal) with greater electron affinity accepts the electron(s) to attain a stable electron configuration, and after accepting electron(s) an atom becomes an anion. Typically, the stable electron configuration is one of the noble gases for elements in the s-block and the p-block, and particular stable electron configurations for d-block and f-block elements. The electrostatic attraction between the anions and cations leads to the formation of a solid with a crystallographic lattice in which the ions are stacked in an alternating fashion", "id": "15052078" }, { "contents": "Ion\n\n\nis exhausted of electrons. For this reason, ions tend to form in ways that leave them with full orbital blocks. For example, sodium has one \"valence electron\" in its outermost shell, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one lost electron, as . On the other side of the periodic table, chlorine has seven valence electrons, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one gained electron, as . Caesium has the lowest measured ionization energy of all the elements and helium has the greatest.", "id": "236384" }, { "contents": "Group (periodic table)\n\n\nIn chemistry, a group (also known as a family) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table, and the f-block columns (between groups 3 and 4) are not numbered. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms (i.e., the same core charge), as most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron. There are three systems", "id": "5268529" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\n20) of group-2 with the configuration [Ar]4\"s\", or scandium (Sc), the first element of group 3 with atomic number \"Z\" = 21 and configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\", depending on the definition used. As we move from left to right, electrons are added to the same \"d\"-sub-shell till it is complete. The element of group 11 in the first transition series is copper (Cu) with an atypical configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\". Despite the filled d subshell in metallic copper it nevertheless forms", "id": "11651399" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\np orbitals shield the charge of the nucleus more effectively, leaving less for the outer d and f electrons, which therefore move in larger orbitals. Dubnium is greatly affected by this: unlike the previous group 5 members, its 7s electrons are slightly more difficult to extract than its 6d electrons. Another effect is the spin–orbit interaction, particularly spin–orbit splitting, which splits the 6d subshell—the azimuthal quantum number ℓ of a d shell is 2—into two subshells, with four of the ten orbitals having their ℓ", "id": "8430316" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nand/or vertical trends. Elements in the same group tend to show patterns in atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. From top to bottom in a group, the atomic radii of the elements increase. Since there are more filled energy levels, valence electrons are found farther from the nucleus. From the top, each successive element has a lower ionization energy because it is easier to remove an electron since the atoms are less tightly bound. Similarly, a group has a top-to-bottom decrease in electronegativity due to", "id": "3472839" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nelectron configuration shows clear analogies with palladium with its 4d5s electron configuration. The noble metals of this series of transition metals are not expected to be as noble as their lighter homologues, due to the absence of an outer \"s\" shell for shielding and also because the 7d shell is strongly split into two subshells due to relativistic effects. This causes the first ionization energies of the 7d transition metals to be smaller than those of their lighter congeners. Calculations predict that the 7d electrons of element 164 (unhexquadium) should participate very", "id": "19154637" }, { "contents": "Bent's rule\n\n\n. Bent's rule can be generalized to d-block elements as well. The hybridisation of a metal center is arranged so that orbitals with more s character are directed towards ligands that form bonds with more covalent character. Equivalently, orbitals with more d character are directed towards groups that form bonds of greater ionic character. The validity of Bent's rule for 75 bond types between the main group elements was examined recently. For bonds with the larger atoms from the lower periods, trends in orbital hybridization depend strongly on both electronegativity", "id": "1746559" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\nto competing horizontal and vertical trends in the nuclear charge. Going along a period, the nuclear charge increases with atomic number as do the number of electrons. The additional pull on outer electrons as nuclear charge increases generally outweighs the screening effect of having more electrons. With some irregularities, atoms therefore become smaller, ionization energy increases, and there is a gradual change in character, across a period, from strongly metallic, to weakly metallic, to weakly nonmetallic, to strongly nonmetallic elements. Going down a main group, the", "id": "5142301" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\nhaving 6 polar covalent (partly ionic) bonds made from only four orbitals on sulfur (one s and three p) in accordance with the octet rule, together with six orbitals on the fluorines. Similar calculations on transition-metal molecules show that the role of p orbitals is minor, so that one s and five d orbitals on the metal are sufficient to describe the bonding. For elements in the main groups of the periodic table, the valence can vary between 1 and 7. Many elements have a common valence related", "id": "5443593" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\n, Ge, Sb, Po) lie just below the line. The diagonal positioning of the metalloids represents an exception to the observation that elements with similar properties tend to occur in vertical groups. A related effect can be seen in other diagonal similarities between some elements and their lower right neighbours, specifically lithium-magnesium, beryllium-aluminium, and boron-silicon. Rayner-Canham has argued that these similarities extend to carbon-phosphorus, nitrogen-sulfur, and into three d-block series. This exception arises due", "id": "5142300" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nhave an electron affinity higher than all the alkali metals lighter than it. Relativistic effects also cause a very large drop in the polarisability of ununennium. On the other hand, ununennium is predicted to continue the trend of melting points decreasing going down the group, being expected to have a melting point between 0 °C and 30 °C. The stabilisation of ununennium's valence electron and thus the contraction of the 8s orbital cause its atomic radius to be lowered to 240 pm, very close to that of rubidium (247 pm", "id": "71789" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nbehaves like a noble gas, and thus is taken to be part of the group 18 elements. However, in terms of its nuclear structure it belongs to the s block, and is therefore sometimes classified as a group 2 element, or simultaneously both 2 and 18. Hydrogen readily loses and gains an electron, and so behaves chemically as both a group 1 and a group 17 element. Period 2 elements involve the 2s and 2p orbitals. They include the biologically most essential elements besides hydrogen: carbon, nitrogen, and", "id": "5268637" }, { "contents": "Group 9 element\n\n\nGroup 9 is a group (column) of chemical elements in the periodic table. Members are cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and meitnerium (Mt). These are all transition metals in the d-block. Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior; however, rhodium deviates from the pattern. \"Group 9\" is the modern standard designation for this group, adopted by", "id": "15956141" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nvisualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter. In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up (in approximation) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The repeating \"periodicity\" of the blocks of 2, 6, 10, and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s, p, d and f atomic orbitals, respectively, although for", "id": "861537" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nelectron in that \"s\"-sub shell in its ground state. The \"s\"-sub-shell in the valence shell is represented as the \"ns\" sub-shell, e.g. 4s. In the periodic table, the transition metals are present in eight groups (4 to 11), with some authors including some elements in groups 3 or 12. The elements in group 3 have an \"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d\" configuration. The first transition series is present in the 4th period, and starts after Ca (\"Z\" =", "id": "11651398" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nenergy. This will cause the electron shells to mix so that the block concept no longer applies very well, and will also result in novel chemical properties that will make positioning these elements in a periodic table very difficult. For example, element 164 is expected to mix characteristics of the elements of group 10, 12, 14, and 18. The first two elements of period 8 will be ununennium and unbinilium, elements 119 and 120. Their electron configurations should have the 8s orbital being filled. This orbital is relativistically stabilized", "id": "19154617" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\npairs of electrons; hence, the block includes ten columns in the periodic table. The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but is footnoted in 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals because they provide a transition between the s-block and d-block in the 6th and 7th row (period), in the same way that the d-block transition metals provide a transitional bridge between the s-block", "id": "2070048" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nnumber of electrons in a particular subshell fall into the same columns (e.g. oxygen and selenium are in the same column because they both have four electrons in the outermost p-subshell). Elements with similar chemical properties generally fall into the same group in the periodic table, although in the f-block, and to some respect in the d-block, the elements in the same period tend to have similar properties, as well. Thus, it is relatively easy to predict the chemical properties of an element if one", "id": "3472832" }, { "contents": "Roentgenium\n\n\ngroup 11 elements, copper, silver, and gold, all have an outer electron configuration nd(n+1)s. For each of these elements, the first excited state of their atoms has a configuration nd(n+1)s. Due to spin-orbit coupling between the d electrons, this state is split into a pair of energy levels. For copper, the difference in energy between the ground state and lowest excited state causes the metal to appear reddish. For silver, the energy gap widens and it becomes silvery. However, as the atomic number increases", "id": "14700092" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nat a noble-gas electronic configuration. As of 2016, a total of 118 elements have been discovered and confirmed. Modern quantum mechanics explains these periodic trends in properties in terms of electron shells. As atomic number increases, shells fill with electrons in approximately the order shown at right. The filling of each shell corresponds to a row in the table. In the s-block and p-block of the periodic table, elements within the same period generally do not exhibit trends and similarities in properties (vertical trends down", "id": "5268635" }, { "contents": "Nonmetal\n\n\nnoble gas at that. Radon trioxide (RnO) is expected to be acidic. Oganesson, the heaviest element on the periodic table, has only recently been synthesized. Owing to its short half-life, its chemical properties have not yet been investigated. Due to the significant relativistic destabilisation of the 7p orbitals, it is expected to be significantly reactive and behave more similarly to the group 14 elements, as it effectively has four valence electrons outside a pseudo-noble gas core. Its boiling point is expected to be about", "id": "13626148" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nalso dependent upon additional details of the atoms (see ). The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom increases with the atomic number. The electrons in the outermost shell, or \"valence electrons\", tend to be responsible for an element's chemical behavior. Elements that contain the same number of valence electrons can be grouped together and display similar chemical properties. For elements with high atomic number , the effects of relativity become more pronounced, and especially so for s electrons, which move at relativistic velocities as they penetrate", "id": "861610" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\n, such as its valence electron configuration and having a dominant +5 oxidation state, with the other group 5 elements, with a few anomalies due to relativistic effects. A limited investigation of dubnium chemistry has confirmed this. Solution chemistry experiments have revealed that dubnium often behaves more like niobium rather than tantalum, breaking periodic trends. Uranium, element 92, is the heaviest element to occur in significant quantity in nature; heavier elements can only be produced practically by synthesis. The first synthesis of a new element—neptunium, element 93—was", "id": "8430291" }, { "contents": "D electron count\n\n\nserious conflicts with experimental observations for transition metal centers under most ambient conditions. Under most conditions all of the valence electrons of a transition metal center are located in d orbitals while the standard model of electron configuration would predict some of them to be in the pertinent s orbital. The valence of a transition metal center can be described by standard quantum numbers. The Aufbau principle and Madelung's rule would predict for period \"n\" that the \"n\"s orbitals fill prior to the (\"n\" − 1)d orbitals. For example", "id": "6521603" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. By this definition all of the elements in groups 3–11 are transition metals. The IUPAC definition therefore excludes group 12, comprising zinc, cadmium and mercury, from the transition metals category. Some chemists treat the categories \"d-block elements\" and \"transition metals\" interchangeably, thereby including groups 3–12 among the transition metals. In this instance the group 12 elements are treated as a special case of transition metal in which the d electrons", "id": "3472905" }, { "contents": "Group 3 element\n\n\nGroup 3 is a group of elements in the periodic table. This group, like other d-block groups, should contain four elements, but it is not agreed what elements belong in the group. Scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) are always included, but the other two spaces are usually occupied by lanthanum (La) and actinium (Ac), or by lutetium (Lu) and lawrencium (Lr); less frequently, it is considered the group should be expanded to 32 elements (with all", "id": "10452969" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\n+1 and +2 oxidation states respectively. The 9s electrons should have ionization energies comparable to those of the 3s electrons of sodium and magnesium, due to relativistic effects causing the 9s electrons to be much more strongly bound than non-relativistic calculations would predict. Elements 165 and 166 should normally exhibit the +1 and +2 oxidation states respectively, although the ionization energies of the 7d electrons are low enough to allow higher oxidation states like +3 for element 165. The oxidation state +4 for element 166 is less likely, creating a situation similar", "id": "19154643" }, { "contents": "Oganesson\n\n\nelements. The members of this group are usually inert to most common chemical reactions (for example, combustion) because the outer valence shell is completely filled with eight electrons. This produces a stable, minimum energy configuration in which the outer electrons are tightly bound. It is thought that similarly, oganesson has a closed outer valence shell in which its valence electrons are arranged in a 7s7p configuration. Consequently, some expect oganesson to have similar physical and chemical properties to other members of its group, most closely resembling the noble gas", "id": "15996964" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\nNa or K). An alkaline earth metal of Group 2 (e.g., magnesium) is somewhat less reactive, because each atom must lose two valence electrons to form a positive ion with a closed shell (e.g., Mg). Within each group (each periodic table column) of metals, reactivity increases with each lower row of the table (from a light element to a heavier element), because a heavier element has more electron shells than a lighter element; a heavier element's valence electrons exist at higher principal", "id": "11942314" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\ngermanium, though gallium participates in semi-conductors such as gallium arsenide. Zinc and cadmium are electropositive while mercury is not. As a result, zinc and cadmium metal are good reducing agents. The elements of group 12 have an oxidation state of +2 in which the ions have the rather stable d electronic configuration, with a full sub-shell. However, mercury can easily be reduced to the +1 oxidation state; usually, as in the ion , two mercury(I) ions come together to form a metal-metal bond", "id": "15956160" }, { "contents": "Metallic bonding\n\n\nvalence electrons. The radii also increase down the group due to increase in principal quantum number. Between rows 3 and 4, the lanthanide contraction is observed – there is very little increase of the radius down the group due to the presence of poorly shielding f orbitals. The atoms in metals have a strong attractive force between them. Much energy is required to overcome it. Therefore, metals often have high boiling points, with tungsten (5828 K) being extremely high. A remarkable exception is the elements of the zinc group", "id": "20423263" }, { "contents": "Noble gas\n\n\nnoble gases are farther away from the nucleus and are therefore not held as tightly together by the atom. Noble gases have the largest ionization potential among the elements of each period, which reflects the stability of their electron configuration and is related to their relative lack of chemical reactivity. Some of the heavier noble gases, however, have ionization potentials small enough to be comparable to those of other elements and molecules. It was the insight that xenon has an ionization potential similar to that of the oxygen molecule that led Bartlett to attempt", "id": "1233453" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nThe p orbital consists of six lobed shapes coming from a central point at evenly spaced angles. The p orbital can hold a maximum of six electrons, hence there are six columns in the p-block. Elements in column 13, the first column of the p-block, have one p-orbital electron. Elements in column 14, the second column of the p-block, have two p-orbital electrons. The trend continues this way until column 18, which has six p-orbital electrons. They", "id": "2070045" }, { "contents": "Actinide chemistry\n\n\nActinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides. The actinides derive their name from the group 3 element actinium. The informal chemical symbol An is used in general discussions of actinide chemistry to refer to any actinide. All but one of the actinides are f-block elements, corresponding to the filling of the 5f electron shell; lawrencium, a d-block element, is also generally considered an actinide. In comparison with the lanthanides", "id": "8110499" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n) and the actinides (like actinium). Not everyone agrees on the exact membership of each set of elements. For example, some scientists regard the group 12 elements Zn, Cd and Hg as main group, rather than transition group, because they are chemically and physically more similar to the p-block elements than the other d-block elements. The group 3 elements are sometimes considered main group elements due to their similarities to the s-block elements. Groups (columns) in the f-block (between", "id": "2070041" }, { "contents": "Gallium(III) bromide\n\n\n, but when it forms the dimer GaBr the geometry around the Gallium center distorts to become roughly tetrahedral. As a solid, GaBr forms a monoclinic crystalline structure with a unit cell volume of 524.16Å. Additional specifications for this unit cell are as follows: A=8.87Å, B=5.64Å, C=11.01Å, α=90˚, β=107.81˚, γ=90˚ Gallium is the lightest Group 13 metal with a filled d-shell, and has an electronic configuration of (Ar 3d10 4s2 4p1) below the valence electrons that could take part in d-π bonding with ligands.", "id": "7203142" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\ngroups 3 and 4) are not numbered. Helium is from the s-block, with its outer (and only) electrons in the 1s atomic orbital, although its chemical properties are more similar to the p-block noble gases due to its full shell. The s-block is on the left side of the conventional periodic table and is composed of elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus the nonmetals hydrogen and helium. Their", "id": "2070042" } ]

[ { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nsum of the first three ionization potentials of gallium is higher than that of aluminium, whereas the trend in the group would be for it to be lower. The second table below shows the trend in the sum of the first three ionization potentials for the elements B, Al, Sc, Y, La. Sc, Y, La are group 3 elements and have three valence electrons above a noble gas electron core. In contrast to the group 13 elements this sequence shows a smooth reduction. Other effects of the d-block", "id": "18881600" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\ncontraction are that the Ga ion is smaller than expected, being closer in size to Al. Care must be taken in interpreting the ionization potentials for indium and thallium, other effects e.g. the inert pair effect become increasingly important for the heavier members of the group. The cause of the d-block contraction is the poor shielding of the nuclear charge by the electrons in the d orbitals. The outer valence electrons are more strongly attracted by the nucleus causing the observed increase in ionization potentials. The d-block contraction can be", "id": "18881601" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nThe d-block contraction (sometimes called scandide contraction) is a term used in chemistry to describe the effect of having full d orbitals on the period 4 elements. The elements in question are Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, and Kr. Their electronic configurations include completely filled d orbitals (d). d-block contraction is best illustrated by comparing some properties of the group 13 elements to highlight the effect on gallium. Gallium can be seen to be anomalous. The most obvious effect is that the", "id": "18881599" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelement 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. The d-block contraction, which is a similar effect between the d-block and p-block, is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar cause. The first ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove one electron from an atom, the second ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove a second electron from the atom, and so on. For a given atom, successive", "id": "3472853" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\n6th period come after d-block elements, but the electrons present in the intervening d- (and f-) orbitals do not effectively shield the s-electrons of the valence shell. As a result, the \"inert pair\" of ns electrons remains more tightly held by the nucleus and hence participates less in bond formation . Consider as an example thallium (Tl) in group 13. The +1 oxidation state of Tl is the most stable, while Tl compounds are comparatively rare. The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases", "id": "9776231" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements (which have a greater nuclear charge but the same number of valence electrons), and the periodic trends down group 2 from beryllium to radium (similar to that of the alkali metals) are not as smooth when going down from beryllium to mercury (which is more similar to that of the p-block main groups) due to the d-block and lanthanide contractions. It is also the d-block and lanthanide contractions that give mercury many of its distinctive properties. All three metal ions form many tetrahedral species", "id": "15956168" }, { "contents": "Arsenic pentachloride\n\n\nthe elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed", "id": "16441988" }, { "contents": "Electronegativity\n\n\nthat caesium fluoride is the compound whose bonding features the most ionic character. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon, respectively, because of the d-block contraction. Elements of the fourth period immediately after the first row of the transition metals have unusually small atomic radii because the 3d-electrons are not effective at shielding the increased nuclear charge, and smaller atomic size correlates with higher electronegativity (see Allred-Rochow electronegativity, Sanderson electronegativity above). The anomalously", "id": "9632944" }, { "contents": "Aluminium(I)\n\n\nIn chemistry, aluminium(I) refers to monovalent aluminium (+1 oxidation state) in both ionic and covalent bonds. Along with aluminium(II), it is an extremely unstable form of aluminium. While late Group 3 elements such as thallium and indium prefer the +1 oxidation state, aluminium(I) is rare. Unlike late Group XIII elements, aluminium does not experience the inert pair effect, a phenomenon where valence s electrons are poorly shielded from nuclear charge due to the presence of filled d and f orbitals. As such, aluminium (III", "id": "11991348" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelectronegativity, the more an element attracts electrons. It was first proposed by Linus Pauling in 1932. In general, electronegativity increases on passing from left to right along a period, and decreases on descending a group. Hence, fluorine is the most electronegative of the elements, while caesium is the least, at least of those elements for which substantial data is available. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon respectively because of the d-block contraction. Elements of", "id": "3472856" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\na stable ion with an incomplete d subshell. Since the electrons added fill the orbitals, the properties of the \"d\"-block elements are quite different from those of \"s\" and \"p\" block elements in which the filling occurs either in \"s\" or in \"p\"-orbitals of the valence shell. The electronic configuration of the individual elements present in all the d-block series are given below: A careful look at the electronic configuration of the elements reveals that there are certain exceptions, for example Cr and Cu.", "id": "11651400" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nThe term \"inert pair effect\" is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation states that are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15 and 16. The term \"inert pair\" was first proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927. The name suggests that the outermost \"s\" electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus in these atoms, and therefore more difficult to ionize or share. For example, the p-block elements of the 4th, 5th and", "id": "9776230" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshielding by d and f electrons. A uniform decrease in electron affinity only applies to group 1 atoms. The lower the values of ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity, the more metallic character the element has. Conversely, nonmetallic character increases with higher values of these properties. Given the periodic trends of these three properties, metallic character tends to decrease going across a period (or row) and, with some irregularities (mostly) due to poor screening of the nucleus by d and f electrons, and relativistic effects,", "id": "3472860" }, { "contents": "Lead\n\n\na group, as an element's outer electrons become more distant from the nucleus, and more shielded by smaller orbitals. The similarity of ionization energies is caused by the lanthanide contraction—the decrease in element radii from lanthanum (atomic number 57) to lutetium (71), and the relatively small radii of the elements from hafnium (72) onwards. This is due to poor shielding of the nucleus by the lanthanide 4f electrons. The sum of the first four ionization energies of lead exceeds that of tin, contrary to", "id": "17864701" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nthe screening electrons near the core of high- atoms. This relativistic increase in momentum for high speed electrons causes a corresponding decrease in wavelength and contraction of 6s orbitals relative to 5d orbitals (by comparison to corresponding s and d electrons in lighter elements in the same column of the periodic table); this results in 6s valence electrons becoming lowered in energy. Examples of significant physical outcomes of this effect include the lowered melting temperature of mercury (which results from 6s electrons not being available for metal bonding) and the golden color of", "id": "861611" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\n, electrons already present shield the outer electrons from nuclear charge, making them experience a lower effective charge on the nucleus. The shielding effect exerted by the inner electrons decreases in the order \"s\" \"p\" \"d\" \"f\". Usually, as a particular subshell is filled in a period, atomic radius decreases. This effect is particularly pronounced in the case of lanthanides, as the 4\"f\" subshell which is filled across these elements is not very effective at shielding the outer shell (n=5 and n=6)", "id": "13657314" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nblock. In the \"d\"-block the atoms of the elements have between 1 and 10 \"d\" electrons. The elements of groups 4–11 are generally recognized as transition metals, justified by their typical chemistry, i.e. a large range of complex ions in various oxidation states, colored complexes, and catalytic properties either as the element or as ions (or both). Sc and Y in group 3 are also generally recognized as transition metals. However, the elements La–Lu and Ac–Lr and group 12 attract different definitions", "id": "11651392" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nin the following sequence: The same trend in stability is noted in groups 14, 15 and 16. The heaviest members of each group, i.e. lead, bismuth and polonium are comparatively stable in oxidation states +2, +3, and +4 respectively. The lower oxidation state in each of the elements in question has 2 valence electrons in s - orbitals. On the face of it, a simple explanation could be that the valence electrons in an s orbital are more tightly bound and are of lower energy than electrons in p orbitals", "id": "9776232" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. The block names (s, p, d and f) are derived from the spectroscopic notation for the associated atomic orbitals: sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental. There is an approximate correspondence between this nomenclature of blocks, based on electronic configuration, and groupings of elements based on chemical properties. The s-block and p-block together are usually considered main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, and the f-block encompasses nearly all of the lanthanides (like lanthanum", "id": "2070040" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nare mostly covalent in nature. They show variable oxidation states. The reactivity of elements in a group generally decreases downwards. The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties in simple incomplete d orbitals. Transition basically means d orbital lies between s and p orbitals and shows a transition from properties of s to p. The d-block", "id": "2070046" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nand p-block in the 4th and 5th rows. The known f-block elements come in two series, the lanthanides of period 6 and the radioactive actinides of period 7. All are metals. Because the f-orbital electrons are less active in determining the chemistry of these elements, their chemical properties are mostly determined by outer s-orbital electrons. Consequently, there is much less chemical variability within the f-block than within the s-, p-, or d-blocks. The f-block elements are", "id": "2070049" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\nreferred to as, respectively, the 'scandide' or 'd-block contraction', and the 'lanthanide contraction'. Relativistic effects also \"increase the binding energy\", and hence ionisation energy, of the electrons in \"the 6s shell in gold and mercury, and the 6p shell in subsequent elements of period 6.\" The origin of the term \"post-transition metal\" is unclear. An early usage is recorded by Deming, in 1940, in his well-known book \"Fundamental Chemistry.", "id": "19783910" }, { "contents": "Atomic radius\n\n\nthe elements immediately above them. Hence hafnium has virtually the same atomic radius (and chemistry) as zirconium, and tantalum has an atomic radius similar to niobium, and so forth. The effect of the lanthanide contraction is noticeable up to platinum (\"Z\" = 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. Due to lanthanide contraction, the 5 following observations can be drawn: The d-block contraction is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar", "id": "4346523" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block. Their general valence configuration is \"n\"s \"n\"p. This block contains a variety of elements and is the only block that contains all three types of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Generally, the p-block elements are best described in terms of element type or group. The p-block elements are unified by the fact that their valence electrons (outermost electrons) are in the p orbital.", "id": "2070044" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nare on the right side of the d-block, from group 8 to 11 (and 12 if it is counted as transition metals). The general electronic configuration of the \"d\"-block elements is [Inert gas] (\"n\" − 1)\"d\"\"n s\". The period 6 and 7 transition metals also add (\"n\" − 2)\"f\" electrons, which are omitted from the tables below. The Madelung rule predicts that the typical electronic structure of transition metal atoms can be written as [inert gas]\"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d", "id": "11651396" }, { "contents": "Boron group\n\n\nThe boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, comprising boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and perhaps also the chemically uncharacterized nihonium (Nh). The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three electrons in their outer energy levels (valence layers). These elements have also been referred to as the triels. Boron is classified as a typical non-metal while the rest, with the", "id": "14490374" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nan increasing distance between valence electrons and the nucleus. There are exceptions to these trends: for example, in group 11, electronegativity increases farther down the group. A \"period\" is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups generally have more significant periodic trends, there are regions where horizontal trends are more significant than vertical group trends, such as the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy", "id": "3472840" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nA block of the periodic table is a set of chemical elements having their differentiating electrons predominately in the same atomic orbital type. A differentiating electron is the electron that differentiates an element from the previous one. For example, sodium [Na] 3s, when compared to neon [He] 2s2p, has an s- differentiating electron. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet. Each block is named after its characteristic orbital: s-block; p-block; d-block; and f-block", "id": "2070039" }, { "contents": "Resonance (chemistry)\n\n\nfor H and He and effectively for Li as well. The issue of expansion of the valence shell of third period and heavier main group elements is controversial. A Lewis structure in which a central atom has a valence electron count greater than eight traditionally implies the participation of d orbitals in bonding. However, the consensus opinion is that while they may make a marginal contribution, the participation of d orbitals is unimportant, and the bonding of so-called hypervalent molecules are, for the most part, better explained by charge-", "id": "277035" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natom on gaining an electron because it obtains a filled valence shell and is therefore more stable. A trend of decreasing electron affinity going down groups would be expected. The additional electron will be entering an orbital farther away from the nucleus. As such this electron would be less attracted to the nucleus and would release less energy when added. In going down a group, around one-third of elements are anomalous, with heavier elements having higher electron affinities than their next lighter congenors. Largely, this is due to the poor", "id": "3472859" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements in group 12 are usually considered to be d-block elements, but not transition elements as the d-shell is full. Some authors classify these elements as main-group elements because the valence electrons are in ns orbitals. Nevertheless, they share many characteristics with the neighboring group 11 elements on the periodic table, which are almost universally considered to be transition elements. For example, zinc shares many characteristics with the neighboring transition metal, copper. Zinc complexes merit inclusion in the Irving-Williams series as zinc forms", "id": "15956162" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\ncontract, ionisation energies increase, fewer electrons become available for metallic bonding, and \"ions [become] smaller and more polarizing and more prone to covalency.\" This phenomenon is more evident in period 4–6 post-transition metals, due to inefficient screening of their nuclear charges by their d and (in the case of the period 6 metals) f electron configurations; the screening power of electrons decreases in the sequence s p d f. The reductions in atomic size due to the interjection of the d- and f-blocks are", "id": "19783909" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nshielding of electrons from the core charge of the nucleus. For this reason ionization energy is lower for elements lower down in a group, and polarizability of species is higher for elements lower down in a group. The valency does not change going down a group since the bonding behavior is not affected by the core electrons. However, non-bonding interactions such as those just cited are affected by core electrons. Metallic properties increase down groups as decreasing attraction between the nuclei and the outermost electrons causes the outermost electrons to be loosely", "id": "9088962" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nelements are all metals which exhibit two or more ways of forming chemical bonds. Because there is a relatively small difference in the energy of the different d-orbital electrons, the number of electrons participating in chemical bonding can vary. This results in the same element exhibiting two or more oxidation states, which determines the type and number of its nearest neighbors in chemical compounds. The d-block elements are unified by mostly having one or more chemically active d-orbital electrons. The d-orbitals can contain up to five", "id": "2070047" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\nThe lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium. The term was coined by the Norwegian geochemist Victor Goldschmidt in his series \"Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente\". The effect results from poor shielding of nuclear charge (nuclear attractive force on electrons) by 4f electrons; the 6s electrons are drawn towards the nucleus", "id": "13657312" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nd-like orbitals occupied by the six electrons are no longer identical with the d orbitals of the free atom. There are several more exceptions to Madelung's rule among the heavier elements, and as atomic number increases it becomes more and more difficult to find simple explanations such as the stability of half-filled subshells. It is possible to predict most of the exceptions by Hartree–Fock calculations, which are an approximate method for taking account of the effect of the other electrons on orbital energies. For the heavier elements,", "id": "18614792" }, { "contents": "Ytterbium(III) chloride\n\n\nmuch smaller with increasing effective nuclear charge as a consequence of the \"f\" electrons not being as well shielded as \"d\" electrons. This behavior is known as the lanthanide contraction. The small size of Yb produces fast catalytic behavior and an atomic radius (0.99 Å) comparable to many biologically important ions. The gas-phase thermodynamic properties of this chemical are difficult to determine because the chemical can disproportionate to form [YbCl] or dimerize. The YbCl species was detected by electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry as", "id": "21610848" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nlonger distance between the nucleus and the valence electron shell, thereby decreasing the attraction, making the atom have less of an attraction for electrons or protons. However, in the group 13 elements electronegativity increases from aluminium to thallium, and in group 14 electronegativity of lead is lower than that of tin. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron shell of an isolated atom of an element. Sometimes, it is also regarded as the basis of Modern Periodic Table. In a period, the number of valence electrons increases (", "id": "9088960" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\n, in which main-group elements have apparent valences greater than the maximal of 4 allowed by the octet rule. For example, in the sulfur hexafluoride molecule (SF), Pauling considered that the sulfur forms 6 true two-electron bonds using spd hybrid atomic orbitals, which combine one s, three p and two d orbitals. However more recently, quantum-mechanical calculations on this and similar molecules have shown that the role of d orbitals in the bonding is minimal, and that the SF molecule should be described as", "id": "5443592" }, { "contents": "Compounds of fluorine\n\n\nelectron per atom, as are other halogen X molecules. However, the heavier halogens' p electron orbitals partly mix with those of d orbitals, which results in an increased effective bond order; for example, chlorine has a bond order of 1.12. Fluorine's electrons cannot exhibit this d character since there are no such d orbitals close in energy to fluorine's valence orbitals. This also helps explain why bonding in F is weaker than in Cl. Reactions with elemental fluorine are often sudden or explosive. Many substances that", "id": "21755143" }, { "contents": "Acceptor (semiconductors)\n\n\nIn semiconductor physics, an acceptor is a dopant atom that when added to a semiconductor can form a p-type region. For example, when silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, needs to be doped as a p-type semiconductor, elements from group III like boron (B) or aluminium (Al), having three valence electrons, can be used. The latter elements are also called trivalent impurities. Other trivalent dopants include indium (In) and gallium (Ga). When substituting for a", "id": "14124918" }, { "contents": "Carbon group\n\n\n, or (not coincidentally) from the fact that these elements have four valence electrons (see below). Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior: Each of the elements in this group has 4 electrons in its outer orbital (the atom's top energy level). The last orbital of all these elements is the p orbital. In most cases, the elements share their electrons. The tendency to lose electrons increases", "id": "12572907" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nalways feels the same effective nuclear charge (+1), the only factor which affects the first ionisation energy is the distance from the outermost electron to the nucleus. Since this distance increases down the group, the outermost electron feels less attraction from the nucleus and thus the first ionisation energy decreases. (This trend is broken in francium due to the relativistic stabilisation and contraction of the 7s orbital, bringing francium's valence electron closer to the nucleus than would be expected from non-relativistic calculations. This makes francium's outermost electron", "id": "71727" }, { "contents": "Indium\n\n\nis attributed to the inert pair effect, in which relativistic effects stabilize the 5s-orbital, observed in heavier elements. Thallium (indium's heavier homolog) shows an even stronger effect, causing oxidation to thallium(I) to be more probable than to thallium(III), whereas gallium (indium's lighter homolog) commonly shows only the +3 oxidation state. Thus, although thallium(III) is a moderately strong oxidizing agent, indium(III) is not, and many indium(I) compounds are powerful reducing agents. While the energy required to include the", "id": "14895372" }, { "contents": "Shielding effect\n\n\nIn general we can order the electron shells (s,p,d,f) as such where \"S\" is the screening strength that a given orbital provides to the rest of the electrons. In hydrogen, or any other atom in group 1A of the periodic table (those with only one valence electron), the force on the electron is just as large as the electromagnetic attraction from the nucleus of the atom. However, when more electrons are involved, each electron (in the \"n\"-shell) experiences not", "id": "14750612" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nzinc, cadmium and mercury are sometimes regarded as linking the \"d\" block to the \"p\" block. Notionally they are \"d\" block elements but they have few transition metal properties and are more like their \"p\" block neighbors in group 13. The relatively inert noble gases, in group 18, bridge the most reactive groups of elements in the periodic table—the halogens in group 17 and the alkali metals in group 1. In 1789, Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33 chemical elements, grouping", "id": "3472864" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\n, the concept of the valence electron is less useful for a transition metal than for a main group element; the d electron count is an alternative tool for understanding the chemistry of a transition metal. The number of electrons in an atom's outermost valence shell governs its bonding behavior. Therefore, elements whose atoms can have the same number of valence electrons are grouped together in the periodic table of the elements. As a general rule, a main group element (except hydrogen or helium) tends to react to form a closed", "id": "11942312" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide\n\n\nlanthanum or lutetium is considered a d-block element, but is included due to its chemical similarities with the other 14. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum to lutetium. They are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum. Both lanthanum and lutetium have been labeled as group 3 elements, because they have a single valence electron in the 5d shell. However, both elements are often included in discussions", "id": "18665634" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\nhave only been performed on single atoms. A direct relativistic effect is that as the atomic numbers of elements increase, the innermost electrons begin to revolve faster around the nucleus as a result of an increase of electromagnetic attraction between an electron and a nucleus. Similar effects have been found for the outermost s orbitals (and p ones, though in dubnium they are not occupied): for example, the 7s orbital contracts by 25% in size and is stabilized by 2.6 eV. A more indirect effect is that the contracted s and", "id": "8430315" }, { "contents": "Gallium trichloride\n\n\ntwo bridging chlorides. Its structure resembles that of aluminium tribromide. In contrast AlCl and InCl feature contain 6 coordinate metal centers. As a consequence of its molecular nature and associated low lattice energy, gallium trichloride has a lower melting point vs the aluminium and indium trihalides. The formula of GaCl is often written as Ga(μ-Cl)Cl. In the gas phase the dimers dissociate to trigonal planar monomers. Gallium is the lightest member of Group 13 to have a full \"d\" shell, (gallium has the electronic configuration Ar 3\"d\"10", "id": "8779707" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nmetallic radii of cadmium and mercury is an effect of the lanthanide contraction. So, the trend in this group is unlike the trend in group 2, the alkaline earths, where metallic radius increases smoothly from top to bottom of the group. All three metals have relatively low melting and boiling points, indicating that the metallic bond is relatively weak, with relatively little overlap between the valence band and the conduction band. Thus, zinc is close to the boundary between metallic and metalloid elements, which is usually placed between gallium and", "id": "15956159" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nthe atomic nucleus, as in the shell model of nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. For example, all the elements of group 2 have an electron configuration of [E] \"n\"s (where [E] is an inert gas configuration), and have notable similarities in their chemical properties. In general, the periodicity of the periodic table in terms of periodic table blocks is clearly due to the number of electrons (", "id": "18614780" }, { "contents": "Noble gas compound\n\n\n. The heavier noble gases have more electron shells than the lighter ones. Hence, the outermost electrons are subject to a shielding effect from the inner electrons that makes them more easily ionized, since they are less strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This results in an ionization energy low enough to form stable compounds with the most electronegative elements, fluorine and oxygen, and even with less electronegative elements such as nitrogen and carbon under certain circumstances. When the family of noble gases was first identified at the end of the nineteenth", "id": "3900654" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nnon-equilibrium conditions and is at odds to mercury's more typical chemistry, and Jensen has suggested that it would be better to regard mercury as not being a transition metal. Although group 12 lies in the d-block of the modern 18-column periodic table, the d electrons of zinc, cadmium, and (almost always) mercury behave as core electrons and do not take part in bonding. This behavior is similar to that of the main-group elements, but is in stark contrast to that of the neighboring group", "id": "15956165" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nin which the \"d\"-orbitals are not involved. This is because in a transition series, the valence shell electronic configuration of the elements do not change. However, there are some group similarities as well. There are a number of properties shared by the transition elements that are not found in other elements, which results from the partially filled \"d\" shell. These include Most transition metals can be bound to a variety of ligands, allowing for a wide variety of transition metal complexes. Colour in transition-series metal compounds", "id": "11651402" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nand therefore less likely to be involved in bonding. Unfortunately this explanation does not stand up. If the total ionization potentials (IP) (see below) of the 2 electrons in s orbitals (the 2nd + 3rd ionization potentials), are examined it can be seen that they increase in the sequence: An important consideration is that compounds in the lower oxidation state are ionic, whereas the compounds in the higher oxidation state tend to be covalent. Therefore, covalency effects must also be taken into account. In fact an", "id": "9776233" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nrelativistic effects may cause some of its properties to differ from those expected from a straight application of periodic trends. For example, unbiunium is expected to have a sp valence electron configuration instead of the sd of its lighter congeners in group 3, but this is not expected to significantly affect its chemistry, which is predicted to be that of a normal group 3 element; it would on the other hand significantly lower its first ionisation energy beyond what would be expected from periodic trends. Transactinide elements, such as unbiunium, are produced", "id": "8897625" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nto the lighter elements in groups 11 and 12 (particularly gold and mercury). As with mercury but not copernicium, ionization of element 166 to Uhh is expected to result in a 7d configuration corresponding to the loss of the s-electrons but not the d-electrons, making it more analogous to the lighter \"less relativistic\" group 12 elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury, which have essentially no transition-metal character. The next six elements on the periodic table should be the last main-group elements in", "id": "19154644" }, { "contents": "Unpaired electron\n\n\nunpaired electrons are stabilised by delocalisation. In contrast, radicals in d- and f-block chemistry are very common. The less directional, more diffuse d and f orbitals, in which unpaired electrons reside, overlap less effectively, form weaker bonds and thus dimerisation is generally disfavoured. These d and f orbitals also have comparatively smaller radial extension, disfavouring overlap to form dimers. Relatively more stable entities with unpaired electrons do exist, e.g. the nitric oxide molecule has one. According to Hund's rule, the spins of unpaired electrons", "id": "15135442" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natoms). A \"group\" or \"family\" is a vertical column in the periodic table. Groups usually have more significant periodic trends than periods and blocks, explained below. Modern quantum mechanical theories of atomic structure explain group trends by proposing that elements within the same group generally have the same electron configurations in their valence shell. Consequently, elements in the same group tend to have a shared chemistry and exhibit a clear trend in properties with increasing atomic number. In some parts of the periodic table, such as the", "id": "3472835" }, { "contents": "Electron shell\n\n\ngives the elements arranged by increasing atomic number and shows the number of electrons per shell. At a glance, one can see that subsets of the list show obvious patterns. In particular, the seven elements (in ) before a noble gas (group 18, in ) higher than helium have the number of electrons in the valence shell in arithmetic progression. (However, this pattern may break down in the seventh period due to relativistic effects.) Sorting the table by chemical group shows additional patterns, especially with respect to", "id": "19678744" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nof radial nodes in the 4f orbitals contribute to their core-like behavior in the lanthanide series, unlike the more valence-like 5f orbitals in the actinides; however, the relativistic expansion and destabilization of the 5g orbitals should partially compensate for their lack of radial nodes and hence smaller extent. While the lighter group 3 elements fill d-orbitals (Sc, [Ar]3d4s; Y, [Kr]4d5s; La, [Xe]5d6s; Ac, [Rn]6d7s), unbiunium is expected to fill the 8p orbital instead due to", "id": "8897650" }, { "contents": "Ionic bonding\n\n\nelement (usually nonmetal) with greater electron affinity accepts the electron(s) to attain a stable electron configuration, and after accepting electron(s) an atom becomes an anion. Typically, the stable electron configuration is one of the noble gases for elements in the s-block and the p-block, and particular stable electron configurations for d-block and f-block elements. The electrostatic attraction between the anions and cations leads to the formation of a solid with a crystallographic lattice in which the ions are stacked in an alternating fashion", "id": "15052078" }, { "contents": "Ion\n\n\nis exhausted of electrons. For this reason, ions tend to form in ways that leave them with full orbital blocks. For example, sodium has one \"valence electron\" in its outermost shell, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one lost electron, as . On the other side of the periodic table, chlorine has seven valence electrons, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one gained electron, as . Caesium has the lowest measured ionization energy of all the elements and helium has the greatest.", "id": "236384" }, { "contents": "Group (periodic table)\n\n\nIn chemistry, a group (also known as a family) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table, and the f-block columns (between groups 3 and 4) are not numbered. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms (i.e., the same core charge), as most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron. There are three systems", "id": "5268529" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\n20) of group-2 with the configuration [Ar]4\"s\", or scandium (Sc), the first element of group 3 with atomic number \"Z\" = 21 and configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\", depending on the definition used. As we move from left to right, electrons are added to the same \"d\"-sub-shell till it is complete. The element of group 11 in the first transition series is copper (Cu) with an atypical configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\". Despite the filled d subshell in metallic copper it nevertheless forms", "id": "11651399" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\np orbitals shield the charge of the nucleus more effectively, leaving less for the outer d and f electrons, which therefore move in larger orbitals. Dubnium is greatly affected by this: unlike the previous group 5 members, its 7s electrons are slightly more difficult to extract than its 6d electrons. Another effect is the spin–orbit interaction, particularly spin–orbit splitting, which splits the 6d subshell—the azimuthal quantum number ℓ of a d shell is 2—into two subshells, with four of the ten orbitals having their ℓ", "id": "8430316" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nand/or vertical trends. Elements in the same group tend to show patterns in atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. From top to bottom in a group, the atomic radii of the elements increase. Since there are more filled energy levels, valence electrons are found farther from the nucleus. From the top, each successive element has a lower ionization energy because it is easier to remove an electron since the atoms are less tightly bound. Similarly, a group has a top-to-bottom decrease in electronegativity due to", "id": "3472839" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nelectron configuration shows clear analogies with palladium with its 4d5s electron configuration. The noble metals of this series of transition metals are not expected to be as noble as their lighter homologues, due to the absence of an outer \"s\" shell for shielding and also because the 7d shell is strongly split into two subshells due to relativistic effects. This causes the first ionization energies of the 7d transition metals to be smaller than those of their lighter congeners. Calculations predict that the 7d electrons of element 164 (unhexquadium) should participate very", "id": "19154637" }, { "contents": "Bent's rule\n\n\n. Bent's rule can be generalized to d-block elements as well. The hybridisation of a metal center is arranged so that orbitals with more s character are directed towards ligands that form bonds with more covalent character. Equivalently, orbitals with more d character are directed towards groups that form bonds of greater ionic character. The validity of Bent's rule for 75 bond types between the main group elements was examined recently. For bonds with the larger atoms from the lower periods, trends in orbital hybridization depend strongly on both electronegativity", "id": "1746559" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\nto competing horizontal and vertical trends in the nuclear charge. Going along a period, the nuclear charge increases with atomic number as do the number of electrons. The additional pull on outer electrons as nuclear charge increases generally outweighs the screening effect of having more electrons. With some irregularities, atoms therefore become smaller, ionization energy increases, and there is a gradual change in character, across a period, from strongly metallic, to weakly metallic, to weakly nonmetallic, to strongly nonmetallic elements. Going down a main group, the", "id": "5142301" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\nhaving 6 polar covalent (partly ionic) bonds made from only four orbitals on sulfur (one s and three p) in accordance with the octet rule, together with six orbitals on the fluorines. Similar calculations on transition-metal molecules show that the role of p orbitals is minor, so that one s and five d orbitals on the metal are sufficient to describe the bonding. For elements in the main groups of the periodic table, the valence can vary between 1 and 7. Many elements have a common valence related", "id": "5443593" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\n, Ge, Sb, Po) lie just below the line. The diagonal positioning of the metalloids represents an exception to the observation that elements with similar properties tend to occur in vertical groups. A related effect can be seen in other diagonal similarities between some elements and their lower right neighbours, specifically lithium-magnesium, beryllium-aluminium, and boron-silicon. Rayner-Canham has argued that these similarities extend to carbon-phosphorus, nitrogen-sulfur, and into three d-block series. This exception arises due", "id": "5142300" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nhave an electron affinity higher than all the alkali metals lighter than it. Relativistic effects also cause a very large drop in the polarisability of ununennium. On the other hand, ununennium is predicted to continue the trend of melting points decreasing going down the group, being expected to have a melting point between 0 °C and 30 °C. The stabilisation of ununennium's valence electron and thus the contraction of the 8s orbital cause its atomic radius to be lowered to 240 pm, very close to that of rubidium (247 pm", "id": "71789" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nbehaves like a noble gas, and thus is taken to be part of the group 18 elements. However, in terms of its nuclear structure it belongs to the s block, and is therefore sometimes classified as a group 2 element, or simultaneously both 2 and 18. Hydrogen readily loses and gains an electron, and so behaves chemically as both a group 1 and a group 17 element. Period 2 elements involve the 2s and 2p orbitals. They include the biologically most essential elements besides hydrogen: carbon, nitrogen, and", "id": "5268637" }, { "contents": "Group 9 element\n\n\nGroup 9 is a group (column) of chemical elements in the periodic table. Members are cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and meitnerium (Mt). These are all transition metals in the d-block. Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior; however, rhodium deviates from the pattern. \"Group 9\" is the modern standard designation for this group, adopted by", "id": "15956141" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nvisualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter. In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up (in approximation) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The repeating \"periodicity\" of the blocks of 2, 6, 10, and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s, p, d and f atomic orbitals, respectively, although for", "id": "861537" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nelectron in that \"s\"-sub shell in its ground state. The \"s\"-sub-shell in the valence shell is represented as the \"ns\" sub-shell, e.g. 4s. In the periodic table, the transition metals are present in eight groups (4 to 11), with some authors including some elements in groups 3 or 12. The elements in group 3 have an \"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d\" configuration. The first transition series is present in the 4th period, and starts after Ca (\"Z\" =", "id": "11651398" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nenergy. This will cause the electron shells to mix so that the block concept no longer applies very well, and will also result in novel chemical properties that will make positioning these elements in a periodic table very difficult. For example, element 164 is expected to mix characteristics of the elements of group 10, 12, 14, and 18. The first two elements of period 8 will be ununennium and unbinilium, elements 119 and 120. Their electron configurations should have the 8s orbital being filled. This orbital is relativistically stabilized", "id": "19154617" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\npairs of electrons; hence, the block includes ten columns in the periodic table. The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but is footnoted in 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals because they provide a transition between the s-block and d-block in the 6th and 7th row (period), in the same way that the d-block transition metals provide a transitional bridge between the s-block", "id": "2070048" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nnumber of electrons in a particular subshell fall into the same columns (e.g. oxygen and selenium are in the same column because they both have four electrons in the outermost p-subshell). Elements with similar chemical properties generally fall into the same group in the periodic table, although in the f-block, and to some respect in the d-block, the elements in the same period tend to have similar properties, as well. Thus, it is relatively easy to predict the chemical properties of an element if one", "id": "3472832" }, { "contents": "Roentgenium\n\n\ngroup 11 elements, copper, silver, and gold, all have an outer electron configuration nd(n+1)s. For each of these elements, the first excited state of their atoms has a configuration nd(n+1)s. Due to spin-orbit coupling between the d electrons, this state is split into a pair of energy levels. For copper, the difference in energy between the ground state and lowest excited state causes the metal to appear reddish. For silver, the energy gap widens and it becomes silvery. However, as the atomic number increases", "id": "14700092" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nat a noble-gas electronic configuration. As of 2016, a total of 118 elements have been discovered and confirmed. Modern quantum mechanics explains these periodic trends in properties in terms of electron shells. As atomic number increases, shells fill with electrons in approximately the order shown at right. The filling of each shell corresponds to a row in the table. In the s-block and p-block of the periodic table, elements within the same period generally do not exhibit trends and similarities in properties (vertical trends down", "id": "5268635" }, { "contents": "Nonmetal\n\n\nnoble gas at that. Radon trioxide (RnO) is expected to be acidic. Oganesson, the heaviest element on the periodic table, has only recently been synthesized. Owing to its short half-life, its chemical properties have not yet been investigated. Due to the significant relativistic destabilisation of the 7p orbitals, it is expected to be significantly reactive and behave more similarly to the group 14 elements, as it effectively has four valence electrons outside a pseudo-noble gas core. Its boiling point is expected to be about", "id": "13626148" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nalso dependent upon additional details of the atoms (see ). The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom increases with the atomic number. The electrons in the outermost shell, or \"valence electrons\", tend to be responsible for an element's chemical behavior. Elements that contain the same number of valence electrons can be grouped together and display similar chemical properties. For elements with high atomic number , the effects of relativity become more pronounced, and especially so for s electrons, which move at relativistic velocities as they penetrate", "id": "861610" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\n, such as its valence electron configuration and having a dominant +5 oxidation state, with the other group 5 elements, with a few anomalies due to relativistic effects. A limited investigation of dubnium chemistry has confirmed this. Solution chemistry experiments have revealed that dubnium often behaves more like niobium rather than tantalum, breaking periodic trends. Uranium, element 92, is the heaviest element to occur in significant quantity in nature; heavier elements can only be produced practically by synthesis. The first synthesis of a new element—neptunium, element 93—was", "id": "8430291" }, { "contents": "D electron count\n\n\nserious conflicts with experimental observations for transition metal centers under most ambient conditions. Under most conditions all of the valence electrons of a transition metal center are located in d orbitals while the standard model of electron configuration would predict some of them to be in the pertinent s orbital. The valence of a transition metal center can be described by standard quantum numbers. The Aufbau principle and Madelung's rule would predict for period \"n\" that the \"n\"s orbitals fill prior to the (\"n\" − 1)d orbitals. For example", "id": "6521603" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. By this definition all of the elements in groups 3–11 are transition metals. The IUPAC definition therefore excludes group 12, comprising zinc, cadmium and mercury, from the transition metals category. Some chemists treat the categories \"d-block elements\" and \"transition metals\" interchangeably, thereby including groups 3–12 among the transition metals. In this instance the group 12 elements are treated as a special case of transition metal in which the d electrons", "id": "3472905" }, { "contents": "Group 3 element\n\n\nGroup 3 is a group of elements in the periodic table. This group, like other d-block groups, should contain four elements, but it is not agreed what elements belong in the group. Scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) are always included, but the other two spaces are usually occupied by lanthanum (La) and actinium (Ac), or by lutetium (Lu) and lawrencium (Lr); less frequently, it is considered the group should be expanded to 32 elements (with all", "id": "10452969" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\n+1 and +2 oxidation states respectively. The 9s electrons should have ionization energies comparable to those of the 3s electrons of sodium and magnesium, due to relativistic effects causing the 9s electrons to be much more strongly bound than non-relativistic calculations would predict. Elements 165 and 166 should normally exhibit the +1 and +2 oxidation states respectively, although the ionization energies of the 7d electrons are low enough to allow higher oxidation states like +3 for element 165. The oxidation state +4 for element 166 is less likely, creating a situation similar", "id": "19154643" }, { "contents": "Oganesson\n\n\nelements. The members of this group are usually inert to most common chemical reactions (for example, combustion) because the outer valence shell is completely filled with eight electrons. This produces a stable, minimum energy configuration in which the outer electrons are tightly bound. It is thought that similarly, oganesson has a closed outer valence shell in which its valence electrons are arranged in a 7s7p configuration. Consequently, some expect oganesson to have similar physical and chemical properties to other members of its group, most closely resembling the noble gas", "id": "15996964" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\nNa or K). An alkaline earth metal of Group 2 (e.g., magnesium) is somewhat less reactive, because each atom must lose two valence electrons to form a positive ion with a closed shell (e.g., Mg). Within each group (each periodic table column) of metals, reactivity increases with each lower row of the table (from a light element to a heavier element), because a heavier element has more electron shells than a lighter element; a heavier element's valence electrons exist at higher principal", "id": "11942314" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\ngermanium, though gallium participates in semi-conductors such as gallium arsenide. Zinc and cadmium are electropositive while mercury is not. As a result, zinc and cadmium metal are good reducing agents. The elements of group 12 have an oxidation state of +2 in which the ions have the rather stable d electronic configuration, with a full sub-shell. However, mercury can easily be reduced to the +1 oxidation state; usually, as in the ion , two mercury(I) ions come together to form a metal-metal bond", "id": "15956160" }, { "contents": "Metallic bonding\n\n\nvalence electrons. The radii also increase down the group due to increase in principal quantum number. Between rows 3 and 4, the lanthanide contraction is observed – there is very little increase of the radius down the group due to the presence of poorly shielding f orbitals. The atoms in metals have a strong attractive force between them. Much energy is required to overcome it. Therefore, metals often have high boiling points, with tungsten (5828 K) being extremely high. A remarkable exception is the elements of the zinc group", "id": "20423263" }, { "contents": "Noble gas\n\n\nnoble gases are farther away from the nucleus and are therefore not held as tightly together by the atom. Noble gases have the largest ionization potential among the elements of each period, which reflects the stability of their electron configuration and is related to their relative lack of chemical reactivity. Some of the heavier noble gases, however, have ionization potentials small enough to be comparable to those of other elements and molecules. It was the insight that xenon has an ionization potential similar to that of the oxygen molecule that led Bartlett to attempt", "id": "1233453" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nThe p orbital consists of six lobed shapes coming from a central point at evenly spaced angles. The p orbital can hold a maximum of six electrons, hence there are six columns in the p-block. Elements in column 13, the first column of the p-block, have one p-orbital electron. Elements in column 14, the second column of the p-block, have two p-orbital electrons. The trend continues this way until column 18, which has six p-orbital electrons. They", "id": "2070045" }, { "contents": "Actinide chemistry\n\n\nActinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides. The actinides derive their name from the group 3 element actinium. The informal chemical symbol An is used in general discussions of actinide chemistry to refer to any actinide. All but one of the actinides are f-block elements, corresponding to the filling of the 5f electron shell; lawrencium, a d-block element, is also generally considered an actinide. In comparison with the lanthanides", "id": "8110499" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n) and the actinides (like actinium). Not everyone agrees on the exact membership of each set of elements. For example, some scientists regard the group 12 elements Zn, Cd and Hg as main group, rather than transition group, because they are chemically and physically more similar to the p-block elements than the other d-block elements. The group 3 elements are sometimes considered main group elements due to their similarities to the s-block elements. Groups (columns) in the f-block (between", "id": "2070041" }, { "contents": "Gallium(III) bromide\n\n\n, but when it forms the dimer GaBr the geometry around the Gallium center distorts to become roughly tetrahedral. As a solid, GaBr forms a monoclinic crystalline structure with a unit cell volume of 524.16Å. Additional specifications for this unit cell are as follows: A=8.87Å, B=5.64Å, C=11.01Å, α=90˚, β=107.81˚, γ=90˚ Gallium is the lightest Group 13 metal with a filled d-shell, and has an electronic configuration of (Ar 3d10 4s2 4p1) below the valence electrons that could take part in d-π bonding with ligands.", "id": "7203142" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\ngroups 3 and 4) are not numbered. Helium is from the s-block, with its outer (and only) electrons in the 1s atomic orbital, although its chemical properties are more similar to the p-block noble gases due to its full shell. The s-block is on the left side of the conventional periodic table and is composed of elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus the nonmetals hydrogen and helium. Their", "id": "2070042" } ]

[ { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nsum of the first three ionization potentials of gallium is higher than that of aluminium, whereas the trend in the group would be for it to be lower. The second table below shows the trend in the sum of the first three ionization potentials for the elements B, Al, Sc, Y, La. Sc, Y, La are group 3 elements and have three valence electrons above a noble gas electron core. In contrast to the group 13 elements this sequence shows a smooth reduction. Other effects of the d-block", "id": "18881600" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\ncontraction are that the Ga ion is smaller than expected, being closer in size to Al. Care must be taken in interpreting the ionization potentials for indium and thallium, other effects e.g. the inert pair effect become increasingly important for the heavier members of the group. The cause of the d-block contraction is the poor shielding of the nuclear charge by the electrons in the d orbitals. The outer valence electrons are more strongly attracted by the nucleus causing the observed increase in ionization potentials. The d-block contraction can be", "id": "18881601" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nThe d-block contraction (sometimes called scandide contraction) is a term used in chemistry to describe the effect of having full d orbitals on the period 4 elements. The elements in question are Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, and Kr. Their electronic configurations include completely filled d orbitals (d). d-block contraction is best illustrated by comparing some properties of the group 13 elements to highlight the effect on gallium. Gallium can be seen to be anomalous. The most obvious effect is that the", "id": "18881599" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelement 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. The d-block contraction, which is a similar effect between the d-block and p-block, is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar cause. The first ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove one electron from an atom, the second ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove a second electron from the atom, and so on. For a given atom, successive", "id": "3472853" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\n6th period come after d-block elements, but the electrons present in the intervening d- (and f-) orbitals do not effectively shield the s-electrons of the valence shell. As a result, the \"inert pair\" of ns electrons remains more tightly held by the nucleus and hence participates less in bond formation . Consider as an example thallium (Tl) in group 13. The +1 oxidation state of Tl is the most stable, while Tl compounds are comparatively rare. The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases", "id": "9776231" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements (which have a greater nuclear charge but the same number of valence electrons), and the periodic trends down group 2 from beryllium to radium (similar to that of the alkali metals) are not as smooth when going down from beryllium to mercury (which is more similar to that of the p-block main groups) due to the d-block and lanthanide contractions. It is also the d-block and lanthanide contractions that give mercury many of its distinctive properties. All three metal ions form many tetrahedral species", "id": "15956168" }, { "contents": "Arsenic pentachloride\n\n\nthe elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed", "id": "16441988" }, { "contents": "Electronegativity\n\n\nthat caesium fluoride is the compound whose bonding features the most ionic character. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon, respectively, because of the d-block contraction. Elements of the fourth period immediately after the first row of the transition metals have unusually small atomic radii because the 3d-electrons are not effective at shielding the increased nuclear charge, and smaller atomic size correlates with higher electronegativity (see Allred-Rochow electronegativity, Sanderson electronegativity above). The anomalously", "id": "9632944" }, { "contents": "Aluminium(I)\n\n\nIn chemistry, aluminium(I) refers to monovalent aluminium (+1 oxidation state) in both ionic and covalent bonds. Along with aluminium(II), it is an extremely unstable form of aluminium. While late Group 3 elements such as thallium and indium prefer the +1 oxidation state, aluminium(I) is rare. Unlike late Group XIII elements, aluminium does not experience the inert pair effect, a phenomenon where valence s electrons are poorly shielded from nuclear charge due to the presence of filled d and f orbitals. As such, aluminium (III", "id": "11991348" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelectronegativity, the more an element attracts electrons. It was first proposed by Linus Pauling in 1932. In general, electronegativity increases on passing from left to right along a period, and decreases on descending a group. Hence, fluorine is the most electronegative of the elements, while caesium is the least, at least of those elements for which substantial data is available. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon respectively because of the d-block contraction. Elements of", "id": "3472856" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\na stable ion with an incomplete d subshell. Since the electrons added fill the orbitals, the properties of the \"d\"-block elements are quite different from those of \"s\" and \"p\" block elements in which the filling occurs either in \"s\" or in \"p\"-orbitals of the valence shell. The electronic configuration of the individual elements present in all the d-block series are given below: A careful look at the electronic configuration of the elements reveals that there are certain exceptions, for example Cr and Cu.", "id": "11651400" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nThe term \"inert pair effect\" is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation states that are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15 and 16. The term \"inert pair\" was first proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927. The name suggests that the outermost \"s\" electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus in these atoms, and therefore more difficult to ionize or share. For example, the p-block elements of the 4th, 5th and", "id": "9776230" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshielding by d and f electrons. A uniform decrease in electron affinity only applies to group 1 atoms. The lower the values of ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity, the more metallic character the element has. Conversely, nonmetallic character increases with higher values of these properties. Given the periodic trends of these three properties, metallic character tends to decrease going across a period (or row) and, with some irregularities (mostly) due to poor screening of the nucleus by d and f electrons, and relativistic effects,", "id": "3472860" }, { "contents": "Lead\n\n\na group, as an element's outer electrons become more distant from the nucleus, and more shielded by smaller orbitals. The similarity of ionization energies is caused by the lanthanide contraction—the decrease in element radii from lanthanum (atomic number 57) to lutetium (71), and the relatively small radii of the elements from hafnium (72) onwards. This is due to poor shielding of the nucleus by the lanthanide 4f electrons. The sum of the first four ionization energies of lead exceeds that of tin, contrary to", "id": "17864701" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nthe screening electrons near the core of high- atoms. This relativistic increase in momentum for high speed electrons causes a corresponding decrease in wavelength and contraction of 6s orbitals relative to 5d orbitals (by comparison to corresponding s and d electrons in lighter elements in the same column of the periodic table); this results in 6s valence electrons becoming lowered in energy. Examples of significant physical outcomes of this effect include the lowered melting temperature of mercury (which results from 6s electrons not being available for metal bonding) and the golden color of", "id": "861611" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\n, electrons already present shield the outer electrons from nuclear charge, making them experience a lower effective charge on the nucleus. The shielding effect exerted by the inner electrons decreases in the order \"s\" \"p\" \"d\" \"f\". Usually, as a particular subshell is filled in a period, atomic radius decreases. This effect is particularly pronounced in the case of lanthanides, as the 4\"f\" subshell which is filled across these elements is not very effective at shielding the outer shell (n=5 and n=6)", "id": "13657314" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nblock. In the \"d\"-block the atoms of the elements have between 1 and 10 \"d\" electrons. The elements of groups 4–11 are generally recognized as transition metals, justified by their typical chemistry, i.e. a large range of complex ions in various oxidation states, colored complexes, and catalytic properties either as the element or as ions (or both). Sc and Y in group 3 are also generally recognized as transition metals. However, the elements La–Lu and Ac–Lr and group 12 attract different definitions", "id": "11651392" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nin the following sequence: The same trend in stability is noted in groups 14, 15 and 16. The heaviest members of each group, i.e. lead, bismuth and polonium are comparatively stable in oxidation states +2, +3, and +4 respectively. The lower oxidation state in each of the elements in question has 2 valence electrons in s - orbitals. On the face of it, a simple explanation could be that the valence electrons in an s orbital are more tightly bound and are of lower energy than electrons in p orbitals", "id": "9776232" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. The block names (s, p, d and f) are derived from the spectroscopic notation for the associated atomic orbitals: sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental. There is an approximate correspondence between this nomenclature of blocks, based on electronic configuration, and groupings of elements based on chemical properties. The s-block and p-block together are usually considered main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, and the f-block encompasses nearly all of the lanthanides (like lanthanum", "id": "2070040" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nare mostly covalent in nature. They show variable oxidation states. The reactivity of elements in a group generally decreases downwards. The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties in simple incomplete d orbitals. Transition basically means d orbital lies between s and p orbitals and shows a transition from properties of s to p. The d-block", "id": "2070046" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nand p-block in the 4th and 5th rows. The known f-block elements come in two series, the lanthanides of period 6 and the radioactive actinides of period 7. All are metals. Because the f-orbital electrons are less active in determining the chemistry of these elements, their chemical properties are mostly determined by outer s-orbital electrons. Consequently, there is much less chemical variability within the f-block than within the s-, p-, or d-blocks. The f-block elements are", "id": "2070049" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\nreferred to as, respectively, the 'scandide' or 'd-block contraction', and the 'lanthanide contraction'. Relativistic effects also \"increase the binding energy\", and hence ionisation energy, of the electrons in \"the 6s shell in gold and mercury, and the 6p shell in subsequent elements of period 6.\" The origin of the term \"post-transition metal\" is unclear. An early usage is recorded by Deming, in 1940, in his well-known book \"Fundamental Chemistry.", "id": "19783910" }, { "contents": "Atomic radius\n\n\nthe elements immediately above them. Hence hafnium has virtually the same atomic radius (and chemistry) as zirconium, and tantalum has an atomic radius similar to niobium, and so forth. The effect of the lanthanide contraction is noticeable up to platinum (\"Z\" = 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. Due to lanthanide contraction, the 5 following observations can be drawn: The d-block contraction is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar", "id": "4346523" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block. Their general valence configuration is \"n\"s \"n\"p. This block contains a variety of elements and is the only block that contains all three types of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Generally, the p-block elements are best described in terms of element type or group. The p-block elements are unified by the fact that their valence electrons (outermost electrons) are in the p orbital.", "id": "2070044" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nare on the right side of the d-block, from group 8 to 11 (and 12 if it is counted as transition metals). The general electronic configuration of the \"d\"-block elements is [Inert gas] (\"n\" − 1)\"d\"\"n s\". The period 6 and 7 transition metals also add (\"n\" − 2)\"f\" electrons, which are omitted from the tables below. The Madelung rule predicts that the typical electronic structure of transition metal atoms can be written as [inert gas]\"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d", "id": "11651396" }, { "contents": "Boron group\n\n\nThe boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, comprising boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and perhaps also the chemically uncharacterized nihonium (Nh). The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three electrons in their outer energy levels (valence layers). These elements have also been referred to as the triels. Boron is classified as a typical non-metal while the rest, with the", "id": "14490374" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nan increasing distance between valence electrons and the nucleus. There are exceptions to these trends: for example, in group 11, electronegativity increases farther down the group. A \"period\" is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups generally have more significant periodic trends, there are regions where horizontal trends are more significant than vertical group trends, such as the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy", "id": "3472840" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nA block of the periodic table is a set of chemical elements having their differentiating electrons predominately in the same atomic orbital type. A differentiating electron is the electron that differentiates an element from the previous one. For example, sodium [Na] 3s, when compared to neon [He] 2s2p, has an s- differentiating electron. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet. Each block is named after its characteristic orbital: s-block; p-block; d-block; and f-block", "id": "2070039" }, { "contents": "Resonance (chemistry)\n\n\nfor H and He and effectively for Li as well. The issue of expansion of the valence shell of third period and heavier main group elements is controversial. A Lewis structure in which a central atom has a valence electron count greater than eight traditionally implies the participation of d orbitals in bonding. However, the consensus opinion is that while they may make a marginal contribution, the participation of d orbitals is unimportant, and the bonding of so-called hypervalent molecules are, for the most part, better explained by charge-", "id": "277035" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natom on gaining an electron because it obtains a filled valence shell and is therefore more stable. A trend of decreasing electron affinity going down groups would be expected. The additional electron will be entering an orbital farther away from the nucleus. As such this electron would be less attracted to the nucleus and would release less energy when added. In going down a group, around one-third of elements are anomalous, with heavier elements having higher electron affinities than their next lighter congenors. Largely, this is due to the poor", "id": "3472859" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements in group 12 are usually considered to be d-block elements, but not transition elements as the d-shell is full. Some authors classify these elements as main-group elements because the valence electrons are in ns orbitals. Nevertheless, they share many characteristics with the neighboring group 11 elements on the periodic table, which are almost universally considered to be transition elements. For example, zinc shares many characteristics with the neighboring transition metal, copper. Zinc complexes merit inclusion in the Irving-Williams series as zinc forms", "id": "15956162" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\ncontract, ionisation energies increase, fewer electrons become available for metallic bonding, and \"ions [become] smaller and more polarizing and more prone to covalency.\" This phenomenon is more evident in period 4–6 post-transition metals, due to inefficient screening of their nuclear charges by their d and (in the case of the period 6 metals) f electron configurations; the screening power of electrons decreases in the sequence s p d f. The reductions in atomic size due to the interjection of the d- and f-blocks are", "id": "19783909" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nshielding of electrons from the core charge of the nucleus. For this reason ionization energy is lower for elements lower down in a group, and polarizability of species is higher for elements lower down in a group. The valency does not change going down a group since the bonding behavior is not affected by the core electrons. However, non-bonding interactions such as those just cited are affected by core electrons. Metallic properties increase down groups as decreasing attraction between the nuclei and the outermost electrons causes the outermost electrons to be loosely", "id": "9088962" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nelements are all metals which exhibit two or more ways of forming chemical bonds. Because there is a relatively small difference in the energy of the different d-orbital electrons, the number of electrons participating in chemical bonding can vary. This results in the same element exhibiting two or more oxidation states, which determines the type and number of its nearest neighbors in chemical compounds. The d-block elements are unified by mostly having one or more chemically active d-orbital electrons. The d-orbitals can contain up to five", "id": "2070047" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\nThe lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium. The term was coined by the Norwegian geochemist Victor Goldschmidt in his series \"Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente\". The effect results from poor shielding of nuclear charge (nuclear attractive force on electrons) by 4f electrons; the 6s electrons are drawn towards the nucleus", "id": "13657312" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nd-like orbitals occupied by the six electrons are no longer identical with the d orbitals of the free atom. There are several more exceptions to Madelung's rule among the heavier elements, and as atomic number increases it becomes more and more difficult to find simple explanations such as the stability of half-filled subshells. It is possible to predict most of the exceptions by Hartree–Fock calculations, which are an approximate method for taking account of the effect of the other electrons on orbital energies. For the heavier elements,", "id": "18614792" }, { "contents": "Ytterbium(III) chloride\n\n\nmuch smaller with increasing effective nuclear charge as a consequence of the \"f\" electrons not being as well shielded as \"d\" electrons. This behavior is known as the lanthanide contraction. The small size of Yb produces fast catalytic behavior and an atomic radius (0.99 Å) comparable to many biologically important ions. The gas-phase thermodynamic properties of this chemical are difficult to determine because the chemical can disproportionate to form [YbCl] or dimerize. The YbCl species was detected by electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry as", "id": "21610848" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nlonger distance between the nucleus and the valence electron shell, thereby decreasing the attraction, making the atom have less of an attraction for electrons or protons. However, in the group 13 elements electronegativity increases from aluminium to thallium, and in group 14 electronegativity of lead is lower than that of tin. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron shell of an isolated atom of an element. Sometimes, it is also regarded as the basis of Modern Periodic Table. In a period, the number of valence electrons increases (", "id": "9088960" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\n, in which main-group elements have apparent valences greater than the maximal of 4 allowed by the octet rule. For example, in the sulfur hexafluoride molecule (SF), Pauling considered that the sulfur forms 6 true two-electron bonds using spd hybrid atomic orbitals, which combine one s, three p and two d orbitals. However more recently, quantum-mechanical calculations on this and similar molecules have shown that the role of d orbitals in the bonding is minimal, and that the SF molecule should be described as", "id": "5443592" }, { "contents": "Compounds of fluorine\n\n\nelectron per atom, as are other halogen X molecules. However, the heavier halogens' p electron orbitals partly mix with those of d orbitals, which results in an increased effective bond order; for example, chlorine has a bond order of 1.12. Fluorine's electrons cannot exhibit this d character since there are no such d orbitals close in energy to fluorine's valence orbitals. This also helps explain why bonding in F is weaker than in Cl. Reactions with elemental fluorine are often sudden or explosive. Many substances that", "id": "21755143" }, { "contents": "Acceptor (semiconductors)\n\n\nIn semiconductor physics, an acceptor is a dopant atom that when added to a semiconductor can form a p-type region. For example, when silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, needs to be doped as a p-type semiconductor, elements from group III like boron (B) or aluminium (Al), having three valence electrons, can be used. The latter elements are also called trivalent impurities. Other trivalent dopants include indium (In) and gallium (Ga). When substituting for a", "id": "14124918" }, { "contents": "Carbon group\n\n\n, or (not coincidentally) from the fact that these elements have four valence electrons (see below). Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior: Each of the elements in this group has 4 electrons in its outer orbital (the atom's top energy level). The last orbital of all these elements is the p orbital. In most cases, the elements share their electrons. The tendency to lose electrons increases", "id": "12572907" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nalways feels the same effective nuclear charge (+1), the only factor which affects the first ionisation energy is the distance from the outermost electron to the nucleus. Since this distance increases down the group, the outermost electron feels less attraction from the nucleus and thus the first ionisation energy decreases. (This trend is broken in francium due to the relativistic stabilisation and contraction of the 7s orbital, bringing francium's valence electron closer to the nucleus than would be expected from non-relativistic calculations. This makes francium's outermost electron", "id": "71727" }, { "contents": "Indium\n\n\nis attributed to the inert pair effect, in which relativistic effects stabilize the 5s-orbital, observed in heavier elements. Thallium (indium's heavier homolog) shows an even stronger effect, causing oxidation to thallium(I) to be more probable than to thallium(III), whereas gallium (indium's lighter homolog) commonly shows only the +3 oxidation state. Thus, although thallium(III) is a moderately strong oxidizing agent, indium(III) is not, and many indium(I) compounds are powerful reducing agents. While the energy required to include the", "id": "14895372" }, { "contents": "Shielding effect\n\n\nIn general we can order the electron shells (s,p,d,f) as such where \"S\" is the screening strength that a given orbital provides to the rest of the electrons. In hydrogen, or any other atom in group 1A of the periodic table (those with only one valence electron), the force on the electron is just as large as the electromagnetic attraction from the nucleus of the atom. However, when more electrons are involved, each electron (in the \"n\"-shell) experiences not", "id": "14750612" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nzinc, cadmium and mercury are sometimes regarded as linking the \"d\" block to the \"p\" block. Notionally they are \"d\" block elements but they have few transition metal properties and are more like their \"p\" block neighbors in group 13. The relatively inert noble gases, in group 18, bridge the most reactive groups of elements in the periodic table—the halogens in group 17 and the alkali metals in group 1. In 1789, Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33 chemical elements, grouping", "id": "3472864" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\n, the concept of the valence electron is less useful for a transition metal than for a main group element; the d electron count is an alternative tool for understanding the chemistry of a transition metal. The number of electrons in an atom's outermost valence shell governs its bonding behavior. Therefore, elements whose atoms can have the same number of valence electrons are grouped together in the periodic table of the elements. As a general rule, a main group element (except hydrogen or helium) tends to react to form a closed", "id": "11942312" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide\n\n\nlanthanum or lutetium is considered a d-block element, but is included due to its chemical similarities with the other 14. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum to lutetium. They are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum. Both lanthanum and lutetium have been labeled as group 3 elements, because they have a single valence electron in the 5d shell. However, both elements are often included in discussions", "id": "18665634" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\nhave only been performed on single atoms. A direct relativistic effect is that as the atomic numbers of elements increase, the innermost electrons begin to revolve faster around the nucleus as a result of an increase of electromagnetic attraction between an electron and a nucleus. Similar effects have been found for the outermost s orbitals (and p ones, though in dubnium they are not occupied): for example, the 7s orbital contracts by 25% in size and is stabilized by 2.6 eV. A more indirect effect is that the contracted s and", "id": "8430315" }, { "contents": "Gallium trichloride\n\n\ntwo bridging chlorides. Its structure resembles that of aluminium tribromide. In contrast AlCl and InCl feature contain 6 coordinate metal centers. As a consequence of its molecular nature and associated low lattice energy, gallium trichloride has a lower melting point vs the aluminium and indium trihalides. The formula of GaCl is often written as Ga(μ-Cl)Cl. In the gas phase the dimers dissociate to trigonal planar monomers. Gallium is the lightest member of Group 13 to have a full \"d\" shell, (gallium has the electronic configuration Ar 3\"d\"10", "id": "8779707" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nmetallic radii of cadmium and mercury is an effect of the lanthanide contraction. So, the trend in this group is unlike the trend in group 2, the alkaline earths, where metallic radius increases smoothly from top to bottom of the group. All three metals have relatively low melting and boiling points, indicating that the metallic bond is relatively weak, with relatively little overlap between the valence band and the conduction band. Thus, zinc is close to the boundary between metallic and metalloid elements, which is usually placed between gallium and", "id": "15956159" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nthe atomic nucleus, as in the shell model of nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. For example, all the elements of group 2 have an electron configuration of [E] \"n\"s (where [E] is an inert gas configuration), and have notable similarities in their chemical properties. In general, the periodicity of the periodic table in terms of periodic table blocks is clearly due to the number of electrons (", "id": "18614780" }, { "contents": "Noble gas compound\n\n\n. The heavier noble gases have more electron shells than the lighter ones. Hence, the outermost electrons are subject to a shielding effect from the inner electrons that makes them more easily ionized, since they are less strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This results in an ionization energy low enough to form stable compounds with the most electronegative elements, fluorine and oxygen, and even with less electronegative elements such as nitrogen and carbon under certain circumstances. When the family of noble gases was first identified at the end of the nineteenth", "id": "3900654" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nnon-equilibrium conditions and is at odds to mercury's more typical chemistry, and Jensen has suggested that it would be better to regard mercury as not being a transition metal. Although group 12 lies in the d-block of the modern 18-column periodic table, the d electrons of zinc, cadmium, and (almost always) mercury behave as core electrons and do not take part in bonding. This behavior is similar to that of the main-group elements, but is in stark contrast to that of the neighboring group", "id": "15956165" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nin which the \"d\"-orbitals are not involved. This is because in a transition series, the valence shell electronic configuration of the elements do not change. However, there are some group similarities as well. There are a number of properties shared by the transition elements that are not found in other elements, which results from the partially filled \"d\" shell. These include Most transition metals can be bound to a variety of ligands, allowing for a wide variety of transition metal complexes. Colour in transition-series metal compounds", "id": "11651402" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nand therefore less likely to be involved in bonding. Unfortunately this explanation does not stand up. If the total ionization potentials (IP) (see below) of the 2 electrons in s orbitals (the 2nd + 3rd ionization potentials), are examined it can be seen that they increase in the sequence: An important consideration is that compounds in the lower oxidation state are ionic, whereas the compounds in the higher oxidation state tend to be covalent. Therefore, covalency effects must also be taken into account. In fact an", "id": "9776233" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nrelativistic effects may cause some of its properties to differ from those expected from a straight application of periodic trends. For example, unbiunium is expected to have a sp valence electron configuration instead of the sd of its lighter congeners in group 3, but this is not expected to significantly affect its chemistry, which is predicted to be that of a normal group 3 element; it would on the other hand significantly lower its first ionisation energy beyond what would be expected from periodic trends. Transactinide elements, such as unbiunium, are produced", "id": "8897625" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nto the lighter elements in groups 11 and 12 (particularly gold and mercury). As with mercury but not copernicium, ionization of element 166 to Uhh is expected to result in a 7d configuration corresponding to the loss of the s-electrons but not the d-electrons, making it more analogous to the lighter \"less relativistic\" group 12 elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury, which have essentially no transition-metal character. The next six elements on the periodic table should be the last main-group elements in", "id": "19154644" }, { "contents": "Unpaired electron\n\n\nunpaired electrons are stabilised by delocalisation. In contrast, radicals in d- and f-block chemistry are very common. The less directional, more diffuse d and f orbitals, in which unpaired electrons reside, overlap less effectively, form weaker bonds and thus dimerisation is generally disfavoured. These d and f orbitals also have comparatively smaller radial extension, disfavouring overlap to form dimers. Relatively more stable entities with unpaired electrons do exist, e.g. the nitric oxide molecule has one. According to Hund's rule, the spins of unpaired electrons", "id": "15135442" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natoms). A \"group\" or \"family\" is a vertical column in the periodic table. Groups usually have more significant periodic trends than periods and blocks, explained below. Modern quantum mechanical theories of atomic structure explain group trends by proposing that elements within the same group generally have the same electron configurations in their valence shell. Consequently, elements in the same group tend to have a shared chemistry and exhibit a clear trend in properties with increasing atomic number. In some parts of the periodic table, such as the", "id": "3472835" }, { "contents": "Electron shell\n\n\ngives the elements arranged by increasing atomic number and shows the number of electrons per shell. At a glance, one can see that subsets of the list show obvious patterns. In particular, the seven elements (in ) before a noble gas (group 18, in ) higher than helium have the number of electrons in the valence shell in arithmetic progression. (However, this pattern may break down in the seventh period due to relativistic effects.) Sorting the table by chemical group shows additional patterns, especially with respect to", "id": "19678744" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nof radial nodes in the 4f orbitals contribute to their core-like behavior in the lanthanide series, unlike the more valence-like 5f orbitals in the actinides; however, the relativistic expansion and destabilization of the 5g orbitals should partially compensate for their lack of radial nodes and hence smaller extent. While the lighter group 3 elements fill d-orbitals (Sc, [Ar]3d4s; Y, [Kr]4d5s; La, [Xe]5d6s; Ac, [Rn]6d7s), unbiunium is expected to fill the 8p orbital instead due to", "id": "8897650" }, { "contents": "Ionic bonding\n\n\nelement (usually nonmetal) with greater electron affinity accepts the electron(s) to attain a stable electron configuration, and after accepting electron(s) an atom becomes an anion. Typically, the stable electron configuration is one of the noble gases for elements in the s-block and the p-block, and particular stable electron configurations for d-block and f-block elements. The electrostatic attraction between the anions and cations leads to the formation of a solid with a crystallographic lattice in which the ions are stacked in an alternating fashion", "id": "15052078" }, { "contents": "Ion\n\n\nis exhausted of electrons. For this reason, ions tend to form in ways that leave them with full orbital blocks. For example, sodium has one \"valence electron\" in its outermost shell, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one lost electron, as . On the other side of the periodic table, chlorine has seven valence electrons, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one gained electron, as . Caesium has the lowest measured ionization energy of all the elements and helium has the greatest.", "id": "236384" }, { "contents": "Group (periodic table)\n\n\nIn chemistry, a group (also known as a family) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table, and the f-block columns (between groups 3 and 4) are not numbered. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms (i.e., the same core charge), as most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron. There are three systems", "id": "5268529" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\n20) of group-2 with the configuration [Ar]4\"s\", or scandium (Sc), the first element of group 3 with atomic number \"Z\" = 21 and configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\", depending on the definition used. As we move from left to right, electrons are added to the same \"d\"-sub-shell till it is complete. The element of group 11 in the first transition series is copper (Cu) with an atypical configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\". Despite the filled d subshell in metallic copper it nevertheless forms", "id": "11651399" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\np orbitals shield the charge of the nucleus more effectively, leaving less for the outer d and f electrons, which therefore move in larger orbitals. Dubnium is greatly affected by this: unlike the previous group 5 members, its 7s electrons are slightly more difficult to extract than its 6d electrons. Another effect is the spin–orbit interaction, particularly spin–orbit splitting, which splits the 6d subshell—the azimuthal quantum number ℓ of a d shell is 2—into two subshells, with four of the ten orbitals having their ℓ", "id": "8430316" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nand/or vertical trends. Elements in the same group tend to show patterns in atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. From top to bottom in a group, the atomic radii of the elements increase. Since there are more filled energy levels, valence electrons are found farther from the nucleus. From the top, each successive element has a lower ionization energy because it is easier to remove an electron since the atoms are less tightly bound. Similarly, a group has a top-to-bottom decrease in electronegativity due to", "id": "3472839" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nelectron configuration shows clear analogies with palladium with its 4d5s electron configuration. The noble metals of this series of transition metals are not expected to be as noble as their lighter homologues, due to the absence of an outer \"s\" shell for shielding and also because the 7d shell is strongly split into two subshells due to relativistic effects. This causes the first ionization energies of the 7d transition metals to be smaller than those of their lighter congeners. Calculations predict that the 7d electrons of element 164 (unhexquadium) should participate very", "id": "19154637" }, { "contents": "Bent's rule\n\n\n. Bent's rule can be generalized to d-block elements as well. The hybridisation of a metal center is arranged so that orbitals with more s character are directed towards ligands that form bonds with more covalent character. Equivalently, orbitals with more d character are directed towards groups that form bonds of greater ionic character. The validity of Bent's rule for 75 bond types between the main group elements was examined recently. For bonds with the larger atoms from the lower periods, trends in orbital hybridization depend strongly on both electronegativity", "id": "1746559" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\nto competing horizontal and vertical trends in the nuclear charge. Going along a period, the nuclear charge increases with atomic number as do the number of electrons. The additional pull on outer electrons as nuclear charge increases generally outweighs the screening effect of having more electrons. With some irregularities, atoms therefore become smaller, ionization energy increases, and there is a gradual change in character, across a period, from strongly metallic, to weakly metallic, to weakly nonmetallic, to strongly nonmetallic elements. Going down a main group, the", "id": "5142301" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\nhaving 6 polar covalent (partly ionic) bonds made from only four orbitals on sulfur (one s and three p) in accordance with the octet rule, together with six orbitals on the fluorines. Similar calculations on transition-metal molecules show that the role of p orbitals is minor, so that one s and five d orbitals on the metal are sufficient to describe the bonding. For elements in the main groups of the periodic table, the valence can vary between 1 and 7. Many elements have a common valence related", "id": "5443593" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\n, Ge, Sb, Po) lie just below the line. The diagonal positioning of the metalloids represents an exception to the observation that elements with similar properties tend to occur in vertical groups. A related effect can be seen in other diagonal similarities between some elements and their lower right neighbours, specifically lithium-magnesium, beryllium-aluminium, and boron-silicon. Rayner-Canham has argued that these similarities extend to carbon-phosphorus, nitrogen-sulfur, and into three d-block series. This exception arises due", "id": "5142300" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nhave an electron affinity higher than all the alkali metals lighter than it. Relativistic effects also cause a very large drop in the polarisability of ununennium. On the other hand, ununennium is predicted to continue the trend of melting points decreasing going down the group, being expected to have a melting point between 0 °C and 30 °C. The stabilisation of ununennium's valence electron and thus the contraction of the 8s orbital cause its atomic radius to be lowered to 240 pm, very close to that of rubidium (247 pm", "id": "71789" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nbehaves like a noble gas, and thus is taken to be part of the group 18 elements. However, in terms of its nuclear structure it belongs to the s block, and is therefore sometimes classified as a group 2 element, or simultaneously both 2 and 18. Hydrogen readily loses and gains an electron, and so behaves chemically as both a group 1 and a group 17 element. Period 2 elements involve the 2s and 2p orbitals. They include the biologically most essential elements besides hydrogen: carbon, nitrogen, and", "id": "5268637" }, { "contents": "Group 9 element\n\n\nGroup 9 is a group (column) of chemical elements in the periodic table. Members are cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and meitnerium (Mt). These are all transition metals in the d-block. Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior; however, rhodium deviates from the pattern. \"Group 9\" is the modern standard designation for this group, adopted by", "id": "15956141" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nvisualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter. In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up (in approximation) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The repeating \"periodicity\" of the blocks of 2, 6, 10, and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s, p, d and f atomic orbitals, respectively, although for", "id": "861537" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nelectron in that \"s\"-sub shell in its ground state. The \"s\"-sub-shell in the valence shell is represented as the \"ns\" sub-shell, e.g. 4s. In the periodic table, the transition metals are present in eight groups (4 to 11), with some authors including some elements in groups 3 or 12. The elements in group 3 have an \"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d\" configuration. The first transition series is present in the 4th period, and starts after Ca (\"Z\" =", "id": "11651398" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nenergy. This will cause the electron shells to mix so that the block concept no longer applies very well, and will also result in novel chemical properties that will make positioning these elements in a periodic table very difficult. For example, element 164 is expected to mix characteristics of the elements of group 10, 12, 14, and 18. The first two elements of period 8 will be ununennium and unbinilium, elements 119 and 120. Their electron configurations should have the 8s orbital being filled. This orbital is relativistically stabilized", "id": "19154617" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\npairs of electrons; hence, the block includes ten columns in the periodic table. The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but is footnoted in 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals because they provide a transition between the s-block and d-block in the 6th and 7th row (period), in the same way that the d-block transition metals provide a transitional bridge between the s-block", "id": "2070048" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nnumber of electrons in a particular subshell fall into the same columns (e.g. oxygen and selenium are in the same column because they both have four electrons in the outermost p-subshell). Elements with similar chemical properties generally fall into the same group in the periodic table, although in the f-block, and to some respect in the d-block, the elements in the same period tend to have similar properties, as well. Thus, it is relatively easy to predict the chemical properties of an element if one", "id": "3472832" }, { "contents": "Roentgenium\n\n\ngroup 11 elements, copper, silver, and gold, all have an outer electron configuration nd(n+1)s. For each of these elements, the first excited state of their atoms has a configuration nd(n+1)s. Due to spin-orbit coupling between the d electrons, this state is split into a pair of energy levels. For copper, the difference in energy between the ground state and lowest excited state causes the metal to appear reddish. For silver, the energy gap widens and it becomes silvery. However, as the atomic number increases", "id": "14700092" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nat a noble-gas electronic configuration. As of 2016, a total of 118 elements have been discovered and confirmed. Modern quantum mechanics explains these periodic trends in properties in terms of electron shells. As atomic number increases, shells fill with electrons in approximately the order shown at right. The filling of each shell corresponds to a row in the table. In the s-block and p-block of the periodic table, elements within the same period generally do not exhibit trends and similarities in properties (vertical trends down", "id": "5268635" }, { "contents": "Nonmetal\n\n\nnoble gas at that. Radon trioxide (RnO) is expected to be acidic. Oganesson, the heaviest element on the periodic table, has only recently been synthesized. Owing to its short half-life, its chemical properties have not yet been investigated. Due to the significant relativistic destabilisation of the 7p orbitals, it is expected to be significantly reactive and behave more similarly to the group 14 elements, as it effectively has four valence electrons outside a pseudo-noble gas core. Its boiling point is expected to be about", "id": "13626148" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nalso dependent upon additional details of the atoms (see ). The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom increases with the atomic number. The electrons in the outermost shell, or \"valence electrons\", tend to be responsible for an element's chemical behavior. Elements that contain the same number of valence electrons can be grouped together and display similar chemical properties. For elements with high atomic number , the effects of relativity become more pronounced, and especially so for s electrons, which move at relativistic velocities as they penetrate", "id": "861610" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\n, such as its valence electron configuration and having a dominant +5 oxidation state, with the other group 5 elements, with a few anomalies due to relativistic effects. A limited investigation of dubnium chemistry has confirmed this. Solution chemistry experiments have revealed that dubnium often behaves more like niobium rather than tantalum, breaking periodic trends. Uranium, element 92, is the heaviest element to occur in significant quantity in nature; heavier elements can only be produced practically by synthesis. The first synthesis of a new element—neptunium, element 93—was", "id": "8430291" }, { "contents": "D electron count\n\n\nserious conflicts with experimental observations for transition metal centers under most ambient conditions. Under most conditions all of the valence electrons of a transition metal center are located in d orbitals while the standard model of electron configuration would predict some of them to be in the pertinent s orbital. The valence of a transition metal center can be described by standard quantum numbers. The Aufbau principle and Madelung's rule would predict for period \"n\" that the \"n\"s orbitals fill prior to the (\"n\" − 1)d orbitals. For example", "id": "6521603" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. By this definition all of the elements in groups 3–11 are transition metals. The IUPAC definition therefore excludes group 12, comprising zinc, cadmium and mercury, from the transition metals category. Some chemists treat the categories \"d-block elements\" and \"transition metals\" interchangeably, thereby including groups 3–12 among the transition metals. In this instance the group 12 elements are treated as a special case of transition metal in which the d electrons", "id": "3472905" }, { "contents": "Group 3 element\n\n\nGroup 3 is a group of elements in the periodic table. This group, like other d-block groups, should contain four elements, but it is not agreed what elements belong in the group. Scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) are always included, but the other two spaces are usually occupied by lanthanum (La) and actinium (Ac), or by lutetium (Lu) and lawrencium (Lr); less frequently, it is considered the group should be expanded to 32 elements (with all", "id": "10452969" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\n+1 and +2 oxidation states respectively. The 9s electrons should have ionization energies comparable to those of the 3s electrons of sodium and magnesium, due to relativistic effects causing the 9s electrons to be much more strongly bound than non-relativistic calculations would predict. Elements 165 and 166 should normally exhibit the +1 and +2 oxidation states respectively, although the ionization energies of the 7d electrons are low enough to allow higher oxidation states like +3 for element 165. The oxidation state +4 for element 166 is less likely, creating a situation similar", "id": "19154643" }, { "contents": "Oganesson\n\n\nelements. The members of this group are usually inert to most common chemical reactions (for example, combustion) because the outer valence shell is completely filled with eight electrons. This produces a stable, minimum energy configuration in which the outer electrons are tightly bound. It is thought that similarly, oganesson has a closed outer valence shell in which its valence electrons are arranged in a 7s7p configuration. Consequently, some expect oganesson to have similar physical and chemical properties to other members of its group, most closely resembling the noble gas", "id": "15996964" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\nNa or K). An alkaline earth metal of Group 2 (e.g., magnesium) is somewhat less reactive, because each atom must lose two valence electrons to form a positive ion with a closed shell (e.g., Mg). Within each group (each periodic table column) of metals, reactivity increases with each lower row of the table (from a light element to a heavier element), because a heavier element has more electron shells than a lighter element; a heavier element's valence electrons exist at higher principal", "id": "11942314" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\ngermanium, though gallium participates in semi-conductors such as gallium arsenide. Zinc and cadmium are electropositive while mercury is not. As a result, zinc and cadmium metal are good reducing agents. The elements of group 12 have an oxidation state of +2 in which the ions have the rather stable d electronic configuration, with a full sub-shell. However, mercury can easily be reduced to the +1 oxidation state; usually, as in the ion , two mercury(I) ions come together to form a metal-metal bond", "id": "15956160" }, { "contents": "Metallic bonding\n\n\nvalence electrons. The radii also increase down the group due to increase in principal quantum number. Between rows 3 and 4, the lanthanide contraction is observed – there is very little increase of the radius down the group due to the presence of poorly shielding f orbitals. The atoms in metals have a strong attractive force between them. Much energy is required to overcome it. Therefore, metals often have high boiling points, with tungsten (5828 K) being extremely high. A remarkable exception is the elements of the zinc group", "id": "20423263" }, { "contents": "Noble gas\n\n\nnoble gases are farther away from the nucleus and are therefore not held as tightly together by the atom. Noble gases have the largest ionization potential among the elements of each period, which reflects the stability of their electron configuration and is related to their relative lack of chemical reactivity. Some of the heavier noble gases, however, have ionization potentials small enough to be comparable to those of other elements and molecules. It was the insight that xenon has an ionization potential similar to that of the oxygen molecule that led Bartlett to attempt", "id": "1233453" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nThe p orbital consists of six lobed shapes coming from a central point at evenly spaced angles. The p orbital can hold a maximum of six electrons, hence there are six columns in the p-block. Elements in column 13, the first column of the p-block, have one p-orbital electron. Elements in column 14, the second column of the p-block, have two p-orbital electrons. The trend continues this way until column 18, which has six p-orbital electrons. They", "id": "2070045" }, { "contents": "Actinide chemistry\n\n\nActinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides. The actinides derive their name from the group 3 element actinium. The informal chemical symbol An is used in general discussions of actinide chemistry to refer to any actinide. All but one of the actinides are f-block elements, corresponding to the filling of the 5f electron shell; lawrencium, a d-block element, is also generally considered an actinide. In comparison with the lanthanides", "id": "8110499" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n) and the actinides (like actinium). Not everyone agrees on the exact membership of each set of elements. For example, some scientists regard the group 12 elements Zn, Cd and Hg as main group, rather than transition group, because they are chemically and physically more similar to the p-block elements than the other d-block elements. The group 3 elements are sometimes considered main group elements due to their similarities to the s-block elements. Groups (columns) in the f-block (between", "id": "2070041" }, { "contents": "Gallium(III) bromide\n\n\n, but when it forms the dimer GaBr the geometry around the Gallium center distorts to become roughly tetrahedral. As a solid, GaBr forms a monoclinic crystalline structure with a unit cell volume of 524.16Å. Additional specifications for this unit cell are as follows: A=8.87Å, B=5.64Å, C=11.01Å, α=90˚, β=107.81˚, γ=90˚ Gallium is the lightest Group 13 metal with a filled d-shell, and has an electronic configuration of (Ar 3d10 4s2 4p1) below the valence electrons that could take part in d-π bonding with ligands.", "id": "7203142" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\ngroups 3 and 4) are not numbered. Helium is from the s-block, with its outer (and only) electrons in the 1s atomic orbital, although its chemical properties are more similar to the p-block noble gases due to its full shell. The s-block is on the left side of the conventional periodic table and is composed of elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus the nonmetals hydrogen and helium. Their", "id": "2070042" } ]

[ { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nsum of the first three ionization potentials of gallium is higher than that of aluminium, whereas the trend in the group would be for it to be lower. The second table below shows the trend in the sum of the first three ionization potentials for the elements B, Al, Sc, Y, La. Sc, Y, La are group 3 elements and have three valence electrons above a noble gas electron core. In contrast to the group 13 elements this sequence shows a smooth reduction. Other effects of the d-block", "id": "18881600" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\ncontraction are that the Ga ion is smaller than expected, being closer in size to Al. Care must be taken in interpreting the ionization potentials for indium and thallium, other effects e.g. the inert pair effect become increasingly important for the heavier members of the group. The cause of the d-block contraction is the poor shielding of the nuclear charge by the electrons in the d orbitals. The outer valence electrons are more strongly attracted by the nucleus causing the observed increase in ionization potentials. The d-block contraction can be", "id": "18881601" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nThe d-block contraction (sometimes called scandide contraction) is a term used in chemistry to describe the effect of having full d orbitals on the period 4 elements. The elements in question are Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, and Kr. Their electronic configurations include completely filled d orbitals (d). d-block contraction is best illustrated by comparing some properties of the group 13 elements to highlight the effect on gallium. Gallium can be seen to be anomalous. The most obvious effect is that the", "id": "18881599" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelement 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. The d-block contraction, which is a similar effect between the d-block and p-block, is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar cause. The first ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove one electron from an atom, the second ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove a second electron from the atom, and so on. For a given atom, successive", "id": "3472853" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\n6th period come after d-block elements, but the electrons present in the intervening d- (and f-) orbitals do not effectively shield the s-electrons of the valence shell. As a result, the \"inert pair\" of ns electrons remains more tightly held by the nucleus and hence participates less in bond formation . Consider as an example thallium (Tl) in group 13. The +1 oxidation state of Tl is the most stable, while Tl compounds are comparatively rare. The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases", "id": "9776231" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements (which have a greater nuclear charge but the same number of valence electrons), and the periodic trends down group 2 from beryllium to radium (similar to that of the alkali metals) are not as smooth when going down from beryllium to mercury (which is more similar to that of the p-block main groups) due to the d-block and lanthanide contractions. It is also the d-block and lanthanide contractions that give mercury many of its distinctive properties. All three metal ions form many tetrahedral species", "id": "15956168" }, { "contents": "Arsenic pentachloride\n\n\nthe elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed", "id": "16441988" }, { "contents": "Electronegativity\n\n\nthat caesium fluoride is the compound whose bonding features the most ionic character. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon, respectively, because of the d-block contraction. Elements of the fourth period immediately after the first row of the transition metals have unusually small atomic radii because the 3d-electrons are not effective at shielding the increased nuclear charge, and smaller atomic size correlates with higher electronegativity (see Allred-Rochow electronegativity, Sanderson electronegativity above). The anomalously", "id": "9632944" }, { "contents": "Aluminium(I)\n\n\nIn chemistry, aluminium(I) refers to monovalent aluminium (+1 oxidation state) in both ionic and covalent bonds. Along with aluminium(II), it is an extremely unstable form of aluminium. While late Group 3 elements such as thallium and indium prefer the +1 oxidation state, aluminium(I) is rare. Unlike late Group XIII elements, aluminium does not experience the inert pair effect, a phenomenon where valence s electrons are poorly shielded from nuclear charge due to the presence of filled d and f orbitals. As such, aluminium (III", "id": "11991348" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelectronegativity, the more an element attracts electrons. It was first proposed by Linus Pauling in 1932. In general, electronegativity increases on passing from left to right along a period, and decreases on descending a group. Hence, fluorine is the most electronegative of the elements, while caesium is the least, at least of those elements for which substantial data is available. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon respectively because of the d-block contraction. Elements of", "id": "3472856" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\na stable ion with an incomplete d subshell. Since the electrons added fill the orbitals, the properties of the \"d\"-block elements are quite different from those of \"s\" and \"p\" block elements in which the filling occurs either in \"s\" or in \"p\"-orbitals of the valence shell. The electronic configuration of the individual elements present in all the d-block series are given below: A careful look at the electronic configuration of the elements reveals that there are certain exceptions, for example Cr and Cu.", "id": "11651400" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nThe term \"inert pair effect\" is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation states that are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15 and 16. The term \"inert pair\" was first proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927. The name suggests that the outermost \"s\" electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus in these atoms, and therefore more difficult to ionize or share. For example, the p-block elements of the 4th, 5th and", "id": "9776230" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshielding by d and f electrons. A uniform decrease in electron affinity only applies to group 1 atoms. The lower the values of ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity, the more metallic character the element has. Conversely, nonmetallic character increases with higher values of these properties. Given the periodic trends of these three properties, metallic character tends to decrease going across a period (or row) and, with some irregularities (mostly) due to poor screening of the nucleus by d and f electrons, and relativistic effects,", "id": "3472860" }, { "contents": "Lead\n\n\na group, as an element's outer electrons become more distant from the nucleus, and more shielded by smaller orbitals. The similarity of ionization energies is caused by the lanthanide contraction—the decrease in element radii from lanthanum (atomic number 57) to lutetium (71), and the relatively small radii of the elements from hafnium (72) onwards. This is due to poor shielding of the nucleus by the lanthanide 4f electrons. The sum of the first four ionization energies of lead exceeds that of tin, contrary to", "id": "17864701" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nthe screening electrons near the core of high- atoms. This relativistic increase in momentum for high speed electrons causes a corresponding decrease in wavelength and contraction of 6s orbitals relative to 5d orbitals (by comparison to corresponding s and d electrons in lighter elements in the same column of the periodic table); this results in 6s valence electrons becoming lowered in energy. Examples of significant physical outcomes of this effect include the lowered melting temperature of mercury (which results from 6s electrons not being available for metal bonding) and the golden color of", "id": "861611" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\n, electrons already present shield the outer electrons from nuclear charge, making them experience a lower effective charge on the nucleus. The shielding effect exerted by the inner electrons decreases in the order \"s\" \"p\" \"d\" \"f\". Usually, as a particular subshell is filled in a period, atomic radius decreases. This effect is particularly pronounced in the case of lanthanides, as the 4\"f\" subshell which is filled across these elements is not very effective at shielding the outer shell (n=5 and n=6)", "id": "13657314" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nblock. In the \"d\"-block the atoms of the elements have between 1 and 10 \"d\" electrons. The elements of groups 4–11 are generally recognized as transition metals, justified by their typical chemistry, i.e. a large range of complex ions in various oxidation states, colored complexes, and catalytic properties either as the element or as ions (or both). Sc and Y in group 3 are also generally recognized as transition metals. However, the elements La–Lu and Ac–Lr and group 12 attract different definitions", "id": "11651392" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nin the following sequence: The same trend in stability is noted in groups 14, 15 and 16. The heaviest members of each group, i.e. lead, bismuth and polonium are comparatively stable in oxidation states +2, +3, and +4 respectively. The lower oxidation state in each of the elements in question has 2 valence electrons in s - orbitals. On the face of it, a simple explanation could be that the valence electrons in an s orbital are more tightly bound and are of lower energy than electrons in p orbitals", "id": "9776232" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. The block names (s, p, d and f) are derived from the spectroscopic notation for the associated atomic orbitals: sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental. There is an approximate correspondence between this nomenclature of blocks, based on electronic configuration, and groupings of elements based on chemical properties. The s-block and p-block together are usually considered main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, and the f-block encompasses nearly all of the lanthanides (like lanthanum", "id": "2070040" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nare mostly covalent in nature. They show variable oxidation states. The reactivity of elements in a group generally decreases downwards. The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties in simple incomplete d orbitals. Transition basically means d orbital lies between s and p orbitals and shows a transition from properties of s to p. The d-block", "id": "2070046" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nand p-block in the 4th and 5th rows. The known f-block elements come in two series, the lanthanides of period 6 and the radioactive actinides of period 7. All are metals. Because the f-orbital electrons are less active in determining the chemistry of these elements, their chemical properties are mostly determined by outer s-orbital electrons. Consequently, there is much less chemical variability within the f-block than within the s-, p-, or d-blocks. The f-block elements are", "id": "2070049" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\nreferred to as, respectively, the 'scandide' or 'd-block contraction', and the 'lanthanide contraction'. Relativistic effects also \"increase the binding energy\", and hence ionisation energy, of the electrons in \"the 6s shell in gold and mercury, and the 6p shell in subsequent elements of period 6.\" The origin of the term \"post-transition metal\" is unclear. An early usage is recorded by Deming, in 1940, in his well-known book \"Fundamental Chemistry.", "id": "19783910" }, { "contents": "Atomic radius\n\n\nthe elements immediately above them. Hence hafnium has virtually the same atomic radius (and chemistry) as zirconium, and tantalum has an atomic radius similar to niobium, and so forth. The effect of the lanthanide contraction is noticeable up to platinum (\"Z\" = 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. Due to lanthanide contraction, the 5 following observations can be drawn: The d-block contraction is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar", "id": "4346523" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block. Their general valence configuration is \"n\"s \"n\"p. This block contains a variety of elements and is the only block that contains all three types of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Generally, the p-block elements are best described in terms of element type or group. The p-block elements are unified by the fact that their valence electrons (outermost electrons) are in the p orbital.", "id": "2070044" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nare on the right side of the d-block, from group 8 to 11 (and 12 if it is counted as transition metals). The general electronic configuration of the \"d\"-block elements is [Inert gas] (\"n\" − 1)\"d\"\"n s\". The period 6 and 7 transition metals also add (\"n\" − 2)\"f\" electrons, which are omitted from the tables below. The Madelung rule predicts that the typical electronic structure of transition metal atoms can be written as [inert gas]\"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d", "id": "11651396" }, { "contents": "Boron group\n\n\nThe boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, comprising boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and perhaps also the chemically uncharacterized nihonium (Nh). The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three electrons in their outer energy levels (valence layers). These elements have also been referred to as the triels. Boron is classified as a typical non-metal while the rest, with the", "id": "14490374" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nan increasing distance between valence electrons and the nucleus. There are exceptions to these trends: for example, in group 11, electronegativity increases farther down the group. A \"period\" is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups generally have more significant periodic trends, there are regions where horizontal trends are more significant than vertical group trends, such as the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy", "id": "3472840" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nA block of the periodic table is a set of chemical elements having their differentiating electrons predominately in the same atomic orbital type. A differentiating electron is the electron that differentiates an element from the previous one. For example, sodium [Na] 3s, when compared to neon [He] 2s2p, has an s- differentiating electron. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet. Each block is named after its characteristic orbital: s-block; p-block; d-block; and f-block", "id": "2070039" }, { "contents": "Resonance (chemistry)\n\n\nfor H and He and effectively for Li as well. The issue of expansion of the valence shell of third period and heavier main group elements is controversial. A Lewis structure in which a central atom has a valence electron count greater than eight traditionally implies the participation of d orbitals in bonding. However, the consensus opinion is that while they may make a marginal contribution, the participation of d orbitals is unimportant, and the bonding of so-called hypervalent molecules are, for the most part, better explained by charge-", "id": "277035" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natom on gaining an electron because it obtains a filled valence shell and is therefore more stable. A trend of decreasing electron affinity going down groups would be expected. The additional electron will be entering an orbital farther away from the nucleus. As such this electron would be less attracted to the nucleus and would release less energy when added. In going down a group, around one-third of elements are anomalous, with heavier elements having higher electron affinities than their next lighter congenors. Largely, this is due to the poor", "id": "3472859" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements in group 12 are usually considered to be d-block elements, but not transition elements as the d-shell is full. Some authors classify these elements as main-group elements because the valence electrons are in ns orbitals. Nevertheless, they share many characteristics with the neighboring group 11 elements on the periodic table, which are almost universally considered to be transition elements. For example, zinc shares many characteristics with the neighboring transition metal, copper. Zinc complexes merit inclusion in the Irving-Williams series as zinc forms", "id": "15956162" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\ncontract, ionisation energies increase, fewer electrons become available for metallic bonding, and \"ions [become] smaller and more polarizing and more prone to covalency.\" This phenomenon is more evident in period 4–6 post-transition metals, due to inefficient screening of their nuclear charges by their d and (in the case of the period 6 metals) f electron configurations; the screening power of electrons decreases in the sequence s p d f. The reductions in atomic size due to the interjection of the d- and f-blocks are", "id": "19783909" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nshielding of electrons from the core charge of the nucleus. For this reason ionization energy is lower for elements lower down in a group, and polarizability of species is higher for elements lower down in a group. The valency does not change going down a group since the bonding behavior is not affected by the core electrons. However, non-bonding interactions such as those just cited are affected by core electrons. Metallic properties increase down groups as decreasing attraction between the nuclei and the outermost electrons causes the outermost electrons to be loosely", "id": "9088962" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nelements are all metals which exhibit two or more ways of forming chemical bonds. Because there is a relatively small difference in the energy of the different d-orbital electrons, the number of electrons participating in chemical bonding can vary. This results in the same element exhibiting two or more oxidation states, which determines the type and number of its nearest neighbors in chemical compounds. The d-block elements are unified by mostly having one or more chemically active d-orbital electrons. The d-orbitals can contain up to five", "id": "2070047" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\nThe lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium. The term was coined by the Norwegian geochemist Victor Goldschmidt in his series \"Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente\". The effect results from poor shielding of nuclear charge (nuclear attractive force on electrons) by 4f electrons; the 6s electrons are drawn towards the nucleus", "id": "13657312" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nd-like orbitals occupied by the six electrons are no longer identical with the d orbitals of the free atom. There are several more exceptions to Madelung's rule among the heavier elements, and as atomic number increases it becomes more and more difficult to find simple explanations such as the stability of half-filled subshells. It is possible to predict most of the exceptions by Hartree–Fock calculations, which are an approximate method for taking account of the effect of the other electrons on orbital energies. For the heavier elements,", "id": "18614792" }, { "contents": "Ytterbium(III) chloride\n\n\nmuch smaller with increasing effective nuclear charge as a consequence of the \"f\" electrons not being as well shielded as \"d\" electrons. This behavior is known as the lanthanide contraction. The small size of Yb produces fast catalytic behavior and an atomic radius (0.99 Å) comparable to many biologically important ions. The gas-phase thermodynamic properties of this chemical are difficult to determine because the chemical can disproportionate to form [YbCl] or dimerize. The YbCl species was detected by electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry as", "id": "21610848" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nlonger distance between the nucleus and the valence electron shell, thereby decreasing the attraction, making the atom have less of an attraction for electrons or protons. However, in the group 13 elements electronegativity increases from aluminium to thallium, and in group 14 electronegativity of lead is lower than that of tin. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron shell of an isolated atom of an element. Sometimes, it is also regarded as the basis of Modern Periodic Table. In a period, the number of valence electrons increases (", "id": "9088960" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\n, in which main-group elements have apparent valences greater than the maximal of 4 allowed by the octet rule. For example, in the sulfur hexafluoride molecule (SF), Pauling considered that the sulfur forms 6 true two-electron bonds using spd hybrid atomic orbitals, which combine one s, three p and two d orbitals. However more recently, quantum-mechanical calculations on this and similar molecules have shown that the role of d orbitals in the bonding is minimal, and that the SF molecule should be described as", "id": "5443592" }, { "contents": "Compounds of fluorine\n\n\nelectron per atom, as are other halogen X molecules. However, the heavier halogens' p electron orbitals partly mix with those of d orbitals, which results in an increased effective bond order; for example, chlorine has a bond order of 1.12. Fluorine's electrons cannot exhibit this d character since there are no such d orbitals close in energy to fluorine's valence orbitals. This also helps explain why bonding in F is weaker than in Cl. Reactions with elemental fluorine are often sudden or explosive. Many substances that", "id": "21755143" }, { "contents": "Acceptor (semiconductors)\n\n\nIn semiconductor physics, an acceptor is a dopant atom that when added to a semiconductor can form a p-type region. For example, when silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, needs to be doped as a p-type semiconductor, elements from group III like boron (B) or aluminium (Al), having three valence electrons, can be used. The latter elements are also called trivalent impurities. Other trivalent dopants include indium (In) and gallium (Ga). When substituting for a", "id": "14124918" }, { "contents": "Carbon group\n\n\n, or (not coincidentally) from the fact that these elements have four valence electrons (see below). Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior: Each of the elements in this group has 4 electrons in its outer orbital (the atom's top energy level). The last orbital of all these elements is the p orbital. In most cases, the elements share their electrons. The tendency to lose electrons increases", "id": "12572907" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nalways feels the same effective nuclear charge (+1), the only factor which affects the first ionisation energy is the distance from the outermost electron to the nucleus. Since this distance increases down the group, the outermost electron feels less attraction from the nucleus and thus the first ionisation energy decreases. (This trend is broken in francium due to the relativistic stabilisation and contraction of the 7s orbital, bringing francium's valence electron closer to the nucleus than would be expected from non-relativistic calculations. This makes francium's outermost electron", "id": "71727" }, { "contents": "Indium\n\n\nis attributed to the inert pair effect, in which relativistic effects stabilize the 5s-orbital, observed in heavier elements. Thallium (indium's heavier homolog) shows an even stronger effect, causing oxidation to thallium(I) to be more probable than to thallium(III), whereas gallium (indium's lighter homolog) commonly shows only the +3 oxidation state. Thus, although thallium(III) is a moderately strong oxidizing agent, indium(III) is not, and many indium(I) compounds are powerful reducing agents. While the energy required to include the", "id": "14895372" }, { "contents": "Shielding effect\n\n\nIn general we can order the electron shells (s,p,d,f) as such where \"S\" is the screening strength that a given orbital provides to the rest of the electrons. In hydrogen, or any other atom in group 1A of the periodic table (those with only one valence electron), the force on the electron is just as large as the electromagnetic attraction from the nucleus of the atom. However, when more electrons are involved, each electron (in the \"n\"-shell) experiences not", "id": "14750612" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nzinc, cadmium and mercury are sometimes regarded as linking the \"d\" block to the \"p\" block. Notionally they are \"d\" block elements but they have few transition metal properties and are more like their \"p\" block neighbors in group 13. The relatively inert noble gases, in group 18, bridge the most reactive groups of elements in the periodic table—the halogens in group 17 and the alkali metals in group 1. In 1789, Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33 chemical elements, grouping", "id": "3472864" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\n, the concept of the valence electron is less useful for a transition metal than for a main group element; the d electron count is an alternative tool for understanding the chemistry of a transition metal. The number of electrons in an atom's outermost valence shell governs its bonding behavior. Therefore, elements whose atoms can have the same number of valence electrons are grouped together in the periodic table of the elements. As a general rule, a main group element (except hydrogen or helium) tends to react to form a closed", "id": "11942312" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide\n\n\nlanthanum or lutetium is considered a d-block element, but is included due to its chemical similarities with the other 14. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum to lutetium. They are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum. Both lanthanum and lutetium have been labeled as group 3 elements, because they have a single valence electron in the 5d shell. However, both elements are often included in discussions", "id": "18665634" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\nhave only been performed on single atoms. A direct relativistic effect is that as the atomic numbers of elements increase, the innermost electrons begin to revolve faster around the nucleus as a result of an increase of electromagnetic attraction between an electron and a nucleus. Similar effects have been found for the outermost s orbitals (and p ones, though in dubnium they are not occupied): for example, the 7s orbital contracts by 25% in size and is stabilized by 2.6 eV. A more indirect effect is that the contracted s and", "id": "8430315" }, { "contents": "Gallium trichloride\n\n\ntwo bridging chlorides. Its structure resembles that of aluminium tribromide. In contrast AlCl and InCl feature contain 6 coordinate metal centers. As a consequence of its molecular nature and associated low lattice energy, gallium trichloride has a lower melting point vs the aluminium and indium trihalides. The formula of GaCl is often written as Ga(μ-Cl)Cl. In the gas phase the dimers dissociate to trigonal planar monomers. Gallium is the lightest member of Group 13 to have a full \"d\" shell, (gallium has the electronic configuration Ar 3\"d\"10", "id": "8779707" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nmetallic radii of cadmium and mercury is an effect of the lanthanide contraction. So, the trend in this group is unlike the trend in group 2, the alkaline earths, where metallic radius increases smoothly from top to bottom of the group. All three metals have relatively low melting and boiling points, indicating that the metallic bond is relatively weak, with relatively little overlap between the valence band and the conduction band. Thus, zinc is close to the boundary between metallic and metalloid elements, which is usually placed between gallium and", "id": "15956159" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nthe atomic nucleus, as in the shell model of nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. For example, all the elements of group 2 have an electron configuration of [E] \"n\"s (where [E] is an inert gas configuration), and have notable similarities in their chemical properties. In general, the periodicity of the periodic table in terms of periodic table blocks is clearly due to the number of electrons (", "id": "18614780" }, { "contents": "Noble gas compound\n\n\n. The heavier noble gases have more electron shells than the lighter ones. Hence, the outermost electrons are subject to a shielding effect from the inner electrons that makes them more easily ionized, since they are less strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This results in an ionization energy low enough to form stable compounds with the most electronegative elements, fluorine and oxygen, and even with less electronegative elements such as nitrogen and carbon under certain circumstances. When the family of noble gases was first identified at the end of the nineteenth", "id": "3900654" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nnon-equilibrium conditions and is at odds to mercury's more typical chemistry, and Jensen has suggested that it would be better to regard mercury as not being a transition metal. Although group 12 lies in the d-block of the modern 18-column periodic table, the d electrons of zinc, cadmium, and (almost always) mercury behave as core electrons and do not take part in bonding. This behavior is similar to that of the main-group elements, but is in stark contrast to that of the neighboring group", "id": "15956165" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nin which the \"d\"-orbitals are not involved. This is because in a transition series, the valence shell electronic configuration of the elements do not change. However, there are some group similarities as well. There are a number of properties shared by the transition elements that are not found in other elements, which results from the partially filled \"d\" shell. These include Most transition metals can be bound to a variety of ligands, allowing for a wide variety of transition metal complexes. Colour in transition-series metal compounds", "id": "11651402" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nand therefore less likely to be involved in bonding. Unfortunately this explanation does not stand up. If the total ionization potentials (IP) (see below) of the 2 electrons in s orbitals (the 2nd + 3rd ionization potentials), are examined it can be seen that they increase in the sequence: An important consideration is that compounds in the lower oxidation state are ionic, whereas the compounds in the higher oxidation state tend to be covalent. Therefore, covalency effects must also be taken into account. In fact an", "id": "9776233" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nrelativistic effects may cause some of its properties to differ from those expected from a straight application of periodic trends. For example, unbiunium is expected to have a sp valence electron configuration instead of the sd of its lighter congeners in group 3, but this is not expected to significantly affect its chemistry, which is predicted to be that of a normal group 3 element; it would on the other hand significantly lower its first ionisation energy beyond what would be expected from periodic trends. Transactinide elements, such as unbiunium, are produced", "id": "8897625" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nto the lighter elements in groups 11 and 12 (particularly gold and mercury). As with mercury but not copernicium, ionization of element 166 to Uhh is expected to result in a 7d configuration corresponding to the loss of the s-electrons but not the d-electrons, making it more analogous to the lighter \"less relativistic\" group 12 elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury, which have essentially no transition-metal character. The next six elements on the periodic table should be the last main-group elements in", "id": "19154644" }, { "contents": "Unpaired electron\n\n\nunpaired electrons are stabilised by delocalisation. In contrast, radicals in d- and f-block chemistry are very common. The less directional, more diffuse d and f orbitals, in which unpaired electrons reside, overlap less effectively, form weaker bonds and thus dimerisation is generally disfavoured. These d and f orbitals also have comparatively smaller radial extension, disfavouring overlap to form dimers. Relatively more stable entities with unpaired electrons do exist, e.g. the nitric oxide molecule has one. According to Hund's rule, the spins of unpaired electrons", "id": "15135442" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natoms). A \"group\" or \"family\" is a vertical column in the periodic table. Groups usually have more significant periodic trends than periods and blocks, explained below. Modern quantum mechanical theories of atomic structure explain group trends by proposing that elements within the same group generally have the same electron configurations in their valence shell. Consequently, elements in the same group tend to have a shared chemistry and exhibit a clear trend in properties with increasing atomic number. In some parts of the periodic table, such as the", "id": "3472835" }, { "contents": "Electron shell\n\n\ngives the elements arranged by increasing atomic number and shows the number of electrons per shell. At a glance, one can see that subsets of the list show obvious patterns. In particular, the seven elements (in ) before a noble gas (group 18, in ) higher than helium have the number of electrons in the valence shell in arithmetic progression. (However, this pattern may break down in the seventh period due to relativistic effects.) Sorting the table by chemical group shows additional patterns, especially with respect to", "id": "19678744" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nof radial nodes in the 4f orbitals contribute to their core-like behavior in the lanthanide series, unlike the more valence-like 5f orbitals in the actinides; however, the relativistic expansion and destabilization of the 5g orbitals should partially compensate for their lack of radial nodes and hence smaller extent. While the lighter group 3 elements fill d-orbitals (Sc, [Ar]3d4s; Y, [Kr]4d5s; La, [Xe]5d6s; Ac, [Rn]6d7s), unbiunium is expected to fill the 8p orbital instead due to", "id": "8897650" }, { "contents": "Ionic bonding\n\n\nelement (usually nonmetal) with greater electron affinity accepts the electron(s) to attain a stable electron configuration, and after accepting electron(s) an atom becomes an anion. Typically, the stable electron configuration is one of the noble gases for elements in the s-block and the p-block, and particular stable electron configurations for d-block and f-block elements. The electrostatic attraction between the anions and cations leads to the formation of a solid with a crystallographic lattice in which the ions are stacked in an alternating fashion", "id": "15052078" }, { "contents": "Ion\n\n\nis exhausted of electrons. For this reason, ions tend to form in ways that leave them with full orbital blocks. For example, sodium has one \"valence electron\" in its outermost shell, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one lost electron, as . On the other side of the periodic table, chlorine has seven valence electrons, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one gained electron, as . Caesium has the lowest measured ionization energy of all the elements and helium has the greatest.", "id": "236384" }, { "contents": "Group (periodic table)\n\n\nIn chemistry, a group (also known as a family) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table, and the f-block columns (between groups 3 and 4) are not numbered. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms (i.e., the same core charge), as most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron. There are three systems", "id": "5268529" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\n20) of group-2 with the configuration [Ar]4\"s\", or scandium (Sc), the first element of group 3 with atomic number \"Z\" = 21 and configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\", depending on the definition used. As we move from left to right, electrons are added to the same \"d\"-sub-shell till it is complete. The element of group 11 in the first transition series is copper (Cu) with an atypical configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\". Despite the filled d subshell in metallic copper it nevertheless forms", "id": "11651399" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\np orbitals shield the charge of the nucleus more effectively, leaving less for the outer d and f electrons, which therefore move in larger orbitals. Dubnium is greatly affected by this: unlike the previous group 5 members, its 7s electrons are slightly more difficult to extract than its 6d electrons. Another effect is the spin–orbit interaction, particularly spin–orbit splitting, which splits the 6d subshell—the azimuthal quantum number ℓ of a d shell is 2—into two subshells, with four of the ten orbitals having their ℓ", "id": "8430316" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nand/or vertical trends. Elements in the same group tend to show patterns in atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. From top to bottom in a group, the atomic radii of the elements increase. Since there are more filled energy levels, valence electrons are found farther from the nucleus. From the top, each successive element has a lower ionization energy because it is easier to remove an electron since the atoms are less tightly bound. Similarly, a group has a top-to-bottom decrease in electronegativity due to", "id": "3472839" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nelectron configuration shows clear analogies with palladium with its 4d5s electron configuration. The noble metals of this series of transition metals are not expected to be as noble as their lighter homologues, due to the absence of an outer \"s\" shell for shielding and also because the 7d shell is strongly split into two subshells due to relativistic effects. This causes the first ionization energies of the 7d transition metals to be smaller than those of their lighter congeners. Calculations predict that the 7d electrons of element 164 (unhexquadium) should participate very", "id": "19154637" }, { "contents": "Bent's rule\n\n\n. Bent's rule can be generalized to d-block elements as well. The hybridisation of a metal center is arranged so that orbitals with more s character are directed towards ligands that form bonds with more covalent character. Equivalently, orbitals with more d character are directed towards groups that form bonds of greater ionic character. The validity of Bent's rule for 75 bond types between the main group elements was examined recently. For bonds with the larger atoms from the lower periods, trends in orbital hybridization depend strongly on both electronegativity", "id": "1746559" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\nto competing horizontal and vertical trends in the nuclear charge. Going along a period, the nuclear charge increases with atomic number as do the number of electrons. The additional pull on outer electrons as nuclear charge increases generally outweighs the screening effect of having more electrons. With some irregularities, atoms therefore become smaller, ionization energy increases, and there is a gradual change in character, across a period, from strongly metallic, to weakly metallic, to weakly nonmetallic, to strongly nonmetallic elements. Going down a main group, the", "id": "5142301" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\nhaving 6 polar covalent (partly ionic) bonds made from only four orbitals on sulfur (one s and three p) in accordance with the octet rule, together with six orbitals on the fluorines. Similar calculations on transition-metal molecules show that the role of p orbitals is minor, so that one s and five d orbitals on the metal are sufficient to describe the bonding. For elements in the main groups of the periodic table, the valence can vary between 1 and 7. Many elements have a common valence related", "id": "5443593" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\n, Ge, Sb, Po) lie just below the line. The diagonal positioning of the metalloids represents an exception to the observation that elements with similar properties tend to occur in vertical groups. A related effect can be seen in other diagonal similarities between some elements and their lower right neighbours, specifically lithium-magnesium, beryllium-aluminium, and boron-silicon. Rayner-Canham has argued that these similarities extend to carbon-phosphorus, nitrogen-sulfur, and into three d-block series. This exception arises due", "id": "5142300" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nhave an electron affinity higher than all the alkali metals lighter than it. Relativistic effects also cause a very large drop in the polarisability of ununennium. On the other hand, ununennium is predicted to continue the trend of melting points decreasing going down the group, being expected to have a melting point between 0 °C and 30 °C. The stabilisation of ununennium's valence electron and thus the contraction of the 8s orbital cause its atomic radius to be lowered to 240 pm, very close to that of rubidium (247 pm", "id": "71789" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nbehaves like a noble gas, and thus is taken to be part of the group 18 elements. However, in terms of its nuclear structure it belongs to the s block, and is therefore sometimes classified as a group 2 element, or simultaneously both 2 and 18. Hydrogen readily loses and gains an electron, and so behaves chemically as both a group 1 and a group 17 element. Period 2 elements involve the 2s and 2p orbitals. They include the biologically most essential elements besides hydrogen: carbon, nitrogen, and", "id": "5268637" }, { "contents": "Group 9 element\n\n\nGroup 9 is a group (column) of chemical elements in the periodic table. Members are cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and meitnerium (Mt). These are all transition metals in the d-block. Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior; however, rhodium deviates from the pattern. \"Group 9\" is the modern standard designation for this group, adopted by", "id": "15956141" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nvisualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter. In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up (in approximation) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The repeating \"periodicity\" of the blocks of 2, 6, 10, and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s, p, d and f atomic orbitals, respectively, although for", "id": "861537" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nelectron in that \"s\"-sub shell in its ground state. The \"s\"-sub-shell in the valence shell is represented as the \"ns\" sub-shell, e.g. 4s. In the periodic table, the transition metals are present in eight groups (4 to 11), with some authors including some elements in groups 3 or 12. The elements in group 3 have an \"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d\" configuration. The first transition series is present in the 4th period, and starts after Ca (\"Z\" =", "id": "11651398" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nenergy. This will cause the electron shells to mix so that the block concept no longer applies very well, and will also result in novel chemical properties that will make positioning these elements in a periodic table very difficult. For example, element 164 is expected to mix characteristics of the elements of group 10, 12, 14, and 18. The first two elements of period 8 will be ununennium and unbinilium, elements 119 and 120. Their electron configurations should have the 8s orbital being filled. This orbital is relativistically stabilized", "id": "19154617" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\npairs of electrons; hence, the block includes ten columns in the periodic table. The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but is footnoted in 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals because they provide a transition between the s-block and d-block in the 6th and 7th row (period), in the same way that the d-block transition metals provide a transitional bridge between the s-block", "id": "2070048" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nnumber of electrons in a particular subshell fall into the same columns (e.g. oxygen and selenium are in the same column because they both have four electrons in the outermost p-subshell). Elements with similar chemical properties generally fall into the same group in the periodic table, although in the f-block, and to some respect in the d-block, the elements in the same period tend to have similar properties, as well. Thus, it is relatively easy to predict the chemical properties of an element if one", "id": "3472832" }, { "contents": "Roentgenium\n\n\ngroup 11 elements, copper, silver, and gold, all have an outer electron configuration nd(n+1)s. For each of these elements, the first excited state of their atoms has a configuration nd(n+1)s. Due to spin-orbit coupling between the d electrons, this state is split into a pair of energy levels. For copper, the difference in energy between the ground state and lowest excited state causes the metal to appear reddish. For silver, the energy gap widens and it becomes silvery. However, as the atomic number increases", "id": "14700092" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nat a noble-gas electronic configuration. As of 2016, a total of 118 elements have been discovered and confirmed. Modern quantum mechanics explains these periodic trends in properties in terms of electron shells. As atomic number increases, shells fill with electrons in approximately the order shown at right. The filling of each shell corresponds to a row in the table. In the s-block and p-block of the periodic table, elements within the same period generally do not exhibit trends and similarities in properties (vertical trends down", "id": "5268635" }, { "contents": "Nonmetal\n\n\nnoble gas at that. Radon trioxide (RnO) is expected to be acidic. Oganesson, the heaviest element on the periodic table, has only recently been synthesized. Owing to its short half-life, its chemical properties have not yet been investigated. Due to the significant relativistic destabilisation of the 7p orbitals, it is expected to be significantly reactive and behave more similarly to the group 14 elements, as it effectively has four valence electrons outside a pseudo-noble gas core. Its boiling point is expected to be about", "id": "13626148" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nalso dependent upon additional details of the atoms (see ). The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom increases with the atomic number. The electrons in the outermost shell, or \"valence electrons\", tend to be responsible for an element's chemical behavior. Elements that contain the same number of valence electrons can be grouped together and display similar chemical properties. For elements with high atomic number , the effects of relativity become more pronounced, and especially so for s electrons, which move at relativistic velocities as they penetrate", "id": "861610" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\n, such as its valence electron configuration and having a dominant +5 oxidation state, with the other group 5 elements, with a few anomalies due to relativistic effects. A limited investigation of dubnium chemistry has confirmed this. Solution chemistry experiments have revealed that dubnium often behaves more like niobium rather than tantalum, breaking periodic trends. Uranium, element 92, is the heaviest element to occur in significant quantity in nature; heavier elements can only be produced practically by synthesis. The first synthesis of a new element—neptunium, element 93—was", "id": "8430291" }, { "contents": "D electron count\n\n\nserious conflicts with experimental observations for transition metal centers under most ambient conditions. Under most conditions all of the valence electrons of a transition metal center are located in d orbitals while the standard model of electron configuration would predict some of them to be in the pertinent s orbital. The valence of a transition metal center can be described by standard quantum numbers. The Aufbau principle and Madelung's rule would predict for period \"n\" that the \"n\"s orbitals fill prior to the (\"n\" − 1)d orbitals. For example", "id": "6521603" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. By this definition all of the elements in groups 3–11 are transition metals. The IUPAC definition therefore excludes group 12, comprising zinc, cadmium and mercury, from the transition metals category. Some chemists treat the categories \"d-block elements\" and \"transition metals\" interchangeably, thereby including groups 3–12 among the transition metals. In this instance the group 12 elements are treated as a special case of transition metal in which the d electrons", "id": "3472905" }, { "contents": "Group 3 element\n\n\nGroup 3 is a group of elements in the periodic table. This group, like other d-block groups, should contain four elements, but it is not agreed what elements belong in the group. Scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) are always included, but the other two spaces are usually occupied by lanthanum (La) and actinium (Ac), or by lutetium (Lu) and lawrencium (Lr); less frequently, it is considered the group should be expanded to 32 elements (with all", "id": "10452969" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\n+1 and +2 oxidation states respectively. The 9s electrons should have ionization energies comparable to those of the 3s electrons of sodium and magnesium, due to relativistic effects causing the 9s electrons to be much more strongly bound than non-relativistic calculations would predict. Elements 165 and 166 should normally exhibit the +1 and +2 oxidation states respectively, although the ionization energies of the 7d electrons are low enough to allow higher oxidation states like +3 for element 165. The oxidation state +4 for element 166 is less likely, creating a situation similar", "id": "19154643" }, { "contents": "Oganesson\n\n\nelements. The members of this group are usually inert to most common chemical reactions (for example, combustion) because the outer valence shell is completely filled with eight electrons. This produces a stable, minimum energy configuration in which the outer electrons are tightly bound. It is thought that similarly, oganesson has a closed outer valence shell in which its valence electrons are arranged in a 7s7p configuration. Consequently, some expect oganesson to have similar physical and chemical properties to other members of its group, most closely resembling the noble gas", "id": "15996964" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\nNa or K). An alkaline earth metal of Group 2 (e.g., magnesium) is somewhat less reactive, because each atom must lose two valence electrons to form a positive ion with a closed shell (e.g., Mg). Within each group (each periodic table column) of metals, reactivity increases with each lower row of the table (from a light element to a heavier element), because a heavier element has more electron shells than a lighter element; a heavier element's valence electrons exist at higher principal", "id": "11942314" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\ngermanium, though gallium participates in semi-conductors such as gallium arsenide. Zinc and cadmium are electropositive while mercury is not. As a result, zinc and cadmium metal are good reducing agents. The elements of group 12 have an oxidation state of +2 in which the ions have the rather stable d electronic configuration, with a full sub-shell. However, mercury can easily be reduced to the +1 oxidation state; usually, as in the ion , two mercury(I) ions come together to form a metal-metal bond", "id": "15956160" }, { "contents": "Metallic bonding\n\n\nvalence electrons. The radii also increase down the group due to increase in principal quantum number. Between rows 3 and 4, the lanthanide contraction is observed – there is very little increase of the radius down the group due to the presence of poorly shielding f orbitals. The atoms in metals have a strong attractive force between them. Much energy is required to overcome it. Therefore, metals often have high boiling points, with tungsten (5828 K) being extremely high. A remarkable exception is the elements of the zinc group", "id": "20423263" }, { "contents": "Noble gas\n\n\nnoble gases are farther away from the nucleus and are therefore not held as tightly together by the atom. Noble gases have the largest ionization potential among the elements of each period, which reflects the stability of their electron configuration and is related to their relative lack of chemical reactivity. Some of the heavier noble gases, however, have ionization potentials small enough to be comparable to those of other elements and molecules. It was the insight that xenon has an ionization potential similar to that of the oxygen molecule that led Bartlett to attempt", "id": "1233453" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nThe p orbital consists of six lobed shapes coming from a central point at evenly spaced angles. The p orbital can hold a maximum of six electrons, hence there are six columns in the p-block. Elements in column 13, the first column of the p-block, have one p-orbital electron. Elements in column 14, the second column of the p-block, have two p-orbital electrons. The trend continues this way until column 18, which has six p-orbital electrons. They", "id": "2070045" }, { "contents": "Actinide chemistry\n\n\nActinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides. The actinides derive their name from the group 3 element actinium. The informal chemical symbol An is used in general discussions of actinide chemistry to refer to any actinide. All but one of the actinides are f-block elements, corresponding to the filling of the 5f electron shell; lawrencium, a d-block element, is also generally considered an actinide. In comparison with the lanthanides", "id": "8110499" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n) and the actinides (like actinium). Not everyone agrees on the exact membership of each set of elements. For example, some scientists regard the group 12 elements Zn, Cd and Hg as main group, rather than transition group, because they are chemically and physically more similar to the p-block elements than the other d-block elements. The group 3 elements are sometimes considered main group elements due to their similarities to the s-block elements. Groups (columns) in the f-block (between", "id": "2070041" }, { "contents": "Gallium(III) bromide\n\n\n, but when it forms the dimer GaBr the geometry around the Gallium center distorts to become roughly tetrahedral. As a solid, GaBr forms a monoclinic crystalline structure with a unit cell volume of 524.16Å. Additional specifications for this unit cell are as follows: A=8.87Å, B=5.64Å, C=11.01Å, α=90˚, β=107.81˚, γ=90˚ Gallium is the lightest Group 13 metal with a filled d-shell, and has an electronic configuration of (Ar 3d10 4s2 4p1) below the valence electrons that could take part in d-π bonding with ligands.", "id": "7203142" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\ngroups 3 and 4) are not numbered. Helium is from the s-block, with its outer (and only) electrons in the 1s atomic orbital, although its chemical properties are more similar to the p-block noble gases due to its full shell. The s-block is on the left side of the conventional periodic table and is composed of elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus the nonmetals hydrogen and helium. Their", "id": "2070042" } ]

[ { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nsum of the first three ionization potentials of gallium is higher than that of aluminium, whereas the trend in the group would be for it to be lower. The second table below shows the trend in the sum of the first three ionization potentials for the elements B, Al, Sc, Y, La. Sc, Y, La are group 3 elements and have three valence electrons above a noble gas electron core. In contrast to the group 13 elements this sequence shows a smooth reduction. Other effects of the d-block", "id": "18881600" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\ncontraction are that the Ga ion is smaller than expected, being closer in size to Al. Care must be taken in interpreting the ionization potentials for indium and thallium, other effects e.g. the inert pair effect become increasingly important for the heavier members of the group. The cause of the d-block contraction is the poor shielding of the nuclear charge by the electrons in the d orbitals. The outer valence electrons are more strongly attracted by the nucleus causing the observed increase in ionization potentials. The d-block contraction can be", "id": "18881601" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nThe d-block contraction (sometimes called scandide contraction) is a term used in chemistry to describe the effect of having full d orbitals on the period 4 elements. The elements in question are Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, and Kr. Their electronic configurations include completely filled d orbitals (d). d-block contraction is best illustrated by comparing some properties of the group 13 elements to highlight the effect on gallium. Gallium can be seen to be anomalous. The most obvious effect is that the", "id": "18881599" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelement 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. The d-block contraction, which is a similar effect between the d-block and p-block, is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar cause. The first ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove one electron from an atom, the second ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove a second electron from the atom, and so on. For a given atom, successive", "id": "3472853" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\n6th period come after d-block elements, but the electrons present in the intervening d- (and f-) orbitals do not effectively shield the s-electrons of the valence shell. As a result, the \"inert pair\" of ns electrons remains more tightly held by the nucleus and hence participates less in bond formation . Consider as an example thallium (Tl) in group 13. The +1 oxidation state of Tl is the most stable, while Tl compounds are comparatively rare. The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases", "id": "9776231" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements (which have a greater nuclear charge but the same number of valence electrons), and the periodic trends down group 2 from beryllium to radium (similar to that of the alkali metals) are not as smooth when going down from beryllium to mercury (which is more similar to that of the p-block main groups) due to the d-block and lanthanide contractions. It is also the d-block and lanthanide contractions that give mercury many of its distinctive properties. All three metal ions form many tetrahedral species", "id": "15956168" }, { "contents": "Arsenic pentachloride\n\n\nthe elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed", "id": "16441988" }, { "contents": "Electronegativity\n\n\nthat caesium fluoride is the compound whose bonding features the most ionic character. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon, respectively, because of the d-block contraction. Elements of the fourth period immediately after the first row of the transition metals have unusually small atomic radii because the 3d-electrons are not effective at shielding the increased nuclear charge, and smaller atomic size correlates with higher electronegativity (see Allred-Rochow electronegativity, Sanderson electronegativity above). The anomalously", "id": "9632944" }, { "contents": "Aluminium(I)\n\n\nIn chemistry, aluminium(I) refers to monovalent aluminium (+1 oxidation state) in both ionic and covalent bonds. Along with aluminium(II), it is an extremely unstable form of aluminium. While late Group 3 elements such as thallium and indium prefer the +1 oxidation state, aluminium(I) is rare. Unlike late Group XIII elements, aluminium does not experience the inert pair effect, a phenomenon where valence s electrons are poorly shielded from nuclear charge due to the presence of filled d and f orbitals. As such, aluminium (III", "id": "11991348" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelectronegativity, the more an element attracts electrons. It was first proposed by Linus Pauling in 1932. In general, electronegativity increases on passing from left to right along a period, and decreases on descending a group. Hence, fluorine is the most electronegative of the elements, while caesium is the least, at least of those elements for which substantial data is available. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon respectively because of the d-block contraction. Elements of", "id": "3472856" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\na stable ion with an incomplete d subshell. Since the electrons added fill the orbitals, the properties of the \"d\"-block elements are quite different from those of \"s\" and \"p\" block elements in which the filling occurs either in \"s\" or in \"p\"-orbitals of the valence shell. The electronic configuration of the individual elements present in all the d-block series are given below: A careful look at the electronic configuration of the elements reveals that there are certain exceptions, for example Cr and Cu.", "id": "11651400" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nThe term \"inert pair effect\" is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation states that are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15 and 16. The term \"inert pair\" was first proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927. The name suggests that the outermost \"s\" electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus in these atoms, and therefore more difficult to ionize or share. For example, the p-block elements of the 4th, 5th and", "id": "9776230" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshielding by d and f electrons. A uniform decrease in electron affinity only applies to group 1 atoms. The lower the values of ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity, the more metallic character the element has. Conversely, nonmetallic character increases with higher values of these properties. Given the periodic trends of these three properties, metallic character tends to decrease going across a period (or row) and, with some irregularities (mostly) due to poor screening of the nucleus by d and f electrons, and relativistic effects,", "id": "3472860" }, { "contents": "Lead\n\n\na group, as an element's outer electrons become more distant from the nucleus, and more shielded by smaller orbitals. The similarity of ionization energies is caused by the lanthanide contraction—the decrease in element radii from lanthanum (atomic number 57) to lutetium (71), and the relatively small radii of the elements from hafnium (72) onwards. This is due to poor shielding of the nucleus by the lanthanide 4f electrons. The sum of the first four ionization energies of lead exceeds that of tin, contrary to", "id": "17864701" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nthe screening electrons near the core of high- atoms. This relativistic increase in momentum for high speed electrons causes a corresponding decrease in wavelength and contraction of 6s orbitals relative to 5d orbitals (by comparison to corresponding s and d electrons in lighter elements in the same column of the periodic table); this results in 6s valence electrons becoming lowered in energy. Examples of significant physical outcomes of this effect include the lowered melting temperature of mercury (which results from 6s electrons not being available for metal bonding) and the golden color of", "id": "861611" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\n, electrons already present shield the outer electrons from nuclear charge, making them experience a lower effective charge on the nucleus. The shielding effect exerted by the inner electrons decreases in the order \"s\" \"p\" \"d\" \"f\". Usually, as a particular subshell is filled in a period, atomic radius decreases. This effect is particularly pronounced in the case of lanthanides, as the 4\"f\" subshell which is filled across these elements is not very effective at shielding the outer shell (n=5 and n=6)", "id": "13657314" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nblock. In the \"d\"-block the atoms of the elements have between 1 and 10 \"d\" electrons. The elements of groups 4–11 are generally recognized as transition metals, justified by their typical chemistry, i.e. a large range of complex ions in various oxidation states, colored complexes, and catalytic properties either as the element or as ions (or both). Sc and Y in group 3 are also generally recognized as transition metals. However, the elements La–Lu and Ac–Lr and group 12 attract different definitions", "id": "11651392" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nin the following sequence: The same trend in stability is noted in groups 14, 15 and 16. The heaviest members of each group, i.e. lead, bismuth and polonium are comparatively stable in oxidation states +2, +3, and +4 respectively. The lower oxidation state in each of the elements in question has 2 valence electrons in s - orbitals. On the face of it, a simple explanation could be that the valence electrons in an s orbital are more tightly bound and are of lower energy than electrons in p orbitals", "id": "9776232" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. The block names (s, p, d and f) are derived from the spectroscopic notation for the associated atomic orbitals: sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental. There is an approximate correspondence between this nomenclature of blocks, based on electronic configuration, and groupings of elements based on chemical properties. The s-block and p-block together are usually considered main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, and the f-block encompasses nearly all of the lanthanides (like lanthanum", "id": "2070040" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nare mostly covalent in nature. They show variable oxidation states. The reactivity of elements in a group generally decreases downwards. The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties in simple incomplete d orbitals. Transition basically means d orbital lies between s and p orbitals and shows a transition from properties of s to p. The d-block", "id": "2070046" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nand p-block in the 4th and 5th rows. The known f-block elements come in two series, the lanthanides of period 6 and the radioactive actinides of period 7. All are metals. Because the f-orbital electrons are less active in determining the chemistry of these elements, their chemical properties are mostly determined by outer s-orbital electrons. Consequently, there is much less chemical variability within the f-block than within the s-, p-, or d-blocks. The f-block elements are", "id": "2070049" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\nreferred to as, respectively, the 'scandide' or 'd-block contraction', and the 'lanthanide contraction'. Relativistic effects also \"increase the binding energy\", and hence ionisation energy, of the electrons in \"the 6s shell in gold and mercury, and the 6p shell in subsequent elements of period 6.\" The origin of the term \"post-transition metal\" is unclear. An early usage is recorded by Deming, in 1940, in his well-known book \"Fundamental Chemistry.", "id": "19783910" }, { "contents": "Atomic radius\n\n\nthe elements immediately above them. Hence hafnium has virtually the same atomic radius (and chemistry) as zirconium, and tantalum has an atomic radius similar to niobium, and so forth. The effect of the lanthanide contraction is noticeable up to platinum (\"Z\" = 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. Due to lanthanide contraction, the 5 following observations can be drawn: The d-block contraction is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar", "id": "4346523" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block. Their general valence configuration is \"n\"s \"n\"p. This block contains a variety of elements and is the only block that contains all three types of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Generally, the p-block elements are best described in terms of element type or group. The p-block elements are unified by the fact that their valence electrons (outermost electrons) are in the p orbital.", "id": "2070044" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nare on the right side of the d-block, from group 8 to 11 (and 12 if it is counted as transition metals). The general electronic configuration of the \"d\"-block elements is [Inert gas] (\"n\" − 1)\"d\"\"n s\". The period 6 and 7 transition metals also add (\"n\" − 2)\"f\" electrons, which are omitted from the tables below. The Madelung rule predicts that the typical electronic structure of transition metal atoms can be written as [inert gas]\"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d", "id": "11651396" }, { "contents": "Boron group\n\n\nThe boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, comprising boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and perhaps also the chemically uncharacterized nihonium (Nh). The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three electrons in their outer energy levels (valence layers). These elements have also been referred to as the triels. Boron is classified as a typical non-metal while the rest, with the", "id": "14490374" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nan increasing distance between valence electrons and the nucleus. There are exceptions to these trends: for example, in group 11, electronegativity increases farther down the group. A \"period\" is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups generally have more significant periodic trends, there are regions where horizontal trends are more significant than vertical group trends, such as the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy", "id": "3472840" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nA block of the periodic table is a set of chemical elements having their differentiating electrons predominately in the same atomic orbital type. A differentiating electron is the electron that differentiates an element from the previous one. For example, sodium [Na] 3s, when compared to neon [He] 2s2p, has an s- differentiating electron. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet. Each block is named after its characteristic orbital: s-block; p-block; d-block; and f-block", "id": "2070039" }, { "contents": "Resonance (chemistry)\n\n\nfor H and He and effectively for Li as well. The issue of expansion of the valence shell of third period and heavier main group elements is controversial. A Lewis structure in which a central atom has a valence electron count greater than eight traditionally implies the participation of d orbitals in bonding. However, the consensus opinion is that while they may make a marginal contribution, the participation of d orbitals is unimportant, and the bonding of so-called hypervalent molecules are, for the most part, better explained by charge-", "id": "277035" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natom on gaining an electron because it obtains a filled valence shell and is therefore more stable. A trend of decreasing electron affinity going down groups would be expected. The additional electron will be entering an orbital farther away from the nucleus. As such this electron would be less attracted to the nucleus and would release less energy when added. In going down a group, around one-third of elements are anomalous, with heavier elements having higher electron affinities than their next lighter congenors. Largely, this is due to the poor", "id": "3472859" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements in group 12 are usually considered to be d-block elements, but not transition elements as the d-shell is full. Some authors classify these elements as main-group elements because the valence electrons are in ns orbitals. Nevertheless, they share many characteristics with the neighboring group 11 elements on the periodic table, which are almost universally considered to be transition elements. For example, zinc shares many characteristics with the neighboring transition metal, copper. Zinc complexes merit inclusion in the Irving-Williams series as zinc forms", "id": "15956162" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\ncontract, ionisation energies increase, fewer electrons become available for metallic bonding, and \"ions [become] smaller and more polarizing and more prone to covalency.\" This phenomenon is more evident in period 4–6 post-transition metals, due to inefficient screening of their nuclear charges by their d and (in the case of the period 6 metals) f electron configurations; the screening power of electrons decreases in the sequence s p d f. The reductions in atomic size due to the interjection of the d- and f-blocks are", "id": "19783909" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nshielding of electrons from the core charge of the nucleus. For this reason ionization energy is lower for elements lower down in a group, and polarizability of species is higher for elements lower down in a group. The valency does not change going down a group since the bonding behavior is not affected by the core electrons. However, non-bonding interactions such as those just cited are affected by core electrons. Metallic properties increase down groups as decreasing attraction between the nuclei and the outermost electrons causes the outermost electrons to be loosely", "id": "9088962" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nelements are all metals which exhibit two or more ways of forming chemical bonds. Because there is a relatively small difference in the energy of the different d-orbital electrons, the number of electrons participating in chemical bonding can vary. This results in the same element exhibiting two or more oxidation states, which determines the type and number of its nearest neighbors in chemical compounds. The d-block elements are unified by mostly having one or more chemically active d-orbital electrons. The d-orbitals can contain up to five", "id": "2070047" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\nThe lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium. The term was coined by the Norwegian geochemist Victor Goldschmidt in his series \"Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente\". The effect results from poor shielding of nuclear charge (nuclear attractive force on electrons) by 4f electrons; the 6s electrons are drawn towards the nucleus", "id": "13657312" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nd-like orbitals occupied by the six electrons are no longer identical with the d orbitals of the free atom. There are several more exceptions to Madelung's rule among the heavier elements, and as atomic number increases it becomes more and more difficult to find simple explanations such as the stability of half-filled subshells. It is possible to predict most of the exceptions by Hartree–Fock calculations, which are an approximate method for taking account of the effect of the other electrons on orbital energies. For the heavier elements,", "id": "18614792" }, { "contents": "Ytterbium(III) chloride\n\n\nmuch smaller with increasing effective nuclear charge as a consequence of the \"f\" electrons not being as well shielded as \"d\" electrons. This behavior is known as the lanthanide contraction. The small size of Yb produces fast catalytic behavior and an atomic radius (0.99 Å) comparable to many biologically important ions. The gas-phase thermodynamic properties of this chemical are difficult to determine because the chemical can disproportionate to form [YbCl] or dimerize. The YbCl species was detected by electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry as", "id": "21610848" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nlonger distance between the nucleus and the valence electron shell, thereby decreasing the attraction, making the atom have less of an attraction for electrons or protons. However, in the group 13 elements electronegativity increases from aluminium to thallium, and in group 14 electronegativity of lead is lower than that of tin. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron shell of an isolated atom of an element. Sometimes, it is also regarded as the basis of Modern Periodic Table. In a period, the number of valence electrons increases (", "id": "9088960" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\n, in which main-group elements have apparent valences greater than the maximal of 4 allowed by the octet rule. For example, in the sulfur hexafluoride molecule (SF), Pauling considered that the sulfur forms 6 true two-electron bonds using spd hybrid atomic orbitals, which combine one s, three p and two d orbitals. However more recently, quantum-mechanical calculations on this and similar molecules have shown that the role of d orbitals in the bonding is minimal, and that the SF molecule should be described as", "id": "5443592" }, { "contents": "Compounds of fluorine\n\n\nelectron per atom, as are other halogen X molecules. However, the heavier halogens' p electron orbitals partly mix with those of d orbitals, which results in an increased effective bond order; for example, chlorine has a bond order of 1.12. Fluorine's electrons cannot exhibit this d character since there are no such d orbitals close in energy to fluorine's valence orbitals. This also helps explain why bonding in F is weaker than in Cl. Reactions with elemental fluorine are often sudden or explosive. Many substances that", "id": "21755143" }, { "contents": "Acceptor (semiconductors)\n\n\nIn semiconductor physics, an acceptor is a dopant atom that when added to a semiconductor can form a p-type region. For example, when silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, needs to be doped as a p-type semiconductor, elements from group III like boron (B) or aluminium (Al), having three valence electrons, can be used. The latter elements are also called trivalent impurities. Other trivalent dopants include indium (In) and gallium (Ga). When substituting for a", "id": "14124918" }, { "contents": "Carbon group\n\n\n, or (not coincidentally) from the fact that these elements have four valence electrons (see below). Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior: Each of the elements in this group has 4 electrons in its outer orbital (the atom's top energy level). The last orbital of all these elements is the p orbital. In most cases, the elements share their electrons. The tendency to lose electrons increases", "id": "12572907" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nalways feels the same effective nuclear charge (+1), the only factor which affects the first ionisation energy is the distance from the outermost electron to the nucleus. Since this distance increases down the group, the outermost electron feels less attraction from the nucleus and thus the first ionisation energy decreases. (This trend is broken in francium due to the relativistic stabilisation and contraction of the 7s orbital, bringing francium's valence electron closer to the nucleus than would be expected from non-relativistic calculations. This makes francium's outermost electron", "id": "71727" }, { "contents": "Indium\n\n\nis attributed to the inert pair effect, in which relativistic effects stabilize the 5s-orbital, observed in heavier elements. Thallium (indium's heavier homolog) shows an even stronger effect, causing oxidation to thallium(I) to be more probable than to thallium(III), whereas gallium (indium's lighter homolog) commonly shows only the +3 oxidation state. Thus, although thallium(III) is a moderately strong oxidizing agent, indium(III) is not, and many indium(I) compounds are powerful reducing agents. While the energy required to include the", "id": "14895372" }, { "contents": "Shielding effect\n\n\nIn general we can order the electron shells (s,p,d,f) as such where \"S\" is the screening strength that a given orbital provides to the rest of the electrons. In hydrogen, or any other atom in group 1A of the periodic table (those with only one valence electron), the force on the electron is just as large as the electromagnetic attraction from the nucleus of the atom. However, when more electrons are involved, each electron (in the \"n\"-shell) experiences not", "id": "14750612" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nzinc, cadmium and mercury are sometimes regarded as linking the \"d\" block to the \"p\" block. Notionally they are \"d\" block elements but they have few transition metal properties and are more like their \"p\" block neighbors in group 13. The relatively inert noble gases, in group 18, bridge the most reactive groups of elements in the periodic table—the halogens in group 17 and the alkali metals in group 1. In 1789, Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33 chemical elements, grouping", "id": "3472864" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\n, the concept of the valence electron is less useful for a transition metal than for a main group element; the d electron count is an alternative tool for understanding the chemistry of a transition metal. The number of electrons in an atom's outermost valence shell governs its bonding behavior. Therefore, elements whose atoms can have the same number of valence electrons are grouped together in the periodic table of the elements. As a general rule, a main group element (except hydrogen or helium) tends to react to form a closed", "id": "11942312" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide\n\n\nlanthanum or lutetium is considered a d-block element, but is included due to its chemical similarities with the other 14. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum to lutetium. They are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum. Both lanthanum and lutetium have been labeled as group 3 elements, because they have a single valence electron in the 5d shell. However, both elements are often included in discussions", "id": "18665634" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\nhave only been performed on single atoms. A direct relativistic effect is that as the atomic numbers of elements increase, the innermost electrons begin to revolve faster around the nucleus as a result of an increase of electromagnetic attraction between an electron and a nucleus. Similar effects have been found for the outermost s orbitals (and p ones, though in dubnium they are not occupied): for example, the 7s orbital contracts by 25% in size and is stabilized by 2.6 eV. A more indirect effect is that the contracted s and", "id": "8430315" }, { "contents": "Gallium trichloride\n\n\ntwo bridging chlorides. Its structure resembles that of aluminium tribromide. In contrast AlCl and InCl feature contain 6 coordinate metal centers. As a consequence of its molecular nature and associated low lattice energy, gallium trichloride has a lower melting point vs the aluminium and indium trihalides. The formula of GaCl is often written as Ga(μ-Cl)Cl. In the gas phase the dimers dissociate to trigonal planar monomers. Gallium is the lightest member of Group 13 to have a full \"d\" shell, (gallium has the electronic configuration Ar 3\"d\"10", "id": "8779707" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nmetallic radii of cadmium and mercury is an effect of the lanthanide contraction. So, the trend in this group is unlike the trend in group 2, the alkaline earths, where metallic radius increases smoothly from top to bottom of the group. All three metals have relatively low melting and boiling points, indicating that the metallic bond is relatively weak, with relatively little overlap between the valence band and the conduction band. Thus, zinc is close to the boundary between metallic and metalloid elements, which is usually placed between gallium and", "id": "15956159" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nthe atomic nucleus, as in the shell model of nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. For example, all the elements of group 2 have an electron configuration of [E] \"n\"s (where [E] is an inert gas configuration), and have notable similarities in their chemical properties. In general, the periodicity of the periodic table in terms of periodic table blocks is clearly due to the number of electrons (", "id": "18614780" }, { "contents": "Noble gas compound\n\n\n. The heavier noble gases have more electron shells than the lighter ones. Hence, the outermost electrons are subject to a shielding effect from the inner electrons that makes them more easily ionized, since they are less strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This results in an ionization energy low enough to form stable compounds with the most electronegative elements, fluorine and oxygen, and even with less electronegative elements such as nitrogen and carbon under certain circumstances. When the family of noble gases was first identified at the end of the nineteenth", "id": "3900654" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nnon-equilibrium conditions and is at odds to mercury's more typical chemistry, and Jensen has suggested that it would be better to regard mercury as not being a transition metal. Although group 12 lies in the d-block of the modern 18-column periodic table, the d electrons of zinc, cadmium, and (almost always) mercury behave as core electrons and do not take part in bonding. This behavior is similar to that of the main-group elements, but is in stark contrast to that of the neighboring group", "id": "15956165" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nin which the \"d\"-orbitals are not involved. This is because in a transition series, the valence shell electronic configuration of the elements do not change. However, there are some group similarities as well. There are a number of properties shared by the transition elements that are not found in other elements, which results from the partially filled \"d\" shell. These include Most transition metals can be bound to a variety of ligands, allowing for a wide variety of transition metal complexes. Colour in transition-series metal compounds", "id": "11651402" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nand therefore less likely to be involved in bonding. Unfortunately this explanation does not stand up. If the total ionization potentials (IP) (see below) of the 2 electrons in s orbitals (the 2nd + 3rd ionization potentials), are examined it can be seen that they increase in the sequence: An important consideration is that compounds in the lower oxidation state are ionic, whereas the compounds in the higher oxidation state tend to be covalent. Therefore, covalency effects must also be taken into account. In fact an", "id": "9776233" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nrelativistic effects may cause some of its properties to differ from those expected from a straight application of periodic trends. For example, unbiunium is expected to have a sp valence electron configuration instead of the sd of its lighter congeners in group 3, but this is not expected to significantly affect its chemistry, which is predicted to be that of a normal group 3 element; it would on the other hand significantly lower its first ionisation energy beyond what would be expected from periodic trends. Transactinide elements, such as unbiunium, are produced", "id": "8897625" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nto the lighter elements in groups 11 and 12 (particularly gold and mercury). As with mercury but not copernicium, ionization of element 166 to Uhh is expected to result in a 7d configuration corresponding to the loss of the s-electrons but not the d-electrons, making it more analogous to the lighter \"less relativistic\" group 12 elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury, which have essentially no transition-metal character. The next six elements on the periodic table should be the last main-group elements in", "id": "19154644" }, { "contents": "Unpaired electron\n\n\nunpaired electrons are stabilised by delocalisation. In contrast, radicals in d- and f-block chemistry are very common. The less directional, more diffuse d and f orbitals, in which unpaired electrons reside, overlap less effectively, form weaker bonds and thus dimerisation is generally disfavoured. These d and f orbitals also have comparatively smaller radial extension, disfavouring overlap to form dimers. Relatively more stable entities with unpaired electrons do exist, e.g. the nitric oxide molecule has one. According to Hund's rule, the spins of unpaired electrons", "id": "15135442" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natoms). A \"group\" or \"family\" is a vertical column in the periodic table. Groups usually have more significant periodic trends than periods and blocks, explained below. Modern quantum mechanical theories of atomic structure explain group trends by proposing that elements within the same group generally have the same electron configurations in their valence shell. Consequently, elements in the same group tend to have a shared chemistry and exhibit a clear trend in properties with increasing atomic number. In some parts of the periodic table, such as the", "id": "3472835" }, { "contents": "Electron shell\n\n\ngives the elements arranged by increasing atomic number and shows the number of electrons per shell. At a glance, one can see that subsets of the list show obvious patterns. In particular, the seven elements (in ) before a noble gas (group 18, in ) higher than helium have the number of electrons in the valence shell in arithmetic progression. (However, this pattern may break down in the seventh period due to relativistic effects.) Sorting the table by chemical group shows additional patterns, especially with respect to", "id": "19678744" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nof radial nodes in the 4f orbitals contribute to their core-like behavior in the lanthanide series, unlike the more valence-like 5f orbitals in the actinides; however, the relativistic expansion and destabilization of the 5g orbitals should partially compensate for their lack of radial nodes and hence smaller extent. While the lighter group 3 elements fill d-orbitals (Sc, [Ar]3d4s; Y, [Kr]4d5s; La, [Xe]5d6s; Ac, [Rn]6d7s), unbiunium is expected to fill the 8p orbital instead due to", "id": "8897650" }, { "contents": "Ionic bonding\n\n\nelement (usually nonmetal) with greater electron affinity accepts the electron(s) to attain a stable electron configuration, and after accepting electron(s) an atom becomes an anion. Typically, the stable electron configuration is one of the noble gases for elements in the s-block and the p-block, and particular stable electron configurations for d-block and f-block elements. The electrostatic attraction between the anions and cations leads to the formation of a solid with a crystallographic lattice in which the ions are stacked in an alternating fashion", "id": "15052078" }, { "contents": "Ion\n\n\nis exhausted of electrons. For this reason, ions tend to form in ways that leave them with full orbital blocks. For example, sodium has one \"valence electron\" in its outermost shell, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one lost electron, as . On the other side of the periodic table, chlorine has seven valence electrons, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one gained electron, as . Caesium has the lowest measured ionization energy of all the elements and helium has the greatest.", "id": "236384" }, { "contents": "Group (periodic table)\n\n\nIn chemistry, a group (also known as a family) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table, and the f-block columns (between groups 3 and 4) are not numbered. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms (i.e., the same core charge), as most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron. There are three systems", "id": "5268529" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\n20) of group-2 with the configuration [Ar]4\"s\", or scandium (Sc), the first element of group 3 with atomic number \"Z\" = 21 and configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\", depending on the definition used. As we move from left to right, electrons are added to the same \"d\"-sub-shell till it is complete. The element of group 11 in the first transition series is copper (Cu) with an atypical configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\". Despite the filled d subshell in metallic copper it nevertheless forms", "id": "11651399" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\np orbitals shield the charge of the nucleus more effectively, leaving less for the outer d and f electrons, which therefore move in larger orbitals. Dubnium is greatly affected by this: unlike the previous group 5 members, its 7s electrons are slightly more difficult to extract than its 6d electrons. Another effect is the spin–orbit interaction, particularly spin–orbit splitting, which splits the 6d subshell—the azimuthal quantum number ℓ of a d shell is 2—into two subshells, with four of the ten orbitals having their ℓ", "id": "8430316" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nand/or vertical trends. Elements in the same group tend to show patterns in atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. From top to bottom in a group, the atomic radii of the elements increase. Since there are more filled energy levels, valence electrons are found farther from the nucleus. From the top, each successive element has a lower ionization energy because it is easier to remove an electron since the atoms are less tightly bound. Similarly, a group has a top-to-bottom decrease in electronegativity due to", "id": "3472839" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nelectron configuration shows clear analogies with palladium with its 4d5s electron configuration. The noble metals of this series of transition metals are not expected to be as noble as their lighter homologues, due to the absence of an outer \"s\" shell for shielding and also because the 7d shell is strongly split into two subshells due to relativistic effects. This causes the first ionization energies of the 7d transition metals to be smaller than those of their lighter congeners. Calculations predict that the 7d electrons of element 164 (unhexquadium) should participate very", "id": "19154637" }, { "contents": "Bent's rule\n\n\n. Bent's rule can be generalized to d-block elements as well. The hybridisation of a metal center is arranged so that orbitals with more s character are directed towards ligands that form bonds with more covalent character. Equivalently, orbitals with more d character are directed towards groups that form bonds of greater ionic character. The validity of Bent's rule for 75 bond types between the main group elements was examined recently. For bonds with the larger atoms from the lower periods, trends in orbital hybridization depend strongly on both electronegativity", "id": "1746559" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\nto competing horizontal and vertical trends in the nuclear charge. Going along a period, the nuclear charge increases with atomic number as do the number of electrons. The additional pull on outer electrons as nuclear charge increases generally outweighs the screening effect of having more electrons. With some irregularities, atoms therefore become smaller, ionization energy increases, and there is a gradual change in character, across a period, from strongly metallic, to weakly metallic, to weakly nonmetallic, to strongly nonmetallic elements. Going down a main group, the", "id": "5142301" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\nhaving 6 polar covalent (partly ionic) bonds made from only four orbitals on sulfur (one s and three p) in accordance with the octet rule, together with six orbitals on the fluorines. Similar calculations on transition-metal molecules show that the role of p orbitals is minor, so that one s and five d orbitals on the metal are sufficient to describe the bonding. For elements in the main groups of the periodic table, the valence can vary between 1 and 7. Many elements have a common valence related", "id": "5443593" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\n, Ge, Sb, Po) lie just below the line. The diagonal positioning of the metalloids represents an exception to the observation that elements with similar properties tend to occur in vertical groups. A related effect can be seen in other diagonal similarities between some elements and their lower right neighbours, specifically lithium-magnesium, beryllium-aluminium, and boron-silicon. Rayner-Canham has argued that these similarities extend to carbon-phosphorus, nitrogen-sulfur, and into three d-block series. This exception arises due", "id": "5142300" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nhave an electron affinity higher than all the alkali metals lighter than it. Relativistic effects also cause a very large drop in the polarisability of ununennium. On the other hand, ununennium is predicted to continue the trend of melting points decreasing going down the group, being expected to have a melting point between 0 °C and 30 °C. The stabilisation of ununennium's valence electron and thus the contraction of the 8s orbital cause its atomic radius to be lowered to 240 pm, very close to that of rubidium (247 pm", "id": "71789" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nbehaves like a noble gas, and thus is taken to be part of the group 18 elements. However, in terms of its nuclear structure it belongs to the s block, and is therefore sometimes classified as a group 2 element, or simultaneously both 2 and 18. Hydrogen readily loses and gains an electron, and so behaves chemically as both a group 1 and a group 17 element. Period 2 elements involve the 2s and 2p orbitals. They include the biologically most essential elements besides hydrogen: carbon, nitrogen, and", "id": "5268637" }, { "contents": "Group 9 element\n\n\nGroup 9 is a group (column) of chemical elements in the periodic table. Members are cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and meitnerium (Mt). These are all transition metals in the d-block. Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior; however, rhodium deviates from the pattern. \"Group 9\" is the modern standard designation for this group, adopted by", "id": "15956141" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nvisualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter. In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up (in approximation) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The repeating \"periodicity\" of the blocks of 2, 6, 10, and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s, p, d and f atomic orbitals, respectively, although for", "id": "861537" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nelectron in that \"s\"-sub shell in its ground state. The \"s\"-sub-shell in the valence shell is represented as the \"ns\" sub-shell, e.g. 4s. In the periodic table, the transition metals are present in eight groups (4 to 11), with some authors including some elements in groups 3 or 12. The elements in group 3 have an \"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d\" configuration. The first transition series is present in the 4th period, and starts after Ca (\"Z\" =", "id": "11651398" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nenergy. This will cause the electron shells to mix so that the block concept no longer applies very well, and will also result in novel chemical properties that will make positioning these elements in a periodic table very difficult. For example, element 164 is expected to mix characteristics of the elements of group 10, 12, 14, and 18. The first two elements of period 8 will be ununennium and unbinilium, elements 119 and 120. Their electron configurations should have the 8s orbital being filled. This orbital is relativistically stabilized", "id": "19154617" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\npairs of electrons; hence, the block includes ten columns in the periodic table. The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but is footnoted in 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals because they provide a transition between the s-block and d-block in the 6th and 7th row (period), in the same way that the d-block transition metals provide a transitional bridge between the s-block", "id": "2070048" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nnumber of electrons in a particular subshell fall into the same columns (e.g. oxygen and selenium are in the same column because they both have four electrons in the outermost p-subshell). Elements with similar chemical properties generally fall into the same group in the periodic table, although in the f-block, and to some respect in the d-block, the elements in the same period tend to have similar properties, as well. Thus, it is relatively easy to predict the chemical properties of an element if one", "id": "3472832" }, { "contents": "Roentgenium\n\n\ngroup 11 elements, copper, silver, and gold, all have an outer electron configuration nd(n+1)s. For each of these elements, the first excited state of their atoms has a configuration nd(n+1)s. Due to spin-orbit coupling between the d electrons, this state is split into a pair of energy levels. For copper, the difference in energy between the ground state and lowest excited state causes the metal to appear reddish. For silver, the energy gap widens and it becomes silvery. However, as the atomic number increases", "id": "14700092" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nat a noble-gas electronic configuration. As of 2016, a total of 118 elements have been discovered and confirmed. Modern quantum mechanics explains these periodic trends in properties in terms of electron shells. As atomic number increases, shells fill with electrons in approximately the order shown at right. The filling of each shell corresponds to a row in the table. In the s-block and p-block of the periodic table, elements within the same period generally do not exhibit trends and similarities in properties (vertical trends down", "id": "5268635" }, { "contents": "Nonmetal\n\n\nnoble gas at that. Radon trioxide (RnO) is expected to be acidic. Oganesson, the heaviest element on the periodic table, has only recently been synthesized. Owing to its short half-life, its chemical properties have not yet been investigated. Due to the significant relativistic destabilisation of the 7p orbitals, it is expected to be significantly reactive and behave more similarly to the group 14 elements, as it effectively has four valence electrons outside a pseudo-noble gas core. Its boiling point is expected to be about", "id": "13626148" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nalso dependent upon additional details of the atoms (see ). The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom increases with the atomic number. The electrons in the outermost shell, or \"valence electrons\", tend to be responsible for an element's chemical behavior. Elements that contain the same number of valence electrons can be grouped together and display similar chemical properties. For elements with high atomic number , the effects of relativity become more pronounced, and especially so for s electrons, which move at relativistic velocities as they penetrate", "id": "861610" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\n, such as its valence electron configuration and having a dominant +5 oxidation state, with the other group 5 elements, with a few anomalies due to relativistic effects. A limited investigation of dubnium chemistry has confirmed this. Solution chemistry experiments have revealed that dubnium often behaves more like niobium rather than tantalum, breaking periodic trends. Uranium, element 92, is the heaviest element to occur in significant quantity in nature; heavier elements can only be produced practically by synthesis. The first synthesis of a new element—neptunium, element 93—was", "id": "8430291" }, { "contents": "D electron count\n\n\nserious conflicts with experimental observations for transition metal centers under most ambient conditions. Under most conditions all of the valence electrons of a transition metal center are located in d orbitals while the standard model of electron configuration would predict some of them to be in the pertinent s orbital. The valence of a transition metal center can be described by standard quantum numbers. The Aufbau principle and Madelung's rule would predict for period \"n\" that the \"n\"s orbitals fill prior to the (\"n\" − 1)d orbitals. For example", "id": "6521603" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. By this definition all of the elements in groups 3–11 are transition metals. The IUPAC definition therefore excludes group 12, comprising zinc, cadmium and mercury, from the transition metals category. Some chemists treat the categories \"d-block elements\" and \"transition metals\" interchangeably, thereby including groups 3–12 among the transition metals. In this instance the group 12 elements are treated as a special case of transition metal in which the d electrons", "id": "3472905" }, { "contents": "Group 3 element\n\n\nGroup 3 is a group of elements in the periodic table. This group, like other d-block groups, should contain four elements, but it is not agreed what elements belong in the group. Scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) are always included, but the other two spaces are usually occupied by lanthanum (La) and actinium (Ac), or by lutetium (Lu) and lawrencium (Lr); less frequently, it is considered the group should be expanded to 32 elements (with all", "id": "10452969" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\n+1 and +2 oxidation states respectively. The 9s electrons should have ionization energies comparable to those of the 3s electrons of sodium and magnesium, due to relativistic effects causing the 9s electrons to be much more strongly bound than non-relativistic calculations would predict. Elements 165 and 166 should normally exhibit the +1 and +2 oxidation states respectively, although the ionization energies of the 7d electrons are low enough to allow higher oxidation states like +3 for element 165. The oxidation state +4 for element 166 is less likely, creating a situation similar", "id": "19154643" }, { "contents": "Oganesson\n\n\nelements. The members of this group are usually inert to most common chemical reactions (for example, combustion) because the outer valence shell is completely filled with eight electrons. This produces a stable, minimum energy configuration in which the outer electrons are tightly bound. It is thought that similarly, oganesson has a closed outer valence shell in which its valence electrons are arranged in a 7s7p configuration. Consequently, some expect oganesson to have similar physical and chemical properties to other members of its group, most closely resembling the noble gas", "id": "15996964" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\nNa or K). An alkaline earth metal of Group 2 (e.g., magnesium) is somewhat less reactive, because each atom must lose two valence electrons to form a positive ion with a closed shell (e.g., Mg). Within each group (each periodic table column) of metals, reactivity increases with each lower row of the table (from a light element to a heavier element), because a heavier element has more electron shells than a lighter element; a heavier element's valence electrons exist at higher principal", "id": "11942314" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\ngermanium, though gallium participates in semi-conductors such as gallium arsenide. Zinc and cadmium are electropositive while mercury is not. As a result, zinc and cadmium metal are good reducing agents. The elements of group 12 have an oxidation state of +2 in which the ions have the rather stable d electronic configuration, with a full sub-shell. However, mercury can easily be reduced to the +1 oxidation state; usually, as in the ion , two mercury(I) ions come together to form a metal-metal bond", "id": "15956160" }, { "contents": "Metallic bonding\n\n\nvalence electrons. The radii also increase down the group due to increase in principal quantum number. Between rows 3 and 4, the lanthanide contraction is observed – there is very little increase of the radius down the group due to the presence of poorly shielding f orbitals. The atoms in metals have a strong attractive force between them. Much energy is required to overcome it. Therefore, metals often have high boiling points, with tungsten (5828 K) being extremely high. A remarkable exception is the elements of the zinc group", "id": "20423263" }, { "contents": "Noble gas\n\n\nnoble gases are farther away from the nucleus and are therefore not held as tightly together by the atom. Noble gases have the largest ionization potential among the elements of each period, which reflects the stability of their electron configuration and is related to their relative lack of chemical reactivity. Some of the heavier noble gases, however, have ionization potentials small enough to be comparable to those of other elements and molecules. It was the insight that xenon has an ionization potential similar to that of the oxygen molecule that led Bartlett to attempt", "id": "1233453" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nThe p orbital consists of six lobed shapes coming from a central point at evenly spaced angles. The p orbital can hold a maximum of six electrons, hence there are six columns in the p-block. Elements in column 13, the first column of the p-block, have one p-orbital electron. Elements in column 14, the second column of the p-block, have two p-orbital electrons. The trend continues this way until column 18, which has six p-orbital electrons. They", "id": "2070045" }, { "contents": "Actinide chemistry\n\n\nActinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides. The actinides derive their name from the group 3 element actinium. The informal chemical symbol An is used in general discussions of actinide chemistry to refer to any actinide. All but one of the actinides are f-block elements, corresponding to the filling of the 5f electron shell; lawrencium, a d-block element, is also generally considered an actinide. In comparison with the lanthanides", "id": "8110499" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n) and the actinides (like actinium). Not everyone agrees on the exact membership of each set of elements. For example, some scientists regard the group 12 elements Zn, Cd and Hg as main group, rather than transition group, because they are chemically and physically more similar to the p-block elements than the other d-block elements. The group 3 elements are sometimes considered main group elements due to their similarities to the s-block elements. Groups (columns) in the f-block (between", "id": "2070041" }, { "contents": "Gallium(III) bromide\n\n\n, but when it forms the dimer GaBr the geometry around the Gallium center distorts to become roughly tetrahedral. As a solid, GaBr forms a monoclinic crystalline structure with a unit cell volume of 524.16Å. Additional specifications for this unit cell are as follows: A=8.87Å, B=5.64Å, C=11.01Å, α=90˚, β=107.81˚, γ=90˚ Gallium is the lightest Group 13 metal with a filled d-shell, and has an electronic configuration of (Ar 3d10 4s2 4p1) below the valence electrons that could take part in d-π bonding with ligands.", "id": "7203142" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\ngroups 3 and 4) are not numbered. Helium is from the s-block, with its outer (and only) electrons in the 1s atomic orbital, although its chemical properties are more similar to the p-block noble gases due to its full shell. The s-block is on the left side of the conventional periodic table and is composed of elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus the nonmetals hydrogen and helium. Their", "id": "2070042" } ]

[ { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nsum of the first three ionization potentials of gallium is higher than that of aluminium, whereas the trend in the group would be for it to be lower. The second table below shows the trend in the sum of the first three ionization potentials for the elements B, Al, Sc, Y, La. Sc, Y, La are group 3 elements and have three valence electrons above a noble gas electron core. In contrast to the group 13 elements this sequence shows a smooth reduction. Other effects of the d-block", "id": "18881600" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\ncontraction are that the Ga ion is smaller than expected, being closer in size to Al. Care must be taken in interpreting the ionization potentials for indium and thallium, other effects e.g. the inert pair effect become increasingly important for the heavier members of the group. The cause of the d-block contraction is the poor shielding of the nuclear charge by the electrons in the d orbitals. The outer valence electrons are more strongly attracted by the nucleus causing the observed increase in ionization potentials. The d-block contraction can be", "id": "18881601" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nThe d-block contraction (sometimes called scandide contraction) is a term used in chemistry to describe the effect of having full d orbitals on the period 4 elements. The elements in question are Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, and Kr. Their electronic configurations include completely filled d orbitals (d). d-block contraction is best illustrated by comparing some properties of the group 13 elements to highlight the effect on gallium. Gallium can be seen to be anomalous. The most obvious effect is that the", "id": "18881599" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelement 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. The d-block contraction, which is a similar effect between the d-block and p-block, is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar cause. The first ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove one electron from an atom, the second ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove a second electron from the atom, and so on. For a given atom, successive", "id": "3472853" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\n6th period come after d-block elements, but the electrons present in the intervening d- (and f-) orbitals do not effectively shield the s-electrons of the valence shell. As a result, the \"inert pair\" of ns electrons remains more tightly held by the nucleus and hence participates less in bond formation . Consider as an example thallium (Tl) in group 13. The +1 oxidation state of Tl is the most stable, while Tl compounds are comparatively rare. The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases", "id": "9776231" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements (which have a greater nuclear charge but the same number of valence electrons), and the periodic trends down group 2 from beryllium to radium (similar to that of the alkali metals) are not as smooth when going down from beryllium to mercury (which is more similar to that of the p-block main groups) due to the d-block and lanthanide contractions. It is also the d-block and lanthanide contractions that give mercury many of its distinctive properties. All three metal ions form many tetrahedral species", "id": "15956168" }, { "contents": "Arsenic pentachloride\n\n\nthe elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed", "id": "16441988" }, { "contents": "Electronegativity\n\n\nthat caesium fluoride is the compound whose bonding features the most ionic character. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon, respectively, because of the d-block contraction. Elements of the fourth period immediately after the first row of the transition metals have unusually small atomic radii because the 3d-electrons are not effective at shielding the increased nuclear charge, and smaller atomic size correlates with higher electronegativity (see Allred-Rochow electronegativity, Sanderson electronegativity above). The anomalously", "id": "9632944" }, { "contents": "Aluminium(I)\n\n\nIn chemistry, aluminium(I) refers to monovalent aluminium (+1 oxidation state) in both ionic and covalent bonds. Along with aluminium(II), it is an extremely unstable form of aluminium. While late Group 3 elements such as thallium and indium prefer the +1 oxidation state, aluminium(I) is rare. Unlike late Group XIII elements, aluminium does not experience the inert pair effect, a phenomenon where valence s electrons are poorly shielded from nuclear charge due to the presence of filled d and f orbitals. As such, aluminium (III", "id": "11991348" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelectronegativity, the more an element attracts electrons. It was first proposed by Linus Pauling in 1932. In general, electronegativity increases on passing from left to right along a period, and decreases on descending a group. Hence, fluorine is the most electronegative of the elements, while caesium is the least, at least of those elements for which substantial data is available. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon respectively because of the d-block contraction. Elements of", "id": "3472856" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\na stable ion with an incomplete d subshell. Since the electrons added fill the orbitals, the properties of the \"d\"-block elements are quite different from those of \"s\" and \"p\" block elements in which the filling occurs either in \"s\" or in \"p\"-orbitals of the valence shell. The electronic configuration of the individual elements present in all the d-block series are given below: A careful look at the electronic configuration of the elements reveals that there are certain exceptions, for example Cr and Cu.", "id": "11651400" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nThe term \"inert pair effect\" is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation states that are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15 and 16. The term \"inert pair\" was first proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927. The name suggests that the outermost \"s\" electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus in these atoms, and therefore more difficult to ionize or share. For example, the p-block elements of the 4th, 5th and", "id": "9776230" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshielding by d and f electrons. A uniform decrease in electron affinity only applies to group 1 atoms. The lower the values of ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity, the more metallic character the element has. Conversely, nonmetallic character increases with higher values of these properties. Given the periodic trends of these three properties, metallic character tends to decrease going across a period (or row) and, with some irregularities (mostly) due to poor screening of the nucleus by d and f electrons, and relativistic effects,", "id": "3472860" }, { "contents": "Lead\n\n\na group, as an element's outer electrons become more distant from the nucleus, and more shielded by smaller orbitals. The similarity of ionization energies is caused by the lanthanide contraction—the decrease in element radii from lanthanum (atomic number 57) to lutetium (71), and the relatively small radii of the elements from hafnium (72) onwards. This is due to poor shielding of the nucleus by the lanthanide 4f electrons. The sum of the first four ionization energies of lead exceeds that of tin, contrary to", "id": "17864701" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nthe screening electrons near the core of high- atoms. This relativistic increase in momentum for high speed electrons causes a corresponding decrease in wavelength and contraction of 6s orbitals relative to 5d orbitals (by comparison to corresponding s and d electrons in lighter elements in the same column of the periodic table); this results in 6s valence electrons becoming lowered in energy. Examples of significant physical outcomes of this effect include the lowered melting temperature of mercury (which results from 6s electrons not being available for metal bonding) and the golden color of", "id": "861611" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\n, electrons already present shield the outer electrons from nuclear charge, making them experience a lower effective charge on the nucleus. The shielding effect exerted by the inner electrons decreases in the order \"s\" \"p\" \"d\" \"f\". Usually, as a particular subshell is filled in a period, atomic radius decreases. This effect is particularly pronounced in the case of lanthanides, as the 4\"f\" subshell which is filled across these elements is not very effective at shielding the outer shell (n=5 and n=6)", "id": "13657314" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nblock. In the \"d\"-block the atoms of the elements have between 1 and 10 \"d\" electrons. The elements of groups 4–11 are generally recognized as transition metals, justified by their typical chemistry, i.e. a large range of complex ions in various oxidation states, colored complexes, and catalytic properties either as the element or as ions (or both). Sc and Y in group 3 are also generally recognized as transition metals. However, the elements La–Lu and Ac–Lr and group 12 attract different definitions", "id": "11651392" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nin the following sequence: The same trend in stability is noted in groups 14, 15 and 16. The heaviest members of each group, i.e. lead, bismuth and polonium are comparatively stable in oxidation states +2, +3, and +4 respectively. The lower oxidation state in each of the elements in question has 2 valence electrons in s - orbitals. On the face of it, a simple explanation could be that the valence electrons in an s orbital are more tightly bound and are of lower energy than electrons in p orbitals", "id": "9776232" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. The block names (s, p, d and f) are derived from the spectroscopic notation for the associated atomic orbitals: sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental. There is an approximate correspondence between this nomenclature of blocks, based on electronic configuration, and groupings of elements based on chemical properties. The s-block and p-block together are usually considered main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, and the f-block encompasses nearly all of the lanthanides (like lanthanum", "id": "2070040" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nare mostly covalent in nature. They show variable oxidation states. The reactivity of elements in a group generally decreases downwards. The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties in simple incomplete d orbitals. Transition basically means d orbital lies between s and p orbitals and shows a transition from properties of s to p. The d-block", "id": "2070046" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nand p-block in the 4th and 5th rows. The known f-block elements come in two series, the lanthanides of period 6 and the radioactive actinides of period 7. All are metals. Because the f-orbital electrons are less active in determining the chemistry of these elements, their chemical properties are mostly determined by outer s-orbital electrons. Consequently, there is much less chemical variability within the f-block than within the s-, p-, or d-blocks. The f-block elements are", "id": "2070049" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\nreferred to as, respectively, the 'scandide' or 'd-block contraction', and the 'lanthanide contraction'. Relativistic effects also \"increase the binding energy\", and hence ionisation energy, of the electrons in \"the 6s shell in gold and mercury, and the 6p shell in subsequent elements of period 6.\" The origin of the term \"post-transition metal\" is unclear. An early usage is recorded by Deming, in 1940, in his well-known book \"Fundamental Chemistry.", "id": "19783910" }, { "contents": "Atomic radius\n\n\nthe elements immediately above them. Hence hafnium has virtually the same atomic radius (and chemistry) as zirconium, and tantalum has an atomic radius similar to niobium, and so forth. The effect of the lanthanide contraction is noticeable up to platinum (\"Z\" = 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. Due to lanthanide contraction, the 5 following observations can be drawn: The d-block contraction is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar", "id": "4346523" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block. Their general valence configuration is \"n\"s \"n\"p. This block contains a variety of elements and is the only block that contains all three types of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Generally, the p-block elements are best described in terms of element type or group. The p-block elements are unified by the fact that their valence electrons (outermost electrons) are in the p orbital.", "id": "2070044" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nare on the right side of the d-block, from group 8 to 11 (and 12 if it is counted as transition metals). The general electronic configuration of the \"d\"-block elements is [Inert gas] (\"n\" − 1)\"d\"\"n s\". The period 6 and 7 transition metals also add (\"n\" − 2)\"f\" electrons, which are omitted from the tables below. The Madelung rule predicts that the typical electronic structure of transition metal atoms can be written as [inert gas]\"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d", "id": "11651396" }, { "contents": "Boron group\n\n\nThe boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, comprising boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and perhaps also the chemically uncharacterized nihonium (Nh). The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three electrons in their outer energy levels (valence layers). These elements have also been referred to as the triels. Boron is classified as a typical non-metal while the rest, with the", "id": "14490374" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nan increasing distance between valence electrons and the nucleus. There are exceptions to these trends: for example, in group 11, electronegativity increases farther down the group. A \"period\" is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups generally have more significant periodic trends, there are regions where horizontal trends are more significant than vertical group trends, such as the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy", "id": "3472840" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nA block of the periodic table is a set of chemical elements having their differentiating electrons predominately in the same atomic orbital type. A differentiating electron is the electron that differentiates an element from the previous one. For example, sodium [Na] 3s, when compared to neon [He] 2s2p, has an s- differentiating electron. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet. Each block is named after its characteristic orbital: s-block; p-block; d-block; and f-block", "id": "2070039" }, { "contents": "Resonance (chemistry)\n\n\nfor H and He and effectively for Li as well. The issue of expansion of the valence shell of third period and heavier main group elements is controversial. A Lewis structure in which a central atom has a valence electron count greater than eight traditionally implies the participation of d orbitals in bonding. However, the consensus opinion is that while they may make a marginal contribution, the participation of d orbitals is unimportant, and the bonding of so-called hypervalent molecules are, for the most part, better explained by charge-", "id": "277035" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natom on gaining an electron because it obtains a filled valence shell and is therefore more stable. A trend of decreasing electron affinity going down groups would be expected. The additional electron will be entering an orbital farther away from the nucleus. As such this electron would be less attracted to the nucleus and would release less energy when added. In going down a group, around one-third of elements are anomalous, with heavier elements having higher electron affinities than their next lighter congenors. Largely, this is due to the poor", "id": "3472859" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements in group 12 are usually considered to be d-block elements, but not transition elements as the d-shell is full. Some authors classify these elements as main-group elements because the valence electrons are in ns orbitals. Nevertheless, they share many characteristics with the neighboring group 11 elements on the periodic table, which are almost universally considered to be transition elements. For example, zinc shares many characteristics with the neighboring transition metal, copper. Zinc complexes merit inclusion in the Irving-Williams series as zinc forms", "id": "15956162" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\ncontract, ionisation energies increase, fewer electrons become available for metallic bonding, and \"ions [become] smaller and more polarizing and more prone to covalency.\" This phenomenon is more evident in period 4–6 post-transition metals, due to inefficient screening of their nuclear charges by their d and (in the case of the period 6 metals) f electron configurations; the screening power of electrons decreases in the sequence s p d f. The reductions in atomic size due to the interjection of the d- and f-blocks are", "id": "19783909" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nshielding of electrons from the core charge of the nucleus. For this reason ionization energy is lower for elements lower down in a group, and polarizability of species is higher for elements lower down in a group. The valency does not change going down a group since the bonding behavior is not affected by the core electrons. However, non-bonding interactions such as those just cited are affected by core electrons. Metallic properties increase down groups as decreasing attraction between the nuclei and the outermost electrons causes the outermost electrons to be loosely", "id": "9088962" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nelements are all metals which exhibit two or more ways of forming chemical bonds. Because there is a relatively small difference in the energy of the different d-orbital electrons, the number of electrons participating in chemical bonding can vary. This results in the same element exhibiting two or more oxidation states, which determines the type and number of its nearest neighbors in chemical compounds. The d-block elements are unified by mostly having one or more chemically active d-orbital electrons. The d-orbitals can contain up to five", "id": "2070047" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\nThe lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium. The term was coined by the Norwegian geochemist Victor Goldschmidt in his series \"Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente\". The effect results from poor shielding of nuclear charge (nuclear attractive force on electrons) by 4f electrons; the 6s electrons are drawn towards the nucleus", "id": "13657312" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nd-like orbitals occupied by the six electrons are no longer identical with the d orbitals of the free atom. There are several more exceptions to Madelung's rule among the heavier elements, and as atomic number increases it becomes more and more difficult to find simple explanations such as the stability of half-filled subshells. It is possible to predict most of the exceptions by Hartree–Fock calculations, which are an approximate method for taking account of the effect of the other electrons on orbital energies. For the heavier elements,", "id": "18614792" }, { "contents": "Ytterbium(III) chloride\n\n\nmuch smaller with increasing effective nuclear charge as a consequence of the \"f\" electrons not being as well shielded as \"d\" electrons. This behavior is known as the lanthanide contraction. The small size of Yb produces fast catalytic behavior and an atomic radius (0.99 Å) comparable to many biologically important ions. The gas-phase thermodynamic properties of this chemical are difficult to determine because the chemical can disproportionate to form [YbCl] or dimerize. The YbCl species was detected by electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry as", "id": "21610848" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nlonger distance between the nucleus and the valence electron shell, thereby decreasing the attraction, making the atom have less of an attraction for electrons or protons. However, in the group 13 elements electronegativity increases from aluminium to thallium, and in group 14 electronegativity of lead is lower than that of tin. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron shell of an isolated atom of an element. Sometimes, it is also regarded as the basis of Modern Periodic Table. In a period, the number of valence electrons increases (", "id": "9088960" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\n, in which main-group elements have apparent valences greater than the maximal of 4 allowed by the octet rule. For example, in the sulfur hexafluoride molecule (SF), Pauling considered that the sulfur forms 6 true two-electron bonds using spd hybrid atomic orbitals, which combine one s, three p and two d orbitals. However more recently, quantum-mechanical calculations on this and similar molecules have shown that the role of d orbitals in the bonding is minimal, and that the SF molecule should be described as", "id": "5443592" }, { "contents": "Compounds of fluorine\n\n\nelectron per atom, as are other halogen X molecules. However, the heavier halogens' p electron orbitals partly mix with those of d orbitals, which results in an increased effective bond order; for example, chlorine has a bond order of 1.12. Fluorine's electrons cannot exhibit this d character since there are no such d orbitals close in energy to fluorine's valence orbitals. This also helps explain why bonding in F is weaker than in Cl. Reactions with elemental fluorine are often sudden or explosive. Many substances that", "id": "21755143" }, { "contents": "Acceptor (semiconductors)\n\n\nIn semiconductor physics, an acceptor is a dopant atom that when added to a semiconductor can form a p-type region. For example, when silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, needs to be doped as a p-type semiconductor, elements from group III like boron (B) or aluminium (Al), having three valence electrons, can be used. The latter elements are also called trivalent impurities. Other trivalent dopants include indium (In) and gallium (Ga). When substituting for a", "id": "14124918" }, { "contents": "Carbon group\n\n\n, or (not coincidentally) from the fact that these elements have four valence electrons (see below). Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior: Each of the elements in this group has 4 electrons in its outer orbital (the atom's top energy level). The last orbital of all these elements is the p orbital. In most cases, the elements share their electrons. The tendency to lose electrons increases", "id": "12572907" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nalways feels the same effective nuclear charge (+1), the only factor which affects the first ionisation energy is the distance from the outermost electron to the nucleus. Since this distance increases down the group, the outermost electron feels less attraction from the nucleus and thus the first ionisation energy decreases. (This trend is broken in francium due to the relativistic stabilisation and contraction of the 7s orbital, bringing francium's valence electron closer to the nucleus than would be expected from non-relativistic calculations. This makes francium's outermost electron", "id": "71727" }, { "contents": "Indium\n\n\nis attributed to the inert pair effect, in which relativistic effects stabilize the 5s-orbital, observed in heavier elements. Thallium (indium's heavier homolog) shows an even stronger effect, causing oxidation to thallium(I) to be more probable than to thallium(III), whereas gallium (indium's lighter homolog) commonly shows only the +3 oxidation state. Thus, although thallium(III) is a moderately strong oxidizing agent, indium(III) is not, and many indium(I) compounds are powerful reducing agents. While the energy required to include the", "id": "14895372" }, { "contents": "Shielding effect\n\n\nIn general we can order the electron shells (s,p,d,f) as such where \"S\" is the screening strength that a given orbital provides to the rest of the electrons. In hydrogen, or any other atom in group 1A of the periodic table (those with only one valence electron), the force on the electron is just as large as the electromagnetic attraction from the nucleus of the atom. However, when more electrons are involved, each electron (in the \"n\"-shell) experiences not", "id": "14750612" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nzinc, cadmium and mercury are sometimes regarded as linking the \"d\" block to the \"p\" block. Notionally they are \"d\" block elements but they have few transition metal properties and are more like their \"p\" block neighbors in group 13. The relatively inert noble gases, in group 18, bridge the most reactive groups of elements in the periodic table—the halogens in group 17 and the alkali metals in group 1. In 1789, Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33 chemical elements, grouping", "id": "3472864" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\n, the concept of the valence electron is less useful for a transition metal than for a main group element; the d electron count is an alternative tool for understanding the chemistry of a transition metal. The number of electrons in an atom's outermost valence shell governs its bonding behavior. Therefore, elements whose atoms can have the same number of valence electrons are grouped together in the periodic table of the elements. As a general rule, a main group element (except hydrogen or helium) tends to react to form a closed", "id": "11942312" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide\n\n\nlanthanum or lutetium is considered a d-block element, but is included due to its chemical similarities with the other 14. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum to lutetium. They are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum. Both lanthanum and lutetium have been labeled as group 3 elements, because they have a single valence electron in the 5d shell. However, both elements are often included in discussions", "id": "18665634" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\nhave only been performed on single atoms. A direct relativistic effect is that as the atomic numbers of elements increase, the innermost electrons begin to revolve faster around the nucleus as a result of an increase of electromagnetic attraction between an electron and a nucleus. Similar effects have been found for the outermost s orbitals (and p ones, though in dubnium they are not occupied): for example, the 7s orbital contracts by 25% in size and is stabilized by 2.6 eV. A more indirect effect is that the contracted s and", "id": "8430315" }, { "contents": "Gallium trichloride\n\n\ntwo bridging chlorides. Its structure resembles that of aluminium tribromide. In contrast AlCl and InCl feature contain 6 coordinate metal centers. As a consequence of its molecular nature and associated low lattice energy, gallium trichloride has a lower melting point vs the aluminium and indium trihalides. The formula of GaCl is often written as Ga(μ-Cl)Cl. In the gas phase the dimers dissociate to trigonal planar monomers. Gallium is the lightest member of Group 13 to have a full \"d\" shell, (gallium has the electronic configuration Ar 3\"d\"10", "id": "8779707" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nmetallic radii of cadmium and mercury is an effect of the lanthanide contraction. So, the trend in this group is unlike the trend in group 2, the alkaline earths, where metallic radius increases smoothly from top to bottom of the group. All three metals have relatively low melting and boiling points, indicating that the metallic bond is relatively weak, with relatively little overlap between the valence band and the conduction band. Thus, zinc is close to the boundary between metallic and metalloid elements, which is usually placed between gallium and", "id": "15956159" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nthe atomic nucleus, as in the shell model of nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. For example, all the elements of group 2 have an electron configuration of [E] \"n\"s (where [E] is an inert gas configuration), and have notable similarities in their chemical properties. In general, the periodicity of the periodic table in terms of periodic table blocks is clearly due to the number of electrons (", "id": "18614780" }, { "contents": "Noble gas compound\n\n\n. The heavier noble gases have more electron shells than the lighter ones. Hence, the outermost electrons are subject to a shielding effect from the inner electrons that makes them more easily ionized, since they are less strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This results in an ionization energy low enough to form stable compounds with the most electronegative elements, fluorine and oxygen, and even with less electronegative elements such as nitrogen and carbon under certain circumstances. When the family of noble gases was first identified at the end of the nineteenth", "id": "3900654" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nnon-equilibrium conditions and is at odds to mercury's more typical chemistry, and Jensen has suggested that it would be better to regard mercury as not being a transition metal. Although group 12 lies in the d-block of the modern 18-column periodic table, the d electrons of zinc, cadmium, and (almost always) mercury behave as core electrons and do not take part in bonding. This behavior is similar to that of the main-group elements, but is in stark contrast to that of the neighboring group", "id": "15956165" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nin which the \"d\"-orbitals are not involved. This is because in a transition series, the valence shell electronic configuration of the elements do not change. However, there are some group similarities as well. There are a number of properties shared by the transition elements that are not found in other elements, which results from the partially filled \"d\" shell. These include Most transition metals can be bound to a variety of ligands, allowing for a wide variety of transition metal complexes. Colour in transition-series metal compounds", "id": "11651402" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nand therefore less likely to be involved in bonding. Unfortunately this explanation does not stand up. If the total ionization potentials (IP) (see below) of the 2 electrons in s orbitals (the 2nd + 3rd ionization potentials), are examined it can be seen that they increase in the sequence: An important consideration is that compounds in the lower oxidation state are ionic, whereas the compounds in the higher oxidation state tend to be covalent. Therefore, covalency effects must also be taken into account. In fact an", "id": "9776233" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nrelativistic effects may cause some of its properties to differ from those expected from a straight application of periodic trends. For example, unbiunium is expected to have a sp valence electron configuration instead of the sd of its lighter congeners in group 3, but this is not expected to significantly affect its chemistry, which is predicted to be that of a normal group 3 element; it would on the other hand significantly lower its first ionisation energy beyond what would be expected from periodic trends. Transactinide elements, such as unbiunium, are produced", "id": "8897625" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nto the lighter elements in groups 11 and 12 (particularly gold and mercury). As with mercury but not copernicium, ionization of element 166 to Uhh is expected to result in a 7d configuration corresponding to the loss of the s-electrons but not the d-electrons, making it more analogous to the lighter \"less relativistic\" group 12 elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury, which have essentially no transition-metal character. The next six elements on the periodic table should be the last main-group elements in", "id": "19154644" }, { "contents": "Unpaired electron\n\n\nunpaired electrons are stabilised by delocalisation. In contrast, radicals in d- and f-block chemistry are very common. The less directional, more diffuse d and f orbitals, in which unpaired electrons reside, overlap less effectively, form weaker bonds and thus dimerisation is generally disfavoured. These d and f orbitals also have comparatively smaller radial extension, disfavouring overlap to form dimers. Relatively more stable entities with unpaired electrons do exist, e.g. the nitric oxide molecule has one. According to Hund's rule, the spins of unpaired electrons", "id": "15135442" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natoms). A \"group\" or \"family\" is a vertical column in the periodic table. Groups usually have more significant periodic trends than periods and blocks, explained below. Modern quantum mechanical theories of atomic structure explain group trends by proposing that elements within the same group generally have the same electron configurations in their valence shell. Consequently, elements in the same group tend to have a shared chemistry and exhibit a clear trend in properties with increasing atomic number. In some parts of the periodic table, such as the", "id": "3472835" }, { "contents": "Electron shell\n\n\ngives the elements arranged by increasing atomic number and shows the number of electrons per shell. At a glance, one can see that subsets of the list show obvious patterns. In particular, the seven elements (in ) before a noble gas (group 18, in ) higher than helium have the number of electrons in the valence shell in arithmetic progression. (However, this pattern may break down in the seventh period due to relativistic effects.) Sorting the table by chemical group shows additional patterns, especially with respect to", "id": "19678744" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nof radial nodes in the 4f orbitals contribute to their core-like behavior in the lanthanide series, unlike the more valence-like 5f orbitals in the actinides; however, the relativistic expansion and destabilization of the 5g orbitals should partially compensate for their lack of radial nodes and hence smaller extent. While the lighter group 3 elements fill d-orbitals (Sc, [Ar]3d4s; Y, [Kr]4d5s; La, [Xe]5d6s; Ac, [Rn]6d7s), unbiunium is expected to fill the 8p orbital instead due to", "id": "8897650" }, { "contents": "Ionic bonding\n\n\nelement (usually nonmetal) with greater electron affinity accepts the electron(s) to attain a stable electron configuration, and after accepting electron(s) an atom becomes an anion. Typically, the stable electron configuration is one of the noble gases for elements in the s-block and the p-block, and particular stable electron configurations for d-block and f-block elements. The electrostatic attraction between the anions and cations leads to the formation of a solid with a crystallographic lattice in which the ions are stacked in an alternating fashion", "id": "15052078" }, { "contents": "Ion\n\n\nis exhausted of electrons. For this reason, ions tend to form in ways that leave them with full orbital blocks. For example, sodium has one \"valence electron\" in its outermost shell, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one lost electron, as . On the other side of the periodic table, chlorine has seven valence electrons, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one gained electron, as . Caesium has the lowest measured ionization energy of all the elements and helium has the greatest.", "id": "236384" }, { "contents": "Group (periodic table)\n\n\nIn chemistry, a group (also known as a family) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table, and the f-block columns (between groups 3 and 4) are not numbered. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms (i.e., the same core charge), as most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron. There are three systems", "id": "5268529" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\n20) of group-2 with the configuration [Ar]4\"s\", or scandium (Sc), the first element of group 3 with atomic number \"Z\" = 21 and configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\", depending on the definition used. As we move from left to right, electrons are added to the same \"d\"-sub-shell till it is complete. The element of group 11 in the first transition series is copper (Cu) with an atypical configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\". Despite the filled d subshell in metallic copper it nevertheless forms", "id": "11651399" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\np orbitals shield the charge of the nucleus more effectively, leaving less for the outer d and f electrons, which therefore move in larger orbitals. Dubnium is greatly affected by this: unlike the previous group 5 members, its 7s electrons are slightly more difficult to extract than its 6d electrons. Another effect is the spin–orbit interaction, particularly spin–orbit splitting, which splits the 6d subshell—the azimuthal quantum number ℓ of a d shell is 2—into two subshells, with four of the ten orbitals having their ℓ", "id": "8430316" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nand/or vertical trends. Elements in the same group tend to show patterns in atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. From top to bottom in a group, the atomic radii of the elements increase. Since there are more filled energy levels, valence electrons are found farther from the nucleus. From the top, each successive element has a lower ionization energy because it is easier to remove an electron since the atoms are less tightly bound. Similarly, a group has a top-to-bottom decrease in electronegativity due to", "id": "3472839" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nelectron configuration shows clear analogies with palladium with its 4d5s electron configuration. The noble metals of this series of transition metals are not expected to be as noble as their lighter homologues, due to the absence of an outer \"s\" shell for shielding and also because the 7d shell is strongly split into two subshells due to relativistic effects. This causes the first ionization energies of the 7d transition metals to be smaller than those of their lighter congeners. Calculations predict that the 7d electrons of element 164 (unhexquadium) should participate very", "id": "19154637" }, { "contents": "Bent's rule\n\n\n. Bent's rule can be generalized to d-block elements as well. The hybridisation of a metal center is arranged so that orbitals with more s character are directed towards ligands that form bonds with more covalent character. Equivalently, orbitals with more d character are directed towards groups that form bonds of greater ionic character. The validity of Bent's rule for 75 bond types between the main group elements was examined recently. For bonds with the larger atoms from the lower periods, trends in orbital hybridization depend strongly on both electronegativity", "id": "1746559" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\nto competing horizontal and vertical trends in the nuclear charge. Going along a period, the nuclear charge increases with atomic number as do the number of electrons. The additional pull on outer electrons as nuclear charge increases generally outweighs the screening effect of having more electrons. With some irregularities, atoms therefore become smaller, ionization energy increases, and there is a gradual change in character, across a period, from strongly metallic, to weakly metallic, to weakly nonmetallic, to strongly nonmetallic elements. Going down a main group, the", "id": "5142301" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\nhaving 6 polar covalent (partly ionic) bonds made from only four orbitals on sulfur (one s and three p) in accordance with the octet rule, together with six orbitals on the fluorines. Similar calculations on transition-metal molecules show that the role of p orbitals is minor, so that one s and five d orbitals on the metal are sufficient to describe the bonding. For elements in the main groups of the periodic table, the valence can vary between 1 and 7. Many elements have a common valence related", "id": "5443593" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\n, Ge, Sb, Po) lie just below the line. The diagonal positioning of the metalloids represents an exception to the observation that elements with similar properties tend to occur in vertical groups. A related effect can be seen in other diagonal similarities between some elements and their lower right neighbours, specifically lithium-magnesium, beryllium-aluminium, and boron-silicon. Rayner-Canham has argued that these similarities extend to carbon-phosphorus, nitrogen-sulfur, and into three d-block series. This exception arises due", "id": "5142300" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nhave an electron affinity higher than all the alkali metals lighter than it. Relativistic effects also cause a very large drop in the polarisability of ununennium. On the other hand, ununennium is predicted to continue the trend of melting points decreasing going down the group, being expected to have a melting point between 0 °C and 30 °C. The stabilisation of ununennium's valence electron and thus the contraction of the 8s orbital cause its atomic radius to be lowered to 240 pm, very close to that of rubidium (247 pm", "id": "71789" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nbehaves like a noble gas, and thus is taken to be part of the group 18 elements. However, in terms of its nuclear structure it belongs to the s block, and is therefore sometimes classified as a group 2 element, or simultaneously both 2 and 18. Hydrogen readily loses and gains an electron, and so behaves chemically as both a group 1 and a group 17 element. Period 2 elements involve the 2s and 2p orbitals. They include the biologically most essential elements besides hydrogen: carbon, nitrogen, and", "id": "5268637" }, { "contents": "Group 9 element\n\n\nGroup 9 is a group (column) of chemical elements in the periodic table. Members are cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and meitnerium (Mt). These are all transition metals in the d-block. Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior; however, rhodium deviates from the pattern. \"Group 9\" is the modern standard designation for this group, adopted by", "id": "15956141" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nvisualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter. In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up (in approximation) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The repeating \"periodicity\" of the blocks of 2, 6, 10, and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s, p, d and f atomic orbitals, respectively, although for", "id": "861537" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nelectron in that \"s\"-sub shell in its ground state. The \"s\"-sub-shell in the valence shell is represented as the \"ns\" sub-shell, e.g. 4s. In the periodic table, the transition metals are present in eight groups (4 to 11), with some authors including some elements in groups 3 or 12. The elements in group 3 have an \"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d\" configuration. The first transition series is present in the 4th period, and starts after Ca (\"Z\" =", "id": "11651398" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nenergy. This will cause the electron shells to mix so that the block concept no longer applies very well, and will also result in novel chemical properties that will make positioning these elements in a periodic table very difficult. For example, element 164 is expected to mix characteristics of the elements of group 10, 12, 14, and 18. The first two elements of period 8 will be ununennium and unbinilium, elements 119 and 120. Their electron configurations should have the 8s orbital being filled. This orbital is relativistically stabilized", "id": "19154617" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\npairs of electrons; hence, the block includes ten columns in the periodic table. The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but is footnoted in 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals because they provide a transition between the s-block and d-block in the 6th and 7th row (period), in the same way that the d-block transition metals provide a transitional bridge between the s-block", "id": "2070048" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nnumber of electrons in a particular subshell fall into the same columns (e.g. oxygen and selenium are in the same column because they both have four electrons in the outermost p-subshell). Elements with similar chemical properties generally fall into the same group in the periodic table, although in the f-block, and to some respect in the d-block, the elements in the same period tend to have similar properties, as well. Thus, it is relatively easy to predict the chemical properties of an element if one", "id": "3472832" }, { "contents": "Roentgenium\n\n\ngroup 11 elements, copper, silver, and gold, all have an outer electron configuration nd(n+1)s. For each of these elements, the first excited state of their atoms has a configuration nd(n+1)s. Due to spin-orbit coupling between the d electrons, this state is split into a pair of energy levels. For copper, the difference in energy between the ground state and lowest excited state causes the metal to appear reddish. For silver, the energy gap widens and it becomes silvery. However, as the atomic number increases", "id": "14700092" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nat a noble-gas electronic configuration. As of 2016, a total of 118 elements have been discovered and confirmed. Modern quantum mechanics explains these periodic trends in properties in terms of electron shells. As atomic number increases, shells fill with electrons in approximately the order shown at right. The filling of each shell corresponds to a row in the table. In the s-block and p-block of the periodic table, elements within the same period generally do not exhibit trends and similarities in properties (vertical trends down", "id": "5268635" }, { "contents": "Nonmetal\n\n\nnoble gas at that. Radon trioxide (RnO) is expected to be acidic. Oganesson, the heaviest element on the periodic table, has only recently been synthesized. Owing to its short half-life, its chemical properties have not yet been investigated. Due to the significant relativistic destabilisation of the 7p orbitals, it is expected to be significantly reactive and behave more similarly to the group 14 elements, as it effectively has four valence electrons outside a pseudo-noble gas core. Its boiling point is expected to be about", "id": "13626148" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nalso dependent upon additional details of the atoms (see ). The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom increases with the atomic number. The electrons in the outermost shell, or \"valence electrons\", tend to be responsible for an element's chemical behavior. Elements that contain the same number of valence electrons can be grouped together and display similar chemical properties. For elements with high atomic number , the effects of relativity become more pronounced, and especially so for s electrons, which move at relativistic velocities as they penetrate", "id": "861610" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\n, such as its valence electron configuration and having a dominant +5 oxidation state, with the other group 5 elements, with a few anomalies due to relativistic effects. A limited investigation of dubnium chemistry has confirmed this. Solution chemistry experiments have revealed that dubnium often behaves more like niobium rather than tantalum, breaking periodic trends. Uranium, element 92, is the heaviest element to occur in significant quantity in nature; heavier elements can only be produced practically by synthesis. The first synthesis of a new element—neptunium, element 93—was", "id": "8430291" }, { "contents": "D electron count\n\n\nserious conflicts with experimental observations for transition metal centers under most ambient conditions. Under most conditions all of the valence electrons of a transition metal center are located in d orbitals while the standard model of electron configuration would predict some of them to be in the pertinent s orbital. The valence of a transition metal center can be described by standard quantum numbers. The Aufbau principle and Madelung's rule would predict for period \"n\" that the \"n\"s orbitals fill prior to the (\"n\" − 1)d orbitals. For example", "id": "6521603" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. By this definition all of the elements in groups 3–11 are transition metals. The IUPAC definition therefore excludes group 12, comprising zinc, cadmium and mercury, from the transition metals category. Some chemists treat the categories \"d-block elements\" and \"transition metals\" interchangeably, thereby including groups 3–12 among the transition metals. In this instance the group 12 elements are treated as a special case of transition metal in which the d electrons", "id": "3472905" }, { "contents": "Group 3 element\n\n\nGroup 3 is a group of elements in the periodic table. This group, like other d-block groups, should contain four elements, but it is not agreed what elements belong in the group. Scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) are always included, but the other two spaces are usually occupied by lanthanum (La) and actinium (Ac), or by lutetium (Lu) and lawrencium (Lr); less frequently, it is considered the group should be expanded to 32 elements (with all", "id": "10452969" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\n+1 and +2 oxidation states respectively. The 9s electrons should have ionization energies comparable to those of the 3s electrons of sodium and magnesium, due to relativistic effects causing the 9s electrons to be much more strongly bound than non-relativistic calculations would predict. Elements 165 and 166 should normally exhibit the +1 and +2 oxidation states respectively, although the ionization energies of the 7d electrons are low enough to allow higher oxidation states like +3 for element 165. The oxidation state +4 for element 166 is less likely, creating a situation similar", "id": "19154643" }, { "contents": "Oganesson\n\n\nelements. The members of this group are usually inert to most common chemical reactions (for example, combustion) because the outer valence shell is completely filled with eight electrons. This produces a stable, minimum energy configuration in which the outer electrons are tightly bound. It is thought that similarly, oganesson has a closed outer valence shell in which its valence electrons are arranged in a 7s7p configuration. Consequently, some expect oganesson to have similar physical and chemical properties to other members of its group, most closely resembling the noble gas", "id": "15996964" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\nNa or K). An alkaline earth metal of Group 2 (e.g., magnesium) is somewhat less reactive, because each atom must lose two valence electrons to form a positive ion with a closed shell (e.g., Mg). Within each group (each periodic table column) of metals, reactivity increases with each lower row of the table (from a light element to a heavier element), because a heavier element has more electron shells than a lighter element; a heavier element's valence electrons exist at higher principal", "id": "11942314" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\ngermanium, though gallium participates in semi-conductors such as gallium arsenide. Zinc and cadmium are electropositive while mercury is not. As a result, zinc and cadmium metal are good reducing agents. The elements of group 12 have an oxidation state of +2 in which the ions have the rather stable d electronic configuration, with a full sub-shell. However, mercury can easily be reduced to the +1 oxidation state; usually, as in the ion , two mercury(I) ions come together to form a metal-metal bond", "id": "15956160" }, { "contents": "Metallic bonding\n\n\nvalence electrons. The radii also increase down the group due to increase in principal quantum number. Between rows 3 and 4, the lanthanide contraction is observed – there is very little increase of the radius down the group due to the presence of poorly shielding f orbitals. The atoms in metals have a strong attractive force between them. Much energy is required to overcome it. Therefore, metals often have high boiling points, with tungsten (5828 K) being extremely high. A remarkable exception is the elements of the zinc group", "id": "20423263" }, { "contents": "Noble gas\n\n\nnoble gases are farther away from the nucleus and are therefore not held as tightly together by the atom. Noble gases have the largest ionization potential among the elements of each period, which reflects the stability of their electron configuration and is related to their relative lack of chemical reactivity. Some of the heavier noble gases, however, have ionization potentials small enough to be comparable to those of other elements and molecules. It was the insight that xenon has an ionization potential similar to that of the oxygen molecule that led Bartlett to attempt", "id": "1233453" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nThe p orbital consists of six lobed shapes coming from a central point at evenly spaced angles. The p orbital can hold a maximum of six electrons, hence there are six columns in the p-block. Elements in column 13, the first column of the p-block, have one p-orbital electron. Elements in column 14, the second column of the p-block, have two p-orbital electrons. The trend continues this way until column 18, which has six p-orbital electrons. They", "id": "2070045" }, { "contents": "Actinide chemistry\n\n\nActinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides. The actinides derive their name from the group 3 element actinium. The informal chemical symbol An is used in general discussions of actinide chemistry to refer to any actinide. All but one of the actinides are f-block elements, corresponding to the filling of the 5f electron shell; lawrencium, a d-block element, is also generally considered an actinide. In comparison with the lanthanides", "id": "8110499" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n) and the actinides (like actinium). Not everyone agrees on the exact membership of each set of elements. For example, some scientists regard the group 12 elements Zn, Cd and Hg as main group, rather than transition group, because they are chemically and physically more similar to the p-block elements than the other d-block elements. The group 3 elements are sometimes considered main group elements due to their similarities to the s-block elements. Groups (columns) in the f-block (between", "id": "2070041" }, { "contents": "Gallium(III) bromide\n\n\n, but when it forms the dimer GaBr the geometry around the Gallium center distorts to become roughly tetrahedral. As a solid, GaBr forms a monoclinic crystalline structure with a unit cell volume of 524.16Å. Additional specifications for this unit cell are as follows: A=8.87Å, B=5.64Å, C=11.01Å, α=90˚, β=107.81˚, γ=90˚ Gallium is the lightest Group 13 metal with a filled d-shell, and has an electronic configuration of (Ar 3d10 4s2 4p1) below the valence electrons that could take part in d-π bonding with ligands.", "id": "7203142" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\ngroups 3 and 4) are not numbered. Helium is from the s-block, with its outer (and only) electrons in the 1s atomic orbital, although its chemical properties are more similar to the p-block noble gases due to its full shell. The s-block is on the left side of the conventional periodic table and is composed of elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus the nonmetals hydrogen and helium. Their", "id": "2070042" } ]

[ { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nsum of the first three ionization potentials of gallium is higher than that of aluminium, whereas the trend in the group would be for it to be lower. The second table below shows the trend in the sum of the first three ionization potentials for the elements B, Al, Sc, Y, La. Sc, Y, La are group 3 elements and have three valence electrons above a noble gas electron core. In contrast to the group 13 elements this sequence shows a smooth reduction. Other effects of the d-block", "id": "18881600" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\ncontraction are that the Ga ion is smaller than expected, being closer in size to Al. Care must be taken in interpreting the ionization potentials for indium and thallium, other effects e.g. the inert pair effect become increasingly important for the heavier members of the group. The cause of the d-block contraction is the poor shielding of the nuclear charge by the electrons in the d orbitals. The outer valence electrons are more strongly attracted by the nucleus causing the observed increase in ionization potentials. The d-block contraction can be", "id": "18881601" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nThe d-block contraction (sometimes called scandide contraction) is a term used in chemistry to describe the effect of having full d orbitals on the period 4 elements. The elements in question are Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, and Kr. Their electronic configurations include completely filled d orbitals (d). d-block contraction is best illustrated by comparing some properties of the group 13 elements to highlight the effect on gallium. Gallium can be seen to be anomalous. The most obvious effect is that the", "id": "18881599" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelement 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. The d-block contraction, which is a similar effect between the d-block and p-block, is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar cause. The first ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove one electron from an atom, the second ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove a second electron from the atom, and so on. For a given atom, successive", "id": "3472853" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\n6th period come after d-block elements, but the electrons present in the intervening d- (and f-) orbitals do not effectively shield the s-electrons of the valence shell. As a result, the \"inert pair\" of ns electrons remains more tightly held by the nucleus and hence participates less in bond formation . Consider as an example thallium (Tl) in group 13. The +1 oxidation state of Tl is the most stable, while Tl compounds are comparatively rare. The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases", "id": "9776231" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements (which have a greater nuclear charge but the same number of valence electrons), and the periodic trends down group 2 from beryllium to radium (similar to that of the alkali metals) are not as smooth when going down from beryllium to mercury (which is more similar to that of the p-block main groups) due to the d-block and lanthanide contractions. It is also the d-block and lanthanide contractions that give mercury many of its distinctive properties. All three metal ions form many tetrahedral species", "id": "15956168" }, { "contents": "Arsenic pentachloride\n\n\nthe elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed", "id": "16441988" }, { "contents": "Electronegativity\n\n\nthat caesium fluoride is the compound whose bonding features the most ionic character. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon, respectively, because of the d-block contraction. Elements of the fourth period immediately after the first row of the transition metals have unusually small atomic radii because the 3d-electrons are not effective at shielding the increased nuclear charge, and smaller atomic size correlates with higher electronegativity (see Allred-Rochow electronegativity, Sanderson electronegativity above). The anomalously", "id": "9632944" }, { "contents": "Aluminium(I)\n\n\nIn chemistry, aluminium(I) refers to monovalent aluminium (+1 oxidation state) in both ionic and covalent bonds. Along with aluminium(II), it is an extremely unstable form of aluminium. While late Group 3 elements such as thallium and indium prefer the +1 oxidation state, aluminium(I) is rare. Unlike late Group XIII elements, aluminium does not experience the inert pair effect, a phenomenon where valence s electrons are poorly shielded from nuclear charge due to the presence of filled d and f orbitals. As such, aluminium (III", "id": "11991348" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelectronegativity, the more an element attracts electrons. It was first proposed by Linus Pauling in 1932. In general, electronegativity increases on passing from left to right along a period, and decreases on descending a group. Hence, fluorine is the most electronegative of the elements, while caesium is the least, at least of those elements for which substantial data is available. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon respectively because of the d-block contraction. Elements of", "id": "3472856" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\na stable ion with an incomplete d subshell. Since the electrons added fill the orbitals, the properties of the \"d\"-block elements are quite different from those of \"s\" and \"p\" block elements in which the filling occurs either in \"s\" or in \"p\"-orbitals of the valence shell. The electronic configuration of the individual elements present in all the d-block series are given below: A careful look at the electronic configuration of the elements reveals that there are certain exceptions, for example Cr and Cu.", "id": "11651400" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nThe term \"inert pair effect\" is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation states that are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15 and 16. The term \"inert pair\" was first proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927. The name suggests that the outermost \"s\" electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus in these atoms, and therefore more difficult to ionize or share. For example, the p-block elements of the 4th, 5th and", "id": "9776230" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshielding by d and f electrons. A uniform decrease in electron affinity only applies to group 1 atoms. The lower the values of ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity, the more metallic character the element has. Conversely, nonmetallic character increases with higher values of these properties. Given the periodic trends of these three properties, metallic character tends to decrease going across a period (or row) and, with some irregularities (mostly) due to poor screening of the nucleus by d and f electrons, and relativistic effects,", "id": "3472860" }, { "contents": "Lead\n\n\na group, as an element's outer electrons become more distant from the nucleus, and more shielded by smaller orbitals. The similarity of ionization energies is caused by the lanthanide contraction—the decrease in element radii from lanthanum (atomic number 57) to lutetium (71), and the relatively small radii of the elements from hafnium (72) onwards. This is due to poor shielding of the nucleus by the lanthanide 4f electrons. The sum of the first four ionization energies of lead exceeds that of tin, contrary to", "id": "17864701" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nthe screening electrons near the core of high- atoms. This relativistic increase in momentum for high speed electrons causes a corresponding decrease in wavelength and contraction of 6s orbitals relative to 5d orbitals (by comparison to corresponding s and d electrons in lighter elements in the same column of the periodic table); this results in 6s valence electrons becoming lowered in energy. Examples of significant physical outcomes of this effect include the lowered melting temperature of mercury (which results from 6s electrons not being available for metal bonding) and the golden color of", "id": "861611" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\n, electrons already present shield the outer electrons from nuclear charge, making them experience a lower effective charge on the nucleus. The shielding effect exerted by the inner electrons decreases in the order \"s\" \"p\" \"d\" \"f\". Usually, as a particular subshell is filled in a period, atomic radius decreases. This effect is particularly pronounced in the case of lanthanides, as the 4\"f\" subshell which is filled across these elements is not very effective at shielding the outer shell (n=5 and n=6)", "id": "13657314" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nblock. In the \"d\"-block the atoms of the elements have between 1 and 10 \"d\" electrons. The elements of groups 4–11 are generally recognized as transition metals, justified by their typical chemistry, i.e. a large range of complex ions in various oxidation states, colored complexes, and catalytic properties either as the element or as ions (or both). Sc and Y in group 3 are also generally recognized as transition metals. However, the elements La–Lu and Ac–Lr and group 12 attract different definitions", "id": "11651392" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nin the following sequence: The same trend in stability is noted in groups 14, 15 and 16. The heaviest members of each group, i.e. lead, bismuth and polonium are comparatively stable in oxidation states +2, +3, and +4 respectively. The lower oxidation state in each of the elements in question has 2 valence electrons in s - orbitals. On the face of it, a simple explanation could be that the valence electrons in an s orbital are more tightly bound and are of lower energy than electrons in p orbitals", "id": "9776232" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. The block names (s, p, d and f) are derived from the spectroscopic notation for the associated atomic orbitals: sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental. There is an approximate correspondence between this nomenclature of blocks, based on electronic configuration, and groupings of elements based on chemical properties. The s-block and p-block together are usually considered main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, and the f-block encompasses nearly all of the lanthanides (like lanthanum", "id": "2070040" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nare mostly covalent in nature. They show variable oxidation states. The reactivity of elements in a group generally decreases downwards. The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties in simple incomplete d orbitals. Transition basically means d orbital lies between s and p orbitals and shows a transition from properties of s to p. The d-block", "id": "2070046" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nand p-block in the 4th and 5th rows. The known f-block elements come in two series, the lanthanides of period 6 and the radioactive actinides of period 7. All are metals. Because the f-orbital electrons are less active in determining the chemistry of these elements, their chemical properties are mostly determined by outer s-orbital electrons. Consequently, there is much less chemical variability within the f-block than within the s-, p-, or d-blocks. The f-block elements are", "id": "2070049" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\nreferred to as, respectively, the 'scandide' or 'd-block contraction', and the 'lanthanide contraction'. Relativistic effects also \"increase the binding energy\", and hence ionisation energy, of the electrons in \"the 6s shell in gold and mercury, and the 6p shell in subsequent elements of period 6.\" The origin of the term \"post-transition metal\" is unclear. An early usage is recorded by Deming, in 1940, in his well-known book \"Fundamental Chemistry.", "id": "19783910" }, { "contents": "Atomic radius\n\n\nthe elements immediately above them. Hence hafnium has virtually the same atomic radius (and chemistry) as zirconium, and tantalum has an atomic radius similar to niobium, and so forth. The effect of the lanthanide contraction is noticeable up to platinum (\"Z\" = 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. Due to lanthanide contraction, the 5 following observations can be drawn: The d-block contraction is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar", "id": "4346523" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block. Their general valence configuration is \"n\"s \"n\"p. This block contains a variety of elements and is the only block that contains all three types of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Generally, the p-block elements are best described in terms of element type or group. The p-block elements are unified by the fact that their valence electrons (outermost electrons) are in the p orbital.", "id": "2070044" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nare on the right side of the d-block, from group 8 to 11 (and 12 if it is counted as transition metals). The general electronic configuration of the \"d\"-block elements is [Inert gas] (\"n\" − 1)\"d\"\"n s\". The period 6 and 7 transition metals also add (\"n\" − 2)\"f\" electrons, which are omitted from the tables below. The Madelung rule predicts that the typical electronic structure of transition metal atoms can be written as [inert gas]\"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d", "id": "11651396" }, { "contents": "Boron group\n\n\nThe boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, comprising boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and perhaps also the chemically uncharacterized nihonium (Nh). The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three electrons in their outer energy levels (valence layers). These elements have also been referred to as the triels. Boron is classified as a typical non-metal while the rest, with the", "id": "14490374" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nan increasing distance between valence electrons and the nucleus. There are exceptions to these trends: for example, in group 11, electronegativity increases farther down the group. A \"period\" is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups generally have more significant periodic trends, there are regions where horizontal trends are more significant than vertical group trends, such as the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy", "id": "3472840" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nA block of the periodic table is a set of chemical elements having their differentiating electrons predominately in the same atomic orbital type. A differentiating electron is the electron that differentiates an element from the previous one. For example, sodium [Na] 3s, when compared to neon [He] 2s2p, has an s- differentiating electron. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet. Each block is named after its characteristic orbital: s-block; p-block; d-block; and f-block", "id": "2070039" }, { "contents": "Resonance (chemistry)\n\n\nfor H and He and effectively for Li as well. The issue of expansion of the valence shell of third period and heavier main group elements is controversial. A Lewis structure in which a central atom has a valence electron count greater than eight traditionally implies the participation of d orbitals in bonding. However, the consensus opinion is that while they may make a marginal contribution, the participation of d orbitals is unimportant, and the bonding of so-called hypervalent molecules are, for the most part, better explained by charge-", "id": "277035" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natom on gaining an electron because it obtains a filled valence shell and is therefore more stable. A trend of decreasing electron affinity going down groups would be expected. The additional electron will be entering an orbital farther away from the nucleus. As such this electron would be less attracted to the nucleus and would release less energy when added. In going down a group, around one-third of elements are anomalous, with heavier elements having higher electron affinities than their next lighter congenors. Largely, this is due to the poor", "id": "3472859" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements in group 12 are usually considered to be d-block elements, but not transition elements as the d-shell is full. Some authors classify these elements as main-group elements because the valence electrons are in ns orbitals. Nevertheless, they share many characteristics with the neighboring group 11 elements on the periodic table, which are almost universally considered to be transition elements. For example, zinc shares many characteristics with the neighboring transition metal, copper. Zinc complexes merit inclusion in the Irving-Williams series as zinc forms", "id": "15956162" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\ncontract, ionisation energies increase, fewer electrons become available for metallic bonding, and \"ions [become] smaller and more polarizing and more prone to covalency.\" This phenomenon is more evident in period 4–6 post-transition metals, due to inefficient screening of their nuclear charges by their d and (in the case of the period 6 metals) f electron configurations; the screening power of electrons decreases in the sequence s p d f. The reductions in atomic size due to the interjection of the d- and f-blocks are", "id": "19783909" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nshielding of electrons from the core charge of the nucleus. For this reason ionization energy is lower for elements lower down in a group, and polarizability of species is higher for elements lower down in a group. The valency does not change going down a group since the bonding behavior is not affected by the core electrons. However, non-bonding interactions such as those just cited are affected by core electrons. Metallic properties increase down groups as decreasing attraction between the nuclei and the outermost electrons causes the outermost electrons to be loosely", "id": "9088962" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nelements are all metals which exhibit two or more ways of forming chemical bonds. Because there is a relatively small difference in the energy of the different d-orbital electrons, the number of electrons participating in chemical bonding can vary. This results in the same element exhibiting two or more oxidation states, which determines the type and number of its nearest neighbors in chemical compounds. The d-block elements are unified by mostly having one or more chemically active d-orbital electrons. The d-orbitals can contain up to five", "id": "2070047" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\nThe lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium. The term was coined by the Norwegian geochemist Victor Goldschmidt in his series \"Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente\". The effect results from poor shielding of nuclear charge (nuclear attractive force on electrons) by 4f electrons; the 6s electrons are drawn towards the nucleus", "id": "13657312" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nd-like orbitals occupied by the six electrons are no longer identical with the d orbitals of the free atom. There are several more exceptions to Madelung's rule among the heavier elements, and as atomic number increases it becomes more and more difficult to find simple explanations such as the stability of half-filled subshells. It is possible to predict most of the exceptions by Hartree–Fock calculations, which are an approximate method for taking account of the effect of the other electrons on orbital energies. For the heavier elements,", "id": "18614792" }, { "contents": "Ytterbium(III) chloride\n\n\nmuch smaller with increasing effective nuclear charge as a consequence of the \"f\" electrons not being as well shielded as \"d\" electrons. This behavior is known as the lanthanide contraction. The small size of Yb produces fast catalytic behavior and an atomic radius (0.99 Å) comparable to many biologically important ions. The gas-phase thermodynamic properties of this chemical are difficult to determine because the chemical can disproportionate to form [YbCl] or dimerize. The YbCl species was detected by electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry as", "id": "21610848" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nlonger distance between the nucleus and the valence electron shell, thereby decreasing the attraction, making the atom have less of an attraction for electrons or protons. However, in the group 13 elements electronegativity increases from aluminium to thallium, and in group 14 electronegativity of lead is lower than that of tin. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron shell of an isolated atom of an element. Sometimes, it is also regarded as the basis of Modern Periodic Table. In a period, the number of valence electrons increases (", "id": "9088960" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\n, in which main-group elements have apparent valences greater than the maximal of 4 allowed by the octet rule. For example, in the sulfur hexafluoride molecule (SF), Pauling considered that the sulfur forms 6 true two-electron bonds using spd hybrid atomic orbitals, which combine one s, three p and two d orbitals. However more recently, quantum-mechanical calculations on this and similar molecules have shown that the role of d orbitals in the bonding is minimal, and that the SF molecule should be described as", "id": "5443592" }, { "contents": "Compounds of fluorine\n\n\nelectron per atom, as are other halogen X molecules. However, the heavier halogens' p electron orbitals partly mix with those of d orbitals, which results in an increased effective bond order; for example, chlorine has a bond order of 1.12. Fluorine's electrons cannot exhibit this d character since there are no such d orbitals close in energy to fluorine's valence orbitals. This also helps explain why bonding in F is weaker than in Cl. Reactions with elemental fluorine are often sudden or explosive. Many substances that", "id": "21755143" }, { "contents": "Acceptor (semiconductors)\n\n\nIn semiconductor physics, an acceptor is a dopant atom that when added to a semiconductor can form a p-type region. For example, when silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, needs to be doped as a p-type semiconductor, elements from group III like boron (B) or aluminium (Al), having three valence electrons, can be used. The latter elements are also called trivalent impurities. Other trivalent dopants include indium (In) and gallium (Ga). When substituting for a", "id": "14124918" }, { "contents": "Carbon group\n\n\n, or (not coincidentally) from the fact that these elements have four valence electrons (see below). Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior: Each of the elements in this group has 4 electrons in its outer orbital (the atom's top energy level). The last orbital of all these elements is the p orbital. In most cases, the elements share their electrons. The tendency to lose electrons increases", "id": "12572907" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nalways feels the same effective nuclear charge (+1), the only factor which affects the first ionisation energy is the distance from the outermost electron to the nucleus. Since this distance increases down the group, the outermost electron feels less attraction from the nucleus and thus the first ionisation energy decreases. (This trend is broken in francium due to the relativistic stabilisation and contraction of the 7s orbital, bringing francium's valence electron closer to the nucleus than would be expected from non-relativistic calculations. This makes francium's outermost electron", "id": "71727" }, { "contents": "Indium\n\n\nis attributed to the inert pair effect, in which relativistic effects stabilize the 5s-orbital, observed in heavier elements. Thallium (indium's heavier homolog) shows an even stronger effect, causing oxidation to thallium(I) to be more probable than to thallium(III), whereas gallium (indium's lighter homolog) commonly shows only the +3 oxidation state. Thus, although thallium(III) is a moderately strong oxidizing agent, indium(III) is not, and many indium(I) compounds are powerful reducing agents. While the energy required to include the", "id": "14895372" }, { "contents": "Shielding effect\n\n\nIn general we can order the electron shells (s,p,d,f) as such where \"S\" is the screening strength that a given orbital provides to the rest of the electrons. In hydrogen, or any other atom in group 1A of the periodic table (those with only one valence electron), the force on the electron is just as large as the electromagnetic attraction from the nucleus of the atom. However, when more electrons are involved, each electron (in the \"n\"-shell) experiences not", "id": "14750612" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nzinc, cadmium and mercury are sometimes regarded as linking the \"d\" block to the \"p\" block. Notionally they are \"d\" block elements but they have few transition metal properties and are more like their \"p\" block neighbors in group 13. The relatively inert noble gases, in group 18, bridge the most reactive groups of elements in the periodic table—the halogens in group 17 and the alkali metals in group 1. In 1789, Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33 chemical elements, grouping", "id": "3472864" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\n, the concept of the valence electron is less useful for a transition metal than for a main group element; the d electron count is an alternative tool for understanding the chemistry of a transition metal. The number of electrons in an atom's outermost valence shell governs its bonding behavior. Therefore, elements whose atoms can have the same number of valence electrons are grouped together in the periodic table of the elements. As a general rule, a main group element (except hydrogen or helium) tends to react to form a closed", "id": "11942312" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide\n\n\nlanthanum or lutetium is considered a d-block element, but is included due to its chemical similarities with the other 14. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum to lutetium. They are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum. Both lanthanum and lutetium have been labeled as group 3 elements, because they have a single valence electron in the 5d shell. However, both elements are often included in discussions", "id": "18665634" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\nhave only been performed on single atoms. A direct relativistic effect is that as the atomic numbers of elements increase, the innermost electrons begin to revolve faster around the nucleus as a result of an increase of electromagnetic attraction between an electron and a nucleus. Similar effects have been found for the outermost s orbitals (and p ones, though in dubnium they are not occupied): for example, the 7s orbital contracts by 25% in size and is stabilized by 2.6 eV. A more indirect effect is that the contracted s and", "id": "8430315" }, { "contents": "Gallium trichloride\n\n\ntwo bridging chlorides. Its structure resembles that of aluminium tribromide. In contrast AlCl and InCl feature contain 6 coordinate metal centers. As a consequence of its molecular nature and associated low lattice energy, gallium trichloride has a lower melting point vs the aluminium and indium trihalides. The formula of GaCl is often written as Ga(μ-Cl)Cl. In the gas phase the dimers dissociate to trigonal planar monomers. Gallium is the lightest member of Group 13 to have a full \"d\" shell, (gallium has the electronic configuration Ar 3\"d\"10", "id": "8779707" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nmetallic radii of cadmium and mercury is an effect of the lanthanide contraction. So, the trend in this group is unlike the trend in group 2, the alkaline earths, where metallic radius increases smoothly from top to bottom of the group. All three metals have relatively low melting and boiling points, indicating that the metallic bond is relatively weak, with relatively little overlap between the valence band and the conduction band. Thus, zinc is close to the boundary between metallic and metalloid elements, which is usually placed between gallium and", "id": "15956159" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nthe atomic nucleus, as in the shell model of nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. For example, all the elements of group 2 have an electron configuration of [E] \"n\"s (where [E] is an inert gas configuration), and have notable similarities in their chemical properties. In general, the periodicity of the periodic table in terms of periodic table blocks is clearly due to the number of electrons (", "id": "18614780" }, { "contents": "Noble gas compound\n\n\n. The heavier noble gases have more electron shells than the lighter ones. Hence, the outermost electrons are subject to a shielding effect from the inner electrons that makes them more easily ionized, since they are less strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This results in an ionization energy low enough to form stable compounds with the most electronegative elements, fluorine and oxygen, and even with less electronegative elements such as nitrogen and carbon under certain circumstances. When the family of noble gases was first identified at the end of the nineteenth", "id": "3900654" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nnon-equilibrium conditions and is at odds to mercury's more typical chemistry, and Jensen has suggested that it would be better to regard mercury as not being a transition metal. Although group 12 lies in the d-block of the modern 18-column periodic table, the d electrons of zinc, cadmium, and (almost always) mercury behave as core electrons and do not take part in bonding. This behavior is similar to that of the main-group elements, but is in stark contrast to that of the neighboring group", "id": "15956165" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nin which the \"d\"-orbitals are not involved. This is because in a transition series, the valence shell electronic configuration of the elements do not change. However, there are some group similarities as well. There are a number of properties shared by the transition elements that are not found in other elements, which results from the partially filled \"d\" shell. These include Most transition metals can be bound to a variety of ligands, allowing for a wide variety of transition metal complexes. Colour in transition-series metal compounds", "id": "11651402" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nand therefore less likely to be involved in bonding. Unfortunately this explanation does not stand up. If the total ionization potentials (IP) (see below) of the 2 electrons in s orbitals (the 2nd + 3rd ionization potentials), are examined it can be seen that they increase in the sequence: An important consideration is that compounds in the lower oxidation state are ionic, whereas the compounds in the higher oxidation state tend to be covalent. Therefore, covalency effects must also be taken into account. In fact an", "id": "9776233" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nrelativistic effects may cause some of its properties to differ from those expected from a straight application of periodic trends. For example, unbiunium is expected to have a sp valence electron configuration instead of the sd of its lighter congeners in group 3, but this is not expected to significantly affect its chemistry, which is predicted to be that of a normal group 3 element; it would on the other hand significantly lower its first ionisation energy beyond what would be expected from periodic trends. Transactinide elements, such as unbiunium, are produced", "id": "8897625" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nto the lighter elements in groups 11 and 12 (particularly gold and mercury). As with mercury but not copernicium, ionization of element 166 to Uhh is expected to result in a 7d configuration corresponding to the loss of the s-electrons but not the d-electrons, making it more analogous to the lighter \"less relativistic\" group 12 elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury, which have essentially no transition-metal character. The next six elements on the periodic table should be the last main-group elements in", "id": "19154644" }, { "contents": "Unpaired electron\n\n\nunpaired electrons are stabilised by delocalisation. In contrast, radicals in d- and f-block chemistry are very common. The less directional, more diffuse d and f orbitals, in which unpaired electrons reside, overlap less effectively, form weaker bonds and thus dimerisation is generally disfavoured. These d and f orbitals also have comparatively smaller radial extension, disfavouring overlap to form dimers. Relatively more stable entities with unpaired electrons do exist, e.g. the nitric oxide molecule has one. According to Hund's rule, the spins of unpaired electrons", "id": "15135442" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natoms). A \"group\" or \"family\" is a vertical column in the periodic table. Groups usually have more significant periodic trends than periods and blocks, explained below. Modern quantum mechanical theories of atomic structure explain group trends by proposing that elements within the same group generally have the same electron configurations in their valence shell. Consequently, elements in the same group tend to have a shared chemistry and exhibit a clear trend in properties with increasing atomic number. In some parts of the periodic table, such as the", "id": "3472835" }, { "contents": "Electron shell\n\n\ngives the elements arranged by increasing atomic number and shows the number of electrons per shell. At a glance, one can see that subsets of the list show obvious patterns. In particular, the seven elements (in ) before a noble gas (group 18, in ) higher than helium have the number of electrons in the valence shell in arithmetic progression. (However, this pattern may break down in the seventh period due to relativistic effects.) Sorting the table by chemical group shows additional patterns, especially with respect to", "id": "19678744" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nof radial nodes in the 4f orbitals contribute to their core-like behavior in the lanthanide series, unlike the more valence-like 5f orbitals in the actinides; however, the relativistic expansion and destabilization of the 5g orbitals should partially compensate for their lack of radial nodes and hence smaller extent. While the lighter group 3 elements fill d-orbitals (Sc, [Ar]3d4s; Y, [Kr]4d5s; La, [Xe]5d6s; Ac, [Rn]6d7s), unbiunium is expected to fill the 8p orbital instead due to", "id": "8897650" }, { "contents": "Ionic bonding\n\n\nelement (usually nonmetal) with greater electron affinity accepts the electron(s) to attain a stable electron configuration, and after accepting electron(s) an atom becomes an anion. Typically, the stable electron configuration is one of the noble gases for elements in the s-block and the p-block, and particular stable electron configurations for d-block and f-block elements. The electrostatic attraction between the anions and cations leads to the formation of a solid with a crystallographic lattice in which the ions are stacked in an alternating fashion", "id": "15052078" }, { "contents": "Ion\n\n\nis exhausted of electrons. For this reason, ions tend to form in ways that leave them with full orbital blocks. For example, sodium has one \"valence electron\" in its outermost shell, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one lost electron, as . On the other side of the periodic table, chlorine has seven valence electrons, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one gained electron, as . Caesium has the lowest measured ionization energy of all the elements and helium has the greatest.", "id": "236384" }, { "contents": "Group (periodic table)\n\n\nIn chemistry, a group (also known as a family) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table, and the f-block columns (between groups 3 and 4) are not numbered. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms (i.e., the same core charge), as most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron. There are three systems", "id": "5268529" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\n20) of group-2 with the configuration [Ar]4\"s\", or scandium (Sc), the first element of group 3 with atomic number \"Z\" = 21 and configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\", depending on the definition used. As we move from left to right, electrons are added to the same \"d\"-sub-shell till it is complete. The element of group 11 in the first transition series is copper (Cu) with an atypical configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\". Despite the filled d subshell in metallic copper it nevertheless forms", "id": "11651399" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\np orbitals shield the charge of the nucleus more effectively, leaving less for the outer d and f electrons, which therefore move in larger orbitals. Dubnium is greatly affected by this: unlike the previous group 5 members, its 7s electrons are slightly more difficult to extract than its 6d electrons. Another effect is the spin–orbit interaction, particularly spin–orbit splitting, which splits the 6d subshell—the azimuthal quantum number ℓ of a d shell is 2—into two subshells, with four of the ten orbitals having their ℓ", "id": "8430316" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nand/or vertical trends. Elements in the same group tend to show patterns in atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. From top to bottom in a group, the atomic radii of the elements increase. Since there are more filled energy levels, valence electrons are found farther from the nucleus. From the top, each successive element has a lower ionization energy because it is easier to remove an electron since the atoms are less tightly bound. Similarly, a group has a top-to-bottom decrease in electronegativity due to", "id": "3472839" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nelectron configuration shows clear analogies with palladium with its 4d5s electron configuration. The noble metals of this series of transition metals are not expected to be as noble as their lighter homologues, due to the absence of an outer \"s\" shell for shielding and also because the 7d shell is strongly split into two subshells due to relativistic effects. This causes the first ionization energies of the 7d transition metals to be smaller than those of their lighter congeners. Calculations predict that the 7d electrons of element 164 (unhexquadium) should participate very", "id": "19154637" }, { "contents": "Bent's rule\n\n\n. Bent's rule can be generalized to d-block elements as well. The hybridisation of a metal center is arranged so that orbitals with more s character are directed towards ligands that form bonds with more covalent character. Equivalently, orbitals with more d character are directed towards groups that form bonds of greater ionic character. The validity of Bent's rule for 75 bond types between the main group elements was examined recently. For bonds with the larger atoms from the lower periods, trends in orbital hybridization depend strongly on both electronegativity", "id": "1746559" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\nto competing horizontal and vertical trends in the nuclear charge. Going along a period, the nuclear charge increases with atomic number as do the number of electrons. The additional pull on outer electrons as nuclear charge increases generally outweighs the screening effect of having more electrons. With some irregularities, atoms therefore become smaller, ionization energy increases, and there is a gradual change in character, across a period, from strongly metallic, to weakly metallic, to weakly nonmetallic, to strongly nonmetallic elements. Going down a main group, the", "id": "5142301" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\nhaving 6 polar covalent (partly ionic) bonds made from only four orbitals on sulfur (one s and three p) in accordance with the octet rule, together with six orbitals on the fluorines. Similar calculations on transition-metal molecules show that the role of p orbitals is minor, so that one s and five d orbitals on the metal are sufficient to describe the bonding. For elements in the main groups of the periodic table, the valence can vary between 1 and 7. Many elements have a common valence related", "id": "5443593" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\n, Ge, Sb, Po) lie just below the line. The diagonal positioning of the metalloids represents an exception to the observation that elements with similar properties tend to occur in vertical groups. A related effect can be seen in other diagonal similarities between some elements and their lower right neighbours, specifically lithium-magnesium, beryllium-aluminium, and boron-silicon. Rayner-Canham has argued that these similarities extend to carbon-phosphorus, nitrogen-sulfur, and into three d-block series. This exception arises due", "id": "5142300" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nhave an electron affinity higher than all the alkali metals lighter than it. Relativistic effects also cause a very large drop in the polarisability of ununennium. On the other hand, ununennium is predicted to continue the trend of melting points decreasing going down the group, being expected to have a melting point between 0 °C and 30 °C. The stabilisation of ununennium's valence electron and thus the contraction of the 8s orbital cause its atomic radius to be lowered to 240 pm, very close to that of rubidium (247 pm", "id": "71789" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nbehaves like a noble gas, and thus is taken to be part of the group 18 elements. However, in terms of its nuclear structure it belongs to the s block, and is therefore sometimes classified as a group 2 element, or simultaneously both 2 and 18. Hydrogen readily loses and gains an electron, and so behaves chemically as both a group 1 and a group 17 element. Period 2 elements involve the 2s and 2p orbitals. They include the biologically most essential elements besides hydrogen: carbon, nitrogen, and", "id": "5268637" }, { "contents": "Group 9 element\n\n\nGroup 9 is a group (column) of chemical elements in the periodic table. Members are cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and meitnerium (Mt). These are all transition metals in the d-block. Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior; however, rhodium deviates from the pattern. \"Group 9\" is the modern standard designation for this group, adopted by", "id": "15956141" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nvisualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter. In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up (in approximation) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The repeating \"periodicity\" of the blocks of 2, 6, 10, and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s, p, d and f atomic orbitals, respectively, although for", "id": "861537" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nelectron in that \"s\"-sub shell in its ground state. The \"s\"-sub-shell in the valence shell is represented as the \"ns\" sub-shell, e.g. 4s. In the periodic table, the transition metals are present in eight groups (4 to 11), with some authors including some elements in groups 3 or 12. The elements in group 3 have an \"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d\" configuration. The first transition series is present in the 4th period, and starts after Ca (\"Z\" =", "id": "11651398" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nenergy. This will cause the electron shells to mix so that the block concept no longer applies very well, and will also result in novel chemical properties that will make positioning these elements in a periodic table very difficult. For example, element 164 is expected to mix characteristics of the elements of group 10, 12, 14, and 18. The first two elements of period 8 will be ununennium and unbinilium, elements 119 and 120. Their electron configurations should have the 8s orbital being filled. This orbital is relativistically stabilized", "id": "19154617" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\npairs of electrons; hence, the block includes ten columns in the periodic table. The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but is footnoted in 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals because they provide a transition between the s-block and d-block in the 6th and 7th row (period), in the same way that the d-block transition metals provide a transitional bridge between the s-block", "id": "2070048" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nnumber of electrons in a particular subshell fall into the same columns (e.g. oxygen and selenium are in the same column because they both have four electrons in the outermost p-subshell). Elements with similar chemical properties generally fall into the same group in the periodic table, although in the f-block, and to some respect in the d-block, the elements in the same period tend to have similar properties, as well. Thus, it is relatively easy to predict the chemical properties of an element if one", "id": "3472832" }, { "contents": "Roentgenium\n\n\ngroup 11 elements, copper, silver, and gold, all have an outer electron configuration nd(n+1)s. For each of these elements, the first excited state of their atoms has a configuration nd(n+1)s. Due to spin-orbit coupling between the d electrons, this state is split into a pair of energy levels. For copper, the difference in energy between the ground state and lowest excited state causes the metal to appear reddish. For silver, the energy gap widens and it becomes silvery. However, as the atomic number increases", "id": "14700092" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nat a noble-gas electronic configuration. As of 2016, a total of 118 elements have been discovered and confirmed. Modern quantum mechanics explains these periodic trends in properties in terms of electron shells. As atomic number increases, shells fill with electrons in approximately the order shown at right. The filling of each shell corresponds to a row in the table. In the s-block and p-block of the periodic table, elements within the same period generally do not exhibit trends and similarities in properties (vertical trends down", "id": "5268635" }, { "contents": "Nonmetal\n\n\nnoble gas at that. Radon trioxide (RnO) is expected to be acidic. Oganesson, the heaviest element on the periodic table, has only recently been synthesized. Owing to its short half-life, its chemical properties have not yet been investigated. Due to the significant relativistic destabilisation of the 7p orbitals, it is expected to be significantly reactive and behave more similarly to the group 14 elements, as it effectively has four valence electrons outside a pseudo-noble gas core. Its boiling point is expected to be about", "id": "13626148" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nalso dependent upon additional details of the atoms (see ). The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom increases with the atomic number. The electrons in the outermost shell, or \"valence electrons\", tend to be responsible for an element's chemical behavior. Elements that contain the same number of valence electrons can be grouped together and display similar chemical properties. For elements with high atomic number , the effects of relativity become more pronounced, and especially so for s electrons, which move at relativistic velocities as they penetrate", "id": "861610" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\n, such as its valence electron configuration and having a dominant +5 oxidation state, with the other group 5 elements, with a few anomalies due to relativistic effects. A limited investigation of dubnium chemistry has confirmed this. Solution chemistry experiments have revealed that dubnium often behaves more like niobium rather than tantalum, breaking periodic trends. Uranium, element 92, is the heaviest element to occur in significant quantity in nature; heavier elements can only be produced practically by synthesis. The first synthesis of a new element—neptunium, element 93—was", "id": "8430291" }, { "contents": "D electron count\n\n\nserious conflicts with experimental observations for transition metal centers under most ambient conditions. Under most conditions all of the valence electrons of a transition metal center are located in d orbitals while the standard model of electron configuration would predict some of them to be in the pertinent s orbital. The valence of a transition metal center can be described by standard quantum numbers. The Aufbau principle and Madelung's rule would predict for period \"n\" that the \"n\"s orbitals fill prior to the (\"n\" − 1)d orbitals. For example", "id": "6521603" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. By this definition all of the elements in groups 3–11 are transition metals. The IUPAC definition therefore excludes group 12, comprising zinc, cadmium and mercury, from the transition metals category. Some chemists treat the categories \"d-block elements\" and \"transition metals\" interchangeably, thereby including groups 3–12 among the transition metals. In this instance the group 12 elements are treated as a special case of transition metal in which the d electrons", "id": "3472905" }, { "contents": "Group 3 element\n\n\nGroup 3 is a group of elements in the periodic table. This group, like other d-block groups, should contain four elements, but it is not agreed what elements belong in the group. Scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) are always included, but the other two spaces are usually occupied by lanthanum (La) and actinium (Ac), or by lutetium (Lu) and lawrencium (Lr); less frequently, it is considered the group should be expanded to 32 elements (with all", "id": "10452969" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\n+1 and +2 oxidation states respectively. The 9s electrons should have ionization energies comparable to those of the 3s electrons of sodium and magnesium, due to relativistic effects causing the 9s electrons to be much more strongly bound than non-relativistic calculations would predict. Elements 165 and 166 should normally exhibit the +1 and +2 oxidation states respectively, although the ionization energies of the 7d electrons are low enough to allow higher oxidation states like +3 for element 165. The oxidation state +4 for element 166 is less likely, creating a situation similar", "id": "19154643" }, { "contents": "Oganesson\n\n\nelements. The members of this group are usually inert to most common chemical reactions (for example, combustion) because the outer valence shell is completely filled with eight electrons. This produces a stable, minimum energy configuration in which the outer electrons are tightly bound. It is thought that similarly, oganesson has a closed outer valence shell in which its valence electrons are arranged in a 7s7p configuration. Consequently, some expect oganesson to have similar physical and chemical properties to other members of its group, most closely resembling the noble gas", "id": "15996964" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\nNa or K). An alkaline earth metal of Group 2 (e.g., magnesium) is somewhat less reactive, because each atom must lose two valence electrons to form a positive ion with a closed shell (e.g., Mg). Within each group (each periodic table column) of metals, reactivity increases with each lower row of the table (from a light element to a heavier element), because a heavier element has more electron shells than a lighter element; a heavier element's valence electrons exist at higher principal", "id": "11942314" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\ngermanium, though gallium participates in semi-conductors such as gallium arsenide. Zinc and cadmium are electropositive while mercury is not. As a result, zinc and cadmium metal are good reducing agents. The elements of group 12 have an oxidation state of +2 in which the ions have the rather stable d electronic configuration, with a full sub-shell. However, mercury can easily be reduced to the +1 oxidation state; usually, as in the ion , two mercury(I) ions come together to form a metal-metal bond", "id": "15956160" }, { "contents": "Metallic bonding\n\n\nvalence electrons. The radii also increase down the group due to increase in principal quantum number. Between rows 3 and 4, the lanthanide contraction is observed – there is very little increase of the radius down the group due to the presence of poorly shielding f orbitals. The atoms in metals have a strong attractive force between them. Much energy is required to overcome it. Therefore, metals often have high boiling points, with tungsten (5828 K) being extremely high. A remarkable exception is the elements of the zinc group", "id": "20423263" }, { "contents": "Noble gas\n\n\nnoble gases are farther away from the nucleus and are therefore not held as tightly together by the atom. Noble gases have the largest ionization potential among the elements of each period, which reflects the stability of their electron configuration and is related to their relative lack of chemical reactivity. Some of the heavier noble gases, however, have ionization potentials small enough to be comparable to those of other elements and molecules. It was the insight that xenon has an ionization potential similar to that of the oxygen molecule that led Bartlett to attempt", "id": "1233453" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nThe p orbital consists of six lobed shapes coming from a central point at evenly spaced angles. The p orbital can hold a maximum of six electrons, hence there are six columns in the p-block. Elements in column 13, the first column of the p-block, have one p-orbital electron. Elements in column 14, the second column of the p-block, have two p-orbital electrons. The trend continues this way until column 18, which has six p-orbital electrons. They", "id": "2070045" }, { "contents": "Actinide chemistry\n\n\nActinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides. The actinides derive their name from the group 3 element actinium. The informal chemical symbol An is used in general discussions of actinide chemistry to refer to any actinide. All but one of the actinides are f-block elements, corresponding to the filling of the 5f electron shell; lawrencium, a d-block element, is also generally considered an actinide. In comparison with the lanthanides", "id": "8110499" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n) and the actinides (like actinium). Not everyone agrees on the exact membership of each set of elements. For example, some scientists regard the group 12 elements Zn, Cd and Hg as main group, rather than transition group, because they are chemically and physically more similar to the p-block elements than the other d-block elements. The group 3 elements are sometimes considered main group elements due to their similarities to the s-block elements. Groups (columns) in the f-block (between", "id": "2070041" }, { "contents": "Gallium(III) bromide\n\n\n, but when it forms the dimer GaBr the geometry around the Gallium center distorts to become roughly tetrahedral. As a solid, GaBr forms a monoclinic crystalline structure with a unit cell volume of 524.16Å. Additional specifications for this unit cell are as follows: A=8.87Å, B=5.64Å, C=11.01Å, α=90˚, β=107.81˚, γ=90˚ Gallium is the lightest Group 13 metal with a filled d-shell, and has an electronic configuration of (Ar 3d10 4s2 4p1) below the valence electrons that could take part in d-π bonding with ligands.", "id": "7203142" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\ngroups 3 and 4) are not numbered. Helium is from the s-block, with its outer (and only) electrons in the 1s atomic orbital, although its chemical properties are more similar to the p-block noble gases due to its full shell. The s-block is on the left side of the conventional periodic table and is composed of elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus the nonmetals hydrogen and helium. Their", "id": "2070042" } ]

[ { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nsum of the first three ionization potentials of gallium is higher than that of aluminium, whereas the trend in the group would be for it to be lower. The second table below shows the trend in the sum of the first three ionization potentials for the elements B, Al, Sc, Y, La. Sc, Y, La are group 3 elements and have three valence electrons above a noble gas electron core. In contrast to the group 13 elements this sequence shows a smooth reduction. Other effects of the d-block", "id": "18881600" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\ncontraction are that the Ga ion is smaller than expected, being closer in size to Al. Care must be taken in interpreting the ionization potentials for indium and thallium, other effects e.g. the inert pair effect become increasingly important for the heavier members of the group. The cause of the d-block contraction is the poor shielding of the nuclear charge by the electrons in the d orbitals. The outer valence electrons are more strongly attracted by the nucleus causing the observed increase in ionization potentials. The d-block contraction can be", "id": "18881601" }, { "contents": "D-block contraction\n\n\nThe d-block contraction (sometimes called scandide contraction) is a term used in chemistry to describe the effect of having full d orbitals on the period 4 elements. The elements in question are Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, and Kr. Their electronic configurations include completely filled d orbitals (d). d-block contraction is best illustrated by comparing some properties of the group 13 elements to highlight the effect on gallium. Gallium can be seen to be anomalous. The most obvious effect is that the", "id": "18881599" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelement 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. The d-block contraction, which is a similar effect between the d-block and p-block, is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar cause. The first ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove one electron from an atom, the second ionization energy is the energy it takes to remove a second electron from the atom, and so on. For a given atom, successive", "id": "3472853" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\n6th period come after d-block elements, but the electrons present in the intervening d- (and f-) orbitals do not effectively shield the s-electrons of the valence shell. As a result, the \"inert pair\" of ns electrons remains more tightly held by the nucleus and hence participates less in bond formation . Consider as an example thallium (Tl) in group 13. The +1 oxidation state of Tl is the most stable, while Tl compounds are comparatively rare. The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases", "id": "9776231" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements (which have a greater nuclear charge but the same number of valence electrons), and the periodic trends down group 2 from beryllium to radium (similar to that of the alkali metals) are not as smooth when going down from beryllium to mercury (which is more similar to that of the p-block main groups) due to the d-block and lanthanide contractions. It is also the d-block and lanthanide contractions that give mercury many of its distinctive properties. All three metal ions form many tetrahedral species", "id": "15956168" }, { "contents": "Arsenic pentachloride\n\n\nthe elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed", "id": "16441988" }, { "contents": "Electronegativity\n\n\nthat caesium fluoride is the compound whose bonding features the most ionic character. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon, respectively, because of the d-block contraction. Elements of the fourth period immediately after the first row of the transition metals have unusually small atomic radii because the 3d-electrons are not effective at shielding the increased nuclear charge, and smaller atomic size correlates with higher electronegativity (see Allred-Rochow electronegativity, Sanderson electronegativity above). The anomalously", "id": "9632944" }, { "contents": "Aluminium(I)\n\n\nIn chemistry, aluminium(I) refers to monovalent aluminium (+1 oxidation state) in both ionic and covalent bonds. Along with aluminium(II), it is an extremely unstable form of aluminium. While late Group 3 elements such as thallium and indium prefer the +1 oxidation state, aluminium(I) is rare. Unlike late Group XIII elements, aluminium does not experience the inert pair effect, a phenomenon where valence s electrons are poorly shielded from nuclear charge due to the presence of filled d and f orbitals. As such, aluminium (III", "id": "11991348" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nelectronegativity, the more an element attracts electrons. It was first proposed by Linus Pauling in 1932. In general, electronegativity increases on passing from left to right along a period, and decreases on descending a group. Hence, fluorine is the most electronegative of the elements, while caesium is the least, at least of those elements for which substantial data is available. There are some exceptions to this general rule. Gallium and germanium have higher electronegativities than aluminium and silicon respectively because of the d-block contraction. Elements of", "id": "3472856" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\na stable ion with an incomplete d subshell. Since the electrons added fill the orbitals, the properties of the \"d\"-block elements are quite different from those of \"s\" and \"p\" block elements in which the filling occurs either in \"s\" or in \"p\"-orbitals of the valence shell. The electronic configuration of the individual elements present in all the d-block series are given below: A careful look at the electronic configuration of the elements reveals that there are certain exceptions, for example Cr and Cu.", "id": "11651400" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nThe term \"inert pair effect\" is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation states that are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15 and 16. The term \"inert pair\" was first proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927. The name suggests that the outermost \"s\" electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus in these atoms, and therefore more difficult to ionize or share. For example, the p-block elements of the 4th, 5th and", "id": "9776230" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshielding by d and f electrons. A uniform decrease in electron affinity only applies to group 1 atoms. The lower the values of ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity, the more metallic character the element has. Conversely, nonmetallic character increases with higher values of these properties. Given the periodic trends of these three properties, metallic character tends to decrease going across a period (or row) and, with some irregularities (mostly) due to poor screening of the nucleus by d and f electrons, and relativistic effects,", "id": "3472860" }, { "contents": "Lead\n\n\na group, as an element's outer electrons become more distant from the nucleus, and more shielded by smaller orbitals. The similarity of ionization energies is caused by the lanthanide contraction—the decrease in element radii from lanthanum (atomic number 57) to lutetium (71), and the relatively small radii of the elements from hafnium (72) onwards. This is due to poor shielding of the nucleus by the lanthanide 4f electrons. The sum of the first four ionization energies of lead exceeds that of tin, contrary to", "id": "17864701" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nthe screening electrons near the core of high- atoms. This relativistic increase in momentum for high speed electrons causes a corresponding decrease in wavelength and contraction of 6s orbitals relative to 5d orbitals (by comparison to corresponding s and d electrons in lighter elements in the same column of the periodic table); this results in 6s valence electrons becoming lowered in energy. Examples of significant physical outcomes of this effect include the lowered melting temperature of mercury (which results from 6s electrons not being available for metal bonding) and the golden color of", "id": "861611" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\n, electrons already present shield the outer electrons from nuclear charge, making them experience a lower effective charge on the nucleus. The shielding effect exerted by the inner electrons decreases in the order \"s\" \"p\" \"d\" \"f\". Usually, as a particular subshell is filled in a period, atomic radius decreases. This effect is particularly pronounced in the case of lanthanides, as the 4\"f\" subshell which is filled across these elements is not very effective at shielding the outer shell (n=5 and n=6)", "id": "13657314" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nblock. In the \"d\"-block the atoms of the elements have between 1 and 10 \"d\" electrons. The elements of groups 4–11 are generally recognized as transition metals, justified by their typical chemistry, i.e. a large range of complex ions in various oxidation states, colored complexes, and catalytic properties either as the element or as ions (or both). Sc and Y in group 3 are also generally recognized as transition metals. However, the elements La–Lu and Ac–Lr and group 12 attract different definitions", "id": "11651392" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nin the following sequence: The same trend in stability is noted in groups 14, 15 and 16. The heaviest members of each group, i.e. lead, bismuth and polonium are comparatively stable in oxidation states +2, +3, and +4 respectively. The lower oxidation state in each of the elements in question has 2 valence electrons in s - orbitals. On the face of it, a simple explanation could be that the valence electrons in an s orbital are more tightly bound and are of lower energy than electrons in p orbitals", "id": "9776232" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. The block names (s, p, d and f) are derived from the spectroscopic notation for the associated atomic orbitals: sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental. There is an approximate correspondence between this nomenclature of blocks, based on electronic configuration, and groupings of elements based on chemical properties. The s-block and p-block together are usually considered main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, and the f-block encompasses nearly all of the lanthanides (like lanthanum", "id": "2070040" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nare mostly covalent in nature. They show variable oxidation states. The reactivity of elements in a group generally decreases downwards. The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties in simple incomplete d orbitals. Transition basically means d orbital lies between s and p orbitals and shows a transition from properties of s to p. The d-block", "id": "2070046" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nand p-block in the 4th and 5th rows. The known f-block elements come in two series, the lanthanides of period 6 and the radioactive actinides of period 7. All are metals. Because the f-orbital electrons are less active in determining the chemistry of these elements, their chemical properties are mostly determined by outer s-orbital electrons. Consequently, there is much less chemical variability within the f-block than within the s-, p-, or d-blocks. The f-block elements are", "id": "2070049" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\nreferred to as, respectively, the 'scandide' or 'd-block contraction', and the 'lanthanide contraction'. Relativistic effects also \"increase the binding energy\", and hence ionisation energy, of the electrons in \"the 6s shell in gold and mercury, and the 6p shell in subsequent elements of period 6.\" The origin of the term \"post-transition metal\" is unclear. An early usage is recorded by Deming, in 1940, in his well-known book \"Fundamental Chemistry.", "id": "19783910" }, { "contents": "Atomic radius\n\n\nthe elements immediately above them. Hence hafnium has virtually the same atomic radius (and chemistry) as zirconium, and tantalum has an atomic radius similar to niobium, and so forth. The effect of the lanthanide contraction is noticeable up to platinum (\"Z\" = 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect. Due to lanthanide contraction, the 5 following observations can be drawn: The d-block contraction is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar", "id": "4346523" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block. Their general valence configuration is \"n\"s \"n\"p. This block contains a variety of elements and is the only block that contains all three types of elements: metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Generally, the p-block elements are best described in terms of element type or group. The p-block elements are unified by the fact that their valence electrons (outermost electrons) are in the p orbital.", "id": "2070044" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nare on the right side of the d-block, from group 8 to 11 (and 12 if it is counted as transition metals). The general electronic configuration of the \"d\"-block elements is [Inert gas] (\"n\" − 1)\"d\"\"n s\". The period 6 and 7 transition metals also add (\"n\" − 2)\"f\" electrons, which are omitted from the tables below. The Madelung rule predicts that the typical electronic structure of transition metal atoms can be written as [inert gas]\"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d", "id": "11651396" }, { "contents": "Boron group\n\n\nThe boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, comprising boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), and perhaps also the chemically uncharacterized nihonium (Nh). The elements in the boron group are characterized by having three electrons in their outer energy levels (valence layers). These elements have also been referred to as the triels. Boron is classified as a typical non-metal while the rest, with the", "id": "14490374" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nan increasing distance between valence electrons and the nucleus. There are exceptions to these trends: for example, in group 11, electronegativity increases farther down the group. A \"period\" is a horizontal row in the periodic table. Although groups generally have more significant periodic trends, there are regions where horizontal trends are more significant than vertical group trends, such as the f-block, where the lanthanides and actinides form two substantial horizontal series of elements. Elements in the same period show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy", "id": "3472840" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nA block of the periodic table is a set of chemical elements having their differentiating electrons predominately in the same atomic orbital type. A differentiating electron is the electron that differentiates an element from the previous one. For example, sodium [Na] 3s, when compared to neon [He] 2s2p, has an s- differentiating electron. The term appears to have been first used by Charles Janet. Each block is named after its characteristic orbital: s-block; p-block; d-block; and f-block", "id": "2070039" }, { "contents": "Resonance (chemistry)\n\n\nfor H and He and effectively for Li as well. The issue of expansion of the valence shell of third period and heavier main group elements is controversial. A Lewis structure in which a central atom has a valence electron count greater than eight traditionally implies the participation of d orbitals in bonding. However, the consensus opinion is that while they may make a marginal contribution, the participation of d orbitals is unimportant, and the bonding of so-called hypervalent molecules are, for the most part, better explained by charge-", "id": "277035" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natom on gaining an electron because it obtains a filled valence shell and is therefore more stable. A trend of decreasing electron affinity going down groups would be expected. The additional electron will be entering an orbital farther away from the nucleus. As such this electron would be less attracted to the nucleus and would release less energy when added. In going down a group, around one-third of elements are anomalous, with heavier elements having higher electron affinities than their next lighter congenors. Largely, this is due to the poor", "id": "3472859" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nelements in group 12 are usually considered to be d-block elements, but not transition elements as the d-shell is full. Some authors classify these elements as main-group elements because the valence electrons are in ns orbitals. Nevertheless, they share many characteristics with the neighboring group 11 elements on the periodic table, which are almost universally considered to be transition elements. For example, zinc shares many characteristics with the neighboring transition metal, copper. Zinc complexes merit inclusion in the Irving-Williams series as zinc forms", "id": "15956162" }, { "contents": "Post-transition metal\n\n\ncontract, ionisation energies increase, fewer electrons become available for metallic bonding, and \"ions [become] smaller and more polarizing and more prone to covalency.\" This phenomenon is more evident in period 4–6 post-transition metals, due to inefficient screening of their nuclear charges by their d and (in the case of the period 6 metals) f electron configurations; the screening power of electrons decreases in the sequence s p d f. The reductions in atomic size due to the interjection of the d- and f-blocks are", "id": "19783909" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nshielding of electrons from the core charge of the nucleus. For this reason ionization energy is lower for elements lower down in a group, and polarizability of species is higher for elements lower down in a group. The valency does not change going down a group since the bonding behavior is not affected by the core electrons. However, non-bonding interactions such as those just cited are affected by core electrons. Metallic properties increase down groups as decreasing attraction between the nuclei and the outermost electrons causes the outermost electrons to be loosely", "id": "9088962" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nelements are all metals which exhibit two or more ways of forming chemical bonds. Because there is a relatively small difference in the energy of the different d-orbital electrons, the number of electrons participating in chemical bonding can vary. This results in the same element exhibiting two or more oxidation states, which determines the type and number of its nearest neighbors in chemical compounds. The d-block elements are unified by mostly having one or more chemically active d-orbital electrons. The d-orbitals can contain up to five", "id": "2070047" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide contraction\n\n\nThe lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium. The term was coined by the Norwegian geochemist Victor Goldschmidt in his series \"Geochemische Verteilungsgesetze der Elemente\". The effect results from poor shielding of nuclear charge (nuclear attractive force on electrons) by 4f electrons; the 6s electrons are drawn towards the nucleus", "id": "13657312" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nd-like orbitals occupied by the six electrons are no longer identical with the d orbitals of the free atom. There are several more exceptions to Madelung's rule among the heavier elements, and as atomic number increases it becomes more and more difficult to find simple explanations such as the stability of half-filled subshells. It is possible to predict most of the exceptions by Hartree–Fock calculations, which are an approximate method for taking account of the effect of the other electrons on orbital energies. For the heavier elements,", "id": "18614792" }, { "contents": "Ytterbium(III) chloride\n\n\nmuch smaller with increasing effective nuclear charge as a consequence of the \"f\" electrons not being as well shielded as \"d\" electrons. This behavior is known as the lanthanide contraction. The small size of Yb produces fast catalytic behavior and an atomic radius (0.99 Å) comparable to many biologically important ions. The gas-phase thermodynamic properties of this chemical are difficult to determine because the chemical can disproportionate to form [YbCl] or dimerize. The YbCl species was detected by electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry as", "id": "21610848" }, { "contents": "Periodic trends\n\n\nlonger distance between the nucleus and the valence electron shell, thereby decreasing the attraction, making the atom have less of an attraction for electrons or protons. However, in the group 13 elements electronegativity increases from aluminium to thallium, and in group 14 electronegativity of lead is lower than that of tin. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron shell of an isolated atom of an element. Sometimes, it is also regarded as the basis of Modern Periodic Table. In a period, the number of valence electrons increases (", "id": "9088960" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\n, in which main-group elements have apparent valences greater than the maximal of 4 allowed by the octet rule. For example, in the sulfur hexafluoride molecule (SF), Pauling considered that the sulfur forms 6 true two-electron bonds using spd hybrid atomic orbitals, which combine one s, three p and two d orbitals. However more recently, quantum-mechanical calculations on this and similar molecules have shown that the role of d orbitals in the bonding is minimal, and that the SF molecule should be described as", "id": "5443592" }, { "contents": "Compounds of fluorine\n\n\nelectron per atom, as are other halogen X molecules. However, the heavier halogens' p electron orbitals partly mix with those of d orbitals, which results in an increased effective bond order; for example, chlorine has a bond order of 1.12. Fluorine's electrons cannot exhibit this d character since there are no such d orbitals close in energy to fluorine's valence orbitals. This also helps explain why bonding in F is weaker than in Cl. Reactions with elemental fluorine are often sudden or explosive. Many substances that", "id": "21755143" }, { "contents": "Acceptor (semiconductors)\n\n\nIn semiconductor physics, an acceptor is a dopant atom that when added to a semiconductor can form a p-type region. For example, when silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, needs to be doped as a p-type semiconductor, elements from group III like boron (B) or aluminium (Al), having three valence electrons, can be used. The latter elements are also called trivalent impurities. Other trivalent dopants include indium (In) and gallium (Ga). When substituting for a", "id": "14124918" }, { "contents": "Carbon group\n\n\n, or (not coincidentally) from the fact that these elements have four valence electrons (see below). Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior: Each of the elements in this group has 4 electrons in its outer orbital (the atom's top energy level). The last orbital of all these elements is the p orbital. In most cases, the elements share their electrons. The tendency to lose electrons increases", "id": "12572907" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nalways feels the same effective nuclear charge (+1), the only factor which affects the first ionisation energy is the distance from the outermost electron to the nucleus. Since this distance increases down the group, the outermost electron feels less attraction from the nucleus and thus the first ionisation energy decreases. (This trend is broken in francium due to the relativistic stabilisation and contraction of the 7s orbital, bringing francium's valence electron closer to the nucleus than would be expected from non-relativistic calculations. This makes francium's outermost electron", "id": "71727" }, { "contents": "Indium\n\n\nis attributed to the inert pair effect, in which relativistic effects stabilize the 5s-orbital, observed in heavier elements. Thallium (indium's heavier homolog) shows an even stronger effect, causing oxidation to thallium(I) to be more probable than to thallium(III), whereas gallium (indium's lighter homolog) commonly shows only the +3 oxidation state. Thus, although thallium(III) is a moderately strong oxidizing agent, indium(III) is not, and many indium(I) compounds are powerful reducing agents. While the energy required to include the", "id": "14895372" }, { "contents": "Shielding effect\n\n\nIn general we can order the electron shells (s,p,d,f) as such where \"S\" is the screening strength that a given orbital provides to the rest of the electrons. In hydrogen, or any other atom in group 1A of the periodic table (those with only one valence electron), the force on the electron is just as large as the electromagnetic attraction from the nucleus of the atom. However, when more electrons are involved, each electron (in the \"n\"-shell) experiences not", "id": "14750612" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nzinc, cadmium and mercury are sometimes regarded as linking the \"d\" block to the \"p\" block. Notionally they are \"d\" block elements but they have few transition metal properties and are more like their \"p\" block neighbors in group 13. The relatively inert noble gases, in group 18, bridge the most reactive groups of elements in the periodic table—the halogens in group 17 and the alkali metals in group 1. In 1789, Antoine Lavoisier published a list of 33 chemical elements, grouping", "id": "3472864" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\n, the concept of the valence electron is less useful for a transition metal than for a main group element; the d electron count is an alternative tool for understanding the chemistry of a transition metal. The number of electrons in an atom's outermost valence shell governs its bonding behavior. Therefore, elements whose atoms can have the same number of valence electrons are grouped together in the periodic table of the elements. As a general rule, a main group element (except hydrogen or helium) tends to react to form a closed", "id": "11942312" }, { "contents": "Lanthanide\n\n\nlanthanum or lutetium is considered a d-block element, but is included due to its chemical similarities with the other 14. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cations, Ln, whose chemistry is largely determined by the ionic radius, which decreases steadily from lanthanum to lutetium. They are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum. Both lanthanum and lutetium have been labeled as group 3 elements, because they have a single valence electron in the 5d shell. However, both elements are often included in discussions", "id": "18665634" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\nhave only been performed on single atoms. A direct relativistic effect is that as the atomic numbers of elements increase, the innermost electrons begin to revolve faster around the nucleus as a result of an increase of electromagnetic attraction between an electron and a nucleus. Similar effects have been found for the outermost s orbitals (and p ones, though in dubnium they are not occupied): for example, the 7s orbital contracts by 25% in size and is stabilized by 2.6 eV. A more indirect effect is that the contracted s and", "id": "8430315" }, { "contents": "Gallium trichloride\n\n\ntwo bridging chlorides. Its structure resembles that of aluminium tribromide. In contrast AlCl and InCl feature contain 6 coordinate metal centers. As a consequence of its molecular nature and associated low lattice energy, gallium trichloride has a lower melting point vs the aluminium and indium trihalides. The formula of GaCl is often written as Ga(μ-Cl)Cl. In the gas phase the dimers dissociate to trigonal planar monomers. Gallium is the lightest member of Group 13 to have a full \"d\" shell, (gallium has the electronic configuration Ar 3\"d\"10", "id": "8779707" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nmetallic radii of cadmium and mercury is an effect of the lanthanide contraction. So, the trend in this group is unlike the trend in group 2, the alkaline earths, where metallic radius increases smoothly from top to bottom of the group. All three metals have relatively low melting and boiling points, indicating that the metallic bond is relatively weak, with relatively little overlap between the valence band and the conduction band. Thus, zinc is close to the boundary between metallic and metalloid elements, which is usually placed between gallium and", "id": "15956159" }, { "contents": "Electron configuration\n\n\nthe atomic nucleus, as in the shell model of nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry. The form of the periodic table is closely related to the electron configuration of the atoms of the elements. For example, all the elements of group 2 have an electron configuration of [E] \"n\"s (where [E] is an inert gas configuration), and have notable similarities in their chemical properties. In general, the periodicity of the periodic table in terms of periodic table blocks is clearly due to the number of electrons (", "id": "18614780" }, { "contents": "Noble gas compound\n\n\n. The heavier noble gases have more electron shells than the lighter ones. Hence, the outermost electrons are subject to a shielding effect from the inner electrons that makes them more easily ionized, since they are less strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus. This results in an ionization energy low enough to form stable compounds with the most electronegative elements, fluorine and oxygen, and even with less electronegative elements such as nitrogen and carbon under certain circumstances. When the family of noble gases was first identified at the end of the nineteenth", "id": "3900654" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\nnon-equilibrium conditions and is at odds to mercury's more typical chemistry, and Jensen has suggested that it would be better to regard mercury as not being a transition metal. Although group 12 lies in the d-block of the modern 18-column periodic table, the d electrons of zinc, cadmium, and (almost always) mercury behave as core electrons and do not take part in bonding. This behavior is similar to that of the main-group elements, but is in stark contrast to that of the neighboring group", "id": "15956165" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nin which the \"d\"-orbitals are not involved. This is because in a transition series, the valence shell electronic configuration of the elements do not change. However, there are some group similarities as well. There are a number of properties shared by the transition elements that are not found in other elements, which results from the partially filled \"d\" shell. These include Most transition metals can be bound to a variety of ligands, allowing for a wide variety of transition metal complexes. Colour in transition-series metal compounds", "id": "11651402" }, { "contents": "Inert pair effect\n\n\nand therefore less likely to be involved in bonding. Unfortunately this explanation does not stand up. If the total ionization potentials (IP) (see below) of the 2 electrons in s orbitals (the 2nd + 3rd ionization potentials), are examined it can be seen that they increase in the sequence: An important consideration is that compounds in the lower oxidation state are ionic, whereas the compounds in the higher oxidation state tend to be covalent. Therefore, covalency effects must also be taken into account. In fact an", "id": "9776233" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nrelativistic effects may cause some of its properties to differ from those expected from a straight application of periodic trends. For example, unbiunium is expected to have a sp valence electron configuration instead of the sd of its lighter congeners in group 3, but this is not expected to significantly affect its chemistry, which is predicted to be that of a normal group 3 element; it would on the other hand significantly lower its first ionisation energy beyond what would be expected from periodic trends. Transactinide elements, such as unbiunium, are produced", "id": "8897625" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nto the lighter elements in groups 11 and 12 (particularly gold and mercury). As with mercury but not copernicium, ionization of element 166 to Uhh is expected to result in a 7d configuration corresponding to the loss of the s-electrons but not the d-electrons, making it more analogous to the lighter \"less relativistic\" group 12 elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury, which have essentially no transition-metal character. The next six elements on the periodic table should be the last main-group elements in", "id": "19154644" }, { "contents": "Unpaired electron\n\n\nunpaired electrons are stabilised by delocalisation. In contrast, radicals in d- and f-block chemistry are very common. The less directional, more diffuse d and f orbitals, in which unpaired electrons reside, overlap less effectively, form weaker bonds and thus dimerisation is generally disfavoured. These d and f orbitals also have comparatively smaller radial extension, disfavouring overlap to form dimers. Relatively more stable entities with unpaired electrons do exist, e.g. the nitric oxide molecule has one. According to Hund's rule, the spins of unpaired electrons", "id": "15135442" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\natoms). A \"group\" or \"family\" is a vertical column in the periodic table. Groups usually have more significant periodic trends than periods and blocks, explained below. Modern quantum mechanical theories of atomic structure explain group trends by proposing that elements within the same group generally have the same electron configurations in their valence shell. Consequently, elements in the same group tend to have a shared chemistry and exhibit a clear trend in properties with increasing atomic number. In some parts of the periodic table, such as the", "id": "3472835" }, { "contents": "Electron shell\n\n\ngives the elements arranged by increasing atomic number and shows the number of electrons per shell. At a glance, one can see that subsets of the list show obvious patterns. In particular, the seven elements (in ) before a noble gas (group 18, in ) higher than helium have the number of electrons in the valence shell in arithmetic progression. (However, this pattern may break down in the seventh period due to relativistic effects.) Sorting the table by chemical group shows additional patterns, especially with respect to", "id": "19678744" }, { "contents": "Unbiunium\n\n\nof radial nodes in the 4f orbitals contribute to their core-like behavior in the lanthanide series, unlike the more valence-like 5f orbitals in the actinides; however, the relativistic expansion and destabilization of the 5g orbitals should partially compensate for their lack of radial nodes and hence smaller extent. While the lighter group 3 elements fill d-orbitals (Sc, [Ar]3d4s; Y, [Kr]4d5s; La, [Xe]5d6s; Ac, [Rn]6d7s), unbiunium is expected to fill the 8p orbital instead due to", "id": "8897650" }, { "contents": "Ionic bonding\n\n\nelement (usually nonmetal) with greater electron affinity accepts the electron(s) to attain a stable electron configuration, and after accepting electron(s) an atom becomes an anion. Typically, the stable electron configuration is one of the noble gases for elements in the s-block and the p-block, and particular stable electron configurations for d-block and f-block elements. The electrostatic attraction between the anions and cations leads to the formation of a solid with a crystallographic lattice in which the ions are stacked in an alternating fashion", "id": "15052078" }, { "contents": "Ion\n\n\nis exhausted of electrons. For this reason, ions tend to form in ways that leave them with full orbital blocks. For example, sodium has one \"valence electron\" in its outermost shell, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one lost electron, as . On the other side of the periodic table, chlorine has seven valence electrons, so in ionized form it is commonly found with one gained electron, as . Caesium has the lowest measured ionization energy of all the elements and helium has the greatest.", "id": "236384" }, { "contents": "Group (periodic table)\n\n\nIn chemistry, a group (also known as a family) is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table, and the f-block columns (between groups 3 and 4) are not numbered. The elements in a group have similar physical or chemical characteristics of the outermost electron shells of their atoms (i.e., the same core charge), as most chemical properties are dominated by the orbital location of the outermost electron. There are three systems", "id": "5268529" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\n20) of group-2 with the configuration [Ar]4\"s\", or scandium (Sc), the first element of group 3 with atomic number \"Z\" = 21 and configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\", depending on the definition used. As we move from left to right, electrons are added to the same \"d\"-sub-shell till it is complete. The element of group 11 in the first transition series is copper (Cu) with an atypical configuration [Ar]4\"s\"3\"d\". Despite the filled d subshell in metallic copper it nevertheless forms", "id": "11651399" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\np orbitals shield the charge of the nucleus more effectively, leaving less for the outer d and f electrons, which therefore move in larger orbitals. Dubnium is greatly affected by this: unlike the previous group 5 members, its 7s electrons are slightly more difficult to extract than its 6d electrons. Another effect is the spin–orbit interaction, particularly spin–orbit splitting, which splits the 6d subshell—the azimuthal quantum number ℓ of a d shell is 2—into two subshells, with four of the ten orbitals having their ℓ", "id": "8430316" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nand/or vertical trends. Elements in the same group tend to show patterns in atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. From top to bottom in a group, the atomic radii of the elements increase. Since there are more filled energy levels, valence electrons are found farther from the nucleus. From the top, each successive element has a lower ionization energy because it is easier to remove an electron since the atoms are less tightly bound. Similarly, a group has a top-to-bottom decrease in electronegativity due to", "id": "3472839" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nelectron configuration shows clear analogies with palladium with its 4d5s electron configuration. The noble metals of this series of transition metals are not expected to be as noble as their lighter homologues, due to the absence of an outer \"s\" shell for shielding and also because the 7d shell is strongly split into two subshells due to relativistic effects. This causes the first ionization energies of the 7d transition metals to be smaller than those of their lighter congeners. Calculations predict that the 7d electrons of element 164 (unhexquadium) should participate very", "id": "19154637" }, { "contents": "Bent's rule\n\n\n. Bent's rule can be generalized to d-block elements as well. The hybridisation of a metal center is arranged so that orbitals with more s character are directed towards ligands that form bonds with more covalent character. Equivalently, orbitals with more d character are directed towards groups that form bonds of greater ionic character. The validity of Bent's rule for 75 bond types between the main group elements was examined recently. For bonds with the larger atoms from the lower periods, trends in orbital hybridization depend strongly on both electronegativity", "id": "1746559" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\nto competing horizontal and vertical trends in the nuclear charge. Going along a period, the nuclear charge increases with atomic number as do the number of electrons. The additional pull on outer electrons as nuclear charge increases generally outweighs the screening effect of having more electrons. With some irregularities, atoms therefore become smaller, ionization energy increases, and there is a gradual change in character, across a period, from strongly metallic, to weakly metallic, to weakly nonmetallic, to strongly nonmetallic elements. Going down a main group, the", "id": "5142301" }, { "contents": "Valence (chemistry)\n\n\nhaving 6 polar covalent (partly ionic) bonds made from only four orbitals on sulfur (one s and three p) in accordance with the octet rule, together with six orbitals on the fluorines. Similar calculations on transition-metal molecules show that the role of p orbitals is minor, so that one s and five d orbitals on the metal are sufficient to describe the bonding. For elements in the main groups of the periodic table, the valence can vary between 1 and 7. Many elements have a common valence related", "id": "5443593" }, { "contents": "Metalloid\n\n\n, Ge, Sb, Po) lie just below the line. The diagonal positioning of the metalloids represents an exception to the observation that elements with similar properties tend to occur in vertical groups. A related effect can be seen in other diagonal similarities between some elements and their lower right neighbours, specifically lithium-magnesium, beryllium-aluminium, and boron-silicon. Rayner-Canham has argued that these similarities extend to carbon-phosphorus, nitrogen-sulfur, and into three d-block series. This exception arises due", "id": "5142300" }, { "contents": "Alkali metal\n\n\nhave an electron affinity higher than all the alkali metals lighter than it. Relativistic effects also cause a very large drop in the polarisability of ununennium. On the other hand, ununennium is predicted to continue the trend of melting points decreasing going down the group, being expected to have a melting point between 0 °C and 30 °C. The stabilisation of ununennium's valence electron and thus the contraction of the 8s orbital cause its atomic radius to be lowered to 240 pm, very close to that of rubidium (247 pm", "id": "71789" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nbehaves like a noble gas, and thus is taken to be part of the group 18 elements. However, in terms of its nuclear structure it belongs to the s block, and is therefore sometimes classified as a group 2 element, or simultaneously both 2 and 18. Hydrogen readily loses and gains an electron, and so behaves chemically as both a group 1 and a group 17 element. Period 2 elements involve the 2s and 2p orbitals. They include the biologically most essential elements besides hydrogen: carbon, nitrogen, and", "id": "5268637" }, { "contents": "Group 9 element\n\n\nGroup 9 is a group (column) of chemical elements in the periodic table. Members are cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and meitnerium (Mt). These are all transition metals in the d-block. Like other groups, the members of this family show patterns in electron configuration, especially in the outermost shells, resulting in trends in chemical behavior; however, rhodium deviates from the pattern. \"Group 9\" is the modern standard designation for this group, adopted by", "id": "15956141" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nvisualizing the submicroscopic behavior of electrons in matter. In this model the electron cloud of a multi-electron atom may be seen as being built up (in approximation) in an electron configuration that is a product of simpler hydrogen-like atomic orbitals. The repeating \"periodicity\" of the blocks of 2, 6, 10, and 14 elements within sections of the periodic table arises naturally from the total number of electrons that occupy a complete set of s, p, d and f atomic orbitals, respectively, although for", "id": "861537" }, { "contents": "Transition metal\n\n\nelectron in that \"s\"-sub shell in its ground state. The \"s\"-sub-shell in the valence shell is represented as the \"ns\" sub-shell, e.g. 4s. In the periodic table, the transition metals are present in eight groups (4 to 11), with some authors including some elements in groups 3 or 12. The elements in group 3 have an \"ns\"(\"n\" − 1)\"d\" configuration. The first transition series is present in the 4th period, and starts after Ca (\"Z\" =", "id": "11651398" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\nenergy. This will cause the electron shells to mix so that the block concept no longer applies very well, and will also result in novel chemical properties that will make positioning these elements in a periodic table very difficult. For example, element 164 is expected to mix characteristics of the elements of group 10, 12, 14, and 18. The first two elements of period 8 will be ununennium and unbinilium, elements 119 and 120. Their electron configurations should have the 8s orbital being filled. This orbital is relativistically stabilized", "id": "19154617" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\npairs of electrons; hence, the block includes ten columns in the periodic table. The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but is footnoted in 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals because they provide a transition between the s-block and d-block in the 6th and 7th row (period), in the same way that the d-block transition metals provide a transitional bridge between the s-block", "id": "2070048" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nnumber of electrons in a particular subshell fall into the same columns (e.g. oxygen and selenium are in the same column because they both have four electrons in the outermost p-subshell). Elements with similar chemical properties generally fall into the same group in the periodic table, although in the f-block, and to some respect in the d-block, the elements in the same period tend to have similar properties, as well. Thus, it is relatively easy to predict the chemical properties of an element if one", "id": "3472832" }, { "contents": "Roentgenium\n\n\ngroup 11 elements, copper, silver, and gold, all have an outer electron configuration nd(n+1)s. For each of these elements, the first excited state of their atoms has a configuration nd(n+1)s. Due to spin-orbit coupling between the d electrons, this state is split into a pair of energy levels. For copper, the difference in energy between the ground state and lowest excited state causes the metal to appear reddish. For silver, the energy gap widens and it becomes silvery. However, as the atomic number increases", "id": "14700092" }, { "contents": "Period (periodic table)\n\n\nat a noble-gas electronic configuration. As of 2016, a total of 118 elements have been discovered and confirmed. Modern quantum mechanics explains these periodic trends in properties in terms of electron shells. As atomic number increases, shells fill with electrons in approximately the order shown at right. The filling of each shell corresponds to a row in the table. In the s-block and p-block of the periodic table, elements within the same period generally do not exhibit trends and similarities in properties (vertical trends down", "id": "5268635" }, { "contents": "Nonmetal\n\n\nnoble gas at that. Radon trioxide (RnO) is expected to be acidic. Oganesson, the heaviest element on the periodic table, has only recently been synthesized. Owing to its short half-life, its chemical properties have not yet been investigated. Due to the significant relativistic destabilisation of the 7p orbitals, it is expected to be significantly reactive and behave more similarly to the group 14 elements, as it effectively has four valence electrons outside a pseudo-noble gas core. Its boiling point is expected to be about", "id": "13626148" }, { "contents": "Atomic orbital\n\n\nalso dependent upon additional details of the atoms (see ). The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom increases with the atomic number. The electrons in the outermost shell, or \"valence electrons\", tend to be responsible for an element's chemical behavior. Elements that contain the same number of valence electrons can be grouped together and display similar chemical properties. For elements with high atomic number , the effects of relativity become more pronounced, and especially so for s electrons, which move at relativistic velocities as they penetrate", "id": "861610" }, { "contents": "Dubnium\n\n\n, such as its valence electron configuration and having a dominant +5 oxidation state, with the other group 5 elements, with a few anomalies due to relativistic effects. A limited investigation of dubnium chemistry has confirmed this. Solution chemistry experiments have revealed that dubnium often behaves more like niobium rather than tantalum, breaking periodic trends. Uranium, element 92, is the heaviest element to occur in significant quantity in nature; heavier elements can only be produced practically by synthesis. The first synthesis of a new element—neptunium, element 93—was", "id": "8430291" }, { "contents": "D electron count\n\n\nserious conflicts with experimental observations for transition metal centers under most ambient conditions. Under most conditions all of the valence electrons of a transition metal center are located in d orbitals while the standard model of electron configuration would predict some of them to be in the pertinent s orbital. The valence of a transition metal center can be described by standard quantum numbers. The Aufbau principle and Madelung's rule would predict for period \"n\" that the \"n\"s orbitals fill prior to the (\"n\" − 1)d orbitals. For example", "id": "6521603" }, { "contents": "Periodic table\n\n\nshell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. By this definition all of the elements in groups 3–11 are transition metals. The IUPAC definition therefore excludes group 12, comprising zinc, cadmium and mercury, from the transition metals category. Some chemists treat the categories \"d-block elements\" and \"transition metals\" interchangeably, thereby including groups 3–12 among the transition metals. In this instance the group 12 elements are treated as a special case of transition metal in which the d electrons", "id": "3472905" }, { "contents": "Group 3 element\n\n\nGroup 3 is a group of elements in the periodic table. This group, like other d-block groups, should contain four elements, but it is not agreed what elements belong in the group. Scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) are always included, but the other two spaces are usually occupied by lanthanum (La) and actinium (Ac), or by lutetium (Lu) and lawrencium (Lr); less frequently, it is considered the group should be expanded to 32 elements (with all", "id": "10452969" }, { "contents": "Extended periodic table\n\n\n+1 and +2 oxidation states respectively. The 9s electrons should have ionization energies comparable to those of the 3s electrons of sodium and magnesium, due to relativistic effects causing the 9s electrons to be much more strongly bound than non-relativistic calculations would predict. Elements 165 and 166 should normally exhibit the +1 and +2 oxidation states respectively, although the ionization energies of the 7d electrons are low enough to allow higher oxidation states like +3 for element 165. The oxidation state +4 for element 166 is less likely, creating a situation similar", "id": "19154643" }, { "contents": "Oganesson\n\n\nelements. The members of this group are usually inert to most common chemical reactions (for example, combustion) because the outer valence shell is completely filled with eight electrons. This produces a stable, minimum energy configuration in which the outer electrons are tightly bound. It is thought that similarly, oganesson has a closed outer valence shell in which its valence electrons are arranged in a 7s7p configuration. Consequently, some expect oganesson to have similar physical and chemical properties to other members of its group, most closely resembling the noble gas", "id": "15996964" }, { "contents": "Valence electron\n\n\nNa or K). An alkaline earth metal of Group 2 (e.g., magnesium) is somewhat less reactive, because each atom must lose two valence electrons to form a positive ion with a closed shell (e.g., Mg). Within each group (each periodic table column) of metals, reactivity increases with each lower row of the table (from a light element to a heavier element), because a heavier element has more electron shells than a lighter element; a heavier element's valence electrons exist at higher principal", "id": "11942314" }, { "contents": "Group 12 element\n\n\ngermanium, though gallium participates in semi-conductors such as gallium arsenide. Zinc and cadmium are electropositive while mercury is not. As a result, zinc and cadmium metal are good reducing agents. The elements of group 12 have an oxidation state of +2 in which the ions have the rather stable d electronic configuration, with a full sub-shell. However, mercury can easily be reduced to the +1 oxidation state; usually, as in the ion , two mercury(I) ions come together to form a metal-metal bond", "id": "15956160" }, { "contents": "Metallic bonding\n\n\nvalence electrons. The radii also increase down the group due to increase in principal quantum number. Between rows 3 and 4, the lanthanide contraction is observed – there is very little increase of the radius down the group due to the presence of poorly shielding f orbitals. The atoms in metals have a strong attractive force between them. Much energy is required to overcome it. Therefore, metals often have high boiling points, with tungsten (5828 K) being extremely high. A remarkable exception is the elements of the zinc group", "id": "20423263" }, { "contents": "Noble gas\n\n\nnoble gases are farther away from the nucleus and are therefore not held as tightly together by the atom. Noble gases have the largest ionization potential among the elements of each period, which reflects the stability of their electron configuration and is related to their relative lack of chemical reactivity. Some of the heavier noble gases, however, have ionization potentials small enough to be comparable to those of other elements and molecules. It was the insight that xenon has an ionization potential similar to that of the oxygen molecule that led Bartlett to attempt", "id": "1233453" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\nThe p orbital consists of six lobed shapes coming from a central point at evenly spaced angles. The p orbital can hold a maximum of six electrons, hence there are six columns in the p-block. Elements in column 13, the first column of the p-block, have one p-orbital electron. Elements in column 14, the second column of the p-block, have two p-orbital electrons. The trend continues this way until column 18, which has six p-orbital electrons. They", "id": "2070045" }, { "contents": "Actinide chemistry\n\n\nActinide chemistry (or actinoid chemistry) is one of the main branches of nuclear chemistry that investigates the processes and molecular systems of the actinides. The actinides derive their name from the group 3 element actinium. The informal chemical symbol An is used in general discussions of actinide chemistry to refer to any actinide. All but one of the actinides are f-block elements, corresponding to the filling of the 5f electron shell; lawrencium, a d-block element, is also generally considered an actinide. In comparison with the lanthanides", "id": "8110499" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\n) and the actinides (like actinium). Not everyone agrees on the exact membership of each set of elements. For example, some scientists regard the group 12 elements Zn, Cd and Hg as main group, rather than transition group, because they are chemically and physically more similar to the p-block elements than the other d-block elements. The group 3 elements are sometimes considered main group elements due to their similarities to the s-block elements. Groups (columns) in the f-block (between", "id": "2070041" }, { "contents": "Gallium(III) bromide\n\n\n, but when it forms the dimer GaBr the geometry around the Gallium center distorts to become roughly tetrahedral. As a solid, GaBr forms a monoclinic crystalline structure with a unit cell volume of 524.16Å. Additional specifications for this unit cell are as follows: A=8.87Å, B=5.64Å, C=11.01Å, α=90˚, β=107.81˚, γ=90˚ Gallium is the lightest Group 13 metal with a filled d-shell, and has an electronic configuration of (Ar 3d10 4s2 4p1) below the valence electrons that could take part in d-π bonding with ligands.", "id": "7203142" }, { "contents": "Block (periodic table)\n\n\ngroups 3 and 4) are not numbered. Helium is from the s-block, with its outer (and only) electrons in the 1s atomic orbital, although its chemical properties are more similar to the p-block noble gases due to its full shell. The s-block is on the left side of the conventional periodic table and is composed of elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus the nonmetals hydrogen and helium. Their", "id": "2070042" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Satavahana Express\n\n\nSatavahana Express (12713/12714) is an Intercity Express operated between Vijayawada and Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Division of South Coast Railways of Indian Railways administers this train. The train covers in just 5 hours and 35 minutes. The Ecatering facility is available in the train giving access to the passenger to have the food online ordered delivered at their respective seats. The train is called Satavahana in honour of the Satavahana Dynasty which ruled areas of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train halts at Jangaon 'Kazipet, Warangal, Kesamudram, Mahabubabad, Dornakal", "id": "8446595" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam - Koraput Intercity Express runs between Visakhapatnam City in Andhra Pradesh and Koraput in Odisha. The train runs through Vizianagaram, Rayagada and Damanjodi. It is numbered 18511/18512 by Indian Railways. The train is maintained by East Coast Railway Zone. The train is hauled by a WDM-3A locomotive of the Visakhapatnam shed. 18511- Koraput to Visakhapatnam 18512- Visakhapatnam to Koraput The rake composition is SLR,UR,UR,D1,UR,UR,UR,UR,UR,SLR making a total 10 coaches Koraput Junction to Visakhapatnam Junction 18512 Visakhapatnam Junction", "id": "19722903" }, { "contents": "Bhagyanagar Express\n\n\nThe Bhagyanagar Express is an express train in India which runs between Secunderabad Jn in Telangana and Balharshah in Maharashtra. It was introduced on 1 January 2004.The Vijayawada railway division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train number 17233 runs from Secunderabad Junction to Balharshah while 17234 runs from Balharshah to Secunderabad Jn. The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 15:25 hours and reaches Balharshah at 01:00 hours the following day. In the return direction it leaves Balharshah at 02:10 hours and reaches Secunderabad Jn at 10:45 hours the", "id": "4021403" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nthe states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.It has 5 general, 10 second seating, 5 ac chair cars and 2 EOG cars. It starts from Lingampalli and reaches Vijayawada Jn on same day and returns on same day. The average speed of the train is 55 km per hour. 12796 starts from Lingampalli at 4:40 a.m. and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 10:45 a.m. 12795 starts from Vijayawada Jn at 17:30 p.m. and reaches Lingampalli at 23:35 p.m. It stops at Mangalgiri, Guntur Jn, Secunderabad Jn and Begumpet. This train uses WDP-4", "id": "1555261" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad–Vijayawada Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Lingampalli– Vijayawada InterCity Express is a superfast train that runs from the capital of Telangana & the Present capital of Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad and the Future capital of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati. The express is administered under South Coast Railway of Indian Railways with the service number 12796/12795. The train service was first commissioned by Suresh Prabhu on 21 June 2016.It was Secunderabad to Vijayawada, but later this train was extended up to Lingampalli. It is train with LHB Coaches. The train runs six days a week(Except Sundays), passing through", "id": "1555260" }, { "contents": "Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express\n\n\n19713/19714 - Secunderabad Express It is hauled by 4 locomotives during its run. An Abu Road based WDM 3A or Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Jaipur Junction & Sawai Madhopur Junction after which a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP4 takes over until Kacheguda handing over to a Guntakal based WDM 3A twins and from Guntakal a Lallaguda based WAP7 or WAP4 or Vijayawada based WAP4 takes over the remaining journey up to Mysore 12976 Jaipur Mysore Superfast Express leaves Jaipur Junction every Monday & Wednesday at 19:35 hrs IST and reaches Mysore Junction", "id": "6438611" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Duronto Express\n\n\non its maiden journey on 12 July 2012. The train runs with a single stop between the two cities cover the distance of in 10 hours, 15 minutes. It is the fastest train between the two cities. The train has a technical stop at Vijayawada Junction, where the locomotive gets reversed and the water tanks in each coach of the train is refilled with water. From 3rd Jan 2016, the technical halt at Vijayawada is converted into commercial halt. The rake consists of 1 AC1 tier coach, 4 AC2 tier coach", "id": "14058165" }, { "contents": "Visakha Express\n\n\nTrain first introduced beyweenn vskp to sc This train caters well to provide a connection between Secunderabad and coastal Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. It has numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. It covers a distance of 1134 km either way. It is a time consuming affair by this train from Secunderabad to Bhubaneswar owing to numerous stops in Andhra Pradesh. Major stations in the trains passage include Guntur Junction, Vijayawada Junction, gudivada junction railway station, Bhimavaram Town railway station, Rajahmundry, Visakhapatnam Junctionand Vizianagaram Junction. The rake consists of 1 AC2 tier", "id": "20588224" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nwas increased to 33 hours. The train was rescheduled to night later. Though the name is Tamil Nadu Express, the train has no stops in Tamil Nadu other than its originating station Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station. This train runs via Vijayawada, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra Cantt and Hazrat Nizamuddin to reach New Delhi station. There is no stop between Vijayawada and Chennai. The train takes around 6 hours and 20 minutes to reach Vijayawada from", "id": "12494278" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Hazur Sahib Nanded Superfast Express\n\n\n23 coaches with 1 locomotive The coaches are commissioned from the VSKP coaching depot. This train also shares the rake with Hirakud Express. This train stops at Mudkhed Jn, Basar, Nizamabad Jn, Kamareddi, Secunderabad Jn, Kazipet Jn, Vijayawada Jn*, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry and Duvvada. *This train will permanently divert to stop at Rayanapadu without touching Vijayawada Jn due to heavy traffic at the Vijayawada station. The train is hauled between Nanded and Secunderabad Jn by a twins WDM3A or WDM3D locomotives from the Guntakal shed", "id": "9289305" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nMachines (ATVM)s at Vijayawada Junction. The Vijayawada Junction also houses a Diesel Loco Shed which has the WDM 2 Locomotive and also an Electric Loco Shed which has the WAG-7, WAM 4, WAG-5 WAP 4 locos. The Vijayawada station was now arranged with a new Route Relay Interlocking system which returns the fast and punctual movement of trains into the city junction. Vijayawada railway station has 5 pit lines for primary maintenance of Trains originating from here. Satavahana Express, Ratnachal Express, Pinakini Express, Amaravati Express, Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express", "id": "19451706" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways South Central Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12531 from to and as train number 12532 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana & Andhra Pradesh. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad Junction Intercity Express has one AC Chair Car, six Non AC chair car, 11 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry", "id": "15221795" }, { "contents": "Andhra Pradesh AC Express\n\n\nAC first class coach, 5 AC second class coaches, 7 AC 3 third class coaches, 1 AC pantry car and 2 guard cum generator cars. It starts from Visakhapatnam and reaches New Delhi by next day. Similarly, it starts from New Delhi and reaches Visakhapatnam on next day. The average speed of the train is .Loco Attached from Visakhapatnam to Vijayawada WAP 4 of Visakhapatnam/Vijayawada shed or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Visakhapatnam shed and Vijayawada to New Delhi WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda/Ghaziabad shed. Train", "id": "13320019" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express\n\n\nfrom Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station via Gudur, Ongole, Vijayawada Junction, Nagpur, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantt to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. 12611 Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station - Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express leaves Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station every Saturday at 06:10 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 12612 Hazrat Nizamuddin - Puratchi", "id": "6359365" }, { "contents": "Nagavali Express\n\n\nits way. It starts from Sambalpur on Sunday, Monday and Friday at 08:50 and reaches Hazur Sahib Nanded on Monday, Tuesday and Saturday at 14:35. The train from Sambalpur to Nanded is numbered as 18309 and from Nanded to Sambalpur as 18310. It was hauled by electric locomotive WAP 4 of VSKP shed from Sambalpur to Visakhapatnam, from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad hauled by WAP 4 or WAP 7 of Lallaguda loco shed or WAG-5 of Vijayawada loco shed, and from Secunderabad to Hazur Sahib Nanded hauled by diesel locomotive WDM 3D twins or", "id": "21841141" }, { "contents": "Nizamabad - Pune Passenger\n\n\nThe Nizamabad – Pune passenger is a long distance daily passenger train that runs between the cities of Nizamabad in Telangana and Pune in Maharashtra state. The train starts from Nizamabad Junction and partially runs on Secunderabad - Manmad section. The train 51422 starts from Nizamabad railway station at 23:40 IST daily, covering the distance of 774 kilometers in 21 hours and 15 minutes, and halts at all the 75 intermediate stations before reaching Pune at 21:00 IST the next night. On the return journey the train 51421 departs Pune Junction at 14:25 IST and", "id": "16455564" }, { "contents": "Janmabhoomi Express\n\n\nThe Janmabhoomi Express (12805 / 12806) is an InterCity service of Indian Railways that travels from Lingampalli to Visakhapatnam. It was first introduced between Visakhapatnam and Vijayawada Jn. It was later extended up to Tenali and then the Nagarjuna Express(Secunderabad-Tenali-Secunderabad) was cancelled and thus made the Visakhapatnam-Secunderabad Janmabhoomi express via Tenali, and now it is extended from Secunderabad to Lingampalli. It is an express service that travels in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The train travels at an average speed of 55 km/h and uses", "id": "10303622" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nKrishna Express (numbered: 17405/17406) is an intercity express train running between of Andhra Pradesh and Adilabad of Telangana. It belongs to South Coast Railway of Indian Railways and it takes 24 hours and 50 minutes to cover between its nodal stations. 17405 Krishna Express starts from Tirupati at 5:25 a.m. and arrives Adilabad on next day 6:15 a.m. Similarly 17406 Krishna Express starts from Adilabad at 20:45 p.m. and arrives Tirupati on next day 21:15 p.m. The train is named after the Krishna river which flows from the city of Vijayawada and the train was", "id": "4434954" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam Swarna Jayanti Express\n\n\nVisakhapatnam on Monday and Thursday, respectively. Train No. 12803 leaves Visakhapatnam at 08:30 hours IST (Indian Standard Time) and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 17:10 hrs IST on the following day. Similarly Train No. 12804 leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin at 05:55 hrs and reaches Visakhapatnam at 17:25 hrs on the following day. The train runs via Rajahmundry, Eluru, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior and Agra. The locomotive reverses its direction at Vijayawada. This train shares the rake with Vizag Steel Samata Express", "id": "1990859" }, { "contents": "Tungabhadra Express\n\n\nThe Tungabhadra Express is an express train in India which runs between Kurnool City in Andhra Pradesh and Secunderabad Jn in Telangana. This train is named after the River Tungabhadra. The Secunderabad Division of the South Central Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17023 runs from Secunderabad Jn to Kurnool City while 17024 runs from Kurnool City to Secunderabad Jn. This train has rake sharing with 12705/12706(Secunderabad Jn - Guntur) Intercity Express The train starts from Secunderabad Jn at 07:30 hours and reaches Kurnool City at 12:30 hours the same", "id": "3844239" }, { "contents": "Navyug Express\n\n\n, Nellore, Vijayawada, Warangal, Ramagundam, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Gwalior, Agra and New Delhi to reach Katra. Coaches from Tirunelveli are attached to this train at Erode. It travels through the most of the states in India, passing through Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry(Mahe), Kerala and Karnataka. The locomotive used is a Tughlakabad WDP-4D from Katra to New Delhi and", "id": "11256058" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nuntil the nationalisation of all the independent railways in India occurred; following nationalisation, Indian Railways was formed under the Ministry of Railways in 1950 by the Government of India. The Vijayawada railway station, as the headquarters of Vijayawada Division, was assigned to the Southern Railway. In 1966, a new zone, South Central Railway, was formed, with Secunderabad as its headquarters; Vijayawada Division and Vijayawada Junction were merged with the new railway. In 1969, the Golconda Express was introduced between Vijayawada and Secunderabad as the express steam-", "id": "19451703" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe Visakhapatnam–Secunderabad Garib Rath Express is a daily running superfast garib rath train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad Railway Station to Visakhapatnam. This is the first Garib Rath to run daily. The train numbers are 12739 and 12740. It belongs to the South Central Railways. Train number 12740 runs from Secunderabad to Visakhapatnam and train number 12739 runs from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad. The train stops at Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Rajahmundry, Samalkot, Tuni, Anakapalle and Duvvada. The rake initially had 3AC and", "id": "21495732" }, { "contents": "Chennai Central–Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi Express\n\n\nThe Chennai-Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi is a day-train, so called because as it returns to the station of origin on the same day. It connects the two commercial centers of South India - Chennai and Vijayawada. It is one of the fastest and most comfortable trains between Chennai and Vijayawada. Vijayawada Jan Shatabdi runs between Chennai Central and Vijayawada Jn. The train is numbered as 12077 from Chennai Central. It departs at 07:35 and reaches Vijayawada Jn at 14:45 taking 7 hours 10 minutes to cover 455 km. On the", "id": "15974622" }, { "contents": "Padmavati Express\n\n\nThe Padmavati Express, (No. 12763/12764), is a superfast train belonging to Indian Railways, connecting Secundrabad to Tirupati. The train belongs to the South Central Railway. It runs daily, via Warangal, Vijayawada, Gudur. It is named after goddess Padmavati. The train departs from Secunderabad at 18:30 hours and arrives in Tirupati at 07:00 hours the next day. From Tirupati, the train departs at 17:00 hours and arrives in Secunderabad at 05:50 hours the next day. Major stations on the route include Kazipet, Warangal,", "id": "1992214" }, { "contents": "Simhadri Express\n\n\nThe Simhadri Express is an Express train in India which runs between Visakhapatnam and Guntur in Andhra Pradesh. This train is named after the god,Simhadri appanna in simhachalam of Andhra Pradesh . The Vijayawada division of the South Coast Railway division of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17240 runs from Visakhapatnam Jn to Guntur to while 17239 runs from Guntur to Visakhapatnam Jn The train starts from Visakhapatnam Jn at 07:10 hours and reaches Guntur at 15:30 hours the same day. In the return direction it leaves Guntur at 08:00 hours and", "id": "4021394" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Sainagar Shirdi Express\n\n\nSLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car coach. As with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 17417 / 18 Tirupati - Sainagar Shirdi Express runs from via , , , , , Puntamba to . As This Route is going to be electrified, a based diesel WDP-4 loco pulls the train to its destination. This train hauls WAP-4 Locomotive of Lallaguda from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and from Secunderabad Junction to Sainagar Shirdi it", "id": "17164990" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express\n\n\nThe Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express is an express train belonging to South Central Railway zone that runs between Vijayawada Junction and Dharmavaram Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 17215/17216 train numbers on tri-weekly basis. The 17215/Vijayawada - Dharmavaram Express has averages speed of 45 km/hr and covers 619 km in 13h 50m. The 17216/Dharmavaram - Vijayawada Express has averages speed of 42 km/hr and covers 619 km in 14h 50m. The important halts of the train are: The train has", "id": "16305170" }, { "contents": "Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express\n\n\naverage speed of the train is above 55 km/hr, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12830 / 29 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express runs via Khurda Road Junction, Vizianagram Junction, Visakhapatnam Junction, Vijayawada Junction to Chennai Central. It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam Junction. As the route is fully electrified, it is hauled end to end by a Arakkonam based WAM 4 locomotive. 12830 Bhubaneswar Chennai Central Express leaves Bhubaneswar every & Thursday at 12:00 hrs IST and reaches Chennai Central at", "id": "15134492" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\n-Modal Transport System and suburban trains (where two trains halt at the same platform, due to their short length). Platforms six and seven are divided in two (6A and B and 7A and B). Platform use is: Secunderabad is a junction of tracks from five directions: The Vijayawada-Secunderabad and Repalle-Secunderabad lines join at Bibinagar, near Secunderabad. The Vijayawada Junction-Wadi line is the only electrified line. The station is serviced by an average of 229 Inter-city and suburban rail trains", "id": "9981423" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express\n\n\n17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi – Vijayawada Express is a Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that run between and in India. It operates as train number 17207 from to and as train number 17208 in the reverse direction serving the states of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana & Andhra Pradesh . The train covers the distance of in 22 hours 22 mins approximately at a speed of (). The 17207 / 08 Sainagar Shirdi - Vijayawada Express has one AC 2-tier, one AC 3-tier, seven sleeper class, five general", "id": "17025981" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Visakhapatnam Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways running between Secunderabad (SC) and Visakhapatnam (VSKP). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2014 Annual Railway Budget of India and it uses the rake of Secunderabad – Shalimar Express. The train stops at 13 stations en route, connecting major cities like Warangal, Vijayawada, Eluru and Rajahmundry. The train runs weekly and is the first LHB AC train to be introduced on this route", "id": "20070157" }, { "contents": "Yesvantpur−Lucknow Express (via Vijayawada)\n\n\nThe 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways South Western Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22641from to and as train number 12540 in the reverse direction serving the states of Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. The 12539 / 40 Yesvantpur - Lucknow Express has one AC 2-tier, two AC 3-tier, 8 sleeper class, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two", "id": "16185167" }, { "contents": "Circar Express\n\n\nThe Circar Express is a daily express train run by Indian Railways running from Chengalpattu Junction railway station via Egmore Railway station (Chennai) Tamil Nadu to Kakinada Port railway station (COA) via Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. Main towns on the way are Tiruvottiyur, Nellore, Chirala, Bapatla, Nidubrolu, Tenali, Guntur, Vijayawada, Gudiwada, Bhimavaram, Rajahmundry and Kakinada. The train operates daily and covers a distance of 755 km. Train on:17643 depart from Chengalpattu Junction railway station to Kakinada Port every day at 16:00 hrs.", "id": "15161541" }, { "contents": "Gorakhpur−Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThe 12590 / 89 Secunderabad Junction - Gorakhpur Junction Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways North Eastern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 12590 from to and as train number 12589 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh & Uttar Pradesh. The 12590 / 89 Express has one AC 2-tier, four AC 3-tier, 11 sleeper class, four general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches and two high capacity parcel van coaches.", "id": "15004078" }, { "contents": "Sainagar Shirdi – Visakhapatnam Express\n\n\n& two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carries a pantry car coach. The 18504 / 03 Sainagar Shirdi Visakhapatnam Express runs from via Puntamba Junction, Kopargaon, Manmad Junction, Nagarsol, , Jalna, , Purna Junction, Hazur Saheb Nanded, Nizamabad Junction, Kamareddi, , Kazipet Junction, Warangal, Khammam, Vijayawada Junction, Eluru, Rajahmundry, Samalkot Junction, Tuni, Yelamanchili, Anakapalle and Duvvada to . This train shares it's rake with Visakhapatnam-Chennai Central Express on As This Route", "id": "18745904" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nYesvantpur Garib Rath Express runs from Secunderabad Junction via Kulluru, Gooty Junction, Dharmavaram Junction, Hindupur to Yesvantpur Junction. Will be diverted via ; GY KLU from 08/11/17 to 31/03/18. Will run with E-loco end to end from Secunderabad wef 08/11/17, a Lallaguda based WAP 7 or WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. Before 8 November 2017, this train was hauled by a Kazipet based WDM-3A from End to End. 12735 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express leaves Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday arriving", "id": "17485505" }, { "contents": "Godavari Express\n\n\nRajahmundry. However, in 1980, both the slip service and the RSA were cancelled as the Simhadri Express was extended up to Bhimavaram and the Kakinada-Secunderabad Goutami Express was introduced. The train retained its 5 new coaches and ran with a diesel locomotive end to end. By 1990, the train had become very popular and two more coaches were introduced, taking the total to 24. It then became one of the longest trains in India. As the Visakhapatnam-Vijayawada line and the Vijayawada-Kazipet-Hyderabad lines were", "id": "16272841" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nVijayawada, Rajahmundry, Samalkota, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Berhampur, Khordha, Bhubaneshwar, Cuttack, Balasore, Kharagpur and Santragachi. Unlike most trains, this train has two rake reversals, one at Vijayawada and one at Visakhapatnam. Albeit the LHB rake, the average speed of the train is only 60 km/h. The train's rake remains idle over weekends, which resulted in it being used during May–July 2013 to run a special AC express train between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam, the route with the highest", "id": "8907870" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nof , it was India's fastest metre gauge train at the time. The Secunderabad–Vijayawada Junction Golconda Express was introduced in 1969. The country's fastest steam train, with an average speed of . it was later extended to Guntur. In February 1978, the Secunderabad Division was split into two divisions: Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Although an early computerised reservation system began at Secunderabad in July 1989, the 30 September 1989 introduction of SCR's computerised Passenger Reservation]] System (PRS) at the station made reservations easier.", "id": "9981416" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nVijayawada railway station (station code:BZA) is an Indian railway station in Vijayawada of Andhra Pradesh, categorized as a \"Non-Subruban Grade-2 (NSG-2)\" station in Vijayawada railway division. Situated at the junction of Howrah-Chennai and New Delhi–Chennai main lines, it is the fourth busiest railway station in the country after Howrah Junction, Kanpur Central and New Delhi. The station serves about passengers, over 180 express and 150 freight trains everyday. The Vijayawada city junction railway station was constructed in 1888 when", "id": "19451701" }, { "contents": "Prashanti Express\n\n\nstates Odisha, Andhra and Karnataka. The major halts in this route are Khurda Road Junction, Brahmapur, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Guntur Junction, Guntakal Junction and Dharmavaram Junction. The train uses WAP4 of Vishakapatnam shed between Bhubaneswar and Vishakapatnam and then it changes to WAP4 of LGD/BZA shed from Vishakapatnam to Bengaluru. It has one 2AC, four 3AC, 11 Sleeper, four General and two SLR (sitting cum luggage van) coaches. It also has a pantry car for on board catering. The locomotive and two", "id": "13897312" }, { "contents": "Shalimar - Secunderabad AC Superfast Express\n\n\nThe Secunderabad – Shalimar Express is a superfast AC express train of the Indian Railways connecting Secunderabad (SC) to Kolkata Shalimar (SHM). It is handled by the South Central Railway (SCR). The train was announced in the 2012 Annual Railway Budget of India and its rake was rolled out in September 2012. The train stops at 14 stations en route, connecting major cities like Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam, Bhubaneshwar and Kharagpur. The train runs weekly. The train was flagged off from Secunderabad on 28 May 2013 at 11:00", "id": "8907867" }, { "contents": "Hool Express\n\n\nof Hool Express is 110 km/h between Andal and Shaktigarh. The important halts of the train are: The train has standard ICF rakes which its maintained by Eastern Railway with max speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 13 coaches : Both trains are hauled by a HWH Based WAP-4 or WAP 7 locomotive from Howrah to Siuri and vice versa. Train shares its rake with 13017/13018 Ganadevata Express 22321 - Starts Howrah Junction 6:45 AM IST daily and reach same Day at 11:05 AM IST at Siuri 22322 - Starts Siuri daily", "id": "7689065" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\nThursdays and arrives at Platform #3 of Secunderabad Junction at 4:00 IST, every Saturdays.From Platform #6 of Secunderabad Junction, the train departs at 7:30 IST, every Sundays and arrives at Platform #5 of Guwahati at 6:00 IST, every Tuesdays. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the route of Northeast Frontier Railway is", "id": "21395780" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the train is most neat and clean after trains like Shatabdi Express, Rajdhani Express and Duronto Express and other superfast trains in India. The 12703/Howrah-Secunderabad Falaknuma Express has an average speed of 60 km/h and covers 1544 km in 25h 40m.The 12704/Secunderabad-Howrah Falaknuma Express, with the same average speed, covers the same distance in 25h 50m. The train departs from Platform #21 of Howrah Junction at 07:25 IST and arrives in Platform #2,6 of Secunderabad Junction at 09:05 IST", "id": "16990165" }, { "contents": "East Coast Express (India)\n\n\nThe East Coast Express is a daily train that runs between Hyderabad and Howrah (near Kolkata). This train numbered 18645/46 takes 30 hours to cover the distance of 1592 km due to a lot of stops on the way. This train has 11 sleeper coaches, four 3AC, one 2AC, 2 general and 2 SLR coaches making a total of 20 coaches. The train is hauled by a Lallaguda WAP7 locomotive from Secundrabad to Vijayawada. It reverses there and gets another WAP4 Lallaguda loco and hauls it up to Visakhapatnam. It", "id": "11255713" }, { "contents": "Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla AC Duronto Express\n\n\nhauled by a Krishnarajapuram based WDP 4/B/D from Yeshvantapur Junction up to Secunderabad Junction handing over to a Lallaguda based WAP 7 which would power the train up to its destination Delhi Sarai Rohilla. With progressive electrification, it is now a end to end haul by a Lallaguda based WAP 7. 12213 Yeshvantapur Delhi Sarai Rohilla Duronto Express leaves Yeshvantapur Junction every Saturday at 23:40 hrs IST and reaches Delhi Sarai Rohilla at 07:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12214 Delhi Sarai Rohilla Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Delhi Sarai Rohilla every", "id": "1061928" }, { "contents": "Navjeevan Express\n\n\nday at 17:30. On its return lap, it departed Ahmedabad Junction on Thursdays at 06:50, and reached Madras Beach the next evening at 19:50. The train ran via Renigunta – Wadi Junction – Daund – Manmad Junction – Jalgaon with a 24 coach haul, and a single WDM-2 Diesel loco. A single coach AC 2 Sleeper accommodation was introduced in 1984. This train is now renumbered as 12655/12656 and runs daily from Chennai Central via Vijayawada – Khammam – Warangal – Wardha – Jalgaon – Surat – Vadodara to Ahmedabad and vice versa", "id": "19111960" }, { "contents": "Himsagar Express\n\n\nto Tirunelveli Junction & Chhindwara Junction to Bhopal Junction. The train travels through states of Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Katra to Kanyakumari: There are several long halts for this train like New Delhi (150 min) and in Thiruvananthapuram Central, Ernakulam Town, Kottayam Railway Station, Erode Junction, Bhopal Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Jhansi, Gwalior Junction and Vijayawada (10-15 min each", "id": "20626707" }, { "contents": "Kerala Express\n\n\nNadu died due to heat exposure in the Kerala Express as it traveled south through the Bundelkhand, before the train arrived at Jhansi Junction. The 12625/26 Kerala Express runs from Thiruvananthapuram via Kollam Junction, Kottayam, Ernakulam Town, Palakkad, Coimbatore, Tirupati, Vijayawada, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi, Jhansi to New Delhi. Since the entire route is fully electrified, this train is hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive The train 12626 is named as Kerala Express. It leaves New Delhi at 11:25 on day 1 and reaches Trivandrum at", "id": "11283411" }, { "contents": "Dakshin Express\n\n\nJunction. It is usually hauled by a WAP 7 locomotive from the Lalaguda Shed. 12721 Dakshin Express leaves Hyderabad Decan every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 04:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12722 Dakshin Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every day at 23:00 hrs IST and reaches Hyderabad Decan at 05:00 hrs IST on the 3rd day. Secunderabad, Kazipet, Peddapalli Junction, Ramagundam, sirpur kaghaznagar Balharshah Junction, Sewagram, Nagpur,betul, Itarsi, Hoshangabad, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Agra Cantt, Mathura", "id": "22011130" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\noperates to Vijayawada Junction, Visakhapatnam, New Delhi, Howrah Station, Chennai Central and Bangalore. The greatest passenger volume is between Secunderabad and Visakhapatnam. The Godavari Express and Gowthami Express are SCR's most prestigious trains. Secunderabad is the only station in the Hyderabad MMTS to connect to all four MMTS commuter lines, and is the system's commuter inter-change hub. The station is on Lines 2 and 3 of the Hyderabad Metro. Secunderabad East Metro Station, on the blue line, is near Secunderabad Junction. Secunderabad Station", "id": "9981426" }, { "contents": "Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\n\n\n\"Guwahati - Secunderabad Express\"' is a Superfast Express train belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that runs between Guwahati and Secunderabad in India.It is currently being operated with 12513/12514 train numbers on weekly basis. It runs weekly and connects important stations such as Kamakhya, New Jalpaiguri, Malda Town, Howrah, Bhubaneswar, Berhampur, Vishakhapatnam and Vijayawada. It is another fast alternative next after Falaknuma Express on this route. The train has less halts than any other train from Kolkata/Bhubaneswar to Secunderabad as it has just two", "id": "21395778" }, { "contents": "Delta Fast Passenger\n\n\nDelta Express is an Express Train in India which runs between Kacheguda of Telangana and Repalle of Andhra Pradesh. The South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways administers this train. Train Number 17625 runs from Kacheguda to Repalle while 17626 runs from Repalle to Secunderabad Junction. Initially this was ran as Fast passenger service, from 19 October 2017 upgraded to Express. The Delta Express is usually hauled by a WDM2/WDM3A. The 18 coach composition contains – 5 Sleeper Class, 1 3-tier AC, 11 Unreserved and 2 SLR. Delta Fast", "id": "13757084" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\ndaily. Most trains originate or terminate at Secunderabad. The Vijayawada–Wadi line, which passes through the station, is one of SCR's busiest lines. It is also an IR freight station. Its Freight Operation Information System monitors freight movement. Secunderabad is served by a number of lines: It is one of Indian Railways' busiest stations. About 170,000 passengers use Secunderabad daily on over 200 trains. The Secunderabad Rajdhani Express, between Secunderabad and the Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station, was introduced on 27 February 2002. Another daily", "id": "9981424" }, { "contents": "Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 22807 / 08 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi Junction via Kharagpur Junction, Cuttack, Bhubaneswar, Khurda Road Jn, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada Junction, Gudur Junction to Chennai Central . It reverses direction of travel at Visakhapatnam. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 hauls the train from Santragachi Junction up to Visakhapatnam handing over to a Vijayawada based WAP 1 locomotive powers the train for the remainder of its journey. 22807 Santragachi Chennai Central AC Express runs from Santragachi", "id": "20019252" }, { "contents": "Motamarri–Vishnupuram section\n\n\nroute. Railway officials are considering the line as a key to reduce train traffic between Kazipet and Vijayawada. Further, the route can be used as a loop line in case of emergency and any problem that arises between Khammam and Secunderabad line. Another key factor of Motamarri-Vishnupuram line is the distance between Vijayawada to Secunderabad will be reduced to 60km if some passenger trains ply this route. The journey duration between two cities will be reduced to one-and-a-half hour. Some passenger trains running from Kolkata", "id": "15177874" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nMumbai at 10:45 IST. 12109 DOWN Panchvati Express departs Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus(CST), Mumbai daily at 18:15 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 22:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 258 km between Manmad Junction and Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus. After leaving Manmad Junction, the train have official halts at Lasalgaon, Niphad, Nasik Road, Deolali, Igatpuri, Kasara, Kalyan Junction and Dadar before reaching Mumbai CST. Coach Position Previously, it was hauled end to end with a Kalyan based WCAM 3 locomotive. With Central Railway switching over", "id": "14209530" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam - Secunderabad AC SF Express\n\n\nThe train has no pantry car and offers no catering. The up train departs Secunderabad every Saturday at 17:55 and arrives at Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 06:50. The down train departs Visakhapatnam every Sunday at 19:00 and arrives at Secunderabad every Monday at 07:40. The train runs with an average speed of and has a rake reversal at Vijayawada. The train is equipped with LHB coaches. They are considered to be \"anti-telescopic\", which means they do not get turned over, if the train derails or gets involved in a", "id": "20070159" }, { "contents": "Tamil Nadu Express\n\n\nPuratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and 6 hrs and 45 minutes to reach Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station, from Vijayawada. The non-stop run of 431 km between Vijayawada and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the second longest inter-halt journey for any train other than the Thiruvananthapuram Rajdhani Express or the Duronto Express, Kochuveli Dehradun Superfast Express, Kochuveli Amritsar Super Fast Express and Kerala Sampark Kranti Express (between Kota and Vadodara 528 km non stop). The train has a lot", "id": "12494279" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nThe 12735/36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express is a Superfast express train of the Garib Rath series belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction and Yesvantpur Junction in India. It operates as train number 12735 from Secunderabad Junction to Yesvantpur Junction and as train number 12736 in the reverse direction serving the states of Telangana, Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh. It is part of the Garib Rath Express series launched by the former railway minister of India, Laloo Prasad Yadav. The 12735 / 36 Secunderabad Yesvantpur Garib Rath Express", "id": "17485503" }, { "contents": "Millennium Express\n\n\n/hr) . As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12645 / 46 Ernakulam Hazrat Nizamuddin Millennium Express runs from Ernakulam Junction via Coimbatore Junction, Erode Junction, Katpadi Junction, Renigunta Junction, Gudur, Vijayawada Junction, Warangal, Balharshah, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Agra Cantonment, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin . As route is fully electrified, a Erode or Royapuram based WAP 4 locomotive hauls the train for", "id": "19843460" }, { "contents": "Guntur−Secunderabad Intercity Express\n\n\ncar coach. As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12705 - Intercity Express covers the distance of in 6 hours 50 mins (56 km/hr) & in 6 hours 45 mins as the 12706 - Intercity Express (57 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is equal than , as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12705 / 06 Guntur Junction – Secunderabad", "id": "15221796" }, { "contents": "Pune Nagpur Garib Rath Express\n\n\nPune Nagpur Garib Rath Express leaves Pune Junction at 17:40 hrs IST and reaches the Nagpur Junction next day at 09:25 hrs IST . On return, the 12114 Nagpur Pune Garib Rath Express leaves Nagpur Junction at 18:35 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction next day at 09:45 hrs IST. Earlier, the train was hauled between Pune Junction and Manmad Junction by a Pune based WDM 3A handing over to a Bhusaval based WAP 4 or Ajni based WAP 7 for the remainder of its journey. With progressive electrification, it is now hauled by a", "id": "15547705" }, { "contents": "Gowthami Express\n\n\nVijayawada Junction to Rayanapadu station bypass from 13 April 2019 to ease bottle necks at Vijayawada Junction. Stoppage at Vijayawada junction has been officially removed from time table of the train. The train is regularly hauled by a single Vijayawada (BZA) based WAP4 or WAP7 locomotive from COA. There is no loco reversal, since this train is taking a bypass route near BZA. In July, 2008 Gowthami Express supposedly was short-circuited and fire accident broke out during the night. Those wakened by the sounds escaped by pulling the emergency", "id": "5064522" }, { "contents": "Surat Jamnagar Intercity Express\n\n\nfrom via , , , , to . The important halts of the train are: As the route is partially electrified, a based WAP-4E or WAP-5 locomotive hauls the train from to handing over to a based WDM-3A locomotive which powers the train for the remainder of the journey. 22959 Surat - Jamnagar Intercity Express leaves every day except Monday at 13:30 PM IST and reaches at 23:40 PM IST the same day. 22960 Jamnagar - Surat Intercity Express leaves every day except Tuesday at 04:45 AM IST and reaches at 14:50 PM IST the same", "id": "16632183" }, { "contents": "Visakhapatnam – Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Express\n\n\n, Rajahmundry, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Akividu, Kaikaluru, Gudivada, Vijayawada Junction, Kazipet, Moula Ali, Secunderabad Junction, Lingampalli, Vikarabad, Tandur, Wadi, Gulbarga, Solapur and Pune en route to Lokmanya Tilak Terminus. Train no 18520 stops at the same stations, but the other way around. The train consists of One First Class Ac + One Two Tier AC coach+ Two Three tier AC coach, ten Sleeper Class coaches, Six Unreserved General coaches and two Unreserved Luggage cum Sleeper Coaches. The train is regularly", "id": "8806545" }, { "contents": "Kazipet–Vijayawada section\n\n\n, then known as Bezwada. As of 1909, \"From Wadi on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway runs east to Warangal and then south-east towards Bezwada on the East Coast section of the Madras Railway.\" The Motumari-Jaggayyapeta line was extended to Mellacheruvu in 2012. It is to be extended further to Vishnupuram on the Guntur-Pagidipalli-Secunderabad line. The Vijayawada-Madhira sector was electrified in 1985–86, the Madhira-Dornakal sector in 1986–87 and the Dornakal-Kazipet sector", "id": "14462438" }, { "contents": "Krishna Express\n\n\nfirst started from there itself. Later, it was extended up to Secunderabad and Nizamabad now up to Adilabad.It was extended up to Tirupathi on the other side. This train runs via Mudkhed, Nizamabad, , Kazipet Junction, , Gudur Junction and . The train starts at and reaches Tirupati. 17405 Krishna Express - Tirupati to Adilabad 17406 Krishna Express - Adilabad to Tirupati This train gets reversed at Secunderabad Junction and Mudkhed Junction. At Secunderabad Junction the locomotive is changed from electric to diesel and vice versa. This", "id": "4434955" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad AC Duronto Express\n\n\n. The 12220 Secunderabad - Mumbai (LTT) Duronto Express starts from Secunderabad Junction every Tuesday & Friday night reaching Lokmanya Tilak Terminus the next day. The 12219 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus - Secunderabad Duronto starts from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Saturday night reaching Secunderabad Junction the next day. Being a Duronto Express train, it has commercial halts at Pune and Solapur between its terminal stops. However the 12220 Secunderabad Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Duronto Express runs from Secunderabad Junction with technical halts at Wadi Junction, Solapur Junction, Pune Junction, Lonavala and", "id": "10549315" }, { "contents": "Ratnachal Express\n\n\nSouth Coast Railway zone Ratnachal Express (numbered:12717/12718) is a superfast intercity express train of Indian Railways, operated between and . Hauled by WAP 7 or WAP 4 Locos. Train Fare from Vijayawada to Vishakapatnam for 2S Rs. 145. For CC Rs. 525. The Ratnachal Express covers the distance of 349 km in 6 hours as 12717 Ratnachal Express averaging 59 km/hr. As it runs above 55 km/hr, it has superfast surcharge. This train halts at Nuzvid, Eluru, Tadepalligudem, Nidadavolu, Rajahmundry,", "id": "21083995" }, { "contents": "Falaknuma Express\n\n\n, the next day. From Platform #1 of Secunderabad, the train departs at 15:55 IST and arrives in Platform #20 of Howrah at 17:45 IST, the next day. The train usually consists of a massive load of 24 standard ICF Coaches: As is customary with most other train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways, depending on demand. 1. As the Nalgonda-Guntur route is under electrification, A Gooty/Krishnarajapuram based WDP-4D diesel locomotive hauls the train from Secunderabad", "id": "16990166" }, { "contents": "Porbandar - Muzaffarpur Express\n\n\nmax speed of 110 kmph. The train consist of 21 coaches: Both trains are hauled by a Vatva Loco Shed based WDM 3A diesel locomotive from Delhi to Porbandar and vice versa. The train share its rake with 12905/12906 Howrah Porbandar Express, 19263/19264 Porbandar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla Express and 19201/19202 Secunderabad - Porbandar Weekly Express. Train Reverses its direction 1 times: 19270 - leaves Muzaffarpur Jn Every Sunday and Monday at 15:15 HRS IST and reach Porbandar on Tuesday and Wednesday at 17:20 Hrs IST 19269 - Leaves Porbandar every Thursday, Friday", "id": "16606458" }, { "contents": "Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express\n\n\nHowrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express is a completely 3-tier AC sleeper trains of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh . It is currently being operated with 20889/20890 train numbers on weekly basis. From 23.02.2019 the train was extended from Vijayawada Junction to Tirupati and from 24.02.2019 in reverse direction. It averages 65 km/hr as 20889/Howrah - Tirupati Humsafar Express starts on Saturday and covering 1617  km in 26 hrs 5 mins & 63 km/hr as 20890/Tirupati - Howrah Humsafar Express starts on Sunday", "id": "11174033" }, { "contents": "Pragati Express\n\n\n2nd last train to return. 12126 Pune Mumbai Pragati Express leaves Pune Junction every day at 07:50 hrs IST and reaches Mumbai CST at 11:15 hrs IST. On return, the 12125 Mumbai Pune Pragati Express leaves Mumbai CST every day at 16:25 hrs IST and reaches Pune Junction at 19:50 hrs IST. When the train was introduced, it was hauled by WCM 2/3/5 DC locomotives as the route between Mumbai and Pune was under 1500 V DC. From the mid 1990s till present, it is currently hauled end to end by a WCAM", "id": "4891909" }, { "contents": "Doon Express\n\n\nis hauled by a Mughalsarai based WAP 4 from Howrah junction to Mughalsarai junction, then a Gonda-based WDP4D hauls the train up to Lucknow then again a Mughalsarai based WAP4 hauls the train up to its destination. 13009 Howrah Dehradun Doon Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at 20:30 hrs IST and reaches Dehradun at 07:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 13010 Dehradun Howrah Doon Express leaves Dehradun on a daily basis at 20:25 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 06:55 hrs IST on the 3rd day. On 31 May", "id": "11565203" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nThe system, later linked to New Delhi (1997), Howrah (1998), Mumbai and Chennai (both 1999), preceded the CONCERT reservation system which was developed at Secunderabad in September 1994 and implemented in January 1995. The Secunderabad–Mahbubnagar metre gauge section was converted to broad gauge in 1993, breaking an important north-south meter gauge freight connection north from Secunderabad. That year, the Secunderabad station was electrified towards Kazipet and Vijayawada Junction. The electric-locomotive shed in South Lallaguda (near the Secunderabad station", "id": "9981417" }, { "contents": "Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express\n\n\nExpress (67.69 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above , as per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The train 12245 / 46 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express has stops at Bhubaneswar, Vizianagaram, Vijayawada and Renigunta. As the route is fully electrified, it is powered by a Santragachi based WAP 7 or WAP 4 or Tatanagar based WAP 7 for its entire journey. 12245 Howrah Yeshvantapur Duronto Express leaves Howrah Junction at 10:50 AM every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday &", "id": "1061931" }, { "contents": "Samarsata Express\n\n\nshed would haul the train from Lokmanya Tilak Terminus up to Igatpuri handing over to a Santragachi based WAP 4 which powers the train until Howrah Junction. With Central Railway progressively moving towards a complete changeover from DC to AC traction, it has recently started being hauled end to end by a Santragachi based WAP 4 locomotive. 12151 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Howrah Samarsata Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Wednesday & Thursday at 20:35 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 08:25 hrs IST on the 3rd day. 12152 Howrah Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Samarsata Express leaves", "id": "15073326" }, { "contents": "Ajmer–Sealdah Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12988/87 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express runs via Jaipur Junction, Agra Fort, Kanpur Central, Allahabad Junction, Gaya Junction & Dhanbad Junction. A Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP 4 hauls the train between Ajmer Junction & Agra Fort after which a Howrah based WAP 4 or WAP-7 hauls the train until Sealdah. 12988 Ajmer Sealdah Superfast Express leaves Ajmer Junction daily at 12:50 IST and reaches Sealdah at 15:55 IST the next day. 12987 Sealdah Ajmer Superfast Express leaves Sealdah daily", "id": "7673439" }, { "contents": "Seshadri Express\n\n\nVijayawada to cater to the needs of Godavari and Krishna Dists. The Seshadri Express runs between Kakinada and the software capital of India, Bangalore, via Tirupati. It is currently being operated with 17209 / 17210 train numbers. It is one of the busiest trains, running with 20 coaches at full capacity at all times. It has 6 AC, 10 Sleeper, 3 second-class general compartments, and 2 luggage cum brake vans. This train runs via Jolarpettai Junction, Katpadi Junction, Tirupati, Renigunta Junction, Vijayawada Junction", "id": "9768405" }, { "contents": "Vijayawada Junction railway station\n\n\nthe Southern Maharatta Railway's main eastward route was connected with other lines going through Vijayawada. In 1889, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway constructed a line between Secunderabad Railway Station and Vijayawada as an extension railway for Bezawada; the station subsequently became a junction of three lines from different directions. On 1 November 1899, the broad gauge line was constructed between Vijayawada and Chennai, making rail journey between Chennai, Mumbai, Howrah, New Delhi and Hyderabad possible. In the following decades the Vijayawada railway station was developed into a junction", "id": "19451702" }, { "contents": "Kacheguda - Akola Intercity Express\n\n\nThe Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is an Express train of South Central Railway Zone, which runs between the cities of Akola, the major Industrial & agricultural city of Maharashtra and Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana, India. The train primarily runs on Secunderabad-Manmad section. The Akola - Kacheguda Intercity Express is hauled by WDM-2 or WDM 3A of GTL(Guntakal) shed. The rack composition is LOCO-SLR-GEN-GEN-GEN-C1-D1-D2-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN-GEN", "id": "12997337" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nThe 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Secunderabad Junction & Sirpur Kaghaznagar in India. It operates as train number 12757 from Secunderabad Junction to Sirpur Kaghaznagar and as train number 12758 in the reverse direction serving the state of Telangana. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express has 1 AC Chair Car, 2 II Chair Cars, 17 General Unreserved & 2 SLR (Seating cum Luggage Rake) Coaches. It does not carry a", "id": "8927812" }, { "contents": "Tirupati–Coimbatore Intercity Express\n\n\nThe 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express is a Express train belonging to Indian Railways Southern Railway zone that runs between and in India. It operates as train number 22615 from to and as train number 22616 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu. The 22615 / 16 Tirupati - Coimbatore Junction Intercity Express has one AC chair car, eight Chair car, 14 general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach. As is", "id": "16884434" }, { "contents": "Kaziranga Express\n\n\nVishakhapatnam, Vijayawada and Chennai. The 12510/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 56 kmph and covers 2990 km in 53h 20m. The 2509/Kaziranga Express has an average speed of 55 kmph and covers the same distance in 54h 20m. The train departs from Platform #7 of Guwahati at 6:20 IST, every Sun, Mon and Tue and arrives at Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment at 11:40 IST, every Tue, Wed and Thu. From Platform #1A of Bangalore Cantonment, the train departs", "id": "20953191" }, { "contents": "Kaghaznagar Express\n\n\nPantry car coach. As is customary with most train services in India, Coach Composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand. The 12757 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express covers the distance of in 5 hours 10min in both directions. (57.5.00 km/hr). As the average speed of the train is above, as per Indian Railway rules, its fare include a Superfast surcharge. The 12757 / 58 Secunderabad Sirpur Kaghaznagar Kaghaznagar Express runs from Secunderabad railway station via Bhongir, Kazipet Junction, Jammikunta,", "id": "8927813" }, { "contents": "Howrah Purulia Express\n\n\nevery day. It stops at Kharagpur Junction, Bankura Junction, Adra Junction, and at few other stations before reaching Purulia Junction at 22:20. The return train leaves Purulia Junction at 05:30 and reaches Howrah at 11:20. As the route is fully electrified, a Santragachi based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 12828 Purulia Howrah Express leaves Purulia Junction on a daily basis at 05:30 hrs IST and reaches Howrah Junction at 11:20 hrs IST the same day. 12827 Howrah Purulia Express leaves Howrah Junction on a daily basis at", "id": "1707395" }, { "contents": "Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express\n\n\nCoimbatore–Jaipur Superfast Express (Train Nos 12969/12970) is a Super fast express weekly train run by Indian Railways between Coimbatore Main Junction in Tamil Nadu and Jaipur in Rajasthan. The train starts on Fridays from Coimbatore and on Tuesdays from Jaipur, covering the total distance of in approximately 45 hours. This train passes through 37 intermediate stations including Kota, Ujjain, Bhopal, Itarsi, Nagpur, Vijayawada, Tiruvottiyur,Chennai Central, Katpadi, Jolarpettai, Salem and Erode. The Coimbatore–Jaipur Superfast express has rake sharing arrangement with", "id": "11524937" }, { "contents": "Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh\n\n\nNational railway station in Chittoor city of Andhra Pradesh. It lies on Gudur-Katpadi Branch line section and is administered under Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway zone. Nearest Major Railway Junction is Katpadi Junction railway station Tamil Nadu. Just 30 km from Chittoor city. There are direct trains daily from Chittoor to Vijayawada, Kakinada, Kacheguda (Hyderabad), Bengaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, New Delhi to Kanyakumari HimSagar Express and weekly/biweekly/triweekly trains connect Chittoor with Mannargudi, Jammu, Katra, Tirunelveli, Mangalore, Ernakulam,", "id": "16712677" }, { "contents": "Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express\n\n\nits fare includes a Superfast surcharge. The 12405 / 06 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express runs from Bhusaval Junction via Akola Junction, Badnera Junction, Nagpur, Itarsi Junction, Bhopal Junction, Jhansi Junction, Mathura Junction to Hazrat Nizamuddin. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Bhusaval based WAP 4 locomotive powers the train for its entire journey. sometime it hauled by WAP 7 locomotive. 12405 Bhusaval Hazrat Nizamuddin Gondwana Express leaves Bhusaval Junction every Tuesday & Sunday at 05:40 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 07:25 hrs IST the", "id": "6175300" }, { "contents": "Marathwada Express\n\n\nThe Marathwada Express is a train that connects Manmad and Dharmabad. It is also known as the High Court Express. During its journey, it connects many important places in Marathwada such as Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani and , Nanded. 17688 UP Marathwada Express departs Dharmabad at 04:00 IST and reaches Manmad Junction at 13:10 IST. 17687 DOWN Marathwada Express departs Manmad Junction at 15:00 IST and reaches Dharmabad at 23:50 IST. The train covers a distance of 419 km between Manmad Junction and Dharmabad. The train connects almost all the major cities", "id": "17038749" }, { "contents": "Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express\n\n\nWAP-7's are the traditional locomotives for this train & power the train for its entire journey. It also has been occasionally hauled by Bhusaval/Itarsi WAM-4, Gzb(Ghaziabad)/Rpm(Royapuram)/Lgd(Lallaguda) based WAP-7 and once by a Ghaziabad WAP-5. 22109 Lokmanya Tilak Terminus Hazrat Nizamuddin AC Express leaves Lokmanya Tilak Terminus every Tuesday at 14:30 hrs IST and reaches Hazrat Nizamuddin at 10:20 hrs IST the next day. 22110 Hazrat Nizamuddin Lokmanya Tilak Terminus AC Express leaves Hazrat Nizamuddin every Wednesday at 15:50 hrs IST and reaches Lokmanya Tilak Terminus at 11:50 hrs IST the next day", "id": "5765786" }, { "contents": "Amaravati Express\n\n\nAmaravati Express is the name given to two services operated by Indian Railways. As at December 2015, these train services are This service runs daily each way and is operated by the Bezwada(Vijayawada) division of South Central Railway(SCR). The train runs across southern India from Andhra Pradesh to Karnataka. This service runs four times a week each way. It operates via Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Guntur, Nandyal, Guntakal, Bellary, Hospet, Gadag, Hubli, Dharwad, Londa, Madgaon. This service is operated by the South Eastern", "id": "6054698" }, { "contents": "Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express\n\n\nas per Indian Railway rules, its fare does not include a Superfast surcharge. The 14211 / 12 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express runs from Agra Cantt via Mathura Junction, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Tughlakabad, Hazrat Nizamuddin to New Delhi. As the entire route is fully electrified, a Kanpur based WAP 4 powers the train for its entire journey. 14211 Agra Cantt New Delhi Intercity Express leaves Agra Cantt on a daily basis at 06:00 hrs IST and reaches New Delhi at 10:20 hrs IST the same day. 14212 New Delhi Agra", "id": "5765828" }, { "contents": "Jabalpur–Rewa Intercity Express\n\n\nJabalpur - Rewa Intercity Express is a daily superfast Mail/Express Train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Jabalpur Junction railway station of Jabalpur, one of the important city & miliatery cantonment hub of Central Indian state Madhya Pradesh and Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. The number allowted for the train is : The name \"Intercity Express\" refers to the chair car class service of the Intercity Express (Indian Railways) trains, hence the name Train no. 11452 departs from Rewa daily at 06:00, reaching Jabalpur, the same morning", "id": "7460739" }, { "contents": "Seven Hills Express\n\n\nThe 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express is a Superfast express train belonging to Indian Railways - South Central Railway zone that runs between Tirupati and Secunderabad Junction in India. It operates as train number 12769 from Tirupati to Secunderabad Junction and as train number 12770 in the reverse direction serving the states of Andhra Pradesh & Telangana. It is named after the famed Seven Hills temple of Tirumala Venkateswara Temple. The 12769 / 70 Tirupati Secunderabad Seven Hills Express has 1 AC 2 tier, 2 AC 3 tier, 8 Sleeper Class,", "id": "8600074" }, { "contents": "Panchvati Express\n\n\nPanchavati Express (Marathi: पंचवटी एक्सप्रेस) is a superfast intercity express train that connects Mumbai with Manmad . It is a daily means of transport for passengers traveling between Mumbai, capital of Maharashtra and Nashik. The train is recorded in the Limca book of records as an ideal train since the train preserves some of its features. It is one of the prestigious trains of Central Railways. It was introduced on 1 November 1973. 12110 UP Panchavati Express departs Manmad Junction at 06:02 IST and reaches Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CST),", "id": "14209529" }, { "contents": "Secunderabad Junction railway station\n\n\nconnected to the Singareni Collieries Company by a line. The Secunderabad-Wadi line was extended to Vijayawada Junction as the Vijayawada-Wadi line in 1889. A broad gauge connection between Vijayawada Junction and Chennai Central opened the following year, enabling rail travel between Hyderabad and Chennai (then Madras). The Hyderabad-Godavari Valley Railways was established in 1900 with the opening of the Manmad-Secunderabad metre gauge line, and merged into the NGSR in 1930. In 1916, the Kachiguda railway station was built as NGSR headquarters and to", "id": "9981413" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nlaw and administrative law and equity, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1981. Tamberlin was appointed a federal court justice in 1994. Tamberlin engaged in lecturing initiatives in legal areas such as federal constitutional law, administrative law and intellectual property in several countries such as the United States, Vietnam and Thailand. He traveled to Indonesia in AusAID programs operated by the Law Faculty for Indonesian judges, with professor Philip Lewis Griffiths. Tamberlin has also served as a justice in the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Following Tamberlin's", "id": "17237457" }, { "contents": "Brian Tamberlin\n\n\nBrian Tamberlin, QC is a retired Australian jurist, barrister, law commentator and justice in the Australia's federal court. Tamberlin was educated at Marist Brothers Parramatta (Class of 1955) where he came 10th in the State in Modern History in the Leaving Certificate that year. He subsequently received both his Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws from the University of Sydney. He later received his LLM in law from Harvard Law School. Tamberlin was called to the New South Wales bar in 1967 specializing in town planning law, commercial", "id": "17237456" }, { "contents": "Street family\n\n\nthe University of Sydney and a Bachelor of Laws from Sydney Law School. She is married to fellow federal jurist, Arthur Emmett. Justice Arthur Emmett, , the husband of Sylvia, was also a federal Australian judge and Challis Lecturer in Roman Law at Sydney Law School. Justice Arthur Emmett was appointed to the New South Wales Court of Appeal at a formal ceremony on Thursday, 7 March 2013 after serving as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Judge Alexander \"Sandy\" Whistler Street, , is also a judge", "id": "3901535" }, { "contents": "Bryan Beaumont\n\n\nAboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia. At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the", "id": "3381203" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nGarry Keith Downes (born 7 January 1944) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia and former President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Downes attended Newington College (1956-1960) and graduated from the University of Sydney Law School in 1967. His first job was as associate to then Chief Justice of Australia, Sir Garfield Barwick. Downes was called to the Australian Bar in 1970 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1983. He was also a member of the English Bar. His practice was concentrated on commercial law", "id": "3287545" }, { "contents": "Mark Weinberg (judge)\n\n\nof the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. He resigned from the Federal Court and his other appointments in 2008 in order to take up office as a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 2017, Justice Weinberg was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, particularly through reforms to criminal law and procedure, to legal education in Victoria, and to the administration of justice", "id": "13088201" }, { "contents": "Marcus Einfeld\n\n\nMarcus Richard Einfeld (born 22 September 1938) is a former Australian judge who served on the Federal Court of Australia and was the inaugural president of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In retirement, he served two years in prison after being convicted of perjury and perverting the course of justice. Einfeld studied law at the University of Sydney. His father Syd Einfeld was a federal MP. He was called to the bar in 1962, and appointed Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1977. From 1972 to 1976,", "id": "17678511" }, { "contents": "Xavier Connor\n\n\nFrancis Xavier Connor (12 December 1917 - 27 December 2005) was an Australian jurist. Known professionally as Xavier Connor, he was Chair of the Victorian Bar Council from 1967 to 1969. He was appointed a Justice of the Supreme Court of the ACT in 1972 and was made a foundation judge of the Federal Court of Australia in 1977, serving on this court until 1982. Justice Connor served as President of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 1985 to 1987, President of the Courts-Martial Appeal Tribunal (1979),", "id": "8231894" }, { "contents": "Arthur Emmett (judge)\n\n\nArthur Robert Emmett, AO, QC (born 1943, Crows Nest, New South Wales) is an Australian judge and has been a member of the New South Wales Court of Appeal since 7 March 2013. From 1997 until 2013 he was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School and the University of Sydney, where he earned a B.A. in 1964, an LL.B. in 1967, and an LL.M. in 1976. Justice Emmett lectures in Roman law at the Sydney Law", "id": "2979409" }, { "contents": "Garry Downes\n\n\nof Law Reporting. Downes was appointed judge of the Federal Court of Australia and President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 2002. He is the immediate past Chair of the Council of Australasian Tribunals (COAT) and a past member of the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration (AIJA). In November 2007 he assumed, with Chief Justice Michael Black of the Federal Court, co-presidency of the International Association of Supreme Administrative Jurisdictions (IASAJ). On 15 May 2012, Downes retired from the Bench. In", "id": "3287547" }, { "contents": "John Mansfield (judge)\n\n\nJohn Ronald Mansfield, Australian jurist, is a former Justice of the Federal Court of Australia. He served from 1996 to 2016 and sat in the court's South Australian registry. Mansfield was educated at Saint Ignatius College, South Australia before graduating from the University of Adelaide with Honours in Law. He was admitted as a practitioner in 1969 and later appointed Queen's Counsel for South Australia in 1985 and for the Northern Territory in 1988. He was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia in September 1996. Mansfield has served as", "id": "1759456" }, { "contents": "Monash University Faculty of Law\n\n\nstudents and over 100 professors, lecturers and teaching associates. The Faculty of Law's alumni include two Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of Victoria, current and former judges of the Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Victoria, Supreme Court of New South Wales, County Court of Victoria and High Court of Hong Kong, distinguished academics and legal scholars, federal and state politicians including two Treasurers of Australia, prominent businesspersons, artists and media personalities. Currently, a number of senior judicial positions in Victoria, including Chief Justice", "id": "7973199" }, { "contents": "Arvo Mikkanen\n\n\n's Office, Mikkanen was an associate attorney and litigator with the Andrews Davis law firm in Oklahoma City from 1988 to 1994 where he engaged in business practice, products liability defense, trademark law, real estate law, insurance defense, and commercial litigation in state and federal courts. Mikkanen is a former judge of the Court of Indian Offenses for the Anadarko Area Tribes (1988–1994), a federally administered tribal court which is part of the U.S. Department of Interior, and formerly served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the", "id": "6284643" }, { "contents": "Howard C. Nielson Jr.\n\n\nLaw Review\". Earlier in his career, he served as a law clerk to Judge J. Michael Luttig of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and then to Justice Anthony Kennedy of the Supreme Court of the United States. From 2001 to 2005, Nielson served in the United States Department of Justice, first as counsel to the Attorney General and later as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Office of Legal Counsel. He has taught courses in constitutional litigation, national security law, foreign relations law, and federal", "id": "3441838" }, { "contents": "Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States\n\n\nto the Supreme Court\". Combined with the reduction in responsibilities carried out by modern justices as compared to the early justices, this results in much longer potential terms of service. This has led to proposals such as imposing a mandatory retirement age for Supreme Court justices and predetermined term limits. Although the Constitution imposes no educational background requirements for federal judges, the work of the Court involves complex questions of law—ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law—and consequently, a legal education has become a \"de", "id": "18995254" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nEdvard William Alstergen (born 12 April 1962) commonly known as Will Alstergren, is an Australian jurist who has held the positions of Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia since 10 December 2018, and Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia since 13 October 2017. Alstergren completed a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1989, and later a Master of Laws. He commenced practising as a barrister in Melbourne in 1991, specialising in commercial law, tax law, industrial law", "id": "18114456" }, { "contents": "Frank Iacobucci\n\n\n). Iacobucci practiced corporate law in New York City and then served as a professor at the University of Toronto's Faculty of Law from 1967 until 1982 as well as Dean of the law faculty from 1979 until 1982. He also served as Vice-President and Provost of the university from 1983 to 1985. He entered the public service as Deputy Minister of Justice in the federal government from 1985 to 1988 when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court. In 1991, Justice Iacobucci was appointed as Justice of the Supreme", "id": "425304" }, { "contents": "Mark Leeming\n\n\nMark Leeming is a judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, the highest court in the State of New South Wales, Australia, which forms part of the Australian court hierarchy. He is one of the current editors of \"\". Leeming went to Sydney Grammar School, and then graduated with First Class Honours in law from the University of Sydney in 1992. He then served as associate to Justice Gummow, then a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He subsequently served as associate", "id": "8232248" }, { "contents": "Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation\n\n\nCommission, and Federal and Third Circuit Court of Appeals Judge and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania and later at Harvard; Fred R. Harris, Member of the Kerner Riot Commission and United States Senator; Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Chairman of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice and Attorney General of the United States; David Ginsburg, Executive Director of the Kerner Riot Commission and Counselor to the President during the Johnson Administration; Milton S. Eisenhower, Chairman of the National Violence Commission and President Emeritus of Johns", "id": "13610707" }, { "contents": "Stephen Breyer\n\n\nStephen Gerald Breyer (; born August 15, 1938) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. A lawyer by occupation, he became a professor and jurist before President Bill Clinton appointed him to the Supreme Court in 1994; Breyer is generally associated with its more liberal side. After a clerkship with Supreme Court Associate Justice Arthur Goldberg in 1964, Breyer became well known as a law professor and lecturer at Harvard Law School, starting in 1967. There he specialized in administrative law, writing a number of", "id": "6267490" }, { "contents": "Peter Gray (Australian judge)\n\n\nPeter Ross Awdry Gray joined the Bar in Gray's Inn, London, in 1972 he joined the Victorian Bar and then became a judge of the Federal Court of Australia serving from 17 May 1984 until 17 May 2013. Peter was the youngest person ever appointed to the Federal Court of Australia and at 29 years its longest ever serving member. During his time at the court Peter delivered over 1,700 decisions. Justice Gray's main focus has been on labour law. and the law and its impact on Aboriginal Australians. After retirement", "id": "13087929" }, { "contents": "Common law\n\n\nfor federal jurisdiction by the Canadian constitution, such as immigration, intellectual property, judicial review of federal government decisions, and admiralty. The Federal Court of Appeal is the appellate level court in federal jurisdiction and hears cases in multiple cities, and unlike the United States, the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal is not divided into appellate circuits. Criminal law is uniform throughout Canada. It is based on the constitution and federal statutory Criminal Code, as interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada. The administration of justice and enforcement of the", "id": "5058991" }, { "contents": "Bachelor of Laws\n\n\nWilliam Rehnquist, current Supreme Court Justices Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Stephen Breyer, former FBI director J. Edgar Hoover, American judge and jurist Richard Allen Posner, as well as the first female commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission, Frieda B. Hennock. In 2014, the University of Arizona established the Bachelor of Arts in Law (BA in Law), in which undergraduate students take core law classes taught by law school faculty in subjects such as property, contracts, torts, administrative law, and criminal and civil procedure. The BA", "id": "7325493" }, { "contents": "List of law schools attended by United States Supreme Court Justices\n\n\nThe Constitution of the United States does not require that any federal judges have any particular educational or career background, but the work of the Court involves complex questions of law – ranging from constitutional law to administrative law to admiralty law – and consequentially, a legal education has become a \"de facto\" prerequisite to appointment on the Supreme Court. Every person who has been nominated to the Court has been an attorney. Before the advent of modern law schools in the United States, justices, like most attorneys of the time,", "id": "12557229" }, { "contents": "Royal Commission into Trade Union Governance and Corruption\n\n\ntheir safety. Justice Dyson Heydon served as a judge of the NSW Court of Appeal from 2000, and was appointed as a judge of the High Court of Australia in February 2003. He was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2004. Justice Heydon is a former Rhodes Scholar, and holds a Master of Arts and Bachelor of Civil Law from Oxford University. He was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1973 and appointed Queen's Counsel in 1987. Aged 34, he was elected", "id": "5849327" }, { "contents": "Kalpana Rawal\n\n\nat 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Rawal holds a Bachelor of Arts degree, and Bachelors and Master of Laws in constitutional and administrative law. She received her LLB and LLM degrees in India, where she practised for three years under the tutelage of P. N. Bhagwati who later became the 17th Chief Justice of India. In 1973, at the age of 27, Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal moved to Kenya from India to join her husband, businessman Hasmukhrai Rawal", "id": "8536161" }, { "contents": "David Yates (judge)\n\n\nDavid Markey Yates is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since November 2009. Prior to his appointment, Yates practised as a Senior Counsel in Sydney. Yates graduated from the University of Sydney with Bachelor's degree in Law. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1977 and as a barrister in 1982, becoming Senior Counsel in 1997. While at the bar, Yates worked actively in intellectual property, being a member of the Intellectual Property Committee of the Law Council of Australia, heading", "id": "14622405" }, { "contents": "John F. Duffy\n\n\n. Between these two assignments, he served as an attorney at the Office of Legal Counsel in the United States Department of Justice. In addition to clerking for Justice Scalia, John Duffy has been very influential in regard to constitutional law and the appointment of federal judges. Duffy served as co-counsel for petitioner KSR in the U.S. Supreme Court case on the law of patent obviousness, \"KSR v. Teleflex\". Duffy received a B.A. in physics from Harvard University and was awarded a J.D. by the University of Chicago Law School", "id": "6268041" }, { "contents": "S. B. Sinha\n\n\nSatya Brata Sinha (8 August 1944 – 19 March 2019), known as S. B. Sinha was an eminent jurist and a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Justice S. B. Sinha was born on 8 August 1944 at Dhanbad in the state of Jharkhand, India. He Passed his matriculation examination from H.E. School, Dhanbad and received his Bachelor of Laws (B.L) Degree from Chota Nagpur Law College in 1967. Justice Joined the Dhanbad District Court in 1968 after which he shifted his practice to Ranchi upon constitution of", "id": "18350320" }, { "contents": "Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud\n\n\nIndia and the Bombay High Court. He was Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court from 31 October 2013 until appointment to the Supreme Court of India. He was appointed Judge of the Supreme Court of India on 13 May 2016. He continues to be a visiting Professor of Comparative Constitutional law at the University of Mumbai and Oklahoma University School of Law, USA. He has delivered lectures at the Australian National University, Deakin University, Melbourne Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale Law School, William S. Richardson School of Law", "id": "15110916" }, { "contents": "Marc Nadon\n\n\nMarc Nadon LL.L. (born September 7, 1949) is a supernumerary (semi-retired) judge on the Canadian Federal Court of Appeal. He has practised law in both Quebec and the United Kingdom, focusing on maritime and transportation law. He was also an arbitrator and former lecturer in law at the Université de Sherbrooke. Nadon was nominated by Prime Minister Stephen Harper to be a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada in October 2013. Following controversy about the appointment, the federal government referred the constitutionality of the appointment", "id": "4263717" }, { "contents": "Shane Marshall\n\n\nShane Raymond Marshall is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Justice Marshall studied Economics and Law at Monash University. After graduating, he practised as a solicitor for a few years before being admitted to the Victorian Bar in 1981. Justice Marshall was appointed as a judge of the Federal Court of Australia on 17 July 1995, and concurrently as a judge of the Industrial Relations Court of Australia (later merged into the Federal Court). He retired on 21 November 2015. Between 2004 and 2013, he was also", "id": "5338748" }, { "contents": "K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan\n\n\nJustice K. S. Radhakrishna Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court. Radhakrishnan obtained master's degree in Law in Administrative Law from the Cochin University of Science and Technology. He has also passed Post Graduate Diploma in Constitutional Law from ICPS, New Delhi. He was enrolled as Advocate on 8 December 1973 and practised in the High Court of Kerala and Subordinate", "id": "18525530" }, { "contents": "Politics of Mali\n\n\n's legal system is based on codes inherited at independence from France. New laws have been enacted to make the system conform to Malian life, but French colonial laws not abrogated still have the force of law. The constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. The Ministry of Justice appoints judges and supervises both law enforcement and judicial functions. The Supreme Court has both judicial and administrative powers. Under the constitution, there is a separate constitutional court and a high court of justice with the power to try senior government officials in", "id": "19488519" }, { "contents": "Jacqueline Gleeson\n\n\nBar in 2007. She gained senior counsel status in 2012. Her practice specialised in administrative law, competition and consumer law, professional liability and taxation law. Gleeson represented the New South Wales government at the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, and represented QBE Insurance in the Canberra bushfires litigation in 2013, then the Australian Capital Territory's largest ever civil case. Gleeson was appointed to the Federal Court by Attorney-General George Brandis on 15 April 2014, replacing retired Justice Dennis Cowdroy. Gleeson has sat on", "id": "7755384" }, { "contents": "Peter Heerey\n\n\nPeter Cadden Heerey AM, QC (born 16 February 1939) is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He was a judge of the Court from 1990 to 2009. Heerey attended St Virgil's College and the University of Tasmania, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (first class honours) degree. He practiced as a solicitor in Hobart, before moving to Melbourne to become a barrister in 1967, and was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1985. Heerey was appointed to the Federal Court", "id": "19846330" }, { "contents": "Margaret Stone (judge)\n\n\npartner at Freehills in 1993, where she worked in the areas of commercial property, infrastructure development, commercial financing, and taxation. Stone was appointed a judge of the Federal Court of Australia in October 2000. Whilst a federal court judge, she was also appointed as an Additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Stone retired from both judicial positions in March 2012. Since retiring from the Federal Court Stone was a Judge in Residence at the Melbourne Law School in 2012. In 2013 she was appointed a", "id": "12786668" }, { "contents": "Law of Australia\n\n\nby judges, courts, and tribunals. However, after over a century of federation, there is a substantial divergence between English and Australian common law. The High Court of Australia has a general appellate jurisdiction from the State Supreme Courts per s 73(ii) of the \"Australian Constitution\". The High Court's appellate jurisdiction ensures a uniform Australian common law. The High Court also has original jurisdiction for matters in s 75 of the \"Australian Constitution.\" Until 1963, the High Court regarded decisions of the House of Lords", "id": "14259650" }, { "contents": "Federal Shariat Court\n\n\nThe Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan, abbreviated as FSC, is a prestigious court which has the power to examine and determine whether the laws of the country comply with Islamic Shari'a law. This court was set up in 1980 and is located in the federal capital, Islamabad. It consists of 8 Muslim judges appointed by the President of Pakistan after consulting the Chief Justice of this Court, from amongst the serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court or from amongst persons possessing the qualifications of judges of a High", "id": "972618" }, { "contents": "Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland\n\n\nconstituted under Swiss law, such as the Court of Arbitration for Sport, can be appealed to the Federal Supreme Court, although judicial review is limited to a very narrow set of questions of law in such cases. The supervisory bodies are the Court Assembly, the Administrative Commission and the Conference of Presidents. The Court Assembly consists of all ordinary justices and is mainly responsible for the Court’s internal organisation. It designates the divisions, appoints their presidents and issues the procedural rules for the Court. The Administrative Commission is responsible for", "id": "4520890" }, { "contents": "David Jeremiah Barron\n\n\nReview. He worked as a law clerk for Judge Stephen R. Reinhardt of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit from 1994 to 1995 and for Justice John Paul Stevens of the United States Supreme Court from 1995 to 1996. He worked as an attorney-advisor in the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1996 to 1999. Barron joined the Harvard Law School faculty as an assistant professor in 1999 and became a professor in 2004. He left the faculty upon his confirmation to the Court of Appeals in 2014", "id": "2631162" }, { "contents": "Richard M. Mosk\n\n\n's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy) and a clerk to California Supreme Court Justice Mathew Tobriner. Mosk was a litigation partner in a large Los Angeles law firm. He was a Special Deputy Federal Public Defender, 1975-76. Mosk was the United States appointed judge on the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal when it was formed and served from 1981-1984. He was a substitute judge on that Tribunal from 1984 to 1997. In 1997, he was reappointed to that Tribunal and served until 2001", "id": "7968051" }, { "contents": "Christopher Landau\n\n\nU.S. Supreme Court, including two on behalf of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and has briefed and argued appeals in all of the U.S. Courts of Appeals. From 1994–1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center. In 2017, the Chief Justice of the United States appointed him to the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. He is a Trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and Chair of the Society's Programs Committee. On March 26, 2019,", "id": "14533131" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nJames Leslie Bain Allsop (born April 1953) is Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia, in office since 1 March 2013. He was previously President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal, where he presided from 2 June 2008 to 28 February 2013. Allsop attended Sydney Grammar School and completed year 12 in 1970. Allsop then graduated from the University of Sydney with a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 and a Bachelor of Laws in 1980. He won the University Medal in law. Allsop was admitted to the New", "id": "16089288" }, { "contents": "Matthew Myers (judge)\n\n\nMatthew Myers (born 10 November 1970) is a Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia and an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, University of New South Wales. In 2012 he became the first Aboriginal Australian to be appointed to a federal court in Australia. In February 2017 he was appointed as an Australian Law Reform Commission Commissioner to lead the inquiry into Incarceration rates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Judge Myers is a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Judge Myers is well known for publicly speaking", "id": "18807656" }, { "contents": "William G. Young\n\n\nWilliam Glover Young (born 1940) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. Born in Huntington, New York, Young received an Artium Baccalaureus degree from Harvard University in 1962. He received a Bachelor of Laws from Harvard Law School in 1967. He was a Captain in the United States Army from 1962 to 1964. He was a law clerk for Chief Justice Raymond S. Wilkins of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court from 1967 to 1968. He was in private practice of law", "id": "16246640" }, { "contents": "Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law\n\n\ninternational legal developments as they relate to private entities. The \"Northwestern University Law Review\" was first published in 1906 when it was called the \"Illinois Law Review.\" Prior editors include: Roscoe Pound, long-time dean of Harvard Law School; Judge Robert A. Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit; US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens; Dean James A. Rahl; Illinois Governor Daniel Walker; and former chairman of the Federal Communications Commission Newton N. Minow; US Supreme Court Justice Arthur", "id": "4977952" }, { "contents": "Administrative Appeals Tribunal\n\n\nThe Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is an Australian tribunal that conducts independent merits review of administrative decisions made under Commonwealth laws of the Australian Government. The AAT review decisions made by Australian Government ministers, departments and agencies, and in limited circumstances, decisions made by state government and non-government bodies. They also review decisions made under Norfolk Island laws. It is not a court and not part of the Australian court hierarchy; however, its decisions are subject to review by the Federal Court of Australia and the Federal Circuit", "id": "903705" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\nCourt of New South Wales, and the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. In 2010, Kerr became a founding member of Michael Kirby Chambers in Hobart where he practised as a barrister specialising in public law, constitutional and administrative law, refugee and human rights law and appellate work. On 12 April 2012 he was appointed to the Federal Court of Australia, taking his seat on the bench on 10 May 2012. In 2015 with the consent of the Australian Government he was appointed by the Independent State of Papua New Guinea as", "id": "12894060" }, { "contents": "Duncan Kerr\n\n\n. In 2010, Michael Kirby described the decision as \"one of the most important in recent years for its affirmation of the centrality in [Australian] constitutional law of the rule of law.\" Kerr was appointed a Senior Counsel in 2004, and as Adjunct Professor of Law, Faculty of Law, Queensland University of Technology in 2007. Kerr has acted as counsel in the High Court of Australia, Federal Court of Australia, Family Court of Australia, Supreme Court of Tasmania, District Court of New South Wales, Supreme", "id": "12894059" }, { "contents": "David Angel (judge)\n\n\nDavid Norman Angel QC (born 5 July 1944) was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory, Australia. He was appointed to the court on 8 May 1989. Justice Angel retired on 20 January 2010. At the time of his retirement he was the Northern Territory's longest serving resident Judge. Justice Angel was educated at Prince Alfred College in South Australia and later attended the University of Adelaide. He was admitted to the South Australian Bar in 1967 and practised as a partner with the Adelaide law firm of", "id": "11921389" }, { "contents": "Mark Filip\n\n\nwith a Bachelor of Arts in Law, First Class Honors. He then attended Harvard Law School, where he received his Juris Doctor \"magna cum laude\" in 1992 and was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". After law school, Filip served as a law clerk to the Judge Stephen F. Williams of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1992 until 1993 and then for Justice Antonin Scalia of the Supreme Court from 1993 until 1994. Filip worked in private legal practice as an", "id": "19744855" }, { "contents": "Angelina Sandoval-Gutierrez\n\n\n-Gutierrez was appointed as a trial court judge in Manila. She was promoted as an Associate Justice of the Court of Appeals by President Corazon Aquino in 1991. She served in the appellate court until her appointment to the Supreme Court in 2000. In pursuit of post-graduate studies attended Harvard Law School Courses in 1989 and 1994, taking up Constitutional Law, Advanced Constitutional Law, Legal Medicine, Family Law and Federal Courts. She also studied, as a fellow, American and International Law at the Academy of the American", "id": "6587085" }, { "contents": "Percival Halse Rogers\n\n\nhis return to Sydney, Halse Rogers became a temporary clerk in the Crown Law Office and then Judge's associate to New South Wales Chief Justice Sir William Cullen. Halse Rogers was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1911 and married later that year. From 1919 he lectured part-time on legal interpretation at the University of Sydney and in 1926 was commissioned KC. In 1928 he was appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Australia sitting in the common law jurisdiction and presiding in the commercial cases. He served", "id": "8925168" }, { "contents": "Richard Hertling\n\n\nRichard Alan Hertling (born 1960) is a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. He earned his Bachelor of Arts, \"magna cum laude\", from Brown University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Chicago Law School. After graduating from law school, Hertling served as a law clerk to Judge Henry A. Politz of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. During the George W. Bush administration, Hertling worked at the United States Department of Justice from 2003 to 2007, where he served", "id": "21473037" }, { "contents": "Will Alstergren\n\n\nand family law, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 2012. In 2013 he was Chairman of the Victorian Bar Association, and in 2017 was the Chairman of the Australian Bar Association. On 13 October 2017, Alstergren was appointed as the Chief Judge of the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, replacing John Pascoe (who was appointed as Chief Justice of the Family Court of Australia). Alstergren given a concurrent commission as a Justice of the Family Court of Australia. When Pascoe reached the statutory retirement age from the Family Court a", "id": "18114457" }, { "contents": "Robert McClelland (Australian politician)\n\n\nwas Alfred McClelland, a state Labor MP from 1920 to 1932. McClelland was educated at Blakehurst High School before studying at the University of New South Wales, where he gained bachelor's degrees in arts and law, and the University of Sydney where he gained a master's degree in law. Prior to entering politics, McClelland was an Associate to Justice Phillip Evatt of the Federal Court of Australia 1981–82 before becoming a solicitor and ultimately partner with law firm Turner Freeman. Two years after his election to parliament, McClelland became a", "id": "14373438" }, { "contents": "Michael Slattery (admiral)\n\n\nRear Admiral Michael John Slattery, (born 1954) is a Royal Australian Naval Reserve officer and lawyer. He has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales since 2009 and the Judge Advocate General of the Australian Defence Force since July 2014. Slattery graduated from the University of Sydney with degrees in arts (1975) and law (1977). He became a barrister in 1978, Queen's Counsel in 1992 and justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in 2009. He joined the Royal Australian Navy", "id": "16931549" }, { "contents": "Armando Omar Bonilla\n\n\nArmando Omar Bonilla (born 1967) is an Associate Deputy Attorney General in the United States Department of Justice and is a former nominee for Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. Bonilla received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1989 from West Virginia University. He received a Juris Doctorate, \"magna cum laude\", in 1992 from Seton Hall University School of Law. He began his legal career as a law clerk for Judge Garrett E. Brown, Jr. of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey", "id": "1708269" }, { "contents": "James Allsop\n\n\nSouth Wales Bar in 1981, and was appointed Senior Counsel in 1994. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in Western Australia in 1998. From 2001 to 2008, Allsop was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia. He has also served as an additional Judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory (2003–08). Allsop was appointed the President of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 2 June 2008. On 20 November 2012, Commonwealth Attorney-General Nicola Roxon announced Allsop would be appointed Chief Justice of", "id": "16089289" }, { "contents": "Philip Elman\n\n\n. He went on to Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\" in 1938 and 1939. Elman began his legal career as a law clerk to Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, 1939–1940. After a brief stint at the Federal Communications Commission (1940–1941), he served as a law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter from 1941 to 1943. Among the opinions Elman was involved in drafting during his clerkship was Frankfurter's dissent in the", "id": "3938476" }, { "contents": "Stephen Southwood\n\n\nStephen Roger Southwood QC (7 September 1955 - ) is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He was appointed to the Court on 31 January 2005. Justice Southwood was raised in Temora and Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 2004 he became the first Northern Territory lawyer to be the president of the Law Council of Australia. Justice Southwood is a Judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory. He practiced as a barrister and was appointed Queen’s Counsel in 2000 prior to being appointed a Judge", "id": "988735" }, { "contents": "John A. McCarthy\n\n\ngraduated Bachelor of Arts in 1968 and Bachelor of Laws in 1971. In 1974, he was awarded a post-graduate scholarship to the University of Virginia and graduated Master of Laws in 1975. McCarthy was admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of NSW in 1972, as a barrister of the Supreme Court in 1976 and appointed Queens Counsel in 1988. McCarthy has appeared in the High Court of Australia, Privy Council, Federal Court of Australia, Supreme Court of New South Wales, Australian Industrial Relations Commission, NSW Industrial", "id": "18327239" }, { "contents": "Timothy Brown (judge)\n\n\nTimothy Brown (February 24, 1889 – December 31, 1977) was an American jurist from Wisconsin. Born in Madison, Wisconsin, Brown graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and received his law degree from Harvard Law School. During World War I, Brown served in the United States Navy. Brown practiced law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and served as executive counsel to the Governor of Wisconsin. In 1949, he joined the Wisconsin Supreme Court and in 1962 became chief justice of the court, retiring in 1964. Brown", "id": "1659868" }, { "contents": "Irene Moss\n\n\nIrene Kwong Moss (born 9 December 1948) is an Australian solicitor and former public servant. She graduated from Sydney University with a Bachelor of Arts (Government) and a Bachelor of Laws and from Harvard Law School with a Master of Laws, and became a solicitor at the Supreme Court of New South Wales and High Court of Australia. Moss was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of New South Wales. After some time working for the New South Wales anti-discrimination board, she was the Federal Race", "id": "4835177" }, { "contents": "David Corbett (lawyer)\n\n\nCorbett was appointed to the federal position of judge to the Ontario Superior Court. In 1985, Mr. Justice Corbett received a Bachelor of Laws from Osgoode Hall Law School. Then joined the Law Society of Upper Canada in 1987. Prior to being appointed Superior Court Justice he was a partner at Eberts Symes Street Corbett & Pinto where he specialized in the area of civil litigation. He had previously held positions with the Osgoode Hall Law School, the University of Toronto, and the University of Western Ontario. Mr Justice Corbett was also", "id": "447668" }, { "contents": "Stuart Morris\n\n\nStuart Morris QC is an Australian lawyer. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and as President of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) from 2003 until 2007. Former Chairman of the Victorian Government's Local Government Commission, 1986 under the Cain Government. Stuart Morris worked as a barrister, and was one of Australia's leading lawyers in planning law. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1991. He is credited with having driven major improvements at VCAT. However, the position of VCAT", "id": "11634037" }, { "contents": "G. S. Singhvi\n\n\nG.S. Singhvi (born 12 December 1948) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 11 December 2013. Justice Singhvi was born at Jodhpur, Rajasthan on 12 December 1948. He graduated in 1968 from Jodhpur University and earned Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree in 1971 from Rajasthan University with Gold Medal. Justice Singhvi practised in Rajasthan High Court, mainly in Constitutional Law. He became a judge of the Rajasthan High Court on 20 July 1990. was transferred to Punjab and Haryana High Court on", "id": "507351" }, { "contents": "Michael Black (judge)\n\n\nBlack was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court. In 1981,", "id": "8827175" }, { "contents": "Kimberly S. Budd\n\n\nKimberly S. Budd (born October 23, 1966) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts and former Justice of the Massachusetts Superior Court. Budd received a Bachelor’s degree in English from Georgetown University, graduating magna cum laude in 1988, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1991. She began her legal career as a law clerk to Chief Justice Joseph P. Warner of the Massachusetts Appeals Court in 1991. She was a litigation associate at Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo", "id": "7539792" }, { "contents": "Luís Roberto Barroso\n\n\nLuís Roberto Barroso (born 11 March 1958) is a Brazilian law professor, jurist and current Justice of the Supreme Federal Court of Brazil, having been nominated to the position by President Dilma Rousseff in 2013. Since 14 August 2018, Barroso has also served as vice president of the Superior Electoral Court. Born in the city of Vassouras, Barroso received a bachelor's degree in law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) in 1980, and an LL.M. from Yale Law School in 1989. He received a", "id": "12485801" }, { "contents": "Michael Barker (judge)\n\n\nMichael Laurence Barker is an Australian judge. He has been a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia since February 2009. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Western Australia and as President of the Western Australian State Administrative Tribunal. Barker studied at the University of Western Australia and was admitted to practice in 1973. He practiced in Perth for several years, before undertaking postgraduate study at York University in Canada. He returned to Australia in 1981, and was a member of the faculty of law at the Australian", "id": "10763532" }, { "contents": "Jim Chen\n\n\namong other languages. Chen received his undergraduate degree and Masters from the Emory University. Following his studies at the University of Iceland as a Fulbright Scholar, he earned his J.D., \"magna cum laude\", from Harvard Law School where he was executive editor of the \"Harvard Law Review\". He clerked for federal judge Michael Luttig on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and for Justice Clarence Thomas of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chen has worked as a professor around the world, teaching law at Heinrich Heine", "id": "6066145" }, { "contents": "Christine Adamson\n\n\nShe taught property law at the Australian National University in 1987 and Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney in 1989. Adamson was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in February 1989 at the relatively young age of 26. Her practice as a barrister included trade practices, administrative law, constitutional law, professional negligence, personal injury and disciplinary matters, and although initially appearing often in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal and Administrative Decisions Tribunal of New South Wales, she later developed a significant Supreme Court practice. She attained senior counsel status in", "id": "9929731" }, { "contents": "Jeffrey Miles\n\n\nthe Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory until his early retirement in 2002. Following his retirement, Miles continued his work in the law, being appointed both an acting judge in the Supreme Courts of both New South Wales and in the Australian Capital Territory – appointments he held until 2005. In 2005, he agreed to sit on the Law Council of Australia’s Human Rights Observer Panel. He also chaired the Torres Strait Fisheries Assessment Advisory Panel in 2006 and 2007. Justice Miles dealt with many interesting cases during his career.", "id": "8383685" }, { "contents": "Lee Rudofsky\n\n\nLee Philip Rudofsky (born 1979) is an American lawyer and former Solicitor General of Arkansas and is a nominee to be a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Rudofsky received a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Public Administration from Cornell University, and a Juris Doctor from Harvard Law School. After law school, Rudofsky served as a law clerk to Justice Robert J. Cordy of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court and to Judge Andrew Kleinfeld of the United States Court of Appeals for", "id": "18796695" }, { "contents": "Adam Cohen (journalist)\n\n\nAdam S. Cohen (born c. 1962) is an American journalist, author, lawyer, and former assistant editorial page editor of \"The New York Times\". He also works in the administration of New York City Mayor de Blasio. Cohen graduated from Bronx High School of Science. He obtained his degree from Harvard College and later received his law degree from Harvard Law School where he was the president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduating from Harvard Law School, Cohen clerked on the federal D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals and", "id": "2828342" }, { "contents": "Mark Martin (judge)\n\n\nJustice of the State Supreme Court. The appointment came as former Chief Justice Sarah Parker reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 72. Martin then won his bid for a full term as Chief Justice on November 4, 2014. Martin has served on the adjunct faculty at Duke University School of Law, University of North Carolina School of Law, and North Carolina Central University School of Law. On January 25, 2019, Martin announced that he would retire from the North Carolina Supreme Court in February 2019. Governor Roy Cooper", "id": "7515327" }, { "contents": "Anne Mactavish\n\n\nthe Canadian Human Rights Tribunal be appointed for a term of not more than seven years.) Mactavish was also President of the County of Carleton Law Association. As of January 2009, she remains President of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice. She was appointed Judge of the Federal Court and Member ex officio of the Federal Court of Appeal on November 19, 2003. She was appointed as a Judge of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada on March 23, 2004. Justice Mactavish has taken a role in hearing", "id": "807200" }, { "contents": "Susan Kiefel\n\n\nappointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland. The following year she was appointed by the Keating Government to the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island and was one of the first women to be appointed to the Federal Court of Australia on 17 October 1994, after Justice Deirdre O'Connor. In October 2001, Kiefel was appointed Deputy President of the Australian Federal Police Disciplinary Tribunal and became its President in April 2004. In 2003, Kiefel was appointed as a part-time commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and was re-appointed for", "id": "18610327" }, { "contents": "Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito\n\n\nCarlos Alberto Menezes Direito (September 8, 1942 – September 1, 2009) was a Brazilian judge who sat on the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court of law in Brazil, from his appointment in 2007 until his death in 2009. Direito received his law degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in 1965. He served as a judge on the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) until 2007. Carlos Alberto Menezes Direito was nominated to the Supreme Federal Court, the highest court in Brazil, by President", "id": "13302707" }, { "contents": "Richard Lazarus (law professor)\n\n\nRichard J. Lazarus is the Howard J. and Katherine W. Aibel Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, Lazarus was previously the Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. Professor of Law at the Georgetown University Law Center, where he focused his teaching and scholarship on environmental law, natural resources law, constitutional law, Supreme Court Advocacy, torts, property, and administrative law. He was Faculty Director of the Supreme Court Institute, which provides moot court sessions for counsel in more than 90 percent of Supreme Court cases. He is also", "id": "16266923" }, { "contents": "Deirdre O'Connor\n\n\nDeirdre Frances O'Connor (born 5 February 1941) is an Australian lawyer, academic, former Judge of the Federal Court, President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, and President of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. O'Connor went to school at Bethlehem College, Ashfield. Bachelor of Arts from University of Sydney 1961. School teacher from 1961 to 1969. Studied law at the University of Sydney, graduating with first class honours in 1974. O'Connor combined her education in teaching and law to be a lecturer in law at the University of NSW", "id": "7755172" }, { "contents": "Keith Mason (judge)\n\n\nwas admitted as a solicitor in 1970 and to the New South Wales Bar in 1972. He was appointed as a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1981. He became President of the Court of Appeal in 1997. Mason was Chairman of the New South Wales Law Reform Commission from 1985-1987 and 1989-1990. He was Solicitor-General of NSW from 1987-1997. Mason became President of the Children's Medical Research Foundation in 1995. Mason has also been a justice of the Supreme Court of Fiji.", "id": "20719951" }, { "contents": "Anthony Mason (judge)\n\n\ngreatly to the development of the Commonwealth's administrative law system. In 1969, Mason was made a judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, where he sat as a member of the Court of Appeal. He held this position until 1972, when he was appointed to the bench of the High Court of Australia and received a knighthood (KBE). After fifteen years on the High Court, and following the retirement of Sir Harry Gibbs, in 1987 Mason was appointed Chief Justice; he retired in 1995 on reaching", "id": "7910947" }, { "contents": "John Richard\n\n\nHonours Licentiate in Political & Social Sciences from Louvain University in 1960. He then practised law as a trial lawyer at two firms throughout his legal career, from 1960 until 1994, when he was appointed as a judge. He was created Queen's Counsel in 1976. In 1994, he was appointed as a judge on the Federal Court of Canada's Trial Division, followed by his appointment as Associate Chief Justice in 1998. The court's name was changed to the Federal Court of Appeal, and he was appointed Chief Justice", "id": "921902" }, { "contents": "Stanford Law School\n\n\nDurham. Other justices of supreme courts who graduated from Stanford Law include the late Chief Justice of the United States William Rehnquist, retired Chief Justice of California Ronald M. George, retired California Supreme Court Justice Carlos R. Moreno, and the late California Supreme Court Justice Frank K. Richardson. Stanford first offered a curriculum in legal studies in 1893, when the university hired its first two law professors: former U.S. president Benjamin Harrison and Nathan Abbott. Abbott headed the new program and assembled a small faculty over the next few years. The", "id": "10875591" }, { "contents": "Donnell Ryan\n\n\nof April 1965, where he worked in general practice as a Junior Counsel. He practised industrial, commercial, constitutional and administrative law. From 1965 to 1969 Ryan was a teaching fellow in law at Monash University, and from 1966 to 1971 was tutor at the College of Legal Education. In 1980 Ryan took his silk to become Queen Counsel in Victoria, and was admitted to New South Wales in 1982. He joined the Federal Court of Australia in 1986. He appeared in the NSW Supreme Court, Victoria Supreme Court,", "id": "13088026" }, { "contents": "Supreme Court of New South Wales\n\n\nAppeal, special leave must be granted by the High Court. Appeals from state supreme courts to the High Court are not limited to matters in which a federal question arises and the Constitution empowers the Federal Parliament to make laws vesting state courts with federal jurisdiction. The High Court of Australia can review decisions of the Supreme Court of New South Wales in relation to the common law and equitable jurisdictions of the court as well. The High Court of Australia has exercised this power on a number of occasions. The Supreme Court of New", "id": "14693952" }, { "contents": "Peter Jacobson (judge)\n\n\nPeter Michael Jacobson is a retired Judge of the Federal Court of Australia, having served from 17 June 2002 until 24 January 2015. He was in practice as a barrister before his appointment to the bench, practicing extensively in trade practices, commercial law, and equity. In May 1979 he was admitted to the NSW Bar Association. He attended and was in the athletics team of Sydney Boys High School from 1957–61, he then graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honors) from the University of Sydney.", "id": "13087922" }, { "contents": "Paul Redmond Michel\n\n\n1978, and in 1981 became counsel and administrative assistant to United States Senator Arlen Specter until his judicial appointment. He has also been adjunct faculty at the George Washington University Law School and John Marshall Law School since 1991. Michel was nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by President Ronald Reagan on December 19, 1987 to fill a seat vacated by Judge Phillip Benjamin Baldwin. The Senate confirmed Michel's nomination on February 29, 1988, and he received his commission on March 4, 1988, taking", "id": "9531936" }, { "contents": "Reginald Ian Barrett\n\n\nthe advisory board of Practical Law Australia and an assistant editor of the New South Wales Law Reports. Barrett was sworn in as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales on 19 March 2001. In 2012 he was commissioned as a Judge on the New South Wales Court of Appeal. Barrett retired from both positions with effect from 20 April 2015. On 10 June 2019 he was appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia for distinguished service to the law, and to the judiciary, particularly in", "id": "4201554" }, { "contents": "Robert Gotterson\n\n\nRobert William Gotterson AO (born 28 December 1949) is an Appeals Court justice at the Supreme Court of Queensland. He became Queen's Counsel in 1988 and previously served as president of the Bar Association of Queensland, the Australian Bar Association and the Law Council of Australia. Gotterson was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours \"for distinguished service to the judiciary and to the law, to legal education, administration and professional standards through a range of senior roles, and to", "id": "4684833" }, { "contents": "Michael McHugh\n\n\nthe Australian Bar Association 1983–84. He was appointed as a Judge of Appeal of the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 30 October 1984. He was appointed as a judge of the High Court in February 1989, a position he held until his retirement in October 2005 in accordance with Section 72 of the Australian Constitution, which states that Justices of the High Court must retire from office upon turning 70. He was succeeded by Justice Susan Crennan, then of the Federal Court of Australia. After he retired from the High Court", "id": "20833330" }, { "contents": "Richard C. Bosson\n\n\nRichard C. Bosson is a former justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court. He was appointed in 2002 and served until October 30, 2015 when he retired. He had served as a judge on the New Mexico Court of Appeals between 1994 and 2002. Bosson graduated in 1966 from Wesleyan University and received his J.D. in 1969 from Georgetown University Law Center. In 1998 Justice Bosson received a master's degree in Judicial Process from the University of Virginia School of Law. He is a founding member of the Mexican American Legal Defense and", "id": "22010191" }, { "contents": "Eric D. Miller\n\n\nlaw school, Miller served as a law clerk to Judge Laurence Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit and later to Associate Justice Clarence Thomas of the Supreme Court of the United States. Early in his career, Miller served in the Department of Justice as an Attorney-Advisor in the Office of Legal Counsel (2003–2004) and as a member of the Appellate Staff in the Civil Division (2001–2003, 2004–2006). Miller also served as Deputy General Counsel of the Federal Communications Commission (2006–2007", "id": "21239713" }, { "contents": "Rae Else-Mitchell\n\n\nlaw, commercial law and equity. He was counsel for the Commonwealth and New South Wales governments in a number of Privy Council appeals from 1950 to 1956. He was editor of the Australian Law Journal from 1946 to 1958 and a lecturer in Constitutional Law at the University of Sydney from 1951 to 1958. He was made a Queen's Counsel in 1955. Else-Mitchell was appointed a Judge of the New South Wales Supreme Court on 8 September 1958. He served in the Land and Valuation Court from 1962, initially as", "id": "8403618" }, { "contents": "Two-price advertising\n\n\nsatisfied the \"was\" prices shown were not prices that had been offered prior to the sale. One thing showed by the case was that a disclaimer in a catalogue may not be a defence. Allans had fine print saying the savings were off recommended retail prices (RRPs) but that was only suppliers' recommendations. Allans chose not to rely on it as a defence or as mitigation on legal advice. Justice Tamberlin described that fine print as \"obscure and totally inadequate\". In fact, the disclaimer worked against the", "id": "6201806" }, { "contents": "Joan Larsen\n\n\nUniversity Law Review\". Larsen became a professor at the University of Michigan School of Law in 1998. She clerked for David B. Sentelle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court during the 1994 term. She served as Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legal Counsel from January 2002 to May 2003 in the administration of President George W. Bush. Larsen did not contribute to the OLC's Torture Memos, and in March 2002 she authored", "id": "22095159" }, { "contents": "Norfolk Island\n\n\nmatters. The Chief Magistrate of Norfolk Island is usually the current Chief Magistrate of the Australian Capital Territory. Three local Justices of the Peace have the powers of a Magistrate to deal with minor matters. The Supreme Court of Norfolk Island deals with more serious criminal offences, more complex civil matters, administration of deceased estates and federal laws as they apply to the Territory. The Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island are generally appointed from among Justices of the Federal Court of Australia and may sit on the Australian mainland or convene", "id": "1710363" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nresidential services, community support services, carer support services, and empowerment and health services. The Community Chest of Hong Kong collaborates with its member agencies such as Helping Hand and Caritas Hong Kong, to provide services for the elderly in Hong Kong. For child welfare services, there are day care services, developmental and supportive services, residential child care services and child protection services. For family welfare services, there are 5 components: family support services, services for families with special needs, services for family reunion and new arrivals", "id": "18944527" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nthroughout Hong Kong serving around 3,000 children and their families on a daily basis. HKSPC operates five-day crèches (for infants to 2-year-olds) and 17 nursery schools (for children aged 2 to 6 years old) to take care of more than 2,500 children throughout the SAR. Many of these children come from less privileged and/or families with acute social problems. The Children & Family Services Centre (MTC) offers services to the community to enhance and strengthen families with children from 0 to 16 years old, recipients include", "id": "19278845" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nhealth respectively. Family and Counseling Services It is started in 1971. Its target service group is family members who has encountered various difficulties, such as communication problems in marriage, impatience in parenting and poor adaptation in family life, etc. It helps the family members with various activities and resources, such as providing counseling and book lending services. In Family and Counseling Services, there are mainly 3 services units, namely Youth Services It is started in August 2001. Its target service group is adolescents in society. It not only", "id": "20600755" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nbusinesses, including Sector development and partnership, Service Development, Policy research and advocacy, International and regional networking, Information Technology Service Centre and HKCSS-HSBC Social Enterprise Business Centre. It is responsible for development of Children & Youth service. It is responsible for the development of services, including family, community development, new arrivals, ethnic minorities and substance abuse. It now has 165 registered member agencies. A paper on the existing family and community situation and services is available for download. The Hong Kong Joint Council for People", "id": "5069823" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\nand social service models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. Prior to 1841, the territory we know today as Hong Kong was an extension of Imperial China for many centuries. The changes would come with the", "id": "4168857" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nSt. James' Settlement (SJS; Chinese: 聖雅各福群會) is a non-governmental charitable organisation in Hong Kong with more than 60 years of history. It provides continuing care, family and counselling, rehabilitation, youth and community centre services. It aims at helping the needy to cope with social challenges. It has a wide range of beneficiaries, from children, teenagers, the elderly to the minority groups such as the mentally disabled and the East Asian Expatriate. St. James' Settlement was founded by the Rt. Rev. Bishop", "id": "20600737" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\ntheir families members. In addition, it is to promote the anti-gambling to the public, particularly the youth, to prevent them from addicting to gamble and to develop a healthy life by offering different activities. Community program and outreach services are conducted to care for the needy. The program is started in 2002 to provide in-school counseling service in primary schools. Students from 38 schools in Hong Kong have received counseling service from the School Social Work Unit and in 11 Youth S.P.O.T in 2006-2007. It is", "id": "20223998" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nofficially established as a society registered under the Societies Ordinance (Cap 151). In the first decade, the organization mainly collaborated with other youth organizations in delivering youth services. The Federation was incorporated in 1970 under the Provisions of the Companies Ordinance. In 1970, the Youth Counselling Centre was established, targeting young people with emotional and adjustment problems. Three service units, School Social Work, Outreaching Social Work, and Family Life Education, also came into full service in the late 1970s. The Federation's Constitution was revised in", "id": "20223983" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui\n\n\nservice models in Hong Kong were those initiated and promoted by the Church. Services provided by the Church are multi-faceted, including services for family and child-care, children and youth, the elderly, rehabilitation service, community development service and other supportive services. There are more than 230 units providing social service run by Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui at present. In January 2010, the Inland Revenue Department began to pursue the SKH for unpaid taxes in the amount of HK$180 million, relating to a parcel of land in", "id": "954826" }, { "contents": "Métis Child and Family Services Society\n\n\nMétis Child and Family Services Society exists to strengthen and support the health and well-being of Métis families and communities. as a non-profit organizations that exist in areas of high Métis populations. Agency Objectives: improve the quality and effectiveness of social services to Aboriginal Children and families in need by developing programs that strengthen Aboriginal families, and develop community awareness and responsibility of Aboriginal children and families. Some of the programs that are offered are Foster Care, Aboriginal Child & Family Support, Family Violence and Kinship Care. The", "id": "15140243" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nfor various programmes on the ground floor. From 1st floor to 6th floor, it was occupied by Hong Kong Youth Women's Club Association. Its branch Tsing Yi Integrated Social Service Centre provides integrated services for youth, family, senior citizen, children and workers. Government also has an office on the 1st floor. After budget cuts on social welfare by Hong Kong Government, many local offices of voluntary organisations in the area were withdrawn or incorporated into the centre. Cheung Fat Estate (Chinese: 長發邨) comprises 4 tower blocks", "id": "15145543" }, { "contents": "The Children's Society\n\n\nsignificant social changes of these years, The Children's Society moved away from centralised care, fostering and adoption work and focused more on preventative work designed to support children and young people within their own families and communities. During the 1970s and 1980s The Children's Society introduced family centres throughout the country offering services such as advice centres, play groups, youth clubs and short term accommodation for young, single During the 1990s The Children's Society began focusing on social justice, lobbying to change legislation and welfare provision, and encouraging young", "id": "2399606" }, { "contents": "The Hong Kong Council of Social Service\n\n\nand \"\"Social Service\". Member service and Professional Aid is divided into five different sectors of work: Sector Development & Partnership, Service Development, Quality Management & Efficiency Enhancement, Policy Research & Advocacy and International & Regional Networking. And Social Service is divided into four categories: Children & Youth, Elderly, Family and Communities and Rehabilitation. It is a part describing the core businesses of HKCSS in details. Some of them are already mentioned in 'Scope of Work'. There are totally six different types of core", "id": "5069822" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nHong Kong Society for the Protection of Children (HKSPC) is a registered charity partially subvented by the government. With no support from the Community Chest, it relies on direct donations and fundraising among the community. All donations are tax exempt. In 27 centres across Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, HKSPC cares for children from newborn to 16-year-olds providing a stimulating environment in which to educate them and nurture their growth and development, and to educate parents on age appropriate parenting. HKSPC operates 27 service units", "id": "19278844" }, { "contents": "Social Welfare Department\n\n\nThe Social Welfare Department () is a department of the Hong Kong Government responsible for providing welfare services to the community. The department provides services to families and children, the elderly, recovering criminal offenders, drug abusers, street sleepers, persons with disabilities, the mentally ill, and the community at large. It administers social security schemes, including the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, which forms a large portion of its annual expenses. The department operates community and social centres, and also once operated libraries. The Social Welfare Office", "id": "14587677" }, { "contents": "Christianity in Hong Kong\n\n\ntried to provide services in more areas such as orphanages, noodle units, bakeries, milk conversion units, women rehabilitation institutes and vocational & trade training courses. In the 1970s, the Catholic Diocesan started to focus on specific areas and terminated some of the factory units. In 2018, the Catholics were still providing services in medical aspect, nurseries & child care centers, elderly & youth services and Caritas social family services center. In the Catholic community, Caritas is the official social welfare arm of the Church in Hong Kong.", "id": "4168855" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nAged and Infirm Colored Persons in 1943. The Family and Children's Society emerged in 1943 as a multi-service agency. The Society's service to families was expanded to include medical, foster care, housekeeping, marriage counseling, adoptions, home finding, group counseling, and community mental health. In 1985, the Family and Children's Society merged with the Maryland Children's and Family Services and is now known as the Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland. In 1998, the Family Life Center, in Howard", "id": "9654229" }, { "contents": "Family resource program\n\n\nlinked to school success: these are created to help parents to be involved in their children's education. 3. Programs that seek to enhance parenting skills and family functioning: these include drop-in centres, seminars, workshops and counselling. 4. Family support as component of other services: family support approach used to provide other family services such as childcare, support for special needs children, promotion of family literacy and abuse prevention. Family resource programs can differ in reach as well. Some provide services only to a specific", "id": "18471286" }, { "contents": "Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children\n\n\nchild and family counseling, and support for foster and adoptive families. It monitors public policy issues at the state legislative and executive levels, and promotes the needs of children and adolescents in the areas of child abuse, foster care, poverty and welfare, and mental, physical and dental health, as well as the needs of teens who have \"aged out\" of foster care. In 2006, MSPCC helped develop the Connecting With Care program which is a school-based collaborative that provides mental health services for children and families", "id": "2011146" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Jockey Club\n\n\nEmergency & Poverty Relief; Environmental Protection; Family Services; Medical & Health; Rehabilitation Services; Sports & Recreation; and Youth Development. As the Club celebrates its 130th Anniversary in 2015, it focuses its efforts to contributing to the community's long-term sustainable needs covering three overarching themes: 1)Helping build Hong Kong into an age-friendly city; 2) Channelling youth energy into social innovation and 3) Supporting sports projects that can create lifelong positive values and hopes. The Hong Kong Jockey Club supports many social and education", "id": "15928966" }, { "contents": "Family centre\n\n\nFamily centres are community resources that provide services to parents, children, and spouses. Family centres exist to provide need-based aid to families affected by a range of events, including death, physical and mental illness, divorce, unemployment, and child abuse and child neglect. They have been created by different local government departments, or by different agencies, in order to fulfill three basic functions. The Social Services initiative focuses on creating better relationships within the family, providing preventative services to children \"in need\" or \"", "id": "8295981" }, { "contents": "Tsui Ming-sum\n\n\nand Health Services of Hong Kong Christian Service. Ming-sum has set up the first community-based family service centre, the first counselling centre for psychotropic substance abusers and the first employee assistance program in Hong Kong. He also supervised the Hong Kong Eye Bank Clinic and coordinated the program development, fund raising, service evaluation, and staff development of Hong Kong Christian Service in 1980s. Ming-sum received his MSW from McGill University as a top student and earned his PhD from the University of Toronto on three scholarships.", "id": "18325754" }, { "contents": "Emergency Support Services\n\n\nto 2 families in a community. ESS provides temporary relief to individuals and families so they can begin to plan their next steps to recover after a disaster. ESS provides primary services such as: food;lodging;clothing; and family reunification. It may also provide specialized services such as: emotional support services; first aid; child minding; pet care; and transportation services ESS teams assist people affected by disaster, usually at Reception Centres. Reception Centres may be located at the local community centre, recreation centre, church, or school.", "id": "147599" }, { "contents": "The Banyan\n\n\nemergency care and recovery services, so that they will be replicated in these new centres. The Banyan works with police and local organisations to help their clients reconnect with their families after they have gotten better. They conduct home visits and educate family members on illness management prior to reintegrating the client. The aftercare programme ensures continuity of care after an individual has returned home. It functions through a coalition of civil society organisations, Government agencies, and individual functionaries \"(community health workers/peer advocates and activists)\" with capabilities", "id": "9503903" }, { "contents": "Cauayan, Negros Occidental\n\n\nfunction of accelerating delivery of social services in the municipality. The target outreach for welfare services is generally classified as follows: family heads, children, out-of-school youths, disabled, special groups, distressed families and rebel returnees. Social services are rendered to Family Heads and Other Needy Adults (FHONA), needy children, youth, disabled/elderly, women, and the distressed. Social programs include Self-Employment Assistance Program, day care and supplemental feeding, Emergency Assistance, Self-Employment Assistance, Relief", "id": "2130384" }, { "contents": "St. James' Settlement (Hong Kong)\n\n\nthis SJS has cooperated with The Society of Hospital Pharmacists in providing pharmaceutical care service to : Targeting elderly groups and individual in communities, chronic patients and their families, SJS coordinates activities provide better knowledge on usage of medications. These activities include: SJS is available to all welfare agencies in arranging above functions. Participants are also welcome to take part in events related to drug therapy. They are also required to prepare their medical documents so as to smoothen the process of pharmacist consultation. This project, being one of the corporate venture", "id": "20600748" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nillness in the northern part of Singapore. Agencies from social services, healthcare, and the community providing services through existing community support systems like senior activity centres, family service centres, wellness centres, general practitioners, and hospitals come together to form an integrated network. The services form a care continuum from education, prevention, early identification, intervention, and follow-up to home-based support. The implementation of the new mental health integrated network is expected to take five years and is delivered through teams known as Community Intervention", "id": "8911795" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Society for the Protection of Children\n\n\nlow-income families, single parent families, CSSA recipients, new arrivals and ethnic minority groups. In 2008, Children & Family Services Projects was launched at the headquarters in Mongkok, with the aims to provide supports to needy families including cross-border marriages, new immigrants and single parents, who live in deplorable conditions. The Children's Residential Home provides 24-hour care for children below 3 years old who are abandoned by their parents, referred to HKSPC by court order or from parents who cannot give them appropriate or adequate", "id": "19278846" }, { "contents": "Residential care homes in Hong Kong\n\n\nto provide residential care and facilities to those who are not able to live at home, due to person, social, health, or other reasons. The provision of residential care services began in the early 1960s. Religious organizations established retirement homes, providing limited residential care services philanthropically. Non-profit organizations also began to offer similar services in the end of the decade. Believing that taking care of the elderly is the responsibility of each family, the government initially only provided financial support to the elderly. In 1972, the", "id": "13342262" }, { "contents": "YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College\n\n\n-round social and educational services by means of continuing education, kindergarten education, physical and health education, employment related services, volunteer schemes, personal development and family services. Its hostel, food and beverage services, recreation programmes and international linkage offer strong support to the school. The YMCA of Hong Kong's stated mission is to fulfill its role as a leading Christian organisation dedicated to the furtherance of justice, peace, hope and truth in our local and international community by: - Providing opportunities for personal growth and understanding of", "id": "80879" }, { "contents": "Family and Children's Services of Central Maryland\n\n\nFamily and Children's Services of Central Maryland (FCS) is a private, nonsectarian social services agency that was founded in 1849. FCS addresses issues from birth through the end of life with a goal of helping each individual reach his or her highest potential. FCS is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. FCS offers counseling, case management, training, and recruitment of foster families and community volunteers for vulnerable populations, including: Some services are offered without charge; others are offered on a sliding-fee scaled based on", "id": "9654215" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nA full-service community school (FSCS) or a community school in the United States focuses on partnerships between a school and its community. It integrates academics, youth development, family support, health and social services, and community development. Community schools are organized around the goals to help students learn and succeed and to strengthen families and communities. Full-service community schools extend the goals of traditional public schools further. They are centers of their communities that provide services to address the needs of student learners and build bridges between", "id": "12924851" }, { "contents": "Foster care in Canada\n\n\nprovince or territory to manage services for First Nations, Inuit and Métis families. These groups work to find ways to reduce the amount of Indigenous children taken into the foster care system for racially biased and/or preventable reasons. They also attempt to act as third part mediators who are literate in the social welfare system, providing avenues for social workers and Indigenous families to be in healthy communication and trusting relationships. This is vital considering the history of the Sixties Scoop. Indigenous-based agencies deliver mandated child and family services and programs in", "id": "7895969" }, { "contents": "The Home for Little Wanderers\n\n\ninclude early intervention and prevention, foster care and adoption, clinical services, residential care, special education, and home-based family support. The mission of The Home for Little Wanderers is to ensure the healthy behavioral, emotional, social and educational development and physical well-being of children and families living in at-risk circumstances. They do so through a series of integrated programs that include early childhood services, special education, therapeutic residential treatment, adoption, intensive foster care, clinical and family support in homes, schools", "id": "2136933" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nCancerLink Support Centre, Tin Shui Wai CancerLink Support Centre, Wong Tai Sin Hong Kong Cancer Fund relies solely on public generosity to sustain their free cancer support services. They do not receive money from the government or the Community Chest. Provides immediate emotional support and professional guidance to people touched by cancer. Oncology nurses and social workers are on call to evaluate needs, answer questions and give appropriate advice and practical support. Registered social workers and clinical psychologists help people with cancer and their family members better understand their current condition, deal", "id": "4249108" }, { "contents": "Taiwan Fund for Children and Families\n\n\nfor encouraging them to continue schooling and prevent them from dropping out of schools due to financial difficulties. (3) Emergency Relief Fund Emergency Relief Fund is distributed when their assisted families encountering any financial difficulties. In total, the accumulated amount has reached NT$23,546,891. (4) Life Care TFCF provides social resources and volunteers to help low-income families to get through hard times. The services include financial/ in kind assistance, house care, household duties, day care and foster care. (5) Nutrition Program TFCF has provided", "id": "14201581" }, { "contents": "Berry Street\n\n\nBerry Street play a lead role in the delivery of a comprehensive set of services for families suffering from family violence; Berry Street provide support for families facing difficulties and provide contact services for parents who can’t manage safe access arrangements for their children. Home Based Care— Berry Street relies on volunteer accredited foster carers to help children and young people recover from the trauma of family violence, child abuse and neglect. Carers are supported by Berry Street staff, who work closely with the children and families. Residential Care—trained and", "id": "12210044" }, { "contents": "Family support\n\n\nand participatory decision making, individualized (and appropriate) services, among others. Between the 1970s and 1990s, family support was developed in the context of community integration, building on the quarter century work on physical and social integration of families and their children. It differs from other models of family support developed in the context of employment programs, housing programs, nutrition, transportation, health care, or city emergency programs. These included: the Family Support Services of West Hawaii (including community and economic development activities), Family", "id": "14456474" }, { "contents": "Nepalese non-government organisations in Hong Kong\n\n\nOverseas Nepalese Association (Hong Kong) commented on the consultation document of Race Discrimination Ordinance. Nepalese NGOs provide six types of community services basically. First is integration. Hong Kong Integrated Nepalese Society (HINS) conducts English classes regularly. The second is social care. HINS has been holding a blood donating program together with Hong Kong Red Cross Society on the occasion of Lord Buddha’s birthday since 2004. The third is about education. HINS organises programmes to arouse parents’ awareness against drug abuse to prevent the young Nepalese from taking", "id": "16035721" }, { "contents": "Pembroke, Ontario\n\n\nmany other doctors practice independently. There is also the Integrated Health Centre, with its focus on assisting the public to improve their health and to prevent pain and illness before problems occur. Mental health care in Pembroke is available throughout different locations. The Mental Health Services of Renfrew County is the mental health ward in the Pembroke Regional Hospital. For youth, there is the Phoenix Centre for Children and Families that is run by a volunteer board of directors and funded by the provincial government. The Phoenix Centre for Children and Families offers", "id": "6942944" }, { "contents": "Public housing estates on Tsing Yi Island\n\n\nTsing Yi Island. It was built in the late phase of the Cheung Ching Estate. The building is of 7 storeys, providing various community services for mainly south part of the new town of Tsing Yi Island. The Community Centre is operated by various NGOs. YWCA operates one integrated centre (for youth, family, female and school), one elderly centre, and a kindergarten. Lutheran provides service for the physical handicapped and the deaf. Yan Chai provides temporary after-school care for children. There is a hall", "id": "15145542" }, { "contents": "Group home\n\n\n440 organizations nationally in 1988, representing 9% of mental health organizations. Residential treatment centers were considered largely inappropriate for many of the children who needed better community support services. Restructuring of these systems was proposed to promote better prevention and family support for children in mental health systems similar to international initiatives in \"individualized family support program\". Residential treatment is one part of an array of community services which include therapeutic foster care, family support, case management, crisis-emergency services, outpatient and day services, and home-", "id": "19975482" }, { "contents": "Temasek Cares\n\n\nwhen needed to increase the capacity of the community in supporting the growing number of elderly with dementia. The programme aims to serve 200 elderly and their caregivers over three years in the north of Singapore as part of the Temasek Cares - iCommunity@North programme, and it may be extended to more needy families across the island. Temasek Cares – Kids Integrated Development Service (prenatal to 3 years old): A partnership between Temasek Cares, KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), and Ang Mo Kio Family Service Centre (", "id": "8911785" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\n, services for women/men as well as parent education. Eight groups of people are provided with aftercare and rehabilitation services from the Community Chest of Hong Kong. They are the visually impaired, the hearing impaired, the mentally handicapped, the physically handicapped, people who are chronically ill, drug-abusers, ex-offenders and people with other disabilities. In services provided to children and youth, provision of after school care services is one of the major parts. Also, youth counselling and recreational services are provided in youth", "id": "18944528" }, { "contents": "Adverse Childhood Experiences Study\n\n\nscreen for trauma can help a social service worker direct their clients to interventions that meet their specific needs. Trauma-informed practices can also help social service providers look at how trauma impacts the whole family. Trauma-informed approaches can improve child welfare services by 1) openly discussing trauma and 2) addressing parental trauma. The New Hampshire Division for Children Youth and Families (DCYF) is taking a trauma-informed approach to their foster care services by educating staff about childhood trauma, screening children entering foster care for trauma,", "id": "11097797" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Cancer Fund\n\n\nHong Kong Cancer Fund was established in 1987 with a mission to better the quality of cancer support in Hong Kong. It is the largest cancer support organisation in Hong Kong providing free information and professional services to anyone who has or is affected by cancer. Their five Cancer Fund support centres called CancerLink provide professional counselling, nursing consultation, dietetic service, home care service, wellness programmes, therapeutic and rehabilitation workshops, as well as age and need specific services such as You Can for young adults with cancer and Rainbow Club for children", "id": "4249103" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups\n\n\nresponsible to solve students' problems on personal, family and academic problems while to assist the schools in offering learning opportunities and teaching materials to students to widen their horizon. Paths to Adulthood is a 3-year program co-organized by the Federation, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Charity Trust, Social Welfare Department and Education Bureau. The program appoints 5 local universities to research on a sustainable all-rounded youth development program in order to provide an improved service to secondary schools' students. Besides, teachers, parents and social workers are", "id": "20223999" }, { "contents": "Batshaw Youth and Family Centres\n\n\nBatshaw Youth and Family Centres (also known as Batshaw, Batshaw Centres, or Batshaw Youth and Family Services), is a government funded organization in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that is devoted to the welfare of children and their families. Batshaw is supervised and entirely funded by the Department of Youth Protection. Batshaw was created in 1992 as a non-profit organization, used as a government agency to help children and their families. Batshaw youth and family services is an amalgamation of several other pre existing child welfare agencies; Youth", "id": "2064626" }, { "contents": "Society for the Promotion of Hospice Care\n\n\nsince then, has been providing bereavement counselling, organising support groups and running a resource centre for those who have lost their loved ones. The Centre offers free services to members of the public and its operation has been completely self-sustaining, with generous support from the public and charitable funding bodies. In 2009 Sister Kenny picked up the Hong Kong Humanity Award for her contribution to the hospice movement in Hong Kong. In 2012, following a grant of land by the HKSAR Government and funding by the Hong Kong Jockey Club Charities", "id": "14300350" }, { "contents": "Spurgeons\n\n\nas parenting support, youth and children's activities, community events and homework clubs. They also offer child contact services. Contact centres are meeting places where children from separated families can enjoy contact with one (or both) parents and/or other family members in a comfortable and safe environment. Visits are tailored around the needs of each child. It is estimated that 2,000 children in the UK use Child Contact Centres each week. Independent visitors services is another service Spurgeons provides through family support. Children and young people being looked after by", "id": "15827504" }, { "contents": "School social work in Hungary\n\n\n, organizing club sessions, summer camping and playrooms, and offering homework help – instead of doing case management for individuals. Furthermore, they worked with families and were entitled to offer them financial and in-kind assistance. A structure of services different from that of the traditional school social work evolved due to the lack of modern child protection services and institutions providing customized care for clients in Hungary. In particular, services were offered to families to prevent children from being removed from their birth parents, as there was no basic child", "id": "13686278" }, { "contents": "Watts Labor Community Action Committee\n\n\nmembers of Watts and surrounding South Los Angeles aimed at alleviating poverty and fostering economic growth. The WLCAC also funds a number of programs for youth and their families. Among these are The Greater Watts Child Care Center, which provides low-cost childcare; the Family Source Center, which provides social services such as job training and health services among many others; Gang Reduction and Youth Development, which provides preventative programs for younger members of the community; WorkSource center, which provides employment training, support placement and retention services for thousands", "id": "13813604" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\ncentres. While collaborating with organisations like The Hong Kong Award for Young People and The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups, developmental and supportive services are provided. Furthermore, training is provided for the youth with collaborations of Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps and Boys' Brigade, Hong Kong, etc. Play-related services are also provided. Medical treatment is provided and community health care is also given out in the form of programmes such as health maintenance program and cancer education. Other services like recreational therapy and ambulance services are also", "id": "18944529" }, { "contents": "Graham Windham\n\n\nfamilies or are placed into loving foster families. Their foster care program (established in 1949) provides Family Foster Care, Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care, adoption services, Foster Parent Support, Family Success Programming, and ongoing Parent Peer Support through their Forever Families Initiative. Graham Windham also helps families develop the skills and supports they need to help children thrive by providing general preventive case management services in the Bronx and Harlem, specialized preventive case management for families in Brooklyn with substance abuse and mental health conditions, and Brief Strategic Family Therapy", "id": "6404458" }, { "contents": "Child contact centre\n\n\ntrustees chaired by Hazel Hedley. The staff team are led by the Chief Executive, Elizabeth Coe. Families either apply direct to go to a child contact centre direct or are referred by family solicitors, family mediators, social workers or CAFCASS officers. Children's Contact Services (CCS) are funded under the Government of Australia's \"Family Relationship Services Program\" (FRSP). The services help with handover of children and also provide supervised contact. As of 1 February 2004 there were 35 FRSP-funded Children's Contact Services", "id": "12182148" }, { "contents": "Sovereign Art Foundation\n\n\ndifferent countries such as Hong Kong, Bahrain, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, Malta, Mauritius, Portugal and Singapore. The Sovereign Art Foundation has used the funds raised through the art prizes it runs to support various charities that help disadvantaged children using the arts as rehabilitation, education and therapy. Two specific examples are M'Lop Tapang and the Kalki Welfare Society. M'Lop Tapang works jointly with children and their families to access education, health care, counselling, income generation initiatives and other services needed to secure a better future.", "id": "2299018" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\ndirectly funds innovations to support future generations. Community Services - a range of initiatives that operate at a neighbourhood level including, counselling services, support for disabled and vulnerable adults and children, health trainers and community health champions, dementia advice, information and support, young carers projects, services for offenders and their families. Shared Lives Services - (formerly known as Adult Placement), which offers day care, short breaks, intermediate care and long term support in the homes of specially recruited carers. Extra Care Housing - providing discreet", "id": "737066" }, { "contents": "Storehouse (charity)\n\n\n, therapeutic gardening and volunteering within The Storehouse day centre. 2011 also saw the start of a new service called Family Storehouse. Delivered on Tuesdays, the new service was intended to help parents and young families who needed access to food, advice and essential services, but were considered unlikely to use the regular services because of concerns relating to the safeguarding of children. This service is now supported by Children's Centres and it incorporates a parent and toddler group. In 2013 The Storehouse operates with 6 staff, Project Manager John Williams", "id": "478418" }, { "contents": "Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund\n\n\nmillion was raised for the fund. Windows of Hope Family Relief Fund board members realized they would need help administering funds and structuring their organization. The fund enlisted the assistance of Community Service Society to provide services the fund itself could not. According to a Binghamton University analysis of 9/11 non-profits, the fund's use of the Community Service Society is one reason why Windows of Hope has been a successful example of a 9/11 charity. \"Their willingness to acknowledge what they did not know and to use Community Service Society allowed", "id": "15796523" }, { "contents": "Family centered care\n\n\nFamily-centered care or Family-centered service is an approach that provides an expanded view of how to work with children and families. Family-centered service is made up of a set of values, attitudes, and approaches to services for children with special needs and their families. In some family-centered settings such as the Hasbro Children's Partial Hospital Program, medical and psychiatric services are integrated to help teach parents and children methods to treat both types of symptoms. Family-centered service recognizes that each family is unique", "id": "18317341" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nDePelchin Children's Center, founded in 1892 in Houston, Texas, is a nonprofit provider of children's mental health, prevention and early intervention, and child welfare services. DePelchin helps more than 20,000 children and their families each year through a range of services including counseling, psychiatry, residential treatment, at-risk programs, and parent education in addition to foster care and adoption. As one of the largest centers of its kind in Houston, DePelchin coordinates over thirty different programs for children and their families at schools, community", "id": "17098038" }, { "contents": "Chapin Hall (institute)\n\n\nChapin Hall at the University of Chicago is a policy research institution at the University of Chicago that focuses on child welfare and family well-being. Chapin Hall is funded through social service systems, foundations, and non-profit organizations. The organization's focus areas include child welfare and foster care systems, youth homelessness, and community capacity to support children, youth, and families (including early childhood initiatives, home visitation and maltreatment prevention, juvenile justice, and school systems). Chapin Hall is an affiliated research center of", "id": "21239458" }, { "contents": "The Community Chest of Hong Kong\n\n\nThe Community Chest of Hong Kong () is an independent, nonprofit organization established on 8 November 1968 in Hong Kong. As one of the most important charities in Hong Kong, The Community Chest serves as an umbrella organization to provide grants to a wide range of community projects. 100% of funds raised are used to enhance local social welfare services without any deductions for administrative costs. The goal of The Community Chest is to work for the betterment of Hong Kong through the support by millions and to build a caring society through", "id": "18944524" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\ncommunities. They focus on stopping the spread of violence in the Camden City communities of: Center for Family Services offers additional programs such as: Active parenting and Baby Best Start program, Mental Health & Crisis Intervention, and Rehabilitative Care. They are located at 584 Benson St Camden NJ 801 Center for Family Services is a nonprofit organization helping adults, children, and families. Center for Family Services' main focus is \"prevention.\" Center for Family Services has over 50 programs, aimed at the most \"vulnerable\" members", "id": "14112003" }, { "contents": "Jewish Care\n\n\nJewish Care is a British charity, working mainly in London and South East England, providing health and social care support services for the Jewish community. The charity runs over 70 centres and services which include care homes, community centres, independent living and other services such as support groups, a family carers team and telephone helpline. The organisation touches the lives of more than 10,000 people every week operating with the belief that Jewish people should have access to specialist services that are designed to meet their needs. This is reflected in the", "id": "13110970" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nS.K.H. St. Christopher's Home () is a child-focused Christian social service organisation in Hong Kong founded by Bishop R.O. Hall in 1953. It is the largest non-governmental organisation in Hong Kong providing small group home service for children who cannot receive adequate family care. The mission of St. Christopher's Home is to create and sustain a healthy environment for children and youths to grow, to develop potentials and to live a life of fullness. Sheng Kung Hui St. Christopher's Home was founded in 1935 by the late", "id": "17154212" }, { "contents": "Volunteer Richmond Information Services\n\n\nInformation Services. Aside from the volunteer centre and information and referral service, VRIS runs several other community programs, including the Richmond Christmas Fund, Leadership Richmond, a child care resource and referral centre, and a variety of seniors programs. Each December, the Richmond Christmas Fund provides grocery vouchers and toys to upwards of 2,500 low income families. The program is supported largely by donations from individuals and local businesses, who together contribute $120,000 to the effort annually. Leadership Richmond, sponsored by Coast Capital Savings since the program began", "id": "13930477" }, { "contents": "Over the Rainbow (organization)\n\n\nOver The Rainbow (Traditional Chinese: ) is one of non-profit organizations in Hong Kong established by the chairman, Anthony Man Ho Fung and a small group registered social workers in 1998. They aimed at supporting families of lesbian and gay in Hong Kong which is aligned to the one of PFLAG. Over The Rainbow is the first organization of its kind in South East Asia. Their hotline service helps the family members to understand them and encourage the communication in order to resolve the conflicts. In the past few years,", "id": "14162815" }, { "contents": "Full-service community schools in the United States\n\n\nhealthier communities.\" Community schools transform traditional public schools into partnerships for excellence by being a place where partnerships between educators, families, community volunteers, youth development organizations, and business, health, and social agencies, can come together. The following definitions are attempts to clarify some terminology used in discussions around FSCSs. Linked services involve collaborative strategies, in which partners can share a vision, establish goals, and use resources to implement and deliver the services. School-linked services involve coordination with schools, families, and agencies", "id": "12924853" }, { "contents": "Child Welfare League of Canada\n\n\nmembers in all provinces and territories, including representation at the federal level. Member organizations include provincial/territorial ministries of child and family services, child and family service agencies, health and social services, youth services and federal government departments. CWLC members serve over a million families and children each year. Membership and the services of the CWLC are open and accessible to organizations and persons of all cultures, ethnic origins and social classes. CWLC provides services, publications and information in both official languages. The Child Welfare League of Canada", "id": "15403481" }, { "contents": "Action for Children\n\n\nof services. Action for Children works in partnership with statutory bodies to deliver services for children, young people and their families in five main areas: Action for Children is a major provider of family support services and works in partnership with local authorities across the UK. The aim is to facilitate early intervention and then offer long term help, so families can stay together if possible. This is provided through children's and family centres, parenting programmes and targeted intervention initiatives, often with the hardest to reach groups in the community.", "id": "13990337" }, { "contents": "Liverpool Personal Service Society\n\n\nto what carers and people with dementia themselves say about their needs and wishes, enabling them to have as much control over their lives as possible. Innovation, co-operation, assistive technology enables PSS dementia support services,www.dementiacentre.com, to provide a wide range of help to people with dementia and for those who care for them. Mental health resource centres and community based projects PSS mental health resource centres and community based projects provide counselling and listening services as well as therapeutic, socially interactive and educational group work and activities focusing on", "id": "737069" }, { "contents": "Theta Delta Sigma\n\n\nassistance to disadvantaged children, youth, and their families. The society's first service commitment was a volunteer babysitting program which provided low income families with a free and dependable babysitter. This service has been discontinued, however, Theta Delta Sigma continues to be involved in the lives of the youth through association with the following charitable organizations: For one weekend, every spring, all chapters and colonies of Theta Delta Sigma hold concurrent service projects built around the theme of service to disadvantaged youth. On that weekend, the siblings of Theta", "id": "6037687" }, { "contents": "Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota\n\n\nLutheran Welfare Society and the Board of Christian Service, which then administered Vasa Children's Home. In 2012, LSS merged its adoption services with those of newly acquired partner Children’s Home Society of Minnesota, forming the largest adoption agency in the state. LSS reaches children, youth, families, people with disabilities, and older adults through more than 23 lines of service. Among them are adoption and foster care services, behavioral health services, crisis shelters for children and services for youth experiencing homelessness, disaster response, employment services", "id": "15848297" }, { "contents": "Family Service Agency of San Francisco\n\n\nFamily Service Agency of San Francisco (FSA) was founded in 1889 as Associated Charities by Katharine Felton (1873-1940). FSASF is the oldest nonsectarian, nonprofit charitable social-services provider in the City and County of San Francisco. It relies on contributions from government, private donors, and private clients. FSA focuses on strengthening families by providing caring, effective, and innovative social services, with special emphasis on the needs of low-income families, children, and the elderly, and disabled people, thus improving", "id": "6066257" }, { "contents": "Suicide in Hong Kong\n\n\na slight decrease compared to the previous years, however, the suicides of 19 or younger have risen by 50%. The Samaritans Hong Kong has described this issues as a worthy of attention situation. Factors in suicide include the Hong Kong education system and family pressures. The Hok Yau Club (It is a Hong Kong public charity and a member of the Hong Kong Council of Social Service. It mainly serves young students, provides counseling services to students, and organizes various extracurricular activities) deputy director-general Wu Baocheng believes", "id": "12089378" }, { "contents": "S.K.H. St. Christopher's Home\n\n\nadapt to the new lives in Hong Kong, reinforcing family and all kinds of supportive network of the NA, as well as cultivating a harmonic atmosphere amongst the NA and local citizens. The service targets are approached actively in a dynamic way. Comprehensive services are provided such as information for community resources, adjustment programs, support groups, integration programs, counselling and referrals. The project also train mainland mothers in Hong Kong to teach Putonghua and thus increase their self-esteem and sense of independence. This serves as a platform for", "id": "17154226" }, { "contents": "Mission Australia\n\n\nchildren across 46 Early Learning Centres. Mission Australia offers a diverse range of services to help young people engage positively with family, community, education and employment. It seeks to listen to and empower young people to lead positive change in their lives and in society. In 2017-18, Mission Australia assisted 8775 young people through 25 youth-specific services. Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to", "id": "20001726" }, { "contents": "Compass Family Services\n\n\n, provides intensive services to participating families to assist them to increase their income through employment and training. Compass Connecting Point provides families experiencing a housing crisis access to services including eviction prevention, emergency shelter, health care, child care and educational programs. Services include: Services include: Compass SF HOME helps families in danger of homelessness to stabilize and maintain their housing and re-houses homeless families so that they can work towards long-term economic self-sufficiency. Services include: Compass Family Resource Center runs parent education classes,", "id": "16595432" }, { "contents": "Calabanga\n\n\nto the LGU as mandated under RA 7160, which is the Local Government Code of 1991, the municipality of Calabanga have assumed the responsibility of implementing the various programs such as the Child and Youth Welfare, Family and Community Organizing, Women’s Welfare, Elderly and Disabled persons. Other services include family life education and counseling, Aid to individuals in Crisis Situation and emergency assistance which have the most number of clienteles. The municipality was able to establish and maintain 62-Day Care Centers located at 48 barangays. For protective services, Barangay", "id": "10562327" }, { "contents": "Metropolitan Family Services\n\n\nchild relationships, economic housing pressures and mental illness. The Family Service Bureau undertook special projects to help unmarried mothers and their children through the Women's Service Division. In response to increasing demand for services and long waiting lists, in 1963 the organization's board of directors made policy decisions for the family services Bureau, directing program emphases to families with minors and the elderly. The agency also began to show renewed interest in social policy. In 1971, the agency added a department of social affairs (later renamed Social Advocacy)", "id": "11169198" }, { "contents": "East Kong Yick Building\n\n\n\" village in China. The Kong Yick as well as other buildings in the area housed a number of family associations. Family associations were the first social \"community centers\" in Chinatown/ID. The associations were not just social organizations but also provided social services, helping new immigrants adjust to their new lives in America. Many would turn to these family associations to find work, health care and a place to live. The East Kong Yick Building housed the Gee How Oak Tin family association, the Lee Family Association and", "id": "4802914" }, { "contents": "Rachel Ewald\n\n\nFunded by private individual donations, corporate and foundation grants and faith based organizations, Foster Care Support receives no government or federal money for the program but is a private/public partnership with the State Division of Family and Children's Services. Funds and sponsors are always needed to operate the foundation as she continues to reach out to thousands of children across the State needing FCSF's services. New to Foster Care Support Foundation is the Hope 4 Tomorrow mentoring pilot program which teams up teens with professional and caring adults to help mentor and", "id": "17432336" }, { "contents": "Wisconsin Department of Children and Families\n\n\nThe Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF) is a governmental agency of the U.S. State of Wisconsin responsible for providing (and overseeing county provision of) services to assist children and families, including services for children in need of protection or services for their families, adoption and foster care services, licensing of facilities that care for children, background investigations of child caregivers, refugee family services, and child abuse and neglect investigations. It administers the Wisconsin Works (W-2) program, including the child care subsidy program, child", "id": "16236430" }, { "contents": "DePelchin Children's Center\n\n\nteen pregnancy prevention; assistance to pregnant and parenting teens; and family education programs to improve parenting skills and decrease risk factors leading to abuse and neglect. These programs are offered throughout the Greater Houston community at schools, community centers, and in homes. DePelchin also offers general parenting classes to strengthen families and help those coping with divorce. DePelchin's child welfare services encompass foster care, adoption, and post-adoption. In some cases, children who have been removed from their birth homes by Child Protective Services (CPS)", "id": "17098057" }, { "contents": "Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services\n\n\nof New York-area Jewish charitable organizations. The United Hebrew Charities was established in 1845 as an umbrella organization for the Hebrew Benevolent Fuel Association, the Ladies Benevolent Society of the Congregation of the Gates of Prayer, the Hebrew Relief Society, and the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society. In 1926 it became the Jewish Social Services Association. It merged in 1946 with the Jewish Family Welfare Society of Brooklyn to form Jewish Family Services (JFS). The present-day Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services (The Jewish", "id": "19207597" }, { "contents": "Hong Kong Observatory\n\n\nObservatory, an interest group set up in 1996 to help the Observatory to promote Hong Kong Observatory and its services to the public, provide science extension activities in relation to the works of the Observatory and foster communication between the Observatory and the public, now has more than 7,000 individual and family members in total. Activities organised for the Friends of the Observatory include regular science lectures and visits to Observatory's facilities. Newsletters (named 談天說地) were also published for members once every four months. Voluntary docents from this interest group lead", "id": "7479736" }, { "contents": "Yellow Ribbon Project\n\n\nthe help of their family and the community. ISCOS is a social organisation that helps ex-offenders and their families make positive changes to reintegrate successfully into society. Established in 1989, it has over 13,000 members who have benefited from various employment and training programmes. Founded in 1958, the Singapore Council of Social Service leads and coordinates the social service sector in Singapore. The Council was renamed National Council of Social service in 1992. The NCSS works closely with voluntary welfare organisations to build organisational capabilities for better management and delivery of", "id": "18461527" }, { "contents": "Religion in Hong Kong\n\n\nChung Chi College at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Baptist University and Lingnan University. They run around 144 secondary schools, 192 primary schools, 273 kindergartens and 116 nurseries. The Protestant community operates about 16 theological seminaries and Bible institutes, 16 publishing houses and 57 bookshops. They run seven hospitals, 18 clinics and 59 social service organisations, 74-day care centres, 17 children's homes, 35 homes for the elderly, 106 elderly centres, two schools for the blind and deaf, 47 training centres for", "id": "6912201" }, { "contents": "City Mission Society\n\n\nThe City Mission Society, is a social justice agency founded in 1816 by the congregations of Old South Church and Park Street Church with a mission to serve the urban poor of metropolitan Boston, Massachusetts. Nearly 200 years old, the City Mission Society has been a party to the establishment of programs serving children and families, and has helped to found several now independent schools and social service agencies. Today the society provides services to more than 3000 individuals in the form of education, advocacy and direct aid. The organization works with", "id": "4321770" }, { "contents": "Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services\n\n\nchange in child welfare policy in NSW. The Redfern organization, established by the community and run by mostly volunteers, changed the way in which Aboriginal children's services were provided in NSW ; these changes remain in place today. Redfern Aboriginal Children's Services also influenced mainstream policies which led to the current practice known as \"kinship care\" where priority is given to placing the removed child with family members. In the case of an Aboriginal child if no family member is available the child is placed with an Aboriginal family within their", "id": "11175404" }, { "contents": "Child and family services\n\n\nassistance. These services aim to help expand family resources and support networks. Research suggests that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban, and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. The majority of parents who work depend upon formal, organized out-of-home care. Studies show that families are paying a significant part of their earnings for child care. Between 2011 and 2012, the cost of child care increased at", "id": "14504402" }, { "contents": "Camden, New Jersey\n\n\nto all city residents in an attempt to combat poverty and aid low income families. The services offered range from preventative health care, homeless shelters, early childhood education, to home ownership and restoration services. Nonprofits in Camden strive to assist Camden residents in need of all ages, from children to the elderly. Each nonprofit organization in Camden has an impact on the community with specific goals and services. These organizations survive through donations, partnerships, and fundraising. Volunteers are needed at many of these organizations to assist with various programs", "id": "14111999" }, { "contents": "Singapore Children's Society\n\n\nSingapore Children's Society (Chinese: 新加坡儿童会) is a charitable organisation which looks after the welfare of children. It started out as an organisation which protects the physical, emotional and mental well-being of disadvantaged children. Singapore Children's Society protects and nurtures children and youth of all races and religions. In 2016, the Society reached out to 74,173 children, youth and families in need. Established in 1952, its services have evolved to meet the changing needs of children. Today, Children’s Society operates 13 service centres", "id": "19798691" }, { "contents": "International Association of Rebekah Assemblies\n\n\nwho are superior in organizational authority to both the Rebekahs and the Theta Rhos. Membership was 14,150 in 1969 and 13,577 in 1970. Rebekah Children's Services is a public benefit corporation founded in 1897 by the California Rebekah Lodge as an orphanage. They now provide foster care placement and support services, parent support, prevention and early specific needs of the child and family whenever categorical services do not work. Their services include outpatient therapy, education to the community, and behavioral health care services to children and families living in Santa Clara", "id": "18449656" }, { "contents": "Health care system of the elderly in Germany\n\n\nhouseholds. With the emergence of care insurance an emergence of private home-care agencies and new residential arrangements for elderly also arose. If a family opted for the long-term care insurance to provide care services, they could attain these services through these private agencies; otherwise, they would receive cash benefits that could be used to pay a family member or other individual for informal care services. There are significant differences in the use of the long-term care services in Germany, depending on social position, ethnic background,", "id": "2349578" }, { "contents": "Cholmondeley Children's Centre\n\n\nCholmondeley Children's Centre provides respite care for children in Governors Bay near Christchurch. Its mission is to provide quality short-term or emergency respite care and education for children, usually between the ages of 3–12 years, and support for their families. The Centre has an important role in helping families during times of stress or crisis, by providing care to its most vulnerable members: children. Cholmondeley is a registered Child and Family Support Service and has an open-referral policy. NB: The organisation removed the word 'Home", "id": "13381649" }, { "contents": "Rotary Club of SoHo Hong Kong\n\n\n, Building Consultant, Human Resources, Counseling Psychology, Jewelry, Fashion, Finance, Banking, Occupational Therapy, Social Service, Education Consultant, Solicitor, Barrister, Event Management & Media, IT, Tertiary Education, Medical Practice - Cardiology, Manufacturing - Watches and etc. Every Wednesday 19:30 Star of Canton, Infinitus Plaza, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong. It is a service project serving the underprivileged families or single-parent families in Kwun Tong District. We set up a Little Bunny Letterbox which serves as a communication channel", "id": "7327235" }, { "contents": "Allambie Reception Centre\n\n\nAllambie Reception Centre was a former reception, treatment, classification and transit centre for children admitted to the care of the Victorian Government in Australia. The centre operated between 1961 and 1990 and was initially managed by the Family Welfare Division of the Social Welfare Department, later the Department of Community Welfare Services and Community Services Victoria. Located at 70 Elgar Road, Burwood, Victoria, the centre was designed to accommodate up to 100 children following a breakdown in home release, foster care or a children's home placement. Initially called \"", "id": "7301074" }, { "contents": "Kahal B'raira\n\n\ncongregation aims to encourage activities related to social service and social justice, adult education, and social events. The community is lay-led. The congregation also has a social action committee which coordinates events over the course of the year. Ongoing events have included a blood drive, volunteering at Gaining Ground Farm, serving meals on Christmas at First Church Shelter, contributing to Jewish Family and Children's Services' Family Table food pantry, participating in the Martin Luther King, Jr. Day of service in partnership with the City Mission Society", "id": "16197566" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]

[ { "contents": "Gmina Przedecz\n\n\nGmina Przedecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedecz, which lies approximately north-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,319 (out of which the population of Przedecz amounts to 1,771, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,548). Apart from the town of Przedecz, Gmina", "id": "7575434" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłodawa, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Kłodawa is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodawa, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,307 (out of which the population of Kłodawa amounts to 6,829, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,478). Apart from the town of Kłodawa, Gmina Kłodawa contains", "id": "7427258" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osiek Mały\n\n\nGmina Osiek Mały is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek Mały, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,866. Gmina Osiek Mały contains the villages and settlements of Borecznia Wielka, Dęby Szlacheckie, Drzewce, Felicjanów, Grądy, Lipiny, Łuczywno, Maciejewo, Młynek, Moczydła, Nowa Wieś, Nowe", "id": "7575433" }, { "contents": "Gmina Babiak\n\n\nGmina Babiak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Babiak, which lies approximately north of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,920. Gmina Babiak contains the villages and settlements of Babiak, Bogusławice, Bogusławice-Nowiny, Brdów, Brzezie, Bugaj, Dębno Królewskie, Dębno Poproboszczowskie, Góraj, Gryglaki, Janowice, Józefowo, Kiejsze", "id": "7427252" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dąbie, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dąbie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dąbie, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,644 (out of which the population of Dąbie amounts to 2,087, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,557). Apart from the town of Dąbie, Gmina", "id": "7427256" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodów\n\n\nGmina Chodów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Chodów, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,475. Gmina Chodów contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Bowyczyny, Budy-Gole, Chodów, Chrzanowo, Czerwonka, Długie, Domaników, Dziegielewo, Dzierzbice, Elizanów, Gąsiory, Ignacewo, Jagiełłów", "id": "7427255" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kościelec\n\n\nGmina Kościelec is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Kościelec, which lies approximately south-west of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,667. Gmina Kościelec contains the villages and settlements of Białków Górny, Białków Kościelny, Dąbrowice, Dąbrowice Częściowe, Daniszew, Dobrów, Gąsiorów, Gozdów, Kościelec, Łęka, Leszcze, Mariampol,", "id": "7575390" }, { "contents": "Gmina Grzegorzew\n\n\nGmina Grzegorzew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Grzegorzew, which lies approximately south-east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,617. Gmina Grzegorzew contains the villages and settlements of Barłogi, Boguszyniec, Borysławice Kościelne, Borysławice Zamkowe, Bylice, Bylice-Kolonia, Grodna, Grzegorzew, Kiełczewek, Ladorudzek, Ponętów Dolny,", "id": "7427257" }, { "contents": "Gmina Olszówka\n\n\nGmina Olszówka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Olszówka, which lies approximately east of Koło and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,757. Gmina Olszówka contains the villages and settlements of Adamin, Dębowiczki, Drzewce, Głębokie, Grabina, Krzewata, Łubianka, Młynik, Mniewo, Nowa Wioska, Olszówka, Ostrów, Ponętów Górny Drugi,", "id": "7575392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kostrzyn\n\n\nGmina Kostrzyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kostrzyn, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,456 (out of which the population of Kostrzyn amounts to 8,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,917). Apart from the town of Kostrzyn, Gmina Kostrzyn contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Swarzędz\n\n\nGmina Swarzędz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Swarzędz, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,499 (out of which the population of Swarzędz amounts to 29,894, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,605). Apart from the town of Swarzędz, Gmina Swarzędz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576775" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jarocin, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Jarocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jarocin, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 44,430 (out of which the population of Jarocin amounts to 25,834, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 18,596). Apart from the town of Jarocin, Gmina Jarocin contains the villages", "id": "7426646" }, { "contents": "Gmina Izbica Kujawska\n\n\nGmina Izbica Kujawska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Izbica Kujawska, which lies approximately south-west of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,008 (out of which the population of Izbica Kujawska amounts to 2,783, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,225). Apart from the town of Izbica Kujawska", "id": "3000260" }, { "contents": "Gmina Września\n\n\nGmina Września is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Września, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2012 its total population is 45,523 (out of which the population of Września amounts to 29,564, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,959). Apart from the town of Września, Gmina Września contains the villages and settlements", "id": "8083549" }, { "contents": "Gmina Oborniki\n\n\nGmina Oborniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Oborniki, which lies approximately north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 31,541 (out of which the population of Oborniki amounts to 17,850, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,691). Apart from the town of Oborniki, Gmina Oborniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "1413631" }, { "contents": "Gmina Osieczna, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Osieczna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Osieczna, which lies approximately north-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,576 (out of which the population of Osieczna amounts to 2,018, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,558). Apart from the town of Osieczna, Gmina", "id": "7575680" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mosina\n\n\nGmina Mosina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mosina, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 25,098 (out of which the population of Mosina amounts to 12,150, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,948). Apart from the town of Mosina, Gmina Mosina contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576490" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gizałki\n\n\nGmina Gizałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Gizałki, which lies approximately north of Pleszew and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,628. Gmina Gizałki contains the villages and settlements of Białobłoty, Czołnochów, Dziewin Duży, Gizałki, Gizałki-Las, Leszczyca, Nowa Wieś, Obory, Obory-Kolonia, Orlina Duża,", "id": "7576392" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kępno\n\n\nGmina Kępno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kępno, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 24,308 (out of which the population of Kępno amounts to 14,710, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,598). Apart from the town of Kępno, Gmina Kępno contains the villages", "id": "7427019" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostrzeszów\n\n\nGmina Ostrzeszów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostrzeszów, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,346 (out of which the population of Ostrzeszów amounts to 14,536, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,810). Apart from the town of Ostrzeszów, Gmina Ostrzeszów contains the villages", "id": "7575789" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pleszew\n\n\nGmina Pleszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Pleszew County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pleszew, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,790 (out of which the population of Pleszew amounts to 17,787, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 12,003). Apart from the town of Pleszew, Gmina Pleszew contains the villages", "id": "7576347" }, { "contents": "Gmina Margonin\n\n\nGmina Margonin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Margonin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,414 (out of which the population of Margonin amounts to 2,956, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,458). Apart from the town of Margonin, Gmina Margonin contains", "id": "7426007" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamocin\n\n\nGmina Szamocin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chodzież County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamocin, which lies approximately east of Chodzież and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,292 (out of which the population of Szamocin amounts to 4,267, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,025). Apart from the town of Szamocin, Gmina Szamocin contains", "id": "7426010" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kleczew\n\n\nGmina Kleczew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kleczew, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,721 (out of which the population of Kleczew amounts to 4,173, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,548). Apart from the town of Kleczew, Gmina Kleczew contains", "id": "7575448" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ślesin\n\n\nGmina Ślesin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ślesin, which lies approximately north of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Ślesin amounts to 3,102, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,344). Apart from the town of Ślesin, Gmina Ślesin contains", "id": "7575502" }, { "contents": "Gmina Łobżenica\n\n\nGmina Łobżenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Łobżenica, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,853 (out of which the population of Łobżenica amounts to 3,172, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,681). Apart from the town of Łobżenica, Gmina Łobżenica contains", "id": "7576139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wyrzysk\n\n\nGmina Wyrzysk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wyrzysk, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,132 (out of which the population of Wyrzysk amounts to 5,234, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,898). Apart from the town of Wyrzysk, Gmina Wyrzysk contains", "id": "7576223" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krotoszyn\n\n\nGmina Krotoszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krotoszyn, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 40,360 (of which the population of Krotoszyn amounts to 29,421, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,939). Apart from the town of Krotoszyn, Gmina Krotoszyn contains the villages and", "id": "7575611" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzemeszno\n\n\nGmina Trzemeszno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzemeszno, which lies approximately east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 14,019 (out of which the population of Trzemeszno amounts to 7,789, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,230). Apart from the town of Trzemeszno, Gmina Trzemeszno contains", "id": "7426124" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gostyń\n\n\nGmina Gostyń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gostyń, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 27,860 (out of which the population of Gostyń amounts to 20,588, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,272). Apart from the town of Gostyń, Gmina Gostyń contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7426493" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rawicz\n\n\nGmina Rawicz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rawicz, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population was 29,434 (out of which the population of Rawicz amounted to 21,301, and the population of the rural part of the gmina was 8,133). Apart from the town of Rawicz, Gmina Rawicz contains the villages and settlements", "id": "7576781" }, { "contents": "Gmina Golina\n\n\nGmina Golina is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Golina, which lies approximately north-west of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,326 (out of which the population of Golina amounts to 4,330, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,996). Apart from the town of Golina, Gmina", "id": "7575438" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sieraków\n\n\nGmina Sieraków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sieraków, which lies approximately east of Międzychód and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,649 (out of which the population of Sieraków amounts to 5,994, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,655). Apart from the town of Sieraków, Gmina", "id": "7575717" }, { "contents": "Gmina Tuliszków\n\n\nGmina Tuliszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Tuliszków, which lies approximately north-west of Turek and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,510 (out of which the population of Tuliszków amounts to 3,393, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,117). Apart from the town of Tuliszków, Gmina", "id": "8083520" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dobra, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Dobra is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Turek County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dobra, which lies approximately south-east of Turek and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,368 (out of which the population of Dobra amounts to 1,511, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,857). Apart from the town of Dobra", "id": "8083471" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rogoźno\n\n\nGmina Rogoźno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Oborniki County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rogoźno, which lies approximately north-east of Oborniki and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,322 (out of which the population of Rogoźno amounts to 10,905, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,417). Apart from the town of Rogoźno, Gmina", "id": "1413595" }, { "contents": "Gmina Szamotuły\n\n\nGmina Szamotuły is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Szamotuły, which lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 28,575 (out of which the population of Szamotuły amounts to 18,760, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,815). Apart from the town of Szamotuły, Gmina Szamotuły contains the villages", "id": "7577025" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nekla\n\n\nGmina Nekla is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Nekla, which lies approximately west of Września and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,623 (out of which the population of Nekla amounts to 3,203, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,420). Apart from the town of Nekla, Gmina Nekla contains", "id": "8083558" }, { "contents": "Gmina Gołańcz\n\n\nGmina Gołańcz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Gołańcz, which lies approximately north-east of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,391 (out of which the population of Gołańcz amounts to 3,342, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,049). Apart from the town of Gołańcz", "id": "8083529" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stęszew\n\n\nGmina Stęszew is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stęszew, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,919 (out of which the population of Stęszew amounts to 5,339, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,580). Apart from the town of Stęszew, Gmina Stęszew contains the villages", "id": "7576754" }, { "contents": "Gmina Żerków\n\n\nGmina Żerków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Jarocin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Żerków, which lies approximately north of Jarocin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,555 (out of which the population of Żerków amounts to 2,058, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,497). Apart from the town of Żerków, Gmina", "id": "7426670" }, { "contents": "Gmina Stawiszyn\n\n\nGmina Stawiszyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Stawiszyn, which lies approximately north of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,244 (out of which the population of Stawiszyn amounts to 1,554, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,690). Apart from the town of Stawiszyn, Gmina", "id": "7426954" }, { "contents": "Gmina Mikstat\n\n\nGmina Mikstat is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrzeszów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Mikstat, which lies approximately north of Ostrzeszów and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,187 (out of which the population of Mikstat amounts to 1,840, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,347). Apart from the town of Mikstat, Gmina", "id": "7576120" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jutrosin\n\n\nGmina Jutrosin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jutrosin, which lies approximately east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,070 (out of which the population of Jutrosin amounts to 1,872, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,198). Apart from the town of Jutrosin, Gmina Jutrosin contains", "id": "7576794" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kórnik\n\n\nGmina Kórnik (Kórnik Commune) is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kórnik, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 17,585 (out of which the population of Kórnik amounts to 6,981, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,604). Apart from the town of Kórnik, Gmina", "id": "7576478" }, { "contents": "Gmina Sompolno\n\n\nGmina Sompolno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sompolno, which lies approximately north-east of Konin and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,530 (of which the population of Sompolno amounts to 3,695, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,835). Apart from the town of Sompolno, Gmina Sompolno", "id": "7575495" }, { "contents": "Gmina Witkowo\n\n\nGmina Witkowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Witkowo, which lies approximately south-east of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,446 (out of which the population of Witkowo amounts to 7,855, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,591). Apart from the town of Witkowo, Gmina", "id": "7426139" }, { "contents": "Gmina Buk\n\n\nGmina Buk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Buk, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,917, of which the population of Buk is 6,181, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,736. Apart from the town of Buk, Gmina Buk contains the villages and settlements of Cieśle,", "id": "7576420" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czerniejewo\n\n\nGmina Czerniejewo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czerniejewo, which lies approximately south-west of Gniezno and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,913 (out of which the population of Czerniejewo amounts to 2,556, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,357). Apart from the town of Czerniejewo, Gmina", "id": "7426061" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wolsztyn\n\n\nGmina Wolsztyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolsztyn, which lies approximately south-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 29,216 (out of which the population of Wolsztyn amounts to 13,557, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,659). Apart from the town of Wolsztyn, Gmina Wolsztyn contains the villages", "id": "8083545" }, { "contents": "Gmina Chodecz\n\n\nGmina Chodecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Chodecz, which lies approximately south of Włocławek and south of Toruń. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,395 (out of which the population of Chodecz amounts to 1,936, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,459). Apart from the town of Chodecz, Gmina Chodecz contains the villages", "id": "3000237" }, { "contents": "Gmina Skoki\n\n\nGmina Skoki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wągrowiec County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skoki, which lies approximately south of Wągrowiec and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,749 (out of which the population of Skoki amounts to 3,866, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,883). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "1556184" }, { "contents": "Gmina Czempiń\n\n\nGmina Czempiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Czempiń, which lies approximately north-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,259 (out of which the population of Czempiń amounts to 5,135, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,124). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pogorzela\n\n\nGmina Pogorzela is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pogorzela, which lies approximately south-east of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,157 (out of which the population of Pogorzela amounts to 1,974, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,183). Apart from the town of Pogorzela, Gmina", "id": "7426581" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychwał\n\n\nGmina Rychwał is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Konin County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rychwał, which lies approximately south of Konin and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,387 (out of which the population of Rychwał amounts to 2,377, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,010). Apart from the town of Rychwał, Gmina", "id": "7575475" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opalenica\n\n\nGmina Opalenica is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opalenica, which lies approximately east of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 15,588 (out of which the population of Opalenica amounts to 9,104, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,484). Apart from the town of Opalenica, Gmina", "id": "7575746" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koźmin Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Koźmin Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koźmin Wielkopolski, which lies approximately north of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,820 (out of which the population of Koźmin Wielkopolski amounts to 6,707, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,113). Apart from the town of", "id": "7575621" }, { "contents": "Gmina Raszków\n\n\nGmina Raszków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Raszków, which lies approximately north of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,275 (out of which the population of Raszków amounts to 2,037, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,238). Apart from the town of Raszków", "id": "7575772" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miejska Górka\n\n\nGmina Miejska Górka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rawicz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miejska Górka, which lies approximately north-east of Rawicz and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,283 (out of which the population of Miejska Górka amounts to 3,128, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,155). Apart from the town of", "id": "7576825" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ujście\n\n\nGmina Ujście is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ujście, which lies approximately south of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,009 (out of which the population of Ujście amounts to 3,899, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,110). Apart from the town of Ujście, Gmina Ujście contains", "id": "7576174" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pniewy, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Pniewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pniewy, which lies approximately south-west of Szamotuły and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,905 (out of which the population of Pniewy amounts to 7,464, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,441). Apart from the town of Pniewy, Gmina", "id": "7577091" }, { "contents": "Gmina Książ Wielkopolski\n\n\nGmina Książ Wielkopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Książ Wielkopolski, which lies approximately east of Śrem and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,429 (out of which the population of Książ Wielkopolski amounts to 2,724, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,705). Apart from the town of", "id": "8083469" }, { "contents": "Gmina Miłosław\n\n\nGmina Miłosław is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Miłosław, which lies approximately south-west of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,266 (out of which the population of Miłosław amounts to 3,589, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,677). Apart from the town of Miłosław", "id": "8083552" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zduny, Greater Poland Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Zduny is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zduny, which lies approximately south-west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,946 (out of which the population of Zduny amounts to 4,498, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,448). Apart from the town of Zduny, Gmina", "id": "7575635" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rozdrażew\n\n\nGmina Rozdrażew is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozdrażew, which lies approximately north-east of Krotoszyn and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,155. Gmina Rozdrażew contains the villages and settlements of Budy, Chwałki, Dąbrowa, Dębowiec, Dzielice, Grębów, Henryków, Maciejew, Nowa Wieś, Rozdrażew, Trzemeszno, Wolenice,", "id": "7575629" }, { "contents": "Gmina Jastrowie\n\n\nGmina Jastrowie is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Jastrowie, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 11,401 (out of which the population of Jastrowie amounts to 8,403, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,998). Apart from the town of Jastrowie, Gmina", "id": "8083566" }, { "contents": "Gmina Okonek\n\n\nGmina Okonek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Okonek, which lies approximately north-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,909 (out of which the population of Okonek amounts to 3,827, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,082). Apart from the town of Okonek, Gmina", "id": "8083574" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rydzyna\n\n\nGmina Rydzyna () is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leszno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rydzyna, which lies approximately south-east of Leszno and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,076 (out of which the population of Rydzyna amounts to 2,539, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,537). Apart from the town of Rydzyna", "id": "7575682" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krzywiń\n\n\nGmina Krzywiń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościan County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krzywiń, which lies approximately south-east of Kościan and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,892 (out of which the population of Krzywiń amounts to 1,547, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,345). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "7575597" }, { "contents": "Gmina Pyzdry\n\n\nGmina Pyzdry is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Września County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pyzdry, which lies approximately south of Września and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,217 (out of which the population of Pyzdry amounts to 3,188, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,029). The gmina contains part of the protected area", "id": "8083559" }, { "contents": "Gmina Koło\n\n\nGmina Koło is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Koło County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koło, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,995. Gmina Koło contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrówka, Borki, Chojny, Czołowo, Czołowo-Kolonia, Dąbrowa, Dzierawy, Kaczyniec, Kamień, Kiełczew Górny, Kiełczew Smużny Czwarty, Kiełczew Smużny Pierwszy", "id": "7575389" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krajenka\n\n\nGmina Krajenka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Złotów County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krajenka, which lies approximately south-west of Złotów and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,230 (out of which the population of Krajenka amounts to 3,651, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,579). Apart from the town of Krajenka, Gmina", "id": "8083568" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kobylin\n\n\nGmina Kobylin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Krotoszyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kobylin, which lies approximately west of Krotoszyn and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 8,039 (out of which the population of Kobylin amounts to 3,084, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,955). Apart from the town of Kobylin, Gmina Kobylin contains", "id": "7575620" }, { "contents": "Gmina Bralin\n\n\nGmina Bralin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Bralin, which lies approximately west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,644. Gmina Bralin contains the villages and settlements of Bralin, Chojęcin, Czermin, Działosze, Gola, Mnichowice, Nosale, Nowa Wieś Książęca, Tabor Mały, Tabor Wielki and Weronikopole. Gmina", "id": "7427212" }, { "contents": "Gmina Środa Wielkopolska\n\n\nGmina Środa Wielkopolska is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa Wielkopolska County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Środa Wielkopolska, which lies approximately south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 30,023 (out of which the population of Środa Wielkopolska amounts to 21,635, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,388). Apart from the town of Środa Wielkopolska,", "id": "7577108" }, { "contents": "Gmina Odolanów\n\n\nGmina Odolanów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Odolanów, which lies approximately south of Ostrów Wielkopolski and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,867 (out of which the population of Odolanów amounts to 4,960, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,907). The gmina contains part of the", "id": "7575765" }, { "contents": "Przedecz\n\n\nPrzedecz (; ) is a historic town in Koło County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland, with 1,779 inhabitants (2006). The town is situated in central Poland, midway between Chodecz and Kłodawa. It is located about northwest of Łódź, west of Warsaw and east of Poznań. The southeast side of Przedecz borders on the shore of Lake Przedecz. Nearby is one of the sources of the Noteć river. Przedecz is first mentioned in 1136 deed issued by Pope Innocent II, denoting the settlement as a possession held by", "id": "10103076" }, { "contents": "Gmina Zagórów\n\n\nGmina Zagórów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupca County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zagórów, which lies approximately south of Słupca and east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,073 (out of which the population of Zagórów amounts to 2,932, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,141). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta", "id": "7576873" }, { "contents": "Gmina Ostroróg\n\n\nGmina Ostroróg is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ostroróg, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,865 (out of which the population of Ostroróg amounts to 1,995, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,870). Apart from the town of Ostroróg", "id": "7577081" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wronki\n\n\nGmina Wronki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szamotuły County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wronki, which lies approximately north-west of Szamotuły and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,713 (out of which the population of Wronki amounts to 11,551, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,162). Apart from the town of Wronki", "id": "7577092" }, { "contents": "Gmina Lwówek\n\n\nGmina Lwówek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lwówek, which lies approximately north of Nowy Tomyśl and west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,151 (out of which the population of Lwówek amounts to 2,909, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,242). Apart from the town of Lwówek, Gmina", "id": "7575726" }, { "contents": "Gmina Nowa Sarzyna\n\n\nGmina Nowa Sarzyna is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Leżajsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Nowa Sarzyna, which lies approximately north-west of Leżajsk and north-east of the regional capital Rzeszów. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 21,296 (out of which the population of Nowa Sarzyna amounts to 6,308, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 14,988). Apart from the town", "id": "5471232" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kłecko\n\n\nGmina Kłecko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gniezno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłecko, which lies approximately north-west of Gniezno and north-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,569 (out of which the population of Kłecko amounts to 2,677, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,892). During the German Invasion of Poland", "id": "7426072" }, { "contents": "Gmina Krobia\n\n\nGmina Krobia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Krobia, which lies approximately south of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,792 (out of which the population of Krobia amounts to 4,022, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,770). Apart from the town of Krobia, Gmina Krobia contains", "id": "7426507" }, { "contents": "Gmina Dolsk\n\n\nGmina Dolsk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Dolsk, which lies approximately south of Śrem and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 5,732 (out of which the population of Dolsk amounts to 1,479, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,253). Apart from the town of Dolsk, Gmina Dolsk contains", "id": "8083466" }, { "contents": "Gmina Trzcianka\n\n\nGmina Trzcianka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Trzcianka, which lies approximately north of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 23,482 (out of which the population of Trzcianka amounts to 16,756, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,726). Apart from the town of Trzcianka", "id": "7426054" }, { "contents": "Gmina Międzychód\n\n\nGmina Międzychód is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzychód County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzychód, which lies approximately west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 18,290 (out of which the population of Międzychód amounts to 10,920, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,370). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Pszczew Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "7575703" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wieleń\n\n\nGmina Wieleń is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Czarnków-Trzcianka County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wieleń, which lies approximately west of Czarnków and north-west of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,572 (out of which the population of Wieleń amounts to 5,940, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,632). Apart from the town of Wieleń", "id": "7426058" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rybno, Masovian Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rybno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rybno, which lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of Sochaczew and 62 km (38 mi) west of Warsaw. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,494. Gmina Rybno contains the villages and settlements of Aleksandrów, Antosin, Bronisławy, Ćmiszew Rybnowski, Ćmiszew-Parcel, Cypriany, Erminów, Jasieniec,", "id": "5184822" }, { "contents": "Gmina Domaszowice\n\n\nGmina Domaszowice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Namysłów County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Domaszowice, which lies approximately east of Namysłów and north of the regional capital Opole. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 3,772. Gmina Domaszowice contains the villages and settlements of Domaszowice, Dziedzice, Gręboszów, Kopalina, Nowa Wieś, Piekło, Polkowskie, Siemysłów, Stary Gręboszów, Strzelce, Sułoszów, Świbne, Szerzyna, Wielka Kolonia", "id": "5406927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Wysoka\n\n\nGmina Wysoka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piła County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wysoka, which lies approximately east of Piła and north of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 6,890 (out of which the population of Wysoka amounts to 2,750, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,140). It is situated in the historical region of Krajna.", "id": "7576291" }, { "contents": "Gmina Kazimierza Wielka\n\n\nGmina Kazimierza Wielka is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kazimierza County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kazimierza Wielka, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,759 (out of which the population of Kazimierza Wielka amounts to 5,730, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,029). Apart from the town of Kazimierza Wielka, Gmina Kazimierza Wielka contains", "id": "7014442" }, { "contents": "Gmina Śrem\n\n\nGmina Śrem is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Śrem, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 39,841 (out of which the population of Śrem amounts to 30,227, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,614). The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chłapowski Landscape Park. Apart", "id": "8083461" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatówek\n\n\nGmina Opatówek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kalisz County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatówek (population 3,800), which lies approximately east of Kalisz and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 10,148. Gmina Opatówek is bordered by the city of Kalisz and by the gminas of Ceków-Kolonia, Godziesze Wielkie, Koźminek, Szczytniki and Żelazków. The gmina contains the", "id": "20628584" }, { "contents": "Gmina Słomniki\n\n\nGmina Słomniki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Słomniki, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 13,589 (out of which the population of Słomniki amounts to 4,331, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,258). Apart from the town of Słomniki, Gmina Słomniki contains the villages and settlements", "id": "3315531" }, { "contents": "Gmina Proszowice\n\n\nGmina Proszowice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Proszowice, which lies approximately north-east of the regional capital Kraków. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 16,188 (out of which the population of Proszowice amounts to 6,205, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,983). Apart from the town of Proszowice, Gmina Proszowice contains the villages and settlements", "id": "4626927" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rychtal\n\n\nGmina Rychtal is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kępno County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rychtal, which lies approximately south-west of Kępno and south-east of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 4,041. Gmina Rychtal contains the villages and settlements of Dalanów, Darnowiec, Drożki, Dworzyszcze, Krzyżowniki, Mały Buczek, Nowa Wieś, Proszów, Remiszówka, Skoroszów, Stogniewice, Szarlota", "id": "7427224" }, { "contents": "Gmina Poniec\n\n\nGmina Poniec is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poniec, which lies approximately south-west of Gostyń and south of the regional capital Poznań. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 7,866 (out of which the population of Poniec amounts to 2,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,991). Apart from the town of Poniec, Gmina", "id": "7426590" }, { "contents": "Gmina Rzgów, Łódź Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Rzgów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Rzgów, which lies approximately south of the regional capital Łódź. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 9,019 (out of which the population of Rzgów amounts to 3,338, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,681). Apart from the town of Rzgów, Gmina Rzgów contains the villages and settlements of Babichy", "id": "3242989" }, { "contents": "Gmina Opatów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship\n\n\nGmina Opatów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Opatów, which lies approximately east of the regional capital Kielce. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 its total population is 12,635 (out of which the population of Opatów amounts to 6,846, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,789). Apart from the town of Opatów, Gmina Opatów contains the villages and settlements of", "id": "7292087" } ]