Datasets:

nirantk

/

triplets-study-short

like 0

Concise Pathway to New Multifunctionalized Constrained Pentacin Derivatives by Means of Two Stereospecific Tandem Reactions

Starting from Boc-activated diketopiperazines, original bicyclic derivatives of trans- and cis-2-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid were prepared by using two stereospecific tandem reactions. One of them is a tandem transannular rearrangement of activated lactams/alkylation process leading to the stereoselective synthesis of suitably chiral pyrrolidine-2,4-diones, allowing subsequent Michael-initiated ring closure, a simple and concise route to original multifunctionalized alicyclic β-amino esters.

In this paper, the authors identify the scalability bottlenecks of an unstructured grid CFD code (PETSc-FUN3D) by studying the impact of several algorithmic and architectural parameters and by examining different programming models. The authors discuss the basic performance characteristics of this PDE code with the help of simple performance models developed in their earlier work, presenting primarily experimental results. In addition to achieving good per-processor performance (which has been addressed in the cited work and without which scalability claims are suspect) they strive to improve the implementation and convergence scalability of PETSc-FUN3D on thousands of processors.

eng_Latn

Carbon-13 NMR assignments in 1,3-cyclohexadiene

Abstract Unambiguous 13 C-NMR assignments for the olefinic carbons of 1,3-cyclohexadiene (in CDCl 3 : δ C(1) = 126.02 ppm and δ C(2) = 124.30 ppm downfield from TMS) have been made by comparison with regioselectively synthesized 2-deuterio-1,3-cyclohexadiene (in CDCl 3 : δ C(1) = 125.88, δ C(3) = 124.22 and δ C(4) = 126.02 downfield from TMS). 1 H-NMR chemical shifts and splittings are shown for both compounds.

This paper deals with the behaviour of hydrolyse d Polyacrylamide solutions in the presence of chromium III. First, using potentiometry and spectroscopy, we study the complexation between chromium III and sodium acetate used as a low molecular weight model for the polymer. Then the same methods are applied to investigate the polymer—Cr(III) complexation and the results are discussed in conjunction with the nature of the physical states of the systems. Finally, we perform rheological measurements in the sol—gel transition regime in a range where the number of crosslinking points can be calculated unambiguously.

eng_Latn

Conformational Effects on the Magnetic Properties of an Organic Diradical: A Computational Study

A theoretical study on the singlet triplet energy splitting in a m-phenylene bridged organic diradical has been performed using an original computational protocol developed in our group. The method is based on post Hatree–Fock calculations and has proven to provide accurate results with reasonable computational effort. By virtue of such efficiency, the full PES of both the singlet and triplet states as a function of the two “soft” torsional degrees of freedom at the meta position of the ring has been explored. In agreement with literature findings, we found a pronounced dependence of the sign of the energy gap from the torsional angles. Finally, exploiting the two-dimensional surface, a statistical analysis is carried out at low temperatures and a comparison with available experimental data addressed.

A C 2 symmetrical chiral ligand derived from (R,R)-trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane is highly effective in the symmetric cis-dihydroxylation of aromatic and aliphatic di- and trisubstituted olefins under stoichiometric conditions

eng_Latn

Small-Ring Compounds. XXXX. The Structure and Properties of a Dimer of Triphenylfluorocyclobutadiene

The chemistry of the previously described substance, C_(44)H_(30)F_2 from the reaction of 1,1-difluoro-2,4-dichloro-3-phenylcyclobutene and phenyllithium is described. The physical and chemical data presented are best interpreted in terms of an anti-tricyclo[4.2.0.0] octadiene structure for the substance which could arise by dimerization of triphenylfluorocyclobutadiene. The recent X-ray diffraction study of the substance by Hughes and Fritchie has confirmed the proposed structure.

A novel aldehyde-bearing trithiocarbonate has been synthesized and reacted with carbon nanostructures with different dimensionalities (nanotubes, fullerenes, graphite). The decoration of these carbon nanostructures with trithiocarbonate moieties should provide a powerful tool for the design of advanced carbon nanofillers.

eng_Latn

A theoretical study of imine hydrocyanation catalyzed by halogen-bonding

A detailed theoretical study of the mechanism and energetics of an organocatalysis based on C=N activation by halogen-bonding is presented for the hydrocyanation of N-benzylidenemethylamine. The calculations at the level of scalar-relativistic gradient-corrected density functional theory give an insight in this catalytic concept and provide information on the characteristics of four different monodentate catalyst candidates acting as halogen-bond donors during the reaction.

This paper introduces the theories of cationic modification of linen and puts forward the optimal process conditions of cationic modification and dyeing of linen through orthogonal experiment and analysis. By comparing and analyzing the dyeing samples of the cationised linen and non-cationised linen, it also shows that cationic modification has clear effect to enhance the dyeing capability of rhubarb on linen.

eng_Latn

1H NMR study of the solvent THF concerning their structural and dynamical properties in chemically Li-intercalated SWNT

Abstract Structural and dynamical properties of the THF solvent in single-walled carbon nanotubes intercalated with lithium are investigated by NMR. 1 H NMR experiments reveal the existence of two types of inequivalent THF solvent molecules with different chemical environments and dynamical behavior. At low temperatures THF molecules perpendicularly arranged in between adjacent SWNT presumably exhibit a restricted rotation around their dipolar axis. At higher temperatures THF molecules are isotropically rotating and diffusing along the interstitial channels of the SWNT bundles.

New synthetic approaches to the preparation of 2-(trifluoromethyl)indole and 2-amino-3-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline have been developed. In both cases, conditions of the Leimgruber-Batcho synthesis of indoles were used in the key step.

eng_Latn

13C-NMR study of radical copolymers of (-)-menthyl methacrylate with trans-4-methacryloyloxyazobenzene

Abstract The 50.3 MHz 13 C-NMR of various free radical copolymers of (−)-menthyl methacrylate with trans -4-methacryloyloxyazobenzene was investigated in CDCl 3 solution at room temperature. The smooth variation of the chemical shifts of aromatic carbons with chemical composition points to a random distribution of the monomeric units along the polymer chain. Analysis of the carbonyl signal allows one to determine the main chain stereochemistry of copolymers in which one monomer predominates. Apart from the macromolecular nature, no appreciable effect on local mobility is observed arising from different neighbouring units and stereoregularity.

Aryl groups bound to the meso positions of porphyrins often react with neighboring groups, in particular s-acyl groups to give highly diversified monomeric and dimeric new functionalized porphyrins. The products, whose meso-aryl ring approaches coplanarity with the porphyrin macrocycle, show large shifts of UV-visible absorption bands and various potentialities for building external chelating moieties and assembling oligoporphyrins.

eng_Latn

Enantioselective addition of selenosulfonates to α,β-unsaturated ketones

An organo-catalyzed enantioselective addition of selenosulfonates to α,β-unsaturated ketones was developed for the first time. With a chiral squaramide as an efficient catalyst, the desired α-selenylated ketones were obtained in a good yields with high enantioselectivity up to 89% ee, and good results could be obtained on a gram scale. The products could also be efficiently transformed into useful building blocks with a propenylic stereocenter; the strategy presented in this study may find further applications in organic synthesis.

Abstract Asymmetric total synthesis of small ring macrolide stagonolide-E has been described in this communication. The main highlight of our synthetic strategy is the application of ME-DKR (metal enzyme combo dynamic kinetic resolution) reaction, asymmetric reduction with Noyori’s BINAL-H reagent system, stereoselective cross metathesis, and RCM (ring closing metathesis) reaction at a late stage enables us to achieve the synthesis of the target molecule in an efficient way.

eng_Latn

A comparative study of the synthesis of C2-Symmetric chiral 2,2'-biaziridinyls

Two comparative synthetic routes to new enantiomeric C 2 -symmetric Boc-protected biaziridinyls from tartaric ester were studied. Simplicity, high enantiomeric purity and high chemical yield of the target compound characterize the proposed methods. Also, unprotected biaziridinyl was synthesized and fully characterized.

Abstract Solid-state 29Si NMR has been used to determine the principal values of the shielding tensors for organosilicon compounds, including cyclic silanes. Silicon atoms in three-membered rings show exceptionally large chemical shift anisotropies, similar to those of multiply-bonded Si atoms. Possible reasons for these large CSA's are discussed.

eng_Latn

list of foods to eat while recovering from diarrhea

A recent study showed that consumption of a probiotic drink containing L. casei, L. bulgaricus, and S. thermophilus can reduce the incidence of diarrhea (2). Foods such as yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, tempeh (fermented) and miso (fermented soybean paste) provide probiotics.

Eating heavy meals after diarrhea puts stress on your digestive system, making it hard for your recovering stomach to process foods properly. 5 • Be careful with what you eat or drink. The dietary chart below will give you a better picture of the foods and beverages that can affect your condition: 6,7,8,9,10,11

eng_Latn

what's a natural remedy for constipation

Castor oil is a yellowish liquid that can be used as a home remedy for constipation because of its laxative property. One study in Nigeria found that oral castor oil helped children with chronic constipation to move their bowels. An upside to castor oil for constipation is that it works quickly.

Prunes and plums are the best fruit choices to relieve constipation. Sooner or later, it happens to most everyone — constipation. If you're looking for a natural alternative to taking a medicinal laxative, certain kinds of fruit can often relieve constipation by virtue of their fiber and sugar content.

eng_Latn

how many cherries should you eat a day

10-12 Cherries a Day Can Reduce Gout Attack Risk. In a study of over 600 people with gout, those who ate a ½-cup serving of cherries a day, the equivalent of about 10 or 12 cherries, or consumed cherry extract, had a 35 percent lower risk of a subsequent gout attack.

1 doctor agreed: 1 In excess: Interestingly, if you eat cherries in excess you could develop either diarrhea or constipation. 2 Cherrys: If you pig out on cherries you can develop diarrhea from the sugars present in the cherries. 3 Not usually: But that depends upon how many you eat.

eng_Latn

dangers of prune juice

Potential Problems with Prunes and Prune Juice. In a study that included three people experiencing chronic diarrhea, the culprit was found to be eating prunes and drinking prune juice on a daily basis in two of the cases. Too much “pruning,” it seems, can be a bad thing. Rather than consume prunes or prune

Even though you are making them home, juice should still only be served to your child on a sporadic basis. Remember, while prune juice is safe for your baby after six months of age, it is best to limit your child’s intake to 4 to 6 ounces per day. Water, breast milk and formula are all your child needs to consume for healthy growth and development. Do not forget to dilute your child’s juice with water before serving.

eng_Latn

is apple juice good for constipation

Barley or oatmeal cereals, prunes, peaches, plums, apricots and most vegetables are preferred when baby has constipation. Juices are helpful, especially apple or prune, but use in moderation, as they are not as nutritious for babies as formula or breast milk.

Plums as good as fiber supplements for constipation: study. 1 Plum juice is as effective in boosting digestive health as fiber supplements among those with chronic constipation, according to a peer-reviewed study partly funded by leading North American plum juice maker, SunSweet Growers. 2 Related news:

eng_Latn

why does dogs eat grass

Other suggested reasons why your dog might be eating grass include improving digestion, treating intestinal worms, or fulfilling some unmet nutritional need, including the need for fiber. One published study reports on a miniature poodle that ate grass and then vomited every day for seven years.ne small-scale study of 49 dog owners whose dogs had regular access to grass and other plants found that 79% of the dogs had eaten plants at some time. Another survey about plant-eating dogs found that grass was the most commonly eaten plant.

A dog's desire to eat nonfood items is called pica. Dogs eat grass and leaves as an aid in digestion, for extra fiber, or in young dogs, out of boredom.Canine ancestors eat grass, berries and just about anything they can find to snack on in the wild.Eating grass and leaves may be a trait remaining from the pack instinct.ogs eat grass and leaves as an aid in digestion, for extra fiber, or in young dogs, out of boredom. Canine ancestors eat grass, berries and just about anything they can find to snack on in the wild. Eating grass and leaves may be a trait remaining from the pack instinct.

eng_Latn

Based on the experience and research of the authors, all of whom are management consultants, this book deals with the personal traits and financial and external aspects of entrepreneurs. The text is directed at practising managers, would-be entrepreneurs and management advisors.

This paper presents a summary of research on entrepreneurs and discusses the trends in the development of the field. It begins by introducing the pioneers of the domain, Cantillon, Say and Schumpeter. The contribution of economists such as Knight, Hayek, Penrose, Kirzner and Casson are mentioned. A second section presents the contributions of the behaviorists and the characteristics most commonly attributed to entrepreneurs. From the 1980s onwards, the field of entrepreneurship exploded and was assimilated into almost every soft science discipline. Two separate trends one applied, the other theory-based began to emerge. Thus, the paper postulates that the field is in the process of dividing into two separate entities: entrepreneurship, the applied aspect, and entreprenology, the theoretical aspect.

Slogans such as “no future” have frequently been used recently to describe the unattractive situation of adolescents who are faced with enormous economic, social, and political problems and insecurities. It should be interesting to study how adolescents themselves anticipate and evaluate their future and which variations may exist among certain groups of adolescents. This should be especially interesting when pursuing the more general question of which function future orientation may have for the development of adolescents. One may assume that the way adolescents anticipate and evaluate their future influences their life planning, decision making, and behavior. One may even hypothesize that adolescents construct their own future according to the future orientation they develop.

eng_Latn

What is the importance of studying human development?

What is meant by the study of human developement?

Why biology is uninterrsting science to study?

eng_Latn

Is a person's brain fully developed by the time they reach puberty?

The human brain is not fully developed by the time a person reaches puberty. Between the ages of 10 and 25, the brain undergoes changes that have important implications for behavior (see Cognitive development below). The brain reaches 90% of its adult size by the time a person is six years of age. Thus, the brain does not grow in size much during adolescence. However, the creases in the brain continue to become more complex until the late teens. The biggest changes in the folds of the brain during this time occur in the parts of the cortex that process cognitive and emotional information.

According to a study done by Helmut Fend (who had always been a fierce proponent of comprehensive schools) revealed that comprehensive schools do not help working class students. He compared alumni of the tripartite system to alumni of comprehensive schools. While working class alumni of comprehensive schools were awarded better school diplomas at age 35, they held similar occupational positions as working class alumni of the tripartite system and were as unlikely to graduate from college.

eng_Latn

Maturation of the adolescent brain

The Adolescent Brain

Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study

eng_Latn

at what age is the human brain fully formed

Brain diagram. Credit: dwp.gov.uk. (PhysOrg.com) -- New research from the UK shows the brain continues to develop after childhood and puberty, and is not fully developed until people are well into their 30s and 40s. The findings contradict current theories that the brain matures much earlier.

Although the brain reaches its full adult weight by the age of 21, it continues to develop for several years. In fact, a study done by the National Institutes of Health found that the region of brain that inhibits risky behavior does not fully form until age 25. This is the final stage of brain development.

eng_Latn

definition of childhood developmental psychology

What are you looking for? Child psychology. Child psychology, also called child development, the study of the psychological processes of children and, specifically, how these processes differ from those of adults, how they develop from birth to the end of adolescence, and how and why they differ from one child to the next.

Child Psychology, often referred to as Child Development, examines the psychological aspects that occur during childhood (from birth to puberty). An incredible number of changes occur during childhood, especially during infancy, which lasts from birth to age two. In particular, there are massive advances in physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development...all of which are key areas of study within child psychology.

eng_Latn

psychology definition of longitudinal design

A longitudinal design is a research study where a sample of the population is studied at intervals to examine the effects of development. In a longitudinal design, you have a group of people and you study something about them. Then you collect their contact information. After a set amount of time-be it weeks, months or years-the participants are called and asked to return. Tests are re-administered to see what changes are in the participants.

Sociological Research: Designs, Methods. 1 Cross‐sectional, in which scientists study a number of individuals of different ages who have the same trait or characteristic of interest at a single time. 2 Longitudinal, in which scientists study the same individuals or society repeatedly over a specified period of time.

eng_Latn

what is the preoperational stage of children

The second stage of Piaget’s development is the preoperational stage that occurs between 2 to 7 years (Jean Piaget’s Stage Theories, n.d.). The end of the first stage has inscribed object permanence in the child’s mind. In the second stage, the child learns to think symbolically, being able to use symbols in his or her mind to portray concrete objects, places and people that they have seen in the past (Boeree, 2006).

In studying the cognitive development of children and adolescents, Piaget identified four major stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational. Piaget believed all children pass through these phases to advance to the next level of cognitive development. In each stage, children demonstrate new intellectual abilities and increasingly complex understanding of the world. Stages cannot be skipped; intellectual development always follows this sequence.

eng_Latn

which limitation in preoperational thought reemerges during adolescence?

Although most of the research completed on the study of egocentrism is primarily focused on early childhood development, it has been found to also occur during adolescence. David Elkind was one of the first to discover the presence of egocentrism in adolescence and late adolescence.

Piaget referred to the cognitive development occurring between ages 2 and 7 as the preoperational stage. In this stage, children increase their use of language and other symbols, their imitation of adult behaviors, and their play. Young children develop a fascination with words—both good and bad language.

eng_Latn

what piaget did for psychology

Psychology Today. Piaget’s Missing Cognitive Stage. The Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget was a most prolific renaissance man, publishing in biology, psychology, morality, language and philosophy. His lasting legacy has been his identification and definition of stages in children’s thinking.

Piaget was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of children's cognitive development. Piaget's theory included four distinct stages of development: The sensorimotor stage, from birth to age 2. The preoperational stage, from age 2 to about age 7. The concrete operational stage, from age 7 to 11, and....

eng_Latn

adolescent who definition

Defining terms. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines adolescents as those people between 10 and 19 years of age. The great majority of adolescents are, therefore, included in the age-based definition of “child”, adopted by the Convention on the Rights of the Child,4 as a person under the age of 18 years.

Adolescent Psychology: field of psychology concerned with the normal and abnormal behavior of adolescents. It includes mental processes as well as observable responses. (MeSH) Includes developmental psychology research focusing on the adolescent years.iological Psychology: the study of the interrelationships of the biology and psychology in cognitive functioning, including intellectual, memory, and related neurocognitive processes. (NCIt) Focuses on the relationship between behavior and the body’s physical systems.

eng_Latn

Atomistic properties of helium in hcp titanium: A first-principles study

Surface Modifications Induced by High Fluxes of Low Energy Helium Ions

High-speed running performance is largely unaffected by hypoxic reductions in aerobic power

eng_Latn

Manganese minerals are widely distributed throughout the globe. The most important industrial uses of Mn are in the manufacture of steel, non-ferrous alloys, carbon-zinc batteries and some chemical reagents. Microbial recovery of manganese from low grade manganese ores using bioleaching was investigated in this paper. A bacterial strain, Staphylococcus epidermidis (MTCC-435) was collected from microbial type culture collection, IMTECH Chandigarh and used for the experiment. The experimental results for bioleaching with S. epidermidis showed that under pH 5.5, particle size –150 μm, pulp density 10%, temperature 35℃ and agitation 200 rpm, about 80% of Mn was recovered within 20 days of incubation.

A systematic study has been made to establish the reaction mechanism of bioleaching of manganese ore with the manganese reducing fungi, Penicillium citrinum, isolated from the top soil of an active manganese ore mine site. The fungi was utilised for dissolution of manganese from the low grade manganiferous ore. Leaching with the biomass free culture filtrate and with various acids such as oxalic, citric and sulphuric acid, provide a better insight to the process. On the basis of these studies, kinetic equations as a function of time is plotted to obtain appropriate conversion-time equation for leaching of manganese ore with bioacid and organic acid. The experimental values showed that the reaction is controlled by diffusion of the reactants through the permeable product layer.

Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights.

eng_Latn

Cu-doped TiO2 systems with improved photocatalytic activity

The effects of copper doping on photocatalytic activity at (101) planes of anatase TiO2: A theoretical study

The effects of copper doping on photocatalytic activity at (101) planes of anatase TiO2: A theoretical study

eng_Latn

Template-free hydrothermal synthesis of Gd 2 O 2 SO 4 :Eu 3+ hollow spheres based on urea-ammonium sulfate (UAS) system

A Facile Co-Precipitation Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Red-Emitting La2O2SO4: x%Eu3+ Nanophosphors

Computational study of the thermal decomposition and the thermochemistry of allyl ethers and allyl sulfides

eng_Latn

Density-functional study of structural and electronic properties of bimetallic Cu-Ni clusters

The DMol method based on density functional theory has been employed to study the structural stability and electronic structure of Cu-Ni clusters.The ground states have been found out for CunNim(3≤n+m≤6) clusters.The computational results show that the binding energy, the symmetry,the bond length,the energy difference ΔE between the LUMO and HOMO and the total spin moments.It is concluded that doping clusters Ni-Cu are more stablity than the pure clusters Nin.

Novel nanocube-aggregated cauliflower-like copper hierarchical 3D nanostructures were successfully synthesized by a facile electroless deposition method. The formation and evolution can be attributed to the synergic effect of aggregation and ripening mechanisms. Moreover, such nanostructures exhibit electrocatalytic activity in the electoreduction of oxygen.

eng_Latn

Transition Metal‐Free Regioselective C‐3 Amidation of Indoles with N‐Fluorobenzenesulfonimide.

A direct transition metal-free regioselective C-3 amidation of electron-deficient indoles is developed with commercially available N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) as the nitrogen source.

In this paper, a modeling and simulation method for planar interdigitated ruthenium oxide MEMS supercapacitor was proposed based on the electrochemical reaction mechanism of supercapacitor. The study simulated the planar interdigitated ruthenium oxide MEMS super capacitor using Comsol software. The highly accurate charge and discharge curves of the super capacitor, electric potential distribution graph and the concentration distribution graph were got through simulation. The effects of two structure-parameters were discussed in the research.

eng_Latn

Indium Segregation Kinetics in MOVPE of InGaN-Based Heterostructures

General trends in In surface segregation during MOVPE of InGaN-based heterostructures are considered in terms of a rate-equation model. A parametric study of segregation effects is carried out with reference to a single GaN/InGaN/GaN quantum well. The theoretical predictions are compared with available observations.

This paper contrasts normal biochemistry reaction with MUG - Indole quick - examination in the suspicious strain of E. coli. The result shows: the biochemistry reaction of this strain conforms with national stardard in the normal examing times, and this strain is non - typical E. coli, but if citrate utilization time is extended to 144 hours, the result is changed to - + - +. The examination of MUG - Indole are negative at all.

eng_Latn

X-ray study of crystal structure and pressure dependence of the Néel temperature of the GdRh2Si2 and TbRh2Si2 compounds

Abstract Powder X-ray diffraction measurements on intermetallic compounds RERh 2 Si 2 ( RE = Gd , Tb ) have been made in the temperature range of 78 to 300K. Below T N both samples show significant volume expansion with the coefficient δV V being as large as 5.54·10 -4 and 6.2·10 -4 for RE = Gd , Tb , respectively. The Neel temperature decreases with increasing applied pressure in GdRh 2 Si 2 , but it remains constant for TbRh 2 Si 2 .

Equations have been developed for describing the isotherms of extraction of rare-earth metal(III) [REM(III)] nitrates from aqueous concentrated solutions by 100% diisoamyl methylphosphonate, taking into account the variation of activity coefficients of components in the organic phase when its composition is varied within broad limits. The thermodynamic parameters of the extraction equilibria have been calculated using as the standard states hypothetical one-molal aqueous REM(III) nitrate solutions and pure components of the organic phase at a mole fraction of 1.0.

eng_Latn

Rotational and Vibrational Temperatures of Atmospheric Double Arc Argon–Nitrogen Plasma

The spectroscopic technique is employed to study the emission of atmospheric argon–nitrogen plasma jet generated by an original dc double anode plasma torch. The molecular bands of the N2+ first negative system are observed at the torch exit and chosen to evaluate the rotational and vibrational temperatures in comparison with the simulated spectra. The excitation temperature (Texc≈9600 K) is determined from the Boltzmann plot method. The results show that the rotational, vibrational, electron and kinetic temperatures are in good agreement with one another, which indicates that the core region of atmospheric double arc argon–nitrogen plasma jet at the torch exit is close to the local thermodynamic equilibrium state under our experimental conditions.

Equations have been developed for describing the isotherms of extraction of rare-earth metal(III) [REM(III)] nitrates from aqueous concentrated solutions by 100% diisoamyl methylphosphonate, taking into account the variation of activity coefficients of components in the organic phase when its composition is varied within broad limits. The thermodynamic parameters of the extraction equilibria have been calculated using as the standard states hypothetical one-molal aqueous REM(III) nitrate solutions and pure components of the organic phase at a mole fraction of 1.0.

eng_Latn

Vanadium phosphorus oxide modified by silver doping: A highly effective catalyst for allylic oxidation of cycloolefins

Abstract Allylic oxidation of cycloolefins was carried out over Ag-VPO catalyst using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidant in argon atmosphere, under our reaction conditions, attack of the activated C–H bonds was preferred instead of the epoxidation of C=C bond and corresponding α, β-enones were obtained as the main products. It is a high yielding, safe and eco-friendly method.

A qualitative study on the performance of cylindrical vacuum photodiodes (VPDs) for x-ray detection in plasma focus device has been carried out. Various parameters of VPD such as electrode's diameter, electrode's separation, and its sensitivity are experimentally tested in plasma focus environment. For the first time it is found experimentally that the electrode-separation in the lateral direction of the two coaxial electrodes of cylindrical VPD also plays an important role to increase the efficiency of the detector. The efficiency is found to be highest for the detector with smaller cathode-anode lateral gap (1.5 mm) with smaller photo cathode diameter (10 mm). A comparison between our VPD with PIN (BPX-65) diode as an x-ray detector has also been made.

eng_Latn

Highly vibrationally excited CO generated in a low-temperature chemical reaction between carbon vapor and molecular oxygen

Abstract A chemical flow reactor is used to study the vibrational population distribution of CO produced by a reaction between carbon vapor generated in an arc discharge and molecular oxygen. The results demonstrate formation of highly vibrationally excited CO, up to vibrational level v = 14, at low temperatures, T = 400–450 K, with population inversion at v = 4–7, in a collision-dominated environment, 15–20 Torr. The average vibrational energy per CO molecule formed by the reaction is 0.6–1.2 eV/molecule, which corresponds to 10–20% of reaction enthalpy. The results show feasibility of development of a new CO chemical laser using carbon vapor and oxygen as reactants.

The present invention relates to a cathode electrode comprising at least one support member. At least one active material to the support have been applied or deposited, the active material is lithium manganese oxide of spinel structure with consisting spinel structure lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt composite oxide is not a (NMC) ( contains a mixture having the LMO). The present invention also includes a cathode electrode, relates to an electrochemical cell having a separator comprising a ceramic material of at least one porous.

eng_Latn

Regioselective N-alkylation of 2-aminobenzylamine via chelation to 9-BBN

Abstract A selective synthesis of 2-amino- N -alkylbenzylamines by direct mono alkylation of 2-aminobenzylamine is achieved by a potassium tert -butoxide/alkyl halide treatment of a 9-BBN amine-aminoborane chelate.

In the present study the catalytic steam gasification of biomass to produce hydrogen-rich gas with calcined dolomite and Nano-NiO/γ-Al2O3 as catalyst in an externally heated fixed bed reactor was investigated. Used the Nano-NiO/γ-Al2O3 as the catalyst, the highest H2 content was up to 57.82 mol%.

eng_Latn

The Complex of PASP and Tungstate as Inhibitors of Cupronickel B10′s Corrosion in 3% NaCl Solution

AC impedance and polarization curve measurements were conducted to study the effects of environ-ment-friendly inhibitors PASP,Na_(2)WO_(4)and their complexes on the corrosion of cupronickel B10 in 3%NaCl solution.The results indicate that PASP or Na_(2)WO_(4)alone does inhibit the corrosion of B10,and most effectiveconcentrations are 40 mg/L and 60 mg/L for PASP and Na_(2)WO_(4),respectively.With the total concentration of 40mg/L for the complex inhibitors,the optimum complex ratio of PASP to Na_(2)WO_(4)was 3:1.The complex of such a combination showed a significantly synergetic inhibition effect on the corrosion of B10.

Abstract In this report, micromagnetic simulations of magnetization dynamics driven by spin-polarized currents (SPCs) on magnetic nanopillars of permalloy/Cu/permalloy with different rectangular cross-sections are presented. Complete dynamical stability diagrams from initial parallel and antiparallel states have been computed for 100 ns. The effects of a space-dependent polarization function together with the presence of magnetostatic coupling from the fixed layer and classical Ampere field have been taken into account.

eng_Latn

Production practice of sodium citrate process for desulphurization of abnormally emitted off-gas

Production practice of sodium citrate process for desulphurization of abnormally emitted off-gas is described.Process condition and flow were determined and the largest scale sodium citrate desulphurization plant in China was constructed based on pilot and industrial experiments.In order to ensure regulatory compliance of tail gas,a process consisting of 1st stage absorption by sodium citrate solution and 2nd stage absorption by sodium hydroxide solution was adopted.The problems encountered during production and their solutions were discussed.

The electronic structure and nature of chemical bonding in orthorhombic Si2N2O with substitution impurities (all 3d-atoms) in the cation sublattice have been investigated by the self-consistent ab initio discrete variation method. Consistent changes in the energy structure, interatomic interaction parameters, effective atomic charges, and local moments of substitution 3d-impurities in the series under study are discussed.

eng_Latn

Temperature dependence of the field induced magnetic form factor of the intermediate valence compound CePd3

Polarized neutron scattering techniques have been used to obtain information regarding the ground state electronic properties of the intermediate valence compound CePd3. The spatial distribution of the magnetization induced by a magnetic field of 42.5 kG in a single crystal of CePd3 has been studied at 100 and 4.2 K. We find that at 100 K the measured form factor is in good agreement with the free‐ion 4f magnetic form factor of Ce3+. At 4.2 K on the other hand, deviations from a 4f magnetic factor were observed. An adequate fit to the experimental data taken at 4.2 K can be obtained by assuming that the induced magnetization contains a significant component (∼17% of the total) of Ce–5d electronic character.

Finding environmentally gentle methods to graft Lewis acid on the surface of mesoporous materials is a topic of current interest. Herein we describe the optimization of a preparation procedure of a mesoporous silica-supported ErIII catalyst using the microwave-assisted post-calcination functionalization of Mobil Composition of Matter-41 silica as the key step. The required time for functionalization was reduced from several hours to 10 min using sealed-vessel microwave technology. Control experiments using conventional heating at the same temperature demonstrated that the rate increase is owing to a simple thermal/kinetic effect as a result of the higher reaction temperature. The resulting ErIII catalyst was tested for the first time as a catalyst in the continuous flow deprotection of benzaldehyde dimethylacetal and a complete leaching study was performed.

eng_Latn

D.C. conductivity versus temperature of a metallic complex of (CH)x with potassium

Abstract We have measured the electrical conductivity σ of heavily K-doped cis -(CH) x as a function of temperature between 300 K and 4.2 K. A semiconductor-like behaviour of σ is observed and the attempt to explain our data led us to examine a conduction model involving tunnelling between potential barriers. Two activation energies are observed and the transition that occurs in the conductivity behaviour could arise from inhomogeneous doping.

Finding environmentally gentle methods to graft Lewis acid on the surface of mesoporous materials is a topic of current interest. Herein we describe the optimization of a preparation procedure of a mesoporous silica-supported ErIII catalyst using the microwave-assisted post-calcination functionalization of Mobil Composition of Matter-41 silica as the key step. The required time for functionalization was reduced from several hours to 10 min using sealed-vessel microwave technology. Control experiments using conventional heating at the same temperature demonstrated that the rate increase is owing to a simple thermal/kinetic effect as a result of the higher reaction temperature. The resulting ErIII catalyst was tested for the first time as a catalyst in the continuous flow deprotection of benzaldehyde dimethylacetal and a complete leaching study was performed.

eng_Latn

XAFS studies on the supported Ni catalysts prepared from Ni colloids

Introduction It is well known that Ni catalysts are very useful for many catalytic reactions. But the size of Ni particles on catalyst is typically 20-100 nm and the preparing the smaller Ni particles on the support is desired. Colloidal metal particles have been expected as a superior catalyst precursor for supported solid catalyst because of their small particle size and the narrow size distribution. In this study, we prepared Ni metal colloid by using tBuONa as a stabilizer and used for the Ni catalyst precursor. Non-porous SiO2 as well as meso-porous SiO2 (HMS) were used as the support. The supported Ni catalysts were reduced by hydrogen and were characterized by XAFS analysis.

A mathematical model is developed for simulating the formation and growth of phases in the diffusion of aluminum through the nickel matrix of high-temperature alloys. The kinetic laws of diffusion processes in multiphase coatings deposited from a gaseous phase by the method of circulation are determined. The suggested mathematical model is tested experimentally.

eng_Latn

Numerical investigation of a three-mirror resonator for a TE CO(2) laser.

A numerical model of a three-mirror resonator for a TE CO2 laser was developed. This model was used to determine if a three-mirror resonator with an etalon could be used to ensure tunable single-mode action on the lower gain lines of CO2. Single-mode pulse energies were also predicted and good agreement was found with experimentally measured values. An analysis of the thermal frequency drift of the resonator is also presented.

Finding environmentally gentle methods to graft Lewis acid on the surface of mesoporous materials is a topic of current interest. Herein we describe the optimization of a preparation procedure of a mesoporous silica-supported ErIII catalyst using the microwave-assisted post-calcination functionalization of Mobil Composition of Matter-41 silica as the key step. The required time for functionalization was reduced from several hours to 10 min using sealed-vessel microwave technology. Control experiments using conventional heating at the same temperature demonstrated that the rate increase is owing to a simple thermal/kinetic effect as a result of the higher reaction temperature. The resulting ErIII catalyst was tested for the first time as a catalyst in the continuous flow deprotection of benzaldehyde dimethylacetal and a complete leaching study was performed.

eng_Latn

Effects of raw materials on NaNbO3 nanocube synthesis via the solvothermal method

ABSTRACTA nanocube is a single nanoscale crystal with a cubic shape. Raw materials are an important factor in determining the synthesis of nanocubes. In this study, we investigated various niobium ...

Most chemical reactions must be finished in a certain temperature range and time frame,especially for some synthesize reactions of organic compound.If the reaction temperature or time is out of control,the side reaction will take more percentage,thereby the productivity is lower.Therefore,the author use the microwave heating method to increase the productivity.Comparing the conventional heating method,the advantages of microweave heating are saving time,saving energy sources,more efficiency and safety.

eng_Latn

[Thyrotoxicosis due to long-term therapy with interferon alpha in the patient with mixed chronic active hepatitis B and C].

The authors describe a case report of 48-year-old woman treated with Interferon alpha for the chronic active hepatitis B and C. During this therapy thyrotoxicosis occurred. It disappeared after the withdrawal of Interferon alpha and administration of strumigens. Immediately after stopping of the administration of Interferon alpha and three month later antibodies against the thyroid epithelium were found.

Abstract A new kinetic approach is presented to study the mechanism of the catalytic reaction of the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide on Fe–Co–Mn catalyst prepared by wet impregnation method over MgO support. The experimental data obtained by a fixed bed reactor are used for calculating the apparent activity energy of the LHHW kinetic models developed for the consumption of carbon monoxide, and formation of methane, alkenes and alkanes. Then, using the calculated activation energies and the available UBI–QEP relationships for the ternary catalyst and obtaining the relationships between the apparent activity energy of the LHHW kinetic model and the activity energy of surface elementary reactions involved in the kinetic equation extraction and by developing an appropriate software coupled with a genetic optimization algorithm, the surface binding energy of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen on the ternary catalyst are calculated.

eng_Latn

A study on wastewater minimization in indirect electrochemical synthesis of benzaldehyde

Development of methods of pollution prevention is a strategic orientation for environmental protection. This paper describes studies on waste minimization in benzaldehyde production by using indirect electrochemical oxidation of toluene instead of the seriously polluting traditional chemical process. The new technology developed eliminates the discharge of wastewater by recycling the reactive solution and gives a higher yield of benzaldehyde.

ANAND viscoplastic constitutive equation was introduced into the FE model for calculation of the reduction of welding residual stresses during the post weld heat treatment. The results show that ANAND equation could model the mechanical behavior under high temperature conditions. The residual stresses σ y was reduced at least 30% after heat treatment, and the tensile residual stresses on the surface of the specimen turned into compression. Further more, this constitutive equation could be used to the optimization of the heat treatment conditions.

eng_Latn

Clarification of nitridation effect on oxide formation methods

The electrical characteristics of gate dielectrics have been intensively studied. We examined four types of gate dielectrics: thermal oxide films formed in a pyrogenic steam ambient, those in a dry oxygen ambient, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) oxide films, and the thermal/CVD stacked oxide films. The effects of nitridation on oxide properties have been also systematically investigated using the nitrogen implantation technique. It is found that hot-carrier degradation can be improved by nitridation irrespective of the oxidation methods. This improvement is attributed to the suppression of interface state generation and the reduction in the number of electron traps in the oxide films. Our extensive investigation concludes that the nitridation of gate oxide films by nitrogen implantation is very promising for the improvement in reliability in spite of the difference in oxide formation methods.

Abstract This study demonstrates a simple route for synthesis of nanocrystalline N-doped titania by calcination of acidified TiCl 3 in presence of urea and oxalic acid. While urea was used as a source of nitrogen, oxalic acid was found to be crucial in controlling the phase, porosity as well as the N content. Both the catalysts showed photocatalytic activity in sunlight. Thus complete photodegradation of the dye was obtained in less than 120 min. In comparison the commercial rutile TiO 2 was inactive.

eng_Latn

Decomposition of α-chloro-oximes in dimethyl sulphoxide

Abstract : The function of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as both an electrophilic and nucleophilic reagent has been well established. However, its reactions with substrates which are similarly biphilic have attracted little comment, even though they are of potential mechanistic and preparative interest. Discussed are the mechanisms involved in the heating of alpha-chloro-p-nitrobenzaldoxime in DMSO. (Author)

A spectroscopic method to determine in-cylinder flame temperature and soot concentration was combined with in-cylinder NOx-modelling to study the influence of operating conditions and combustion system parameters on the formation of soot and NOx in a low-emission single- cylinder direct-injection diesel engine. Fuel consumption and emissions are compared with time-resolved combustion analysis data. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 869246.

eng_Latn

GRAPHICAL METHOD FOR OPTIMIZATION OF CESIUM-SURFACE IONIZER MATERIALS

A graphical method is proposed for the optimization of cesium ionizer material, structure, and operating point. Proper selection of the ionizer material, its structure and work function, and the design point optimizes the propellantutilization efficiency, power efficiency, and, to some extent, life of the cesium-ion engine. The method is illustrated by optimization of the design point for a solid tungsten ionizer using exponential and linearized plots and by selection of optimum material based on preliminary experimental critical temperature curves and theoretical neutral fraction curves. (auth)

Single crystals of tin iodide (SnI2) have been grown in silica gels. A detailed microtopographical study of {100} faces have been described. Horizontal striations are predominant on these faces for most of the crystals, while few of them show vertical striations. The horizontal striations are associated with the two-dimensional nucleation theory whereas the vertical striations relate to the growth fronts. Growth layers modified by the presence of misaligned microcystals have been illustrated. The natural etch pits on {100} faces of the crystal are attributed to the dissolution of crystals in the acid set gel. In the light of these observations, the mechanism of the development and growth of these faces have been assessed and the implications are discussed.

yue_Hant

Refractory hypokalemia during barbiturate coma therapy used for treating refractory intracranial hypertension in traumatic brain injury

Barbiturate coma therapy (BCT) is a choice treatment for refractory intracranial hypertension after all surgical or medical managements have failed to control the intracranial pressure (ICP). It helps to reduce cerebral blood flow, cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption and ICP. However, this therapy can also cause many complications. One of the underreported, but life-threatening complications is refractory hypokalemia, which can lead to subsequent rebound hyperkalemia after sudden cessation. We report our experience of managing unusual complication of refractory hypokalemia during BCT with thiopentone in postdecompressive craniectomy patient.

Abstract A new kinetic approach is presented to study the mechanism of the catalytic reaction of the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide on Fe–Co–Mn catalyst prepared by wet impregnation method over MgO support. The experimental data obtained by a fixed bed reactor are used for calculating the apparent activity energy of the LHHW kinetic models developed for the consumption of carbon monoxide, and formation of methane, alkenes and alkanes. Then, using the calculated activation energies and the available UBI–QEP relationships for the ternary catalyst and obtaining the relationships between the apparent activity energy of the LHHW kinetic model and the activity energy of surface elementary reactions involved in the kinetic equation extraction and by developing an appropriate software coupled with a genetic optimization algorithm, the surface binding energy of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen on the ternary catalyst are calculated.

eng_Latn

From Static to Reacting Systems on Transition-Metal Surfaces

Comprehensive density functional studies provide important insights into details of reaction mechanisms on surfaces that would be very hard to obtain experimentally. This chapter presents a critical comparison of experimental and theoretical achievements in mechanistic descriptions of the following surface reactions (1) (de-)hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons on Pd, Pt, and Rh; (2) methanol decomposition and steam reforming on Cu, Pd, and PdZn; (3) selective hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes on pure and alloyed Pt as well as Ag and Au surfaces; and (4) CO oxidation on nanoporous gold.

A study was made of the fully developed homogeneous flow of a two-temperature partially ionized plasma in the channel of a disc-type Hall generator. Experiments with a disc-type generator are described in [1, 2]. In a simplified statement, the problem is analogous to that considered in [3]. The present article takes the chemical reactions of ionization and recombination into account. The energy equation for an electron gas is brought down to a differential form which permits clarification of the question of the applicability of the Kerrebrock [4] formula for the difference in the temperatures of the electrons and the heavy particles.

eng_Latn

17O solid-state NMR studies of oxygen-containing catalysts

Abstract Oxygen-containing catalysts have a broad range of applications, and it is important to understand the structure–property relationships of these materials. In the past 30 years, 17O NMR spectroscopy, which is sensitive to the local structure of oxygen, has been used to study various catalysts, including non-framework oxides, zeolites, heteropoly acids, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The results from these studies have provided rich information on the structure and interactions of oxygen catalysts. This review summarizes significant progress in 17O solid-state NMR studies of oxides and related catalysts.

The lattice parameters in optical damage resistant crystal LiNbO3-In were measured for the first time using the X-ray powder method with an internal standard, which provides a high accuracy of the results. The lattice parameters vs. In concentration were obtained in the concentration range from 0.24 to 3.2 at % In in the crystal. The results are discussed in the framework of currently accepted model of the LiNbO3 intrinsic defect structure.

eng_Latn

On the Relationship between the International Criminal Court's Jurisdiction and the Security Council's Authority

The establishment of the standing International Criminal Court involves many issues of international law, among which the relationship between the International Criminal Court's jurisdiction and the Security Council's authority has become one of the most controversial issues among scholars and different nations. If the International Criminal Court endows the Security Council with excessive authority in its operation, it will be constrained by the political influences of the Security Council and its independence and impartiality will be undermined. On the other hand, it will not be feasible for the International Criminal Court to put the Security Council aside in the international community. Although the jurisdiction stipulated in statute of the ICC restricts the Security Council's authority, the Security Council still exerts no insignificant impact on the International Criminal Court.

markdownabstractThe main question addressed in this study is: ::: _How has the concept of EU citizenship influenced the legal autonomy of Member States; most notably in the field of direct taxation and are the implications of that influence on the tax autonomy of Member States acceptable?_

eng_Latn

External Dimension of the European Union Environmental Policy- Selected Legal Issues

Most environmental problems have a transboundary nature and often a global scope, and they can only be addressed effectively through international cooperation. For this reason, the Lisbon Treaty establishes that one of the key objectives of the European Union (EU) policy on the environment is to promote measures at an international level to deal with regional or worldwide environmental problems, and in particular combating climate change. The paper focuses on two issues: firstly, on the evolution of the EU competences in the area of environment and secondly on the extent and the nature of the EU competence in environmental matters. Keywords: European Union, environmental policy, climate change

New challenges for managing sustainable tourism in protected areas : an exploratory study from a landscape perspective in Sweden

eng_Latn

Recent Development,Shortages and Implication of EU Environmental Law

As the global challenge,environmental problem and protection do not rely too much on economic and political regimes.Countries tend to learn from each other.European Union embraces a most developed environmental legal system around the world;hence it inevitably becomes an object of reference and transplant within the context of environmental law.However,an prevailing notion in the EU environmental law study is that all the instruments,legislations and running conditions are faultless,and this is over-idealistic.This paper,after explicating the latest development of EU environmental law,pays great emphasis on the deficits of the rules of environmental law in EU.Then it draws a conclusion on the implication of EU environmental law to China not only based on the development but also on the deficits analyzed.

This thesis project is a continuation of a project that was previously done at KTHenvironmental management course during Fall 2006 semester at Veidekke to identify the deficit and the flaws of the ...

eng_Latn

The Employment Title in the Amsterdam Treaty: A Multi-Language Legal Discourse

A system of acoustic echo ranging for the measurement of bearing and range to an underwater object which is in motion toward or away from the detection system located at a selected position. A signal design which results in a very high ability to select only the moving objects and reject any signals which return from the surface or bottom of an ocean, river, or lake.

markdownabstractThe main question addressed in this study is: ::: _How has the concept of EU citizenship influenced the legal autonomy of Member States; most notably in the field of direct taxation and are the implications of that influence on the tax autonomy of Member States acceptable?_

eng_Latn

Eu Citizenship and Direct Taxation

markdownabstractThe main question addressed in this study is: ::: _How has the concept of EU citizenship influenced the legal autonomy of Member States; most notably in the field of direct taxation and are the implications of that influence on the tax autonomy of Member States acceptable?_

On 14 May 2014, the General Court (GC) issued its judgment dismissing an appeal brought by Reagens against a Commission decision of 11 November 2009 fining 24 companies over € 173 million for…

eng_Latn

EU court blocks cheap online alcohol, tobacco sales

The European Court of Justice has rejected a legal bid to allow online European shoppers to purchase cheap cigarettes and alcohol anywhere throughout the EU.

A minister hails progress on e-commerce after a study suggests UK firms are the third most sophisticated users of IT.

eng_Latn

Europeans 'ignorant' of EU treaty

One in 10 Europeans knows nothing about the new EU constitution, a study suggests.

Docile Brits too ready to accept Big Brother surveillance

yue_Hant

Deep High Dynamic Range Imaging with Large Foreground Motions

Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation Using Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks

An ecological study of determinants of coronary heart disease rates: a comparison of Czech, Bavarian and Israeli men

eng_Latn

Neural Relation Extraction with Selective Attention over Instances

Distant Supervision for Relation Extraction via Piecewise Convolutional Neural Networks

3 D structure from visual motion 2011 / 2012 Project Assignment Kinfu – an open source implementation of Kinect Fusion + case study : implementing a 3 D scanner with PCL

eng_Latn

Vehicle detection with sub-class training using R-CNN for the UA-DETRAC benchmark

A large-scale car dataset for fine-grained categorization and verification

evaluation of a virtual reality - based memory training programme for hong kong chinese older adults with questionable dementia : a pilot study .

eng_Latn

what materials can be ivd coated

IVD Aluminum on Heat and Corrosion Resistant Alloys: Provides the same benefits as with steel, plus oxidation resistance at high temperature as-deposited, and significantly higher after high-temperature diffusion. The coating may be deposited directly on the substrate without special preparation such as nickel strike.

What is IVD? IVD stands for “interactive virtual dissection” — a unique technology developed by Dr. Antonio Bernardo that allows a trainee to study and practice a transpetrosal approach or other cranial base surgical technique in a 3D simulation.

eng_Latn

When is it damaging?

Hydrogen is highly soluble in many rare earth and transition metals and is soluble in both nanocrystalline and amorphous metals. Hydrogen solubility in metals is influenced by local distortions or impurities in the crystal lattice. These properties may be useful when hydrogen is purified by passage through hot palladium disks, but the gas's high solubility is a metallurgical problem, contributing to the embrittlement of many metals, complicating the design of pipelines and storage tanks.

According to a study done by Helmut Fend (who had always been a fierce proponent of comprehensive schools) revealed that comprehensive schools do not help working class students. He compared alumni of the tripartite system to alumni of comprehensive schools. While working class alumni of comprehensive schools were awarded better school diplomas at age 35, they held similar occupational positions as working class alumni of the tripartite system and were as unlikely to graduate from college.

eng_Latn

Term describing materials like silicon, halfway between an insulator & a conductor

Conductors/insulators/semiconductors Flashcards | Quizlet Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. ... Materials that have conductivity properties about halfway between good conductors and good ... Silicon and germanium are useful in electronic devices like.

Chrome Plating: Introduction & FAQs - Finishing Hard chrome plating is almost always applied to items that are made of steel, usually ... the brilliant leveled nickel undercoating, you would not have a rust-resistant, ... "Barrier Layer" Coatings and Why Quality is Crucial for Chrome Plating ... or car, you may have seen bumpers with thin pieces of curling nickel chrome, and...

eng_Latn

what is metallurgical sciences

Metallurgy is the science and study of the behaviors and properties of metals and their extraction from their ores. – Practical Metallurgy and Materials of Industry. Modern metallurgy stems from the ancient desire to understand fully the behavior of metals.

RE: Metallurgical Lab from 0s. balances: low mass (~ 500 g), high precision one for making solutions; a medium sized one (~ 5 kg) for measuring part mass or water for solutions; a high mass one (~ 50 kg) for heavy parts, salt for corrosion testing, etc.

eng_Latn

what are some harms of carbon black

A new study indicates soot, known as black carbon, plays a far greater role in global warming than previously believed and is second only to CO2 in the amount of heat it traps in the atmosphere.

As a good conductor of electricity, carbon black is used as a filler mixed in plastics, elastomer, films, adhesives, and paints. Application of carbon black as an antistatic agent has provided uses as an additive for fuel caps and pipes for automobiles.he high tinting strength and stability of carbon black has also provided use in coloring of resins and films. About 20% of world production goes into belts, hoses, and other non-tire rubber goods. The balance is mainly used as a pigment in inks, coatings and plastics.

eng_Latn

what is corrosion

CORROSION OF METALS AND ITS PREVENTION. WHAT IS CORROSION. Corrosion is the deterioration of materials by chemical interaction with their environment. The term corrosion is sometimes also applied to the degradation of plastics, concrete and. wood, but generally refers to metals. The most widely used metal is iron (usually as steel)

Medical Definition of corrosion. 1 1: the action, process, or effect of corroding arterial corrosion that characterizes arteriosclerosis—Journal of the American Medical Association. 2: a study specimen of an organ or other structure prepared by injection of hollow parts (as blood vessels) with a plastic and subsequent removal of the surrounding tissue by corrosion.

eng_Latn

what kind of engineering does metallurgy

Engineering and process metallurgy: You guessed it – this is the study of metals as used in engineering processes. This may include the production of alloys, shaping, and an awareness of the effects of different processes on metallic properties, such as brittleness caused by cold or cryogenic conditions.

Physical metallurgy: This is the study of the properties and forms of different metals, how they respond to different conditions, and various types of change they can undergo.

eng_Latn

Existing product family models are redundancy,low efficient to manage and hard to update.So,a new approach for the knowledge representation of product family model based on constrained object is proposed.The approach minimizes the data redundancy of product structure and complexity of product configuration,and facilitates the model renewal through effective encapsulation of model knowledge.Hence then,the configuration approach based on constrains and the case are stuided,and the concrete reasoning process of configuration is given.Finally,an example of modeling a motorcycle product family is introduced.The model and its reasoning approachcan be easily realized by computer,and also can be used to develop an effective product family configuration system.

ETO product was mostly complicated product, and it was designed on the basis of especial customer requirement. The framework of ETO product configuration design and multidisciplinary optimization was put forward, through analyzing key problem of ETO configuration design; based on design knowledge and tabular layouts of article characteristics, designer could fleetly configure ETO product in accord with customer requirement, which could increased reuse of parts; through optimizing result of configuration design, designer could improve choice of parts and reduce iteration in design process. A numerical control figuration grinder product example was given to verify the feasibility of principle.

Summary ::: Although depression has been associated to worst bone physical properties in adulthood, this study showed that depressive symptoms were not significantly associated to bone mineral density measured at the forearm during adolescence.

eng_Latn

A study on welding quality inspection system for shell-tube heat exchanger based on machine vision

Wire Defect Recognition of Spring-Wire Socket Using Multitask Convolutional Neural Networks

Oral spray wintertime vitamin D3 supplementation has no impact on inflammation in Gaelic footballers

eng_Latn

To satisfy the increasing demand for processing high-performance materials in industry, a new hybrid process, Mechano-Electrochemical Milling (MECM), is developed in this research. This hybrid machining process combines the effect of both the conventional milling process and the Electrochemical Machining process (ECM). The principle of this process will be depicted in this paper. To present the effectiveness of the developed process, experiments have been carried out on Ti6Al4 V. A comparative study for ECM and MECM concerning material removal rate and shape accuracy will be presented. Further, the material removal mechanism and surface quality of the new process were investigated.

Electrochemical micromachining (ECMM) has been mostly carried out in situations demanding precision, complexity in the shapes of final components and in case the surface integrity and perfo...

Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights.

eng_Latn

Contact stresses in the process of involuate cylindrical spur gears meshing are analyzed in detail.Taking a pair of gears for example and using FEA,results of the FEA and the Herz formula are compared.The imprecise of the contact stress calculation in the GB is revealed,which provides a reference for designing and further studying.

One of the biggest problems to predict the bending fatigue life of gear is lack of S-N data from the standard gear specimen. It is expensive and long time to spend to do the specimen tests. The bending fatigue property data from database is not enough to fulfill the engineering needs. To solve the problem, multiaxial methods are used to predict the bending fatigue life of gears and FEA method is used to analyze the stress of gear teeth root. Result shows that McDiarmid model, Findley model and Maximum shear stress model fulfill the engineering needs and McDiarmid method is the most accurate.

Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights.

eng_Latn

Research Guides: Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering: Reading and Annotating Documents

K-State Libraries provides access to extensive resources important to the study and research of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering. Desktop access is provided whenever possible. Please feel free to ask questions if you need assistance.

The 3D model of the hydraulic pressure straightening machine host frame was established by using Solidworks software.The finite element analysis model of the host frame was then established by ANSYS Workbench.The structure strength and stiffness of the host frame were checked.Finally,the structure of the host frame was improved based on shape optimization.

eng_Latn

Defect characterization of etch pits in ZnSe based epitaxial layers

Three distinct etch pit features in ZnSe based epitaxial layers have been identified. The features were observed with optical dark field microscopy and confirmed to be pits using scanning electron microscopy. Using transmission electron microscopy, we associated different etch pits with characteristic crystallographic defects which are common in epitaxially grown II–VI materials. Frank‐type stacking faults form the largest etch pit followed by a paired configuration of Shockley‐ type stacking faults. The smallest etch pit is due to a single Shockley‐type stacking fault. This study represents one of the first examples of identifying crystallographic defects in II–VI wide bandgap materials using etch pit delineation.

AbstractIn most of the direct slicing strategies, the deviation between the computer aided design (CAD) model and the built-up part is estimated as the cusp height in normal vertical sections (NVSs) at points all around the slice contour. In the present investigation, the error is also estimated in inclined normal sections (INSs) in an attempt to maximize the slice height and simultaneously obtain a uniform surface roughness of the part. It is found that the number of slices is drastically reduced by the application of the proposed strategy when compared with first-order approximation with error calculation in NVSs. It is also interesting to note that slice height maximization is not necessarily accompanied with any significant, simultaneous reduction in machining time.

eng_Latn

Novel Smooth Exact Penalty Function Neural Networks for Parameter Linear Programming Problems

In view of solving linear programming problems with parameters both in objective function and constraints, a computational method based on novel smooth exact penalty function neural networks is proposed. First, the error function is introduced to constructing the approximate function of unit step function, which is used to give the smooth penalty function that more accurately approximates the L1 exact penalty function, and its basic properties are discussed. Second, the neural network model for parameter linear programming problems is constructed based on the proposed smooth exact penalty function and the stability and convergence of the neural networks are proved. Moreover, the specific calculation steps of our proposed neural network model for the optimization are given. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate that the proposed method possesses the smaller penalty factor, easier construction and higher accuracy.

The present study develops a non-parametric Bayesian network (NPBN) model to predict the corrosion depth on buried pipelines using the pipeline age and local soil properties. The dependence structu...

eng_Latn

Granulating Regulation of Powder in Vibrated Fluidized-bed Continuous Granulator

Fluidized principle of vibrated fluidized-bed continuous granulator is analyzed in this paper, and distribution feature of fluidized powder is given. The result is of actual significance to design this kind of machine. The study of two rules on spray granulation is a guide to producing dissolvable particles and coating particles.

High spot closed-gripper mechanism is widely applied on modern sheet printing press because of the technological advantages.Being aimed at its conjugate cam drive,this article researches its design approach,gives the process of parameterized design,develops computer-aided design platform and analyses an instance.This software can design cam curve,validate pressure angle and analyse mechanism motions based on setting parameters.

eng_Latn

Simulation of the surface-layer properties in ultrasonic planing

In the ultrasonic-planing method proposed, torsional oscillations of the tool are used to machine external cylindrical surfaces. Formulas describing the indenter trajectory over the surface of the part are presented. The indenter trajectory and the machining parameters are such that the required microrelief and microprojection configuration may be obtained, depending on the specified surface properties.

Based on the study of SIP,the paper presents the overlay method to implement the mapping between SIP protocol state machine and IN call state model BCSM,and analyses the implementation concretely.The method has resolved the key technology in interworking of Internet and IN.

eng_Latn

Key Technologies of Rigid-Flexible Coupling System Modeling and Simulation

We studied key technologies of the rigid-flexible coupling systems modeling and simulation based on the theory of multi-body dynamics and virtual prototyping technology. The study proposed concrete measures to ensure the accuracy of the simulation to short the simulation time and improve simulation speed. It greatly improved the reliability and interoperability of research used three software UG, Ansys and Adams on rigid-flexible coupling system and found the existing issue of key parts of the design department, provided a strong quantitative basis for optimizing the loader working device.

Aim-Background ::: The timing of bilateral inguinal hernia repair and the procedure of choice remains controversial. To present our experience in simultaneous bilateral inguinal hernia repair using the Rutkow-Robbins procedure (plug-mesh).

eng_Latn

Tuning of the structure and parameters of a neural network using an improved genetic algorithm

Genetic algorithms: a survey

A prospective, open-label, multicenter, observational, postmarket study of the use of a 15 mg/mL hyaluronic acid dermal filler in the lips

eng_Latn

Modelling the buckling behaviour of composite hemispherical dome ends under external pressure using artificial neural networks

In this study, artificial neural network (ANN) was used in modelling the buckling behaviour of fully clamped composite hemispherical dome ends under external pressure. Due to ability of ANN in learning by examples, this method can be used to simulate a wide range of non-linear complex scientific systems. ANN can be used in medical applications; image recognition and control of dynamic systems and recently have been used for the prediction of the mechanical behaviour of composite materials. This work is an attempt to use finite element analysis and a multi-layered neural network in the modelling of buckling behaviour composite hemispherical dome ends. Keywords: Artificial neural networks, composite materials, buckling behaviour, hemispherical dome;

Abstract A numerical scheme, based upon the Kobayashi-Tranter method with certain modifications, is given for axisymmetric punch and crack problems in elasticity. The problems are reduced to solving a system of linear algebraic equations instead of a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. A standard program thus allows the treatment of a range of different cases. The indentation of a rigid punch on an elastic layer overlying an elastic foundation is formulated in this fashion and numerical results for various cases are presented.

eng_Latn

Facet normal vector based adaptive slicing algorithm

Layer milling with uniform layer thickness is one of the main approaches for complex surfaces roughing and semi-finishing. But uneven thick material is left near the horizontal plane in some milling experiments. And the existed slicing methods can not properly solve this problem. A new slicing algorithm based on triangular facet normal vector and facet group area threshold is given. In the new algorithm, the facet normal vector is used to locate the candidate facets near which the possible uncut regions lie. Then the candidate facets are grouped with their height values and each group area is compared with a threshold. The larger is chosen as the interested groups and their height values are recorded. At last the slicing positions are determined with the height records and the given layer thickness and computation is committed. Experiments show that the new algorithm can solve the previous problem.

OBJECTIVE ::: To establish a new method to discriminate Aaron's beard by Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry. ::: ::: ::: METHODS ::: Attenuation Reflection-Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry with clustering analysis was used to the identification of Aaron's beard. ::: ::: ::: RESULTS ::: There were obvious differences in Aaron's beard. The results are consistent with that of morphologic study. ::: ::: ::: CONCLUSION ::: This method is rapid, simple and economical, and can be used to the quality control.

eng_Latn

Study on a Planar Interdigitated MEMS Supercapacitor Using Modeling and Simulation Method

In this paper, a modeling and simulation method for planar interdigitated ruthenium oxide MEMS supercapacitor was proposed based on the electrochemical reaction mechanism of supercapacitor. The study simulated the planar interdigitated ruthenium oxide MEMS super capacitor using Comsol software. The highly accurate charge and discharge curves of the super capacitor, electric potential distribution graph and the concentration distribution graph were got through simulation. The effects of two structure-parameters were discussed in the research.

The key factor for improving the efficiency of assembly sequence planning is to reduce the number of components involved in the search or generation of assembly sequences. This paper presents a methodology for automatically extracting subassemblies from a product through analyzing the interference matrices and connection matrices of an assembly in order to simplify the assembly sequence generation. By considering the engineering information of components, the number of components involved in the search of assembly sequences can be reduced greatly.

eng_Latn

Temperature control system on textile production processes with gray predictive control

Gray predictive control is proposed for temperature control system on textile production process.Improved gray model is used to predict the output of the system,and control quantity is adjusted by neuron PID controller,so the output can approach the set point fast.A study on the textile production processes's temperature control system shows that this method can reach the stabilization as soon as possible,has great adaptability and robustness,and verifies its effectiveness.

This paper mainly introduces the system of computer embroidery of houshold sewing machine.In this system,there is a X Y working surface which is controlled by chip microprocessors 8031.The system's characteristics and the desgin of software and hardware are also explained.

eng_Latn

Milling system for long seam of pipe

PURPOSE: A pipe's long seam milling device is provided to minimize the vibration to be produced during milling by a plurality of clamping part directly clamping the body of the pipe. CONSTITUTION: A pipe's long seam milling device consists of a clamping part(100), a turning roller part(200), a transfer roller part(300), a fixed aligning part(400), a movable aligning part and a milling part(600). The turning roller part and transfer roller part are formed in the longitudinal direction of the pipe. The turning roller part turns the pipe. The transfer roller part transfers the pipe in the longitudinal direction of the pipe. The milling part seam-mills the welding part in the longitudinal direction of the pipe. The clamping part clamps the pipe with the elastic returning force of a buffer spring.

A virtual prototype model of machine tool is constructed by using the Pro/E software and the ANSYS software.Considering the effects of joints,this paper makes a study of dynamic analyses of machine tool and the effect of joints on the dynamic characteristics of machine tool to attain the purpose of synthetically predicting and evaluating the NC machine tool dynamic performance without a physical sample.

eng_Latn

Effect of the Interfacial Stress Distribution on the Material Interfacial Shear Strength Measurement

An integrated experimental and numerical analysis is carried out to study the interfacial shear strength of bonded materials. Two types of shear tests, namely the Iosipescu shear test, and the short-beam shear test are employed to understand the effect of interfacial stress on the interfacial shear strength measurements. The measured average shear strengths are very close, even though the interfacial shear stress distributions of these two kinds of specimens are very different. Therefore, we conclude that the interfacial stress distribution has the least effect on the interfacial strength measurement if the interfacial shear stress is non-singular.

The real-time identification and prediction are the two most important key parts during the intellectualized control of sheet forming.The selection of the input and output parameters for the identification and prediction of the neural network model is vital to the success of intellectualized control and the degree of the control precision.Factors influencing the process of forming and unloading are studied in this paper through finite element numerical simulation of the process of V-shape free bending of wide sheet metal using the software ANSYS.It provides the base for the selection of input and output parameters for the identification and prediction of the neural network model of intellectualized controlling for V-shape free bending of the wide sheet.

eng_Latn

Design and Research on New Type Treadmill

In view of well- designed treadmill is advantageous to healthy, the author analyzes the design problem of the existing treadmill which exists in using function, art function and material technique function and others, discusses the shape design, the color design and the components design. Among them t the components design mainly elaborate the bottom frame design, the handrail design and other designs. Then the possibility is analyzed. On this foundation, the design practice of new type treadmill is done.

A conception and method of space breeding mechanism study with solid statenuclear track detector is briefly introduced. The detector system, etching conditionsand measured parameters are described. The methodology of particle identification isdiscussed. Finally, dependence of variation observed in the field on hitting particlesis analysed.

eng_Latn

Support Vector Representation Machine for superalloy investment casting optimization

Abstract Machine learning techniques have been widely applied to production processes with the aim of improving product quality, supporting decision-making, or implementing process diagnostics. These techniques proved particularly useful in the investment casting manufacturing industry, where huge variety of heterogeneous data, related to different production processes, can be gathered and recorded but where traditional models fail due to the complexity of the production process. In this study, we apply Support Vector Representation Machine to production data from a manufacturing plant producing turbine blades through investment casting. We obtain an instance ranking that may be used to infer proper values of process parameter set-points.

In this paper, the structure characteristics of a transmitting device with stepped fit for high speed motorized spindles, and a detailed process of stress analysis to the shrink fitted joint in finite element analysis method is introduced. The reasonability of the structure design and reliability of the surplus joint are verified by analysis results.

eng_Latn

Method of compacting support particulates

Method and apparatus for compacting support particulates media around ceramic shell molds and around fugitive patterns wherein the mold or pattern is placed in a container and the container is filled with support particulates media. The container is set to rotating and vibrating while it is tilted. The combination of rotation and tilting cause voids at the wall of the mold or pattern to be constantly and methodically reoriented so that the free surface of the support media in the voids is moved past its dynamic angle of repose and is caused to flow into those voids by the combined action of the vibration and the constantly changing orientation of the voids relative to the gravity vector.

An approach for estimating the parameters of mixed Weibull distributions is presented. The problem is formulated as maximization of the likelihood function of the corresponding mixture model. For the solution of the optimization problem, Bare Bones Particle Swarm Optimization (BBPSO) algorithm is applied. Illustrative example for a case study using censored data are provided in order to show the suitability of the BBPSO algorithm for this kind of problem very common in lifetime modelling.

eng_Latn

Thermal analysis of conformal cooling channels in injection moulding

Cooling channel system in injection mould is crucial because it affects the moulded part quality and the rate of the moulding process. This paper presents a study of novel conformal cooling channel designs for injection moulds. Various cooling channel designs including conventional and conformal types are developed and analysed using Pro/Mechanica Thermal simulation software. Various designs and configurations including variation in channel cross section geometry are compared and evaluated in terms of cooling efficiency based on temperature distribution and cooling time using steady state and transient analysis conditions. Results show that the conformal cooling channel system with novel cross section designs obtain shorter cooling time and better temperature distribution in comparison to the conventional cooling channels.

The real-time identification and prediction are the two most important key parts during the intellectualized control of sheet forming.The selection of the input and output parameters for the identification and prediction of the neural network model is vital to the success of intellectualized control and the degree of the control precision.Factors influencing the process of forming and unloading are studied in this paper through finite element numerical simulation of the process of V-shape free bending of wide sheet metal using the software ANSYS.It provides the base for the selection of input and output parameters for the identification and prediction of the neural network model of intellectualized controlling for V-shape free bending of the wide sheet.

eng_Latn

Geometry processing in developing a software tool for NC wire EDM

Electric discharge machining EDM is widely used in mould making and die industries, and is also becoming a popular method for making prototypes and parts in aerospace, automobile and electronics industries. Wire EDM is typically used to cut plates and to make punches, tools and dies from hard metals that are difficult to machine with conventional methods. Although simple contours can be programmed and converted into numerical control NC codes for a NC wire EDM machine online, the process is time consuming. Some software can take less time, but cannot handle complex shapes. This paper presents a new software tool that can efficiently convert complex shapes into NC wire EDM programs with a high precision. Geometry processing adopted in the software tool, including view transformation, snapping and breaking algorithms, transformation of arc parameters, and data structure of geometric information is presented.

Recently, Advancements in information technology increasingly compact, lightweight, easy to pursuing the needs of users as (Needs) to meet the complex application of various types of products have been released. In this study, Numerical analysis of stress distribution and to optimize the location of the inserted device use to consisting of PVC material on the card and load displacement. In addition, through the bending test to evaluate the reliability of the specimen was carried out the validation of numerical analysis.

eng_Latn

Machine learning for noise removal on breast ultrasound images

This study assessed the utility of machine learning for isolating noise and artifacts in breast ultrasound images. Such corrupt image regions (ROIs) can be automatically excluded when registering images acquired from different angles. Artifacts included posterior acoustic shadowing and enhancement arising from cancers and cysts respectively. Images were obtained on a breast-mimicking phantom containing multiple cysts and lesions with variable speed of sound and attenuation properties. In vivo breast images of cysts and cancers were also available. Results show that the classifiers were able to identify the regions of corrupt data accurately.

A new modeling method based on sample data is described in this paper,through physics and sample date analysis on displacement vs.voltage characteristics of x-y plane of cylindrical piezoelectric scanner used in scanning probe microscope(SPM).Through sample data statistical analysis,and considering the error factors such as scan speed,scan angle,nonlinearity and coupling,a model represented by a binomial plus some error expressions is constructed.A nonlinearity correction expression based on the model is deduced.With the software Matlab this nonlinearity correction is simulated.The result of simulation indicates that it can eliminate the errors effectively.The ascendency of the method is that there are no polarization mechanism analysis and fewer number of model parameters.The method is practical applied to engineering.

eng_Latn

Shape Optimal Design for the Leg Parts of Chair

In this study, a chair with 5 or 6 legs was designed using the commercial program CATIA V5 in order to efficiently design considering the load conditions. In addition, the stress analysis and shape optimization were carried out using ANSYS Workbench for the chair consisting of stainless steel, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys and structural steel. As a result, a chair with five legs showed the maximum equivalent stress at the end of the edge of the wheel parts and on the other hand, a chair with six legs showed the maximum equivalent stress at the corner of the connecting parts of the pillar and leg. In addition, the material and the weight was reduced by shape optimization for the chair model with 5 legs and maximum equivalent stress for stainless steel was found that greatly relaxed, compared with that of before shape optimization model.

Complicated meshes used in numerical simulations on complex geometries often limit the applicability of multilevel techniques for fast solvers. We propose a way how this limitation can be circumvented if domain adaptation is used. We represent the geometry implicitly by its signed distance function and solve the problem on a larger domain taking account of the complex shape by adaptive refinement and subelement assembling routines. The software concepts of AMDiS [1] allow to deal with this situation in a nearly standard way. An example is shown which allows a detailed convergence analysis by comparing the numerical solution with an analytical solution.

eng_Latn

Experimental Investigation of Surface Roughness of Cutting Parameters in T6 Aluminum Alloy Milling Process

In this study, optimum machining conditions were determined by investigating the surface roughness of the 7075-T6 aluminum alloy milling, depending on the spindle speed (rpm), feed per tooth (Fz-mm/tooth) and the cooling type parameters. Taguchi experiment design method was used to save time and cost. Experiments were based on the Taguchi L16 orthogonal array and signal/noise (S/N) ratios were used in the evaluation of the test results. Optimum surface roughness values were determined with Taguchi optimization. In addition, variance analysis and regression analysis were performed. Confirmation tests were conducted to verify the work. As a result of the confirmation tests, it was found that the surface roughness optimization in the milling of the 7075-T6 aluminium alloy was successfully applied.

A New NASA Handbook presents recommended procedures for the preliminary and final design of equipment items exposed to various dynamic loads, including random vibration excitations.1 For the final design when the geometric details of the equipment items have been largely determined, finite element method (FEM) and statistical energy analysis (SEA) procedures can be employed to predict the maximum stresses in equipment items due to random vibration excitations at their mounting points. In the preliminary design phase, however, more approximate prediction techniques are often needed, as summarized in the Handbook. The purpose of this paper is to detail the rationale behind these preliminary procedures. Included are simple techniques to predict a maximum instantaneous stress during a short duration vibration environment and fatigue damage during a long-duration vibration environment, based only upon estimates for the frequency and damping ratio of the first significant resonance of the equipment.

eng_Latn

Relaxation methods for parallel in line calculations of the optimum control of large systems

The optimal regulation with a sliding horizon of complex, linear or non linear, processes necessitates a device which will accomplish in real time the collection of process data, the treatment of in line information, and the action on control variables.

Recently, Advancements in information technology increasingly compact, lightweight, easy to pursuing the needs of users as (Needs) to meet the complex application of various types of products have been released. In this study, Numerical analysis of stress distribution and to optimize the location of the inserted device use to consisting of PVC material on the card and load displacement. In addition, through the bending test to evaluate the reliability of the specimen was carried out the validation of numerical analysis.

eng_Latn

Calculation of the neutron distributions in complex heterogeneous nuclear reactor cells by the imbedded element method

A METHOD is described of calculating multidimensional neutron distributions, described by the gas-kinetic equation in V. S. Vladimirov’s form, in heterogeneous cells with a complex geometry of the internal and external boundaries. By means of a special choice of the spatial coordinate functions and the method of L. V. Kantorovich, the problem is reduced to the solution of a transport equation of integral form with respect to the scalar neutron flux density. Distinguishing features of the proposed method are: the absence of iterations with respect to the scattering integral and boundary conditions, the possibility of taking into account practically arbitrary geometry of the cell structure, and economy of the numerical algorithm in its realization by computer. The method is intended for the calculation of two and three-dimensional cells of power reactors and assemblies of various types.

Abstract Composites with aluminium alloy matrix and ceramic reinforcements are popular candidates in automotive, aerospace, defense and other industries because of their high strength-to-weight ratio, stiffness, impact strength, wear resistance, etc. In the present study AA 5083 / Nano SiC composite were fabricated by stir casting. A 2-level Full Factorial design of experiments (DOE) was used to study the influence of process parameters like casting temperature, stirrer speed, and weight percent of reinforcement on hardness of composites. Mathematical model was developed to investigate which parameters significantly affect the hardness of composites. The effect of parameters on the response and adequacy of hardness model developed were tested by employing ANOVA and Fisher’s F-test. This model can be used to select the optimum process parameters for obtaining the composites hardness within the range of experimental frame work.

eng_Latn

Study on the Response Characteristics of Automatic Welding Filter

To facilitate the application and development of the automatic welding filter, it is necessary to study its response characteristics. On the basis of the analysis and research about luminous transmittance and the scale number of the filter, this article proposes a solution to the specific definition of the response and holding time. By comparing different calculation methods in different standards, a felicitous way is chosen to describe the response characteristics accurately.

In the process of engineering machine's design, ansys damnified conduit's reliability, with Artificial Neural Network and Finite element methods, for example, the distortion conduit is corrodent or bended. this way give a very good solving way to imperfect structuress Reliability Analysis.

eng_Latn

Effect of Arc Spraying Power on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Pb-Sn Coating Deposited onto Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

In this study, Pb-Sn coatings were deposited on carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites (CFRE composites) by means of plasma spraying as a permeation barrier in the applications of composite pressure vessels. The bonding strength of the Pb-Sn coatings-substrates with different plasma spraying power was tested on a RGD-5 tensile testing machine. The microstructures of the as-sprayed coatings have been examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The result showed that the melting extent and the bond strength of the coatings were evidently improved with the increasing of spraying power. Observation of fracture surfaces shows that carbon fiber bundles can bond well with Pb-Sn coatings using 42 kW spraying power.

To deal with the market demand and the production organization feature of steel making enterprises,we formulate the optimization of charge design as a cluster analysis problem with quality constraints on chemical compositions.A particle-swarm-optimization-based(PSO-based) solution is proposed for reducing the dimensions based on the principal component analysis(PCA) techniques.The range constraints of chemical compositions for products with similar quality are introduced in terms of traditional process constraints,due time constraints and furnace capacity constraints,etc.The solution adopts an integration schema for charge plan and quality design.It performs the cluster analysis for candidate products with similar chemical compositions and constraints to realize the optimal charge design under quality constraints on steel products of multiple varieties and in small batch demands.

eng_Latn

Notice of RetractionStudent-centered college classroom teaching mode based on network teaching platform

Based on the current problems analysis of college classroom courses, the students' knowledge, cognitive characteristics and background were analyzed according to the constructivist theory of knowledge. Under the guidance of the advanced concept of education, teaching theory and learning theory, Web-based teaching curriculum platform is founded with design of learner-adapted learning resources, learning strategies and cognitive tools. The establishment of reasonable and effective teaching assessment, communication and feedback mechanisms is also discussed. The novel student-centered college classroom teaching mode using network and multimedia technology is described through a case study about the Foreign Language Teaching network platform of Hebei University and the network teaching platform of North China Electric Power University.

A new modeling method based on sample data is described in this paper,through physics and sample date analysis on displacement vs.voltage characteristics of x-y plane of cylindrical piezoelectric scanner used in scanning probe microscope(SPM).Through sample data statistical analysis,and considering the error factors such as scan speed,scan angle,nonlinearity and coupling,a model represented by a binomial plus some error expressions is constructed.A nonlinearity correction expression based on the model is deduced.With the software Matlab this nonlinearity correction is simulated.The result of simulation indicates that it can eliminate the errors effectively.The ascendency of the method is that there are no polarization mechanism analysis and fewer number of model parameters.The method is practical applied to engineering.

eng_Latn