conversations
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2
|
|---|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the mass number of a 3 1H atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "3"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are two discoveries from Rutherford's gold foil experiment"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1. most of the alpha particles went through Au foil UNDEFLECTED, most of the atoms volume is simply a vacuum\\n2. the alpha particles that were deflected made a distinct and repetitive pattern, the nucleus is positive, dense center of an atom"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Even though new models were discovered after Dalton created his principles, which of these principles are not held true today? (Model 2)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The idea that atoms of one element can neither be subdivided nor changed into atoms of any other element and all atoms of the same element are identical in mass, size, and other properties are no longer held true today"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "When Thomson put an electric field in the cathode ray tube, which charged plate did the cathode ray bend to? (Model 3)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Positive"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What did Thomson determine the charge of an electron to be? (Model 3)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Negative"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What was the significance of the fact that Thomson saw the same cathode rays for any gas with which he filled the tube? (Model 3)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "This significance is that this meant that electrons were a fundamental and universal constiute of matter (electons were in all matter)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Besides the discovery of the electron what else did Thomson discover? (Model 3)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "In addition, Thomson discovered the ratio of an electrons charge to its mass"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What did Rutherford expect to happen in his experiment? (Model 4)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Rutherford, expected the particles to barge their way straight through the gold atoms unobstructed by the diffused positive charge spread through the atom"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What actually happened? What did this mean about the makeup of the atom? (Model 4)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Some of the particles went through the gold like Rutherford had expected whereas others deflected back towards the scientists, meaning that the atom is mostly empty space and has a positive nucleus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What part of the atom is Rutherford credited for discovering? (Model 4)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Rutherford, is credited for discovering the nucleus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What was Millikan's main contribution to atomic theory? Give value for this discovery. (Model 5)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Millikan's main contribution to the atomic theory was that he was able to determine the size of the of the charge on an electron which was very important and gave us a better understanding of the atom."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are the circles around the nucleus called? What particle resides in them? (Model 6)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The circles around the nucleus are called orbitals and the particles that reside in them are called electrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can electrons move from one orbital to another? (Model 6)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1) An electron can jump from a higher-energy orbital to a lower-energy orbital\\n2) An electron can get boosted from a lower-energy orbital to a higher-energy orbital"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "In the Quantum Mechanical model, how do electrons travel? Where are they located? (Model 7)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "In the Quantum Mechanical model, electrons travel as both a particle and a wave (at the same time) in an electron cloud (where they are located)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many electrons will aluminum gain or lose when it forms an ion?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "lose 3"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the correct formula for iron (III) sulfide?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": ""
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following elements has the lowest electronegativity?\\nC, Li, N, O, F"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Li"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "electron-dot structure for carbon?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": ".\\n . c .\\n ."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following polyatomic ions has a positive charge?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": ""
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many protons does Gold have?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "79 (see image)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the atomic mass of Lithium?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "7 (see image)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the atomic mass of Gold?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "197 (see image)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why is an atom neutral? (Why does it have NO charge?)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Atoms have the SAME number of PROTONS and ELECTRONS"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What particles are in the center of an atom"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "protons and neutrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What particle are positively charged"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "protons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why is an atom neutral"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "all the positive and the negative charge balance each other out"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What parts of an atom make up almost all mass of an atom"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "nuetrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the atomic number of an element"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the number of protons in the nucleus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are isotopes"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "are atoms with the same number of protons and a different number of nuetrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many protons are in carbon"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "6 protons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How are elements identified in terms of an atom"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "They are identified by their atomic number"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why do scientists use models to study atoms"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "to test their theories about atoms"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who discovered protons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Rutherford"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who discovered electrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Thomson"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who used the gold foil experiment?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Rutherford"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who discovered the nucleus?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Rutherford"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who used the solar system/tree rings model?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Bohr"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who believed the atom was made mostly of space?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Rutherford"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who experimented with light emitted by pure elements in their gas form?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Bohr"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are equal in number?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Protons and electrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who discovered energy levels?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Bohr"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are negative particles in an atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Electrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who said \"opposites attract\" and \"like repels\"?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Thomson"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "An atom is made up of how many main particles?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Three"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what is a proton?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "small, positively charged particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what is an electron"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "a tiny, negatively charged particle that moves around the outside of the nucleus of an atom"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what is a neutron"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "a small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with no electrical charge"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what is an isotope"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "an atom with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following descriptions apply to the nucleus?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "..."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which expresses the number of neutrons in an atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Mass number minus atomic number"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "which expresses the number of protons in an atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the atomic number"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "which number is the same for the three isotopes oxygen-16, oxygen-17, and oxygen-18?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the number of protons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which occurs when an atom in an excited state returns to ground state?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "it gives off energy"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who, in the fourth century B.C., was the first person to suggest the idea of \"atoms\"?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Democritus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How do the isotopes hydrogen-1 and hydrogen-2 differ?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Hydrogen-2 has one neutron, hydrogen-1 has none"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which two particles have about the same mass?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Proton and neutron"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the fundamental building block that makes up all matter?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "atoms"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What would be the total net charge of an atom having 15 protons, 16 neutrons and 18 electrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "-3"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the subatomic particles determines what the element will be?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "protons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How did the scientist J.J Thomson compare his idea about atoms to English plum pudding?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Thomson believed that atoms were made of electrons spread throughout plum pudding."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "An atom is electrically neutral when it contains equal numbers of protons and electrons. What happens when its number of neutrons varies?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. Since a neutron has no charge, the atoms of all isotopes are electrically neutral. But isotopes have slightly different masses."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The nucleus of an isotope of an element has 9 protons and 10 neutrons. What is the atomic number of this element?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "9"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "If two atoms have different numbers of electrons, which property of the two atoms will be different?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "charge"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Mass - atomic # = NEUTRONS"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens when you add or subtract protons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "You get a new element."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens if electrons are added or removed?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "You get an ion."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What happens if you add or subtract neutrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "You get a new atomic mass."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "If you looked closely, could you see the wavelength of a fast-moving car? Explain your answer."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "You could not tell since it would be hard to focus on the vibrations of the car."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Using de Broglie's equation, λ = h/mv which would have a larger wavelength, a slow-moving proton or a fast-moving golf ball? Explain your answer."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A fast moving golf ball since the force and speed gives off more energy."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How do the Bohr model and quantum mechanical model of the atom differ in how they describe electrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The Bohr model shows the states of the nucleus and electrons while the quantum model shows the boundaries and density of the electrons in each atom."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many elements are represented by this letter? C"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1 element (A single capital letter = 1 element)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many elements are represented by these letters? Ca"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1 element (Capital letter followed by a lower case = 1 element)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many elements are represented by these letters? CH"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "2 elements (2 capital letters = 2 elements)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the smallest part of all matter?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "An Atom"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why Haven't Scientists been able to study atoms directly"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "They're too small"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is The Current Model of atom Called"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Electron Cloud Model"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What Are The Three Basic Parts of an Atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Protons positive charge; Neutrons No Charge; Electrons Negative Charge"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What Electrical Charges Do These Parts Have?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Protons positive charge; Neutrons No Charge; Electrons Negative Charge"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What Part of the atom takes up most of its space?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The Electron Cloud that Circles the nucleus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what are the particles of an atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "shell, neutron, proton, elecrtrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Democritus asked could matter be divided into smaller and smaller pieces forever, or there a ___ to the number of times a piece of matter could be ______?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "limit, divided"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The experiment surprised Thomson because the of the gas were _____. Where had the negative charges come from?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "uncharged"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "In Rutherford's experiment some of the ____ charged \"bullets\" however, did bounce away from the gold sheet as they had hit something___."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "positively, solid"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The probable of an electron is based on how much _____ the electron has."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "energy"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Location of electrons depends upon how much ___ the electrons has"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "energy"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are atoms?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "building blocks of elements"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How are compounds formed?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Two or more different atoms bond in simple ratios."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the symbol for an electron?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "e⁻"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the relative mass of an electron?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "0"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the symbol for a proton?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "p⁺"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the relative mass of a proton?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the symbol for a neutron?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "n"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the relative mass of a neutron?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Where in the atom are electrons located?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "on the outside"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Where in the atom are protons located?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "in the nucleus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Where in the atom are neutrons located?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "in the nucleus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How are elements arranged on the periodic table?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "by increasing atomic number"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What are columns of the periodic table called?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "chemical families or groups"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What do all atoms of an element have in common?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "They all have the same number of protons."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "If an atom is neutral, what is its net charge?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "0"
}
] |