Datasets:

mtyrrell
/

ikitracs_training_dataset_FINAL_FULL

Dataset card Viewer Files Files and versions Community

Split (1)

train · 7.02k rows

Unnamed: 0 float64 0 6.65k ⌀	source stringclasses 9 values	country_code stringlengths 3 3 ⌀	country stringlengths 4 41 ⌀	type_of_document stringclasses 6 values	parameter stringlengths 4 23 ⌀	content stringlengths 1 1.21k ⌀	target_type stringclasses 10 values	target_year stringlengths 4 55 ⌀	url stringlengths 53 197 ⌀	document_path stringlengths 97 97 ⌀	lang stringclasses 9 values	matched_paragraph stringlengths 207 12.3k ⌀	matched_paragraph_FINAL stringlengths 117 1.76k
5,800	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Planning	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	About 85% of the countryâs population and more than 90% of its infrastructure is located in low-lying coastal areas. Damage to coastal and offshore infrastructure due to rising temperatures and changes in seawater acidity and salinity is, therefore, of particular policy and planning relevance for the UAE. Other critical impacts include, but are not limited to, increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector.	About 85% of the countryâs population and more than 90% of its infrastructure is located in low-lying coastal areas. Damage to coastal and offshore infrastructure due to rising temperatures and changes in seawater acidity and salinity is, therefore, of particular policy and planning relevance for the UAE. Other critical impacts include, but are not limited to, increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector.
5,801	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Planning	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,802	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Laws	Across the UAE, green building design and construction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/UpdateNDC-EN-2022.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9316dc4a4554c4bd13d35ff9bd87e17738e233a85a3546c0f97409571828862.pdf	en-US	Other critical impacts include but are not limited to increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for the operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and the design and construction of planned infrastructure serve as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the country, green building design and construction is being promoted, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded to harness the benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Other critical impacts include but are not limited to increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for the operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and the design and construction of planned infrastructure serve as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the country, green building design and construction is being promoted, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded to harness the benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,803	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Laws	Across the UAE, green building design and construction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,804	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Monitoring	Across the UAE, green building design and construction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/UpdateNDC-EN-2022.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9316dc4a4554c4bd13d35ff9bd87e17738e233a85a3546c0f97409571828862.pdf	en-US	Other critical impacts include but are not limited to increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for the operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and the design and construction of planned infrastructure serve as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the country, green building design and construction is being promoted, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded to harness the benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Other critical impacts include but are not limited to increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for the operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and the design and construction of planned infrastructure serve as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the country, green building design and construction is being promoted, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded to harness the benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,805	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Monitoring	Across the UAE, green building design and construction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,806	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Infrares	Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/UpdateNDC-EN-2022.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9316dc4a4554c4bd13d35ff9bd87e17738e233a85a3546c0f97409571828862.pdf	en-US	Other critical impacts include but are not limited to increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for the operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and the design and construction of planned infrastructure serve as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the country, green building design and construction is being promoted, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded to harness the benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Other critical impacts include but are not limited to increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for the operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and the design and construction of planned infrastructure serve as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the country, green building design and construction is being promoted, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded to harness the benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,807	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Infrares	Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,808	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Warning	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/UpdateNDC-EN-2022.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9316dc4a4554c4bd13d35ff9bd87e17738e233a85a3546c0f97409571828862.pdf	en-US	Other critical impacts include but are not limited to increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for the operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and the design and construction of planned infrastructure serve as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the country, green building design and construction is being promoted, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded to harness the benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Other critical impacts include but are not limited to increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for the operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and the design and construction of planned infrastructure serve as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the country, green building design and construction is being promoted, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded to harness the benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,809	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Warning	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/UpdateNDC-EN-2022.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9316dc4a4554c4bd13d35ff9bd87e17738e233a85a3546c0f97409571828862.pdf	en-US	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate-proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. Response plans are designed in conjunction with women, youth, and at-risk groups, and reflect the needs of all individuals. Health The impacts of climate change on human health vary in scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through the impacts of climate change on air quality and water supply.	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate-proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. Response plans are designed in conjunction with women, youth, and at-risk groups, and reflect the needs of all individuals. Health The impacts of climate change on human health vary in scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through the impacts of climate change on air quality and water supply.
5,810	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Warning	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,811	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Warning	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. 3.3. Public Health The effects of climate change on human health occur in varying degrees of scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through climate changeâs impact on air quality and water supply.	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. 3.3. Public Health The effects of climate change on human health occur in varying degrees of scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through climate changeâs impact on air quality and water supply.
5,812	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Planning	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/UpdateNDC-EN-2022.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9316dc4a4554c4bd13d35ff9bd87e17738e233a85a3546c0f97409571828862.pdf	en-US	Other critical impacts include but are not limited to increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for the operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and the design and construction of planned infrastructure serve as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the country, green building design and construction is being promoted, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded to harness the benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Other critical impacts include but are not limited to increased infrastructure maintenance costs, loss of business opportunities due to transport disruptions, and reduced reliability of buildings and transport infrastructure. Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for the operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and the design and construction of planned infrastructure serve as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the country, green building design and construction is being promoted, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded to harness the benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,813	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Planning	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/UpdateNDC-EN-2022.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9316dc4a4554c4bd13d35ff9bd87e17738e233a85a3546c0f97409571828862.pdf	en-US	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate-proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. Response plans are designed in conjunction with women, youth, and at-risk groups, and reflect the needs of all individuals. Health The impacts of climate change on human health vary in scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through the impacts of climate change on air quality and water supply.	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate-proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. Response plans are designed in conjunction with women, youth, and at-risk groups, and reflect the needs of all individuals. Health The impacts of climate change on human health vary in scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through the impacts of climate change on air quality and water supply.
5,814	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Planning	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	Supplemented by coastal zoning and monitoring, urban masterplans that lay guidelines for operation and maintenance of existing infrastructure, and design and construction of planned infrastructure, are serving as a foundation for effective adaptation plans for the UAE infrastructure sector. Across the UAE, green building design andconstruction is being promoted, minimum requirements for protection of new coastal developments from sea level rise are being set, existing buildings and facilities are being refurbished, and flood monitoring and management systems are being enhanced. Public infrastructure is being continuously upgraded and enhanced to harness benefits of new technologies and practices. Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.
5,815	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Planning	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. 3.3. Public Health The effects of climate change on human health occur in varying degrees of scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through climate changeâs impact on air quality and water supply.	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. 3.3. Public Health The effects of climate change on human health occur in varying degrees of scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through climate changeâs impact on air quality and water supply.
5,816	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Emergency	Even while the UAE climate proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/UpdateNDC-EN-2022.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d9316dc4a4554c4bd13d35ff9bd87e17738e233a85a3546c0f97409571828862.pdf	en-US	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate-proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. Response plans are designed in conjunction with women, youth, and at-risk groups, and reflect the needs of all individuals. Health The impacts of climate change on human health vary in scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through the impacts of climate change on air quality and water supply.	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate-proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. Response plans are designed in conjunction with women, youth, and at-risk groups, and reflect the needs of all individuals. Health The impacts of climate change on human health vary in scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through the impacts of climate change on air quality and water supply.
5,817	adaptation	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	R_Emergency	Even while the UAE climate proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. 3.3. Public Health The effects of climate change on human health occur in varying degrees of scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through climate changeâs impact on air quality and water supply.	Fog detection and warning systems are in use, and efforts are being made to incorporate climate-induced hazards in road safety plans. Even while the UAE climate proofs its infrastructure and communities, relevant contingency and disaster response plans are being put in place to ensure preparedness for emergencies and to maintain continued access to infrastructure services. 3.3. Public Health The effects of climate change on human health occur in varying degrees of scale and complexity â either with direct exposure to extreme weather events or indirectly through climate changeâs impact on air quality and water supply.
5,818	covid19	ARE	United Arab Emirates	2nd NDC	Y_General	The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated a set of unprecedented socio-economic challenges for all countries of the world. As the UAE addresses the public health crisis and sets the economy on a path of recovery, uncertainty on the fallout of the crisis remains. It is notable thatthe pandemicâspotential implications for economic growth and investment, and therefore emission trajectories, are not fully known and thus unaccounted for in this submission.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/UAE%20Second%20NDC%20-%20UNFCCC%20Submission%20-%20English%20-%20FINAL.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/57a830eefe5410b55c1a27bea3a3de265e2bc12c5593337b3361d229d66b9570.pdf	en-US	At the federal level, the UAE Ministry of Climate Change and Environment and the UAE Ministry of Energy and Infrastructure are two key entities engaged in the implementation of climate and sustainable energy plans. Concerted efforts are being made at the level of the UAEâs seven Emirates to enhance quality of life and protect the environment. The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated a set of unprecedented socio-economic challenges for all countries of the world. As the UAE addresses the public health crisis and sets the economy on a path of recovery, uncertainty on the fallout of the crisis remains. It is notable that the pandemicâs potential implications for economic growth and investment, and therefore emission trajectories, are not fully known and thus unaccounted for in this submission.	At the federal level, the UAE Ministry of Climate Change and Environment and the UAE Ministry of Energy and Infrastructure are two key entities engaged in the implementation of climate and sustainable energy plans. Concerted efforts are being made at the level of the UAEâs seven Emirates to enhance quality of life and protect the environment. The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated a set of unprecedented socio-economic challenges for all countries of the world. As the UAE addresses the public health crisis and sets the economy on a path of recovery, uncertainty on the fallout of the crisis remains. It is notable that the pandemicâs potential implications for economic growth and investment, and therefore emission trajectories, are not fully known and thus unaccounted for in this submission.
5,819	targets	IND	India	LTS	null	Indicative 2025 target: 20% ethanol blending in petrol, with a savings potential of approximately INR 30,000 crore/yr.	null	2025	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	It carries nearly 23 million passengers daily, making it the largest passenger carrying system in the world. Other segments such as civil aviation and domestic navigation account for a relatively small but fast-growing share of Indiaâs transport mix. Given Indiaâs current growth and transport sector trends, the on-road freight segment is likely to be a significant driver of transport emissions in the long-term in a business-as- usual scenario. Emissions from heavy duty vehicles would account for the majority of such emissions. Addressing both passenger and freight transport will therefore be an important goal for Indiaâs low-carbon development.Current Policies and Targets â¢ Indicative 2025 target: 20% ethanol blending in petrol, with a savings potential of approximately INR 30,000 crore/yr.	It carries nearly 23 million passengers daily, making it the largest passenger carrying system in the world. Other segments such as civil aviation and domestic navigation account for a relatively small but fast-growing share of Indiaâs transport mix. Given Indiaâs current growth and transport sector trends, the on-road freight segment is likely to be a significant driver of transport emissions in the long-term in a business-as- usual scenario. Emissions from heavy duty vehicles would account for the majority of such emissions. Addressing both passenger and freight transport will therefore be an important goal for Indiaâs low-carbon development.Current Policies and Targets â¢ Indicative 2025 target: 20% ethanol blending in petrol, with a savings potential of approximately INR 30,000 crore/yr.
5,820	targets	IND	India	LTS	null	Indicative 2025 target: 20% ethanol blending in petrol, with a savings potential of approximately INR 30,000 crore/yr.	null	2025	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Addressing both passenger and freight transport will therefore be an important goal for Indiaâs low-carbon development.Current Policies and Targets â¢ Indicative 2025 target: 20% ethanol blending in petrol, with a savings potential of approximately INR 30,000 crore/yr. â¢ Leapfrogging Bharat Stage V emissions to directly reach Bharat Stage VI emissions. â¢ Comprehensive package for electric vehicles, including domestic manufacturing in auto parts and batteries, investments in charging infrastructure and demand aggregation. â¢ Indian Railways to become net-zero by 2030, leading to annual mitigation of 60 million tonnes of CO . â¢ Multiple policies to enhance the share of public, non-motorized transport. â¢ A National Master Plan for Multi-modal Connectivity â PM Gati Shakti.	Addressing both passenger and freight transport will therefore be an important goal for Indiaâs low-carbon development.Current Policies and Targets â¢ Indicative 2025 target: 20% ethanol blending in petrol, with a savings potential of approximately INR 30,000 crore/yr. â¢ Leapfrogging Bharat Stage V emissions to directly reach Bharat Stage VI emissions. â¢ Comprehensive package for electric vehicles, including domestic manufacturing in auto parts and batteries, investments in charging infrastructure and demand aggregation. â¢ Indian Railways to become net-zero by 2030, leading to annual mitigation of 60 million tonnes of CO . â¢ Multiple policies to enhance the share of public, non-motorized transport. â¢ A National Master Plan for Multi-modal Connectivity â PM Gati Shakti.
5,821	targets	IND	India	LTS	null	Indian Railways to become net-zero by 2030, leading to annual mitigation of 60 million tonnes of CO2.	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Addressing both passenger and freight transport will therefore be an important goal for Indiaâs low-carbon development.Current Policies and Targets â¢ Indicative 2025 target: 20% ethanol blending in petrol, with a savings potential of approximately INR 30,000 crore/yr. â¢ Leapfrogging Bharat Stage V emissions to directly reach Bharat Stage VI emissions. â¢ Comprehensive package for electric vehicles, including domestic manufacturing in auto parts and batteries, investments in charging infrastructure and demand aggregation. â¢ Indian Railways to become net-zero by 2030, leading to annual mitigation of 60 million tonnes of CO . â¢ Multiple policies to enhance the share of public, non-motorized transport. â¢ A National Master Plan for Multi-modal Connectivity â PM Gati Shakti.	Addressing both passenger and freight transport will therefore be an important goal for Indiaâs low-carbon development.Current Policies and Targets â¢ Indicative 2025 target: 20% ethanol blending in petrol, with a savings potential of approximately INR 30,000 crore/yr. â¢ Leapfrogging Bharat Stage V emissions to directly reach Bharat Stage VI emissions. â¢ Comprehensive package for electric vehicles, including domestic manufacturing in auto parts and batteries, investments in charging infrastructure and demand aggregation. â¢ Indian Railways to become net-zero by 2030, leading to annual mitigation of 60 million tonnes of CO . â¢ Multiple policies to enhance the share of public, non-motorized transport. â¢ A National Master Plan for Multi-modal Connectivity â PM Gati Shakti.
5,822	targets	IND	India	LTS	null	Indian Railways to become net-zero by 2030, leading to annual mitigation of 60 million tonnes of CO2.	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Portfolio of urban transport policies and schemes: National Urban Transport Policy 2006, Smart Cities Mission, Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT), Green Urban Mobility scheme, National Transit Oriented Development Policy. 2. Metro Rail Policy 2017: Target of constructing metro rail services in 27 cities across India by 2025 (MoHUA, n.d.). 3. National Rail Plan 2030: Target of increasing modal share of the railways in freight to 45%. 4. Indian Railways to become net-zero by 2030, leading to 60 million tonnes of annual mitigation of CO . 5. Gati Shakti National Master Plan: A GIS based digital platform to bring together 25 Central Ministries/Departments and all States/UTs for integrated planning and coordinated implementation of infrastructure projects. 6. Dedicated freight corridors by the railways. 7.	Portfolio of urban transport policies and schemes: National Urban Transport Policy 2006, Smart Cities Mission, Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT), Green Urban Mobility scheme, National Transit Oriented Development Policy. 2. Metro Rail Policy 2017: Target of constructing metro rail services in 27 cities across India by 2025 (MoHUA, n.d.). 3. National Rail Plan 2030: Target of increasing modal share of the railways in freight to 45%. 4. Indian Railways to become net-zero by 2030, leading to 60 million tonnes of annual mitigation of CO . 5. Gati Shakti National Master Plan: A GIS based digital platform to bring together 25 Central Ministries/Departments and all States/UTs for integrated planning and coordinated implementation of infrastructure projects. 6. Dedicated freight corridors by the railways. 7.
5,823	targets	IND	India	LTS	null	National Logistic Policy aspires to reduce cost of logistics in India to be comparable to global benchmarks by 2030	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	â¢ A National Master Plan for Multi-modal Connectivity â PM Gati Shakti. â¢ Integrated and optimized freight networks through programmes such as Gati Shakti, Transit-oriented development, Bharatmala, Sagarmala, and dedicated rail freight corridors. â¢ National Logistic Policy aspires to reduce cost of logistics in India to be comparable to global benchmarks by 2030. Elements of a Long-Term Low-Carbon Growth Strategy 1. Reducing fuel demand and GHG emissions through improved fuel efficiency: India will achieve this through raised standards, optimized networks, improved technologies, and fleet modernization. 2. Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same.	â¢ A National Master Plan for Multi-modal Connectivity â PM Gati Shakti. â¢ Integrated and optimized freight networks through programmes such as Gati Shakti, Transit-oriented development, Bharatmala, Sagarmala, and dedicated rail freight corridors. â¢ National Logistic Policy aspires to reduce cost of logistics in India to be comparable to global benchmarks by 2030. Elements of a Long-Term Low-Carbon Growth Strategy 1. Reducing fuel demand and GHG emissions through improved fuel efficiency: India will achieve this through raised standards, optimized networks, improved technologies, and fleet modernization. 2. Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same.
5,824	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Encouraging improved fuel efficiency Fuel efficiency regulation, combined with electrification and expanding the adoption of clean fuels, can prove crucial in slowing down the rise in oil demand in the country. Fuel efficiency is also an important tool for achieving Indiaâs Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) commitment. It is also pivotal in reducing oil import costs and enhancing energy security. Improving fuel efficiency can reduce overall growth in demand for fuel and consequently help in reducing GHG emissions as compared to scenarios where such actions for efficiency improvement are not embedded in plans and policies for the sector	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	These are synthesized and elaborated upon below. 2.2.2.1 Improving fuel efficiency Fuel efficiency regulation, combined with electrification and expanding the adoption of clean fuels, can prove crucial in slowing down the rise in oil demand in the country. Fuel efficiency is also an important tool for achieving Indiaâs Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) commitment. It is also pivotal in reducing oil import costs and enhancing energy security. Improving fuel efficiency can reduce overall growth in demand for fuel and consequently help in reducing GHG emissions as compared to scenarios where such actions for efficiency improvement are not embedded in plans and policies for the sector.	These are synthesized and elaborated upon below. 2.2.2.1 Improving fuel efficiency Fuel efficiency regulation, combined with electrification and expanding the adoption of clean fuels, can prove crucial in slowing down the rise in oil demand in the country. Fuel efficiency is also an important tool for achieving Indiaâs Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) commitment. It is also pivotal in reducing oil import costs and enhancing energy security. Improving fuel efficiency can reduce overall growth in demand for fuel and consequently help in reducing GHG emissions as compared to scenarios where such actions for efficiency improvement are not embedded in plans and policies for the sector.
5,825	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Phased transition to cleaner fuels 1. Usage of ethanol, compressed natural gas (CBG), biodiesel and liquified natural gas (LNG) as short- term fuel alternatives. 2. Biodiesel and methanol/dimethyl ether (DME) supplemented by pipeline biogas (Bio-PNG) as medium-term fuel alternatives.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	They can help reduce reliance on crude oil imports and contribute to reducing CO emissions in the sector. Alternative fuels are gaining popularity due to their advantages in terms of reduced CO emissions, possibility of being produced using renewable energy, high energy quality, and potential contributions to economic growth. The expanded use of cleaner fuels comprises of three broad phases: 1. Usage of ethanol, compressed natural gas (CBG), biodiesel and liquified natural gas (LNG) as short- term fuel alternatives. 2. Biodiesel and methanol/dimethyl ether (DME) supplemented by pipeline biogas (Bio-PNG) as medium-term fuel alternatives. For encouraging use of such fuels, the following measures would be adopted: a. Boost annual ethanol procurement. b. Increase ethanol production facilities and ensure availability of sufficient feedstock.	They can help reduce reliance on crude oil imports and contribute to reducing CO emissions in the sector. Alternative fuels are gaining popularity due to their advantages in terms of reduced CO emissions, possibility of being produced using renewable energy, high energy quality, and potential contributions to economic growth. The expanded use of cleaner fuels comprises of three broad phases: 1. Usage of ethanol, compressed natural gas (CBG), biodiesel and liquified natural gas (LNG) as short- term fuel alternatives. 2. Biodiesel and methanol/dimethyl ether (DME) supplemented by pipeline biogas (Bio-PNG) as medium-term fuel alternatives. For encouraging use of such fuels, the following measures would be adopted: a. Boost annual ethanol procurement. b. Increase ethanol production facilities and ensure availability of sufficient feedstock.
5,826	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport India has introduced several initiatives to encourage a modal shift in both passenger and freight transport. The goal is to avoid higher per-capita emissions by encouraging public transport. Within public transport, the goal is to expand the use of less polluting modes with the order of preference being rail over road over airways.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	The goal is to avoid higher per-capita emissions by encouraging public transport. Within public transport, the goal is to expand the use of less polluting modes with the order of preference being rail over road over airways. 2.2.2.4 Electrification across multiple modes In a fast-growing country like India, electrification is critical to support low carbon development of the transportation sector. By 2050, both the rail and road transport will be encouraged to achieve high rates of electrification through policies designed to encourage electrification in this sector. Electrification of railways is already well on course with over 80% of the broad-gauge network already electrified till March 2022 (CORE, 2022).	The goal is to avoid higher per-capita emissions by encouraging public transport. Within public transport, the goal is to expand the use of less polluting modes with the order of preference being rail over road over airways. 2.2.2.4 Electrification across multiple modes In a fast-growing country like India, electrification is critical to support low carbon development of the transportation sector. By 2050, both the rail and road transport will be encouraged to achieve high rates of electrification through policies designed to encourage electrification in this sector. Electrification of railways is already well on course with over 80% of the broad-gauge network already electrified till March 2022 (CORE, 2022).
5,827	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Electrification across multiple modes By 2050, both the rail and road transport will be encouraged to achieve high rates of electrification through policies designed to encourage electrification in this sector. Electrification of railways is already well on course with over 80% of the broad-gauge network already electrified till March 2022 (CORE, 2022). With the expansion of electricity generation through non-fossil fuel sources, electric transportation will also become less carbon-intensive in the medium and long term.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	The goal is to avoid higher per-capita emissions by encouraging public transport. Within public transport, the goal is to expand the use of less polluting modes with the order of preference being rail over road over airways. 2.2.2.4 Electrification across multiple modes In a fast-growing country like India, electrification is critical to support low carbon development of the transportation sector. By 2050, both the rail and road transport will be encouraged to achieve high rates of electrification through policies designed to encourage electrification in this sector. Electrification of railways is already well on course with over 80% of the broad-gauge network already electrified till March 2022 (CORE, 2022).	The goal is to avoid higher per-capita emissions by encouraging public transport. Within public transport, the goal is to expand the use of less polluting modes with the order of preference being rail over road over airways. 2.2.2.4 Electrification across multiple modes In a fast-growing country like India, electrification is critical to support low carbon development of the transportation sector. By 2050, both the rail and road transport will be encouraged to achieve high rates of electrification through policies designed to encourage electrification in this sector. Electrification of railways is already well on course with over 80% of the broad-gauge network already electrified till March 2022 (CORE, 2022).
5,828	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Demand side management	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Low carbon options are to be assessed in the context of significant expansion needed across transportation modes for passenger and freight mobility. â¢ Encouraging improved fuel efficiency â¢ Phased transition to cleaner fuels â¢ Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport â¢ Electrification across multiple modes â¢ Demand side management â¢ Traffic management and intelligent transport systems Promote adaptation in urban design, energy and material-efficiency in buildings, and sustainable urbanisation Exploring and encouraging adaptation measures in urban design will be critical in the context of developing urban areas.	Low carbon options are to be assessed in the context of significant expansion needed across transportation modes for passenger and freight mobility. â¢ Encouraging improved fuel efficiency â¢ Phased transition to cleaner fuels â¢ Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport â¢ Electrification across multiple modes â¢ Demand side management â¢ Traffic management and intelligent transport systems Promote adaptation in urban design, energy and material-efficiency in buildings, and sustainable urbanisation Exploring and encouraging adaptation measures in urban design will be critical in the context of developing urban areas.
5,829	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Demand side management	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	â¢ Encouraging improved fuel efficiency â¢ Phased transition to cleaner fuels â¢ Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport â¢ Electrification across multiple modes â¢ Demand side management â¢ Traffic management and intelligent transport systems Promote adaptation in urban design, energy and material-efficiency in buildings, and sustainable urbanisation Exploring and encouraging adaptation measures in urban design will be critical in the context of developing urban areas. This will be a major focus alongside measures to promote sustainable urban design in the context of expanding cities.â¢ Mainstreaming adaptation measures in the built environment and urban systems â¢ Promote resource efficiency within urban planning guidelines, policies, and bylaws â¢ Promote climate responsive and resilient building design, construction, and operation in existing and future buildings and in urban systems â¢ Promote low-carbon municipal service delivery through resource efficiency, management of water, solid, and liquid waste Promote economy-wide decoupling of growth from emissions and development of an efficient, innovative low-emission industrial system Industrial growth is a major objective in the near, medium, and long term with policies directed at increasing the share of manufacturing in the GDP, including Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Make in India.	â¢ Encouraging improved fuel efficiency â¢ Phased transition to cleaner fuels â¢ Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport â¢ Electrification across multiple modes â¢ Demand side management â¢ Traffic management and intelligent transport systems Promote adaptation in urban design, energy and material-efficiency in buildings, and sustainable urbanisation Exploring and encouraging adaptation measures in urban design will be critical in the context of developing urban areas. This will be a major focus alongside measures to promote sustainable urban design in the context of expanding cities.â¢ Mainstreaming adaptation measures in the built environment and urban systems â¢ Promote resource efficiency within urban planning guidelines, policies, and bylaws â¢ Promote climate responsive and resilient building design, construction, and operation in existing and future buildings and in urban systems â¢ Promote low-carbon municipal service delivery through resource efficiency, management of water, solid, and liquid waste Promote economy-wide decoupling of growth from emissions and development of an efficient, innovative low-emission industrial system Industrial growth is a major objective in the near, medium, and long term with policies directed at increasing the share of manufacturing in the GDP, including Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Make in India.
5,830	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Traffic management and intelligent transport systems	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Low carbon options are to be assessed in the context of significant expansion needed across transportation modes for passenger and freight mobility. â¢ Encouraging improved fuel efficiency â¢ Phased transition to cleaner fuels â¢ Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport â¢ Electrification across multiple modes â¢ Demand side management â¢ Traffic management and intelligent transport systems Promote adaptation in urban design, energy and material-efficiency in buildings, and sustainable urbanisation Exploring and encouraging adaptation measures in urban design will be critical in the context of developing urban areas.	Low carbon options are to be assessed in the context of significant expansion needed across transportation modes for passenger and freight mobility. â¢ Encouraging improved fuel efficiency â¢ Phased transition to cleaner fuels â¢ Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport â¢ Electrification across multiple modes â¢ Demand side management â¢ Traffic management and intelligent transport systems Promote adaptation in urban design, energy and material-efficiency in buildings, and sustainable urbanisation Exploring and encouraging adaptation measures in urban design will be critical in the context of developing urban areas.
5,831	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Traffic management and intelligent transport systems	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	â¢ Encouraging improved fuel efficiency â¢ Phased transition to cleaner fuels â¢ Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport â¢ Electrification across multiple modes â¢ Demand side management â¢ Traffic management and intelligent transport systems Promote adaptation in urban design, energy and material-efficiency in buildings, and sustainable urbanisation Exploring and encouraging adaptation measures in urban design will be critical in the context of developing urban areas. This will be a major focus alongside measures to promote sustainable urban design in the context of expanding cities.â¢ Mainstreaming adaptation measures in the built environment and urban systems â¢ Promote resource efficiency within urban planning guidelines, policies, and bylaws â¢ Promote climate responsive and resilient building design, construction, and operation in existing and future buildings and in urban systems â¢ Promote low-carbon municipal service delivery through resource efficiency, management of water, solid, and liquid waste Promote economy-wide decoupling of growth from emissions and development of an efficient, innovative low-emission industrial system Industrial growth is a major objective in the near, medium, and long term with policies directed at increasing the share of manufacturing in the GDP, including Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Make in India.	â¢ Encouraging improved fuel efficiency â¢ Phased transition to cleaner fuels â¢ Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport â¢ Electrification across multiple modes â¢ Demand side management â¢ Traffic management and intelligent transport systems Promote adaptation in urban design, energy and material-efficiency in buildings, and sustainable urbanisation Exploring and encouraging adaptation measures in urban design will be critical in the context of developing urban areas. This will be a major focus alongside measures to promote sustainable urban design in the context of expanding cities.â¢ Mainstreaming adaptation measures in the built environment and urban systems â¢ Promote resource efficiency within urban planning guidelines, policies, and bylaws â¢ Promote climate responsive and resilient building design, construction, and operation in existing and future buildings and in urban systems â¢ Promote low-carbon municipal service delivery through resource efficiency, management of water, solid, and liquid waste Promote economy-wide decoupling of growth from emissions and development of an efficient, innovative low-emission industrial system Industrial growth is a major objective in the near, medium, and long term with policies directed at increasing the share of manufacturing in the GDP, including Aatmanirbhar Bharat and Make in India.
5,832	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Reducing fuel demand and GHG emissions through improved fuel efficiency: India will achieve this through raised standards, optimized networks, improved technologies, and fleet modernization	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	â¢ A National Master Plan for Multi-modal Connectivity â PM Gati Shakti. â¢ Integrated and optimized freight networks through programmes such as Gati Shakti, Transit-oriented development, Bharatmala, Sagarmala, and dedicated rail freight corridors. â¢ National Logistic Policy aspires to reduce cost of logistics in India to be comparable to global benchmarks by 2030. Elements of a Long-Term Low-Carbon Growth Strategy 1. Reducing fuel demand and GHG emissions through improved fuel efficiency: India will achieve this through raised standards, optimized networks, improved technologies, and fleet modernization. 2. Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same.	â¢ A National Master Plan for Multi-modal Connectivity â PM Gati Shakti. â¢ Integrated and optimized freight networks through programmes such as Gati Shakti, Transit-oriented development, Bharatmala, Sagarmala, and dedicated rail freight corridors. â¢ National Logistic Policy aspires to reduce cost of logistics in India to be comparable to global benchmarks by 2030. Elements of a Long-Term Low-Carbon Growth Strategy 1. Reducing fuel demand and GHG emissions through improved fuel efficiency: India will achieve this through raised standards, optimized networks, improved technologies, and fleet modernization. 2. Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same.
5,833	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same. Hydrogen will be used as an energy carrier and alternate fuel in the transportation sector	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same. Hydrogen will be used as an energy carrier and alternate fuel in the transportation sector. 3. Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport: India will seek to integrate transport with urban planning, multi-modal connectivity, and enhanced railway capacity. 4. Electrification across multiple modes: A comprehensive package of programmes, policies, and measures for the domestic manufacturing of electric vehicles and batteries and the electrification of railways will be taken up. ES2.3 Promoting Adaptation in Urban Design, Energy and Material-Efficiency in Buildings, and Sustainable Urbanisation Domestic and International Context India is rapidly urbanizing.	Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same. Hydrogen will be used as an energy carrier and alternate fuel in the transportation sector. 3. Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport: India will seek to integrate transport with urban planning, multi-modal connectivity, and enhanced railway capacity. 4. Electrification across multiple modes: A comprehensive package of programmes, policies, and measures for the domestic manufacturing of electric vehicles and batteries and the electrification of railways will be taken up. ES2.3 Promoting Adaptation in Urban Design, Energy and Material-Efficiency in Buildings, and Sustainable Urbanisation Domestic and International Context India is rapidly urbanizing.
5,834	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport: India will seek to integrate transport with urban planning, multi-modal connectivity, and enhanced railway capacity	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same. Hydrogen will be used as an energy carrier and alternate fuel in the transportation sector. 3. Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport: India will seek to integrate transport with urban planning, multi-modal connectivity, and enhanced railway capacity. 4. Electrification across multiple modes: A comprehensive package of programmes, policies, and measures for the domestic manufacturing of electric vehicles and batteries and the electrification of railways will be taken up. ES2.3 Promoting Adaptation in Urban Design, Energy and Material-Efficiency in Buildings, and Sustainable Urbanisation Domestic and International Context India is rapidly urbanizing.	Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same. Hydrogen will be used as an energy carrier and alternate fuel in the transportation sector. 3. Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport: India will seek to integrate transport with urban planning, multi-modal connectivity, and enhanced railway capacity. 4. Electrification across multiple modes: A comprehensive package of programmes, policies, and measures for the domestic manufacturing of electric vehicles and batteries and the electrification of railways will be taken up. ES2.3 Promoting Adaptation in Urban Design, Energy and Material-Efficiency in Buildings, and Sustainable Urbanisation Domestic and International Context India is rapidly urbanizing.
5,835	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Electrification across multiple modes: A comprehensive package of programmes, policies, and measures for the domestic manufacturing of electric vehicles and batteries and the electrification of railways will be taken up.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same. Hydrogen will be used as an energy carrier and alternate fuel in the transportation sector. 3. Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport: India will seek to integrate transport with urban planning, multi-modal connectivity, and enhanced railway capacity. 4. Electrification across multiple modes: A comprehensive package of programmes, policies, and measures for the domestic manufacturing of electric vehicles and batteries and the electrification of railways will be taken up. ES2.3 Promoting Adaptation in Urban Design, Energy and Material-Efficiency in Buildings, and Sustainable Urbanisation Domestic and International Context India is rapidly urbanizing.	Phased adoption of cleaner fuels: There will be continuation of a gradually increased blending of cleaner fuels while managing socio-economic and development of the skilling aspects required for the same. Hydrogen will be used as an energy carrier and alternate fuel in the transportation sector. 3. Modal shift towards public and less polluting modes of transport: India will seek to integrate transport with urban planning, multi-modal connectivity, and enhanced railway capacity. 4. Electrification across multiple modes: A comprehensive package of programmes, policies, and measures for the domestic manufacturing of electric vehicles and batteries and the electrification of railways will be taken up. ES2.3 Promoting Adaptation in Urban Design, Energy and Material-Efficiency in Buildings, and Sustainable Urbanisation Domestic and International Context India is rapidly urbanizing.
5,836	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Hydrogen as a long-term alternative: green hydrogen is expected to become a significant fuel in Indiaâs transport sector in the medium term, although the scale of its use will be contingent on the availability of low-cost finance to spur innovation in this sector. India is also aiming to emerge as a green hydrogen fuelling hub for maritime transport, with connectivity between ports and hydrogen producing facilities.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Hydrogen as a long-term alternative: green hydrogen is expected to become a significant fuel in Indiaâs transport sector in the medium term, although the scale of its use will be contingent on the availability of low-cost finance to spur innovation in this sector. India is also aiming to emerge as a green hydrogen fuelling hub for maritime transport, with connectivity between ports and hydrogen producing facilities.Box 2.1: Ethanol blended fuels for transport India introduced the National Policy on Biofuels in 2018, which aims to achieve 20% blending of ethanol with petrol and 5% blending of biodiesel with diesel, by 2030. With the well-coordinated efforts of Indiaâs public sector Oil Marketing Companies, the target of 10% blending of ethanol with petrol has already been achieved, much faster than its envisaged timeline.	Hydrogen as a long-term alternative: green hydrogen is expected to become a significant fuel in Indiaâs transport sector in the medium term, although the scale of its use will be contingent on the availability of low-cost finance to spur innovation in this sector. India is also aiming to emerge as a green hydrogen fuelling hub for maritime transport, with connectivity between ports and hydrogen producing facilities.Box 2.1: Ethanol blended fuels for transport India introduced the National Policy on Biofuels in 2018, which aims to achieve 20% blending of ethanol with petrol and 5% blending of biodiesel with diesel, by 2030. With the well-coordinated efforts of Indiaâs public sector Oil Marketing Companies, the target of 10% blending of ethanol with petrol has already been achieved, much faster than its envisaged timeline.
5,837	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	India has a key goal to significantly expand the market share of electric vehicles (EVs) for passenger transport. In addition to increasing the domestic manufacturing of EVs and batteries through production-linked incentives (PLI) schemes, India will explore the implementation of vehicle-grid integration options, to enable planning of increased load on the electricity grid (Das & Deb, 2020; FICCI, 2020). Increasing decarbonization of the grid and establishment of off-grid renewable hybrid charging / swapping stations for batteries are planned to keep pace with increasing electric mobility. In the short to medium-term, India will also consider policies related to the management of EV-related waste, and circular economy principles for the EV sector. As the EV industry grows, there will be a requirement for re-skilling of the workforce for manufacture and operation of new technologies and related infrastructure	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	In addition to increasing the domestic manufacturing of EVs and batteries through production-linked incentives (PLI) schemes, India will explore the implementation of vehicle-grid integration options, to enable planning of increased load on the electricity grid (Das & Deb, 2020; FICCI, 2020). Increasing decarbonization of the grid and establishment of off-grid renewable hybrid charging / swapping stations for batteries are planned to keep pace with increasing electric mobility. In the short to medium-term, India will also consider policies related to the management of EV-related waste, and circular economy principles for the EV sector.	In addition to increasing the domestic manufacturing of EVs and batteries through production-linked incentives (PLI) schemes, India will explore the implementation of vehicle-grid integration options, to enable planning of increased load on the electricity grid (Das & Deb, 2020; FICCI, 2020). Increasing decarbonization of the grid and establishment of off-grid renewable hybrid charging / swapping stations for batteries are planned to keep pace with increasing electric mobility. In the short to medium-term, India will also consider policies related to the management of EV-related waste, and circular economy principles for the EV sector.
5,838	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Radical new aircraft designs (e.g., the âblended wingâ concept) that could improve fuel efficiency by 25% compared to the most efficient planes today.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Currently, the options for low (or zero) carbon airplanes are extremely limited. These include, inter alia: 1. Radical new aircraft designs (e.g., the âblended wingâ concept) that could improve fuel efficiency by 25% compared to the most efficient planes today. 2. Biofuel-powered planes have been proven to be technically feasible and blending of up to 50% is now allowed for commercial use. 3. New engine designs that can cope with the low aromaticsâ composition of biofuels 4. Hydrogen powered aircraft, which however face significant technical challenges for commercial scale use to become a reality. Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) has taken up assessment of Indian industries for identifying potential technologies and imparting requisite capacity building towards low carbon development.	Currently, the options for low (or zero) carbon airplanes are extremely limited. These include, inter alia: 1. Radical new aircraft designs (e.g., the âblended wingâ concept) that could improve fuel efficiency by 25% compared to the most efficient planes today. 2. Biofuel-powered planes have been proven to be technically feasible and blending of up to 50% is now allowed for commercial use. 3. New engine designs that can cope with the low aromaticsâ composition of biofuels 4. Hydrogen powered aircraft, which however face significant technical challenges for commercial scale use to become a reality. Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) has taken up assessment of Indian industries for identifying potential technologies and imparting requisite capacity building towards low carbon development.
5,839	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Biofuel-powered planes have been proven to be technically feasible and blending of up to 50% is now allowed for commercial use.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Currently, the options for low (or zero) carbon airplanes are extremely limited. These include, inter alia: 1. Radical new aircraft designs (e.g., the âblended wingâ concept) that could improve fuel efficiency by 25% compared to the most efficient planes today. 2. Biofuel-powered planes have been proven to be technically feasible and blending of up to 50% is now allowed for commercial use. 3. New engine designs that can cope with the low aromaticsâ composition of biofuels 4. Hydrogen powered aircraft, which however face significant technical challenges for commercial scale use to become a reality. Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) has taken up assessment of Indian industries for identifying potential technologies and imparting requisite capacity building towards low carbon development.	Currently, the options for low (or zero) carbon airplanes are extremely limited. These include, inter alia: 1. Radical new aircraft designs (e.g., the âblended wingâ concept) that could improve fuel efficiency by 25% compared to the most efficient planes today. 2. Biofuel-powered planes have been proven to be technically feasible and blending of up to 50% is now allowed for commercial use. 3. New engine designs that can cope with the low aromaticsâ composition of biofuels 4. Hydrogen powered aircraft, which however face significant technical challenges for commercial scale use to become a reality. Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) has taken up assessment of Indian industries for identifying potential technologies and imparting requisite capacity building towards low carbon development.
5,840	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	New engine designs that can cope with the low aromaticsâ composition of biofuels	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Currently, the options for low (or zero) carbon airplanes are extremely limited. These include, inter alia: 1. Radical new aircraft designs (e.g., the âblended wingâ concept) that could improve fuel efficiency by 25% compared to the most efficient planes today. 2. Biofuel-powered planes have been proven to be technically feasible and blending of up to 50% is now allowed for commercial use. 3. New engine designs that can cope with the low aromaticsâ composition of biofuels 4. Hydrogen powered aircraft, which however face significant technical challenges for commercial scale use to become a reality. Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) has taken up assessment of Indian industries for identifying potential technologies and imparting requisite capacity building towards low carbon development.	Currently, the options for low (or zero) carbon airplanes are extremely limited. These include, inter alia: 1. Radical new aircraft designs (e.g., the âblended wingâ concept) that could improve fuel efficiency by 25% compared to the most efficient planes today. 2. Biofuel-powered planes have been proven to be technically feasible and blending of up to 50% is now allowed for commercial use. 3. New engine designs that can cope with the low aromaticsâ composition of biofuels 4. Hydrogen powered aircraft, which however face significant technical challenges for commercial scale use to become a reality. Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) has taken up assessment of Indian industries for identifying potential technologies and imparting requisite capacity building towards low carbon development.
5,841	mitigation	IND	India	LTS	null	Hydrogen powered aircraft, which however face significant technical challenges for commercial scale use to become a reality.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/India_LTLEDS.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/d04d8e50929faa408614dcc9f7485e6e0c0c55709211468db70a786e9983e358.pdf	en-US	Currently, the options for low (or zero) carbon airplanes are extremely limited. These include, inter alia: 1. Radical new aircraft designs (e.g., the âblended wingâ concept) that could improve fuel efficiency by 25% compared to the most efficient planes today. 2. Biofuel-powered planes have been proven to be technically feasible and blending of up to 50% is now allowed for commercial use. 3. New engine designs that can cope with the low aromaticsâ composition of biofuels 4. Hydrogen powered aircraft, which however face significant technical challenges for commercial scale use to become a reality. Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) has taken up assessment of Indian industries for identifying potential technologies and imparting requisite capacity building towards low carbon development.	Currently, the options for low (or zero) carbon airplanes are extremely limited. These include, inter alia: 1. Radical new aircraft designs (e.g., the âblended wingâ concept) that could improve fuel efficiency by 25% compared to the most efficient planes today. 2. Biofuel-powered planes have been proven to be technically feasible and blending of up to 50% is now allowed for commercial use. 3. New engine designs that can cope with the low aromaticsâ composition of biofuels 4. Hydrogen powered aircraft, which however face significant technical challenges for commercial scale use to become a reality. Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) has taken up assessment of Indian industries for identifying potential technologies and imparting requisite capacity building towards low carbon development.
5,842	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	lndmesh Updated NDC also seeks opportunities for having intemational cooperation to support the achievemenl of our conditional target of up to 41% compare to business as usual scenario. Secondly, with regards to the mandates of futicle 4 para 19 of the Paris Agreement as well as of the oec. 1lcP.21 Pal a 35, lndonesia submits the Long-term strategy on Low carbon and Climate Resilience 2050 (LT$LCCR 2G50). lndonesia is starting to pave the way in achieving a peak of year 2030 with forestry and other land uses as a leading sector as well as net-sink towards net-zero emission by taking into account the economy growth, dimde resilience and impartiality. The LTS-LCCR 2050 document reflects inseased ambilion of our NDC in 2030.	lndmesh Updated NDC also seeks opportunities for having intemational cooperation to support the achievemenl of our conditional target of up to 41% compare to business as usual scenario. Secondly, with regards to the mandates of futicle 4 para 19 of the Paris Agreement as well as of the oec. 1lcP.21 Pal a 35, lndonesia submits the Long-term strategy on Low carbon and Climate Resilience 2050 (LT$LCCR 2G50). lndonesia is starting to pave the way in achieving a peak of year 2030 with forestry and other land uses as a leading sector as well as net-sink towards net-zero emission by taking into account the economy growth, dimde resilience and impartiality. The LTS-LCCR 2050 document reflects inseased ambilion of our NDC in 2030.
5,843	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	21, Party who has submitted its INDC before joining the Paris Agreement shall be considered to have communicated its 1st NDC unless the Party decides otherwise. Indonesia decided to strengthen its INDC by enhancing clarity, transparency, and understanding both for national and international interests, and submitted to the UNFCCC Secretariat the NDC document prior to COP-22. The NDC reflects the progression beyond the earlier pledge in INDC in terms of: (a) the national Business as Usual (BAU) scenario used â BAU of NDC is slightly lower than BAU of INDC (from 2.881 GtCO2e in INDC to 2.869 GtCO2e in NDC), and (b) clarity of sectoral BAU and emission reduction target allocation, and assumption used for BAU projection and target allocation.	21, Party who has submitted its INDC before joining the Paris Agreement shall be considered to have communicated its 1st NDC unless the Party decides otherwise. Indonesia decided to strengthen its INDC by enhancing clarity, transparency, and understanding both for national and international interests, and submitted to the UNFCCC Secretariat the NDC document prior to COP-22. The NDC reflects the progression beyond the earlier pledge in INDC in terms of: (a) the national Business as Usual (BAU) scenario used â BAU of NDC is slightly lower than BAU of INDC (from 2.881 GtCO2e in INDC to 2.869 GtCO2e in NDC), and (b) clarity of sectoral BAU and emission reduction target allocation, and assumption used for BAU projection and target allocation.
5,844	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	The NDC reflects the progression beyond the earlier pledge in INDC in terms of: (a) the national Business as Usual (BAU) scenario used â BAU of NDC is slightly lower than BAU of INDC (from 2.881 GtCO2e in INDC to 2.869 GtCO2e in NDC), and (b) clarity of sectoral BAU and emission reduction target allocation, and assumption used for BAU projection and target allocation. The NDC has set an ambitious mitigation target for forest and land use and energy sectors which account for about 97% of the total national commitment. The updated NDC reflects the progression beyond the existing NDC particularly in the following standpoints: 1.	The NDC reflects the progression beyond the earlier pledge in INDC in terms of: (a) the national Business as Usual (BAU) scenario used â BAU of NDC is slightly lower than BAU of INDC (from 2.881 GtCO2e in INDC to 2.869 GtCO2e in NDC), and (b) clarity of sectoral BAU and emission reduction target allocation, and assumption used for BAU projection and target allocation. The NDC has set an ambitious mitigation target for forest and land use and energy sectors which account for about 97% of the total national commitment. The updated NDC reflects the progression beyond the existing NDC particularly in the following standpoints: 1.
5,845	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Post 2020, Indonesia envisions a progression beyond its existing commitment to emission reductions. Based on the countryâs emissions level assessment in Third National Communication (TNC), Indonesia has set unconditional reduction target of 29% and conditional reduction target up to 41% of the business as usual scenario by 2030. These targets in emission reduction are considered as an ambitious step, taking into consideration its development challenges in eradicating poverty, as well as creating a better quality of life for its citizens as stipulated by 1945 Indonesia Constitution. Indonesia will continue to intensify the efforts to reduce emissions, of which 97.2% comes from forest-and-land and energy sectors.	Post 2020, Indonesia envisions a progression beyond its existing commitment to emission reductions. Based on the countryâs emissions level assessment in Third National Communication (TNC), Indonesia has set unconditional reduction target of 29% and conditional reduction target up to 41% of the business as usual scenario by 2030. These targets in emission reduction are considered as an ambitious step, taking into consideration its development challenges in eradicating poverty, as well as creating a better quality of life for its citizens as stipulated by 1945 Indonesia Constitution. Indonesia will continue to intensify the efforts to reduce emissions, of which 97.2% comes from forest-and-land and energy sectors.
5,846	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Indonesia will continue to intensify the efforts to reduce emissions, of which 97.2% comes from forest-and-land and energy sectors. In forestry sector, Indonesia has set up an ambitious target by 2030 in peat lands restoration of 2 million ha and rehabilitation of degraded land of 12 million ha. REDD+ remains as an important component of the NDC target from land use sector. The First Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL) for REDD+ was submitted to the UNFCCC Secretariat in December 2015, covering deforestation and forest degradation and peat decomposition. The FREL was set at 0.568 GtCO2e yr.-1 (AGB), using reference period of 1990-2012 and is used as the benchmark against actual emission starting from 2013 to 2020.	Indonesia will continue to intensify the efforts to reduce emissions, of which 97.2% comes from forest-and-land and energy sectors. In forestry sector, Indonesia has set up an ambitious target by 2030 in peat lands restoration of 2 million ha and rehabilitation of degraded land of 12 million ha. REDD+ remains as an important component of the NDC target from land use sector. The First Forest Reference Emission Level (FREL) for REDD+ was submitted to the UNFCCC Secretariat in December 2015, covering deforestation and forest degradation and peat decomposition. The FREL was set at 0.568 GtCO2e yr.-1 (AGB), using reference period of 1990-2012 and is used as the benchmark against actual emission starting from 2013 to 2020.
5,847	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	The Government of Indonesia is committed to further reduce emissions from the waste management sector by 2020 and beyond, through comprehensive and coherent policy development, institutional strengthening, improved financial and funding mechanisms, technology innovation, and socio-cultural approaches. Indonesiaâs current policy on municipal waste management has been constituted by Presidential Decree Number 97/2017 on National Policy and Strategy on Solid Waste Management, which promulgated its policies, strategies, programs, and waste reduction target by 2025, as well as under the Presidential Regulation Number 35/2018 on Acceleration of Construction of Thermal Generation Facilities for Converting Waste into Electricity Energy with Environmental Sound Technology. The projected BAU and both unconditional and conditional emission reduction targets are depicted in Table 1 with more elaboration for each sector in Annex 1.III.	The Government of Indonesia is committed to further reduce emissions from the waste management sector by 2020 and beyond, through comprehensive and coherent policy development, institutional strengthening, improved financial and funding mechanisms, technology innovation, and socio-cultural approaches. Indonesiaâs current policy on municipal waste management has been constituted by Presidential Decree Number 97/2017 on National Policy and Strategy on Solid Waste Management, which promulgated its policies, strategies, programs, and waste reduction target by 2025, as well as under the Presidential Regulation Number 35/2018 on Acceleration of Construction of Thermal Generation Facilities for Converting Waste into Electricity Energy with Environmental Sound Technology. The projected BAU and both unconditional and conditional emission reduction targets are depicted in Table 1 with more elaboration for each sector in Annex 1.III.
5,848	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	QU A NT IF IA B L E I N F O R MA T IO N O N T HE R E F E R E N C E PO I NT A N D T I ME F R A M E S A ND /O R P E R I O D S F O R I M P L E M E NT AT IO N (a) Unconditional Reduction Indonesia has voluntarily committed to reduce unconditionally 26% of its greenhouse gases against the business as usual scenario by the year 2020. The above commitment is a necessary prerequisite for embarking on a more ambitious commitment to further reductions by 2030 by outlining an emission reduction plan using an evidence-based and inclusive approach.	QU A NT IF IA B L E I N F O R MA T IO N O N T HE R E F E R E N C E PO I NT A N D T I ME F R A M E S A ND /O R P E R I O D S F O R I M P L E M E NT AT IO N (a) Unconditional Reduction Indonesia has voluntarily committed to reduce unconditionally 26% of its greenhouse gases against the business as usual scenario by the year 2020. The above commitment is a necessary prerequisite for embarking on a more ambitious commitment to further reductions by 2030 by outlining an emission reduction plan using an evidence-based and inclusive approach.
5,849	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Methodology for Estimating Emissions Model for estimating emission: Dashboard AFOLU for land-based sector; ExSS (Extended Snapshot) using GAMS (General Algebraic Modelling System) and CGE (Dynamic CGE) for energy sector; Mitigation Action Road Map for Cement Industry (Ministry of Industry) for IPPU sector; First Order Decay-FOD (IPCC-2006) and existing regulation for waste sector. Coverage of Emission Reduction With the baseline and assumption used for projection and policy scenario 2020-2030, the projected BAU and emission reduction for both unconditional (CM1) and conditional (CM2) reduction, as mentioned earlier, are as in the Table 1 with more elaborated assumptions for each sector can be seen in the Annex 1. Table 1. Projected BAU and emission reduction from each sector category Sector GHG Emission Level GHG Emission Level 2030 GHG Emission Reduction Annual Average Growth BAU Average Growth MTon CO2e MTon CO2e % of Total BaU 5.	Methodology for Estimating Emissions Model for estimating emission: Dashboard AFOLU for land-based sector; ExSS (Extended Snapshot) using GAMS (General Algebraic Modelling System) and CGE (Dynamic CGE) for energy sector; Mitigation Action Road Map for Cement Industry (Ministry of Industry) for IPPU sector; First Order Decay-FOD (IPCC-2006) and existing regulation for waste sector. Coverage of Emission Reduction With the baseline and assumption used for projection and policy scenario 2020-2030, the projected BAU and emission reduction for both unconditional (CM1) and conditional (CM2) reduction, as mentioned earlier, are as in the Table 1 with more elaborated assumptions for each sector can be seen in the Annex 1. Table 1. Projected BAU and emission reduction from each sector category Sector GHG Emission Level GHG Emission Level 2030 GHG Emission Reduction Annual Average Growth BAU Average Growth MTon CO2e MTon CO2e % of Total BaU 5.
5,850	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	The key elements of the Means of Implementation -- finance, technology development and transfer, and capacity building -- are integral part of the agreement. To enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of means of implementation, finance, technology and capacity building should be coherently provided through cooperative and coordinated linkages among relevant entities. 6.1. FI N AN C E Consistent with Article 9 of the Paris Agreement, developed country parties are requested to provide financial resources to assist mitigation and adaptation in developing countries, and taking the lead in mobilizing climate finance from a variety of sources, instruments and channels. Indonesiaâs unconditional and conditional commitment in achieving quantified target of GHGs emission reduction reflects the need for domestic and international sources of finance.	The key elements of the Means of Implementation -- finance, technology development and transfer, and capacity building -- are integral part of the agreement. To enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of means of implementation, finance, technology and capacity building should be coherently provided through cooperative and coordinated linkages among relevant entities. 6.1. FI N AN C E Consistent with Article 9 of the Paris Agreement, developed country parties are requested to provide financial resources to assist mitigation and adaptation in developing countries, and taking the lead in mobilizing climate finance from a variety of sources, instruments and channels. Indonesiaâs unconditional and conditional commitment in achieving quantified target of GHGs emission reduction reflects the need for domestic and international sources of finance.
5,851	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Indonesiaâs unconditional and conditional commitment in achieving quantified target of GHGs emission reduction reflects the need for domestic and international sources of finance. National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS) reported that for the period of 2007 to 2014 Indonesia had spent a total of about USD 17.48 billion for climate change adaptation, mitigation and supporting activities. For the period of 2015 to 2019, Indonesia continue to provide funding for the implementation of climate change actions and plans, including allocating a total of USD 55.01 billion. Indonesia will continue to set aside significant national funding for the implementation of mitigation and adaptation actions for the period of 2020-2030.	Indonesiaâs unconditional and conditional commitment in achieving quantified target of GHGs emission reduction reflects the need for domestic and international sources of finance. National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS) reported that for the period of 2007 to 2014 Indonesia had spent a total of about USD 17.48 billion for climate change adaptation, mitigation and supporting activities. For the period of 2015 to 2019, Indonesia continue to provide funding for the implementation of climate change actions and plans, including allocating a total of USD 55.01 billion. Indonesia will continue to set aside significant national funding for the implementation of mitigation and adaptation actions for the period of 2020-2030.
5,852	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Existing COP decisions has provided sufficient guidance to implement and support REDD+ implementation. As policy approaches and positive incentives, REDD+ should be able to support the achievement of Indonesiaâs emission reduction target in forestry sector.Furthermore, Indonesia welcome bilateral, regional and international cooperation in the NDC implementation as recognized under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, that facilitate and expedite technology development and transfer, payment for performance, technical cooperation, and access to financial resources to support Indonesiaâs climate mitigation and adaptation efforts towards a climate resilient future. 6.2. TE C H N OLO G Y DE V E L O PM E N T A N D TRA N S F E R Indonesia acknowledges the central role of science, innovation, and technology in tackling climate change.	Existing COP decisions has provided sufficient guidance to implement and support REDD+ implementation. As policy approaches and positive incentives, REDD+ should be able to support the achievement of Indonesiaâs emission reduction target in forestry sector.Furthermore, Indonesia welcome bilateral, regional and international cooperation in the NDC implementation as recognized under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, that facilitate and expedite technology development and transfer, payment for performance, technical cooperation, and access to financial resources to support Indonesiaâs climate mitigation and adaptation efforts towards a climate resilient future. 6.2. TE C H N OLO G Y DE V E L O PM E N T A N D TRA N S F E R Indonesia acknowledges the central role of science, innovation, and technology in tackling climate change.
5,853	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_Unc	The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89% (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	(a) Unconditional Reduction (b) Conditional Reduction Indonesia in its 1st NDC committed to reduce unconditionally 29% of its greenhouse gasses emissions against the business as usual scenario by the year of 2030. The BAU scenario was projected approximately 2.869 GtCO2-eq in 2030 which was updated from the BAU scenario on the INDC along with energy policy development particularly in coal fired power plant. The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89%, compared to 29% in the 1st NDC. The commitment will be implemented through effective land use and spatial planning, sustainable forest management which include social forestry program, restoring functions of degraded ecosystems including wetland ecosystems, improved agriculture productivity, energy conservation and the promotion of clean and renewable energy sources, and improved waste management.	(a) Unconditional Reduction (b) Conditional Reduction Indonesia in its 1st NDC committed to reduce unconditionally 29% of its greenhouse gasses emissions against the business as usual scenario by the year of 2030. The BAU scenario was projected approximately 2.869 GtCO2-eq in 2030 which was updated from the BAU scenario on the INDC along with energy policy development particularly in coal fired power plant. The Enhanced NDC increases unconditional emission reduction target of 31.89%, compared to 29% in the 1st NDC. The commitment will be implemented through effective land use and spatial planning, sustainable forest management which include social forestry program, restoring functions of degraded ecosystems including wetland ecosystems, improved agriculture productivity, energy conservation and the promotion of clean and renewable energy sources, and improved waste management.
5,854	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_C	Indonesia can increase its contribution up to 43.20% reduction of emissions in 2030 conditionally (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	The BAU scenario was projected approximately 2.87 GtCO2e in 2030 which is updated from the BAU scenario on the INDC due to existing condition on energy policy development in particular in coal fired power plant. (b) Conditional Reduction Indonesia could increase its contribution up to 41% reduction of emissions by 2030, subject to availability of international support for finance, technology transfer and development and capacity building. 4.2. SC O P E AN D C O V E R A G E Type Emission reduction relative to Business As Usual (BAU) baseline. Baseline BAU scenarios of emission projection started in 2010. Scope Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ), Methane (CH4 ), Nitrous Oxide (N2 O) Coverage Nationwide with a landscape and ecosystem management approaches in both adaptation and mitigation efforts by building and strengthening sub-national jurisdictional capacity.4.3.	The BAU scenario was projected approximately 2.87 GtCO2e in 2030 which is updated from the BAU scenario on the INDC due to existing condition on energy policy development in particular in coal fired power plant. (b) Conditional Reduction Indonesia could increase its contribution up to 41% reduction of emissions by 2030, subject to availability of international support for finance, technology transfer and development and capacity building. 4.2. SC O P E AN D C O V E R A G E Type Emission reduction relative to Business As Usual (BAU) baseline. Baseline BAU scenarios of emission projection started in 2010. Scope Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ), Methane (CH4 ), Nitrous Oxide (N2 O) Coverage Nationwide with a landscape and ecosystem management approaches in both adaptation and mitigation efforts by building and strengthening sub-national jurisdictional capacity.4.3.
5,855	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Economy_C	Indonesia can increase its contribution up to 43.20% reduction of emissions in 2030 conditionally (against 2030 BAU)	T_BAU	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	The commitment will be implemented through effective land use and spatial planning, sustainable forest management which include social forestry program, restoring functions of degraded ecosystems including wetland ecosystems, improved agriculture productivity, energy conservation and the promotion of clean and renewable energy sources, and improved waste management. Indonesia can increase its contribution up to 43.20% reduction of emissions in 2030 conditionally, compared to 41% in the 1st NDC, subject to availability of international support for finance, technology transfer and development and capacity building. 4.2 . S COP E A N D COVERAG E Type Emission reduction relative to Business As Usual (BAU) baseline. Baseline BAU scenarios of emission projection started in 2010.	The commitment will be implemented through effective land use and spatial planning, sustainable forest management which include social forestry program, restoring functions of degraded ecosystems including wetland ecosystems, improved agriculture productivity, energy conservation and the promotion of clean and renewable energy sources, and improved waste management. Indonesia can increase its contribution up to 43.20% reduction of emissions in 2030 conditionally, compared to 41% in the 1st NDC, subject to availability of international support for finance, technology transfer and development and capacity building. 4.2 . S COP E A N D COVERAG E Type Emission reduction relative to Business As Usual (BAU) baseline. Baseline BAU scenarios of emission projection started in 2010.
5,856	targets	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	T_Longterm	Under the scenario compatible with 1.5 0 C goals (LCCP), greenhouse gas emissions will peak in 2030 at 1.24 GtCO2- eq of CO2- eq and then decline and continue to decline to reach 0.54 GtCO2- eq in 2050. It is expected that net zero emissions (NZE) will be achieved by 2060 or sooner.	T_FL	2050	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	Under the scenario compatible with 1.5 0C goals (LCCP), greenhouse gas emissions will peak in 2030 at 1.24 GtCO2-eq of CO2-eq and then decline and continue to decline to reach 0.54 GtCO2-eq in 2050. It is expected that net zero emissions (NZE) will be achieved by 2060 or sooner. Indonesia considers the importance of just transition of the workforce and the creation of decent work and quality jobs for an effective and inclusive transition to low greenhouse gas emission and climate resilient development. Creation of employment opportunities for this transition will be carried out in synergy with ongoing transition towards prosperous Indonesia.	Under the scenario compatible with 1.5 0C goals (LCCP), greenhouse gas emissions will peak in 2030 at 1.24 GtCO2-eq of CO2-eq and then decline and continue to decline to reach 0.54 GtCO2-eq in 2050. It is expected that net zero emissions (NZE) will be achieved by 2060 or sooner. Indonesia considers the importance of just transition of the workforce and the creation of decent work and quality jobs for an effective and inclusive transition to low greenhouse gas emission and climate resilient development. Creation of employment opportunities for this transition will be carried out in synergy with ongoing transition towards prosperous Indonesia.
5,857	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_Fuelqualimprove	Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON)	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	REVIEW AND ADJUSTMENTEnhanced Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Republic of Indonesia MITIGATION Assumptions used for projected BAU and emission reduction for all sector categories (Energy, Waste, IPPU, Agriculture, and FOLU) SECTOR: ENERGY No . Mitigation Actions 1 Renewable Energy (RE) - Additional RE in Power according to RUPTL no additional RE PP Installed RE 20,923 MW Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded utilisation of RE - Solar rooftop, PV Wilus and Hydro Wilus, Off grid RE no solar roof top program Installed RE 15,483 MW - Biofuel 400,000 KL FAME in 18 million KL FAME - Cofiring no-cofiring program Biomass utilisation - Direct Utilisation of Biomass and Biogas for off-grid power generation no-direct utilisation program 2 Energy Efficiency - Enhanced Energy Management Mandatory Oil fuel saving in 2010 will remain constant until oil fuel saving 71 million BOE Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation in energy efficiency measures - Energy Efficiency Improvement of Equipment no EE improvement program electricity saving - Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1.	remain constant until oil fuel saving 71 million BOE Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation in energy efficiency measures - Energy Efficiency Improvement of Equipment no EE improvement program electricity saving - Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1.
5,858	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_Fuelqualimprove	Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON)	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	Mitigation Actions 1 Renewable Energy (RE) - Additional RE in Power according to RUPTL no additional RE PP Installed RE 20,923 MW Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded utilisation of RE - Solar rooftop, PV Wilus and Hydro Wilus, Off grid RE no solar roof top program Installed RE 15,483 MW - Biofuel 400,000 KL FAME in 18 million KL FAME - Cofiring no-cofiring program Biomass utilisation - Direct Utilisation of Biomass and Biogas for off-grid power generation no-direct utilisation program 2 Energy Efficiency - Enhanced Energy Management Mandatory Oil fuel saving in 2010 will remain constant until oil fuel saving 71 million BOE Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation in energy efficiency measures - Energy Efficiency Improvement of Equipment no EE improvement program electricity saving - Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1. Energy Efficiency: Energy efficiency measures to be carried out by all energy consuming sectors (industry, commercial, transport, residential) through improvement of device efficiency and energy system efficiency including implementation of electric vehicle and its ecosystem.	- Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1. Energy Efficiency: Energy efficiency measures to be carried out by all energy consuming sectors (industry, commercial, transport, residential) through improvement of device efficiency and energy system efficiency including implementation of electric vehicle and its ecosystem.
5,859	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	Kerosene to LPG Conversion	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Renewable energy in electricity production: Renewable power plants to be developed includes geothermal, hydropower, solar PV, wind turbine, biomass, and biofuel. 4. Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil. 5. Additional gas distribution lines (Gas pipeline for residential and commercial sectors): Construction of additional natural gas pipeline is intended to substitute the use of kerosene for cooking in residential and commercial sectors. 6. Compressed Natural Gas consumption (CNG fuelling station): CNG consumption is intended to increase gas consumption in transportation sectorS E C T O R : A G R I C U L T U R E 1. The use of low-emission crops. No mitigation actions.	Renewable energy in electricity production: Renewable power plants to be developed includes geothermal, hydropower, solar PV, wind turbine, biomass, and biofuel. 4. Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil. 5. Additional gas distribution lines (Gas pipeline for residential and commercial sectors): Construction of additional natural gas pipeline is intended to substitute the use of kerosene for cooking in residential and commercial sectors. 6. Compressed Natural Gas consumption (CNG fuelling station): CNG consumption is intended to increase gas consumption in transportation sectorS E C T O R : A G R I C U L T U R E 1. The use of low-emission crops. No mitigation actions.
5,860	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	Kerosene to LPG Conversion	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	D. In agriculture, the emission reduction target for CM2 is lower than CM1 as the expansion of rice field outside Java is higher in CM2 than that of CM1 as part of effort to make Indonesia becoming rice exporting countries by 2030. In CM1, the production target is only to maintain self-rice sufficiency. In addition, the rice field conversion in Java is also minimized yielding much higher rice field area in CM2 than that of CM1 and BAU. Thus, the level of CH4 emission from rice cultivation in CM2 is much higher than that of CM1.	D. In agriculture, the emission reduction target for CM2 is lower than CM1 as the expansion of rice field outside Java is higher in CM2 than that of CM1 as part of effort to make Indonesia becoming rice exporting countries by 2030. In CM1, the production target is only to maintain self-rice sufficiency. In addition, the rice field conversion in Java is also minimized yielding much higher rice field area in CM2 than that of CM1 and BAU. Thus, the level of CH4 emission from rice cultivation in CM2 is much higher than that of CM1.
5,861	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	Kerosene to LPG Conversion	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Assumption for annual growth rate of natural forest: 1. Annual growth rate of plants in ton C/ha/year for natural forest was calculated based on the diameter growth in m3/ha/year with conversion factor of: a. Biomass Expansion Factor (BEF): 1.4 b. Wood density for natural forest: 0.7 t/ m3 2. The estimated annual growth rate of natural forest based on the above assumption is 0.3 tC/ha/year to 0.33, representing the BAU rate. Under the CM1 and CM2, the rate is increased to 0.53 tC/ha/year and 0.71 tC/ha respectively.3. The estimated growth rate for natural forest is lower than other published articles and also IPCC default ranged from 1 tC/ha/year and 3.5 tC/ha/year for logged forest >20 years and <20 years respectively.	Assumption for annual growth rate of natural forest: 1. Annual growth rate of plants in ton C/ha/year for natural forest was calculated based on the diameter growth in m3/ha/year with conversion factor of: a. Biomass Expansion Factor (BEF): 1.4 b. Wood density for natural forest: 0.7 t/ m3 2. The estimated annual growth rate of natural forest based on the above assumption is 0.3 tC/ha/year to 0.33, representing the BAU rate. Under the CM1 and CM2, the rate is increased to 0.53 tC/ha/year and 0.71 tC/ha respectively.3. The estimated growth rate for natural forest is lower than other published articles and also IPCC default ranged from 1 tC/ha/year and 3.5 tC/ha/year for logged forest >20 years and <20 years respectively.
5,862	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	Kerosene to LPG Conversion	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	x Integrating watershed management into Local Spatial Planning Reduction of deforestation and forest degradation x Mainstreaming/Integrati ng climate change adaptation in forest management to support mitigation actions and enhancement of economic resilience of communities living in/surrounding forests. x Development and implementation of environmentally friendly technologies (EFT) in production forest management. x Strengthening implementation of deforestation reduction efforts, x Sustainable utilization of non- wood products by local and adat communities. x Identification, development and implementation of best practices and local wisdom in utilization of natural forest resources. x Creating enabling environment for EFT. x Facilitate, oversight, enforcement and compliance on the implementation of EFT. Potential co-benefit to mitigation in AFOLU Land conservation x Avoiding conversion of productive lands for other uses. x Development and implementation of climate adaptive technologies to support sustainable land management practices. x Integrated rehabilitation of degraded land and soil and water conservation. x Facilitate, oversight, enforcement and compliance to spatial plan.	x Integrating watershed management into Local Spatial Planning Reduction of deforestation and forest degradation x Mainstreaming/Integrati ng climate change adaptation in forest management to support mitigation actions and enhancement of economic resilience of communities living in/surrounding forests. x Development and implementation of environmentally friendly technologies (EFT) in production forest management. x Strengthening implementation of deforestation reduction efforts, x Sustainable utilization of non- wood products by local and adat communities. x Identification, development and implementation of best practices and local wisdom in utilization of natural forest resources. x Creating enabling environment for EFT. x Facilitate, oversight, enforcement and compliance on the implementation of EFT. Potential co-benefit to mitigation in AFOLU Land conservation x Avoiding conversion of productive lands for other uses. x Development and implementation of climate adaptive technologies to support sustainable land management practices. x Integrated rehabilitation of degraded land and soil and water conservation. x Facilitate, oversight, enforcement and compliance to spatial plan.
5,863	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	Kerosene to LPG Conversion	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	REVIEW AND ADJUSTMENTEnhanced Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Republic of Indonesia MITIGATION Assumptions used for projected BAU and emission reduction for all sector categories (Energy, Waste, IPPU, Agriculture, and FOLU) SECTOR: ENERGY No . Mitigation Actions 1 Renewable Energy (RE) - Additional RE in Power according to RUPTL no additional RE PP Installed RE 20,923 MW Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded utilisation of RE - Solar rooftop, PV Wilus and Hydro Wilus, Off grid RE no solar roof top program Installed RE 15,483 MW - Biofuel 400,000 KL FAME in 18 million KL FAME - Cofiring no-cofiring program Biomass utilisation - Direct Utilisation of Biomass and Biogas for off-grid power generation no-direct utilisation program 2 Energy Efficiency - Enhanced Energy Management Mandatory Oil fuel saving in 2010 will remain constant until oil fuel saving 71 million BOE Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation in energy efficiency measures - Energy Efficiency Improvement of Equipment no EE improvement program electricity saving - Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1.	remain constant until oil fuel saving 71 million BOE Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation in energy efficiency measures - Energy Efficiency Improvement of Equipment no EE improvement program electricity saving - Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1.
5,864	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	Kerosene to LPG Conversion	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	Mitigation Actions 1 Renewable Energy (RE) - Additional RE in Power according to RUPTL no additional RE PP Installed RE 20,923 MW Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded utilisation of RE - Solar rooftop, PV Wilus and Hydro Wilus, Off grid RE no solar roof top program Installed RE 15,483 MW - Biofuel 400,000 KL FAME in 18 million KL FAME - Cofiring no-cofiring program Biomass utilisation - Direct Utilisation of Biomass and Biogas for off-grid power generation no-direct utilisation program 2 Energy Efficiency - Enhanced Energy Management Mandatory Oil fuel saving in 2010 will remain constant until oil fuel saving 71 million BOE Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation in energy efficiency measures - Energy Efficiency Improvement of Equipment no EE improvement program electricity saving - Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1. Energy Efficiency: Energy efficiency measures to be carried out by all energy consuming sectors (industry, commercial, transport, residential) through improvement of device efficiency and energy system efficiency including implementation of electric vehicle and its ecosystem.	- Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1. Energy Efficiency: Energy efficiency measures to be carried out by all energy consuming sectors (industry, commercial, transport, residential) through improvement of device efficiency and energy system efficiency including implementation of electric vehicle and its ecosystem.
5,865	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	In the second term of President Joko Widodo administration, the goal of achieving a prosperous Indonesia has been defined. The RPJMN 2020-2024 is directed to transform Indonesia to a high middle class income country with a fair and sustainable development through following seven agenda : (a) Enhancing economic resilience for quality growth, (b) Strengthening regional development to address inequality among regions, (c) Enhancing human resource quality and competitiveness, (d) Building nation values and character of citizens, (e) Advancing infrastructure to support economic development and provision of basic services, (f) Enhancing the environment and resilience to natural disaster and climate change impacts, and (g) Strengthening stability in politic, law, national security and defence and public service transformation.	In the second term of President Joko Widodo administration, the goal of achieving a prosperous Indonesia has been defined. The RPJMN 2020-2024 is directed to transform Indonesia to a high middle class income country with a fair and sustainable development through following seven agenda : (a) Enhancing economic resilience for quality growth, (b) Strengthening regional development to address inequality among regions, (c) Enhancing human resource quality and competitiveness, (d) Building nation values and character of citizens, (e) Advancing infrastructure to support economic development and provision of basic services, (f) Enhancing the environment and resilience to natural disaster and climate change impacts, and (g) Strengthening stability in politic, law, national security and defence and public service transformation.
5,866	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	The RPJMN 2020-2024 is directed to transform Indonesia to a high middle class income country with a fair and sustainable development through following seven agenda : (a) Enhancing economic resilience for quality growth, (b) Strengthening regional development to address inequality among regions, (c) Enhancing human resource quality and competitiveness, (d) Building nation values and character of citizens, (e) Advancing infrastructure to support economic development and provision of basic services, (f) Enhancing the environment and resilience to natural disaster and climate change impacts, and (g) Strengthening stability in politic, law, national security and defence and public service transformation. Indonesia is recognized its role to play in combatting global climate change in view of its extensive tropical rainforests with high biodiversity, high carbon stock values, as well as energy and mineral resources.	The RPJMN 2020-2024 is directed to transform Indonesia to a high middle class income country with a fair and sustainable development through following seven agenda : (a) Enhancing economic resilience for quality growth, (b) Strengthening regional development to address inequality among regions, (c) Enhancing human resource quality and competitiveness, (d) Building nation values and character of citizens, (e) Advancing infrastructure to support economic development and provision of basic services, (f) Enhancing the environment and resilience to natural disaster and climate change impacts, and (g) Strengthening stability in politic, law, national security and defence and public service transformation. Indonesia is recognized its role to play in combatting global climate change in view of its extensive tropical rainforests with high biodiversity, high carbon stock values, as well as energy and mineral resources.
5,867	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Hence, the LTS will play a central role in aligning the climate goals and targets with national, sub- national and international objectives including sustainable development goals (SDGs), engaging non-party stakeholders, enhancing opportunities for innovation, and enabling communities to earn the benefits of early actions. The LTS will strengthen the vision of One Hundred Years Indonesia (Visi Indonesia 2045) towards prosperous Indonesia based on its four following pillars: (a) human resource development and science and technology advancement, (b) sustainable economic development, (c) equitable development, and (d) strengthening national resilience and public sector governance. âVisi Indonesia 2045â has ambitious target on poverty reduction, human resource development, economic and social transformation.	Hence, the LTS will play a central role in aligning the climate goals and targets with national, sub- national and international objectives including sustainable development goals (SDGs), engaging non-party stakeholders, enhancing opportunities for innovation, and enabling communities to earn the benefits of early actions. The LTS will strengthen the vision of One Hundred Years Indonesia (Visi Indonesia 2045) towards prosperous Indonesia based on its four following pillars: (a) human resource development and science and technology advancement, (b) sustainable economic development, (c) equitable development, and (d) strengthening national resilience and public sector governance. âVisi Indonesia 2045â has ambitious target on poverty reduction, human resource development, economic and social transformation.
5,868	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	79/2014 on National Energy Policy, set out the ambition to transform, by 2025 and 2050, the primary energy supply mix with shares as follows: a) new and renewable energy at least 23% in 2025 and at least 31% in 2050; b) oil should be less than 25% in 2025 and less than 20% in 2050; c) coal should be minimum 30% in 2025 and minimum 25% in 2050; and d) gas should be minimum 22% in 2025 and minimum 24% in 2050.As the 14th largest economy, Indonesia is one of the pioneer countries for fossil fuel subsidy reform policy. It has succeeded in removing fossil fuel subsidies to create fiscal space for education, health, social assistance and infrastructure, including renewable energy projects and public transports.	79/2014 on National Energy Policy, set out the ambition to transform, by 2025 and 2050, the primary energy supply mix with shares as follows: a) new and renewable energy at least 23% in 2025 and at least 31% in 2050; b) oil should be less than 25% in 2025 and less than 20% in 2050; c) coal should be minimum 30% in 2025 and minimum 25% in 2050; and d) gas should be minimum 22% in 2025 and minimum 24% in 2050.As the 14th largest economy, Indonesia is one of the pioneer countries for fossil fuel subsidy reform policy. It has succeeded in removing fossil fuel subsidies to create fiscal space for education, health, social assistance and infrastructure, including renewable energy projects and public transports.
5,869	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	It has succeeded in removing fossil fuel subsidies to create fiscal space for education, health, social assistance and infrastructure, including renewable energy projects and public transports. Indonesia has stipulated a national mandatory biodiesel policy of B20 and enhance it to B30 in 2020 â ten-years earlier than 1st NDC target. Another direct command from President Joko Widodo to reduce the imported oil as well as to enhance domestic oil production by constructing additional oil refineries, will be a new shift for Indonesia as part of national goals on âVisi Indonesia 2045â. Moving forward, Indonesia is developing green refineries to produce various drop-in green fuels from bio-resources and partly mixed with existing fuels in order to increase biofuel content and reduce fossil fuel consumption.	It has succeeded in removing fossil fuel subsidies to create fiscal space for education, health, social assistance and infrastructure, including renewable energy projects and public transports. Indonesia has stipulated a national mandatory biodiesel policy of B20 and enhance it to B30 in 2020 â ten-years earlier than 1st NDC target. Another direct command from President Joko Widodo to reduce the imported oil as well as to enhance domestic oil production by constructing additional oil refineries, will be a new shift for Indonesia as part of national goals on âVisi Indonesia 2045â. Moving forward, Indonesia is developing green refineries to produce various drop-in green fuels from bio-resources and partly mixed with existing fuels in order to increase biofuel content and reduce fossil fuel consumption.
5,870	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	The GOI has made significant efforts towards developing and implementing a National Action Plan on Climate Change Adaptation which provides a framework for adaptation initiatives that has been mainstreamed into the National Development Plan. The GOI will continue to implement enhanced actions to study and map regional vulnerabilities as the basis data for adaptation information system, and to strengthen institutional capacity and promulgation of climate change sensitive policies and regulations. Development of nationwide climate vulnerability index data information system, built on the existing system known as SIDIK (Vulnerability Index Data Information System), which allows public access to the information in the online system, will be strengthened. Likewise, the implementation of Ministerial Regulation No.	The GOI has made significant efforts towards developing and implementing a National Action Plan on Climate Change Adaptation which provides a framework for adaptation initiatives that has been mainstreamed into the National Development Plan. The GOI will continue to implement enhanced actions to study and map regional vulnerabilities as the basis data for adaptation information system, and to strengthen institutional capacity and promulgation of climate change sensitive policies and regulations. Development of nationwide climate vulnerability index data information system, built on the existing system known as SIDIK (Vulnerability Index Data Information System), which allows public access to the information in the online system, will be strengthened. Likewise, the implementation of Ministerial Regulation No.
5,871	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	The National Registry System (SRN) was established in 2016 as a web-based system for managing data and information on mitigation, adaptation, and means of implementation (finance, capacity building, and technology transfer and development). Public access through website allows stakeholders to obtain data and information on mitigation, adaptation, and means of implementation registered in the system. In general SRN has the following functions: (a) registration of mitigation and adaptation actions, achievement and resources to support actions (finance, capacity, technology); (b) provision of information for awarding government recognition to mitigation and adaptation contribution of various actors; (c) provision of public access to data and information on actions and resources; (d) data base management to support policy analysis and formulation; and (e) avoiding double counting of achievement.	The National Registry System (SRN) was established in 2016 as a web-based system for managing data and information on mitigation, adaptation, and means of implementation (finance, capacity building, and technology transfer and development). Public access through website allows stakeholders to obtain data and information on mitigation, adaptation, and means of implementation registered in the system. In general SRN has the following functions: (a) registration of mitigation and adaptation actions, achievement and resources to support actions (finance, capacity, technology); (b) provision of information for awarding government recognition to mitigation and adaptation contribution of various actors; (c) provision of public access to data and information on actions and resources; (d) data base management to support policy analysis and formulation; and (e) avoiding double counting of achievement.
5,872	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	In general SRN has the following functions: (a) registration of mitigation and adaptation actions, achievement and resources to support actions (finance, capacity, technology); (b) provision of information for awarding government recognition to mitigation and adaptation contribution of various actors; (c) provision of public access to data and information on actions and resources; (d) data base management to support policy analysis and formulation; and (e) avoiding double counting of achievement. For about three years since its establishment, the SRN management has been focussed on: a) development of web-based infrastructure both hardware and software, including back up system and data centre to maintain the full time setting of the system.	In general SRN has the following functions: (a) registration of mitigation and adaptation actions, achievement and resources to support actions (finance, capacity, technology); (b) provision of information for awarding government recognition to mitigation and adaptation contribution of various actors; (c) provision of public access to data and information on actions and resources; (d) data base management to support policy analysis and formulation; and (e) avoiding double counting of achievement. For about three years since its establishment, the SRN management has been focussed on: a) development of web-based infrastructure both hardware and software, including back up system and data centre to maintain the full time setting of the system.
5,873	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	In order to strengthen climate financing, Indonesia has established a national agency for environmental fund management (Id. Badan Pengelola Dana Lingkungan Hidup/BPDLH). BPDLH is mandated to manage and mobilize finance for environment and allowed to mobilize climate finance from various sources both national and international sources, private and public sources, bilateral and multilateral channels. Since its establishment in October 2019, BPDLH has managed reforestation fund from domestic sources (forest levy paid by private sectors) and initiated REDD+ result- based payment from international sources. A specific climate financing instrument âCarbon Pricingâ is also under preparation, which will open opportunity to mobilize climate finance from both international and domestic sources and to incentivise stakeholdersâ contribution to NDC achievement.	In order to strengthen climate financing, Indonesia has established a national agency for environmental fund management (Id. Badan Pengelola Dana Lingkungan Hidup/BPDLH). BPDLH is mandated to manage and mobilize finance for environment and allowed to mobilize climate finance from various sources both national and international sources, private and public sources, bilateral and multilateral channels. Since its establishment in October 2019, BPDLH has managed reforestation fund from domestic sources (forest levy paid by private sectors) and initiated REDD+ result- based payment from international sources. A specific climate financing instrument âCarbon Pricingâ is also under preparation, which will open opportunity to mobilize climate finance from both international and domestic sources and to incentivise stakeholdersâ contribution to NDC achievement.
5,874	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Two interrelated instruments of capacity building will be used to support NDC implementation. The first instrument (General Instrument) will focus on integrating climate change into the national system on education, training, and other forms of capacity building, while the second instrument (Technical Instrument) will focus on capacity building programmes for various actors in mitigation and adaptation. The General Instrument covers, inter alia, the following efforts: a) Increase public awareness through outreach and campaign. b) Improve provision of information accessible for public with different level of knowledge on climate change. c) Enhance stakeholder engagement in climate policy formulation and actions. d) Enhance collaboration and network at the local, national and international levels.	Two interrelated instruments of capacity building will be used to support NDC implementation. The first instrument (General Instrument) will focus on integrating climate change into the national system on education, training, and other forms of capacity building, while the second instrument (Technical Instrument) will focus on capacity building programmes for various actors in mitigation and adaptation. The General Instrument covers, inter alia, the following efforts: a) Increase public awareness through outreach and campaign. b) Improve provision of information accessible for public with different level of knowledge on climate change. c) Enhance stakeholder engagement in climate policy formulation and actions. d) Enhance collaboration and network at the local, national and international levels.
5,875	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Renewable energy in electricity production: Renewable power plants to be developed includes geothermal, hydropower, solar PV, wind turbine, biomass, and biofuel. 4. Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil. 5. Additional gas distribution lines (Gas pipeline for residential and commercial sectors): Construction of additional natural gas pipeline is intended to substitute the use of kerosene for cooking in residential and commercial sectors. 6. Compressed Natural Gas consumption (CNG fuelling station): CNG consumption is intended to increase gas consumption in transportation sectorS E C T O R : A G R I C U L T U R E 1. The use of low-emission crops. No mitigation actions.	Renewable energy in electricity production: Renewable power plants to be developed includes geothermal, hydropower, solar PV, wind turbine, biomass, and biofuel. 4. Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil. 5. Additional gas distribution lines (Gas pipeline for residential and commercial sectors): Construction of additional natural gas pipeline is intended to substitute the use of kerosene for cooking in residential and commercial sectors. 6. Compressed Natural Gas consumption (CNG fuelling station): CNG consumption is intended to increase gas consumption in transportation sectorS E C T O R : A G R I C U L T U R E 1. The use of low-emission crops. No mitigation actions.
5,876	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	x Awareness campaign on the important role of forest and forest areas in ecosystem resilience. x Facilitate, oversight and compliance to sustainable principles applied to each scheme of social forestry x Creating enabling environment for EFT. x Identification, development and implementation of best practices applicable for social forestry Potential synergy with CBD and UNCCD Coastal zone protection x Mainstreaming adaptation into policies and programmes on coastal zone and ocean. x Development of climate resilient coastal zone. x Implementation of ecosystem- based adaptation in coastal zone development. x Implementation of integrated management of mangrove ecosystem. x Enhance coastal zone and ocean pollution control, including marine litter and plastic debris. x Increase communication, Education and Public Awareness (CEPA)on the important role of coastal ecosystem protection in natural disaster impact reduction x Restoration of degraded coastal zone as essential ecosystem. x Improve livelihood of communities living in or depending on coastal areas.	x Awareness campaign on the important role of forest and forest areas in ecosystem resilience. x Facilitate, oversight and compliance to sustainable principles applied to each scheme of social forestry x Creating enabling environment for EFT. x Identification, development and implementation of best practices applicable for social forestry Potential synergy with CBD and UNCCD Coastal zone protection x Mainstreaming adaptation into policies and programmes on coastal zone and ocean. x Development of climate resilient coastal zone. x Implementation of ecosystem- based adaptation in coastal zone development. x Implementation of integrated management of mangrove ecosystem. x Enhance coastal zone and ocean pollution control, including marine litter and plastic debris. x Increase communication, Education and Public Awareness (CEPA)on the important role of coastal ecosystem protection in natural disaster impact reduction x Restoration of degraded coastal zone as essential ecosystem. x Improve livelihood of communities living in or depending on coastal areas.
5,877	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	REVIEW AND ADJUSTMENTEnhanced Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Republic of Indonesia MITIGATION Assumptions used for projected BAU and emission reduction for all sector categories (Energy, Waste, IPPU, Agriculture, and FOLU) SECTOR: ENERGY No . Mitigation Actions 1 Renewable Energy (RE) - Additional RE in Power according to RUPTL no additional RE PP Installed RE 20,923 MW Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded utilisation of RE - Solar rooftop, PV Wilus and Hydro Wilus, Off grid RE no solar roof top program Installed RE 15,483 MW - Biofuel 400,000 KL FAME in 18 million KL FAME - Cofiring no-cofiring program Biomass utilisation - Direct Utilisation of Biomass and Biogas for off-grid power generation no-direct utilisation program 2 Energy Efficiency - Enhanced Energy Management Mandatory Oil fuel saving in 2010 will remain constant until oil fuel saving 71 million BOE Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation in energy efficiency measures - Energy Efficiency Improvement of Equipment no EE improvement program electricity saving - Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1.	remain constant until oil fuel saving 71 million BOE Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation in energy efficiency measures - Energy Efficiency Improvement of Equipment no EE improvement program electricity saving - Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1.
5,878	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_LPGCNGLNG	CNG for public transport	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	Mitigation Actions 1 Renewable Energy (RE) - Additional RE in Power according to RUPTL no additional RE PP Installed RE 20,923 MW Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded utilisation of RE - Solar rooftop, PV Wilus and Hydro Wilus, Off grid RE no solar roof top program Installed RE 15,483 MW - Biofuel 400,000 KL FAME in 18 million KL FAME - Cofiring no-cofiring program Biomass utilisation - Direct Utilisation of Biomass and Biogas for off-grid power generation no-direct utilisation program 2 Energy Efficiency - Enhanced Energy Management Mandatory Oil fuel saving in 2010 will remain constant until oil fuel saving 71 million BOE Similar actions with CM1 but with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation in energy efficiency measures - Energy Efficiency Improvement of Equipment no EE improvement program electricity saving - Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1. Energy Efficiency: Energy efficiency measures to be carried out by all energy consuming sectors (industry, commercial, transport, residential) through improvement of device efficiency and energy system efficiency including implementation of electric vehicle and its ecosystem.	- Electric Vehicle (EV) no EV Program 15,197,000 units - Street lighting with efficient lamp no EE program for street lighting energy saving 1,31 million BOE - Induction Electric Stove no induction electric stove program 3 Low Carbon Emitting Fuels - Oil Fuel Switching (from RON 88 to Higher RON) No Oil Fuel Switching Program since 2010 4,050,000 KL Similar actions with CM1, with further enhanced/ expanded mitigation through use of low carbon emitting fuels - Kerosene to LPG Conversion Kerosene Use in 2010 8,247,000 Ton - CNG for public transport No additional CNG for public transport program - Gas Pipeline Network Expansion No Additional Expansion Program Since 2010 connections 4 Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant No Additional Clean Coal Technology and Gas Power Plant Since 27,487 MW Further enhanced/ expanded clean coal and gas power plant 5 Post Mine Reclamation No Additional Post Mine Reclamation Since 2010 81,069 Ha Further expansion of post mine reclamation Note: *Wilus = electricity business regionNotes: 1. Energy Efficiency: Energy efficiency measures to be carried out by all energy consuming sectors (industry, commercial, transport, residential) through improvement of device efficiency and energy system efficiency including implementation of electric vehicle and its ecosystem.
5,879	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_Biofuel	Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Renewable energy in electricity production: Renewable power plants to be developed includes geothermal, hydropower, solar PV, wind turbine, biomass, and biofuel. 4. Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil. 5. Additional gas distribution lines (Gas pipeline for residential and commercial sectors): Construction of additional natural gas pipeline is intended to substitute the use of kerosene for cooking in residential and commercial sectors. 6. Compressed Natural Gas consumption (CNG fuelling station): CNG consumption is intended to increase gas consumption in transportation sectorS E C T O R : A G R I C U L T U R E 1. The use of low-emission crops. No mitigation actions.	Renewable energy in electricity production: Renewable power plants to be developed includes geothermal, hydropower, solar PV, wind turbine, biomass, and biofuel. 4. Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil. 5. Additional gas distribution lines (Gas pipeline for residential and commercial sectors): Construction of additional natural gas pipeline is intended to substitute the use of kerosene for cooking in residential and commercial sectors. 6. Compressed Natural Gas consumption (CNG fuelling station): CNG consumption is intended to increase gas consumption in transportation sectorS E C T O R : A G R I C U L T U R E 1. The use of low-emission crops. No mitigation actions.
5,880	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_Biofuel	Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	Energy Efficiency: Energy efficiency measures to be carried out by all energy consuming sectors (industry, commercial, transport, residential) through improvement of device efficiency and energy system efficiency including implementation of electric vehicle and its ecosystem. 2. Implementation of clean coal technologies in power plants: Clean coal technologies such as supercritical and ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plants and other technologies that will be implemented after they are commercially available. 3. Renewable energy in electricity production: Renewable power plants to be developed includes geothermal, hydropower, solar PV, wind turbine, biomass, and biofuel. Solar rooftop in residential, commercial and industry sectors 4. Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil. 5.	Energy Efficiency: Energy efficiency measures to be carried out by all energy consuming sectors (industry, commercial, transport, residential) through improvement of device efficiency and energy system efficiency including implementation of electric vehicle and its ecosystem. 2. Implementation of clean coal technologies in power plants: Clean coal technologies such as supercritical and ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plants and other technologies that will be implemented after they are commercially available. 3. Renewable energy in electricity production: Renewable power plants to be developed includes geothermal, hydropower, solar PV, wind turbine, biomass, and biofuel. Solar rooftop in residential, commercial and industry sectors 4. Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil. 5.
5,881	mitigation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	I_Biofuel	Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil. 5. Additional gas distribution lines (Gas pipeline for residential and commercial sectors): Construction of additional natural gas pipeline is intended to substitute the use of kerosene for cooking in residential and commercial sectors. 6. Compressed Natural Gas consumption (CNG fuelling station): CNG consumption is intended to increase gas consumption in transportation sectorSECTOR : A G R I C U L T U R E 1. The use of low- emission crops. No mitigation actions. Total use of land for low emission crops up to 902,000 hectares in 2030. Total use of land for low emission crops up to 932,000 hectares in 2030. 2. Implementation of water-efficient concept in water management. No mitigation actions.	Implementation of biofuel in transportation sector: The main feedstock for the biofuel production will be palm oil. 5. Additional gas distribution lines (Gas pipeline for residential and commercial sectors): Construction of additional natural gas pipeline is intended to substitute the use of kerosene for cooking in residential and commercial sectors. 6. Compressed Natural Gas consumption (CNG fuelling station): CNG consumption is intended to increase gas consumption in transportation sectorSECTOR : A G R I C U L T U R E 1. The use of low- emission crops. No mitigation actions. Total use of land for low emission crops up to 902,000 hectares in 2030. Total use of land for low emission crops up to 932,000 hectares in 2030. 2. Implementation of water-efficient concept in water management. No mitigation actions.
5,882	adaptation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	R_Planning	Integrating adaptation in infrastructure development and maintenance	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	x Development and utilization of information system and data provision on vulnerability, risks, and impacts of climate change. x Strengthening Information System on vulnerability index (Id. Sistem Informasi Data Indeks Kerentanan/ SIDIK) x Integration SIDIK with other related systems regarding vulnerability, risk and impacts of climate change Potential synergy with SFDRR and UNCCD Improvement of human settlements, provision of basic services, and climate resilient infrastructure development. x Mainstreaming adaptation into spatial planning and strengthening compliance in the implementation of spatial plan. x Integrating adaptation in infrastructure development and maintenance. x Climate awareness campaign, standard enforcement and oversight in human settlement development, including building and environmental health. x Increase compliance to carrying capacity related regulations in infrastructure development. x Improve water resource management including soil water, measures to deal with disaster emergency. Potential synergy with SFDRR Conflict prevention and resolution. x Strengthening coordination and communication in policy formulation and implementation.	x Development and utilization of information system and data provision on vulnerability, risks, and impacts of climate change. x Strengthening Information System on vulnerability index (Id. Sistem Informasi Data Indeks Kerentanan/ SIDIK) x Integration SIDIK with other related systems regarding vulnerability, risk and impacts of climate change Potential synergy with SFDRR and UNCCD Improvement of human settlements, provision of basic services, and climate resilient infrastructure development. x Mainstreaming adaptation into spatial planning and strengthening compliance in the implementation of spatial plan. x Integrating adaptation in infrastructure development and maintenance. x Climate awareness campaign, standard enforcement and oversight in human settlement development, including building and environmental health. x Increase compliance to carrying capacity related regulations in infrastructure development. x Improve water resource management including soil water, measures to deal with disaster emergency. Potential synergy with SFDRR Conflict prevention and resolution. x Strengthening coordination and communication in policy formulation and implementation.
5,883	adaptation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	R_Planning	Integrating adaptation in infrastructure development and maintenance	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	Identification of highly vulnerable areas in local spatial and land use planning efforts. â¢ Development and utilisation of information system and data provision on vulnerability, risks, and impacts of climate change. â¢ Strengthening Information System on vulnerability index (Id. Sistem Informasi Data Indeks Kerentanan/ SIDIK) â¢ Integration SIDIK with other related systems regarding vulnerability , risk and impacts of climate change Ecosystem, disaster Ecosystem, disaster Potential synergy with Sendai Framewo rk DRR and UNCCD 5. Improvement of human settlements, provision of basic services, and climate resilient infrastructure development. â¢ Mainstreaming adaptation into spatial planning and strengthening compliance in the implementation of spatial plan. â¢ Integrating adaptation in infrastructure development and maintenance. â¢ Climate awareness campaign, standard enforcement and oversight in human settlement development, including building and environmental health. â¢ Increase compliance to carrying capacity related regulations in infrastructure development. â¢ Improve water resource management including soil water, measures to deal with disaster emergency. Health, ecosystem, disaster Energy, disaster Water, ecosystem Potential synergy with SFDRR prevention and resolution. â¢ Strengthening coordination and communication in policy formulation and implementation. â¢ Implementation of complain and redress mechanisms.	Identification of highly vulnerable areas in local spatial and land use planning efforts. â¢ Development and utilisation of information system and data provision on vulnerability, risks, and impacts of climate change. â¢ Strengthening Information System on vulnerability index (Id. Sistem Informasi Data Indeks Kerentanan/ SIDIK) â¢ Integration SIDIK with other related systems regarding vulnerability , risk and impacts of climate change Ecosystem, disaster Ecosystem, disaster Potential synergy with Sendai Framewo rk DRR and UNCCD 5. Improvement of human settlements, provision of basic services, and climate resilient infrastructure development. â¢ Mainstreaming adaptation into spatial planning and strengthening compliance in the implementation of spatial plan. â¢ Integrating adaptation in infrastructure development and maintenance. â¢ Climate awareness campaign, standard enforcement and oversight in human settlement development, including building and environmental health. â¢ Increase compliance to carrying capacity related regulations in infrastructure development. â¢ Improve water resource management including soil water, measures to deal with disaster emergency. Health, ecosystem, disaster Energy, disaster Water, ecosystem Potential synergy with SFDRR prevention and resolution. â¢ Strengthening coordination and communication in policy formulation and implementation. â¢ Implementation of complain and redress mechanisms.
5,884	adaptation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	R_Education	Increase compliance to carrying capacity related regulations in infrastructure development	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	x Development and utilization of information system and data provision on vulnerability, risks, and impacts of climate change. x Strengthening Information System on vulnerability index (Id. Sistem Informasi Data Indeks Kerentanan/ SIDIK) x Integration SIDIK with other related systems regarding vulnerability, risk and impacts of climate change Potential synergy with SFDRR and UNCCD Improvement of human settlements, provision of basic services, and climate resilient infrastructure development. x Mainstreaming adaptation into spatial planning and strengthening compliance in the implementation of spatial plan. x Integrating adaptation in infrastructure development and maintenance. x Climate awareness campaign, standard enforcement and oversight in human settlement development, including building and environmental health. x Increase compliance to carrying capacity related regulations in infrastructure development. x Improve water resource management including soil water, measures to deal with disaster emergency. Potential synergy with SFDRR Conflict prevention and resolution. x Strengthening coordination and communication in policy formulation and implementation.	x Development and utilization of information system and data provision on vulnerability, risks, and impacts of climate change. x Strengthening Information System on vulnerability index (Id. Sistem Informasi Data Indeks Kerentanan/ SIDIK) x Integration SIDIK with other related systems regarding vulnerability, risk and impacts of climate change Potential synergy with SFDRR and UNCCD Improvement of human settlements, provision of basic services, and climate resilient infrastructure development. x Mainstreaming adaptation into spatial planning and strengthening compliance in the implementation of spatial plan. x Integrating adaptation in infrastructure development and maintenance. x Climate awareness campaign, standard enforcement and oversight in human settlement development, including building and environmental health. x Increase compliance to carrying capacity related regulations in infrastructure development. x Improve water resource management including soil water, measures to deal with disaster emergency. Potential synergy with SFDRR Conflict prevention and resolution. x Strengthening coordination and communication in policy formulation and implementation.
5,885	adaptation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	R_Education	Increase compliance to carrying capacity related regulations in infrastructure development	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	Identification of highly vulnerable areas in local spatial and land use planning efforts. â¢ Development and utilisation of information system and data provision on vulnerability, risks, and impacts of climate change. â¢ Strengthening Information System on vulnerability index (Id. Sistem Informasi Data Indeks Kerentanan/ SIDIK) â¢ Integration SIDIK with other related systems regarding vulnerability , risk and impacts of climate change Ecosystem, disaster Ecosystem, disaster Potential synergy with Sendai Framewo rk DRR and UNCCD 5. Improvement of human settlements, provision of basic services, and climate resilient infrastructure development. â¢ Mainstreaming adaptation into spatial planning and strengthening compliance in the implementation of spatial plan. â¢ Integrating adaptation in infrastructure development and maintenance. â¢ Climate awareness campaign, standard enforcement and oversight in human settlement development, including building and environmental health. â¢ Increase compliance to carrying capacity related regulations in infrastructure development. â¢ Improve water resource management including soil water, measures to deal with disaster emergency. Health, ecosystem, disaster Energy, disaster Water, ecosystem Potential synergy with SFDRR prevention and resolution. â¢ Strengthening coordination and communication in policy formulation and implementation. â¢ Implementation of complain and redress mechanisms.	Identification of highly vulnerable areas in local spatial and land use planning efforts. â¢ Development and utilisation of information system and data provision on vulnerability, risks, and impacts of climate change. â¢ Strengthening Information System on vulnerability index (Id. Sistem Informasi Data Indeks Kerentanan/ SIDIK) â¢ Integration SIDIK with other related systems regarding vulnerability , risk and impacts of climate change Ecosystem, disaster Ecosystem, disaster Potential synergy with Sendai Framewo rk DRR and UNCCD 5. Improvement of human settlements, provision of basic services, and climate resilient infrastructure development. â¢ Mainstreaming adaptation into spatial planning and strengthening compliance in the implementation of spatial plan. â¢ Integrating adaptation in infrastructure development and maintenance. â¢ Climate awareness campaign, standard enforcement and oversight in human settlement development, including building and environmental health. â¢ Increase compliance to carrying capacity related regulations in infrastructure development. â¢ Improve water resource management including soil water, measures to deal with disaster emergency. Health, ecosystem, disaster Energy, disaster Water, ecosystem Potential synergy with SFDRR prevention and resolution. â¢ Strengthening coordination and communication in policy formulation and implementation. â¢ Implementation of complain and redress mechanisms.
5,886	adaptation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	R_Infrares	Promote development of climate proof cities.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-06/Updated%20NDC%20Indonesia%202021%20-%20corrected%20version.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/23cc288529c33744f7305df47148647d73af79b75b013228c48f71bb19fdfed2.pdf	en-US	Potential synergy with implementation of Ramsar Convention, CBD, SFDRR, and UNCCD Climate resilient cities. x Promote development of climate proof cities. x Awareness campaign on the importance of integrating climate vulnerability, risks and impacts in city planning and development. x Capacity building and institutional strengthening x Revitalization of city infrastructure to increase adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change impacts. x Increase urban forest area and other green open spaces -- o 0 o --	Potential synergy with implementation of Ramsar Convention, CBD, SFDRR, and UNCCD Climate resilient cities. x Promote development of climate proof cities. x Awareness campaign on the importance of integrating climate vulnerability, risks and impacts in city planning and development. x Capacity building and institutional strengthening x Revitalization of city infrastructure to increase adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change impacts. x Increase urban forest area and other green open spaces -- o 0 o --
5,887	adaptation	IDN	Indonesia	Updated NDC	R_Infrares	Promote development of climate proof cities.	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-09/ENDC%20Indonesia.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/367e52232a6fdaf079b6ea28cec056e70c55e1c4572bc4034586eb5d0f2969cc.pdf	en-US	â¢ Development and implementation of in situ and ex situ conservation. â¢ Prevention and eradication of invasive alien species. â¢ Protection of existing and development of new marine protected areas. â¢ Restoration of degraded mangroves and peatland â¢ Enhance conservation education, including engaging adat communities for indigenous knowledge and local wisdom. Ecosystem Ecosystem Ecosystem Ecosystem, water Ecosystem Potential synergy with implementation of Ramsar Convention, CBD, SFDRR, and UNCCD 4. Integrated watershed management â¢ Developing climate resilient watershed ecosystem management. â¢ Improve watershed management planning by taking into account climate vulnerability, risks and impacts. â¢ Developing policy instruments and tools to assess climate vulnerability, risks, and impacts to national priority watersheds. Water, ecosystem, disaster Water, ecosystem, disaster Potential synergy with implementation of Ramsar Convention, CBD, SFDRR, and UNCCD 1. Climate resilient cities. â¢ Promote development of climate proof cities. â¢ Awareness campaign on the importance of integrating climate vulnerability, risks and impacts in city planning and development. â¢ Capacity building and institutional strengthening Ecosystem, disaster Disaster energyKEY PROGRAM STRATEGY ACTION PRIORITY FIELD NOTE â¢ Revitalisation of city infrastructure to increase adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change impacts. â¢ Increase urban forest area and other green open spaces Ecosystem, disaster Disaster energy -- o 0 o --	â¢ Development and implementation of in situ and ex situ conservation. â¢ Prevention and eradication of invasive alien species. â¢ Protection of existing and development of new marine protected areas. â¢ Restoration of degraded mangroves and peatland â¢ Enhance conservation education, including engaging adat communities for indigenous knowledge and local wisdom. Ecosystem Ecosystem Ecosystem Ecosystem, water Ecosystem Potential synergy with implementation of Ramsar Convention, CBD, SFDRR, and UNCCD 4. Integrated watershed management â¢ Developing climate resilient watershed ecosystem management. â¢ Improve watershed management planning by taking into account climate vulnerability, risks and impacts. â¢ Developing policy instruments and tools to assess climate vulnerability, risks, and impacts to national priority watersheds. Water, ecosystem, disaster Water, ecosystem, disaster Potential synergy with implementation of Ramsar Convention, CBD, SFDRR, and UNCCD 1. Climate resilient cities. â¢ Promote development of climate proof cities. â¢ Awareness campaign on the importance of integrating climate vulnerability, risks and impacts in city planning and development. â¢ Capacity building and institutional strengthening Ecosystem, disaster Disaster energyKEY PROGRAM STRATEGY ACTION PRIORITY FIELD NOTE â¢ Revitalisation of city infrastructure to increase adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change impacts. â¢ Increase urban forest area and other green open spaces Ecosystem, disaster Disaster
5,888	targets	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	T_Adaptation_Unc	By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	2 First NDC available at: SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide â¢ Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of black carbon â¢ Reduced emissions of HFCs â¢ Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns â¢ Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports â¢ Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover â¢ Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods â¢ Preservation of food supply/security â¢ Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions â¢ Reduction of coastal erosion â¢ Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection â¢ Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions from fishing fuel â¢ Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3.	on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3.
5,889	targets	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	T_Adaptation_Unc	By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide â¢ Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of black carbon â¢ Reduced emissions of HFCs â¢ Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns â¢ Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports â¢ Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover â¢ Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods â¢ Preservation of food supply/security â¢ Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions â¢ Reduction of coastal erosion â¢ Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection â¢ Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions from fishing fuel â¢ Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3. NATIONAL CONTEXT Geography, Political Organization, and Economy The FSM is an archipelagic nation in the Western Pacific Ocean.	to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3. NATIONAL CONTEXT Geography, Political Organization, and Economy The FSM is an archipelagic nation in the Western Pacific Ocean.
5,890	targets	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	T_Adaptation_Unc	By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	The AW-REP is also intended to kickstart the transition to electric-powered transport across the Federation in the next 5-10 years. Contributions Conditional By 2030, climate-proof (e.g., by widening, elevating, repairing and/or relocating) all major island ring roads, airport access roads and arterial roads Conditional By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (including larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards)Climate Change Co-Benefits Mitigation Adaptation â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather related emergencies Means of Implementation Requirements The FSMâs Infrastructure Development Plan FY 2016 â FY2025 identifies needs totaling USD 209 million and USD 79 million for road and pedestrian and maritime infrastructure projects, respectively.	The AW-REP is also intended to kickstart the transition to electric-powered transport across the Federation in the next 5-10 years. Contributions Conditional By 2030, climate-proof (e.g., by widening, elevating, repairing and/or relocating) all major island ring roads, airport access roads and arterial roads Conditional By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (including larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards)Climate Change Co-Benefits Mitigation Adaptation â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather related emergencies Means of Implementation Requirements The FSMâs Infrastructure Development Plan FY 2016 â FY2025 identifies needs totaling USD 209 million and USD 79 million for road and pedestrian and maritime infrastructure projects, respectively.
5,891	targets	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	T_Adaptation_Unc	By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	Contributions Conditional By 2030, climate-proof (e.g., by widening, elevating, repairing and/or relocating) all major island ring roads, airport access roads and arterial roads Conditional By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (including larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards)Climate Change Co-Benefits Mitigation Adaptation â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather related emergencies Means of Implementation Requirements The FSMâs Infrastructure Development Plan FY 2016 â FY2025 identifies needs totaling USD 209 million and USD 79 million for road and pedestrian and maritime infrastructure projects, respectively. Including air transportation and broader climate change adaptation projects would add another USD 103 million to total requirements for transportation infrastructure over the period.	Contributions Conditional By 2030, climate-proof (e.g., by widening, elevating, repairing and/or relocating) all major island ring roads, airport access roads and arterial roads Conditional By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (including larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards)Climate Change Co-Benefits Mitigation Adaptation â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather related emergencies Means of Implementation Requirements The FSMâs Infrastructure Development Plan FY 2016 â FY2025 identifies needs totaling USD 209 million and USD 79 million for road and pedestrian and maritime infrastructure projects, respectively. Including air transportation and broader climate change adaptation projects would add another USD 103 million to total requirements for transportation infrastructure over the period.
5,892	targets	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	T_Adaptation_Unc	By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards)	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	2 First NDC available at: SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide â¢ Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of black carbon â¢ Reduced emissions of HFCs â¢ Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns â¢ Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports â¢ Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover â¢ Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods â¢ Preservation of food supply/security â¢ Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions â¢ Reduction of coastal erosion â¢ Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection â¢ Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions from fishing fuel â¢ Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3.	Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals
5,893	targets	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	T_Adaptation_Unc	By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards)	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide â¢ Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of black carbon â¢ Reduced emissions of HFCs â¢ Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns â¢ Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports â¢ Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover â¢ Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods â¢ Preservation of food supply/security â¢ Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions â¢ Reduction of coastal erosion â¢ Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection â¢ Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions from fishing fuel â¢ Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3. NATIONAL CONTEXT Geography, Political Organization, and Economy The FSM is an archipelagic nation in the Western Pacific Ocean.	Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals
5,894	targets	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	T_Energy	By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	2 First NDC available at: SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide â¢ Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of black carbon â¢ Reduced emissions of HFCs â¢ Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns â¢ Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports â¢ Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover â¢ Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods â¢ Preservation of food supply/security â¢ Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions â¢ Reduction of coastal erosion â¢ Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection â¢ Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions from fishing fuel â¢ Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3.	2 First NDC available at: SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide â¢ Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of black carbon â¢ Reduced emissions of HFCs â¢ Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane
5,895	targets	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	T_Energy	By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide â¢ Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of black carbon â¢ Reduced emissions of HFCs â¢ Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns â¢ Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports â¢ Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover â¢ Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods â¢ Preservation of food supply/security â¢ Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions â¢ Reduction of coastal erosion â¢ Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection â¢ Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions from fishing fuel â¢ Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3. NATIONAL CONTEXT Geography, Political Organization, and Economy The FSM is an archipelagic nation in the Western Pacific Ocean.	SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide â¢ Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of black carbon â¢ Reduced emissions of HFCs â¢ Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric
5,896	targets	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	T_Energy	By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	The goal of the project is to help the FSM achieve its energy efficiency targets within three years. Contributions Conditional By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Climate Change Co-benefits Mitigation Adaptation â¢ Carbon dioxide emissions reductions â¢ Reduced demand for and use of diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see SLCP section) â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Means of Implementation Requirements The FSM National Energy Master Plans estimate an approximate cost of USD 296 million to implement the plans over a 20-year period, plus an added cost of approximately 5% of the total budget to provide additional capacity building and technical assistanceâe.g., for coordinating and monitoring implementationâover the course of the projects.	The goal of the project is to help the FSM achieve its energy efficiency targets within three years. Contributions Conditional By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Climate Change Co-benefits Mitigation Adaptation â¢ Carbon dioxide emissions reductions â¢ Reduced demand for and use of diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see SLCP section) â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Means of Implementation Requirements The FSM National Energy Master Plans estimate an approximate cost of USD 296 million to implement the plans over a 20-year period, plus an added cost of approximately 5% of the total budget to provide additional capacity building and technical assistanceâe.g., for coordinating and monitoring implementationâover the course of the projects.
5,897	targets	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	T_Energy	By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation	null	2030	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	Contributions Conditional By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Climate Change Co-benefits Mitigation Adaptation â¢ Carbon dioxide emissions reductions â¢ Reduced demand for and use of diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see SLCP section) â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Means of Implementation Requirements The FSM National Energy Master Plans estimate an approximate cost of USD 296 million to implement the plans over a 20-year period, plus an added cost of approximately 5% of the total budget to provide additional capacity building and technical assistanceâe.g., for coordinating and monitoring implementationâover the course of the projects. Relevant SDGs Gender equality is advanced through a capacity building program focused on increasing the number of women working in the energy sector.	Contributions Conditional By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Climate Change Co-benefits Mitigation Adaptation â¢ Carbon dioxide emissions reductions â¢ Reduced demand for and use of diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see SLCP section) â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Means of Implementation Requirements The FSM National Energy Master Plans estimate an approximate cost of USD 296 million to implement the plans over a 20-year period, plus an added cost of approximately 5% of the total budget to provide additional capacity building and technical assistanceâe.g., for coordinating and monitoring implementationâover the course of the projects. Relevant SDGs Gender equality is advanced through a capacity building program focused on increasing the number of women working in the energy sector.
5,898	mitigation	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	I_Shipping	By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	2 First NDC available at: SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide â¢ Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of black carbon â¢ Reduced emissions of HFCs â¢ Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns â¢ Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports â¢ Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover â¢ Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods â¢ Preservation of food supply/security â¢ Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions â¢ Reduction of coastal erosion â¢ Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection â¢ Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions from fishing fuel â¢ Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3.	on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3.
5,899	mitigation	FSM	Micronesia	Updated NDC	I_Shipping	By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology	null	null	https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/NDC/2022-10/Updated%20NDC%20of%20the%20MICRONESIA.pdf	../data/downloaded_documents/4636dc7d8b748598e5c09ba060f87010417351efa88237d5f2721a4500399324.pdf	en-US	SUMMARY OF NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS Contributions for 2030 Conditions Climate Change Co-Benefits SDGs Energy Security By 2030, increase access to electricity to 100% nationwide Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Distributed renewable energy increases the resilience of the energy system to sea-level rise and extreme weather events â¢ Domestically produced renewable energy is less vulnerable than imported fossil fuels to climate change-induced disruption of global supply chains Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of carbon dioxide â¢ Reduced demand for, and use and transport of, diesel fuel â¢ Reductions of non-CO2 diesel emissions, e.g., black carbon, methane (see below) By 2030, increase electricity generation from renewable energy to more than 70% of total generation Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Meet Kigali Amendment HFC phase down commitments (in advance of schedule if possible) Conditional on access to means of implementation Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions of black carbon â¢ Reduced emissions of HFCs â¢ Reduced emissions of methane By 2030, reduce black carbon and methane emissions related to diesel electric generation by more than 65% below 2000 levels Conditional on access to means of implementation Undertake a national methane inventory and assessment of methane abatement opportunities Conditional on access to means of implementation Food Security By 2030, establish and/or strengthen farmer cooperatives across all four FSM States Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience to climate change impacts on local food production, including sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and changes in precipitation patterns â¢ Increased resilience to price spikes and shortages of key food imports caused by climate change impacts on the global food system Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced shipping emissions due to a decreased reliance on food imports â¢ Potential for increased production of coconut-derived biofuels to replace certain uses of fossil fuels By 2030, establish and support state-level farmer associations to provide training in climate-smart agriculture practices, and establish local seed banks Unconditional By 2030, improve market access for farmers by facilitating development of commercial agreements with local purchasers Unconditional By 2030, increase annual production of coconuts and coconut-based products to improve resilience of the food system to climate change impacts Conditional on access to means of implementationWater Security By 2030, provide universal access to clean drinking water through refurbishment of existing water infrastructure and extension of network to unserved and underserved areas Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of the local water supply to climate change impacts, including sea-level rise, storm surge, saltwater intrusion into freshwater lens, and more severe drought Ecosystems Management: Marine, Terrestrial and Coastal By 2030, effectively manage 50% of marine resources and 30% of terrestrial resources, including restricting commercial fishing in up to 30% of the FSM marine environment Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Increased resilience of fisheries to climate change impacts by improving sustainability, reducing by-catch, reducing IUU fishing, and providing protected areas for stocks to recover â¢ Preservation of ecosystems services and livelihoods â¢ Preservation of food supply/security â¢ Improved capacity of governments and communities to respond to climate change impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved climate-resilience of livelihoods and businesses reliant on coastal and marine ecosystems â¢ Improved flood resilience through protection of mangroves and implementation of other nature-based solutions â¢ Reduction of coastal erosion â¢ Improved resilience to more extreme droughts through water conservation / groundwater protection â¢ Increased resilience of coral reefs, mangrove forests, and wetlands to climate change impacts Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduced emissions from fishing fuel â¢ Less disturbance of land and ocean-based carbon sinks By 2030, develop non-entangling and biodegradable Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD) to be used by all purse seine flag vessels in the FSM EEZ Unconditional By 2023, achieve full tuna fishery transparency, through electronic monitoring of all FSM-flagged longline fishing vessels Unconditional By 2030, develop Integrated Land Management Plans and Shoreline Development Plans to effectively protect and sustain terrestrial and coastal ecosystems Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, expand the number of Protected Areas and their coordination through Protected Area Networks Conditional on access to means of implementation Resilient Transport Systems By 2030, climate-proof all major island ring roads, airport access roads, and arterial roads Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Resilience to flooding from sea-level rise and king tides â¢ Maintenance of public and commercial services during weather-related emergencies Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of emissions from idling vessels by reducing time spent waiting to dock â¢ Reduction of emissions from large transportation idling vessels waiting to dock by incorporating renewable energy technology for powering their auxiliary equipment By 2030, complete climate-proofing of major ports (larger and more resilient docks meeting ISPS standards) Conditional on access to means of implementationPublic Health By 2030, establish a surveillance system, including a laboratory facility, to detect and monitor VBD, WBD, and FBD to enable rapid response and control of outbreaks Conditional on access to means of implementation Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Improved preparedness of the public health system to respond to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3. NATIONAL CONTEXT Geography, Political Organization, and Economy The FSM is an archipelagic nation in the Western Pacific Ocean.	to VBD, WBD, and FBD outbreaks, which are projected to increase due to climate change By 2030, provide training in the detection and treatment of VBD, WBD, and FBD to all medical personnel and public health officials Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, equip all hospitals and other relevant medical facilities to receive and effectively treat patients suffering from VBD, WBD, and FBD Conditional on access to means of implementation Emergency Management & Response By 2025, complete an update of the National Disaster Response Plan Unconditional Adaptation Co-benefits â¢ Enhancement of emergency management and disaster response to extreme weather events, including improved delivery of essential supplies and services (e.g., food, water, medical, transportation) â¢ Improved monitoring of coastal erosion, sea level-rise, groundwater supplies, and other natural resources Mitigation Co-benefits â¢ Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from emergency response vessels By 2030, complete comprehensive nationwide GIS mapping Conditional on access to means of implementation By 2030, update vessels and/or secure additional vessels for inter-state transportation and emergency response operations, incorporating renewable energy technology Conditional on access to means of implementation3. NATIONAL CONTEXT Geography, Political Organization, and Economy The FSM is an archipelagic nation in the Western Pacific Ocean.