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For the first time in history, all five major storm surge gates in the Netherlands are closed simultaneously in the wake of a storm.<sup about="#mwt261" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-50"}}' id="cite_ref-50" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_3#cite_note-50" id="mwAYE" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 50;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAYI">[50]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-50"><cite about="#mwt257" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" id="CITEREFRijkswaterstaat2018"><a class="mw-redirect" href="./Directorate-General_for_Public_Works_and_Water_Management" id="mwClw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Directorate-General for Public Works and Water Management">Rijkswaterstaat [@Rijkswaterstaat]</a> (January 3, 2018). <a class="external text" href="https://x.com/Rijkswaterstaat/status/948552979703005185" id="mwCl0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"#Uniek: Al onze vijf grote stormvloedkeringen sluiten vandaag! Dat is nog nooit eerder voorgekomen. De #Maeslantkering en de #Hartelkering zijn de laatste twee keringen die vanwege de storm en de verhoogde waterstanden dicht gaan. https://t.co/jig5fzCU8K"</a> (<a href="./Tweet_(social_media)" id="mwCl4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCl8">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCmA">31 December</span> 2020</span> <span id="mwCmE" typeof="mw:Entity">–</span> via <a href="./Twitter" id="mwCmI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span about="#mwt257" class="Z3988" id="mwCmM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%23Uniek%3A+Al+onze+vijf+grote+stormvloedkeringen+sluiten+vandaag%21+Dat+is+nog+nooit+eerder+voorgekomen.+De+%23Maeslantkering+en+de+%23Hartelkering+zijn+de+laatste+twee+keringen+die+vanwege+de+storm+en+de+verhoogde+waterstanden+dicht+gaan.+https%3A%2F%2Ft.co%2Fjig5fzCU8K&amp;rft.date=2018-01-03&amp;rft.au=Rijkswaterstaat&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FRijkswaterstaat%2Fstatus%2F948552979703005185&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+3"></span><link about="#mwt257" href="./Category:CS1_Dutch-language_sources_(nl)" id="mwCmQ" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chang'e_4" id="mwAYY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chang'e 4">Chang'e 4</a> makes the first soft landing on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Far_side_of_the_Moon" id="mwAYc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Far side of the Moon">far side of the Moon</a>, deploying the Yutu-2 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_rover" id="mwAYg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Lunar rover">lunar rover</a>.<sup about="#mwt266" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-51"}}' id="cite_ref-51" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_3#cite_note-51" id="mwAYk" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 51;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAYo">[51]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-51"><cite about="#mwt263" class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFClark2019">Clark, Stephen (5 January 2019). <a class="external text" href="https://spaceflightnow.com/2019/01/05/chinese-rover-begins-exploring-far-side-of-the-moon/" id="mwCmg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Chinese rover begins exploring far side of the moon"</a>. <i id="mwCmk">Spaceflight Now</i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190220063314/https://spaceflightnow.com/2019/01/05/chinese-rover-begins-exploring-far-side-of-the-moon/" id="mwCmo" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCms">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCmw">19 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt263" class="Z3988" id="mwCm0" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Spaceflight+Now&amp;rft.atitle=Chinese+rover+begins+exploring+far+side+of+the+moon&amp;rft.date=2019-01-05&amp;rft.aulast=Clark&amp;rft.aufirst=Stephen&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspaceflightnow.com%2F2019%2F01%2F05%2Fchinese-rover-begins-exploring-far-side-of-the-moon%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+3"></span></span>

Iranian General <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasem_Soleimani" id="mwAY4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Qasem Soleimani">Qasem Soleimani</a> is <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Baghdad_International_Airport_airstrike" id="mwAY8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2020 Baghdad International Airport airstrike">killed by an American airstrike</a> near <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baghdad_International_Airport" id="mwAZA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Baghdad International Airport">Baghdad International Airport</a>, igniting global concerns of a potential <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War" id="mwAZE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="War">armed conflict</a>.<sup about="#mwt271" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-52"}}' id="cite_ref-52" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_3#cite_note-52" id="mwAZI" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 52;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAZM">[52]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-52"><cite about="#mwt268" class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFCrowleyHassanSchmitt2020"><a href="./Michael_Crowley_(journalist)" id="mwCnE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Michael Crowley (journalist)">Crowley, Michael</a>; Hassan, Falih; <a href="./Eric_P._Schmitt" id="mwCnI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Eric P. Schmitt">Schmitt, Eric</a> (January 2, 2020). <a class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/02/world/middleeast/qassem-soleimani-iraq-iran-attack.html" id="mwCnM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"U.S. Strike in Iraq Kills Qassim Suleimani, Commander of Iranian Forces"</a>. <i id="mwCnQ"><a href="./The_New_York_Times" id="mwCnU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200103022034/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/02/world/middleeast/qassem-soleimani-iraq-iran-attack.html" id="mwCnY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCnc">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCng">January 3,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt268" class="Z3988" id="mwCnk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=U.S.+Strike+in+Iraq+Kills+Qassim+Suleimani%2C+Commander+of+Iranian+Forces&amp;rft.date=2020-01-02&amp;rft.aulast=Crowley&amp;rft.aufirst=Michael&amp;rft.au=Hassan%2C+Falih&amp;rft.au=Schmitt%2C+Eric&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F01%2F02%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fqassem-soleimani-iraq-iran-attack.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+3"></span></span>

Singapore's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurong_Bird_Park" id="mwAZc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jurong Bird Park">Jurong Bird Park</a> permanently closes.<sup about="#mwt276" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-53"}}' id="cite_ref-53" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_3#cite_note-53" id="mwAZg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 53;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAZk">[53]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-53"><cite about="#mwt273" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCn0"><a class="external text" href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/rain-fails-dampen-spirits-jurong-bird-parks-last-day-operations-3180776" id="mwCn4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Rain fails to dampen spirits on Jurong Bird Park's last day of operations"</a>. <i id="mwCn8"><a href="./CNA_(TV_network)" id="mwCoA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="CNA (TV network)">CNA</a></i>. January 4, 2023. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230104004922/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/rain-fails-dampen-spirits-jurong-bird-parks-last-day-operations-3180776" id="mwCoE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on January 4, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCoI">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCoM">January 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt273" class="Z3988" id="mwCoQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=CNA&amp;rft.atitle=Rain+fails+to+dampen+spirits+on+Jurong+Bird+Park%27s+last+day+of+operations&amp;rft.date=2023-01-04&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelnewsasia.com%2Fsingapore%2Frain-fails-dampen-spirits-jurong-bird-parks-last-day-operations-3180776&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+3"></span></span>

At least 91 people are killed in <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerman_bombings" id="mwAZ0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kerman bombings">bombings</a> in <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerman,_Iran" id="mwAZ4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kerman, Iran">Kerman, Iran</a>, during a ceremony commemorating the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" id="mwAZ8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Assassination of Qasem Soleimani">assassination</a> of Iranian General <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasem_Soleimani" id="mwAaA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Qasem Soleimani">Qasem Soleimani</a> 4 years ago.<sup about="#mwt281" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-54"}}' id="cite_ref-54" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_3#cite_note-54" id="mwAaE" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 54;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAaI">[54]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-54"><cite about="#mwt278" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCog"><a class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/iran-islamic-state-soleimani-attack-killed-b6f1fee20401e0520fc0c1b7a042a7b2" id="mwCok" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Death toll in Islamic State-claimed suicide blasts rises to 91"</a>. <i id="mwCoo">AP News</i>. 2024-01-06. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240106093100/https://apnews.com/article/iran-islamic-state-soleimani-attack-killed-b6f1fee20401e0520fc0c1b7a042a7b2" id="mwCos" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-01-06<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCow">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCo0">2024-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt278" class="Z3988" id="mwCo4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=AP+News&amp;rft.atitle=Death+toll+in+Islamic+State-claimed+suicide+blasts+rises+to+91&amp;rft.date=2024-01-06&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Firan-islamic-state-soleimani-attack-killed-b6f1fee20401e0520fc0c1b7a042a7b2&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+3"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar" id="mwEQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> fights <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titus_Labienus" id="mwEg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Titus Labienus">Titus Labienus</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Ruspina" id="mwEw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Ruspina">Battle of Ruspina</a>.<sup about="#mwt15" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"}}' id="cite_ref-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-1" id="mwFA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 1;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwFQ">[1]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"><cite about="#mwt12" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFEvelyn_Shirley_Shuckburgh1902">Evelyn Shirley Shuckburgh (1902). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A-DQAAAAMAAJ" id="mwB8E" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB8I">A History of Rome to the Battle of Actium</i></a>. Macmillan.</cite><span about="#mwt12" class="Z3988" id="mwB8M" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+History+of+Rome+to+the+Battle+of+Actium&amp;rft.pub=Macmillan&amp;rft.date=1902&amp;rft.au=Evelyn+Shirley+Shuckburgh&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA-DQAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Reading_(871)" id="mwGQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Reading (871)">Battle of Reading</a>: <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Æthelred_of_Wessex" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Æthelred of Wessex">Æthelred of Wessex</a> and his brother <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_the_Great" id="mwGw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Alfred the Great">Alfred</a> are defeated by a Danish invasion army.<sup about="#mwt20" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"auto"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-auto-2"}}' id="cite_ref-auto_2-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-auto-2" id="mwHA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 2;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwHQ">[2]</span></a></sup>

English Civil War: King <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" id="mwIw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a>, accompanied by 400 soldiers, attempts to arrest five members of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_England" id="mwJA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Parliament of England">Parliament</a> for treason, only to discover the men had been tipped off and fled.<sup about="#mwt25" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-3"}}' id="cite_ref-3" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-3" id="mwJQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 3;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwJg">[3]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-3"><cite about="#mwt22" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMiller2006">Miller, John (2006). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YHyjdrLDf7IC" id="mwB9U" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB9Y">The Stuarts</i></a>. London: Hambledon and London. p.<span id="mwB9c" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>30. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB9g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB9k" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/9781852855451" id="mwB9o" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/9781852855451"><bdi id="mwB9s">9781852855451</bdi></a>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231102074335/https://books.google.com/books?id=YHyjdrLDf7IC" id="mwB9w" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-11-02<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwB90">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwB94">2023-01-04</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt22" class="Z3988" id="mwB98" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Stuarts&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pages=30&amp;rft.pub=Hambledon+and+London&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.isbn=9781852855451&amp;rft.aulast=Miller&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYHyjdrLDf7IC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

English Civil War: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rump_Parliament" id="mwKg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rump Parliament">Rump Parliament</a> votes to put Charles I on trial.<sup about="#mwt30" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"}}' id="cite_ref-4" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-4" id="mwKw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 4;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwLA">[4]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"><cite about="#mwt27" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFCorinne_Weston2010">Corinne Weston (22 January 2010). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z5haBwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA38" id="mwB-M" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB-Q">English Constitutional Theory and the House of Lords 1556-1832 (Routledge Revivals)</i></a>. Routledge. p.<span id="mwB-U" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>38. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB-Y" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB-c" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-136-97269-0" id="mwB-g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-97269-0"><bdi id="mwB-k">978-1-136-97269-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt27" class="Z3988" id="mwB-o" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=English+Constitutional+Theory+and+the+House+of+Lords+1556-1832+%28Routledge+Revivals%29&amp;rft.pages=38&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2010-01-22&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-136-97269-0&amp;rft.au=Corinne+Weston&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dz5haBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA38&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Republic" id="mwMA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dutch Republic">Netherlands</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" id="mwMQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a>, and France sign the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_Alliance_(1717)" id="mwMg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Triple Alliance (1717)">Triple Alliance</a>.<sup about="#mwt35" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"}}' id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-5" id="mwMw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 5;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwNA">[5]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"><cite about="#mwt32" class="citation book cs1" id="mwB-4"><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283068" id="mwB-8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB_A">The Cambridge Modern History</i></a>. CUP Archive. 1907. p.<span id="mwB_E" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283068/page/n54" id="mwB_I" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">27</a>.</cite><span about="#mwt32" class="Z3988" id="mwB_M" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Modern+History&amp;rft.pages=27&amp;rft.pub=CUP+Archive&amp;rft.date=1907&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.283068&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

Great Britain declares war on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spain" id="mwOA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Spain">Spain</a>, which meant the entry of Spain into the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Years'_War" id="mwOQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>.<sup about="#mwt40" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-6"}}' id="cite_ref-6" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-6" id="mwOg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 6;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwOw">[6]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-6"><cite about="#mwt37" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFJunius_P._Rodriguez2002">Junius P. Rodriguez (2002). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Qs7GAwwdzyQC&amp;pg=PA118" id="mwB_c" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB_g">The Louisiana Purchase: A Historical and Geographical Encyclopedia</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p.<span id="mwB_k" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>118. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB_o" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB_s" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-188-5" id="mwB_w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-188-5"><bdi id="mwB_0">978-1-57607-188-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt37" class="Z3988" id="mwB_4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Louisiana+Purchase%3A+A+Historical+and+Geographical+Encyclopedia&amp;rft.pages=118&amp;rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-57607-188-5&amp;rft.au=Junius+P.+Rodriguez&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQs7GAwwdzyQC%26pg%3DPA118&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_Hangerli" id="mwPw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Constantine Hangerli">Constantine Hangerli</a> arrives in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucharest" id="mwQA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallachia" id="mwQQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Wallachia">Wallachia</a>, as its new <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_of_Wallachia" id="mwQg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Prince of Wallachia">Prince</a>, invested by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" id="mwQw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>.<sup about="#mwt42" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-7"}}' id="cite_ref-7" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-7" id="mwRA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 7;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwRQ">[7]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-7">Anton Caragea, "Ceasul cel mare al lui Constantin Hangerli" ("Constantin Hangerli's Big Hour"), in <i id="mwCAE">Magazin Istoric</i>, December 2000</span>

The first issue of the Swedish-languaged <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saima_(newspaper)" id="mwSQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Saima (newspaper)"><i id="mwSg">Saima</i> newspaper</a> founded by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Vilhelm_Snellman" id="mwSw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Johan Vilhelm Snellman">J. V. Snellman</a> is published in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuopio" id="mwTA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kuopio">Kuopio, Finland</a>.<sup about="#mwt48" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-8"}}' id="cite_ref-8" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-8" id="mwTQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 8;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwTg">[8]</span></a></sup><sup about="#mwt52" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-9"}}' id="cite_ref-9" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-9" id="mwTw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 9;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwUA">[9]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-8"><cite about="#mwt45" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCAU"><a class="external text" href="https://digi.kansalliskirjasto.fi/sanomalehti/titles/1457-456X/data?set_language=en" id="mwCAY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Saima"</a>. <i id="mwCAc">Digital Collections</i>. The <a href="./National_Library_of_Finland" id="mwCAg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="National Library of Finland">National Library of Finland</a>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240122145626/https://digi.kansalliskirjasto.fi/sanomalehti/titles/1457-456X/data?set_language=en" id="mwCAk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 22 January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCAo">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCAs">22 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt45" class="Z3988" id="mwCAw" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Digital+Collections&amp;rft.atitle=Saima&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigi.kansalliskirjasto.fi%2Fsanomalehti%2Ftitles%2F1457-456X%2Fdata%3Fset_language%3Den&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

After having been kidnapped and sold into slavery in the American South, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_Northup" id="mwVA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Solomon Northup">Solomon Northup</a> regains his freedom; his memoir <i id="mwVQ"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelve_Years_a_Slave" id="mwVg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Twelve Years a Slave">Twelve Years a Slave</a></i> later becomes a national bestseller.<sup about="#mwt57" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-10"}}' id="cite_ref-10" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-10" id="mwVw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 10;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwWA">[10]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-10"><cite about="#mwt54" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFJoseph_Stromberg2014">Joseph Stromberg (3 March 2014). <a class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/new-york-times-1853-coverage-solomon-northup-hero-12-years-slave-180949944/" id="mwCBo" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"The New York Times' 1853 Coverage of Solomon Northup, the Hero of "12 Years A Slave"<span class="cs1-kern-right" id="mwCBs"></span>"</a>. <i id="mwCBw">Smithsonian Magazine</i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190531175044/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/new-york-times-1853-coverage-solomon-northup-hero-12-years-slave-180949944/" id="mwCB0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 31 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCB4">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCB8">31 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt54" class="Z3988" id="mwCCA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Magazine&amp;rft.atitle=The+New+York+Times%27+1853+Coverage+of+Solomon+Northup%2C+the+Hero+of+%2212+Years+A+Slave%22&amp;rft.date=2014-03-03&amp;rft.au=Joseph+Stromberg&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fhistory%2Fnew-york-times-1853-coverage-solomon-northup-hero-12-years-slave-180949944%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heard_Island_and_McDonald_Islands" id="mwXA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">McDonald Islands</a> are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the <i id="mwXQ">Samarang</i>.<sup about="#mwt62" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-11"}}' id="cite_ref-11" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-11" id="mwXg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 11;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwXw">[11]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-11"><cite about="#mwt59" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFWilliam_James_Mills2003">William James Mills (2003). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PYdBH4dOOM4C&amp;pg=PA291" id="mwCCQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCCU">Exploring Polar Frontiers: A Historical Encyclopedia</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p.<span id="mwCCY" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>291. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCCc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCCg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-422-0" id="mwCCk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-422-0"><bdi id="mwCCo">978-1-57607-422-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt59" class="Z3988" id="mwCCs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Exploring+Polar+Frontiers%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia&amp;rft.pages=291&amp;rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-57607-422-0&amp;rft.au=William+James+Mills&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPYdBH4dOOM4C%26pg%3DPA291&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Apostolic_Church" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="New Apostolic Church">New Apostolic Church</a>, a Christian and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millennialism" id="mwZA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Millennialism">chiliastic</a> church, is established in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamburg" id="mwZQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, Germany.<sup about="#mwt64" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-12"}}' id="cite_ref-12" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-12" id="mwZg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 12;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwZw">[12]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-12"><i id="mwCC4">Teacher's Manual for Religious Instruction in the New Apostolic Church Vol 3.</i>, NAKI 2001</span>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877–78)" id="mwaw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)">Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofia" id="mwbA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sofia">Sofia</a> is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Sofia" id="mwbQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Sofia">liberated</a> from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman_Bulgaria" id="mwbg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ottoman Bulgaria">Ottoman rule</a>.<sup about="#mwt69" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-13"}}' id="cite_ref-13" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-13" id="mwbw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 13;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwcA">[13]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-13"><cite about="#mwt66" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFStanley_Sandler2002">Stanley Sandler (2002). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L_xxOM85bD8C&amp;pg=PA690" id="mwCDI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCDM">Ground Warfare: An International Encyclopedia</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p.<span id="mwCDQ" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>690. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCDU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCDY" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-344-5" id="mwCDc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-344-5"><bdi id="mwCDg">978-1-57607-344-5</bdi></a>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150911170727/https://books.google.com/books?id=L_xxOM85bD8C&amp;pg=PA690" id="mwCDk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-09-11<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCDo">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCDs">2019-06-12</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt66" class="Z3988" id="mwCDw" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Ground+Warfare%3A+An+International+Encyclopedia&amp;rft.pages=690&amp;rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-57607-344-5&amp;rft.au=Stanley+Sandler&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL_xxOM85bD8C%26pg%3DPA690&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Society" id="mwdA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Fabian Society">Fabian Society</a> is founded in London, United Kingdom.<sup about="#mwt74" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-14"}}' id="cite_ref-14" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-14" id="mwdQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 14;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwdg">[14]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-14"><cite about="#mwt71" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFA._M._McBriar1962">A. M. McBriar (1962). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=olQ4AAAAIAAJ&amp;pg=PA3" id="mwCEA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCEE">Fabian Socialism and English Politics, 1884-1918</i></a>. CUP Archive. p.<span id="mwCEI" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>3.</cite><span about="#mwt71" class="Z3988" id="mwCEM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Fabian+Socialism+and+English+Politics%2C+1884-1918&amp;rft.pages=3&amp;rft.pub=CUP+Archive&amp;rft.date=1962&amp;rft.au=A.+M.+McBriar&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DolQ4AAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA3&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-French_War" id="mweg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sino-French War">Sino-French War</a>: French troops under General <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_de_Négrier" id="mwew" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Oscar de Négrier">Oscar de Négrier</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Núi_Bop" id="mwfA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Núi Bop">defeat</a> a numerically superior <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynasty" id="mwfQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Qing dynasty">Qing</a> force at Núi Bop in northern Vietnam.<sup about="#mwt76" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-15"}}' id="cite_ref-15" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-15" id="mwfg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 15;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwfw">[15]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-15">Lecomte, J., Lang-Son: combats, retraite et négociations (Paris, 1895). p. 169–71</span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah" id="mwgw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Utah">Utah</a> is admitted as the 45th <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._state" id="mwhA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a>.<sup about="#mwt81" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-16"}}' id="cite_ref-16" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-16" id="mwhQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 16;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwhg">[16]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-16"><cite about="#mwt78" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFCHARLES_MORRIS1899">CHARLES MORRIS (1899). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5KSg1g7ZnyQC&amp;pg=PT814" id="mwCEk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCEo">The Greater Republic: A History of the United States</i></a>. Library of Alexandria. p.<span id="mwCEs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>814. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCEw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCE0" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-4655-0887-4" id="mwCE4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4655-0887-4"><bdi id="mwCE8">978-1-4655-0887-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt78" class="Z3988" id="mwCFA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Greater+Republic%3A+A+History+of+the+United+States&amp;rft.pages=814&amp;rft.pub=Library+of+Alexandria&amp;rft.date=1899&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4655-0887-4&amp;rft.au=CHARLES+MORRIS&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5KSg1g7ZnyQC%26pg%3DPT814&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topsy_(elephant)" id="mwjA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Topsy (elephant)">Topsy</a>, an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant" id="mwjQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Elephant">elephant</a>, is electrocuted by the owners of <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_Park,_Coney_Island_(1903)" id="mwjg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Luna Park, Coney Island (1903)">Luna Park, Coney Island</a>. The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edison_Studios" id="mwjw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Edison Studios">Edison film company</a> records the film <i id="mwkA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocuting_an_Elephant" id="mwkQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Electrocuting an Elephant">Electrocuting an Elephant</a></i> of Topsy's death.<sup about="#mwt83" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-17"}}' id="cite_ref-17" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-17" id="mwkg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 17;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwkw">[17]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-17">Daly, Michael (2013). Topsy: The Startling Story of the Crooked-tailed Elephant, P.T. Barnum, and the American Wizard, Thomas Edison, page 282</span>

Explorer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeneas_Mackintosh" id="mwlw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aeneas Mackintosh">Aeneas Mackintosh</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Trans-Antarctic_Expedition" id="mwmA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition">Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition</a> escaped death by fleeing across <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drift_ice" id="mwmQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Drift ice">ice floes</a>.<sup about="#mwt88" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-18"}}' id="cite_ref-18" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-18" id="mwmg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 18;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwmw">[18]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-18"><cite about="#mwt85" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFRiffenburgh2004"><a href="./Beau_Riffenburgh" id="mwCFY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Beau Riffenburgh">Riffenburgh, Beau</a> (2004). <i id="mwCFc">Nimrod</i>. London: Bloomsbury Publications. p.<span id="mwCFg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>266. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCFk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCFo" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/0-7475-7253-4" id="mwCFs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/0-7475-7253-4"><bdi id="mwCFw">0-7475-7253-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt85" class="Z3988" id="mwCF0" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Nimrod&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pages=266&amp;rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publications&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=0-7475-7253-4&amp;rft.aulast=Riffenburgh&amp;rft.aufirst=Beau&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scout_Association" id="mwnw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="The Scout Association">The Scout Association</a> is incorporated throughout the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire" id="mwoA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="British Empire">British Empire</a> by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_charter" id="mwoQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Royal charter">royal charter</a>.<sup about="#mwt93" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-19"}}' id="cite_ref-19" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-19" id="mwog" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 19;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwow">[19]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-19"><cite about="#mwt90" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCGE"><a class="external text" href="https://scoutdocs.ca/Scouts_Canada_Act/Royal_Charter.php" id="mwCGI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Royal Charter of The Boy Scouts Association"</a>. <i id="mwCGM">Scouts Canada</i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171025134620/https://scoutdocs.ca/Scouts_Canada_Act/Royal_Charter.php" id="mwCGQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCGU">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCGY">14 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt90" class="Z3988" id="mwCGc" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Scouts+Canada&amp;rft.atitle=Royal+Charter+of+The+Boy+Scouts+Association&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscoutdocs.ca%2FScouts_Canada_Act%2FRoyal_Charter.php&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_Declaration_of_Independence" id="mwpw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Finnish Declaration of Independence">Finnish Declaration of Independence</a> is recognized by Russia, Sweden, Germany and France.<sup about="#mwt98" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-20"}}' id="cite_ref-20" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-20" id="mwqA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 20;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwqQ">[20]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-20"><cite about="#mwt95" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFSuzanne_Lalonde2002">Suzanne Lalonde (6 December 2002). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=x7qEqVpq9poC&amp;pg=PA66" id="mwCGs" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCGw">Determining Boundaries in a Conflicted World: The Role of Uti Possidetis</i></a>. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. p.<span id="mwCG0" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>66. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCG4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCG8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-7735-2424-8" id="mwCHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7735-2424-8"><bdi id="mwCHE">978-0-7735-2424-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt95" class="Z3988" id="mwCHI" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Determining+Boundaries+in+a+Conflicted+World%3A+The+Role+of+Uti+Possidetis&amp;rft.pages=66&amp;rft.pub=McGill-Queen%27s+Press+-+MQUP&amp;rft.date=2002-12-06&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7735-2424-8&amp;rft.au=Suzanne+Lalonde&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dx7qEqVpq9poC%26pg%3DPA66&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II" id="mwrQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="World War II">World War II</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Carpetbagger" id="mwrg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Operation Carpetbagger">Operation Carpetbagger</a>, involving the dropping of arms and supplies to resistance fighters in Europe, begins.<sup about="#mwt103" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-21"}}' id="cite_ref-21" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-21" id="mwrw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 21;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwsA">[21]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-21"><cite about="#mwt100" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCHY"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2HpZ11L1Md8C" id="mwCHc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCHg">Anything, Anywhere, Anytime: An Illustrated History of the Military Airlift Command, 1941-1991</i></a>. Headquarters Military Airlift Command. 1991. p.<span id="mwCHk" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>52.</cite><span about="#mwt100" class="Z3988" id="mwCHo" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Anything%2C+Anywhere%2C+Anytime%3A+An+Illustrated+History+of+the+Military+Airlift+Command%2C+1941-1991&amp;rft.pages=52&amp;rft.pub=Headquarters+Military+Airlift+Command&amp;rft.date=1991&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2HpZ11L1Md8C&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

The first day of a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornado_outbreak_of_January_4–6,_1946" id="mwtA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tornado outbreak of January 4–6, 1946">three-day “disastrous” tornado outbreak</a> across the south-central United States leaves 41 people dead and at least 412 others injured.<sup about="#mwt109" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-22"}}' id="cite_ref-22" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-22" id="mwtQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 22;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwtg">[22]</span></a></sup><sup about="#mwt113" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-23"}}' id="cite_ref-23" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-23" id="mwtw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 23;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwuA">[23]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-22"><cite about="#mwt106" class="citation journal cs1" id="CITEREFL._H._Seamon_(U.S._Weather_Bureau)1946">L. H. Seamon (U.S. Weather Bureau) (1 December 1946). <a class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0493%281946%29074%3C0211%3APROTIT%3E2.0.CO%3B2" id="mwCH4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Preliminary Report on Tornadoes in the United States During 1946"</a>. <i id="mwCH8">Monthly Weather Review</i>. <b id="mwCIA">74</b> (12): 211–213. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./Doi_(identifier)" id="mwCIE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" id="mwCII" title="Freely accessible"><a class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0493%281946%29074%3C0211%3APROTIT%3E2.0.CO%3B2" id="mwCIM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">10.1175/1520-0493(1946)074<span id="mwCIQ" typeof="mw:Entity">&lt;</span>0211:PROTIT<span id="mwCIU" typeof="mw:Entity">&gt;</span>2.0.CO<span id="mwCIY" typeof="mw:Entity">;</span>2</a></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt106" class="Z3988" id="mwCIc" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Monthly+Weather+Review&amp;rft.atitle=Preliminary+Report+on+Tornadoes+in+the+United+States+During+1946&amp;rft.volume=74&amp;rft.issue=12&amp;rft.pages=211-213&amp;rft.date=1946-12-01&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1175%2F1520-0493%281946%29074%3C0211%3APROTIT%3E2.0.CO%3B2&amp;rft.au=L.+H.+Seamon+%28U.S.+Weather+Bureau%29&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1175%252F1520-0493%25281946%2529074%253C0211%253APROTIT%253E2.0.CO%253B2&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmar" id="mwvA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Myanmar">Burma</a> gains its independence from the United Kingdom, becoming an independent republic.<sup about="#mwt118" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-24"}}' id="cite_ref-24" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-24" id="mwvQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 24;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwvg">[24]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-24"><cite about="#mwt115" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFBertil_Lintner1999">Bertil Lintner (1 May 1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" id="mwCJY" title="Free registration required"><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/burmainrevoltopi0000lint" id="mwCJc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCJg">Burma in Revolt: Opium and Insurgency since 1948</i></a></span>. Silkworm Books. pp.<span id="mwCJk" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/burmainrevoltopi0000lint/page/11" id="mwCJo" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">11</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCJs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCJw" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-63041-184-8" id="mwCJ0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-63041-184-8"><bdi id="mwCJ4">978-1-63041-184-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt115" class="Z3988" id="mwCJ8" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Burma+in+Revolt%3A+Opium+and+Insurgency+since+1948&amp;rft.pages=11&amp;rft.pub=Silkworm+Books&amp;rft.date=1999-05-01&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-63041-184-8&amp;rft.au=Bertil+Lintner&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fburmainrevoltopi0000lint&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_War" id="mwwg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>: Chinese and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Korea" id="mwww" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="North Korea">North Korean</a> forces <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Seoul" id="mwxA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Third Battle of Seoul">capture Seoul</a> for the second time.<sup about="#mwt123" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-25"}}' id="cite_ref-25" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-25" id="mwxQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 25;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwxg">[25]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-25"><cite about="#mwt120" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCKM"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZvsaAQAAMAAJ" id="mwCKQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCKU">New Encyclop3Œdia Britannica: Macrop3Œdia</i></a>. Encyclop3Œdia Britannica. 1997. p.<span id="mwCKY" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>501. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCKc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCKg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/9780852296332" id="mwCKk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/9780852296332"><bdi id="mwCKo">9780852296332</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt120" class="Z3988" id="mwCKs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=New+Encyclop3%C5%92dia+Britannica%3A+Macrop3%C5%92dia&amp;rft.pages=501&amp;rft.pub=Encyclop3%C5%92dia+Britannica&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.isbn=9780852296332&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZvsaAQAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

The Greek <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Radical_Union" id="mwyg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="National Radical Union">National Radical Union</a> is formed by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantinos_Karamanlis" id="mwyw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Konstantinos Karamanlis">Konstantinos Karamanlis</a>.<sup about="#mwt128" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-26"}}' id="cite_ref-26" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-26" id="mwzA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 26;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwzQ">[26]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-26"><cite about="#mwt125" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCK8"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r8ISAAAAIAAJ" id="mwCLA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCLE">Political Handbook of the World</i></a>. Center for Comparative Political Research of the State University of New York at Binghamton and for the Council on Foreign Relations. 1963. p.<span id="mwCLI" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>89.</cite><span about="#mwt125" class="Z3988" id="mwCLM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Political+Handbook+of+the+World&amp;rft.pages=89&amp;rft.pub=Center+for+Comparative+Political+Research+of+the+State+University+of+New+York+at+Binghamton+and+for+the+Council+on+Foreign+Relations&amp;rft.date=1963&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dr8ISAAAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_1" id="mw0Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sputnik 1">Sputnik 1</a>, the first artificial Earth satellite, launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, falls to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth" id="mw0g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Earth">Earth</a> from orbit.<sup about="#mwt133" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-27"}}' id="cite_ref-27" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-27" id="mw0w" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 27;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw1A">[27]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-27"><cite about="#mwt130" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFAnil_K._MainiVarsha_Agrawal2007">Anil K. Maini; Varsha Agrawal (29 January 2007). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Qw7ECiEvy5kC&amp;pg=PA8" id="mwCLc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCLg">Satellite Technology: Principles and Applications</i></a>. John Wiley &amp; Sons. p.<span id="mwCLk" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>8. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCLo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCLs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-470-03335-7" id="mwCLw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-03335-7"><bdi id="mwCL0">978-0-470-03335-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt130" class="Z3988" id="mwCL4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Satellite+Technology%3A+Principles+and+Applications&amp;rft.pages=8&amp;rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&amp;rft.date=2007-01-29&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-470-03335-7&amp;rft.au=Anil+K.+Maini&amp;rft.au=Varsha+Agrawal&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQw7ECiEvy5kC%26pg%3DPA8&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<i id="mw2A"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_1" id="mw2Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Luna 1">Luna 1</a></i> becomes the first <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacecraft" id="mw2g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Spacecraft">spacecraft</a> to reach the vicinity of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon" id="mw2w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Moon">Moon</a>.<sup about="#mwt138" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-28"}}' id="cite_ref-28" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-28" id="mw3A" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 28;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw3Q">[28]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-28"><cite about="#mwt135" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCMI"><a class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1959-012A" id="mwCMM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Luna 1"</a>. <i id="mwCMQ">NASA</i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190602031816/https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1959-012A" id="mwCMU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCMY">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCMc">8 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt135" class="Z3988" id="mwCMg" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NASA&amp;rft.atitle=Luna+1&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fnmc%2Fspacecraft%2Fdisplay.action%3Fid%3D1959-012A&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_Heilbron" id="mw4Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rose Heilbron">Rose Heilbron</a> becomes the first female judge to sit at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Bailey" id="mw4g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Old Bailey">Old Bailey</a> in London, UK.<sup about="#mwt143" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-29"}}' id="cite_ref-29" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-29" id="mw4w" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 29;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw5A">[29]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-29"><cite about="#mwt140" class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFShennan2012">Shennan, Paddy (2012-10-26). <a class="external text" href="https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/hilary-heilbron-writing-life-story-3333354" id="mwCMw" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Hilary Heilbron on writing the life story of her mother – the late Liverpool legal pioneer Dame Rose Heilbron"</a>. <i id="mwCM0">liverpoolecho</i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181125204535/https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/hilary-heilbron-writing-life-story-3333354" id="mwCM4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-11-25<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCM8">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCNA">2018-11-25</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt140" class="Z3988" id="mwCNE" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=liverpoolecho&amp;rft.atitle=Hilary+Heilbron+on+writing+the+life+story+of+her+mother+%E2%80%93+the+late+Liverpool+legal+pioneer+Dame+Rose+Heilbron&amp;rft.date=2012-10-26&amp;rft.aulast=Shennan&amp;rft.aufirst=Paddy&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.liverpoolecho.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fliverpool-news%2Fhilary-heilbron-writing-life-story-3333354&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

This date overflowed the 12-bit field that had been used in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOPS-10" id="mw6A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="TOPS-10">TOPS-10</a>. There were numerous problems and crashes related to this bug while an alternative format was developed.<sup about="#mwt148" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-30"}}' id="cite_ref-30" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-30" id="mw6Q" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 30;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw6g">[30]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-30"><cite about="#mwt145" class="citation journal cs1" id="CITEREFNeumann1987">Neumann, Peter G. (1987-02-02). <a class="external text" href="https://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks/4.45.html" id="mwCNU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"The RISKS Digest, Volume 4 Issue 45"</a>. <i id="mwCNY">The RISKS Digest, Volume 4 Issue 45</i>. <b id="mwCNc">4</b> (45). <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210720061243/http://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks/4.45.html" id="mwCNg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-07-20<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCNk">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCNo">2021-07-20</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt145" class="Z3988" id="mwCNs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+RISKS+Digest%2C+Volume+4+Issue+45&amp;rft.atitle=The+RISKS+Digest%2C+Volume+4+Issue+45&amp;rft.volume=4&amp;rft.issue=45&amp;rft.date=1987-02-02&amp;rft.aulast=Neumann&amp;rft.aufirst=Peter+G.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatless.ncl.ac.uk%2FRisks%2F4.45.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Troubles" id="mw7g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a>: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulster_Volunteer_Force" id="mw7w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ulster Volunteer Force">Ulster Volunteer Force</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reavey_and_O'Dowd_killings" id="mw8A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Reavey and O'Dowd killings">shoots dead six Irish Catholic civilians</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_Armagh" id="mw8Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="County Armagh">County Armagh</a>, Northern Ireland. The next day, gunmen <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingsmill_massacre" id="mw8g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kingsmill massacre">would shoot dead ten Protestant civilians</a> nearby in retaliation.<sup about="#mwt153" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-31"}}' id="cite_ref-31" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-31" id="mw8w" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 31;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw9A">[31]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-31"><cite about="#mwt150" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCN8"><span class="id-lock-registration" id="mwCOA" title="Free registration required"><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781840182279" id="mwCOE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCOI">Lost Lives: The Stories of the Men, Women, and Children who Died as a Result of the Northern Ireland Troubles</i></a></span>. Mainstream. 1999. p.<span id="mwCOM" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781840182279/page/610" id="mwCOQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">610</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCOU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCOY" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-84018-227-9" id="mwCOc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84018-227-9"><bdi id="mwCOg">978-1-84018-227-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt150" class="Z3988" id="mwCOk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Lost+Lives%3A+The+Stories+of+the+Men%2C+Women%2C+and+Children+who+Died+as+a+Result+of+the+Northern+Ireland+Troubles&amp;rft.pages=610&amp;rft.pub=Mainstream&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-84018-227-9&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9781840182279&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987_Maryland_train_collision" id="mw-A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="1987 Maryland train collision">Maryland train collision</a>: An <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amtrak" id="mw-Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a> train <i id="mw-g">en route</i> to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston" id="mw-w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Boston">Boston</a> from Washington, D.C., collides with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrail" id="mw_A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Conrail">Conrail</a> engines in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chase,_Maryland" id="mw_Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Chase, Maryland">Chase, Maryland</a>, United States, killing 16 people.<sup about="#mwt158" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-32"}}' id="cite_ref-32" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-32" id="mw_g" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 32;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw_w">[32]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-32"><cite about="#mwt155" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCO0"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JqGZj1QYZIUC&amp;pg=PA16" id="mwCO4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCO8">Special Report: Rail Emergencies</i></a>. FEMA. p.<span id="mwCPA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>16. GGKEY:2HTT9LF787X.</cite><span about="#mwt155" class="Z3988" id="mwCPE" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Special+Report%3A+Rail+Emergencies&amp;rft.pages=16&amp;rft.pub=FEMA&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJqGZj1QYZIUC%26pg%3DPA16&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_air_battle_near_Tobruk" id="mwAQM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="1989 air battle near Tobruk">Second Gulf of Sidra incident</a>: A pair of Libyan <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-23" id="mwAQQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23">MiG-23 "Floggers"</a> are shot down by a pair of US Navy <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grumman_F-14_Tomcat" id="mwAQU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Grumman F-14 Tomcat">F-14 Tomcats</a> during an air-to-air confrontation.<sup about="#mwt163" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-33"}}' id="cite_ref-33" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-33" id="mwAQY" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 33;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAQc">[33]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-33"><ul id="mwCPQ"><li id="mwCPU">Stanik, Joseph T. <i id="mwCPY">El Dorado Canyon: Reagan’s Undeclared War with Qaddafi</i>. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2003, page 228. <a about="#mwt160" class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCPg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span about="#mwt160" id="mwCPk" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a about="#mwt160" href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-55750-983-3" id="mwCPo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55750-983-3">978-1-55750-983-3</a></li></ul></span>

In Pakistan's deadliest train accident an overloaded passenger train <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukkur_rail_disaster" id="mwAQs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sukkur rail disaster">collides with an empty freight train</a>, resulting in 307 deaths and 700 injuries.<sup about="#mwt168" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-34"}}' id="cite_ref-34" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-34" id="mwAQw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 34;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAQ0">[34]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-34"><cite about="#mwt165" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCP4"><a class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/01/05/world/at-least-210-die-in-pakistan-s-worst-rail-crash.html" id="mwCP8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"At Least 210 Die in Pakistan's Worst Rail Crash"</a>. <i id="mwCQA">New York Times (archive)</i>. 5 January 1990. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190617113424/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/01/05/world/at-least-210-die-in-pakistan-s-worst-rail-crash.html" id="mwCQE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 17 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCQI">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCQM">17 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt165" class="Z3988" id="mwCQQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=New+York+Times+%28archive%29&amp;rft.atitle=At+Least+210+Die+in+Pakistan%27s+Worst+Rail+Crash&amp;rft.date=1990-01-05&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F01%2F05%2Fworld%2Fat-least-210-die-in-pakistan-s-worst-rail-crash.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Ice_Storm_of_1998" id="mwARE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="North American Ice Storm of 1998">A massive ice storm</a> hits eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, continuing through <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_10" id="mwARI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="January 10">January 10</a> and causing widespread destruction.<sup about="#mwt173" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-35"}}' id="cite_ref-35" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-35" id="mwARM" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 35;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwARQ">[35]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-35"><cite about="#mwt170" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFBurlington,_Vermont_National_Weather_Service2008">Burlington, Vermont National Weather Service (2008). <a class="external text" href="http://www.erh.noaa.gov/btv/events/IceStorm1998/ice98.shtml" id="mwCQg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"10th Anniversary of the Devastating 1998 Ice Storm in the Northeast"</a>. NOAA. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080511204226/http://www.erh.noaa.gov/btv/events/IceStorm1998/ice98.shtml" id="mwCQk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCQo">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCQs">July 16,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt170" class="Z3988" id="mwCQw" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=10th+Anniversary+of+the+Devastating+1998+Ice+Storm+in+the+Northeast&amp;rft.pub=NOAA&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.au=Burlington%2C+Vermont+National+Weather+Service&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.erh.noaa.gov%2Fbtv%2Fevents%2FIceStorm1998%2Fice98.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

Former professional wrestler <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Ventura" id="mwARg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jesse Ventura">Jesse Ventura</a> is sworn in as governor of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota" id="mwARk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, United States.<sup about="#mwt178" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-36"}}' id="cite_ref-36" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-36" id="mwARo" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 36;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwARs">[36]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-36"><cite about="#mwt175" class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFJon_Jeter1999">Jon Jeter (January 5, 1999). <a class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/daily/jan99/ventura5.htm?" id="mwCRA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"In Minnesota, Pomp and Pep Rally"</a>. <i id="mwCRE">Washington Post</i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160408213051/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/daily/jan99/ventura5.htm" id="mwCRI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCRM">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCRQ">17 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt175" class="Z3988" id="mwCRU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&amp;rft.atitle=In+Minnesota%2C+Pomp+and+Pep+Rally&amp;rft.date=1999-01-05&amp;rft.au=Jon+Jeter&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fpolitics%2Fdaily%2Fjan99%2Fventura5.htm%3F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

A Norwegian passenger train departing from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trondheim" id="mwAR8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Trondheim">Trondheim</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Åsta_accident" id="mwASA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Åsta accident">collides with a local train</a> coming from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamar" id="mwASE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hamar">Hamar</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Åsta" id="mwASI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Åsta">Åsta</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Åmot" id="mwASM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Åmot">Åmot</a>; 19 people are killed and 68 injured in the accident.<sup about="#mwt183" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-37"}}' id="cite_ref-37" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-37" id="mwASQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 37;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwASU">[37]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-37"><cite about="#mwt180" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" id="CITEREFGulowsenRyggvik2004">Gulowsen, Jon; Ryggvik, Helge (2004). <i id="mwCRk">Jernbanen i Norge 1854–2004: Ny tider og gamle spor 1940–2004</i> (in Norwegian). Bergen: Vogmostad &amp; Bjørke. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCRo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCRs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/82-419-0332-4" id="mwCRw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/82-419-0332-4"><bdi id="mwCR0">82-419-0332-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt180" class="Z3988" id="mwCR4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Jernbanen+i+Norge+1854%E2%80%932004%3A+Ny+tider+og+gamle+spor+1940%E2%80%932004&amp;rft.place=Bergen&amp;rft.pub=Vogmostad+%26+Bj%C3%B8rke&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=82-419-0332-4&amp;rft.aulast=Gulowsen&amp;rft.aufirst=Jon&amp;rft.au=Ryggvik%2C+Helge&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span><link about="#mwt180" href="./Category:CS1_Norwegian-language_sources_(no)" id="mwCR8" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit_(rover)" id="mwASk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Spirit (rover)"><i id="mwASo">Spirit</i></a>, a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA" id="mwASs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="NASA">NASA</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_rover" id="mwASw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mars rover">Mars rover</a>, lands successfully on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" id="mwAS0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mars">Mars</a> at 04:35 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" id="mwAS4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>.<sup about="#mwt188" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-38"}}' id="cite_ref-38" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-38" id="mwAS8" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 38;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwATA">[38]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-38"><cite about="#mwt185" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCSM"><a class="external text" href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/details.php?id=5917" id="mwCSQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Mars Exploration Rover - Spirit"</a>. <i id="mwCSU">NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory</i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190903114938/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/details.php?id=5917" id="mwCSY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 3 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCSc">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCSg">16 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt185" class="Z3988" id="mwCSk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NASA+Jet+Propulsion+Laboratory&amp;rft.atitle=Mars+Exploration+Rover+-+Spirit&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fmissions%2Fdetails.php%3Fid%3D5917&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" id="mwATM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mikheil Saakashvili">Mikheil Saakashvili</a> is <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_presidential_election,_2004" id="mwATQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Georgian presidential election, 2004">elected</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Georgia" id="mwATU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="President of Georgia">President of Georgia</a> following the November 2003 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose_Revolution" id="mwATY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Rose Revolution">Rose Revolution</a>.<sup about="#mwt193" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-39"}}' id="cite_ref-39" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-39" id="mwATc" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 39;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwATg">[39]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-39"><cite about="#mwt190" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCS0"><a class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/1051169.html" id="mwCS4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Georgia's Saakashvili Vows To Fight Corruption"</a>. <i id="mwCS8">Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty</i>. 6 January 2004. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190616143640/https://www.rferl.org/a/1051169.html" id="mwCTA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCTE">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCTI">16 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt190" class="Z3988" id="mwCTM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Radiofreeeurope%2FRadioliberty&amp;rft.atitle=Georgia%27s+Saakashvili+Vows+To+Fight+Corruption&amp;rft.date=2004-01-06&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fa%2F1051169.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehud_Olmert" id="mwATw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ehud Olmert">Ehud Olmert</a> becomes acting <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Israel" id="mwAT0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Prime Minister of Israel">Prime Minister of Israel</a> after the incumbent, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" id="mwAT4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a>, suffers a second, apparently more serious stroke.<sup about="#mwt199" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-40"}}' id="cite_ref-40" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-40" id="mwAT8" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 40;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAUA">[40]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-40"><cite about="#mwt195" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFUnited_NationsUnited_Nations_Publications2006">United Nations; United Nations Publications (November 2006). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ST-2XZ-C-IgC&amp;pg=PA6" id="mwCTc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCTg">Report of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People</i></a>. United Nations Publications. p.<span id="mwCTk" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>6. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCTo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCTs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-92-1-810275-1" id="mwCTw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-1-810275-1"><bdi id="mwCT0">978-92-1-810275-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt195" class="Z3988" id="mwCT4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Committee+on+the+Exercise+of+the+Inalienable+Rights+of+the+Palestinian+People&amp;rft.pages=6&amp;rft.pub=United+Nations+Publications&amp;rft.date=2006-11&amp;rft.isbn=978-92-1-810275-1&amp;rft.au=United+Nations&amp;rft.au=United+Nations+Publications&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DST-2XZ-C-IgC%26pg%3DPA6&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span><link about="#mwt198" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"Dead link","href":"./Template:Dead_link"},"params":{"date":{"wt":"February 2023"},"bot":{"wt":"InternetArchiveBot"},"fix-attempted":{"wt":"yes"}},"i":0}}]}' href="./Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" id="mwCT8" rel="mw:PageProp/Category" typeof="mw:Transclusion"/><link about="#mwt198" href="./Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_February_2023" id="mwCUA" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/><link about="#mwt198" href="./Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" id="mwCUE" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/><sup about="#mwt198" class="noprint Inline-Template" id="mwCUI"><span id="mwCUM" style="white-space: nowrap;"><span id="mwCUQ" typeof="mw:Entity">[</span><i id="mwCUU"><a href="./Wikipedia:Link_rot" id="mwCUY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span id="mwCUc" title=" Dead link tagged February 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span id="mwCUg" typeof="mw:Entity">]</span></span></sup></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/110th_United_States_Congress" id="mwAUQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="110th United States Congress">110th United States Congress</a> convenes, electing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" id="mwAUU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> as the first female <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" id="mwAUY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the House</a> in U.S. history.<sup about="#mwt204" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-41"}}' id="cite_ref-41" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-41" id="mwAUc" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 41;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAUg">[41]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-41"><cite about="#mwt201" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCUw"><a class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/technology/2007/01/04/pelosi-sworn-in-as-first-woman-speaker-of-the-house/32917f2c-c075-4d7a-b404-90e8c9fe7cea/" id="mwCU0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Pelosi Sworn in as First Woman Speaker of the House"</a>. <i id="mwCU4"><a href="./The_Washington_Post" id="mwCU8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. January 4, 2007. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISSN_(identifier)" id="mwCVA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a><span id="mwCVE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286" id="mwCVI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">0190-8286</a>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190122145116/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/technology/2007/01/04/pelosi-sworn-in-as-first-woman-speaker-of-the-house/32917f2c-c075-4d7a-b404-90e8c9fe7cea/" id="mwCVM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on January 22, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCVQ">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCVU">January 22,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt201" class="Z3988" id="mwCVY" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&amp;rft.atitle=Pelosi+Sworn+in+as+First+Woman+Speaker+of+the+House&amp;rft.date=2007-01-04&amp;rft.issn=0190-8286&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fbusiness%2Ftechnology%2F2007%2F01%2F04%2Fpelosi-sworn-in-as-first-woman-speaker-of-the-house%2F32917f2c-c075-4d7a-b404-90e8c9fe7cea%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

A <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Let_L-410_Turbolet" id="mwAUw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Let L-410 Turbolet">Let L-410 Turbolet</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Los_Roques_archipelago_Transaven_Let_L-410_crash" id="mwAU0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2008 Los Roques archipelago Transaven Let L-410 crash">crashes</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Roques_Archipelago" id="mwAU4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Los Roques Archipelago">Los Roques Archipelago</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuela" id="mwAU8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>, killing 14 people.<sup about="#mwt209" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-42"}}' id="cite_ref-42" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-42" id="mwAVA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 42;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAVE">[42]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-42"><cite about="#mwt206" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFRanter">Ranter, Harro. <a class="external text" href="https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20080104-0" id="mwCVo" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"ASN Aircraft accident Let L-410UVP-E3 YV2081 Los Roques Airport (LRV)"</a>. <i id="mwCVs">aviation-safety.net</i>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./Aviation_Safety_Network" id="mwCVw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aviation Safety Network">Aviation Safety Network</a>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201121210408/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20080104-0" id="mwCV0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-11-21<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCV4">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCV8">2022-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt206" class="Z3988" id="mwCWA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=aviation-safety.net&amp;rft.atitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Let+L-410UVP-E3+YV2081+Los+Roques+Airport+%28LRV%29&amp;rft.aulast=Ranter&amp;rft.aufirst=Harro&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D20080104-0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burj_Khalifa" id="mwAVU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Burj Khalifa">Burj Khalifa</a>, the current tallest building in the world, officially opens in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dubai" id="mwAVY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dubai">Dubai</a>.<sup about="#mwt214" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-43"}}' id="cite_ref-43" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-43" id="mwAVc" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 43;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAVg">[43]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-43"><cite about="#mwt211" class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFHuang2010">Huang, Carol (5 January 2010). <a class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Global-News/2010/0105/World-s-tallest-building-What-s-it-worth-to-have-the-Dubai-tower-and-what-should-people-call-it" id="mwCWQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"World's tallest building: What's it worth to have the Dubai tower<span id="mwCWU" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>– and what should people call it?"</a>. <i id="mwCWY"><a href="./The_Christian_Science_Monitor" id="mwCWc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="The Christian Science Monitor">The Christian Science Monitor</a></i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100105174823/http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Global-News/2010/0105/World-s-tallest-building-What-s-it-worth-to-have-the-Dubai-tower-and-what-should-people-call-it" id="mwCWg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCWk">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCWo">6 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt211" class="Z3988" id="mwCWs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Science+Monitor&amp;rft.atitle=World%27s+tallest+building%3A+What%27s+it+worth+to+have+the+Dubai+tower+%E2%80%93+and+what+should+people+call+it%3F&amp;rft.date=2010-01-05&amp;rft.aulast=Huang&amp;rft.aufirst=Carol&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2FWorld%2FGlobal-News%2F2010%2F0105%2FWorld-s-tallest-building-What-s-it-worth-to-have-the-Dubai-tower-and-what-should-people-call-it&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

A gunman <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawit_shooting" id="mwAVw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kawit shooting">kills eight people</a> in a house-to-house rampage in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawit" id="mwAV0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kawit">Kawit</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavite" id="mwAV4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cavite">Cavite</a>, Philippines.<sup about="#mwt219" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-44"}}' id="cite_ref-44" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-44" id="mwAV8" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 44;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAWA">[44]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-44"><cite about="#mwt216" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFTim_Schwarz_and_Jethro_Mullen2013">Tim Schwarz and Jethro Mullen (4 January 2013). <a class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/04/world/asia/philippines-shooting/index.html" id="mwCW8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Gunman kills 9 in house-to-house rampage in Philippine town"</a>. <i id="mwCXA">CNN</i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190616143643/https://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/04/world/asia/philippines-shooting/index.html" id="mwCXE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCXI">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCXM">16 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt216" class="Z3988" id="mwCXQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=CNN&amp;rft.atitle=Gunman+kills+9+in+house-to-house+rampage+in+Philippine+town&amp;rft.date=2013-01-04&amp;rft.au=Tim+Schwarz+and+Jethro+Mullen&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2013%2F01%2F04%2Fworld%2Fasia%2Fphilippines-shooting%2Findex.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hennenman–Kroonstad_train_crash" id="mwAWQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hennenman–Kroonstad train crash">Hennenman–Kroonstad train crash</a>: A passenger train operated by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shosholoza_Meyl" id="mwAWU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Shosholoza Meyl">Shosholoza Meyl</a> collides with a truck on a level crossing at Geneva Station between <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hennenman" id="mwAWY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hennenman">Hennenman</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroonstad" id="mwAWc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kroonstad">Kroonstad</a>, Free State, South Africa. Twenty people are killed and 260 injured.<sup about="#mwt224" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-45"}}' id="cite_ref-45" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_4#cite_note-45" id="mwAWg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 45;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAWk">[45]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-45"><cite about="#mwt221" class="citation news cs1" id="CITEREFCulbertson">Culbertson, Alix. <a class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/four-dead-and-hundreds-injured-in-south-africa-train-crash-11195032" id="mwCXg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"14 dead and up to 100 injured in South Africa train crash"</a>. <i id="mwCXk">Sky News</i>. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190330075824/https://news.sky.com/story/four-dead-and-hundreds-injured-in-south-africa-train-crash-11195032" id="mwCXo" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 30 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCXs">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCXw">4 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt221" class="Z3988" id="mwCX0" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Sky+News&amp;rft.atitle=14+dead+and+up+to+100+injured+in+South+Africa+train+crash&amp;rft.aulast=Culbertson&amp;rft.aufirst=Alix&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Ffour-dead-and-hundreds-injured-in-south-africa-train-crash-11195032&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+4"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Nancy" id="mwEQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Nancy">Battle of Nancy</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_the_Bold" id="mwEg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Charles the Bold">Charles the Bold</a> is defeated and killed in a conflict with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/René_II,_Duke_of_Lorraine" id="mwEw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="René II, Duke of Lorraine">René II, Duke of Lorraine</a>; <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" id="mwFA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Burgundy</a> subsequently becomes part of France.<sup about="#mwt15" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"}}' id="cite_ref-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-1" id="mwFQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 1;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwFg">[1]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"><cite about="#mwt12" class="citation book cs1" id="mwB9w"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_Q8IAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=PA5" id="mwB90" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB94">A guide to the town of Berne, by a Cantab</i></a>. 1859. p.<span id="mwB98" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>5.</cite><span about="#mwt12" class="Z3988" id="mwB-A" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+guide+to+the+town+of+Berne%2C+by+a+Cantab&amp;rft.pages=5&amp;rft.date=1859&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_Q8IAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA5&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Turckheim" id="mwHA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Turckheim">Battle of Colmar</a>: The French army beats <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandenburg" id="mwHQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a>.<sup about="#mwt20" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-2"}}' id="cite_ref-2" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-2" id="mwHg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 2;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwHw">[2]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-2"><cite about="#mwt17" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFWilliam_Edwards1952">William Edwards (1952). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QAILAQAAMAAJ" id="mwB-Q" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB-U">Notes on European History: The reformation and ascendancy of France, 1494-1715</i></a>. Rivingtons. p.<span id="mwB-Y" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>530.</cite><span about="#mwt17" class="Z3988" id="mwB-c" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Notes+on+European+History%3A+The+reformation+and+ascendancy+of+France%2C+1494-1715&amp;rft.pages=530&amp;rft.pub=Rivingtons&amp;rft.date=1952&amp;rft.au=William+Edwards&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQAILAQAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XV_of_France" id="mwIw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Louis XV of France">Louis XV of France</a> survives an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination" id="mwJA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Assassination">assassination</a> attempt by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert-François_Damiens" id="mwJQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Robert-François Damiens">Robert-François Damiens</a>, who becomes the last person to be <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment" id="mwJg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Capital punishment">executed</a> in France by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanged,_drawn_and_quartered" id="mwJw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hanged, drawn and quartered">drawing and quartering</a> (the traditional form of capital punishment used for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regicide" id="mwKA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Regicide">regicides</a>).<sup about="#mwt25" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-3"}}' id="cite_ref-3" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-3" id="mwKQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 3;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwKg">[3]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-3"><cite about="#mwt22" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1" id="CITEREFChisholm1911"><a href="./Hugh_Chisholm" id="mwB-s" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" id="mwB-w" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Damiens, Robert François"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Damiens,_Robert_Fran%C3%A7ois" id="mwB-0" rel="mw:ExtLink">"Damiens, Robert François"<span id="mwB-4" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span></a></span>. <i id="mwB-8"><a href="./Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" id="mwB_A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol.<span id="mwB_E" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>7 (11th<span id="mwB_I" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>ed.). Cambridge University Press. p.<span id="mwB_M" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>788.</cite><span about="#mwt22" class="Z3988" id="mwB_Q" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Damiens%2C+Robert+Fran%C3%A7ois&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.pages=788&amp;rft.edition=11th&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1911&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span><link about="#mwt22" href="./Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" id="mwB_U" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" id="mwLg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" id="mwLw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, Virginia</a>, is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raid_on_Richmond" id="mwMA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Raid on Richmond">burned</a> by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" id="mwMQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">British</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her_Majesty's_Naval_Service" id="mwMg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Her Majesty's Naval Service">naval forces</a> led by former American general <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedict_Arnold" id="mwMw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Benedict Arnold">Benedict Arnold</a>.<sup about="#mwt30" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"}}' id="cite_ref-4" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-4" id="mwNA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 4;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwNQ">[4]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"><cite about="#mwt27" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1" id="mwB_k"><a href="./Hugh_Chisholm" id="mwB_o" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" id="mwB_s" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Arnold, Benedict"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Arnold,_Benedict" id="mwB_w" rel="mw:ExtLink">"Arnold, Benedict"<span id="mwB_0" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span></a></span>. <i id="mwB_4"><a href="./Encyclopædia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" id="mwB_8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol.<span id="mwCAA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>02 (11th<span id="mwCAE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp.<span id="mwCAI" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>633–634, see page 634. <q id="mwCAM">...and was employed in leading an expedition into Virginia which burned Richmond...</q></cite><span about="#mwt27" class="Z3988" id="mwCAQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Arnold%2C+Benedict&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.pages=633-634%2C+see+page+634&amp;rft.edition=11th&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1911&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span><link about="#mwt27" href="./Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" id="mwCAU" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/></span>

The government of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_America" id="mwOQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Central America">Central America</a> votes for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_America_under_Mexican_rule" id="mwOg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Central America under Mexican rule">total annexation</a> to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Mexican_Empire" id="mwOw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="First Mexican Empire">First Mexican Empire</a>.<sup about="#mwt35" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"}}' id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-5" id="mwPA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 5;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwPQ">[5]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"><cite about="#mwt32" class="citation journal cs1" id="CITEREFKenyon1961">Kenyon, Gordon (1 May 1961). <a class="external text" href="https://read.dukeupress.edu/hahr/article/41/2/175/160110/Mexican-Influence-in-Central-America-1821-1823" id="mwCAk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Mexican Influence in Central America, 1821–1823"</a>. <i id="mwCAo">Hispanic American Historical Review</i>. <b id="mwCAs">41</b> (2). <a href="./Duke_University_Press" id="mwCAw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Duke University Press">Duke University Press</a>: 183–184. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./Doi_(identifier)" id="mwCA0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1215%2F00182168-41.2.175" id="mwCA4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">10.1215/00182168-41.2.175</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./JSTOR_(identifier)" id="mwCA8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a><span id="mwCBA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2510200" id="mwCBE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">2510200</a><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCBI">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCBM">3 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt32" class="Z3988" id="mwCBQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Hispanic+American+Historical+Review&amp;rft.atitle=Mexican+Influence+in+Central+America%2C+1821%E2%80%931823&amp;rft.volume=41&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=183-184&amp;rft.date=1961-05-01&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1215%2F00182168-41.2.175&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2510200%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft.aulast=Kenyon&amp;rft.aufirst=Gordon&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fread.dukeupress.edu%2Fhahr%2Farticle%2F41%2F2%2F175%2F160110%2FMexican-Influence-in-Central-America-1821-1823&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palais_Garnier" id="mwQQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Palais Garnier">Palais Garnier</a>, one of the most famous <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera_house" id="mwQg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Opera house">opera houses</a> in the world, is inaugurated in Paris.<sup about="#mwt40" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-6"}}' id="cite_ref-6" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-6" id="mwQw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 6;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwRA">[6]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-6"><cite about="#mwt37" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFAnthony_Gishford1972">Anthony Gishford (November 1972). <span class="id-lock-registration" id="mwCBg" title="Free registration required"><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grandoperastoryo00gish" id="mwCBk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCBo">Grand opera: the story of the world's leading opera houses and personalities</i></a></span>. Viking Press. p.<span id="mwCBs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grandoperastoryo00gish/page/55" id="mwCBw" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">55</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCB0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCB4" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-670-34749-0" id="mwCB8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-34749-0"><bdi id="mwCCA">978-0-670-34749-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt37" class="Z3988" id="mwCCE" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Grand+opera%3A+the+story+of+the+world%27s+leading+opera+houses+and+personalities&amp;rft.pages=55&amp;rft.pub=Viking+Press&amp;rft.date=1972-11&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-670-34749-0&amp;rft.au=Anthony+Gishford&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgrandoperastoryo00gish&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreyfus_affair" id="mwSA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dreyfus affair">Dreyfus affair</a>: French army officer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Dreyfus" id="mwSQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Alfred Dreyfus">Alfred Dreyfus</a> is stripped of his rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil's_Island" id="mwSg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Devil's Island">Devil's Island</a>.<sup about="#mwt45" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-7"}}' id="cite_ref-7" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-7" id="mwSw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 7;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwTA">[7]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-7"><cite about="#mwt42" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFBrian_Lenihan1991">Brian Lenihan (1991). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1KsMAQAAMAAJ" id="mwCCU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCCY">For the record</i></a>. Blackwater Press. p.<span id="mwCCc" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>4. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCCg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCCk" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-86121-362-7" id="mwCCo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86121-362-7"><bdi id="mwCCs">978-0-86121-362-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt42" class="Z3988" id="mwCCw" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=For+the+record&amp;rft.pages=4&amp;rft.pub=Blackwater+Press&amp;rft.date=1991&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-86121-362-7&amp;rft.au=Brian+Lenihan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1KsMAQAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

Irish nationalist leader <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edward_Redmond" id="mwUA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="John Edward Redmond">John Edward Redmond</a> calls for revolt against British rule.<sup about="#mwt50" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-8"}}' id="cite_ref-8" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-8" id="mwUQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 8;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwUg">[8]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-8"><cite about="#mwt47" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFLegrand1987">Legrand, Jacques (1987). <i id="mwCDA">Chronicle of the 20th Century</i>. Ecam Publication. p.<span id="mwCDE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>10. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCDI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCDM" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/0-942191-01-3" id="mwCDQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/0-942191-01-3"><bdi id="mwCDU">0-942191-01-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt47" class="Z3988" id="mwCDY" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Chronicle+of+the+20th+Century&amp;rft.pages=10&amp;rft.pub=Ecam+Publication&amp;rft.date=1987&amp;rft.isbn=0-942191-01-3&amp;rft.aulast=Legrand&amp;rft.aufirst=Jacques&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Psi" id="mwWA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kappa Alpha Psi">Kappa Alpha Psi</a>, the world's third-oldest and largest <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_fraternity" id="mwWQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Black fraternity">black fraternity</a>, is founded at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana_University" id="mwWg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Indiana University">Indiana University</a>.<sup about="#mwt55" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-9"}}' id="cite_ref-9" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-9" id="mwWw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 9;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwXA">[9]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-9"><cite about="#mwt52" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCDo"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VUTiAAAAMAAJ" id="mwCDs" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCDw">Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Michigan</i></a>. Morse &amp; Bagg. 1985. p.<span id="mwCD0" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>2731.</cite><span about="#mwt52" class="Z3988" id="mwCD4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Journal+of+the+House+of+Representatives+of+the+State+of+Michigan&amp;rft.pages=2731&amp;rft.pub=Morse+%26+Bagg&amp;rft.date=1985&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVUTiAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The sixth All-Russian Conference of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Social_Democratic_Labour_Party" id="mwYA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Russian Social Democratic Labour Party">Russian Social Democratic Labour Party</a> (<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague_Party_Conference" id="mwYQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Prague Party Conference">Prague Party Conference</a>) opens. In the course of the conference, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" id="mwYg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a> and his supporters break from the rest of the party to form the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolshevik" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bolshevik">Bolshevik</a> movement.<sup about="#mwt60" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-10"}}' id="cite_ref-10" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-10" id="mwZA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 10;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwZQ">[10]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-10"><cite about="#mwt57" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFVladimir_Ilʹich_Lenin1971">Vladimir Ilʹich Lenin (1971). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cY4fAQAAMAAJ" id="mwCEI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCEM">Collected Works</i></a>. Progress Publishers. p.<span id="mwCEQ" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>536.</cite><span about="#mwt57" class="Z3988" id="mwCEU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Collected+Works&amp;rft.pages=536&amp;rft.pub=Progress+Publishers&amp;rft.date=1971&amp;rft.au=Vladimir+Il%CA%B9ich+Lenin&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcY4fAQAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Balkan_War" id="mwaQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a>: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lemnos_(1913)" id="mwag" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Lemnos (1913)">Battle of Lemnos</a> begins; Greek admiral <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavlos_Kountouriotis" id="mwaw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pavlos Kountouriotis">Pavlos Kountouriotis</a> forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dardanelles" id="mwbA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dardanelles">Dardanelles</a>, from which it did not venture for the rest of the war.<sup about="#mwt65" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-11"}}' id="cite_ref-11" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-11" id="mwbQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 11;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwbg">[11]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-11"><cite about="#mwt62" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFRichard_Arnold-BakerGeorge_P._Cremos1990">Richard Arnold-Baker; George P. Cremos (1990). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EZffAAAAMAAJ" id="mwCEk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCEo">Averof: The Ship that Changed History</i></a>. Akritas Publications. p.<span id="mwCEs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>30. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCEw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCE0" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-960-7006-32-5" id="mwCE4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-960-7006-32-5"><bdi id="mwCE8">978-960-7006-32-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt62" class="Z3988" id="mwCFA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Averof%3A+The+Ship+that+Changed+History&amp;rft.pages=30&amp;rft.pub=Akritas+Publications&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft.isbn=978-960-7006-32-5&amp;rft.au=Richard+Arnold-Baker&amp;rft.au=George+P.+Cremos&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEZffAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" id="mwcg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a> announces an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight-hour_day" id="mwcw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Eight-hour day">eight-hour workday</a> and minimum daily wage of $5 in salary plus bonuses.<sup about="#mwt70" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-12"}}' id="cite_ref-12" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-12" id="mwdA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 12;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwdQ">[12]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-12"><cite about="#mwt67" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCFQ"><a class="external text" href="https://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/01/05/jan-5-1914-henry-ford-implements-5-a-day-wage/" id="mwCFU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Henry Ford implements $5-a-day wage"</a>. 5 January 2012. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180105070053/https://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/01/05/jan-5-1914-henry-ford-implements-5-a-day-wage/" id="mwCFY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-01-05<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCFc">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCFg">2018-01-04</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt67" class="Z3988" id="mwCFk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Henry+Ford+implements+%245-a-day+wage&amp;rft.date=2012-01-05&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flearning.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F01%2F05%2Fjan-5-1914-henry-ford-implements-5-a-day-wage%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Workers'_Party" id="mweQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="German Workers' Party">German Workers' Party</a>, which would become the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Party" id="mweg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a>, is founded in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munich" id="mwew" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Munich">Munich</a>.<sup about="#mwt75" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-13"}}' id="cite_ref-13" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-13" id="mwfA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 13;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwfQ">[13]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-13"><cite about="#mwt72" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFF._L._Carsten1982">F. L. Carsten (13 November 1982). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=97gy4DHuY9EC&amp;pg=PA91" id="mwCF0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCF4">The Rise of Fascism, Second Edition</i></a>. University of California Press. p.<span id="mwCF8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>91. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCGA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCGE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-520-04643-6" id="mwCGI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-04643-6"><bdi id="mwCGM">978-0-520-04643-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt72" class="Z3988" id="mwCGQ" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+Fascism%2C+Second+Edition&amp;rft.pages=91&amp;rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&amp;rft.date=1982-11-13&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-520-04643-6&amp;rft.au=F.+L.+Carsten&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D97gy4DHuY9EC%26pg%3DPA91&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nellie_Tayloe_Ross" id="mwgQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nellie Tayloe Ross">Nellie Tayloe Ross</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyoming" id="mwgg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> becomes the first female governor in the United States.<sup about="#mwt80" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-14"}}' id="cite_ref-14" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-14" id="mwgw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 14;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwhA">[14]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-14"><cite about="#mwt77" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCGg"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rV48AAAAIAAJ" id="mwCGk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCGo">The Historical Encyclopedia of Wyoming</i></a>. Wyoming Historical Institute. 1970. p.<span id="mwCGs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>237.</cite><span about="#mwt77" class="Z3988" id="mwCGw" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Historical+Encyclopedia+of+Wyoming&amp;rft.pages=237&amp;rft.pub=Wyoming+Historical+Institute&amp;rft.date=1970&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrV48AAAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

Construction of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" id="mwiA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a> begins in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay" id="mwiQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="San Francisco Bay">San Francisco Bay</a>.<sup about="#mwt85" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-15"}}' id="cite_ref-15" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-15" id="mwig" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 15;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwiw">[15]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-15"><cite about="#mwt82" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCHA"><a class="external text" href="http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/news_events/bridge/gate_2.html" id="mwCHE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Bridging the Bay: Bridges That Never Were"</a>. UC Berkeley Library. <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110522104530/http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/news_events/bridge/gate_2.html" id="mwCHI" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on May 22, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCHM">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCHQ">February 19,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt82" class="Z3988" id="mwCHU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bridging+the+Bay%3A+Bridges+That+Never+Were&amp;rft.pub=UC+Berkeley+Library&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.berkeley.edu%2Fnews_events%2Fbridge%2Fgate_2.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Johnson" id="mwjw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Amy Johnson">Amy Johnson</a>, a 37-year-old pilot and the first woman to fly solo from London to Australia, disappears after bailing out of her plane over the River Thames, and is presumed dead.<sup about="#mwt90" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-16"}}' id="cite_ref-16" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-16" id="mwkA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 16;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwkQ">[16]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-16"><cite about="#mwt87" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFGillies2004">Gillies, Midge (2004). <i id="mwCHk">Amy Johnson: queen of the air</i>. London: Phoenix. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCHo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCHs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/0-7538-1770-5" id="mwCHw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/0-7538-1770-5"><bdi id="mwCH0">0-7538-1770-5</bdi></a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./OCLC_(identifier)" id="mwCH4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a><span id="mwCH8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/56451512" id="mwCIA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">56451512</a>.</cite><span about="#mwt87" class="Z3988" id="mwCIE" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Amy+Johnson%3A+queen+of+the+air&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pub=Phoenix&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F56451512&amp;rft.isbn=0-7538-1770-5&amp;rft.aulast=Gillies&amp;rft.aufirst=Midge&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The <i id="mwlQ"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daily_Mail" id="mwlg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a></i> becomes the first major <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London" id="mwlw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="London">London</a> newspaper to be published on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.<sup about="#mwt95" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-17"}}' id="cite_ref-17" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-17" id="mwmA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 17;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwmQ">[17]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-17"><cite about="#mwt92" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFJoseph_Nathan_Kane">Joseph Nathan Kane. <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NttiC-UaOTMC" id="mwCIU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCIY">Famous First Facts and Records</i></a>. p.<span id="mwCIc" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>416.</cite><span about="#mwt92" class="Z3988" id="mwCIg" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Famous+First+Facts+and+Records&amp;rft.pages=416&amp;rft.au=Joseph+Nathan+Kane&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNttiC-UaOTMC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union" id="mwnQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> recognizes the new pro-Soviet <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" id="mwng" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Provisional Government of the Republic of Poland">Provisional Government of the Republic of Poland</a>.<sup about="#mwt101" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-18"}}' id="cite_ref-18" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-18" id="mwnw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 18;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwoA">[18]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-18"><cite about="#mwt97" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFGeoffrey_SwainNigel_Swain2017">Geoffrey Swain; Nigel Swain (23 November 2017). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RHU7DwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA33" id="mwCIw" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCI0">Eastern Europe Since 1945</i></a>. Macmillan International Higher Education. p.<span id="mwCI4" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>33. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCI8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCJA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-137-60513-9" id="mwCJE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-60513-9"><bdi id="mwCJI">978-1-137-60513-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt97" class="Z3988" id="mwCJM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Eastern+Europe+Since+1945&amp;rft.pages=33&amp;rft.pub=Macmillan+International+Higher+Education&amp;rft.date=2017-11-23&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-137-60513-9&amp;rft.au=Geoffrey+Swain&amp;rft.au=Nigel+Swain&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRHU7DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA33&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span><link about="#mwt100" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"Dead link","href":"./Template:Dead_link"},"params":{"date":{"wt":"March 2023"},"bot":{"wt":"InternetArchiveBot"},"fix-attempted":{"wt":"yes"}},"i":0}}]}' href="./Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" id="mwCJQ" rel="mw:PageProp/Category" typeof="mw:Transclusion"/><link about="#mwt100" href="./Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_March_2023" id="mwCJU" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/><link about="#mwt100" href="./Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" id="mwCJY" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/><sup about="#mwt100" class="noprint Inline-Template" id="mwCJc"><span id="mwCJg" style="white-space: nowrap;"><span id="mwCJk" typeof="mw:Entity">[</span><i id="mwCJo"><a href="./Wikipedia:Link_rot" id="mwCJs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span id="mwCJw" title=" Dead link tagged March 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span id="mwCJ0" typeof="mw:Entity">]</span></span></sup></span>

In his State of the Union address, United States President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" id="mwpA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> unveils his <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_Deal" id="mwpQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Fair Deal">Fair Deal</a> program.<sup about="#mwt106" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-19"}}' id="cite_ref-19" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-19" id="mwpg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 19;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwpw">[19]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-19"><cite about="#mwt103" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMelvyn_P._Leffler1992">Melvyn P. Leffler (1992). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pIIeG_yn72wC&amp;pg=PA266" id="mwCKE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCKI">A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War</i></a>. Stanford University Press. p.<span id="mwCKM" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>266. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCKQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCKU" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-2218-6" id="mwCKY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-2218-6"><bdi id="mwCKc">978-0-8047-2218-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt103" class="Z3988" id="mwCKg" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+Preponderance+of+Power%3A+National+Security%2C+the+Truman+Administration%2C+and+the+Cold+War&amp;rft.pages=266&amp;rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-8047-2218-6&amp;rft.au=Melvyn+P.+Leffler&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpIIeG_yn72wC%26pg%3DPA266&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The play <i id="mwqw"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waiting_for_Godot" id="mwrA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Waiting for Godot">Waiting for Godot</a></i> by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" id="mwrQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Samuel Beckett">Samuel Beckett</a> receives its première in Paris.<sup about="#mwt111" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-20"}}' id="cite_ref-20" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-20" id="mwrg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 20;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwrw">[20]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-20"><cite about="#mwt108" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFAlan_Astro1990">Alan Astro (1990). <span class="id-lock-registration" id="mwCKw" title="Free registration required"><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/understandingsam0000astr" id="mwCK0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCK4">Understanding Samuel Beckett</i></a></span>. Univ of South Carolina Press. pp.<span id="mwCK8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/understandingsam0000astr/page/16" id="mwCLA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">16</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCLE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCLI" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-87249-686-6" id="mwCLM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87249-686-6"><bdi id="mwCLQ">978-0-87249-686-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt108" class="Z3988" id="mwCLU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Understanding+Samuel+Beckett&amp;rft.pages=16&amp;rft.pub=Univ+of+South+Carolina+Press&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-87249-686-6&amp;rft.au=Alan+Astro&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funderstandingsam0000astr&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

In a speech given to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congress" id="mwsw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a>, United States President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" id="mwtA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> announces the establishment of what will later be called the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenhower_Doctrine" id="mwtQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Eisenhower Doctrine">Eisenhower Doctrine</a>.<sup about="#mwt116" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-21"}}' id="cite_ref-21" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-21" id="mwtg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 21;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwtw">[21]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-21"><cite about="#mwt113" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFHeiko_Meiertöns2010">Heiko Meiertöns (10 June 2010). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-ZQrT7il4NcC&amp;pg=PA122" id="mwCLk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCLo">The Doctrines of US Security Policy: An Evaluation under International Law</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. pp.<span id="mwCLs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>122–. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCLw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCL0" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-139-48913-3" id="mwCL4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-48913-3"><bdi id="mwCL8">978-1-139-48913-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt113" class="Z3988" id="mwCMA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Doctrines+of+US+Security+Policy%3A+An+Evaluation+under+International+Law&amp;rft.pages=122-&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2010-06-10&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-139-48913-3&amp;rft.au=Heiko+Meiert%C3%B6ns&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-ZQrT7il4NcC%26pg%3DPA122&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" id="mwuw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a>: The <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_People's_Commune" id="mwvA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Shanghai People's Commune">Shanghai People's Commune</a> is established following the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seizure_of_power_(Cultural_Revolution)" id="mwvQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Seizure of power (Cultural Revolution)">seizure of power</a> from local city officials by revolutionaries.<sup about="#mwt121" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-22"}}' id="cite_ref-22" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-22" id="mwvg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 22;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwvw">[22]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-22"><cite about="#mwt118" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMeisner1986"><a href="./Maurice_Meisner" id="mwCMQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Maurice Meisner">Meisner, Maurice</a> (1986). <a class="external text" href="https://libcom.org/library/maos-china-after-history-peoples-republic-maurice-meisner" id="mwCMU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCMY">Mao's China and After: A History of the People's Republic</i></a> (3rd<span id="mwCMc" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>ed.). <a href="./New_York_City" id="mwCMg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="New York City">New York</a>: <a href="./Free_Press_(publisher)" id="mwCMk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Free Press (publisher)">Free Press</a>. pp.<span id="mwCMo" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>327–329. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCMs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCMw" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-02-920870-0" id="mwCM0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-02-920870-0"><bdi id="mwCM4">978-0-02-920870-0</bdi></a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./OCLC_(identifier)" id="mwCM8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a><span id="mwCNA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13270932" id="mwCNE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">13270932</a>.</cite><span about="#mwt118" class="Z3988" id="mwCNI" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Mao%27s+China+and+After%3A+A+History+of+the+People%27s+Republic&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=327-329&amp;rft.edition=3rd&amp;rft.pub=Free+Press&amp;rft.date=1986&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F13270932&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-02-920870-0&amp;rft.aulast=Meisner&amp;rft.aufirst=Maurice&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibcom.org%2Flibrary%2Fmaos-china-after-history-peoples-republic-maurice-meisner&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Dubček" id="mwww" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Alexander Dubček">Alexander Dubček</a> comes to power in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czechoslovakia" id="mwxA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a>, effectively beginning the "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prague_Spring" id="mwxQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Prague Spring">Prague Spring</a>".<sup about="#mwt126" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-23"}}' id="cite_ref-23" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-23" id="mwxg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 23;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwxw">[23]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-23"><cite about="#mwt123" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFKaren_Dawisha1984">Karen Dawisha (1 January 1984). <a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_FNxU19KzoKIC" id="mwCNY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCNc">The Kremlin and the Prague Spring</i></a>. University of California Press. pp.<span id="mwCNg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_FNxU19KzoKIC/page/n29" id="mwCNk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">17</a>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCNo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCNs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-520-04971-0" id="mwCNw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-04971-0"><bdi id="mwCN0">978-0-520-04971-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt123" class="Z3988" id="mwCN4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Kremlin+and+the+Prague+Spring&amp;rft.pages=17&amp;rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&amp;rft.date=1984-01-01&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-520-04971-0&amp;rft.au=Karen+Dawisha&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_FNxU19KzoKIC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venera_5" id="mwyw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Venera 5">Venera 5</a> space probe is launched at 06:28:08 UTC<sup about="#mwt133" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-24"}}' id="cite_ref-24" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-24" id="mwzA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 24;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwzQ">[24]</span></a></sup> from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome" id="mwzg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Baikonur Cosmodrome">Baikonur</a>.<sup about="#mwt137" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-25"}}' id="cite_ref-25" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-25" id="mwzw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 25;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw0A">[25]</span></a></sup><sup about="#mwt141" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-26"}}' id="cite_ref-26" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-26" id="mw0Q" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 26;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw0g">[26]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-24"><cite about="#mwt130" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCOI"><a class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1969-001A" id="mwCOM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details"</a>. <i id="mwCOQ">nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCOU">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCOY">2019-11-13</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt130" class="Z3988" id="mwCOc" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov&amp;rft.atitle=NASA+-+NSSDCA+-+Spacecraft+-+Details&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fnmc%2Fspacecraft%2Fdisplay.action%3Fid%3D1969-001A&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariana_Afghan_Airlines_Flight_701" id="mw1Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701">Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701</a> crashes in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernhill,_West_Sussex" id="mw1g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Fernhill, West Sussex">Fernhill, West Sussex</a>, while on approach to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gatwick_Airport" id="mw1w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Gatwick Airport">Gatwick Airport</a>, killing 50 people.<sup about="#mwt146" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-27"}}' id="cite_ref-27" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-27" id="mw2A" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 27;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw2Q">[27]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-27"><cite about="#mwt143" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFRanter">Ranter, Harro. <a class="external text" href="https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19690105-0" id="mwCQA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-113C YA-FAR London-Gatwick Airport (LGW)"</a>. <i id="mwCQE">aviation-safety.net</i>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./Aviation_Safety_Network" id="mwCQI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aviation Safety Network">Aviation Safety Network</a><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCQM">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCQQ">2022-01-05</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt143" class="Z3988" id="mwCQU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=aviation-safety.net&amp;rft.atitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Boeing+727-113C+YA-FAR+London-Gatwick+Airport+%28LGW%29&amp;rft.aulast=Ranter&amp;rft.aufirst=Harro&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19690105-0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The 7.1 <span about="#mwt148" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"M","href":"./Template:M"},"params":{"1":{"wt":"w"}},"i":0}}]}' id="mw3Q" typeof="mw:Transclusion">M</span><sub about="#mwt148">w</sub><span about="#mwt148" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><link about="#mwt148" href="./Category:Articles_using_Mw_magnitude_scale" id="mw3g" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_Tonghai_earthquake" id="mw3w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="1970 Tonghai earthquake">Tonghai earthquake</a> shakes <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonghai_County" id="mw4A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tonghai County">Tonghai County</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnan" id="mw4Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a> province, China, with a maximum <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercalli_intensity_scale" id="mw4g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mercalli intensity scale">Mercalli intensity</a> of X (<i id="mw4w">Extreme</i>). Between 10,000 and 15,000 people are known to have been killed and about another 26,000 are injured.<sup about="#mwt152" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-28"}}' id="cite_ref-28" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-28" id="mw5A" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 28;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw5Q">[28]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-28"><cite about="#mwt149" class="citation book cs1" id="Reference-Zchau-2003">Zschau, Jochen; Andreas N. Küppers (2003). <i id="mwCQk">Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction</i>. Springer. p.<span id="mwCQo" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>482. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCQs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCQw" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-3-540-67962-2" id="mwCQ0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-540-67962-2"><bdi id="mwCQ4">978-3-540-67962-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt149" class="Z3988" id="mwCQ8" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Early+Warning+Systems+for+Natural+Disaster+Reduction&amp;rft.pages=482&amp;rft.pub=Springer&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=978-3-540-67962-2&amp;rft.aulast=Zschau&amp;rft.aufirst=Jochen&amp;rft.au=Andreas+N.+K%C3%BCppers&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

US President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon" id="mw6Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> announces the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" id="mw6g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle program</a>.<sup about="#mwt157" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-29"}}' id="cite_ref-29" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-29" id="mw6w" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 29;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw7A">[29]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-29"><cite about="#mwt154" class="citation news cs1" id="mwCRM"><a class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2013/10/21/us/space-shuttle-program-fast-facts/index.html" id="mwCRQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Space Shuttle Program Fast Facts"</a>. <i id="mwCRU">CNN</i>. 21 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCRY">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCRc">2022-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt154" class="Z3988" id="mwCRg" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=CNN&amp;rft.atitle=Space+Shuttle+Program+Fast+Facts&amp;rft.date=2013-10-21&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2013%2F10%2F21%2Fus%2Fspace-shuttle-program-fast-facts%2Findex.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasman_Bridge" id="mw8A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tasman Bridge">Tasman Bridge</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasmania" id="mw8Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tasmania">Tasmania</a>, Australia, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasman_Bridge_disaster" id="mw8g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tasman Bridge disaster">is struck</a> by the bulk ore carrier <i id="mw8w">Lake Illawarra</i>, killing twelve people.<sup about="#mwt162" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-30"}}' id="cite_ref-30" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-30" id="mw9A" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 30;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw9Q">[30]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-30"><cite about="#mwt159" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCRw"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4eI_AQAAIAAJ" id="mwCR0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCR4">The Acts of the Parliament of Tasmania</i></a>. Government Printer. 1975. p.<span id="mwCR8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>68.</cite><span about="#mwt159" class="Z3988" id="mwCSA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Acts+of+the+Parliament+of+Tasmania&amp;rft.pages=68&amp;rft.pub=Government+Printer&amp;rft.date=1975&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4eI_AQAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khmer_Rouge" id="mw-Q" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Khmer Rouge">Khmer Rouge</a> announce that the new Constitution of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Kampuchea" id="mw-g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Democratic Kampuchea">Democratic Kampuchea</a> is ratified.<sup about="#mwt167" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-31"}}' id="cite_ref-31" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-31" id="mw-w" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 31;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mw_A">[31]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-31"><cite about="#mwt164" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFNhem2013">Nhem, Boraden (2013). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZRiMAQAAQBAJ" id="mwCSQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCSU">The Khmer Rouge: Ideology, Militarism, and the Revolution That Consumed a Generation</i></a>. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Praeger. p.<span id="mwCSY" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>45. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCSc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCSg" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-313-39337-2" id="mwCSk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-39337-2"><bdi id="mwCSo">978-0-313-39337-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt164" class="Z3988" id="mwCSs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Khmer+Rouge%3A+Ideology%2C+Militarism%2C+and+the+Revolution+That+Consumed+a+Generation&amp;rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+Calif.&amp;rft.pages=45&amp;rft.pub=Praeger&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-313-39337-2&amp;rft.aulast=Nhem&amp;rft.aufirst=Boraden&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZRiMAQAAQBAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Troubles" id="mw_w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a>: Gunmen <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingsmill_massacre" id="mwAQA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kingsmill massacre">shoot dead ten Protestant civilians</a> after stopping their minibus at Kingsmill in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_Armagh" id="mwAQE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="County Armagh">County Armagh</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Ireland" id="mwAQI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, UK, allegedly as retaliation for a string of attacks on <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Catholic" id="mwAQM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Irish Catholic">Catholic</a> civilians in the area by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulster_loyalism" id="mwAQQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ulster loyalism">Loyalists</a>, particularly the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reavey_and_O'Dowd_killings" id="mwAQU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Reavey and O'Dowd killings">killing of six Catholics the night before</a>.<sup about="#mwt172" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-32"}}' id="cite_ref-32" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-32" id="mwAQY" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 32;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAQc">[32]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-32"><cite about="#mwt169" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFDarach_MacDonald2000">Darach MacDonald (2000). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WIMiAQAAIAAJ" id="mwCS8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCTA">The Chosen Fews: Exploding Myths in South Armagh</i></a>. Mercier Press. p.<span id="mwCTE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>181. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCTI" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCTM" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-85635-329-8" id="mwCTQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85635-329-8"><bdi id="mwCTU">978-1-85635-329-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt169" class="Z3988" id="mwCTY" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Chosen+Fews%3A+Exploding+Myths+in+South+Armagh&amp;rft.pages=181&amp;rft.pub=Mercier+Press&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-85635-329-8&amp;rft.au=Darach+MacDonald&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWIMiAQAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(country)" id="mwAQs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Georgia (country)">Georgian</a> forces enter <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tskhinvali" id="mwAQw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tskhinvali">Tskhinvali</a>, the capital of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Ossetia" id="mwAQ0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia, Georgia</a>, opening the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991–92_South_Ossetia_War" id="mwAQ4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="1991–92 South Ossetia War">1991–92 South Ossetia War</a>.<sup about="#mwt177" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-33"}}' id="cite_ref-33" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-33" id="mwAQ8" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 33;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwARA">[33]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-33"><cite about="#mwt174" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFZürcherPavel_Baev,_Jan_Koehler2005">Zürcher, Cristopher; <a href="./Pavel_Baev" id="mwCTo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pavel Baev">Pavel Baev</a>, Jan Koehler (2005). "Civil Wars in the Caucasus". <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yNTQ-BDLPxIC&amp;q=south+ossetia" id="mwCTs" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCTw">Understanding civil war: evidence and analysis, Volume 2</i></a>. The World Bank. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCT0" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCT4" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-8213-6049-1" id="mwCT8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8213-6049-1"><bdi id="mwCUA">978-0-8213-6049-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCUE">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCUI">21 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt174" class="Z3988" id="mwCUM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Civil+Wars+in+the+Caucasus&amp;rft.btitle=Understanding+civil+war%3A+evidence+and+analysis%2C+Volume+2&amp;rft.pub=The+World+Bank&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-8213-6049-1&amp;rft.aulast=Z%C3%BCrcher&amp;rft.aufirst=Cristopher&amp;rft.au=Pavel+Baev%2C+Jan+Koehler&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyNTQ-BDLPxIC%26q%3Dsouth%2Bossetia&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somali_Civil_War" id="mwARM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Somali Civil War">Somali Civil War</a>: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Mogadishu" id="mwARQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Embassy of the United States, Mogadishu">United States Embassy to Somalia</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogadishu" id="mwARU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mogadishu">Mogadishu</a> is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Eastern_Exit" id="mwARY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Operation Eastern Exit">evacuated by helicopter airlift</a> days after the outbreak of violence in Mogadishu.<sup about="#mwt182" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-34"}}' id="cite_ref-34" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-34" id="mwARc" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 34;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwARg">[34]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-34"><cite about="#mwt179" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFLeo_J._Daugherty_III2009">Leo J. Daugherty III (22 April 2009). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ir-hm6IGWnEC&amp;pg=PA284" id="mwCUc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCUg">The Marine Corps and the State Department: Enduring Partners in United States Foreign Policy, 1798-2007</i></a>. McFarland. p.<span id="mwCUk" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>284. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCUo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCUs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5301-6" id="mwCUw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-5301-6"><bdi id="mwCU0">978-0-7864-5301-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt179" class="Z3988" id="mwCU4" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Marine+Corps+and+the+State+Department%3A+Enduring+Partners+in+United+States+Foreign+Policy%2C+1798-2007&amp;rft.pages=284&amp;rft.pub=McFarland&amp;rft.date=2009-04-22&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7864-5301-6&amp;rft.au=Leo+J.+Daugherty+III&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIr-hm6IGWnEC%26pg%3DPA284&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The oil tanker <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MV_Braer" id="mwARw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="MV Braer">MV <i id="mwAR0">Braer</i></a> runs aground on the coast of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shetland" id="mwAR4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Shetland">Shetland</a> Islands, spilling 84,700 tons of crude oil.<sup about="#mwt187" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-35"}}' id="cite_ref-35" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-35" id="mwAR8" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 35;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwASA">[35]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-35"><cite about="#mwt184" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCVI"><a class="external text" href="https://cgmix.uscg.mil/PSIX/PSIXSearch.aspx" id="mwCVM" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"<i id="mwCVQ">Braer</i> (VN83930947)"</a>. <i id="mwCVU">Port State Information Exchange</i>. <a href="./United_States_Coast_Guard" id="mwCVY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="United States Coast Guard">United States Coast Guard</a><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCVc">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCVg">2008-04-21</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt184" class="Z3988" id="mwCVk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Port+State+Information+Exchange&amp;rft.atitle=Braer+%28VN83930947%29&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcgmix.uscg.mil%2FPSIX%2FPSIXSearch.aspx&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eris_(dwarf_planet)" id="mwASQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Eris (dwarf planet)">dwarf planet Eris</a> is discovered by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palomar_Observatory" id="mwASU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Palomar Observatory">Palomar Observatory</a>-based astronomers, later motivating the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Astronomical_Union" id="mwASY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="International Astronomical Union">International Astronomical Union</a> (IAU) to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Definition_of_planet" id="mwASc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Definition of planet">define the term <i id="mwASg">planet</i></a> for the first time.<sup about="#mwt192" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"New Planet"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-New_Planet-36"}}' id="cite_ref-New_Planet_36-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-New_Planet-36" id="mwASk" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 36;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwASo">[36]</span></a></sup>

A launch of the communication satellite <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSAT-14" id="mwAS4" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="GSAT-14">GSAT-14</a> aboard the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geosynchronous_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle" id="mwAS8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle">GSLV MK.II D5</a> marks the first successful flight of an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CE-7.5" id="mwATA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="CE-7.5">Indian cryogenic engine</a>.<sup about="#mwt197" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-37"}}' id="cite_ref-37" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-37" id="mwATE" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 37;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwATI">[37]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-37"><cite about="#mwt194" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCWU"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140104230506/http://www.isro.gov.in/gslv-d5/mission.aspx" id="mwCWY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"GSLV-D5 with Indigenous Cryogenic Stage successfully launches GSAT-14 from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota on 5 January 2014"</a>. ISRO. 5 January 2014. Archived from <a class="external text" href="http://www.isro.gov.in/gslv-d5/mission.aspx" id="mwCWc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">the original</a> on 4 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCWg">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCWk">5 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt194" class="Z3988" id="mwCWo" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=GSLV-D5+with+Indigenous+Cryogenic+Stage+successfully+launches+GSAT-14+from+SDSC+SHAR%2C+Sriharikota+on+5+January+2014&amp;rft.pub=ISRO&amp;rft.date=2014-01-05&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isro.gov.in%2Fgslv-d5%2Fmission.aspx&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

Kazakh President <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassym-Jomart_Tokayev" id="mwATY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kassym-Jomart Tokayev">Kassym-Jomart Tokayev</a> dismisses Prime Minister <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asqar_Mamin" id="mwATc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Asqar Mamin">Asqar Mamin</a> and declares <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_emergency" id="mwATg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="State of emergency">state of emergency</a> over the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Kazakh_unrest" id="mwATk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="2022 Kazakh unrest">2022 Kazakh unrest</a>.<sup about="#mwt202" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-38"}}' id="cite_ref-38" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_5#cite_note-38" id="mwATo" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 38;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwATs">[38]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-38"><cite about="#mwt199" class="citation web cs1" id="mwCW4"><a class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/1/5/emergency-declared-in-kazakhstans-almaty-mangistau-amid-unrest" id="mwCW8" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Kazakh president sacks cabinet, declares emergency amid unrest"</a>. <i id="mwCXA">www.aljazeera.com</i>. 2022-01-05<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCXE">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCXI">2023-08-17</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt199" class="Z3988" id="mwCXM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.aljazeera.com&amp;rft.atitle=Kazakh+president+sacks+cabinet%2C+declares+emergency+amid+unrest&amp;rft.date=2022-01-05&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F1%2F5%2Femergency-declared-in-kazakhstans-almaty-mangistau-amid-unrest&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+5"></span></span>

Following the death of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_the_Confessor" id="mwEQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Edward the Confessor">Edward the Confessor</a> on the previous day, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witan" id="mwEg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Witan">Witan</a> meets to confirm <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Godwinson" id="mwEw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Harold Godwinson">Harold Godwinson</a> as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eventually lead to the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_conquest_of_England" id="mwFA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Norman conquest of England">Norman conquest of England</a>.<sup about="#mwt15" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"}}' id="cite_ref-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-1" id="mwFQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 1;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwFg">[1]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"><cite about="#mwt12" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFFreeman1873"><a href="./Edward_Augustus_Freeman" id="mwCGc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Edward Augustus Freeman">Freeman, Edward Augustus</a> (1873). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yc7ZAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PR7" id="mwCGg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCGk">The History of the Norman Conquest of England: Its Causes and Its Results</i></a>. Clarendon Press for Macmillan and Company, New York. p.<span id="mwCGo" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>12.</cite><span about="#mwt12" class="Z3988" id="mwCGs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Norman+Conquest+of+England%3A+Its+Causes+and+Its+Results&amp;rft.pages=12&amp;rft.pub=Clarendon+Press+for+Macmillan+and+Company%2C+New+York&amp;rft.date=1873&amp;rft.aulast=Freeman&amp;rft.aufirst=Edward+Augustus&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dyc7ZAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPR7&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_of_Swabia" id="mwGg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Philip of Swabia">Philip of Swabia</a> undergoes a second coronation as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" id="mwGw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a>.<sup about="#mwt20" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-2"}}' id="cite_ref-2" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-2" id="mwHA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 2;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwHQ">[2]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-2"><cite about="#mwt17" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFFletcherBradyMossRiall2018">Fletcher, Christopher; Brady, Sean; Moss, Rachel E.; <a href="./Lucy_Riall" id="mwCG8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Lucy Riall">Riall, Lucy</a> (2 February 2018). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Nh5KDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA147" id="mwCHA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCHE">The Palgrave Handbook of Masculinity and Political Culture in Europe</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p.<span id="mwCHI" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>147. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCHM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCHQ" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-137-58538-7" id="mwCHU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-58538-7"><bdi id="mwCHY">978-1-137-58538-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt17" class="Z3988" id="mwCHc" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Palgrave+Handbook+of+Masculinity+and+Political+Culture+in+Europe&amp;rft.pages=147&amp;rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan+UK&amp;rft.date=2018-02-02&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-137-58538-7&amp;rft.aulast=Fletcher&amp;rft.aufirst=Christopher&amp;rft.au=Brady%2C+Sean&amp;rft.au=Moss%2C+Rachel+E.&amp;rft.au=Riall%2C+Lucy&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNh5KDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA147&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_Dečanski" id="mwIQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Stefan Dečanski">Stephen Uroš III</a> is crowned <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbia_(medieval)" id="mwIg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)">King of Serbia</a>, having defeated his half-brother <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefan_Konstantin" id="mwIw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Stefan Konstantin">Stefan Konstantin</a> in battle. His son is crowned "young king" in the same ceremony.<sup about="#mwt25" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-3"}}' id="cite_ref-3" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-3" id="mwJA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 3;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwJQ">[3]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-3"><cite about="#mwt22" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFFine1994"><a href="./John_Van_Antwerp_Fine_Jr." id="mwCHs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="John Van Antwerp Fine Jr.">Fine, John Van Antwerp</a> (1994). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC&amp;pg=PA263" id="mwCHw" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCH0">The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest</i></a>. University of Michigan Press. p.<span id="mwCH4" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>263. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCH8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCIA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/0-472-08260-4" id="mwCIE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/0-472-08260-4"><bdi id="mwCII">0-472-08260-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt22" class="Z3988" id="mwCIM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Late+Medieval+Balkans%3A+A+Critical+Survey+from+the+Late+Twelfth+Century+to+the+Ottoman+Conquest&amp;rft.pages=263&amp;rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft.isbn=0-472-08260-4&amp;rft.aulast=Fine&amp;rft.aufirst=John+Van+Antwerp&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLvVbRrH1QBgC%26pg%3DPA263&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" id="mwKQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles IV of Bohemia</a> is crowned with the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Crown_of_Lombardy" id="mwKg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Iron Crown of Lombardy">Iron Crown of Lombardy</a> as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Italy" id="mwKw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="King of Italy">King of Italy</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan" id="mwLA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Milan">Milan</a>.<sup about="#mwt30" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"}}' id="cite_ref-4" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-4" id="mwLQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 4;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwLg">[4]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"><cite about="#mwt27" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFBower1766"><a href="./Archibald_Bower" id="mwCIc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Archibald Bower">Bower, Archibald</a> (1766). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=abU-AAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA487" id="mwCIg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCIk">The History Of The Popes: From The Foundation of the See of Rome, To The Present Time</i></a>. Author. p.<span id="mwCIo" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>487.</cite><span about="#mwt27" class="Z3988" id="mwCIs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+History+Of+The+Popes%3A+From+The+Foundation+of+the+See+of+Rome%2C+To+The+Present+Time&amp;rft.pages=487&amp;rft.pub=Author&amp;rft.date=1766&amp;rft.aulast=Bower&amp;rft.aufirst=Archibald&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DabU-AAAAcAAJ%26pg%3DPA487&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_XI_Palaiologos" id="mwMg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Constantine XI Palaiologos">Constantine XI</a> is crowned <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors" id="mwMw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="List of Byzantine emperors">Byzantine Emperor</a> at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mystras" id="mwNA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mystras">Mystras</a>.<sup about="#mwt35" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"}}' id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-5" id="mwNQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 5;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwNg">[5]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"><cite about="#mwt32" class="citation book cs1" id="mwCI8"><a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0WJTAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA218" id="mwCJA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCJE">Court Ceremonies and Rituals of Power in Byzantium and the Medieval Mediterranean: Comparative Perspectives</i></a>. BRILL. 19 September 2013. p.<span id="mwCJI" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>218. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCJM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCJQ" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-90-04-25815-0" id="mwCJU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-25815-0"><bdi id="mwCJY">978-90-04-25815-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt32" class="Z3988" id="mwCJc" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Court+Ceremonies+and+Rituals+of+Power+in+Byzantium+and+the+Medieval+Mediterranean%3A+Comparative+Perspectives&amp;rft.pages=218&amp;rft.pub=BRILL&amp;rft.date=2013-09-19&amp;rft.isbn=978-90-04-25815-0&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0WJTAQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA218&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

The Catholic Monarchs <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_and_Isabella" id="mwOg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ferdinand and Isabella">Ferdinand and Isabella</a> enter Granada at the conclusion of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada_War" id="mwOw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Granada War">Granada War</a>.<sup about="#mwt40" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-6"}}' id="cite_ref-6" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-6" id="mwPA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 6;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwPQ">[6]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-6"><cite about="#mwt37" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFWoodwardCates1872"><a href="./Bernard_Bolingbroke_Woodward" id="mwCJs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bernard Bolingbroke Woodward">Woodward, Bernard Bolingbroke</a>; <a href="./William_Leist_Readwin_Cates" id="mwCJw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="William Leist Readwin Cates">Cates, William Leist Readwin</a> (1872). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZeI0AQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA513" id="mwCJ0" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCJ4">Encyclopaedia of Chronology: Historical and Biographical</i></a>. Lee and Shepard. p.<span id="mwCJ8" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>513.</cite><span about="#mwt37" class="Z3988" id="mwCKA" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Chronology%3A+Historical+and+Biographical&amp;rft.pages=513&amp;rft.pub=Lee+and+Shepard&amp;rft.date=1872&amp;rft.aulast=Woodward&amp;rft.aufirst=Bernard+Bolingbroke&amp;rft.au=Cates%2C+William+Leist+Readwin&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZeI0AQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA513&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

The first European school of higher learning in the Americas, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colegio_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tlatelolco" id="mwQQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco">Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco</a>, is founded by Viceroy <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_de_Mendoza" id="mwQg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Antonio de Mendoza">Antonio de Mendoza</a> and Bishop <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_de_Zumárraga" id="mwQw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Juan de Zumárraga">Juan de Zumárraga</a> in Mexico City.<sup about="#mwt45" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-7"}}' id="cite_ref-7" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-7" id="mwRA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 7;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwRQ">[7]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-7"><cite about="#mwt42" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" id="CITEREFVilla_Roiz2016">Villa Roiz, Carlos (July 16, 2016). <a class="external text" href="http://www.cronica.com.mx/notas/2016/972793.html" id="mwCKQ" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"A 480 años del Colegio de la Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco"</a> <span id="mwCKU" typeof="mw:Entity">[</span>480 years of Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco<span id="mwCKY" typeof="mw:Entity">]</span>. <i id="mwCKc">Cronica.com.mx</i> (in Spanish). <a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190718024741/http://www.cronica.com.mx/notas/2016/972793.html" id="mwCKg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Archived</a> from the original on July 18, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwCKk">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwCKo">July 17,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt42" class="Z3988" id="mwCKs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Cronica.com.mx&amp;rft.atitle=A+480+a%C3%B1os+del+Colegio+de+la+Santa+Cruz+de+Tlatelolco&amp;rft.date=2016-07-16&amp;rft.aulast=Villa+Roiz&amp;rft.aufirst=Carlos&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cronica.com.mx%2Fnotas%2F2016%2F972793.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span><link about="#mwt42" href="./Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" id="mwCKw" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/></span>

King <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" id="mwSQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII of England</a> marries <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_of_Cleves" id="mwSg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Anne of Cleves">Anne of Cleves</a>.<sup about="#mwt50" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-8"}}' id="cite_ref-8" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-8" id="mwSw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 8;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwTA">[8]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-8"><cite about="#mwt47" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFWarnicke2000"><a href="./Retha_Warnicke" id="mwCLA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Retha Warnicke">Warnicke, Retha Marvine</a> (13 April 2000). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P1PrjR79wzgC&amp;pg=PA1" id="mwCLE" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCLI">The Marrying of Anne of Cleves: Royal Protocol in Early Modern England</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p.<span id="mwCLM" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>1. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCLQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCLU" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-521-77037-8" id="mwCLY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-77037-8"><bdi id="mwCLc">978-0-521-77037-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt47" class="Z3988" id="mwCLg" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Marrying+of+Anne+of+Cleves%3A+Royal+Protocol+in+Early+Modern+England&amp;rft.pages=1&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2000-04-13&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-521-77037-8&amp;rft.aulast=Warnicke&amp;rft.aufirst=Retha+Marvine&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP1PrjR79wzgC%26pg%3DPA1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_of_Arras" id="mwUA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Union of Arras">Union of Arras</a> unites the southern Netherlands under the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_of_Parma" id="mwUQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Duke of Parma">Duke of Parma</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottavio_Farnese,_Duke_of_Parma" id="mwUg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma">Ottavio Farnese</a>), governor in the name of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" id="mwUw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Philip II of Spain">King Philip II of Spain</a>.<sup about="#mwt55" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-9"}}' id="cite_ref-9" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-9" id="mwVA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 9;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwVQ">[9]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-9"><cite about="#mwt52" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFVan_Nouhuys1998">Van Nouhuys, Tabitta (1998). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xO3n6sjUaK4C&amp;pg=PA477" id="mwCLw" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCL0">The Ages of Two-faced Janus: The Comets of 1577 and 1618 and the Decline of the Aristotelian World View in the Netherlands</i></a>. BRILL. p.<span id="mwCL4" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>477. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCL8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCMA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/90-04-11204-9" id="mwCME" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-11204-9"><bdi id="mwCMI">90-04-11204-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt52" class="Z3988" id="mwCMM" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Ages+of+Two-faced+Janus%3A+The+Comets+of+1577+and+1618+and+the+Decline+of+the+Aristotelian+World+View+in+the+Netherlands&amp;rft.pages=477&amp;rft.pub=BRILL&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.isbn=90-04-11204-9&amp;rft.aulast=Van+Nouhuys&amp;rft.aufirst=Tabitta&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxO3n6sjUaK4C%26pg%3DPA477&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arauco_War" id="mwWw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Arauco War">Arauco War</a>: The first <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_Quillín_(1641)" id="mwXA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Parliament of Quillín (1641)">Parliament of Quillín</a> is celebrated, putting a temporary hold on hostilities between <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapuche" id="mwXQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mapuche">Mapuches</a> and Spanish in Chile.<sup about="#mwt60" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{"name":"barana268"},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-barana268-10"}}' id="cite_ref-barana268_10-0" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-barana268-10" id="mwXg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 10;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwXw">[10]</span></a></sup>

<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_(England)" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Restoration (England)">English Restoration</a>: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Monarchists" id="mwZA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Fifth Monarchists">Fifth Monarchists</a> unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London" id="mwZQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="London">London</a>, England. The revolt is suppressed after a few days.<sup about="#mwt65" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-11"}}' id="cite_ref-11" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-11" id="mwZg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 11;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwZw">[11]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-11"><cite about="#mwt62" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFGordon1895"><a href="./Alexander_Gordon_(Unitarian)" id="mwCNY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Alexander Gordon (Unitarian)">Gordon, Alexander</a> (1895). <a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/headsofenglishun00gord" id="mwCNc" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCNg">Heads of English Unitarian History with Appended Lectures on Baxter and Priestley</i></a>. Green. p.<span id="mwCNk" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/headsofenglishun00gord/page/73" id="mwCNo" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">73</a>.</cite><span about="#mwt62" class="Z3988" id="mwCNs" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Heads+of+English+Unitarian+History+with+Appended+Lectures+on+Baxter+and+Priestley&amp;rft.pages=73&amp;rft.pub=Green&amp;rft.date=1895&amp;rft.aulast=Gordon&amp;rft.aufirst=Alexander&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fheadsofenglishun00gord&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

The Committee of Inquiry on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sea_Company" id="mwaw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="South Sea Company">South Sea Bubble</a> publishes its findings, revealing details of fraud among company directors and corrupt politicians.<sup about="#mwt70" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-12"}}' id="cite_ref-12" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-12" id="mwbA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 12;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwbQ">[12]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-12"><cite about="#mwt67" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMarshall1962"><a href="./Dorothy_Marshall_(historian)" id="mwCN8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dorothy Marshall (historian)">Marshall, Dorothy</a> (1962). <i id="mwCOA">Eighteenth Century England</i>. Longman. pp.<span id="mwCOE" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>121–30.</cite><span about="#mwt67" class="Z3988" id="mwCOI" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Eighteenth+Century+England&amp;rft.pages=121-30&amp;rft.pub=Longman&amp;rft.date=1962&amp;rft.aulast=Marshall&amp;rft.aufirst=Dorothy&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sie_werden_aus_Saba_alle_kommen,_BWV_65" id="mwcQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sie werden aus Saba alle kommen, BWV 65"><i id="mwcg">Sie werden aus Saba alle kommen</i>, BWV 65</a>, a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bach_cantata" id="mwcw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bach cantata">Bach cantata</a>, for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" id="mwdA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Epiphany</a>, is performed the first time.<!-- 300 years in 2024 --><sup about="#mwt73" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-13"}}' id="cite_ref-13" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-13" id="mwdQ" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 13;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwdg">[13]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-13"><a class="external text" href="https://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000081?lang=en" id="mwCOU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">Sie werden aus Saba alle kommen BWV 65; BC A 27</a> <a about="#mwt72" class="external text" data-mw='{"parts":[{"template":{"target":{"wt":"Webarchive","href":"./Template:Webarchive"},"params":{"url":{"wt":"https://web.archive.org/web/20230304213331/https://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000081?lang=en"},"date":{"wt":"2023-03-04"}},"i":0}}]}' href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230304213331/https://www.bach-digital.de/receive/BachDigitalWork_work_00000081?lang=en" id="mwCOY" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow" typeof="mw:Transclusion">Archived</a><span about="#mwt72" id="mwCOc"> 2023-03-04 at the </span><a about="#mwt72" href="./Wayback_Machine" id="mwCOg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="./Bach_Digital" id="mwCOo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Bach Digital">Bach Digital</a></span>

In the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Jersey" id="mweg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Jersey">Battle of Jersey</a>, the British defeat the last attempt by France to invade Jersey in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_Islands" id="mwew" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Channel Islands">Channel Islands</a>.<sup about="#mwt78" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-14"}}' id="cite_ref-14" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-14" id="mwfA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 14;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwfQ">[14]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-14"><cite about="#mwt75" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFMayne1981">Mayne, Richard (1981). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DYhnAAAAMAAJ" id="mwCO4" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCO8">The Battle of Jersey</i></a>. Phillimore. p.<span id="mwCPA" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>ii. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCPE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCPI" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-0-85033-381-7" id="mwCPM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85033-381-7"><bdi id="mwCPQ">978-0-85033-381-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt75" class="Z3988" id="mwCPU" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Battle+of+Jersey&amp;rft.pages=ii&amp;rft.pub=Phillimore&amp;rft.date=1981&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-85033-381-7&amp;rft.aulast=Mayne&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDYhnAAAAMAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

Combined British, Portuguese and colonial Brazilian forces begin the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Cayenne_(1809)" id="mwgQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Invasion of Cayenne (1809)">Invasion of Cayenne</a> during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" id="mwgg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>.<sup about="#mwt83" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-15"}}' id="cite_ref-15" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-15" id="mwgw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 15;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwhA">[15]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-15"><cite about="#mwt80" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFJohns1855">Johns, Richard (Major.) (1855). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Erwob1JqJTQC&amp;pg=PA7" id="mwCPk" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCPo">The Calendar of Victory: Being a Record of British Valour and Conquest by Sea and Land, on Every Day in the Year. Projected and Commenced by the Late Major Johns ... Continued and Completed by Lieut P. H. Nicolas</i></a>. p.<span id="mwCPs" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>7.</cite><span about="#mwt80" class="Z3988" id="mwCPw" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Calendar+of+Victory%3A+Being+a+Record+of+British+Valour+and+Conquest+by+Sea+and+Land%2C+on+Every+Day+in+the+Year.+Projected+and+Commenced+by+the+Late+Major+Johns+...+Continued+and+Completed+by+Lieut+P.+H.+Nicolas&amp;rft.pages=7&amp;rft.date=1855&amp;rft.aulast=Johns&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard+%28Major.%29&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DErwob1JqJTQC%26pg%3DPA7&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>

<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Vail" id="mwiA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Alfred Vail">Alfred Vail</a> and colleagues demonstrate a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphy" id="mwiQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Telegraphy">telegraph</a> system using dots and dashes (this is the forerunner of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_code" id="mwig" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Morse code">Morse code</a>).<sup about="#mwt88" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-16"}}' id="cite_ref-16" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_6#cite_note-16" id="mwiw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 16;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwjA">[16]</span></a></sup>

<span class="mw-reference-text reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-16"><cite about="#mwt85" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFColles1895">Colles, Julia Keese (1895). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pl5UR4v7T1AC&amp;pg=PT286" id="mwCQA" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwCQE">Authors and Writers Associated With Morristown With a Chapter on Historic Morristown</i></a>. Library of Alexandria. p.<span id="mwCQI" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>286. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwCQM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwCQQ" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/978-1-4655-0681-8" id="mwCQU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4655-0681-8"><bdi id="mwCQY">978-1-4655-0681-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt85" class="Z3988" id="mwCQc" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Authors+and+Writers+Associated+With+Morristown+With+a+Chapter+on+Historic+Morristown&amp;rft.pages=286&amp;rft.pub=Library+of+Alexandria&amp;rft.date=1895&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4655-0681-8&amp;rft.aulast=Colles&amp;rft.aufirst=Julia+Keese&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPl5UR4v7T1AC%26pg%3DPT286&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+6"></span></span>