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2020-10-22 20:20:00

a tweet by Trump War Room:

Says photo of Malia Obama's credit card next to white powder was found on Hunter Biden's laptop.

Jon Greenberg

2020-09-29 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/29/joe-biden/biden-ad-compares-trumps-taxes-nurses-firefighters/

Biden ad compares Trump’s taxes with nurses, firefighters

Joe Biden’s campaign seized on a report that Donald Trump paid just $750 in federal income taxes in 2016 and in 2017. Hours after the New York Times broke its story, based on a review of two decades’ worth of the president’s tax returns, the Biden campaign posted a 30-second ad comparing Trump’s reported tax bill with the taxes paid by certain categories of essential workers. In the ad, a series of faces appear on screen as text cites the "typical income tax" of an elementary school teacher ($7,239), a firefighter ($5,238), a construction manager ($16,447), and a registered nurse ($10,216).  Finally, the ad shows footage of Donald Trump exiting Air Force One, with the text: "Federal income taxes paid: Donald Trump, $750." The $750 figure in the ad is based on the Times’ reporting on Trump’s 2017 return. We haven’t seen Trump’s tax returns ourselves, since he hasn’t released them to the public. (He’s the only major-party presidential nominee in modern times not to do so.) The Times said it obtained the tax returns from someone who had lawful access to them, but would not publish them in order to protect its source’s identity. A lawyer for the Trump Organization, the umbrella group for the president’s private business interests, challenged the Times’ reporting, writing in a statement that "over the past decade, President Trump has paid tens of millions of dollars in personal taxes to the federal government, including paying millions in personal taxes since announcing his candidacy in 2015."  The Times noted that the attorney’s statement appeared to conflate income taxes with other federal taxes such as Social Security and Medicare taxes, and the company did not furnish any documents to substantiate its claim. As for the "typical income tax" comparison for other workers, the Biden ad didn’t cite a specific source. The fine print on the ad says only that this information was based on "2019 data," but doesn’t go into detail. So we were curious about where the campaign got these numbers. It turns out the tax amounts cited in the ad aren’t sourced from a federal tax agency. Rather, to calculate the typical income taxes for various professions, the Biden campaign took the annual mean wages of those professions as reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and then used H&R Block’s tax calculator to estimate an income tax bill.  Whether that bill qualifies as "typical" is not clear. The calculations used in the ad were based on an estimate of what a 40-year-old single person (not head of household) would owe. Elaine Maag, principal research associate at the Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center, noted that various factors — whether someone is single or married, how many children they have, and whether they took standard or itemized deductions — affect the income taxes a person pays. Single people without children, who don’t qualify for tax credits and exemptions for children and dependents, will generally pay more in federal taxes than married couples or families with children. In 2016, middle-income households making about $60,000 a year paid $2,200 in federal income taxes, according to the Congressional Budget Office, a nonpartisan governmental agency. That’s far less than the amounts cited for any of the professions in the Biden ad. Since the Biden campaign didn’t take these variations into account when making its calculation, the income taxes it cites in the ad are not so much "typical" as they are guesses for a certain segment of taxpayers in those professions.  Mark Mazur, former assistant Treasury secretary for tax policy and director of the Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center, said that the Biden campaign’s calculations "get you in the general ballpark" of the real income tax average by profession, but that a more precise measure would also have taken household makeup into account.  It would be more accurate to say that the Biden campaign calculated the tax of "a 40-year-old single person, whose only income comes from his job," he said in an interview.  In addition, Mazur noted that the Biden campaign used a 2019 tax calculator rather than a tax calculator for 2016 or 2017, the years for which Trump reportedly paid $750.  Despite the holes in the comparison, tax experts agreed that the general thrust of the ad is accurate based on the Times’ reporting.  "Most Americans are paying way more than $750," said Mazur.  According to Vox, a single adult with no children and making as little as $17,900 in 2017 would have paid $750 in income tax.  Our ruling A Biden ad compared the amount of federal income tax Trump reportedly paid in 2017 with the "typical income tax" paid by categories of essential workers.  According to tax policy experts, the Biden campaign used incomplete data to arrive at the amounts for the "typical income tax" paid by essential workers. The figures were based on tax estimates for single taxpayers with no children or dependents, or other sources of taxable income, and it didn’t account for workers in other filing categories. But the experts said the general thrust of the ad is accurate: Most Americans paid far more than $750 in federal income taxes.  The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details. We rate this ad Half True.

Elections,Taxes,Joe Biden

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Chris Jacobs

2020-10-27 00:00:00

an Instagram post:

“More suicide deaths than coronavirus death past two months.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-09-29 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/29/molly-gray/attempted-didnt-vote/

Molly Gray’s claim she voted for Hillary Clinton in 2016 is false

As the country presses toward an election defined by disagreement over the current president, whether or not candidates voted for or against Donald Trump in 2016 is a basic political litmus test in 2020.  Molly Gray, the Democratic candidate for lieutenant governor, seemed to understand that when she proclaimed at a debate last week, "I proudly voted for Hillary Clinton." Gray’s Republican opponent, Scott Milne, had asked her about the gap in her voting record, from 2010 to 2016 (she voted in 2008 and then again in 2018).  "This is not the time to vote shame Vermonters," Gray responded. "I proudly voted for Barack Obama. I proudly voted for Hillary Clinton. And, yes, there was a period in my life where I was not a consistent voter. I was working incredibly hard traveling across the state. And I wasn’t registered where I was living, and there’s no excuse for that so I’m not going to talk about it anymore." But Gray has previously admitted that she didn’t cast a vote in the 2016 presidential race, in which Clinton had the chance to become the first female president. Instead, the 36-year-old Gray has said Trump’s election opened her eyes to the importance of politics, and helped spark her decision to run for high office. So why did she claim last week that she voted for Clinton in that election? VTDigger emailed Gray’s campaign to find out.  "To say she did not vote, is true," Gray’s campaign manager, Samantha Sheehan, wrote in an email, "to say she did not attempt to vote is false which is what she clarified last night." In an interview Friday, Gray said by "voting" she meant going through motions of filling out an absentee ballot (she was living in Switzerland and traveling at the time). "The act of filling in the ballot and sending the ballot, to me, was I attempted to vote for Hillary Clinton." she said. "So did I vote? Was my vote counted? No. Could it be counted? No. But did I attempt to vote? Yes." Gray’s campaign has previously provided VTDigger with an email Gray sent to the town clerk in Newbury, where her parents live on a fruit and vegetable farm, dated November 7, 2016, the day before Trump’s election. In that email, Gray references a previous effort to obtain an absentee ballot, and makes a last-minute effort to vote in any way possible. "Can you confirm that I can write in the VT candidates (Governor, Lt Gov, AG, etc?)" Gray wrote to the town clerk. "I think it is fine if you receive this after tomorrow, and I believe it is actually meant to address situations where an absentee ballot is not received and sent in time. In the alternative, if it is possible to vote via email, I’d like to do that." But the town clerk apparently informed her it was too late. "Molly did not receive an absentee ballot," Sheehan wrote in an email to VTDigger in July, "and she didn’t get a federal write-in ballot to the town clerk in Newbury in time." Sheehan added in a separate email at the time: "As mentioned by phone, 2016 was an excruciating disappointment and wake-up call for Molly. She wasn’t able to vote, and because of that has made promoting vote-by-mail and information about how to vote a cornerstone of her campaign." Gray’s voting records show that she voted in Burlington in 2008, and then registered in Newbury in 2017, where she voted in the 2018 midterm election. She also has an active voter registration in Washington, D.C., where she lived for a few years after graduating from college, but has never voted there.  Milne’s campaign on Monday fired the latest shots in a related salvo over voting records, hitting back against spurious claims about his own voting record made by a pro-Gray political action committee. Our ruling Molly Gray said "I proudly voted for Hillary Clinton" during a debate last week. Setting aside some of the related competing claims from the candidates and their allies, it’s clear that Molly Gray did not vote for Hillary Clinton.  Additionally, Gray did not attempt to qualify or add additional context to her claim, likely leaving some viewers with the distinct impression that she did vote for Clinton in 2016.  But public records and Gray’s own statements confirm that she did not. We rate this claim false. 

Vermont,Molly Gray

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Tom Brady

2020-09-27 00:00:00

a candidate debate:

Says over 1,000 mail in ballots were found in a dumpster in California.

Madison Czopek

2020-09-28 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/roger-williams/no-texas-does-not-have-lowest-taxes-and-fewest-reg/

No, Texas does not have lowest taxes and fewest regulations in the U.S.

For years, Texas Republicans have boasted about policies that they say have drawn out-of-state businesses to relocate to Texas and have led existing businesses to flourish. Former Gov. Rick Perry and others pointed to low taxes, light regulations and a pro-business attitude in describing the "Texas Miracle" — a catchphrase that emerged in the Perry era to explain the state’s booming economy. While Perry has faded from mainstream politics after two failed presidential bids, the principles set forth under the Texas Miracle banner have not. U.S. Rep. Roger Williams, R-Austin, continued that line of reasoning in a tweet last Sunday10/18 that praised the state’s economic fortunes. "Texas is the embodiment of freedom with lower taxes and less regulations than anywhere else in the U.S. — and because of these principles, we’re home to millions of skilled craftsmen and innovators that strengthen our economy every day," Williams wrote. It’s true that state Republicans continue to pride themselves on keeping taxes low and regulations light. But claiming that Texas has fewer regulations and lower taxes than any other state stands on shaky ground. ‘Less regulations’ Measuring and ranking states’ regulatory rules has never been straightforward. There are various methods that policy analysts have used to quantify government regulations. Some have taken a simplistic approach by counting words or pages in a government’s regulatory code. Take for instance President Donald Trump who, in 2017, stood next to a stack of 180,000 pages meant to represent the federal government’s burdensome regulatory code and his administration’s deregulatory agenda. With 17 million words, Texas ranks as the seventh-most regulated state by simple word count. Other measurements narrowly analyze a specific area of regulations, or regulations that pertain to a certain industry group. For instance, the Institute of Justice, a libertarian public interest firm, releases an annual report that measures states’ occupational licensing requirements, where Texas is ranked 10th-least burdensome. And others take more anecdotal approaches by using public surveys or surveys of industry stakeholders that measure perceptions of a state’s regulatory framework. For instance, Texas ranks around 28th for the number of people who believe that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy, according to a Pew Research Center survey. In any case, Texas has never ranked as having "less regulations than anywhere else in the U.S." as Williams asserts. "The regulatory thicket in Texas is dense," said Brandon Rottinghaus, a political science professor at the University of Houston. "Generally speaking, it’s a state that has a lot of regulation because of a sizable health care community, the massive chemical manufacturing industry, and a host of occupational licensing restrictions," Rottinghaus said. Perhaps the most advanced method for quantifying and ranking states’ entire regulatory framework comes from the Mercatus Center, a free-market think tank associated with George Mason University. In 2019, the Mercatus Center developed State RegData, a tool that uses text analysis and machine learning algorithms to quantify the administrative codes of 46 states and the District of Columbia. Instead of looking at word or page counts of state codes, a method that has been criticized as being too simplistic and arbitrary, State RegData counts the number of times a code uses restrictive or directive terminology, words like "shall," "must," "may not," "required," and "prohibited." Comparing state codes this way, Texas ranks as the fifth most regulated state with about 263,000 regulatory restrictions in its text. California topped that list, followed by New York, Ohio and Illinois. "Just on the basis of, is (Williams’) claim true or not, I would say it’s not true, at least by our measure," said James Broughel, a senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center who helped develop State RegData. Rottinghaus and Broughel agree that there is a positive correlation between the size of a state’s population or economy and the volume of its regulations. Last month, Broughel and the Mercatus Center released a study on the relationship between regulatory volume and population size, which hypothesized that larger economies demand more regulations due to the diversity and size of their industries. But even if calculating states’ regulatory volume per population, Texas would still not rank as the least-regulated state in the U.S. According to Broughel’s calculations, Texas has about nine restrictions for every 1,000 residents, which is the fourth lowest in the U.S. after Michigan, Florida and Arizona. Calculating state restrictions per million dollars of gross state product, Texas is the second least restrictive state bested only by California — Texas Republicans’ favorite heel. ‘Lower taxes’ Williams’ other claim, that Texas has "lower taxes" than any other state, also is dubious. Texas is one of nine states without an income tax, "but the overall tax burden is still high," said Rottinghaus. "Texas has a bunch of other taxes, like the franchise (business) tax, gas tax, and ‘sin’ taxes," the taxes levied on alcohol, tobacco and gambling, Rottinghaus said. "These also add up, and in most cases Texas is not ranked the lowest." According to a 2020 report by the Tax Foundation, a nonpartisan Washington D.C. think tank, Texas has the fifth lowest overall tax burden per capita, with an average resident paying about 7.6% of their income toward state and local taxes. Another study by the personal finance website WalletHub, found that Texas has the 19th lowest overall tax burden per capita with an average resident paying about 8.2% of their income to property and sales taxes. Our ruling Williams said that Texas has "lower taxes and less regulations than anywhere else in the U.S." Texas is a big state with a large population and a diverse array of industries that demand a variety of regulations. There are various ways to quantify and compare Texas’ regulatory volume to other states, yet none rank Texas as having the fewest regulations in the U.S. Williams’ office did not respond to multiple inquiries asking how he figured his statement. Studies also show that despite having no state income tax, its overall per capita tax burden does not rank as the lowest in the U.S. We rate this claim False.

Government Regulation,Regulation,Small Business,Taxes,Texas,Roger Williams

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Facebook posts

2020-09-24 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Jared Kushner “deleted all of his tweets after the tax story broke.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-10-23 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/viral-image/facebook-post-misstates-number-biden-owned-propert/

Facebook post misstates number of Biden-owned properties

Theories about Democratic presidential candidate Joe Biden’s properties, and how he paid for them, continue to circulate on social media, often linking his wealth to foreign entities, without evidence. President Donald Trump circulated a few himself at the Oct. 22 presidential debate. "Your other brother made a fortune, and it’s all through you, Joe," Trump said, after claiming Biden’s brother made millions in Iraq. "And they say you get some of it. You do live very well. You have houses all over the place." One such claim appears on Facebook with a viral image that shows satellite photos of four properties, and Biden’s photo in the middle.  The post says Biden has four homes, ranging in value from $3 million to $7.5 million "on a $200k a year salary," reads the Facebook post accompanying the image.  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  The Bidens own two properties, according to his campaign and several news reports about their  estate: a primary residence in Wilmington, Del., and a vacation home in Rehoboth Beach, Del.  They’re both shown in the image circulating on Facebook. Forbes estimated those two properties to be worth a combined $4 million last year.  The other two properties in the image aren’t owned by Biden. Biden sold one of them, a DuPont mansion in Delaware pictured in the top-right corner, in 1996. The fourth property, a house in McLean, Va., is a rental.  PolitiFact previously debunked a claim by the president’s son Eric Trump, who miscaptioned the DuPont mansion as Biden’s home in a tweet that questioned the former vice president’s source of income. Biden bought that house for $185,000 in 1975, then sold it for $1.2 million in 1996 after major renovations. The McLean, Va., home, which Biden rents, was sold to a venture capitalist for $4.25 million in 2016, The Washington Post reported.  The Facebook post also makes a misleading reference to Biden’s income. Biden’s salary as a senator varied from $42,500 a year in 1973, when he began serving in the Senate, to $169,300 by the time he left the chamber in January 2009. As vice president for eight years, he earned up to $230,700 a year, while his wife, Jill Biden, continued to teach. In 2016, his last year in office, the couple reported an adjusted gross income of $396,456. But after he left office, both Bidens wrote books, and his financial disclosure form lists dozens of speaking engagements and book-tour events that typically earned him five- and six-figure payments each. The couple, who file their taxes jointly, reported adjusted gross income of about $11 million in 2017. Our ruling  The Facebook post claimed that Biden owns four properties, which range from values of $3 million to $7.5 million, on a salary of $200,000 a year.  Biden owns two of the four properties pictured. He rents a third property in the photo, and the fourth property was a mansion he renovated and sold in 1996.  Biden’s recent earnings from book deals and speaking engagements were far larger than his salary as a government official.  We rate this claim Mostly False.

Facebook Fact-checks,Viral image

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Joe Biden

2020-09-26 00:00:00

a post:

A letter from Mississippi Gov. Tate Reeves says that at “the beginning of October 2020 the statewide mask requirements will be abolished.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-10-23 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/lucy-mcbath/georgia-rep-lucy-mcbath-cherry-picks-attack-karen-/

Georgia Rep. Lucy McBath cherry picks in attack on Karen Handel over CDC funding

In a new ad, Georgia Democratic Rep. Lucy McBath points a finger at her competitor, saying former GOP Rep. Karen Handel’s actions in Congress hindered the nation’s ability to respond to COVID-19.  "Karen Handel slashed the Centers for Disease Control's ability to fight diseases, cutting millions in research funding," the ad’s narrator says over flashing images of a tired medical worker, an empty laboratory and a patient lying in a hospital bed, her eyes closed. The ad ends by stating McBath believes the CDC should be protected, "not gutted." But the attack misses due to cherry-picking: What McBath points to as evidence is Handel’s vote for a massive spending bill to avert a government shutdown, not an up-or-down vote on money for the CDC. A competitive rematch This is not the first time McBath and Handel are running for the same seat. Handel served in the House from June 2017 to January 2019, after winning a special election. McBath defeated Handel in Handel’s bid for re-election in November 2018. The McBath-Handel rematch is one of 18 pivotal House and Senate contests up for election on Nov. 3 that PolitiFact is tracking. It is rated "lean Democratic" by the Cook Political Report, meaning it’s a competitive race but that the Democrat appears to have the advantage. In this campaign, we’ve rated one McBath attack on Handel as Half True; a Handel claim about McBath as False; and an attack by the National Republican Congressional Campaign on McBath as False. McBath’s evidence McBath’s ad cites Handel’s vote in February 2018 for a budget bill, that cleared the House on a 240-186 vote and was signed into law byinto law three days later by President Donald Trump. The measure provided continuing appropriations for numerous federal agencies into March 2018, including the agriculture, commerce, defense, energy, health and human services, interior, justice and transportation departments. The bill was a stopgap measure to avert a government shutdown and keep the government running for six weeks.  The bill called for a reduction of $1.35 billion over 10 years in the CDC’s Prevention and Public Health Fund which, at the time, accounted for 12% of the CDC’s budget.  According to the CDC, the fund must be used "to provide for expanded and sustained national investment in prevention and public health programs to improve health and help restrain the rate of growth in private and public health care costs." But a vote for a massive budget bill hundreds of pages long isn’t proof that a representative is voting for, or against, any single provision in the bill. In other words, this was not an up-or-down vote on one portion of the CDC’s budget any more than it was a vote on $14 million in hurricane assistance for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, or on $1 million for the office of the inspector in the Economic Development Administration, both of which also were in the bill. Handel’s campaign acknowledged that Handel voted for the bill that reduced the Prevention and Public Health Fund, but argued that overall, the CDC’s operating plan for fiscal 2019 showed an increase in funding in most areas. It’s worth noting that federal support to build state and local capacity to manage a new viral crisis fell by 50% after 2003. The decline in federal aid spans three presidencies and many sessions of Congress. President Trump sought $100 million in cuts that would have made the situation harder. But Congress ignored the president’s budget plans and largely kept the flow of dollars steady, even increasing them slightly. Our ruling McBath claimed in an ad that Handel "slashed the Centers for Disease Control's ability to fight diseases, cutting millions in research funding." What Handel voted for was a big stopgap funding measure that kept numerous government agencies funded for six weeks and averted a shutdown. It was not an up-or-down vote on CDC funding, though it did include a reduction in one of the CDC’s funds. We rate the statement Mostly False.

Federal Budget,Public Health,Lucy McBath

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Molly Gray

2020-09-27 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

In 2017, Joe Biden paid $3,742,974 in federal income taxes and Kamala Harris paid $516,469 while Donald Trump paid $750.

Brandon Mulder

2020-10-23 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/joe-biden/bidens-claim-about-trump-slashing-medicare-benefit/

Biden’s claim about Trump slashing Medicare benefits misses context about ACA

It’s a tried-and-true campaign strategy. Candidates go on the attack, claiming their opponent will do harm to Medicare. After all, people 65 and older are good about making it to the polls on Election Day. These voters are also generally motivated to protect the federal health insurance program for seniors. It’s no surprise, then, that in an ad released this month, former Vice President Joe Biden’s campaign played the Medicare card. "Donald Trump is lying about Medicare and Social Security," an ominous, mature, male voice warns viewers in the ad. He goes on to say that "Trump’s pushing to slash Medicare benefits." Clearly, we’ve heard this dire message before — from candidates of both parties through the years.  We issued a skeptical rating of a claim that Trump promised to gut Social Security and Medicare if re-elected, noting that his deferral of payroll taxes did not mention Medicare at all. But Trump has not mentioned cuts to Medicare benefits on the trail, and he’s promised to make cuts to the program in the future. So what is Biden’s claim talking about? As a rationale for the statement, a Biden campaign spokesperson pointed us to the Trump administration’s support of Republicans’ efforts in a court case, California v. Texas, which seeks to overturn the Affordable Care Act. But the ad does not include any reference or explanation of how the case would impact Medicare benefits.  The legal challenge, brought by a group of Republican attorneys general, is pegged to the 2017 tax bill, which zeroed out the tax that functioned as a penalty for not having health coverage — known as the individual mandate. Without this linchpin tax, the Republicans argue, the entire law should be struck down. They based that on the Supreme Court decision in 2012 that the law was constitutional because the penalty was a valid use of Congress’ ability to levy taxes. In the current case, lower courts have found the law unconstitutional, and a group of Democratic attorneys general appealed to the Supreme Court. Oral arguments are scheduled for Nov. 10. The Trump administration filed a brief in support of invalidating the entire law. Though best known for its vast expansion of health coverage through marketplace plans and Medicaid, the ACA also included a range of consumer protections — such as the ban on discrimination against people with preexisting conditions — and an estimated 165 Medicare-related provisions. The Biden spokesperson pointed to one, which ended Medicare’s so-called doughnut hole. We asked experts for their take. Immediately, we found differences in opinion. That’s a "perfectly fair claim," said Nicholas Bagley, a professor at the University of Michigan Law School. Closing the doughnut hole matters to many people, he said. Case Western Reserve University law professor Jonathan Adler took a different view. The argument that Medicare would be affected "is a very aggressive reading of the filing in this case," he said, referring to the Trump administration’s brief in support of nullifying the ACA. The next step seemed to be getting a better grasp of what’s at stake. A quick review of the doughnut hole, other Medicare provisions The Medicare doughnut hole refers to the gap in Part D prescription drug coverage that begins after a beneficiary spends a set amount — usually a few thousand dollars. Before the ACA, beneficiaries who reached that threshold were responsible for 100% of their medication costs until they spent enough for catastrophic coverage to kick in, which could be more than $1,000 in additional spending. Even with this coverage, beneficiaries were responsible for 5% of their drug expenditures. (If beneficiaries were responsible for 100% of costs today, people with high drug costs would obviously pay a lot more without the ACA provision.) The ACA would have gradually ended that coverage gap. But, in 2018, Congress adopted changes to expedite the process. As of 2019, the doughnut hole was closed. Adler pointed to that congressional intervention as a step that could keep the doughnut hole closed if the ACA were overturned. Based on this legislative history, the argument could be made that closing the coverage gap was something Congress had an interest in apart from the ACA. Also, since the doughnut hole is officially closed, some analysts said this provision may not be vulnerable to the upcoming Supreme Court decision on the ACA. "You can make a lot of claims," said Gail Wilensky, a former head of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, of the campaign’s effort to tie the legal challenge to the doughnut hole. "That one is really a stretch." Other ACA provisions tied to Medicare benefits seem more at risk, such as the one that mandated annual wellness visits and certain preventive services, such as mammograms, bone mass measurement for those with osteoporosis, and depression and diabetes screening, with no patient cost sharing. "It’s not clear that the administration actively supports any change to the Medicare benefits with the case before SCOTUS," said Tricia Neuman, KFF senior vice president and executive director of the KFF's program on Medicare policy. "But if they didn’t explicitly seek to wall off certain provisions, it is at least conceivable — though maybe not likely — that Medicare benefits in the ACA could be collateral damage." (KHN is an editorially independent program of KFF.) According to an amicus brief filed by the AARP, the Center for Medicare Advocacy and Justice in Aging in 2016, an estimated 40.1 million Medicare beneficiaries received at least one preventive service and 10.3 million had an annual wellness visit with no copay or deductible. Other experts pointed to a troubling implication for Medicare: the nullification of the ACA provisions related to costs and slowing the growth of the program’s spending. Those efforts had been credited with extending the solvency of the Health Insurance Trust Fund and slowing the growth in Medicare premiums. It "would impair the financial fitness" of the trust fund, said Paul Van de Water, a senior fellow at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Trump "may not say it is his intent to slash Medicare benefits," agreed David Lipschutz, associate director of the Center for Medicare Advocacy, but overturning the ACA entirely would "cause chaos writ large." And, because of the program’s size, that chaos "would upend the financial markets and the entire health care system," according to the brief filed by Medicare advocates. What comes next is complicated Enter the concept of severability. Many court watchers are quick to say the high court’s decision could go beyond upholding the entire law or declaring it unconstitutional. Instead, the justices could separate or sever parts of it not directly related to the zeroed-out tax penalty, the so-called individual mandate. Of course, the Trump administration argued in its brief that the interwoven nature of the ACA’s provisions demanded that the entire law be invalidated. "If you just go on that basis, they are not arguing for severability," said Van de Water. But others point out another layer that warrants consideration. "Everyone who comments on this focuses on the administration’s argument for inseverability," Adler said. But he said it’s more complicated than that. The Trump administration’s position is "simultaneously that the entire ACA should be invalidated" and also that relief should be provided only where injury to the plaintiffs is shown. (The administration defines the plaintiffs as the two individuals who signed on to the original challenge.) Another view is that this point in the administration’s argument is not clear-cut, mostly because it gives no hint as to which programs or provisions would fit into the category of harming the plaintiffs. Ultimately, the fate of the sweeping health law is in the hands of the Supreme Court. "Legal analysts didn’t anticipate the case getting as far as it has," said Lipschutz. But the White House threw its weight behind the lawsuit," said Bagley, at the University of Michigan. "So, they own the consequences. Especially in the context of this presidential campaign." Our ruling An attack ad by the Biden campaign states that Trump is "pushing to slash Medicare benefits" and ties this charge to the administration’s position on the pending legal challenge to the ACA. The Biden campaign pointed to an ACA provision that sought to close the Medicare doughnut hole to support this claim. It may not be the best example, though, because some experts suggest it may not be as vulnerable as other parts of the law. Experts outlined a range of other Medicare provisions that either provided new benefits or shored up the program’s financial fitness. If the whole law were to be nullified, as the administration has advocated, these changes could also be erased — a step that would affect benefits and potentially cause premiums to rise. But even if the Supreme Court accepts the Republicans’ arguments in this case, it’s not certain that the justices would overturn the entire law. Overall, the Biden ad seems plausible, even though the context linking Trump’s position on the legal challenge and its impact on Medicare benefits is missing from the ad. We rate the statement Half True.

Health Care,Medicare,Health Check,Joe Biden

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Facebook posts

2020-09-26 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Texas has “lower taxes and less regulations than anywhere else in the U.S.”

Hayat Norimine

2020-10-23 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/nicole-galloway/parson-administration-did-remove-100000-kids-medic/

Parson administration did remove almost 100,000 kids from Medicaid, as Galloway said

Missouri State Auditor Nicole Galloway has argued that Gov. Mike Parson can’t be trusted to expand Medicaid, something voters approved in August. She has made it a cornerstone of her campaign for Parson’s seat. In an Oct. 4 Facebook post, Galloway reinforced her argument by saying the Parson administration "purged 100,000 kids from Medicaid." Galloway has repeated this claim in a number of TV ads. In an ad entitled "First Thing," she said that Parson "cut health care from 100,000 children." In an ad entitled "Top Priority," she asserts that Parson "kicked 100,000 kids off their health care." In an ad entitled "Urgency," she said that Parson responded to rising health-care costs by "cutting coverage for hundreds of thousands." The Parson campaign aggressively refutes this claim, going so far as to threaten legal action. PolitiFact Missouri obtained a letter sent by Parson campaign attorney Marc Ellinger to stations running one of Galloway’s ads. The letter, dated Oct. 8, asks that the stations stop running the ad and asserts that it "contains demonstrably false claims" and that, among other things, "the Governor has, at no time, taken any policy decision to change eligibility for children on Medicaid or any other health coverage in Missouri."  During an Oct. 9 debate, we looked into a similar claim made by Green Party candidate Jerome Bauer who said that he lost his Medicaid "alongside 100,000 Missouri children who got kicked off Medicaid." We found this to be accurate. But with a major party candidate making a similar claim, we wanted to take a deeper look at the records. Children dropped from Medicaid Medicaid is a government program that provides health care to certain low-income people or those with disabilities. Missouri’s Medicaid program is called MO HealthNet, and the Missouri Department of Social Services runs the program. The director of that department is appointed by and reports to the governor. Data from the Department of Social Services shows that from June 2018, the month Parson took office, to December 2019, the number of children enrolled in the program dropped by 96,989. Parson and other Republicans have previously said this is a result of fewer people needing the program due to an improving economy. Experts were skeptical of this explanation. "It wasn’t the economy," said Timothy McBride, a professor at Washington University in St. Louis and former chair of the state MO HealthNet Oversight Committee. "It was the process they used." The state government periodically does checks to make sure those receiving the benefits are still eligible for the program. The eligibility requirements are less stringent for children than for their parents. For a child to qualify, their parents must make less than three times the federal poverty level, but for the whole family, they must simply make less than the federal poverty level, so when a parent no longer qualifies, their child might still. After pressure from Democrats for an investigation, top staff at the Department of Social Services acknowledged in a legislative hearing that the state was dropping children from the program when their parents no longer qualified even when the children themselves still did. "When I talked to people in other states, they were really surprised that that’s how we did it," McBride said. "They said, ‘no, that’s not how it should’ve been done.’ No other state did it that way." Republicans argued that parents could have simply reapplied for their children, but there is evidence that the program’s eligibility system was flawed and that parents were given little guidance on the process. In several of its regular meetings, the MO HealthNet Oversight Committee discussed this. The minutes from the committee’s August 2018 meeting show that the committee heard from a representative of Legal Aid of Western Missouri who explained that her clients were having trouble getting access to call centers after being denied Medicaid. She said that in July 2018, the average call center wait time was 30 minutes, compared to 4 minutes in February 2017. She also said that dropped calls increased from 4% the year prior to 60% that year. In that same meeting, one of the committee members, Jennifer Tidball, explained that the drop in enrollment can be attributed to the stability of the program’s eligibility system, according to the meeting minutes. In the minutes from the April 2019 meeting, the committee heard from a different legal expert, this one representing Legal Services of Eastern Missouri, who described "dysfunctional call centers, burdensome paperwork and the inability of receiving any help" from local offices as issues his clients faced when trying to reapply. We reached out to the Galloway campaign who said they had the same evidence we did. Our ruling On Facebook and in campaign ads, Galloway said that "Governor Parson’s administration purged 100,000 kids from Medicaid rolls." The Missouri Department of Social Services’s data shows that 96,989 children were dropped from Medicaid under Parson’s administration from June 2018 to December 2019. A letter from Parsons’ campaign attorney states that "the governor has, at no time, taken any policy decision to change eligibility for children on Medicaid or any other health coverage in Missouri." This does not refute Galloway’s claim though. While Parson's administration may not have taken a formal step to change policy regarding Medicaid eligibility, we found that, under his leadership, the Department of Social Services changed the process for which eligibility is reviewed. That change resulted in 96,989 children being cut from Medicaid when they were still eligible. That’s still about 3,000 children short of Galloway’s claim, but her argument that Parson’s administration removed a huge number of children from Medicaid is still accurate. We rate this claim Mostly True.

Children,Health Care,Medicaid,Missouri,Nicole Galloway

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Facebook posts

2020-09-27 00:00:00

a tweet:

Says Joe Biden owns four $3 million -$7.5 million homes on a $200,000 salary.

Tom Kertscher

2020-10-23 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/vicky-hartzler/hartzlers-claim-isnt-close-were-long-way-away-herd/

Hartzler’s claim isn’t close: We’re a long way away from herd immunity

In an 8-minute interview on 93.9 The Eagle last month, U.S. Rep. Vicky Hartzler, R-4th District, spoke on the timetable of vaccine development and deployment with Operation Warp Speed before claiming, "We’re starting to reach almost herd immunity in this nation, so we’ll be on the downside of this virus very soon." The claim touches on two topics: herd immunity and the timetable of the virus. Claims about herd immunity are not new. We’ve covered the subject extensively. RELATED: How helpful can herd immunity be in ending the coronavirus pandemic? No, the U.S. hasn’t achieved herd immunity from COVID-19 Corralling the facts on herd immunity  Hartzler hit similar notes in an October interview with KMIZ/ABC, saying, "I feel like we will rebound fully just once we get ... get this vaccine developed and we reach herd immunity, which could be fairly soon as well." We’ve noted before that public health experts say herd immunity is a questionable strategy. Even so, we have a long way to go before we get to herd immunity. Here’s why. What is herd immunity? Essentially, herd immunity is a numbers game for infectious diseases. The more immune a population becomes, the less likely it becomes for an infected individual to come into contact with a non-immune person and continue the chain of transmission. Herd immunity does not necessarily stop transmission; herd immunity makes transmission less likely. Individuals might gain immunity by getting infected. Or, they can get vaccinated, which isn’t an option yet.   That leaves getting infected, which is not ideal due to the risk of death and known and unknown long-term health effects. However, there’s another problem: Immunity by way of infection might not last long enough because of reported cases of reinfection. The known and unknown health risks of the coronavirus in addition to the uncertainty of the immunity render herd immunity infeasible until there is a vaccine. Why is it infeasible? Scientists’ estimate that 60% to 70% of the population would have to become infected before herd immunity is reached. For reference, that’s more than 200 million Americans. This threshold is where Hartzler’s claim falls apart. At the time of her Sept. 2 claim, 5.8 million individuals had been infected in the U.S., which is around 1.7%. There’s much more than an order of magnitude between the infected population then and the one required. As of Oct. 5, around the time of Hartzler’s KMIZ interview, over 7.2 million individuals had been infected, amounting to around 2.2% of the population – still a long way off from the herd immunity threshold. We tried reaching out to Hartzler’s campaign multiple times for evidence but received no response. Additionally, because the virus is so new, experts still don’t fully understand how immunity to COVID-19 works. Cases of reinfection demonstrate that immunity from a prior infection may not be enough if the virus changes enough to render it ineffective.  Once a vaccine is approved, supply may be limited. Operation Warp Speed aims to accelerate the development, production and distribution of the vaccine, but it will take time to ramp up the supply of vaccine and distribute it. So herd immunity through vaccination is a long way off. Our ruling Hartzler claimed, "We’re starting to reach almost herd immunity in this nation, so we’ll be on the downside of this virus very soon." Without a vaccine, herd immunity relies on infections driving immunity. At the time of the quote – and now – immunity in the United States is far short of that required by estimates. This statement is not accurate. We rate this claim False.

Public Health,Missouri,Coronavirus,Vicky Hartzler

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Viral image

2020-10-18 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Karen Handel "slashed the Centers for Disease Control's ability to fight diseases, cutting millions in research funding."

Stephanie Stapleton

2020-10-23 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/01/instagram-posts/social-media-posts-make-false-claim-ca-voters-will/

Instagram Posts Make False Claim CA Voters Will Be ‘Turned Away’ From Polls Due To Mail-In Voting

Widely-shared posts on Instagram on Monday claimed California voters would be "turned away" from in-person polling places on Election Day unless they change their voting preference to "No mail-in voting."  Election experts quickly rejected that message.  We examined the details in this fact check. Our research The social media posts include an image of Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom and allege he changed the voting preference for "EVERY single voter in CA" to "vote by mail." It goes on to claim that this move will lead to people being turned away at polling places unless they make a change to their voter preference. The posts were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about PolitiFact California’s partnership with Facebook, which owns Instagram).  We found this greatly distorts what Newsom did and makes a false accusation about its consequences. Here are the facts: Back in June, Newsom signed a law that requires counties to send all active registered voters a mail-in ballot this fall. He said the move was necessary due to health concerns over casting a ballot in-person during a pandemic. The law does not eliminate in-person voting options, though there won’t be as many polling places. Nor does it require voters to do anything different to vote in-person.  "You do not need to change anything with your voter registration in order to participate in-person in this election," said Sam Mahood, spokesperson for the California Secretary of State’s Office, which oversees the state’s election.  Mahood described the claim about being "turned away" at the polls as "definitely misinformation." He said his office reported the posts to Instagram and Facebook and noted that some had been taken down. Mahood added that the new law does not alter the voting preference Californians select when they register to vote. If their preference is listed as in-person voting, they will continue to be listed that way in future elections.  California's In-Person Voting Options There are several ways California voters can participate in-person. Voters can fill out their ballot at home, place it inside the envelope provided and turn it in at a polling place, their county elections office or a ballot drop box. Voters must sign the outside of the envelope for their ballot to be counted.  If voters want to fill out a ballot at a polling place, election officials recommend they bring their vote-by-mail ballot with them to "surrender" it at the polls, which essentially means they will exchange it for a ballot at the polling location and the vote-by-mail ballot will be canceled.  Voters can also fill out their mail-in ballot at a polling place and turn it in onsite, though Mahood said election officials are encouraging people to fill out those ballots in advance to cut down on crowds at the polls. For those who don’t bring their vote-by-mail ballots, there are still options. They will receive either a provisional ballot or, if they are in a county that uses the new vote center model, poll workers should be able to print them a new and regular ballot onsite, Mahood said.  Kim Alexander, president of the California Voter Foundation, which advocates for voters, said there are ways the public can slow the spread of election misinformation.  She said officials are using the hashtag #TrustedInfo2020 to help voters identify reliable election information online. Meanwhile, the California Voter Foundation is urging voters "to SIFT information before they share it." SIFT stands for "Stop, Investigate, Find reliable info, and Trace sources before sharing anything via social media," Alexander said.  As for the claim at the center of this fact check, Alexander agreed it "is absolutely false." "We have many failsafes in our voting process to ensure no one is turned away," she said. Our rating Social media posts claimed California voters would be "turned away" from in-person voting unless they made a change online to their voter preference by selecting "No mail-in voting."  That is simply not the case. Voters don’t need to make any voting preference change to cast their ballot in-person.  All active registered voters will receive a mail-in ballot ahead of Election Day, as part of an effort to stay safe amid the pandemic.  But there are in-person voting options and none require Californians to make any changes to their voting preferences.  The claims in these social media posts are both inaccurate and reckless, deserving of our most severe designation.   We rate them Pants On Fire.  PANTS ON FIRE – The statement is not accurate and makes a ridiculous claim. CapRadio and PolitiFact California are fact-checking election misinformation and answering your questions about voting through the November 2020 election. Email us your questions and ideas for a fact check at [email protected], or contact us on Twitter or Facebook. Related: PolitiFact California, No, California Is Not Sending Mail-In Ballots "To Anyone In The State," As Trump Falsely Claimed, May 26, 2020 PolitiFact California, How Early Should You Send In Your Mail-in Ballot To Make Sure It Gets Counted? It Varies By State, July 29, 2020 PolitiFact California, Answering Questions About Vote-By-Mail In California Amid COVID-19, Attacks By Trump, June 2, 2020 PolitiFact California, Trump Draws False Contrast Between Absentee, Mail-In Voting, Election Experts Say, July 30, 2020

Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,California,Instagram posts

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Viral image

2020-10-17 00:00:00

an ad:

Says Donald Trump “is pushing to slash Medicare benefits."

William Skipworth

2020-09-01 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/31/steve-scalise/house-republicans-video-manipulates-activists-comp/

House Republican’s video manipulates activist’s computerized voice to attack Biden

House Minority Whip Steve Scalise, R-La., shared a video that used manipulated footage of activist Ady Barkan to falsely accuse former Vice President Joe Biden of wanting to defund the police. Biden, the Democratic presidential nominee, has repeatedly rejected that position. The video created the false impression by splicing together clips from a July interview between Biden and Barkan, who has Lou Gehrig’s disease, also known as ALS. Barkan speaks through the use of a computerized device that translates his eye movements into an artificial voice.  The manipulation hinged on a portion of the interview where Biden talked about police reform. Scalise’s video spliced Barkan’s words to make it seem like he asked if Biden agreed "that we can redirect some of the funding for police."  But that was not a question that Barkan posed. The video was altered to add "for police." "These are not my words," Barkan said in a tweet asking Scalise to remove the video and apologize to the disability community. "I have lost my ability to speak, but not my agency or my thoughts. You and your team have doctored my words for your own political gain." .@SteveScalise, These are not my words. I have lost my ability to speak, but not my agency or my thoughts. You and your team have doctored my words for your own political gain. Please remove this video immediately. You owe the entire disability community an apology. https://t.co/N6G5RgMXlO— Ady Barkan (@AdyBarkan) August 30, 2020 The manipulated video was first reported by the Washington Post’s Dave Weigel, who tweeted screenshots highlighting its deceptive editing.  Twitter flagged the video as "manipulated," after which Scalise deleted it and posted a new version that omitted the spliced footage of Barkan. The video was flagged according to Twitter’s policy against "synthetic and manipulated media," a Twitter spokesperson confirmed.  There's a clip here of @AdyBarkan, who has ALS and speaks via voice assistance, asking Biden about "re-directing" public safety funding. The clip alters the quote. It splices "for police" into it, using Barkan's artificial voice. https://t.co/WKkbRzlrXF https://t.co/mUysm9YDeQ pic.twitter.com/uofqi9428E— Dave Weigel (@daveweigel) August 30, 2020 A Scalise spokesperson said the edit combined two of Barkan’s questions for time and clarity, and Scalise stood by the false suggestion that Biden wants to defund the police on Twitter.  "Look, it shouldn’t have been edited," Scalise said on Fox News. "But at the same time, the comments were always about — in fact, twice in that interview, he asked Joe Biden if he was for redirecting money away from police. And in both times, Joe Biden said yes." In fact, Biden has proposed additional police reforms and oversight and called for a $300 million investment in a community policing grant program. The Barkan interview and Biden’s stance The Biden-Barkan interview was posted July 8 by NowThis News, which edited it down to about 27 minutes. The Biden campaign previously gave PolitiFact an unedited audio recording of the exchange, since NowThis trimmed some of Biden’s responses to condense the conversation. The unedited audio shows that when Barkan steered the conversation toward racism and police brutality, Biden made clear that he does not support defunding the police. It also shows that, despite what Scalise’s video suggests, Barkan never asked, "Do we agree that we can redirect some of the funding for police?" Scalise’s video, which can be viewed via the Internet Archive, spliced two of Barkan’s questions together.  The questions came as Barkan proposed redirecting some police funds to social services. "We can reduce the responsibilities assigned to police and redirect some of the funding for police into social services, mental health counseling, and affordable housing," Barkan said, suggesting that one particular killing might not have happened had a "wellness counselor" showed up at the scene instead of an officer. "Are you open to that kind of reform?" "Yes, I proposed that kind of reform," Biden said, according to the unedited audio. "And by the way, the idea though, that’s not the same as getting rid of or defunding all the police." As Biden continued explaining his proposals for police reform, Barkan interjected: "But do we agree that we can redirect some of the funding?" "Yes. Absolutely," Biden said. "And by the way, not just redirect, condition them. If they don’t eliminate chokeholds, they don’t get Byrne grants. If they don’t do the following, they don’t get any help." Biden described a similar idea for oversight during an interview with CBS News in June. "No, I don’t support defunding the police," he said. "I support conditioning federal aid to police based on whether or not they meet certain basic standards of decency and honorableness and, in fact, are able to demonstrate they can protect the community and everybody in the community." Biden has proposed investing an additional $300 million in the Community Oriented Policing Services Program, or COPS. The program provides police departments with technical and training assistance, hiring grants and access to mental health and wellness resources. Biden has rejected the idea of defunding the police multiple times: in a spokesperson’s statement, in an op-ed, in a number of local and national news interviews, and in a questionnaire from an organization of law enforcement officers. Those in Barkan’s circle shared that takeaway. "Ady Barkan and Vice President Biden agreed on a lot, and disagreed on issues like Medicare for All and defunding the police," said Liz Jaff, the president of Barkan’s Be A Hero political fund, in a statement on Scalise's video that Barkan shared on Twitter. Previously, Jaff told CNN that "though Ady would have loved Joe Biden to announce in this interview that he is in favor of defunding the police, the vice president never said it." Our ruling Scalise shared a video that said Barkan asked Biden, "Do we agree that we can redirect some of the funding for police?" That’s not what Barkan asked. The video spliced together audio from two different questions, taking advantage of the fact that Barkan speaks with computer voice assistance.  Biden has repeatedly said he does not support defunding the police, including during his conversation with Barkan. We rate Scalise’s video Pants on Fire!

National,Criminal Justice,Federal Budget,Steve Scalise

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Lucy McBath

2020-10-09 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“We're starting to reach almost herd immunity in this nation, so we'll be on the downside of this virus very soon."

Clara Hendrickson

2020-08-31 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/31/facebook-posts/no-cdc-did-not-quietly-adjust-us-coronavirus-death/

No, the CDC did not ‘quietly adjust’ US coronavirus deaths

Over the weekend, President Donald Trump shared two posts that falsely claimed COVID-19 deaths are not as high as previously thought.  The posts claimed that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention updated its COVID-19 death numbers to show that only 9,210 Americans have died from the virus. Twitter removed the first tweet for violating its rules. Another post from Jenna Ellis, a senior legal adviser for the Trump campaign, linked to a story from the Gateway Pundit, a conservative news site. That tweet was still up as of publication. The tweets misconstrue federal data on COVID-19 victims. As of Aug. 31, the CDC reported that 182,622 Americans have died since the start of the pandemic — and some estimates put the death toll even higher. The agency told us that the vast majority of deaths involving COVID-19 can be attributed to the virus.  Claims that the CDC adjusted its COVID-19 death numbers appear to have originated on Facebook before making their way to Trump’s Twitter feed, according to VineSight, an organization that uses artificial intelligence to surface potential misinformation. Several posts have been shared thousands of times. (Screenshot from Facebook) "CDC just backpedaled (quietly) and adjusted the US Covid deaths from 153,504 to 9,210," said Amiri King, a social media influencer and CBD salesman, in an Aug. 31 post that shows a screenshot of King’s tweet, which was also deleted. "Admitting that their numbers were so f---ed that they were off by a whopping 94%." The posts were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Posts misconstrue CDC data The social media posts trace back to an Aug. 26 update from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), which is part of the CDC. The report is updated every Wednesday and outlines provisional death counts for COVID-19. In his post, King cited an older version of a data table about deaths from COVID-19 in combination with other conditions, such as pneumonia and influenza. In a section titled "Comorbidities," the NCHS wrote: "For 6% of the deaths, COVID-19 was the only cause mentioned. For deaths with conditions or causes in addition to COVID-19, on average, there were 2.6 additional conditions or causes per death." That data comes from death certificates. King cited an older version of the NCHS report that analyzed 153,504 deaths involving COVID-19. Six percent of that figure is 9,210.  To some readers, the report may appear to confirm his math. But it doesn’t. In medicine, comorbidities are conditions that patients experience in tandem with a primary condition. According to the CDC, people with preexisting conditions like cancer and diabetes are more at risk of death if they contract the coronavirus. The NCHS report shows that the vast majority of coronavirus-related deaths occur in patients with comorbidities. But that doesn’t mean COVID-19 wasn’t a factor. "A small number of people have COVID ascribed as the sole cause of death. It may be they had no comorbidities or they were just not noted," said Dr. Myron Cohen, director of the Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. "However, it is also clear that advanced age and several other underlying diseases lead to bad outcomes with COVID infections. The people dying were not going to die but for the acquisition of COVID."  In a Facebook post addressing claims about the NCHS report, Dr. Mark Halstead, an associate professor of orthopedic surgery and pediatrics at Washington University, broke down how conditions are listed on a patient’s death certificate. RELATED: Don’t trust this comparison of daily coronavirus deaths with other diseases "So, let's say someone was admitted to the hospital because of symptoms of COVID. They test positive, so COVID would be listed," Halstead said in the post. "Their case progressed where they developed respiratory failure and now are on a ventilator. Respiratory failure can be listed." Additional conditions may be listed on a patient’s death certificate during the course of their stay in the hospital. For example, if a COVID-19 patient ended up dying from cardiac arrest, that could also be included. "So now three things are listed on their death certificate," Halstead wrote. "The COVID infection started the process but that led to the heart and lungs failing, which killed that person." Jeff Lancashire, acting associate director for communications at the NCHS, told us in an email that while 94% of death certificates that mention COVID-19 also listed other conditions, the underlying cause of death was COVID-19 in almost all of them. "The underlying cause of death is the condition that began the chain of events that ultimately led to the person’s death," he said. "In 92% of all deaths that mention COVID-19, COVID-19 is listed as the underlying cause of death." We reached out to King for a comment, but we haven’t heard back. Our ruling A Facebook post claimed that the CDC decreased the number of COVID-19 deaths in the U.S. from 153,504 to 9,210. That’s wrong. As of Aug. 31, the CDC counted 182,622 Americans who had died because of the coronavirus. A NCHS report found that, for about 6% of Americans who die from the virus, COVID-19 is the only condition listed on their death certificates. But that doesn’t mean the remaining 94% didn’t die due to the coronavirus. People with preexisting conditions, such as cancer or diabetes, have a higher risk of dying if they contract COVID-19. Complications from those conditions, as well as comorbidities like influenza and pneumonia, can be listed in addition to the coronavirus on death certificates. In 92% of death certificates that mention the virus, COVID-19 was the underlying cause of death, according to the NCHS. The Facebook post is inaccurate and makes a ridiculous claim. We rate it Pants on Fire.

Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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Joe Biden

2020-10-04 00:00:00

an

Michigan has been “like a prison” during the coronavirus.

Chris Nichols

2020-08-31 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/31/robocaller/michigan-election-legal-chiefs-decry-racist-roboca/

Michigan officials decry ‘racist’ robocall with false attacks on mail-in voting

A robocall targeting Detroiters falsely claims that voters who apply for and use absentee ballots are providing personal information that will be used against them. "If you vote by mail, your personal information will be part of a public database that will be used by police departments to track down old warrants and be used by credit card companies to collect outstanding debt. The CDC is even pushing to use records for mail-in voting to track people for mandatory vaccines," the robocall says. None of these claims are true. The top elections and legal officials in Michigan jointly denounced the robocall, labeling it a racist and inaccurate attempt to dissuade the use of mail-in voting. "This is an unconscionable, indefensible, blatant attempt to lie to citizens about their right to vote," Michigan Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson said in a news release. "The call preys on voters’ fear and mistrust of the criminal justice system — at a moment of historic reckoning and confrontation of systemic racism and the generational trauma that results — and twists it into a fabricated threat in order to discourage people from voting." "This is an unfortunate but perfect example of just how low people will go to undermine this election," Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel said in the news release. After Nessel’s office received one complaint last week, the state set up a website for those to report receiving the call and has received approximately 20 reports so far. Authorities learned of the roughly 37-second call after someone who received it alerted radio station WWJ-AM (950). It's the only complaint received so far on this call, according to Nessel's office. The speaker on the robocall identifies herself as working for a civil rights organization founded by Jack Burkman and Jacob Wohl, two right-wing provocateurs who are routinely accused of peddling misinformation. However, Nessel said the state is still working to confirm who recorded and orchestrated the distribution of the robocall. "This robocall is fraught with scare tactics designed to intimidate Black voters — and we are already working hard to find the bad actors behind this effort," said Nessel. Michigan’s voter registration application asks individuals to provide some basic personal information. Applicants must share their driver’s license or Michigan-issued state ID card number, the last four digits of their Social Security number or an alternate form of identification unless they are hand-delivering their application to their clerk’s office, disabled or eligible to vote overseas. This is required by federal law. Applicants must also share their first and last name, date of birth and address. In Michigan, any registered voter can request an absentee ballot, which requires completing a form noting basic information voters would have already shared when they registered to vote. But the robocall falsely suggests otherwise, warning Detroiters that voting absentee means "giving your private information to the man." The call also falsely claims that when voters submit an absentee ballot, their personal information will become part of a public database. Voter registration records are available to the public and show a voter’s name, address and birth year. All other information, including the identification number used by the voter, month and day of birth, and phone number or email address if the voter included it are not publicly available. These details can only be accessed by the Michigan Secretary of State’s office as well as local election officials and workers. This is not information police departments, credit card companies or the Centers for Disease Control can access. It's a felony under Michigan law to deter or otherwise disrupt a person trying to vote, according to Nessel's office. Someone convicted of this offense could face a $1,000 fine and up to five years in prison. More than 1.6 million people successfully cast absentee ballots in the state's Aug. 4 primary election. In Michigan, mail-in voting and absentee voting are the same thing, and the method is a secure way to participate in the electoral process, Benson and other elections experts say. But President Donald Trump and other Republicans continue to repeat false claims about mail-in voting, arguing the process may lead to a rigged or corrupt election. Experts say vote-by-mail does not give an advantage to either political party and election fraud in any form is incredibly rare. This fall, more than 3 million Michigan voters — about 38% of registered voters in the state — are expected to mail in their ballots as the presidency is up for grabs and the pandemic rages on.  Our ruling The robocall claims the personal information of those who vote by mail will be included in a public database that will be used by police departments to track down old warrants, credit card companies to collect debt and the CDC to administer mandatory vaccines. There is absolutely no truth to the claims. While the robocall says that the personal information of those who vote by mail will be exposed, there is no information mail-in voting makes public that isn’t already included in public voting records. Voting by mail does not require voters to share personal information beyond basic identifying information already required when voters registered with the state, and this information is used only for the purposes of administering elections. We rate the call’s claims Pants on Fire.

Elections,Michigan,Robocaller

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Nicole Galloway

a debate:

Says Ady Barkan asked Joe Biden, “Do we agree that we can redirect some of the funding for police?”

Bill McCarthy

2020-08-31 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/31/facebook-posts/no-photo-does-not-show-kyle-rittenhouses-mother-ni/

No, photo does not show Kyle Rittenhouse’s mother on the night protesters were shot

Nearly a week after 17-year-old Kyle Rittenhouse arrived in Kenosha from Antioch, Illinois, and — according to criminal charges — shot and killed two people during a night of protests and chaos in the city, a photo is circulating on social media purporting to describe how he got there.  Rittenhouse was recorded on video that night carrying a rifle and saying it was his job to protect life and property. It was the third night of unrest after a Kenosha police officer shot Jacob Blake, a 29-year-old Black man, seven times in the back at close range. Rittenhouse has been charged with homicide and remains in Illinois awaiting further legal proceedings. On Aug. 28, 2020, Facebook user Doug McLean shared a photo and connected it to the night of the deadly shooting. It has since drawn more than 800 shares and, in its various iterations, scores of comments.  In the picture, a white woman is shown wearing fatigues with a long gun strapped to her chest. "How did Kyle Rittenhouse cross state lines to Wisconsin? His mom, pictured below drove him. #KyleRittenhouse’s mom Wendy, photographed on same night her son killed two people and shot another," McLean wrote.  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) A release from Rittenhouse’s attorneys on Aug. 28, 2020 disputes this. That release says Rittenhouse had stayed in Kenosha for the night after finishing work as a community lifeguard. But there’s a bigger problem with the photo that was shared: It’s not even from the same day. Or the same city. Let’s dig in.  Photo is from a related protest in Madison a few days earlier  The woman with the long gun actually appears in a photo in a separate city, on a different day. The image was cropped in the Facebook post in question to focus on her. Facebook user Miki Pope shared the original photo, in which the woman stands with a group of other similarly armed people outside the Wisconsin state Capitol in Madison, where protests also occurred after Blake was shot by police.  "Last night (Aug 24) in Madison, these counter-protesters showed up with long guns," Pope wrote in the early morning hours of Aug. 26, 2020.  Pope’s post references the violence Rittenhouse is charged with in Kenosha, but does not in any way tie him to the people in the photo aside from decrying the actions of such militia members that have been showing up at various protests.  "I'm afraid this won't be the last shooting, as armed white supremacists are becoming more and more public about their hatred for Black lives and the Black Lives Matter protests," Pope wrote.  It’s unknown whether Rittenhouse’s mother had any involvement in bringing her son to Kenosha that day — but the photo does not depict anyone who was there.  And, as noted, Rittenhouse’s attorney says the teen was in Kenosha already and stayed there into the night hours. Our ruling  A Facebook user claimed that a photo of a white woman with a gun was the mother of Kyle Rittenhouse.  But the photo is not from that protest. It’s cropped from a larger image of a handful of people with guns standing outside the state capitol in Madison two days earlier. We rate the claim False. 

Legal Issues,Guns,Wisconsin,Facebook posts

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Vicky Hartzler

2020-10-22 00:00:00

a video:

Says Joe Biden was asleep and snoring during a TV interview.

Miriam Valverde

2020-08-31 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/31/greg-abbott/examining-claim-about-austin-homicides-crimes/

Examining claim about Austin homicides, crimes

In an effort to dissuade local governments in Texas from cutting police funding, state leaders have pledged to pursue legislation next year that would freeze property tax revenue for any city or county that cuts its law enforcement budget. The move came as the Austin City Council approved its $4.2 billion budget for the upcoming fiscal year, which included plans for $21.5 million in immediate cuts to the city’s police budget and plans to shift to other city departments another $128 million in spending on civilian functions currently overseen by police. During an Aug. 18 press conference announcing the property tax proposal, Gov. Greg Abbott warned that now, more than ever, is a dangerous time for the city to cut its police budget. "A new study showed that Austin, Texas, is the No. 1 city in America in the year-to-year percentage increase in murders, with a percentage increase of more than 64% for the first half of this year," Abbott said. "Austin also has a year-to-year increase in the percent rate of aggravated robberies, increasing by 14%, and robberies increasing by 16%. When crime is on the rise, the last thing that we should do is to defund law enforcement." Abbott’s comments on the percentage increase in homicides caught the most attention and drew pushback from some city leaders who said the statistic lacks important context. Namely, that the number of homicides in Austin is much lower than in other cities, which means any change will result in a large percent increase compared with earlier years. Abbott’s figures came from a Wall Street Journal article examining homicides in major cities during the coronavirus pandemic. The report found "a sharp rise in homicides" in 36 of the 50 biggest cities in the country, including in Austin. His statement reflected the numbers included in the report for Austin, but they lack important context about crime and homicides in the city. "Assessing, even generally, the safety of a city just using crime statistics, they don’t tell you a lot of the story," said Carsten Andresen, an assistant professor of criminal justice at St. Edward's University. "They don’t capture who goes in and out of a city, which parts of a city are safe." Wall Street Journal data The Wall Street Journal analysis looked at data from police departments in each of the 15 largest cities in the country and compared the number of homicides recorded for the first six months of 2020 with the number of homicides recorded over the same period last year. The information was shared in a graph that accompanied the article. The analysis found that, of those cities, Austin recorded the largest percentage change in total homicides, with a 64.3% increase from the first half of 2019. By the end of June, the city had recorded 23 homicides, up from 14 at the same time last year. For comparison, six months into 2018 there were 18 homicides, in 2017 there were 13 and in 2016 there were 12. Chicago reportedly had the second largest percentage change in total murders, with an increase of 52.5%. By the end of June, the city had 433 homicides. Of those 15 cities, Austin had the second lowest count of homicides during the first six months of the year. Context behind Austin’s numbers The numbers included in the Wall Street Journal article are reflected in the June 2020 edition of Austin Police Chief Brian Manley’s monthly reports, which are published online. But the numbers alone don’t tell the whole story. Lt. Jeff Greenwalt, who heads the Austin Police Department’s Homicide and Aggravated Assault unit, said "the percentage you see is a little more alarming than the actual numbers." "I think there is an underlying story to the snappy headline," Greenwalt said. "While there is an increase, it is only a handful more because we have low numbers in the first place. The real statistic is going to be at the end of the year, where we compare to years past." Even then, Andresen said using percentage change in this instance won’t accurately represent the situation at hand. "First of all, homicide is such a small number," he said. "You’re going to have huge percentage changes. I’ve always been told: don’t use percentages for numbers that are under 50. If you’re looking at 30 or 45, don’t use a percentage difference because the percentage changes are so big." Homicides in particular are tricky to analyze over an extended period of time, as they tend to be isolated incidents and some months may see more than others. In order to speak to changes in the number of murders within a city, using six months of data is not enough, according to Michelle Richter, an associate professor of criminology at St. Edward’s University. "You should be looking at at least five years’ worth of data," she said, noting that this kind of analysis should also account for changes in population size. "I would not be alarmed by (that percentage), and this is the reason why: Austin has, for the most part in terms of long-term trends and patterns, one of the lowest violent crime rates," she said. "You have to look at bigger data." From 2014 to 2018 (complete 2019 data has not been produced), the number of murders in Austin fluctuated: ∙2018: 32 murders, or 3.3 murders per 100,000 residents ∙2017: 25 murders, or 2.6 murders per 100,000 residents ∙2016: 39 murders, or 4.1 per 100,000 residents ∙2015: 23 murders, or 2.5 per 100,000 residents ∙2014: 32 murders, or 3.5 per 100,000 residents Andresen said an analysis of month-to-month or year-to-year changes, should be focused on "missed opportunities to be able to reduce those homicides in the future." Greenwalt said his unit is working to investigate any identifiable trends or "anything unusual going on" in murders this year, but so far they have the same underlying causes the department experiences in other years. "Most of the time, our homicides involve drugs and robberies," he said. "Every once in a while we see family violence or an acquaintance." He also noted that the department has nearly a "100% solve rate" on homicides this year. "What he’s saying in and of itself is accurate, however there is just a lot more to the story," Greenwalt said of Abbott’s remark. Our ruling Abbott said crime is on the rise in Austin, which is "the No. 1 city in America in the year-to-year percentage increase in murders, with a percentage increase of more than 64% for the first half of this year." Abbott’s figures are from a Wall Street Journal analysis of homicides in cities across the country, and they are reflected in reports from the Austin Police Department. But the issue is the conclusion he is drawing from these figures. Experts said crime data of this scale (changes in small numbers over a short time period) does not accurately reflect a crime trend or the safety of a specific area. They also said focusing on the percentage change in discussions of shifts in smaller values can overstate increases or decreases over time. Abbott’s statement is accurate, but leaves out important details and needs more context. We rate it Half True.

Crime,Texas,Greg Abbott

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Donald Trump

2020-08-30 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

The CDC “adjusted the US Covid deaths from 153,504 to 9,210.”

Daniel Funke

2020-08-31 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/08/ron-johnson/johnson-mostly-track-claim-flu-harder-kids-covid-1/

Johnson is mostly on track with claim that flu is harder on kids than COVID-19

As schools across the country open for the uncertain, unprecedented school year to come, opinions are split on how to do so safely.  Some districts have opted for completely virtual learning. Others will try a mix of both online and in-person classes, or will send younger children to school while older kids stay home, or will phase students back to the classroom gradually.  Others still are calling for schools to reopen completely for those who feel well enough to teach and attend, and who aren’t especially vulnerable to COVID-19.   One such voice is U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wisconsin, who in an Aug. 13, 2020 radio interview with Milwaukee talk show host Steve Scaffidi on WTMJ-AM discussed why he believes students need to return to school in person this fall.  For younger people, Johnson asserted, "seasonal flu is actually, in many cases, a deadlier virus if they contract that."  Is Johnson correct that COVID-19 is less deadly for children than the flu?  Let’s dig in.  COVID was less harsh on kids than the flu, this year’s stats show To back up his claim, Johnson’s office sent statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on flu and COVID-19 deaths among Americans under age 18. During the 2018-19 flu season, the CDC reported approximately 480 flu deaths among children ages 0-17, about 30% of whom had a lab-confirmed case of influenza. Comparably, 90 American youth have died from coronavirus complications from the beginning of the pandemic through mid-August, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics.  More than 46,000 children were hospitalized for flu in that 2018-19 period. The hospitalization rate among children 5 to 17 was 39.2 children per 100,000 children. For COVID-19, that hospitalization rate is 6 per 100,000 children ages 5 to 17, the CDC says. In a report detailing the differences between COVID-19 and the flu, the CDC states that "the risk of complications for healthy children is higher for flu compared to COVID-19." And data from Wisconsin echoes that sentiment. Since the pandemic began, no children have died from COVID-19 complications, according to state Department of Health Services death data, and 147 people ages 0-19 have been hospitalized. In contrast, three pediatric flu deaths occurred during this year’s flu season, DHS data show, and 605 kids ages 17 and under have been hospitalized.  What those statistics might not account for   The data show there have been fewer childhood deaths from COVID-19 so far this year than from the seasonal flu.  The hold-up, of course, lies in nuance, said Dr. Jon Temte, associate dean for public health and community engagement within UW-Madison’s School of Medicine and Public Health.  "U.S. schools have been out (and) mostly closed since March, thus extremely limiting cases of SARS-CoV-2 in children. Conversely, we rarely close schools for influenza, thus allowing an attack rate of 30-40% in school-aged children," Temte wrote in an Aug. 27, 2020 email to PolitiFact Wisconsin.  That is, the flu has been able to spread through children more commonly than COVID-19, creating more cases, more complications and more deaths.  Other experts agree. Dr. Chad Vercio, chair of pediatrics at Riverside University Health System in California, said children’s risk from the coronavirus depends on how widespread the virus is in any given area, and that "it is unknown" if COVID hospitalization rates would rise once schools reopen. And though the early data suggests that COVID-19 is not as bad for children as the flu, it’s just that: Early.  Dr. Vidya Mony, an infectious disease expert with Santa Clara Valley Medical Center in San Jose, Calif., said there isn’t enough data yet to say indisputably that COVID risks are lower for kids. Our ruling  Johnson claimed that in many cases, the seasonal flu was a deadlier virus for youth than COVID-19.  The numbers show that this year, that was the case. More children died from flu complications than from COVID-19, and were hospitalized at higher rates for the flu.  But experts caution that we don’t have enough data to paint the full picture so early in the game, and that schools shutting down in early spring may have driven down coronavirus case rates in children — meaning we can’t be sure exactly how the virus will move through young people when more of them are potentially getting exposed.  Our definition for Mostly True is "the statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information."  That fits here.   

Children,Public Health,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Ron Johnson

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Steve Scalise

2020-08-31 00:00:00

images:

“If you vote by mail, your personal information will be part of a public database that will be used by police departments to track down old warrants and be used by credit card companies to collect outstanding debt. The CDC is even pushing to use records for mail-in voting to track people for mandatory vaccines.”

Dave Boucher

2020-09-08 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/08/facebook-posts/no-sen-kamala-harris-hasnt-been-convicted-felony/

No, Sen. Kamala Harris hasn’t been convicted of a felony

Misinformation about Democratic vice presidential nominee Sen. Kamala Harris has flourished online since Joe Biden selected her as running mate. One popular theme is the false claim that Harris does not meet eligibility requirements. Here’s a new variation on that theme:  "Kamala Harris is not able to be VP. Because she's a felon. She lied on her application to buy a gun here in CA," reads a Sept. 1 post that was shared thousands of times. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) "Is this true?" one Facebook user wrote in the post’s comments. No, reader, it is not true. There is no evidence Harris has ever been convicted of a felony. We searched news archives and court records and found nothing of that sort.  PolitiFact reached out to the Facebook user for evidence to support the claim, but he did not respond. The post was made private or deleted soon after. Harris, a former California attorney general who has a reputation for having been a tough-on-crime prosecutor, has been a member of the State Bar of California since June 1990, and her law license is still active. The State Bar of California website displays Harris’ license history, including "all changes of license status due to both non-disciplinary administrative matters and disciplinary actions."  If she had been charged with a crime or convicted, the state bar would have been notified. If she had been convicted of a felony, she would have been "placed on interim suspension pending a disciplinary hearing on the merits in State Bar Court," according to the state bar website. Harris has no disciplinary record and her license has not been suspended. In 2019, a spokesperson for Harris' presidential campaign confirmed that Harris owned a handgun that she had purchased years earlier. Since at least 2012, people seeking to buy a gun in California have faced a 10-day waiting period and background check to ensure the buyer is eligible to own one under California law. A person convicted of a felony cannot buy one. While Harris was attorney general, her office released the 2013 California Firearms Laws Summary, which explained that gun buyers are required to provide personal information to the seller and wait 10 days while a background check is completed. We find no evidence Harris violated these requirements, but we also were unable to verify where her gun was purchased. The Harris campaign declined to comment for this fact-check. All that said, even if Harris had been convicted of a felony at some point, this would not prevent her from becoming vice president or assuming the presidency. The requirements are the same for people seeking to become vice president or president, according to experts: A person must be a natural-born citizen, be at least 35 years old and have lived in the U.S. for at least 14 years.  Harris meets these requirements and is eligible to be president or vice president. We rate this claim Pants on Fire!

National,Candidate Biography,Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,California,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-08-27 00:00:00

Facebook post:

Says crime is on the rise in Austin and a new study showed that it “is the No. 1 city in America in the year-to-year percentage increase in murders, with a percentage increase of more than 64% for the first half of this year.”

Madlin Mekelburg

2020-09-06 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/06/darin-lahood/no-usps-isnt-operating-multibillion-dollar-surplus/

No, USPS isn’t operating with a multibillion dollar surplus

Twenty-six House Republicans joined Democrats last month in supporting legislation to send $25 billion to the U.S. Postal Service and to block any changes to postal operations until after the election. The list included two of Illinois’ five GOP congressmen. U.S. Rep. Darin LaHood, however, was not one of them. Asked during a TV appearance to explain why he voted against the measure, LaHood questioned the need for that financial support. "The post office right now, this year, is operating with about a $12 billion surplus," he said on WTTW’s "Chicago Tonight" Aug. 24 broadcast. "The money isn’t necessary to get us through the election. That’s been a political football." His assertions come as the Trump administration is taking heat for removing hundreds of sorting machines and yanking mailboxes in the walk up to an election that will rely on the postal service more than any other election in the country's history. USPS says it has "ample capacity" to handle an influx of mail-in ballots this fall. But the agency’s shaky financial footing is a well-known and longstanding problem: USPS hasn’t recorded a profit in any year since 2006 and saw a net loss of $2.2 billion in the most recent fiscal quarter. So we decided to find out what LaHood was talking about when he said the agency was running a surplus. "He was referring to the fact that the USPS had almost $13 billion cash on hand, as of June 30th," LaHood spokesman John Rauber wrote in an email, echoing a point made in the White House’s statement of administration policy opposing the bill. That figure is backed up by USPS’ latest quarterly report. Cash on hand — or unrestricted cash, as the agency calls it — is not a surplus by any definition, according to experts. Instead, it refers to the amount of money the agency has in the bank at a given time. The USPS reports its net income — also known as a profit — or net loss at the end of each fiscal period, in accordance with accepted accounting standards. Referring to cash on hand as a surplus "doesn’t make sense," said David Wessel, director of the Hutchins Center on Fiscal and Monetary Policy at the Brookings Institution. "The word ‘surplus’ suggests that the Postal Service’s revenues exceed its expenses," he said. "They don’t. The Postal Service has been operating at a loss — certified by independent accountants and reported to the Securities and Exchange Commission — since 2007." In the last fiscal year, USPS brought in just over $71 billion in revenue. But it also shelled out nearly $80 billion to pay its carriers and cover expenses, including retiree benefits. A 2006 law made the agency responsible for prefunding future retiree health benefits, placing additional strain on its bottom line, which has also suffered over the years from declines in first-class and marketing mail. The postal service has run at a loss ever since. "It's not even breaking even on its annual expenses and its annual income," said G. William Hoagland, a senior vice president at the Bipartisan Policy Center and former Republican staff director for the Senate Budget Committee. "I don't know how anybody could say they have a surplus." Our ruling LaHood said, "the post office right now, this year, is operating with about a $12 billion surplus." His spokesman told us he was referencing the nearly $13 billion "cash on hand" the agency reported at the end of June. But cash on hand is not a surplus, experts said. The agency has reported a net loss in every year since 2007, the year after Congress required it to more robustly fund its retirement health benefit system. We rate LaHood’s claim Pants on Fire! PANTS ON FIRE – The statement is not accurate and makes a ridiculous claim. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.

Federal Budget,Illinois,Darin LaHood

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Robocaller

2020-08-28 00:00:00

a press conference:

Says “Kamala Harris is not able to be VP. Because she's a felon. She lied on her application to buy a gun here in CA.”

Madison Czopek

2020-09-04 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/04/joe-biden/making-point-overlooked-black-history-biden-misses/

Making point on overlooked Black history, Biden misses mark on the inventor of the light bulb

Race was a key issue in Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden’s first campaign stop in Wisconsin on Sept. 3, 2020. He spoke with Jacob Blake, a 29-year-old Black man whose shooting at the hands of a Kenosha police officer sparked a week of sometimes violent protests. And he participated in a community meeting at a Kenosha church where many speakers addressed challenges and inequities faced by people of color. It was there Biden made one particularly eyebrow-raising claim, accusing schools of teaching inaccurate history. "Why in God’s name don’t we teach history in history classes?" said a facemask-wearing Biden, leaning in toward one attendee to emphasize his point. "A Black man invented the light bulb, not a white guy named Edison, OK?" Biden went on to say, "There’s so much, did anybody know before what recently happened, that Black Wall Street in Oklahoma was burned to the ground? Anybody know these things? … We don’t teach them. We’ve got to give people facts." Thomas Edison, of course, is widely acknowledged as the inventor of the lightbulb — among many other things. Is Biden right that someone else should get the credit? The origin of the incandescent lightbulb The road to the modern incandescent bulb was a meandering one, with many inventors contributing over a period of decades. Electric power was developed in the early 19th Century, and inventors immediately set about applying this development to lighting. Many early attempts focused on arc lighting, in which a bright light is created by electricity sparking between two points, according to Encyclopedia Britannica. When arc lighting was too bright and required too much power, prompting a pivot to an incandescent solution.  Among the key early developments, according to Britannica and other sources: 1801 — English chemist Sir Humphry Davy demonstrated strips heated by electricity would glow, but his filaments didn’t last long. 1841 — Frederick de Moleyns of England received the first patent for an incandescent lamp, using powdered charcoal between two platinum wires. 1865 — The mercury pump is developed, allowing the glowing filament to be placed in a vacuum, which made it glow longer. 1878 — English physicist Sir Joseph Wilson Swan developed a carbon-filament bulb. 1879 — Thomas Edison developed his carbon-filament bulb, enclosed in a superior vacuum to extend the life of the filament. Swan and Edison both applied for patents in 1880, prompting litigation that dragged on until the two formed a joint company in 1883. "Edison has always received the major credit for inventing the lightbulb, because of his development of the power lines and other equipment needed to establish the incandescent lamp in a practical lighting system," the Britannica entry said. A profile of Edison in Time Magazine in 1979 summarized Edison’s role this way: "Above all, Edison invented the first practical electric light, and a power-distribution system that put it cheaply into every home." We should note, all of the inventors referenced here were white. So who is Biden referring to? The role of Lewis Latimer A spokesman said Biden was referencing Lewis Latimer, a prolific inventor who worked with both Edison and Alexander Graham Bell (credited with inventing the telephone). Latimer did indeed play a key role in the spread of electric lighting. He was a member of the elite "Edison’s Pioneers" research team and wrote the first book in the United States on electric lighting in 1890, according to a biography on the MIT website. Latimer also oversaw electric lighting installation in the streets and buildings of New York, Philadelphia, London and other cities, according to a 1988 New York Times story. Most notably for the question at hand, Latimer developed a filament that lasted longer than those developed by Edison and others, making the widespread use of electric lighting more feasible. He received a patent in September 1881 for "new and useful improvements in incandescent electric lamps." That was a year and a half after Edison received an electric lamp patent in January 1880. Biden’s general point in referencing Latimer and Black Wall Street — a Tulsa, OK. neighborhood where up to 300 people are believed to have died in race riots in 1921 — is a lack of education on Black history in America. But his specific claim in making that point overreaches. Our ruling Speaking in Kenosha, Biden said, "A Black man invented the light bulb, not a white guy named Edison." The Black man referenced here, Latimer, did indeed play an important role in the development and adaptation of the incandescent light bulb. So did many other inventors in the decades preceding Edison’s patent.  Edison certainly wasn’t the sole inventor. He built on the work of others. While Biden may have a point about the need to better teach Black history, he greatly exaggerates in his example by minimizing Edison to credit only Latimer. All the evidence we’ve reviewed shows Latimer played a lesser role than Edison, and later in the process. We define Mostly False as a statement that contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression. That fits here. 

Science,Wisconsin,Joe Biden

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Facebook posts

2020-08-18 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“South Korea sprays rioters with dye so they can be identified & arrested later.”

Noah Y. Kim

2020-09-04 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/04/blog-posting/website-exaggerates-old-news-report-state-departme/

No, NBC News did not report Hillary Clinton 'covered up elite pedophile ring'

A misleading story has resurfaced online that claims NBC News reported that Hillary Clinton covered up an "elite pedophile ring" at the State Department during her tenure as secretary of state. The story, which was published in 2017 by a website called Collective Evolution, is recirculating on Facebook. Its headline reads: "NBC News Report: Hillary Clinton ‘Covered Up’ Elite Pedophile Ring At State Department." This is a misrepresentation of NBC’s story, which aired in 2013 and reported on allegations that some top State Department officials intervened in internal investigations involving sexual misconduct.  The NBC story noted that one of those investigations involved a pedophilia allegation, but at no point did it say Clinton was the one who stopped investigations, or that she covered up an "elite pedophile ring." The Collective Evolution article was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  NBC’s story aired on the "Today" show in June 2013 and was based on leaked memos about internal investigations of alleged misconduct by State Department employees and an ambassador. The story said that an internal memo alleged that these investigations were quashed by high-ranking officials during Clinton’s tenure as secretary of state. The report cited leaked documents that indicated the ambassador was under investigation for routinely ditching his security detail "to solicit sexual favors from both prostitutes and minor children," and that a high-ranking official at the department directed investigators to "cease the investigation."  The State Department’s Office of the Inspector General looked into whether the department’s Bureau of Diplomatic Security mishandled the investigation into the ambassador, along with seven others. The inspector general’s review was released in October 2014 and found that, in three of the cases, a combination of factors created "an appearance of undue influence and favoritism by Department management." This included the case of the ambassador, who was later identified as Howard Gutman, the former U.S. ambassador to Belgium. "I am angered and saddened by the baseless allegations that have appeared in the press, and to watch the four years I have proudly served in Belgium smeared is devastating," Gutman said in a statement to news outlets. "At no point have I ever engaged in any improper activity." The inspector general’s review said Gutman denied the allegations during a meeting with two officials and was then permitted to return to work. The review found that the suspected misconduct by Gutman was not substantiated, but noted that further evidence could have been collected, and recommended the department establish "clear and consistent protocols and procedures" in the future.  Our ruling A story recirculating online claims that NBC reported that Hillary Clinton covered up an "elite pedophile ring" at the state department. That’s inaccurate. NBC news reported in 2013 about leaked memos that claimed some internal investigations at the State Department were mishandled, one of which included an allegation of pedophilia. An inspector general’s report found that department officials could have taken further steps to thoroughly investigate multiple cases, but noted the allegations made against an ambassador were ultimately unsubstantiated.  At no point in NBC’s report, or in the inspector general’s review, does it say that Clinton was the one who stopped investigations, or that she "covered up" an "elite pedophile ring."  We rate this False.

Crime,Facebook Fact-checks,Bloggers

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John James

2020-08-29 00:00:00

a TV

“A Black man invented the light bulb, not a white guy named Edison.”

Eric Litke

2020-09-04 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/04/donald-trump/yes-donald-trump-did-call-john-mccain-loser/

Yes, Donald Trump did call John McCain a ‘loser’

An article in the Atlantic about President Donald Trump’s private remarks about service members and veterans took social media by storm the moment it was published on Sept. 3. Trump aggressively pushed back, rejecting the article’s conclusion that he had, on multiple occasions, disparaged those serving in the military, particularly service members who had been wounded or killed. One of the claims in the article, which is based on anonymous sources, was about Trump’s private remarks about the late Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz. Trump and the 2008 Republican presidential nominee often tangled, including over McCain’s pivotal vote against a bill that would have overturned much of the Affordable Care Act. The article by Atlantic editor Jeffrey Goldberg reads: "Trump remained fixated on McCain, one of the few prominent Republicans to continue criticizing him after he won the nomination. When McCain died, in August 2018, Trump told his senior staff, according to three sources with direct knowledge of this event, ‘We’re not going to support that loser’s funeral,’ and he became furious, according to witnesses, when he saw flags lowered to half-staff. ‘What the f--- are we doing that for? Guy was a f---ing loser,’ the president told aides." After the article was published, Trump took to Twitter to reject its reporting, including what he said about McCain. Over three linked tweets, Trump wrote,  "I was never a big fan of John McCain, disagreed with him on many things including ridiculous endless wars and the lack of success he had in dealing with the VA and our great Vets, but the lowering of our Nations American Flags, and the first class funeral he was given by our Country, had to be approved by me, as President, & I did so without hesitation or complaint. Quite the contrary, I felt it was well deserved. I even sent Air Force One to bring his body, in casket, from Arizona to Washington. It was my honor to do so. Also, I never called John a loser and swear on whatever, or whoever, I was asked to swear on, that I never called our great fallen soldiers anything other than HEROES. This is more made up Fake News given by disgusting & jealous failures in a disgraceful attempt to influence the 2020 Election!" ....John a loser and swear on whatever, or whoever, I was asked to swear on, that I never called our great fallen soldiers anything other than HEROES. This is more made up Fake News given by disgusting & jealous failures in a disgraceful attempt to influence the 2020 Election!— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) September 4, 2020 Here, we’ll focus on Trump’s assertion that he "never called (McCain) a loser." The reality is that Trump did say that about McCain in a widely noted public event in 2015.  The event in question was a family leadership summit in Ames, Iowa, on July 18, 2015. Here’s the full video, with the remarks in question coming at about the 5:10 mark. After Trump recalled McCain saying something that Trump considered an insult to him and his supporters, "I said, 'Somebody should run against McCain,' who has been, in my opinion, not so hot. And I supported him for president! I raised a million dollars for him. That's a lot of money! I supported him. He lost. He let us down. But he lost. So I never liked him much after that, because I don't like losers." Amid audience laughter, the moderator, Republican pollster Frank Luntz, then interjected, "But he's a war hero!" Trump responded, "He’s not a war hero. He’s a war hero because he was captured. I like people that weren’t captured." Later that day, Trump retweeted, with seeming approval, a web post headlined "Donald Trump: John McCain Is ‘A Loser,’" that recapped his exchange at the summit. Via @fitsnews: “Donald Trump: John McCain Is ‘A Loser’” http://t.co/sgiETvdUqi— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) July 18, 2015 Neither the White House nor Trump’s campaign responded to an inquiry for this article. Our ruling Trump tweeted, "I never called John (McCain) a loser." That’s false. He called McCain a loser at a televised event in 2015 and then, later that day, tweeted out a web post recapping the event. We rate the statement Pants on Fire!

Candidate Biography,Military,Donald Trump

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Facebook posts

2020-09-03 00:00:00

a story:

“Kamala Harris wants the riots to continue and not let up, not now not even after the election.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-09-04 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/04/joe-biden/joe-biden-says-donald-trumps-plan-get-rid-payroll-/

Fact-checking Joe Biden's claim that Donald Trump’s payroll tax 'plan' sinks Social Security

A new Joe Biden ad paints a bleak picture for Social Security under President Donald Trump. Here’s the full text from the ad: "The chief actuary of the Social Security Administration just released an analysis of Trump's planned cuts to Social Security. Under Trump's plan, Social Security would become permanently depleted by the middle of calendar year 2023. If Trump gets his way, Social Security benefits will run out in just three years from now. Don't let it happen. Joe Biden will protect Social Security." The key claim is "if Trump gets his way, Social Security benefits will run out in just three years." Biden is going further than what Trump has described. The tricky part is knowing what Trump wants to do. He has said two things that are at odds: he wants to protect Social Security, and he would do away with the payroll tax that keeps Social Security going. Trump’s "way," as of now, is for Congress to fill in the gap so that Social Security remains funded. But there is no clear plan. To dissect this ad, let’s start with what Social Security’s chief actuary said about a "hypothetical" plan. A letter to Senate Democrats Sens. Chris Van Hollen, D-Md., Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., and Ron Wyden, D-Ore., asked the Social Security Administration what would happen if on Jan.1, 2021, the payroll tax went to zero with no other changes in the law.  The Social Security portion of the tax is 12.4% of payroll, split equally between workers and employers, or paid fully by the self-employed. The money goes into the program’s Old Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund. Nixing it would put a hole in the 2021 Social Security budget of $1.03 trillion, chief actuary Stephen Goss said in his letter to the senators. That would be over 90% of the program’s revenues.  But the program would continue to pay benefits, drawing down its trust fund. "We estimate that Old Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund reserves would become permanently depleted by the middle of calendar year 2023," Goss wrote. Goss said that without any change in the law, the program’s hands would be tied. Congress sets benefits, the Social Security Administration must pay them, and it can’t borrow to cover a shortfall. "Under this hypothetical legislation, benefit obligations could not be met after the depletion of the asset reserves and elimination of payroll taxes," he wrote. In his letter, Goss used the term "hypothetical legislation" nine times. And he noted that "I am not aware that anyone has proposed the hypothetical legislation you describe." So, there is no plan. But Trump has targeted the payroll tax without a clear path to replacing it. Bold promises and mixed messages The challenge of understanding Trump’s words on the payroll tax is that, aside from the temporary deferral of taxes, they are untethered to a clear plan.  For the most part, there’s been a pattern of Trump saying he would end the payroll tax and his top advisors saying he didn’t mean it. It started Aug. 8 when Trump unveiled a four-month payroll tax holiday that would last from September through December, an effort to provide financial relief during the coronavirus pandemic. "If I win, I may extend and terminate," Trump said. "In other words, I’ll extend it beyond the end of the year and terminate the tax." Since the tax holiday covered only the worker portion of 6.2%, Trump’s words could have meant either ending the entire tax, or just the worker’s portion. The next day, White House economic chief Larry Kudlow told CNN Trump’s plan was limited to forgiving the four months of deferred tax dollars. The one clear policy was that the administration wanted Congress to backfill the lost revenues from the tax holiday — currently estimated at about $80 billion — with money from general revenues. But Trump went on to repeat that he planned to "terminate the tax" beyond December in press briefings on Aug. 10 and Aug. 12. Pressed to explain how he would pay for Social Security without the payroll tax, Trump was vague. Trump: "We’re taking it out of the General Fund. And what we’ll do —" Reporter: "But that would incur huge deficits." Trump: "Yeah, what we’ll be doing is, if we do that, we’ll get it approved, in that case, by Congress. And we’ll take the money from other places, other than — we will not take it from Social Security in any way shape or form." Reporter: "How do you fund it from the General Fund, when the General Fund just incurred a debt of $2.8 trillion?"  Trump: "You’re right, but we’re going to have tremendous growth." When Fox News asked him about his plan Aug. 23, Trump said, "It will have no impact on Social Security. We're taking it out of the general fund. It comes out of the general fund. If anything happens, we would replace it immediately." In his acceptance speech, Trump never mentioned the payroll tax and referred to Social Security one time, saying, "We will protect Medicare and Social Security." The Trump campaign said that there is no plan to eliminate the payroll tax, and, with Trump’s commitment to preserving Social Security through general revenues, the program’s trust fund would not run out of money. Our ruling The Biden ad said, "If Trump gets his way, Social Security benefits will run out in just three years from now." The Social Security chief actuary did say that if the Social Security portion of the payroll tax were eliminated, the program would run out of money in three years. Absent any response by Congress, the program would be unable to pay benefits. But the chief actuary also said he was unaware that anyone planned to end the payroll tax. The Trump campaign says there is no plan to do so. Trump has said he wants to terminate the tax. That would put the program under great financial stress. But Trump said he would look to Congress to maintain the program and draw on general revenues — potentially in excess of $1 trillion a year — to replenish any lost funds.  Overall, Trump’s comments suggest he wants a fully funded Social Security program, but he doesn’t want the taxes that pay for it. This is contradictory, but it doesn’t mean he wants Social Security to run out of money in three years.  We rate the claim Mostly False.

National,Social Security,Joe Biden

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Darin LaHood

2017-03-31 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

"I never called John (McCain) a loser."

Louis Jacobson

2020-09-04 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/04/doug-collins/despite-collins-claim-loeffler-has-donated-much-mo/

Despite Collins’ claim, Loeffler has donated much more to Republicans than Dems

In a special Senate election that features two prominent Georgia Republicans, Rep. Doug Collins claimed in a tweet that Sen. Kelly Loeffler has a "long history of donating to abortion-on-demand Democrats." Collins has a point. Over a period of years, Loeffler has made campaign contributions to Democrats who support abortion rights.  But the vast majority of her campaign cash has been given to Republicans, and she has been endorsed by major anti-abortion groups. Their race is one of 18 pivotal House and Senate contests up for election on Nov. 3 that PolitiFact is tracking.  The special election — open to candidates from all parties, including the Rev. Raphael Warnock, the leading Democratic candidate — is being held to fill the seat held by Republican Sen. Johnny Isakson, who resigned in December with health problems. Loeffler was appointed to the seat on an interim basis.  Georgia is unique in this cycle in that both of its Senate seats are being contested on Nov. 3. If none of the 21 candidates in the special election gets at least 50% of the vote, a runoff election will be held Jan. 5.  Georgia’s other Senate contest pits Republican incumbent David Perdue against Democrat Jon Ossoff. Loeffler’s donations to Democrats To some, the term "abortion on demand" might suggest abortion at any time under any circumstances; but the common definition is much different.  Collins’ campaign cited three dictionary definitions of abortion on demand. Each says:  "The right of a woman to have an abortion during the first six months of a pregnancy. "An abortion performed on a woman solely at her own request." To back Collins’ claim, his campaign cited campaign contributions Loeffler made herself as well as contributions from the political action committee of the company Intercontinental Exchange, where her husband, Jeff Sprecher, is CEO. ICE is the publicly traded parent company of the New York Stock Exchange. Collins’ campaign cited Federal Election Commission records showing a total of $13,100 in donations made by Loeffler nine or more years ago — from 2006 to 2011 — to congressional campaigns for six Democrats, all of whom support abortion rights.  We found that each of the Democrats had received high ratings from NARAL (formerly the National Abortion Rights Action League) Pro-Choice America. John Barrow, a former Georgia representative ($500) Chris Dodd, former Connecticut senator ($2,000) Bob Etheridge, a former North Carolina representative ($500, $2,300) Former Iowa Sen. Tom Harkin ($2,000) Sen. Debbie Stabenow of Michigan ($2,000 Rep. David Scott of Georgia ($2,300, $1,500) Collins also cited $69,000 in donations made from 2011 to 2019, but not by Loeffler herself. They were made by the political action committee for her husband’s company, Intercontinental Exchange, to five Democrats who support abortion rights.  Rep. Sean Patrick Maloney of New York ($14,000) Sen. Chuck Schumer of New York ($10,000) Allyson Schwartz, a former Pennsylvania representative ($2,500) Stabenow ($22,500) Rep. Maxine Waters of California ($20,000) There is no indication, however, that these donations were made because of the individual lawmakers’ stances on abortion.  Loeffler gives more to Republicans Loeffler’s campaign responded by claiming that nearly 99% of nearly $2 million in political contributions made by Loeffler have gone to anti-abortion candidates.  The data does indicate the vast majority of Loeffler’s contributions have been to Republicans: Since 2006, of the more than $2 million in political contributions made by Loeffler, $16,600 has gone to Democrats or liberal causes, according to data the nonpartisan Center for Responsive Politics provided PolitiFact. Of the $3.2 million Loeffler and her husband have given to political committees, less than 3% went to Democratic candidates and causes, the center reported in December. Moreover, Loeffler can point to anti-abortion credentials. Republican Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp in December chose Loeffler over Collins, who had been recommended by President Donald Trump, to replace Isakson. Kemp said Loeffler would "defend life against the radical left's abortion-on-demand agenda." Loeffler also has been endorsed in the special election by the National Right to Life Committee and other anti-abortion groups. Our ruling Collins claimed his fellow Republican Loeffler has a "long history of donating to abortion-on-demand Democrats." From 2006 to 2011, Loeffler personally gave a total of $13,100 in campaign donations to six Democrats who support abortion rights. The political action committee of her husband’s company has also donated to a handful of Democrats more recently, but these contributions did not come from Loeffler. Overall, only a tiny fraction of the campaign contributions made by Loeffler have gone to Democrats, and she has won endorsements from major anti-abortion groups. We rate Collins’ claim Mostly False.

Georgia,Campaign Finance,Doug Collins

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Joe Biden

2020-08-28 00:00:00

a tweet:

“It cost taxpayers $120,000 to fly Nancy (Pelosi) to get her hair done.”

Daniel Funke

2020-10-23 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/donald-trump/trump-says-michigan-during-coronavirus-pandemic-ha/

Trump says Michigan has been “like a prison.” But most COVID-19 lockdowns ended in June.

During the final presidential debate, President Donald Trump repeated his call for keeping schools and  businesses open amid the coronavirus pandemic, claiming that Michiganders have been subject to excessive restrictions. "Take a look at what's happening with your friend in Michigan," Trump said, referring to Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer, who issued a stay-at-home order and a number of other emergency measures in March to slow the spread of the coronavirus. Under her leadership, "it's been like a prison," Trump claimed. Trump has made similar claims this month. "She keeps her state closed," he said of Whitmer during an interview with Fox News’ Sean Hannity on Oct. 8. "The churches are closed. The schools are closed, and the whole state is closed." In a virtual rally two days later, he told Michigan supporters "your governor has to open up her state." Trump’s comments seem to place Michigan residents and businesses under a lockdown. That’s not the case. Whitmer declared a state of emergency on March 10 as the state discovered its first two confirmed cases, and issued the stay-at home order and business restrictions on Mar. 23. But her order was lifted statewide by Jun. 1. Bars and restaurants across the state reopened shortly afterward, followed by barbershops, spas and salons in mid-June. Casinos in Detroit were allowed to reopen in early August. Schools across the state were allowed to resume in-person learning in the fall, with local districts setting their own criteria for reopening. And by early October, gyms, movie theaters and bowling alleys were cleared to reopen with safety precautions in place. Churches and houses of worship in Michigan were exempt from penalties under the state's order. We reached out to the Trump campaign to explain his comments but didn't hear back. Governor's order faced pushback While many governors across the country issued stay-at-home orders at the outset of the coronavirus pandemic, Whitmer’s was criticized as extreme or arbitrary. For instance, Michiganders were prohibited from traveling to vacation homes, and big-box stores were required to rope off areas selling nonessential items, such as paint and garden supplies. On April 15, thousands of people participated in a protest outside the state Capitol in Lansing against Whitmer’s stay-at-home order, and drew support from Trump. On April 23, dozens of protesters gathered outside Whitmer’s Lansing residence. And a week later, armed protesters entered the Michigan Capitol. Whitmer’s actions have also faced pushback from the GOP-controlled Legislature, which challenged her emergency powers in court. After the Michigan Supreme Court ruled Oct. 2 that she did not have the authority under state law to issue additional emergency declarations, her administration and the Legislature began working together to enact new laws to respond to the pandemic. Public opinion polls have shown consistent support for Whitmer’s handling of the coronavirus crisis.  But with the restrictions lifted, the number of COVID-19 cases in Michigan is now increasing in the vast majority of the state’s counties. On Oct. 21, Michigan reported an daily average of 1,704 new COVID-19 cases in the last seven days, the state’s highest seven-day average yet. Our ruling Trump claimed that "it’s been like a prison" in Michigan under Whitmer’s leadership during the coronavirus pandemic. Whitmer implemented strict emergency measures in March, but they were mostly lifted across the state by June 1. All businesses and schools are allowed to be open. We rate Trump’s claim False. 

Coronavirus,Michigan,Donald Trump

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YouTube videos

2020-09-03 00:00:00

a campaign ad:

Kelly Loeffler has a "long history of donating to abortion-on-demand Democrats."

Tom Kertscher

2020-10-23 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/donald-trump/trump-wrong-blame-pandemic-foxconn-struggles/

Trump wrong to blame pandemic for Foxconn struggles

President Donald Trump and Wisconsin’s Foxconn project are undeniably linked. Trump was at the June 2018 groundbreaking in Mount Pleasant, and when a series of media reports detailed the possibility Foxconn could scale back or call off its plans in Wisconsin in early 2019, Trump stepped in directly. The president spoke to then-CEO and Chairman Terry Gou, and the company then announced it was still building a liquid crystal display manufacturing plant here. So it wasn’t surprising to hear Trump back the company even as we learned it failed to meet the job targets to receive any subsidies for the second straight year. In an Oct. 17, 2020, interview with WTMJ-TV’s Charles Benson, Trump said the company was still going to deliver on its promised 13,000 jobs. "They will do what I tell them to do. They will do what’s supposed to be done. Because they did make promises," Trump said. "If they don’t meet the standards, you shouldn’t give them the tax credits, but they will end up being a great investment for your state. … If I win the election, Foxconn is going to come in with money like no other company has come into our country, you watch." But it was Trump’s explanation for Foxconn’s lack of progress that struck us as particularly interesting. Asked why the company hadn’t met expectations, Trump said, "No. 1, you had a pandemic." Since the Foxconn deal was signed in 2017, officials have repeatedly referenced the changing marketplace and Foxconn’s resulting strategy shifts as factors in the slow ramp-up in Mount Pleasant. Trump didn’t mention either of these factors, citing only the pandemic as a cause. Let’s check out what Foxconn promised and how fair it is to blame COVID-19  for the lack of progress. The original deal Foxconn and Wisconsin signed an initial memorandum of understanding in July 2017 that said the company "agrees to … create up to 13,000 jobs with an estimated average salary of $53,875 over a period of up to six years." A formal agreement signed in November 2017 moved that up a bit, saying Foxconn agrees "to the best of their ability, to projected employment of 13,000 jobs of hourly and salaried personnel of Wisconsin payroll between 2018 and the end of 2022." In a deal brokered by then-Gov. Scott Walker and approved by the GOP-led Legislature, Wisconsin agreed to provide as much as $3 billion in subsidies (cash payments made to the company) and hundreds of millions in infrastructure improvements. In exchange, the company pledged to invest up to $10 billion and build a Generation 10.5 plant to make giant display panel screens. The deal established job thresholds for the subsidies for each year along the way — a minimum to get the lowest available subsidies, and a maximum to get all of them. Where we are now In the time since, local and state government have spent hundreds of millions of dollars on infrastructure, but the company has repeatedly downsized its plans and fallen short of its promises. Foxconn failed to quality for even the minimum tax credits in 2018 or 2019. The Wisconsin Economic Development Corp., a private-public partnership that oversees the state’s deal with Foxconn, reported Oct. 12, 2020 that the company had hired only 281 people eligible for credits — compared to the expectation of 2,080 and minimum of 520 — and made only $300 million in capital expenditures through the end of 2019. Meanwhile, the company had dropped the Generation 10.5 plans in favor of a Generation 6 plant, which conflicts with the agreement reached with the state. State officials have attempted to renegotiate the deal with Foxconn to reflect the company’s current reality, but that so far has not happened as the company hasn’t provided specifics on its plans for the site. Wisconsin Secretary of Administration Joel Brennan cited Foxconn business challenges, a changing marketplace and the pandemic as elements of the conversation on how to move forward.   "There is no manufacturing to speak of going on at that facility right now," Brennan told the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. "I don’t know that there is a lot of certainty about what is going on there." In short, Foxconn is falling short, and it has been since long before the pandemic. "It has been clear for more than 16 months that Foxconn was no longer pursuing the project proposed, evaluated, negotiated, and contracted for with WEDC," WEDC Secretary and CEO Missy Hughes said in a statement to PolitiFact Wisconsin. "Further, the pre-pandemic job creation numbers submitted by Foxconn for 2018 and 2019 fell short of the minimum for each year. That’s why we have been encouraging Foxconn for the last year and a half to align its agreement with WEDC with its evolved plans and vision in Wisconsin." State doubts viability of Foxconn facility In the time since Trump’s comment, new documents and media reports have further illuminated Foxconn’s lack of progress. These don’t factor into our rating since they weren’t widely known at the time of the statement, but they support the prior evidence. An Oct. 7, 2020, memo from the state Department of Administration — first reported by The Verge — noted: The Generation 6 facility on the site now is more of an assembly facility than a fabrication facility, according to a DOA expert. It "may be better suited for demonstration purposes rather than as a viable commercial glass fabrication facility." The facility "if operational, would be the smallest Generation 6 (factory) operating anywhere in the world. It is less than one-twentieth the size of the promised Generation 10.5 project and would employ, if it ever became fully operational, only a small fraction of the local residents who WEDC expected to be employed." Foxconn has a "pattern of hiring spikes," where they have added employees near the year-end job reporting deadline, then cut ties soon after. Foxconn has changed one building’s purpose "at least temporarily" from manufacturing to storage. Foxconn’s hiring likely dropped so far in 2020, rather than dramatically ramping up as the contract requires. After this surfaced, Foxconn founder Terry Gou issued a statement reiterating a desire to expand on the Mount Pleasant site. "The world has changed a lot since Foxconn’s partnership with Wisconsin began, but Foxconn’s commitment to the state has not wavered," Gou said. "Market conditions and the COVID-19 pandemic have altered the timing of our expansion, the specifics of our manufacturing plans, and our product lines have changed. But through it all, Foxconn has pressed forward with its Wisconsin plans." Our ruling Asked why Foxconn has fallen short of expectations, Trump said "No. 1, you had a pandemic." The pandemic no doubt has played a role in Foxconn’s 2020 struggles, where the state expects the company to fall even farther off of its projected hiring levels. But the project was foundering long before that. The benchmarks that showed Foxconn struggling all occurred before the pandemic — the company fell short of even minimum hiring targets in 2018 and 2019 while investing nowhere near the money initially projected by this point for what was to have been a Generation 10.5 facility. Referencing the pandemic as the primary reason for Foxconn’s struggles is flat wrong. We rate this claim False. 

Jobs,Wisconsin,Donald Trump

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Donald Trump

2020-09-01 00:00:00

a tweet:

“Joe Biden wants to raise taxes on 82% of all Americans.”

Daniel Funke

2020-10-23 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/donald-trump/trumps-misguided-claim-bidens-health-plan-will-ter/

Did Trump confuse the public option with Medicare for All?

During the final presidential debate, President Donald Trump claimed that 180 million people would lose their private health insurance to socialized medicine if Democratic presidential nominee, former Vice President Joe Biden, is elected president.  "They have 180 million people, families under what he wants to do, which will basically be socialized medicine — you won’t even have a choice — they want to terminate 180 million plans," said Trump.  Trump has repeated this claim throughout the week, and we thought the linkage of Biden’s proposed health care plan with socialism was something we needed to check out. Especially since Biden opposed Medicare for All, the proposal by Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., that would have created a single-payer health system run completely by the federal government, and has long been attacked by Republicans as "socialist."  The Trump campaign did not respond to our request asking where the evidence for this claim. Experts called it a distortion of Biden’s plan. Where the number comes from Experts agreed the number of individuals who have private health insurance either through an employer-sponsored plan or purchased on the Affordable Care Act’s health insurance marketplace is around 180 million people.  The Kaiser Family Foundation, a non-partisan health policy organization, estimated in 2018 about 157 million Americans had health insurance through their employer, while almost 20 million had insurance they purchased for themselves.Together, that adds up to about 177 million with private health insurance. (KHN is an editorially independent program of KFF).  What does Biden support?  Biden supports expanding the ACA through several measures, including a public option. Under his plan, this public option would be a health insurance plan run by the federal government that would be offered alongside other private health insurance plans on the insurance marketplace.  "The marketplace is made up of multiple insurers in areas," said Linda Blumberg, a health policy fellow at the Urban Institute. "Sometimes there are five or more (plans), sometimes there is only one. Biden is talking about adding a public option in the marketplace. You could pick between these private insurers or you could pick the public option."  Getting rid of the so-called "employer firewall" is also part of Biden’s proposal.  This firewall was implemented during the roll out of the ACA. It was designed to maintain balance in the insurance risk pools by preventing too many healthy people who have work-based coverage from opting instead to move to a marketplace plan. And it all came down to who qualified for the subsidies that made these plans more affordable.   Currently, those who are offered a health insurance plan through their employer that meets certain minimum federal standards aren’t eligible to receive these subsidies, which come in the form of tax credits. But that leaves many low income workers with health care plans that aren’t as affordable or comprehensive as marketplace plans.  Biden’s plan would eliminate that "firewall," meaning that anyone could choose to either get health insurance through their employer or through the marketplace. That’s where many Republicans argue that we could start to see leakage from private health insurance plans to the public option.  "The problem is healthy people leaving employer plans," said Joseph Antos, a scholar in health care at the conservative-leaning American Enterprise Institute. That could mean the entire work-place plan’s premiums could go up. "You could easily imagine a plan where it spirals, the premiums go up, and then even more people start leaving the plans to go to the public option."  Blumberg, though, said that because the marketplace would still include private health insurance plans alongside the public option, it doesn’t mean everyone who chooses to leave their employer plan would go straight to the public option.  She has done estimates based on a plan similar to the one Biden is proposing. She estimates that only about 10% to 12% of Americans would choose to leave their employer-sponsored plans, which translates to about 15 million to 18 million Americans.  KFF also did an estimate and found that 12.3 million people with employer coverage could save money by buying on the exchange under the Biden plan.  But, "it’s not clear all of those people would choose to leave their employer coverage, though, as there are other reasons besides costs that people might want to have job-based insurance," Cynthia Cox, vice president and director of the program on the ACA at KFF, wrote in an email.  Either way, none of the estimates are anywhere close to the 180 million that Trump claimed.  Is this type of public option socialism?  Overall, experts said no, what Biden supports isn’t socialized medicine.  "Socialized medicine means that the government runs hospitals and employs doctors, and that is not part of Biden’s plan," Larry Levitt, executive vice president for health policy at KFF, wrote in an email. "Under Biden’s plans, doctors and hospitals would remain in the private sector just like they are today."  However, Antos said in his view that the definition of socialism can really vary when it comes to health care.  "I would argue in one sense, we would already have socialized medicine. We have massive federal subsidies for everybody, so in that sense, we’re already there," said Antos. "But, if socialized medicine means the government is going to dictate how doctors practice or how health care is delivered, we are obviously not in that situation. I don’t think the Biden plan would lead you that way."  And in the end, Antos said invoking socialism is a scare tactic that politicians have been doing for years.  "It’s just a political slur," said Antos. "It’s meant to inflame the emotions of those who will vote for Trump and meant to annoy the people who will vote for Biden."  Our ruling  Trump said 180 million people would lose their private health insurance plans to socialized medicine under Biden.  While about 180 million people do have private health insurance, there is no evidence that all of them would lose their private plans if Biden were elected president.  Biden supports implementing a public option on the health insurance marketplace. It would exist alongside private health insurance plans, and Americans would have the option to buy either the private plan or the public plan. While estimates show that there are a number of Americans that would likely leave their employer-sponsored coverage for the public plan, they would be doing that by choice and the estimates are nowhere near Trump’s 180 million figure.  Experts also agree that the public option is not socialized medicine, and it’s ridiculous to conflate Biden’s plan with Medicare for All.  We rate this claim Pants on Fire. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.

Health Care,Health Check,Donald Trump

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Facebook posts

2020-08-29 00:00:00

a tweet:

Says Donald Trump said “good” during the final presidential debate in reference to families being separated at the border.

Eric Litke

2020-10-23 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/donald-trump/trump-repeats-flawed-claim-biden-opposed-trumps-co/

Trump repeats flawed claim that Biden opposed Trump’s coronavirus travel restrictions on China

In the final presidential debate, Democratic candidate Joe Biden repeated his claim that President Donald Trump has mishandled the nation’s response to the novel coronavirus pandemic. Trump shot back in defense, and claimed that Biden himself thought that the administration was wrong in restricting travel from China on Jan. 31, 2020, in an attempt to stop the virus from spreading in the United States.  "When I closed he said I should no't have closed," Trump said. "He said this is a terrible thing, you are a xenophobe, I think he called me racist. Now he says I should have closed it earlier."  "I did not say either of those things," Biden responded. "I talked about his xenophobia in a different context, not about closing the border to Chinese coming to the United States." As debate moderator Kristen Welker interjected to ask another question, Trump continued: "He thought I shouldn't have closed the borders. That's obvious." This isn’t accurate.  Biden did not directly say that he thought Trump shouldn’t have restricted travel from China when he did. The former vice president did accuse Trump of "xenophobia" in an Iowa campaign speech the same day, Jan. 31, that Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar announced the administration's travel restrictions on people who were in China 14 days prior to their attempted entry into the U.S. Biden said: "This is no time for Donald Trump's record of hysteria xenophobia, hysterical xenophobia, and fear-mongering to lead the way instead of science." RELATED: Fact-checking whether Biden called Trump ‘xenophobic’ for restrictions on travel from China Biden’s presidential campaign told the Washington Post Fact Checker that his accusations were not related to the travel restrictions, claiming he wasn’t aware of the restrictions during his speech since the event started shortly after they were announced. The campaign also noted he made similar remarks in an opinion column published Jan. 27 in USA Today. And in his comments in Iowa, Biden did not mention the travel restrictions. On Feb. 1, Biden mostly repeated his remarks from the campaign stop, tweeting: "We are in the midst of a crisis with the coronavirus. We need to lead the way with science — not Donald Trump’s record of hysteria, xenophobia, and fear-mongering. He is the worst possible person to lead our country through a global health emergency." Biden did not say whether he supported or opposed the Trump travel restrictions until April 3, when his campaign said that he supported Trump’s decision to impose travel restrictions on China. "Joe Biden supports travel bans that are guided by medical experts, advocated by public health officials, and backed by a full strategy," the campaign told CNN. "Science supported this ban, therefore he did too." Our ruling Trump said, "When I closed he said I should not have closed. ...He said this is a terrible thing, you are a xenophobe, I think he called me racist. Now he says I should have closed it earlier. … He thought I should not have closed the border. That’s obvious." Biden didn’t take an official position on the China travel restrictions until months after they were first enforced. And while he has called Trump a racist and xenophobic, those comments weren’t explicity in reference to the travel ban.  Trump’s claim contains an element of truth, but overstates and takes Biden’s comments out of context. We rate the claim Mostly False. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.

Foreign Policy,Coronavirus,Donald Trump

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Doug Collins

2020-10-23 00:00:00

an

“They have 180 million people, families under what he wants to do, which will basically be socialized medicine — you won’t even have a choice — they want to terminate 180 million plans.”

Samantha Putterman

2020-10-22 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/donald-trump/fact-checking-trumps-claim-pennsylvania-never-open/

Fact-checking Trump’s claim that Pennsylvania ‘never opened’ after coronavirus closures

President Donald Trump has criticized some governors for imposing restrictions to limit the spread of the coronavirus, and at a rally in Erie on Tuesday, he lambasted Pennsylvania Gov. Tom Wolf.  Trump told his supporters that Pennsylvania "never reopened" after Wolf ordered the shutdown of "non-life-sustaining businesses" in March, soon after the outset of the pandemic. "What the hell is going on with your state?" Trump said. "You guys never opened."  Day-to-day life in Pennsylvania hasn’t returned to normal, and it may not until a coronavirus vaccine is widely available. But the state’s schools and businesses aren’t uniformly shuttered as they were in the spring.  All 67 Pennsylvania counties are in the "green" phase of the Wolf administration's three-phase reopening plan and have been since July 3, meaning most businesses may operate at 75% capacity, and school districts may decide whether to offer in-person instruction. Lebanon County, east of Harrisburg, was the last county to move from "yellow" to "green."  Pennsylvania’s lockdown began on March 19, when Wolf ordered all non-life-sustaining businesses to close to help stop the spread of the virus. Two weeks later, Wolf issued a statewide stay-at-home order, and one week after that, he announced that schools would remain closed through the end of the academic year.  At that point, all counties were in the "red" phase, with severe restrictions imposed by Wolf.   In mid-April, the governor announced the criteria for counties to reopen — fewer than 50 new confirmed cases per 100,000 residents reported to the state in the previous 14 days. He said the state would also assess whether a county had enough testing and contact tracing, and he set May 8 as a target date to begin lifting restrictions.  He followed through.  That day, 24 counties moved from "red" to the "yellow" phase of reopening, and over the next two months, all counties moved into "yellow" and eventually to "green," the least restrictive phase.  Now that all Pennsylvania counties are in "green," it has been up to each of the state’s 500 school districts to determine whether or not to offer in-person instruction. Philadelphia will welcome some students back to classrooms on Nov. 30, and Pittsburgh plans to reopen on Nov. 9. Students in the Central Bucks district returned on Sept. 30.  All Pennsylvania counties have remained in the "green" phase even as case counts have climbed to the highest level since April, and Pennsylvania Secretary of Health Rachel Levine said as recently as Oct. 14 that the state has no plan to impose any new restrictions.  "We're in a much better place than we were in the spring," Levine said. Besides, whether Wolf has the power to impose another lockdown remains unsettled. In September, a federal judge struck down key elements of the governor’s virus mitigation strategy, labeling the limits he imposed on businesses and gatherings unconstitutional. The state appealed the ruling, and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit agreed to restore the restrictions on gatherings until it rules on Wolf’s petition for relief. The state’s COVID-19 dashboard, which displays real-time data on confirmed cases of the virus, shows that Philadelphia, Delaware, Berks and Centre counties all have more than 2,000 cases per 100,000 residents, well above the threshold the state deems safe. Two dozen other counties have more than 1,000 cases per 100,000 residents.  But so far, Wolf has not imposed any new restrictions.  Our ruling  Trump said Pennsylvania "never opened." That’s not true. Most businesses were closed and residents were ordered to stay home in April, but restrictions have been lifted gradually since May, and no new lockdowns have been ordered even as case counts climb. Trump’s statement is inaccurate. We rate it False.

National,Coronavirus,Pennsylvania,Donald Trump

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Donald Trump

2020-10-22 00:00:00

a presidential debate:

Pennsylvania “never opened.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-09-22 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/22/bob-good/bob-good-misrepresents-joe-bidens-tax/

Bob Good misrepresents Joe Biden's tax plan

Joe Biden will raise taxes on 82% of Americans, according to Bob Good, a Republican seeking Virginia’s 5th District congressional seat. Good, a former Campbell County supervisor, made the claim during a Sept. 9 candidates forum with Democrtaic nominee Cameron Webb, a physician. "We need to preserve and expand the Trump tax cuts," Good said. "Biden has already announced that he and my opponent would raise taxes by $4 trillion on 82% of Americans who would experience a tax increase if Biden were elected (sic)," Good said. We fact checked Good’s 82% claim.  Biden, the Democratic nominee for president, has pledged not to raise taxes on Americans making less than $400,000 per year, as PolitiFact has reported. Independent tax analysts have found that his plan does not call for direct tax increases on anyone below that threshold. Tax analysts say the indirect effects of Biden’s proposal to raise the corporate tax rate could mean slightly lower after-tax incomes for some lower earners. By one analysis, about 82% of Americans would feel these effects — though for many, the hit would be small.  But that doesn’t mean  82% of Americans will have higher tax rates or owe more to the Internal Revenue Service, as the phrase "tax increase" suggests.  "To the extent that the Trump campaign is using this figure to imply that individual income and payroll taxes will rise for 82% of Americans, the claim is misleading," said John Ricco, a senior analyst at the Penn Wharton Budget Model, which is the basis for the 82% figure. Biden’s pledge for no direct taxes under $400,000 Biden’s tax plan aims to raise up to $4 trillion in revenues over a decade, according to the Tax Policy Center. It would do so in part by rolling back some of the tax cuts for corporations and people with taxable incomes over $400,000 that Trump signed into law in 2017. Among Biden’s proposed changes, he would: Increase the top corporate tax rate from 21% to 28%; Raise the top federal marginal income tax rate from 37% to 39.6%; Place a 12.4% Social Security payroll tax on incomes above $400,000; and Tax capital gains at the same rate as ordinary income for very high earners. Other independent groups have also examined Biden’s tax plan, including the Tax Foundation, the Penn Wharton Budget Model, the American Enterprise Institute, and the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget. The groups have generally agreed that Biden’s plan largely targets corporations and the nation’s biggest earners. The Tax Policy Center, for example, estimated that more than 90% of the tax increases from Biden’s plan would be borne by the top 20% of earners. "No direct taxes are imposed on any household making less than $400,000 per year," the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget wrote in its analysis.  Garrett Watson, a senior policy analyst at the Tax Foundation, told PolitiFact National there are some specific scenarios where Biden’s proposals related to itemized deductions, retirement benefits and payroll taxes could result in "potential direct tax hikes" for some households under $400,000. For example, in a scenario where one spouse makes more than $400,000 but the other incurs a loss that brings the adjusted gross income for their two-income household below $400,000, they could be hit by the Biden payroll tax, Watson said. In interviews, economic advisers to the Biden campaign said any final tax law would have mechanisms written in to prevent anybody making less than $400,000 from being inadvertently affected. "It’s not hard to have a ‘hold harmless’ provision to deal with any oddball cases that seem unlikely to even ever arise," said Gene Sperling, a campaign adviser who was director of the National Economic Council under Presidents Barack Obama and Bill Clinton. Lower earners could see small, indirect hits The groups that examined Biden’s tax plan also estimated that over time, some of the burden of Biden’s tax increases would fall to people making less than $400,000 in the form of lower wages or investment returns — indirect effects of the proposed corporate tax rate increase. These effects would be relatively small, and tax analysts say they make up the bulk of the hits dealt to lower earners under Biden’s tax plan. But they form the basis for Good’s claim that 82% of Americans would see their taxes raised. President Donald Trump’s campaign says the impact of the corporate tax rate increase is effectively a tax increase on individuals.  The Biden campaign, on the other hand, says the two are not equal. "Nobody filling out their 1040 is going to see a tax increase, and nobody would consider that type of economic impact as a tax increase, even if it happened," said Sperling. According to the Tax Policy Center, the lowest 20% of earners would see their 2021 incomes drop by an average of $30 under Biden; the second lowest quintile would see an average loss of $110; the middle would see an average drop of $260; and the second-highest quintile would see an average loss of $590.  The Penn Wharton Budget Model  projects smaller average declines for 2021: $15 for the bottom 20%; $90 for the second quintile; $180 for the third quintile; and $360 for the fourth quintile. Good’s 82% figure comes from the Penn Wharton Budget Model, which estimated what share of each income group would experience a tax change as a result of Biden’s proposals. A little math gets to 82% of people affected. But the concept of indirect effects "is distinct from how most normal people think about taxes," said Ricco, the Penn Wharton analyst. "Only families with adjusted gross incomes of more than $400,000 would be sending a larger check to the IRS, or having more federal taxes withheld from their paychecks," Ricco said. Those taxpayers were between the top 1% and 2% of filers in 2017, said Watson, the Tax Foundation analyst, citing the IRS. The Penn Wharton Budget Model also shows how Biden’s tax plan would affect Americans if the indirect effects of the corporate tax are excluded. With the corporate tax plan removed from the analysis, the average tax change drops to zero for the bottom 90% of earners. "We expect that between 1% and 2% of American families would see increases in individual income and payroll taxes," Ricco said.  A final note: We asked Good’s campaign three times for information and did not get a reply. Other considerations There are other aspects of Biden’s plans that aren’t reflected in independent tax analyses.  The Trump campaign, for example, says Biden’s plan to reinstate the penalty for not complying with the Affordable Care Act’s individual mandate (requiring most people to have a basic amount of health care coverage) should be thought of as a tax — which is in line with the Supreme Court’s reasoning when it upheld the mandate in 2012. The Biden campaign says it’s a fee, pointing to the Health and Human Services Department’s language. Economic advisers to the Biden campaign, meanwhile, said the tax analyses don’t include Biden’s proposed tax credits and spending programs aimed at middle-class and lower earners. Those and other Biden proposals "will substantially boost middle-class incomes for families across the country," said Biden campaign spokesperson Andrew Bates.  Gordon Mermin, a senior research associate at the Tax Policy Center, said Biden has proposed many tax credits, including recent proposals for a refundable child- and dependent-care tax credit, a refundable tax credit for first-time homebuyers, and a low-income renters credit. If the Penn Wharton Budget Model factored in Biden’s tax credits — and it did not — then the 82% figure representing the percent of Americans who would experience changes to their after-tax incomes "would be substantially lower," Mermin said.  Ricco said the Penn Wharton analysis focused only on "revenue-raising provisions."  Note: We reached out to Good’s campaign three times and did not get a reply. Our ruling Good said "82% of Americans...would experience a tax increase if Biden were elected."  Good inaccurately described an analysis from the Penn Wharton Budget Model. The 82% is a calculation made using the model’s estimates that represents the percentage of people whose after-tax incomes would change under Biden’s plan. But there’s a difference between a tax increase and the share of corporate tax increases borne by individual taxpayers in the form or lower investment returns or incomes. Biden has pledged not to directly raise taxes on people earning less than $400,000 per year.  Some Biden tax credits not included in Penn Wharton analysis could potentially offset some of the indirect hits posed to lower earners as a result of Biden’s proposed corporate tax hike. We rate Good’s statement False.  

Economy,Taxes,Virginia,Bob Good

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Donald Trump

2020-10-22 00:00:00

a rally:

“Facebook is creating these #firstborn and #secondborn challenges so the IRS can confirm who y’all claiming on them taxes as dependents.”

Samantha Putterman

2020-09-22 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/22/william-barr/doj-didnt-indict-someone-texas-fraudulently-castin/

DOJ didn’t indict someone in Texas for fraudulently casting 1,700 ballots

Attorney General William Barr made the case that voting by mail is "fraught with the risk of fraud and coercion."  As an example of such problems, he pointed to a case in Texas. "We indicted someone in Texas, 1,700 ballots collected from people who could vote, he made them out and voted for the person he wanted to," Barr said in an interview on CNN on Sept. 2. The U.S. Justice Department has already walked back this claim, but social media posts continue to echo the attorney general’s inaccurate statement.  One, from Sept. 17, attributes to Barr a paraphrased statement of what he actually said: "‘In Texas, we arrested one man who filled out 1,700 ballots. That’s what happens with mail-in ballots.’ - AG Barr." The Justice Department did not immediately respond to our email about Barr’s statement.  But here’s what we know from media reports.  The Justice Department did not indict someone in Texas for casting 1,700 ballots. A spokesperson for the department told the Washington Post that prior to his CNN interview, Barr was "provided a memo prepared within the department that contained an inaccurate summary about the case which he relied upon when using the case as an example." In 2017, prosecutors in Dallas County, in Texas, investigated suspected mail-in voter fraud after receiving a tip that voters who had not requested mail ballots received notices that they would receive them, according to the Washington Post.  The name "Jose Rodriguez" appeared on about 700 ballots, indicating that this person helped fill them out. Andy Chatham, who was the assistant district attorney on the case at the time, said that when investigators approached the voters who were said to have cast the ballots, the voters generally said the ballots were legitimate and cast for the candidate they supported, the Post reported.  "We didn’t find any evidence of widespread voter fraud, and instead the ballots that were returned were consistent with the voter’s choice," the paper quotes Chatham as saying.  Ultimately, one suspect was arrested in the case — Miguel Hernandez, who pleaded guilty to forging a woman’s signature on a mail-in ballot in a Dallas County municipal election, the Dallas Morning News reported. Elderly voters had alleged that someone forged their signatures on mail-in ballots in a 2017 Dallas City Council race.  "He violated the law but not for voting," Chatham told ABC News. "It was for procuring mail-in ballots under false pretenses." Mike Snipes, another prosecutor, said investigators initially suspected that there were potentially 1,700 fraudulent ballots, "but we did not uncover that, at all," the Post quotes him as saying. "We actually thought there was voter fraud initially and we couldn’t find it except that little tiny case."  Our ruling Barr said that the Justice Department indicted someone in Texas for casting 1,700 fraudulent mail-in ballots in Texas.  Prosecutors investigated about 700 ballots — not 1,700 — for possible fraud.  But investigators never found evidence of widespread fraud, and the ballots under scrutiny were cast in favor of the candidates the voter supported.  "Everyone who voted in it, their vote counted," Chatham told the Morning News. "They weren’t disenfranchised, and we made sure of this."  We rate Barr’s claim False.  

Elections,Texas,Facebook Fact-checks,William Barr

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Donald Trump

2020-09-17 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“82% of Americans...would experience a tax increase if Biden were elected.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-09-22 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/22/joe-biden/bidens-false-claim-about-when-trump-campaign-calle/

Biden’s false claim about when Trump campaign called for Supreme Court list

As Republicans look to fill the Supreme Court vacancy left by Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s death, President Donald Trump’s campaign has elevated its calls for Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden to release a list of candidates he would consider for the bench. Trump and his campaign have challenged Biden to match the list of 20 potential nominees Trump rolled out Sept. 9, which included several federal appeals court judges and Republican senators such as Sen. Ted Cruz of Texas.  Biden has dismissed those requests. Speaking in Philadelphia two days after Ginsburg’s death, the former vice president rejected the call again, while urging the Republican-led Senate to let the winner of the presidential election pick Ginsburg’s replacement.  In doing so, Biden wrongly claimed the Trump campaign asked for his list only after Ginsburg died. (He also claimed, falsely, that "there's no court session between now and the end of this election.") "After Ruth Bader Ginsburg passed away, they said ‘Biden should release his list,’" Biden said in the Sept. 20 address. "It’s no wonder the Trump campaign asked that I release the list only after she passed away. It’s a game for them. It’s a play to gin up emotions and anger." The Biden campaign noted that the claim came as Biden diverged slightly from his prepared remarks, which the campaign provided to PolitiFact. His prepared line was: "It’s no wonder the Trump campaign asked that I release a list only hours after Justice Ginsburg passed away." Both Trump and his campaign called several times for Biden to put out a list of prospective nominees before Ginsburg’s death on Sept. 18. When the campaign unveiled the 20 additions to Trump’s list in a Sept. 9 press release, it wrote, "Biden must do the same."  Hey @JoeBiden,Trump Campaign here!We asked for your prospective SCOTUS nominee list on September 9th, 2020.https://t.co/d5Xo94EGab— Team Trump (Text VOTE to 88022) (@TeamTrump) September 20, 2020 Trump’s campaign staff cited that announcement and other examples disproving Biden’s claim on Twitter and on its website, and the campaign flagged a few more in response to an inquiry: On Sept. 17, the Trump campaign released a statement saying "it’s time for Joe Biden to release a list of his own potential Supreme Court nominees." On Sept. 12, Trump said at a campaign rally in Minden, Nev., "I put out a list of an additional number of very conservative, highly thought of, highly respected judges ... They are the only people that I will consider for the Supreme Court of the United States. And I'm asking Joe Biden to do the same thing." On Sept. 9, Trump said at the White House, "Joe Biden has refused to release his list, perhaps because he knows the names are so extremely far left that they could never withstand public scrutiny or receive acceptance." On Aug. 24, Trump said in an Aug. 24 Republican National Convention speech, "I'm demanding, actually, a list. Let Biden put up a list of the judges he's going to appoint." Trump made similar statements during a  June 22 interview with the Christian Broadcasting Network and a June 20 campaign rally in Tulsa, Okla. The Trump campaign has ramped up its calls for a Biden list since Ginsburg’s death. But in Philadelphia, Biden gave three reasons why he didn’t want to publish the names of his potential nominees — and why he thought Trump’s decision to do so was unconventional. Biden argued that putting judges’ names on such a list could influence their decisions in courts where they currently serve, subject them to "unrelenting political attacks" without an immediate hearing at which to defend themselves, and upend the traditional process of consulting with the Senate on nominees. Trump put out a similar list as a candidate in 2016. In June, Biden told reporters he was thinking about qualified African American women with "the experience to be on the court." Our ruling Biden said, "The Trump campaign asked that I release the list (of potential Supreme Court nominees) only after (Ginsburg) passed away." Trump and his campaign challenged Biden to release such a list on multiple occasions in advance of Ginsburg’s death. We rate this statement False. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here for more.

National,Supreme Court,Joe Biden

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Donald Trump

2020-09-19 00:00:00

a debate.:

“We indicted someone in Texas, 1,700 ballots collected from people who could vote, he made them out and voted for the person he wanted to.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-09-22 00:00:00

full-flop

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/22/mitch-mcconnell/mitch-mcconnell-flip-flops-considering-supreme-cou/

Mitch McConnell flip-flops on considering Supreme Court justices in a presidential election year

When Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia died in February 2016, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., said a vote on the next Supreme Court justice shouldn’t be held during an election year.  McConnell blocked a vote on Merrick Garland, President Barack Obama’s Supreme Court nominee, for most of 2016, and the newly elected president, Donald Trump, filled it instead. The Sept. 18 death of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg now leaves the court with another vacancy, this time less than seven weeks before the Nov. 3 election. But now, McConnell said Trump’s nomination will receive a vote. Democrats called it the height of hypocrisy and double standards. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, D-N.Y., even quoted McConnell’s 2016 rationale verbatim in a tweet that said "Americans should have a voice." We researched McConnell’s past statements. From the beginning, he said the Senate should wait for elections to decide the next president who would choose Scalia’s replacement. On numerous occasions, he offered an artfully crafted justification that cited historical precedent to uphold that position, but that doesn’t change the fact that he is not waiting on the voters to speak in 2020  as he had argued in 2016. Ultimately, experts told us that McConnell would have been more honest to simply explain that he’s pursuing a Supreme Court confirmation this late in the election cycle because he has the power to do so. What McConnell said in 2016 McConnell’s short remembrance of Scalia upon the news of his death ended with the revelation that he would reject any nominee from Obama during his final year. At the time, the election was almost 10 months away. "The American people should have a voice in the selection of their next Supreme Court Justice. Therefore, this vacancy should not be filled until we have a new president," McConnell said in a Feb. 13, 2016, statement. The American people should have a voice in the selection of their next Supreme Court Justice. #Scalia https://t.co/QXHfOpEY6G— Leader McConnell (@senatemajldr) February 14, 2016 On that first night, there were no further caveats. Subsequently, in some settings, McConnell stuck to this line without elaboration (once adding #LetThePeopleDecide). Many Republican senators picked up the argument that it was too close to the presidential election to pursue confirmation. But McConnell would come to repeat a caveat that left open a path of consistency if the shoe were ever on the other foot. McConnell said on several occasions that the Senate had not confirmed a nominee from a president of the opposite party since 1888. For instance, in March 2016, McConnell said on Fox News Sunday, "You have to go back 80 years to find the last time a vacancy on the Supreme Court created in a presidential election year was filled. You have to go back to 1888 when Grover Cleveland was in the White House to find the last time when a vacancy was created in a presidential year, a Senate controlled (by the) party opposite the president confirmed." 2020: Consistency or principle? With the Senate majority and White House both in Republican hands today, McConnell revived the caveated version of the justification he used in 2016. "In the last midterm election before Justice Scalia’s death in 2016, Americans elected a Republican Senate majority because we pledged to check and balance the last days of a lame-duck president’s second term," McConnell said in his Sept. 18 statement. "We kept our promise. Since the 1880s, no Senate has confirmed an opposite-party president’s Supreme Court nominee in a presidential election year." McConnell made this point again a few days later in his first Senate floor speech after Ginsburg’s death.  However, claims like this obfuscate the fact that Supreme Court vacancies in presidential election years are rare — and there was no consistent pattern of punting on a nomination. One problem with parsing precedents for handling past Supreme Court vacancies in an election year is that there are only a few historical examples to look at, and each has quirks that make them different. For instance, Scalia’s death and Ginsburg’s both created vacancies, but Scalia’s came 268 days before Election Day while Ginsburg’s came just 46 days before the election, at which point voting in some places had already begun. "What we have is a framing war that reflects the values of each side, one that ultimately spins, picks and chooses the facts, perspectives, and structures of the discussion," said Colorado State University political scientist Kyle Saunders.  Previous "rules" addressing the handling of election-year Supreme Court nominations, including one attributed to the late Sen. Strom Thurmond, R-S.C., in 1968 and one offered by then-Sen. Joe Biden in 1992, have been cited frequently, but they carry no official force, said Steven S. Smith, a political scientist at Washington University in St. Louis.  If McConnell’s overarching argument in 2016 was that the public should be able to weigh in on the nomination, then he’s offered a different standard for 2020, Smith added. In February 2016, McConnell said the expression of popular sentiment would occur in the coming November election. But in September 2020, McConnell indicated that the public expression has already been made by electing a president and Senate majority in the past, in 2016 and 2018. "To say, ‘We blocked the opposing party’s nominee in 2016 because we controlled the Senate, and we will vote on our own party’s nominee in 2020 because we control the Senate’ is merely to say, ‘We control the Senate and will do what we wish, regardless of the occupant of the White House,’" said David Greenberg, a Rutgers University historian. "No actual rule is being articulated." In addition, a majority of voters rejected Trump in 2016, and in both 2016 and 2018, Democrats won more votes for Senate seats than Republicans did, said John J. Pitney Jr., a Claremont McKenna College political scientist. "Principle, schminciple — it's all about power," Pitney said. Our ruling McConnell’s position in 2016 was not to hear a Supreme Court justice nominee in an election year. "The American people should have a voice in the selection of their next Supreme Court Justice," he said on the night of Scalia’s death. In 2020, his position has changed. He will no longer wait for the American people to decide in the next election.  In both cases, McConnell offered a justification that confirmations have proceeded when the presidency and the Senate are in unified control and have stalled when the two are under divided control. However, this isn’t a higher principle that led McConnell to his decision; it’s a cherry-picked, after-the-fact justification for the raw exercise of power he undoubtedly has. McConnell’s overarching stance on whether the people should weigh in on a nomination during the next election was different in 2016 and 2020. It’s a Full Flop.

Congress,Supreme Court,Mitch McConnell

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Martha McSally

2020-09-09 00:00:00

a CNN

Photo shows Jacob Blake’s “14-year-old rape victim.”

Bill McCarthy

2020-09-22 00:00:00

full-flop

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/22/charles-schumer/chuck-schumer-flip-flops-considering-supreme-court/

Chuck Schumer flip-flops on confirming Supreme Court justices in a presidential election year

Democrats and Republicans are taking Amerians down memory lane as they battle over a replacement for Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, who died less than two months before Election Day. Both parties are accusing each other of hypocrisy and arguing that they are not sticking to the standards they’ve set for themselves regarding the appropriate timing for the confirmation of a Supreme Court justice during a presidential election year. The stakes are high: Supreme Court justices are appointed for life and their decisions impact generations of people. PolitiFact examined the recent statements of Republican Sens. Mitch McConnell and Lindsey Graham and contrasted them with their statements in 2016, after the death of Justice Antonin Scalia. We rated McConnell’s current stance a Full Flop. Graham’s position is also a Full Flop. The day Ginsburg, a Clinton administration appointee, died, Democratic minority leader Sen. Chuck Schumer of New York tweeted, "The American people should have a voice in the selection of their next Supreme Court Justice. Therefore, this vacancy should not be filled until we have a new president." This is precisely what McConnell said in February 2016 after the death of Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia, a Reagan administration appointee. The American people should have a voice in the selection of their next Supreme Court Justice. Therefore, this vacancy should not be filled until we have a new president.— Chuck Schumer (@SenSchumer) September 18, 2020 Let’s use our Flip-O-Meter to look at how Schumer’s present position compares with his past stance on the confirmation of Supreme Court justices during a presidential election year. The point of the Flip-O-Meter is to track whether an official flips or remains consistent on an issue. The Flip-O-Meter does not make a value judgment about flip-flopping. Some people say changing positions shows inconsistent principles and lack of backbone. Others say it's just pragmatism and willingness to compromise. RELATED: How Republicans could fill Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s seat, explained What Schumer said in 2016 Schumer in 2016 urged the Senate to schedule a hearing and a vote for Judge Merrick Garland, President Barack Obama’s nominee to replace Scalia. In a Feb. 16, 2016, Medium post, Schumer said the Senate had a constitutional obligation to hold hearings and a full confirmation process for Obama’s pick. Schumer said he believed Obama, who was ending his second term, would nominate a "mainstream candidate who can and should earn bipartisan support." (Obama nominated Garland in March 2016.) Facing criticism for that position given remarks he made in 2007, Schumer also argued in that Medium post that Republicans were misconstruing his 2007 statements on the topic of Supreme Court nominations. "What I said in the speech given in 2007 is simple: Democrats, after a hearing, should entertain voting no if the nominee is out of the mainstream and tries to cover that fact up. There was no hint anywhere in the speech that there shouldn’t be hearings or a vote." He added: "Nor was there any hint that this idea that Democrats should oppose hard right ideologues should apply only in the fourth year of the president’s term. In fact, I said it should apply to this president, George W. Bush, or any future president whenever they nominated such a candidate." (Here’s a link to that 2007 speech to the American Constitution Society during George W. Bush’s administration.) Here are more examples of Schumer’s 2016 rhetoric: Feb. 18, 2016 tweet: "[email protected]’s constitutional responsibility is to nominate a #SCOTUS Justice. The Senate’s job is to hold hearings & vote on nominees #DoYourJob." Feb. 22, 2016 tweet: "Attn GOP: Senate has confirmed 17 #SCOTUS justices in presidential election years. #DoYourJob." Sept. 27, 2016 Senate speech: "The Supreme Court handles ‘the people’s business,’ as President Reagan put it. Every day that goes by without a ninth justice is another day the American people’s business is not getting done." What Schumer has said since Ginsburg’s death Schumer opposes the confirmation of a Supreme Court nominee in 2020 and justifies his opposition by citing the precedent set by Republicans in 2016. Since Republicans hold the majority in the Senate in 2020 (same as 2016), the party has the power to control the confirmation process. McConnell in 2016 refused to hold a confirmation hearing for Obama’s nominee. On Sept. 20, Schumer said that Ginsburg’s last wish was that she not be replaced until a new president is inaugurated. Schumer claimed that polling found that the majority of Americans, 62%, agreed with Ginsburg. "That’s such a high number it has to mean that Democrats, Republicans and independents all agree that it is only right and it is only fair for us to abide by RBG’s last wish, that she be replaced when a new president is installed," Schumer said during a press conference in New York. On Sept. 21, in a Senate floor speech, Schumer called on at least four Republican senators to commit to rejecting any nominee "until the next president is installed." (All Democratic senators and at least four Republicans would need to vote against a nominee to block his or her confirmation.) Schumer said that McConnell and Graham "made a mockery of their previous position." "Why even bother constructing a pretense for your position? Why say it's this rule or that rule, and then do the exact opposite when it suits your interests? Why not just come to the floor and say, ‘I'm going to do what's ever best for my political party. Consistency be damned, reason be damned, democracy be damned.’ Just admit it. There's no shaping the cravenness of this position," he said. RELATED: In Context: Is there a 'Biden Rule' on Supreme Court nominations in a presidential election year? Our ruling Schumer’s position in 2016 was to hold a hearing and a vote on a Supreme Court justice nominee in a presidential election year.  In 2020, his position has changed. He says the Senate should not confirm a new Supreme Court justice in a presidential election year. Schumer justifies his 2020 position by citing Ginsburg’s reported last wish and the precedent set by Republicans in 2016. Schumer said, "It is only right and it is only fair for us to abide by RBG’s last wish, that she be replaced when a new president is installed." Schumer’s stance on the confirmation of a Supreme Court justice during a presidential election year was different in 2016 and 2020. It’s a Full Flop.

Congress,Supreme Court,Charles Schumer

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Facebook posts

2020-09-17 00:00:00

a speech:

On confirming a Supreme Court nominee in a presidential election year.

Miriam Valverde

2020-09-21 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/04/donald-trump-jr/donald-trump-jr-misrepresents-joe-bidens-tax-plan/

Donald Trump Jr. misrepresents Joe Biden’s tax plan

Donald Trump Jr. claimed in a widespread tweet that former Vice President Joe Biden "wants to raise taxes on 82% of all Americans." The eldest son of President Donald Trump was repeating a refrain from the Republican National Convention, where Republican National Committee Chair Ronna McDaniel and Eric Trump made similar claims. But the claim is misleading. Joe Biden wants to raise taxes on 82% of all Americans.— Donald Trump Jr. (@DonaldJTrumpJr) September 2, 2020 Biden, the Democratic nominee for president, has pledged not to raise taxes on Americans making less than $400,000 per year, as we’ve reported. Independent tax analysts have found that his plan does not call for direct tax increases on anyone below that threshold. Tax analysts say the indirect effects of Biden’s proposal to raise the corporate tax rate could mean slightly lower after-tax incomes for some lower earners. By one analysis, about 82% of Americans would feel these effects — though for many, the hit would be small.  But that doesn’t mean 82% of Americans will have higher tax rates or owe more to the Internal Revenue Service, as the phrase "raise taxes" suggests.  "To the extent that the Trump campaign is using this figure to imply that individual income and payroll taxes will rise for 82% of Americans, the claim is misleading," said John Ricco, a senior analyst at the Penn Wharton Budget Model, which is the basis for the 82% figure. Biden’s pledge for no direct taxes under $400,000 Biden’s tax plan aims to raise up to $4 trillion in revenues over a decade, according to the Tax Policy Center. It would do so in part by rolling back some of the tax cuts for corporations and people with taxable incomes over $400,000 that Trump signed into law in 2017. Among Biden’s proposed changes, he would: Increase the top corporate tax rate from 21% to 28%. Raise the top federal marginal income tax rate for individuals to 39.6%. Place a 12.4% Social Security payroll tax on incomes above $400,000. Tax capital gains at the same rate as ordinary income for very high earners. Other independent groups have also examined Biden’s tax plan, including the Tax Foundation, the Penn Wharton Budget Model, the American Enterprise Institute and the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget. The groups have generally agreed that Biden’s plan largely targets corporations and the nation’s biggest earners. The Tax Policy Center, for example, estimated that more than 90% of the tax increases from Biden’s plan would be borne by the top 20% of earners. "No direct taxes are imposed on any household making less than $400,000 per year," the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget wrote in its analysis.  Garrett Watson, a senior policy analyst at the Tax Foundation, said there are some specific scenarios where Biden’s proposals related to itemized deductions, retirement benefits and payroll taxes could result in "potential direct tax hikes" for some households under $400,000. For example, in a scenario where one spouse makes more than $400,000 but the other incurs a loss that brings the adjusted gross income for their two-income household below $400,000, they could be hit by the Biden payroll tax, Watson said. In interviews, economic advisers to the Biden campaign said any final tax law would have mechanisms written in to prevent anybody making less than $400,000 from being inadvertently affected. "It’s not hard to have a ‘hold harmless’ provision to deal with any oddball cases that seem unlikely to even ever arise," said Gene Sperling, a campaign adviser who was director of the National Economic Council under Presidents Barack Obama and Bill Clinton. Lower earners could see small, indirect hits The groups that examined Biden’s tax plan also estimated that over time, some of the burden of Biden’s tax increases would fall to people making less than $400,000 in the form of lower wages or investment returns — indirect effects of the proposed corporate tax rate increase. These effects would be relatively small, and tax analysts say they make up the bulk of the hits dealt to lower earners under Biden’s tax plan. But they form the basis for Donald Trump Jr.’s claim that 82% of Americans would see their taxes raised. A Trump campaign spokesperson argued that the impact of the corporate tax rate increase is effectively a tax increase on individuals.  The Biden campaign, on the other hand, said the two are not equal. "Nobody filling out their 1040 is going to see a tax increase, and nobody would consider that type of economic impact as a tax increase, even if it happened," said Sperling. (AP Photo) According to the Tax Policy Center, the lowest 20% of earners would see their 2021 incomes drop by an average of $30 under Biden; the next would see an average loss of $110; the middle would see an average drop of $260; and the second-highest would see an average loss of $590.  The Penn Wharton Budget Model projects smaller average declines for 2021: $15 for the bottom 20%; $90 for the second quintile; $180 for the third quintile; and $360 for the fourth quintile. Trump Jr.’s 82% figure comes from the Penn Wharton Budget Model, which estimated what share of each income group would experience a tax change as a result of Biden’s proposals. A little math gets to 82% of people affected. But the concept of indirect effects "is distinct from how most normal people think about taxes," said Ricco, the Penn Wharton analyst. "Only families with adjusted gross incomes of more than $400,000 would be sending a larger check to the IRS, or having more federal taxes withheld from their paychecks," Ricco said. Those taxpayers were between the top 1% and 2% of filers in 2017, said Watson, the Tax Foundation analyst, citing the IRS. The Penn Wharton Budget Model also shows how Biden’s tax plan would affect Americans if the indirect effects of the corporate tax are excluded. With the corporate tax plan removed from the analysis, the average tax change drops to zero for the bottom 90% of earners. "We expect that between 1% and 2% of American families would see increases in individual income and payroll taxes," Ricco said.  Other considerations There are other aspects of Biden’s plans that aren’t reflected in independent tax analyses.  The Trump campaign, for example, said Biden’s plan to reinstate the penalty for not complying with the Affordable Care Act’s individual mandate should be thought of as a tax — which is in line with the Supreme Court’s reasoning when it upheld the mandate in 2012. The Biden campaign said it’s a fee, pointing to the Health and Human Services Department’s language. Economic advisers to the Biden campaign, meanwhile, said the tax analyses don’t account for Biden’s proposed tax credits and spending programs aimed at middle-class and lower earners. Those and other Biden proposals "will substantially boost middle-class incomes for families across the country," said Biden campaign spokesperson Andrew Bates.  Gordon Mermin, a senior research associate at the Tax Policy Center, said Biden has proposed many tax credits, including recent proposals for a refundable child- and dependent-care tax credit, a refundable tax credit for first-time homebuyers, and a low-income renters credit. If the Penn Wharton Budget Model factored in Biden’s tax credits — and it did not — then the 82% figure representing the percent of Americans who would experience changes to their after-tax incomes "would be substantially lower," Mermin said.  Ricco said the Penn Wharton analysis focused only on "revenue-raising provisions."  Our ruling Donald Trump Jr. said, "Joe Biden wants to raise taxes on 82% of all Americans." Trump inaccurately described an analysis from the Penn Wharton Budget Model. The 82% is a calculation made using the model’s estimates that represents the percentage of people whose after-tax incomes would change under Biden’s plan. But there’s a difference between a tax increase and the share of corporate tax increases borne by individual taxpayers in the form or lower investment returns or incomes. Biden has pledged not to directly raise taxes on people earning less than $400,000 per year.  Some Biden tax credits not included in Penn Wharton analysis could potentially offset some of the indirect hits posed to lower earners as a result of Biden’s proposed corporate tax hike. We rate this statement False.

Economy,Taxes,Donald Trump Jr.

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4478, 420, 5224, 3641, 627]

Bob Good

2020-09-20 00:00:00

a statement:

On confirming a Supreme Court nominee in a presidential election year.

Noah Y. Kim

2020-09-04 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/04/viral-image/people-are-dying-covid-19/

People are dying from COVID-19

A recent Facebook post rounds up a lot of misinformation about the coronavirus and presents it as fact.  "Covid-19 is NOT killing people," it says. "Weak immune systems and bad doctors are. The tests are rigged. The death count is false. Masks are useless. Hand sanitizer is toxic. Vaccines are poison. The government and media are lying."  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  We’ve already looked into several claims in the post.  COVID-19 tests aren’t rigged. A common cold won’t cause a false positive, the tests are not scientifically meaningless (though there’s new thinking about the most effective testing methods), and we’ve found no evidence that labs are deliberately manipulating test results.  The death count isn’t false. It’s at about 187,000 in the United States and rising. If anything, doctors say that there’s an undercount of COVID-19 cases in the U.S.  Masks aren’t useless. A growing body of evidence shows that wearing one can reduce transmission of COVID-19.  Health officials recommend using hand sanitizer to kill the coronavirus.  And we’ve debunked plenty of false claims about coronavirus vaccines in development, including that the vaccine has killed Ukranirans and kids.  So what about the allegation that the COVID-19 isn’t killing people — and that their weak immune systems are? Anyone — not just people who are immunocompromised — can catch COVID-19 if they are exposed to the virus, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  Some people are more likely than others to become severely ill: older adults and people with underlying medical conditions. The CDC also urges people with weakened immune systems to protect themselves from the disease.  "Many conditions and treatments can weaken a person’s immune system (making them ‘immunocompromised’)," the CDC says, listing examples such as cancer, bone marrow transplant and HIV.  The CDC found that of the people who died from COVID-19, 6% had only the coronavirus, while the rest had other conditions as well. But that doesn’t mean that only 6% of people actually died from COVID-19, as the president recently claimed.  Comorbidities are conditions that patients experience in tandem with a primary condition. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said in a recent interview with "Good Morning America" that it "does not mean that someone who has hypertension or diabetes who dies of COVID didn’t die of COVID-19 — they did." Dr. Allison Arwady, commissioner of the public health department in Chicago, explained during a news conference that coronavirus can exacerbate or cause health problems. "If, unfortunately, this person dies while they’re in the hospital, the doctor has to fill out the death certificate and you list things that this person had as well as what is the ultimate cause of death," she said.  Like Fauci, she said that these people are dying from COVID-19 — not their other conditions.  And young, healthy people do die from COVID-19, even if they represent a minority of the disease’s victims, according to the Proto, a publication from Massachusetts General Hospital.  We rate this Facebook post False.  

Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Viral image

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William Barr

2020-09-18 00:00:00

a tweet:

Says Sarah Jeong said, "We need a castration lottery for white men. Every month we pull a birthday, sort the excess and snip some sacks, preferably in a big public gathering."

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-09-04 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/04/debbie-mucarsel-powell/fact-checking-fla-rep-mucarsel-powells-attack-gime/

Fact-checking Fla. Rep. Mucarsel-Powell’s attack on Gimenez over bridge collapse

Claims of corruption in connection with a fatal bridge collapse are at the heart of an attack in a South Florida congressional race.  Democratic incumbent Rep. Debbie Mucarsel-Powell makes the attack against her Republican challenger, Miami-Dade County Mayor Carlos Gimenez, during a one-minute ad that claims "Corrupt Carlos" and his sons were "were connected to shady deal after shady deal, getting rich on our tax dollars." The toss-up race pits Mucarsel-Powell, who immigrated from Ecuador as a child and is finishing her first term in Washington, against Cuban-born Gimenez, who has served as mayor of Florida’s most populous county since 2011. It’s one of 18 pivotal House and Senate races up for election on Nov. 3 that PolitiFact is tracking. The main theme of Mucarsel-Powell’s campaign ad concerns the 2018 collapse of a pedestrian bridge at Florida International University in Miami, where Mucarsel-Powell once worked in the College of Health. The accident killed a bridge worker and five others, including Alexa Duran, an 18-year-old FIU student. Ten more were injured. The ad claims that Gimenez’s son C.J. Gimenez "lobbied for the company that built that failed FIU bridge" and that C.J’s brother, Julio Gimenez, worked at the firm. "And after the bridge collapsed and killed six people, Gimenez extended the company’s $130 million contract." The Gimenez sons did do work for the construction company during a period leading up to when the university announced that the company would be involved in the bridge’s construction, but they each cut formal ties before the bridge collapse. And while Carlos Gimenez did initially approve a contract extension following the bridge collapse for the company to do airport work, not bridge work, that extension was also ratified unanimously by a county board. The bridge collapse and blame Florida International University announced in February 2016 that Tallahassee-based FIGG Bridge Engineers and Miami’s MCM — also formerly known as Munilla Construction Management — would design and build a $9.3 million pedestrian bridge. It was projected to be finished by summer 2018. During construction on March 15, 2018, a 174-foot-long span fell about 18 feet onto a highway, crushing eight vehicles. "FIGG Bridge Engineers severely underestimated the demand on the bridge (and) significantly overestimated the bridge’s capacity," National Transportation Safety Board Chairman Robert Sumwalt said when the federal agency released its report on the accident in October 2019.  "Contributing to the severity of the collapse outcome was the failure" of FIGG, MCM and others to cease work when cracking in the section that failed "reached unacceptable levels," the report said. In May, Florida’s Department of Transportation announced it will launch a bid process for designing and building a new bridge. The Gimenez sons’ connections to MCM Carlos Gimenez’s wife, Lourdes Gimenez, is a cousin of the Munilla brothers, who run MCM, now known as Magnum Construction Management. Their son Julio Gimenez was a general superintendent at MCM from 2006 to 2012, according to his LinkedIn profile. He left shortly after his father’s election as mayor in June 2011, the Miami Herald reported. Another son, C.J. Gimenez, was a registered lobbyist for MCM as of January 2016, according to a Miami-Dade Expressway Authority web page posted by Mucarsel’s campaign. MCM has said he lobbied for the company in 2015. C.J. Gimenez offered the firm pro bono communications advice after the bridge collapse, according to someone who has spoken to him, the Miami Herald reported, without identifying that person. C.J. Gimenez and the firm both told the newspaper he had no official role with the firm. The MCM contract extension In February 2019, Carlos Gimenez administratively extended through August 2020 a contract the county had made with MCM in 2011 for work at Miami International Airport.  Five months later, he recommended that the Miami-Dade Board of County Commissioners ratify the extension. The board did so unanimously, although one commissioner later said he didn’t realize that that’s what he had voted for. Gimenez had said the extension with MCM, which filed for bankruptcy in March 2019 following the bridge collapse, would allow for continuity of work at the airport until a new contract could be approved.  The extension covered a $40 million piece of a $130 million contract. In response to the extension, the state Legislature passed a bill to require local airport authorities to abide by new ethics rules or lose state transportation money. It has not yet been presented to Gov. Ron DeSantis. Once it has, he has 15 days to take action.  "Once we receive the bill, the Governor will review the legislation and make a decision based on the best interest of Florida," a DeSantis spokesman said. Our ruling Mucarsel-Powell claimed that after a March 2018 bridge collapse that killed six people, Gimenez extended a $130 million contract to the construction company, where one of his sons worked and for which another lobbied. The two sons did work for the company in the period leading up to when Florida International University announced that the company would participate in the bridge construction, but cut formal ties before the bridge collapse. The Miami Herald reported that an unnamed source said C.J. Gimenez offered the firm pro bono communications advice after the bridge collapse.  Nearly a year after the accident, Gimenez extended part of a 2011 contract with the company for airport construction work. The county board approved the extension. For a statement that is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context, our rating is Half True.

County Budget,County Government,Infrastructure,Florida,Debbie Mucarsel-Powell

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Viral image

2020-09-18 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

A Time magazine cover shows Donald Trump looking at a child in a cage.

Bill McCarthy

2020-09-04 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/04/joe-biden/joe-biden-wrong-about-how-early-he-called-invoke-d/

Joe Biden wrong about how early he called to invoke the Defense Production Act

During an event to discuss school reopening amid the coronavirus pandemic, Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden repeated a talking point he’s used previously — that he was ahead of the curve in calling for the Defense Production Act to be used to boost manufacturing of high-demand health products, such as protective equipment. In a question-and-answer session with reporters following his Sept. 2 event in Wilmington, Del., Biden said, "When it got up to March, I kept saying, look, you’ve got to invoke, and you remember, I think I was the first — I may be mistaken — person calling about the Defense Production Act. … Use that authority. Use it to go out there now and don’t wait to talk about the need for us to have masks." Biden said he may be mistaken, and he is. But Biden made similar remarks in mid to late March, which our friends at FactCheck.org rated skeptically. Since he has continued to say it, we will put it on the Truth-O-Meter. Let’s take a fresh look. What is the Defense Production Act? The Defense Production Act was signed by President Harry Truman in 1950 and amended periodically since then. Broadly, it allows the federal government to take a stronger role in directing domestic manufacturing capabilities during a national emergency, according to the Congressional Research Service.  These powers allow the government to tell private businesses when and how to fulfill orders for essential goods. Over the years, its scope has been expanded from military needs to natural hazards, terrorist attacks, and other national emergencies. "The DPA is one of those seemingly obscure laws that is actually extraordinarily significant," Margaret O’Mara, a University of Washington historian who studies the connections between government and industry, told us in March. A look at the timeline The earliest discussion of using the Defense Production Act to combat the coronavirus came on Feb. 26, just three weeks after the first coronavirus death in the United States. Here’s a rundown: Feb. 26: New York City emergency management commissioner Deanne Criswell, at a press conference with Mayor Bill de Blasio, speaking about masks, said, "There's just a long waiting list and the only way to fulfill that is by the federal government. They have means where they can enact the Defense Production Act and get people to produce these more quickly." Feb. 28: Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar said at a White House roundtable for the media: "We will use the Defense Production Act as necessary to enable that our contracts go to the front of the line on contracting. That is an authority that we have, and we intend to use it to acquire anything that we need to acquire. We won't use it unnecessarily, of course. We don't want to be disruptive if that's not needed. But if we need to, we will use it. We won't hesitate." March 1: Azar said in an appearance on Fox News Sunday, "Right now, we are initiating the procurement processes for personal protective equipment, so that would be masks, as well as gowns, gloves, etc. We've got that process initiated. We're gathering information from potential vendors." Asked by host Chris Wallace whether that would be using authority under the act, Azar said, "If we need to." March 13: A letter from 57 House Democrats urged the president to "use the powers afforded by" the Defense Production Act "to begin the mass production of supplies." March 15: Sen. Edward Markey, D-Mass., released a statement about a letter he wrote to the White House urging use of the Defense Production Act.  March 15: During the evening Democratic debate, Biden did not mention the Defense Production Act (nor did any of the other candidates). Biden pointed to his coronavirus plan on his campaign website, but that version of the plan did not include the Defense Production Act. March 17: At a White White House coronavirus task force press briefing, Trump himself was asked, "Do you need to invoke the Defense Production Act to get more of those medical supplies to different hospitals across the country?" He answered, "Well, we're able to do that if we have to. Right now we haven't had to, but it's certainly ready." March 18: In the first statement we could locate by Biden on the issue, he released a statement urging the administration to "prioritize and immediately increase domestic production of any critical medical equipment required to respond to this crisis — such as the production of ventilators and associated training to operate — by invoking the Defense Production Act." March 18: Trump signed an executive order citing the authority of the act to curb the spread of coronavirus. He specifically mentioned Title I, part of which involves prioritizing contracts that serve national emergency goals over any other contracts or orders. Trump’s executive order specifically named "personal protective equipment and ventilators."  Later that day, Trump indicated a certain reluctance in a tweet. "I only signed the Defense Production Act to combat the Chinese Virus should we need to invoke it in a worst case scenario in the future. Hopefully there will be no need, but we are all in this TOGETHER!" Biden’s campaign did not respond to an inquiry seeking earlier comments by the candidate about the Defense Production Act. It’s worth noting that while several contracts have been awarded under the act’s authority, critics have said that Trump hasn’t used the Defense Production Act to its fullest extent. Several experts made this case to the New York Times in late July. Trump has not used the act "to create a permanent, sustainable, redundant, domestic supply chain for all things pandemic: testing, swabs, N95 masks, etc.," Jamie Baker, a former legal adviser to the National Security Council and a professor of national security law at Syracuse University, told the Times. Still, even if Biden agrees that Trump’s follow-through has been weak, it doesn’t mean that he was the first official to call for the Defense Production Act to be used. Our ruling Biden has said several times he was the first person calling for use of the Defense Production Act.  But Biden was far from the first. A full 18 days before Biden made his first public comment on the act, Trump’s Health and Human Services secretary had publicly floated the idea, and Trump made it official the same day Biden made his remarks. In between, dozens of Democratic lawmakers publicly called for the act to be used, and Biden did not mention it in a Democratic primary debate. We rate the statement False.

Military,Public Health,Coronavirus,Joe Biden

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Charles Schumer

2020-08-31 00:00:00

an ad:

Says he was the first person to call for invoking the Defense Production Act.

Louis Jacobson

2020-09-04 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/19/facebook-posts/progressive-group-highlights-trump-tillis-weakness/

Progressive group highlights Trump, Tillis weakness on insulin price tags

During the first presidential debate of 2020, President Donald Trump touted his efforts to curb skyrocketing drug prices and declared that insulin is now "so cheap, it’s like water." The response on social media was swift, and divided, with some people sharing pharmacy bills showing thousands of dollars they’d spent on insulin, while others boasted of newfound savings. The next day, a self-described progressive political action committee called Change Now jumped into the fray by releasing an ad that circulated on Facebook attacking Trump and Sen. Thom Tillis, R-N.C., on this issue. In the 30-second ad, a North Carolina woman in her 30s explains she was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes at age 4. "Donald Trump and Thom Tillis opposed legislation that would lower the price of insulin and other prescription drugs," she says. "People with diabetes can’t afford to wait for Trump and Tillis to fight for us. ... We need affordable insulin now." (Posts sharing the quote were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its news feed. Read more about PolitiFact’s partnership with Facebook.) In recent years, politicians on both sides of the aisle have committed to addressing the cost of insulin. This election cycle — coinciding with a looming threat to the Affordable Care Act and millions of people losing jobs and employer-sponsored health insurance during the pandemic — the high price of prescription drugs has gained new significance. Tillis is in one of the most heated Senate races in the country and has been repeatedly criticized by his opponent for receiving more than $400,000 in campaign contributions from the pharmaceutical and health product industries. Across the country, many voters say lowering prescription drug costs should be the top health priority for elected officials. So, did Trump and Tillis really oppose policies that would accomplish that goal? We decided to take a closer look. It turns out they’ve both opposed certain pieces of legislation that could have lowered the price of insulin and other prescription drugs, but they’ve also offered alternatives. The question is how aggressive those alternatives are and how many Americans would benefit from them. Opposing the strongest reforms Change Now pointed to two congressional bills to support the ad’s claim: one opposed by Trump, and the other by Tillis. The first bill, known as H.R. 3, passed the House in December 2019, largely due to Democratic votes. It contains three main elements: decreasing out-of-pocket costs for people on Medicare, penalizing pharmaceutical companies that raise the price of drugs faster than the rate of inflation and — the most aggressive and controversial feature — allowing the federal government, which administers Medicare, to negotiate the price of certain drugs, including insulin. It also requires manufacturers to offer those agreed-on prices to private insurers, extending the benefits to a wider swath of Americans. Stacie Dusetzina, an associate professor of health policy at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, called it "the broadest-reaching policy that has been put forward" on drug pricing. "While a lot of reform has focused on Medicare beneficiaries, that misses many insulin users," Dusetzina said. "H.R. 3 does the most to affect prices for young consumers, like the woman in the ad." At the time, Trump vowed to veto that bill, saying the price controls it imposed "would likely undermine access to lifesaving medications" by decreasing the incentive for companies to innovate. When we checked in with the Trump campaign about the ad, a spokesperson reiterated this position, adding that the president continues to seek better legislative options. The House bill in question, though, never made it to the president’s desk because the Senate didn’t take it up. Instead, the Senate Finance Committee proposed its own bill, which brings us to the second piece of legislation cited by Change Now. Known as the Prescription Drug Pricing Reduction Act of 2019, the Senate bill echoes two aims of the House proposal: decreasing out-of-pocket costs for people on Medicare and putting an inflation-based cap on some drug prices. That bill, too, stalled, with several Republican senators wary of the inflation cap. Among them was Tillis, who expressed concern that the measure could hamper innovation. So it’s true that Trump and Tillis have both opposed legislation that could lower the cost of insulin and other prescription drugs. But that’s not the full picture of what either politician has done on this issue. Alternative solutions for a smaller group of Americans The Trump campaign provided a long list of actions taken by his administration to curb the high costs of medication, including a flurry of executive orders related to insulin and prescription drugs. Tillis’ campaign highlighted an alternative bill the senator co-sponsored to target drug costs. Let’s break them down one at a time. One of Trump’s orders aims to have Federally Qualified Health Centers provide insulin and EpiPens at a discounted rate to the low-income individuals they serve. These centers, however, are already required to offer sliding-scale payments, and a full discount to patients who earn below the federal poverty line, said Rachel Sachs, an associate professor of law at Washington University in St. Louis, who tracks drug-pricing laws. Another order deals with the importation of drugs from Canada, where they are often cheaper. Although the order specifically excludes biologic drugs, including insulin, the administration has requested proposals from private companies on how insulin could be safely brought in from other countries. The president also issued a particularly ambitious order that seeks to tie the price Medicare pays for drugs to a lower international reference price. The Trump administration, however, hasn’t released final regulations to implement that policy, which could take years. If implemented, the policy is expected to be challenged in court by the drug industry. Perhaps the most notable measure on insulin at the moment, experts said, is a federal demonstration project that Medicare plans can voluntarily opt into, to cap the monthly copay for insulin at $35 for some seniors. The project is slated to begin in January 2021, but its long-term future is uncertain, Sachs said, because it relies on parts of the Affordable Care Act, which could be struck down by a Supreme Court ruling later this year. In Congress, Tillis and five other Republican senators introduced an alternative drug-pricing bill last December, called the Lower Costs, More Cures Act. Tillis believes this is "the better option," campaign spokesperson Andrew Romeo said, because "in addition to helping control drug prices, the legislation also seeks to preserve America's capacity to research and develop lifesaving medications." It includes a monthly cap on insulin copays for Medicare beneficiaries and requires manufacturers to disclose prices in consumer ads. But experts said Tillis’ proposal is weaker than other options before the House and Senate. It doesn’t include an inflation cap, Sachs said, and the bill’s benefit would likely be limited to some seniors on Medicare, leaving out the more than 150 million Americans covered by private insurance. Jason Roberts, an associate professor of political science at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, said the bill is largely symbolic. "Tillis is getting hit for not supporting a bill that could move," Roberts said. "Instead, he introduces something that has no chance of going anywhere, and he knows that. But it’s a way of trying to deflect that criticism without getting a lot accomplished." Our ruling An ad sponsored by a progressive political action committee claims that Trump and Tillis have opposed legislation that would decrease the cost of insulin and other prescription drugs. Based on the two pieces of drug-pricing legislation Change Now points to, that’s accurate. Trump and Tillis have voiced opposition to prominent bills that experts say could decrease the cost of insulin for a broad group of Americans. Both politicians have proposed alternative policies to lower the price of insulin and other prescription drugs, but most of their proposals have not taken effect yet and are largely targeted at seniors. We rate the claim Mostly True.

North Carolina,Health Check,Facebook posts

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Brian Kolfage

2020-08-21 00:00:00

a speech

Photo shows Whoopi Goldberg wearing a shirt insulting Donald Trump.

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-10-19 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/19/afscme/arizona-house-race-attack-ad-zeroes-prescription-d/

Arizona House race attack ad zeroes in on prescription drug prices

Handicappers rate the House race in Arizona’s 6th Congressional District as a toss-up, with the edge going to the Republican incumbent, David Schweikert.  The high cost of prescription drugs resonates in retiree-heavy Arizona and a major union backing Democrat Hiral Tipirneni in the race has taken Schweikert to task for his voting record on the issue. "David Schweikert took over $120,000 from the drug industry and voted against legislation to lower prescription drug prices," an Oct. 7 Facebook ad from the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees said. Schweikert did get that much money from the pharmaceutical sector in his time in office. And he did vote against a major Democratic bill that outside analysts said would push down drug prices. On the other hand, Schweikert backed a Republican bill that would have insulated millions of Medicare recipients from out-of-pocket costs, without doing as much to drive down drug prices.  In this fact-check, we look at how both bills tackled rising prices, and whether protecting some patients from higher costs is the same as reining in underlying prices themselves. We made several efforts to connect with Schweikert’s staff and did not hear back. The campaign money According to the Center of Responsive Politics, since 2011, Schweikert received $124,902 from the pharmaceutical/health supply sector. His support grew from a low of $10,100 in the 2014 election cycle, to $39,102 in the current one. The industry went from being Schweikert’s 26th largest donor in 2012, to being his eighth largest today. Schweikert and the dueling drug bills In December 2019, the House passed the Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act on a largely party line vote. (No Democrats voted against the bill and only two Republicans voted for it.) Under the bill’s most sweeping element, the government would negotiate with drug companies on the prices of as many as 250 drugs. Those prices wouldn’t simply apply to government insurance programs like Medicare. Private insurers could use them, too. The Congressional Budget Office estimated that in the course of 10 years, this would reduce government spending by $456 billion. The CBO left no uncertainty over the bill’s impact. "The lower prices under the bill would immediately lower current and expected future revenues for drug manufacturers, change manufacturers’ incentives, and have broad effects on the drug market," the CBO told Congress. The CBO also estimated that the revenue reductions would have an impact on the drug industry. Overall, it would stand in the way of between eight and 15 new drugs coming to market over the decade. The drug industry’s leading trade group, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, vigorously opposed the Democratic bill, warning of "devastating" effects on drug innovation and jobs in the pharmaceutical sector. The bill also pressured drug makers to reduce prices on many drugs covered by Medicare. If the price of a drug had gone up faster than inflation, the company could either cut the price, or pay a rebate to Washington. The Republican bill — the Lower Costs, More Cures Act — did not include either of those two Democratic elements. But the two parties found something approaching common ground on the topic of capping out-of-pocket costs for Medicare recipients, although the levels of the caps differed. The Republicans capped out-of-pocket costs at $3,100, and the Democrats capped them lower, at $2,000.  There were a number of other elements in both bills, but these three pieces capture the bulk of the moves that would directly affect what people pay for prescription drugs. Here’s a summary: Schweikert voted against the Democratic bill, and was one of 147 co-sponsors of the Republican bill. Capping costs vs. lowering prices From the point of view of anyone on Medicare facing the high cost of prescription drugs, a cap on out-of-pocket costs would deliver welcome relief. Both the Republican and Democratic proposals would help millions of people.  Both bills would insulate Medicare recipients from the highest costs, said University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill health care policy professor Jonathan Oberlander, but it’s reach is limited. "A cap can of course provide meaningful help to those who spend large amounts on medications," Oberlander said. "But it doesn’t help those subject to high prices whose total spending is still under the cap." Georgetown University professor Jack Hoadly said, "Help with out-of-pocket costs does not address drug prices." "It simply transfers more of the cost to either the government or the drug plan," Hoadly said. "Eventually those costs will come back to beneficiaries in higher premiums." The Republican bill did include some elements that indirectly could keep prices lower. It aimed to stop drug makers from abusing patent protections and blocking the entry of cheaper generic drugs. "Over time that could have an impact on prices," said Washington University in St. Louis law professor Rachel Sachs. In contrast, Sachs said, the Democratic bill targeted drug prices directly with impacts that went beyond Medicare beneficiaries. "Either through negotiating with the drug makers or discouraging them from raising prices faster than inflation, that would touch a broad cross section of Americans," Sachs said. The Congressional Budget Office analysis gave an idea of how much money taxpayers would save on prescription drugs under the Democratic bill. The CBO did not do a similar analysis of the Republican measure.  But analyst Juliette Cubanski at the Kaiser Family Foundation, a neutral source of health care policy data, said if the CBO had scored the Republican bill "it would definitely have gotten a much smaller savings estimate."  "HR3 (the Democratic bill) included more provisions than HR19 (the Republican bill)  to cap drug price increases and attempt to lower prices overall," Cubanski said.  Our ruling A Facebook ad from the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees said Schweikert got over $120,000 from the drug industry and voted against a bill to lower prescription drug prices.  Schweikert received $124,902 from the drug and health products industry since he entered Congress. He voted against a bill that would have had a significant impact on drug prices and was projected to cut industry revenues by hundreds of billions of dollars over 10 years. He backed a bill that would insulate millions of Medicare recipients from high out-of-pocket costs. According to multiple independent assessments, that alone would not drive down prices. Some measures in the bill could reduce some drug prices over time through competition from generic drugs. We rate this claim Mostly True.  

Arizona,National,Health Care,AFSCME

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Viral image

2020-09-02 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Photo shows “the aftermath of the ‘CHOP’ Zone’ in Seattle, WA. July 2020.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-10-19 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/19/joe-cunningham/sc-house-candidate-nancy-mace-hedges-doesnt-outrig/

SC House candidate Nancy Mace hedges, but doesn’t outright confirm climate change

The re-election campaign of U.S. Rep. Joe Cunningham, D-S.C., created a website for attacking his opponent, Republican state Rep. Nancy Mace. "Nancy Mace denies climate change" is one of Cunningham’s claims on MaceFacts.com. In statements made since September, Mace has not always ruled out the impact of human beings, but she has consistently resisted an embrace of climate change. Several times, she has suggested the science is inconclusive.  The race The race pitting Mace, a state representative since 2018, against first-time House member Cunningham is one of 18 pivotal House and Senate contests up for election on Nov. 3 that PolitiFact is tracking.  The Cook Political Report rates the match-up as "lean Democratic," meaning the race is competitive but Cunningham has an advantage. Climate change  According to NASA, the Earth’s climate has changed throughout history. But "the current warming trend is of particular significance because most of it is extremely likely — greater than 95% probability — to be the result of human activity since the mid-20th century and proceeding at a rate that is unprecedented over decades to millennia." Evidence for the "rapid climate change" includes a global temperature rise, warming of the oceans and shrinking ice sheets. Here’s a look at six sets of statements Mace has made, focusing on instances where she has spoken at some length. "Not clear cut" At a Sept. 3 event sponsored by the Post and Courier, a newspaper in Charleston, a reporter who said he was posing a question from a reader asked Mace if she believes in climate change. Mace began her answer by saying:  "I’m kind of mixed on this. I’m not a scientist, and I’ve read science on both sides of this issue. To me, it’s not clear cut. I know that here in downtown Charleston, we’re seeing rising sea levels. And that could be a product of the climate, but that’s also partially a product of the peninsula being largely built on landfill in many places." When the reporter followed up by asking Mace what she’s not sure about, Mace said: "So, if you look at the history of Earth, we’ve had climate changes many times, over 130 times over millions of years. And so part of it might be man-made; part of it might be just natural environmental causes as part of the cycle of Earth." She added: "I think it’s more complicated than people really realize. You can’t say one or the other when there’s data on both sides of the issue. And I read about scientists that have flipped from one side to the other — both ways — so it’s hard to understand and know which one is right." "Up for debate" The Washington Examiner reported Sept. 11 that it asked Mace to clarify her position on climate change.  Mace replied, according to the newspaper, that "she is ‘not a scientist’ and acknowledged sea levels are rising, but whether it is caused by ‘man-made’ climate change or natural reasons is ‘up for debate.’" "Consider all available data" In a questionnaire, the Post and Courier asked Cunningham and Mace: "Do you believe in climate change?" The answers were published Sept. 13, with Mace saying: "I’m not a scientist, but I do know we should consider all available data. South Carolina’s 1st Congressional District is in a unique part of the country subject to massive flooding and Atlantic storms, compounded by our low elevation." "Science is never settled" At their first debate, on Sept. 28, Cunningham and Mace were asked if they "agree with the overwhelming majority of scientists who say that climate change is happening due to manmade greenhouse emissions leading to an increase in extreme weather events." Mace replied: "My opponent is going to tell you I’m a climate denier, which is dishonest. My opponent has said that the science is settled on this. Well, the science is never settled. Scientists will tell you that. I look at the issue from every angle and try to find a solution, as I’ve done as a state lawmaker. Scientists once said the Earth was flat and it’s not, and so these things are evolving, as well." "Over 130 climate changes" At their second and final scheduled debate, on Oct. 7, Cunningham and Mace were asked about what has caused a recent rise in the sea level in the area and what they would do about it. Mace said: "Our Earth has had over 130 climate changes over its history. We are facing great climate change. We’re seeing an increase in the number of hurricanes, sea levels are rising." Some science says man contributes In response to Cunningham’s attack, Mace’s campaign cited to PolitiFact an article published Oct. 14 in the Charleston City Paper. The newspaper said it asked Mace if humans are causing climate change, and she responded: "Does man contribute to it? I mean, a lot of the science says that,  too, but I want to stay informed and do as much as we can, but the other thing that’s important to me is that we just cannot simply rely on the United States (to address it)." Our ruling Cunningham’s claim that Mace "denies climate change" is accurate, but needs some clarification. Mace has hedged on the issue, saying the science isn’t conclusive. We rate Cunningham’s claim Mostly True.

Climate Change,Joe Cunningham

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Viral image

2020-08-26 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Donald Trump and Thom Tillis opposed legislation that would lower the price of insulin and other prescription drugs.”

Aneri Pattani

2020-10-19 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/19/facebook-posts/childs-presence-school-doesnt-automatically-enroll/

A child’s presence at school doesn’t automatically enroll them in a WHO vaccine program

A Facebook post implies that sending your child to school will automatically enroll them in one of the World Health Organization’s vaccination programs.  The post features an image of the WHO’s logo. Text above the image reads, "BREAKING: WHO now says your child’s presence in school counts as ‘informed consent’ for vaccination - parental presence not required." The post doesn’t provide any sources or supporting evidence. We found that it misleadingly describes the way in which the WHO defines informed consent. In addition, according to legal experts, the WHO has no power to determine public health policy in the United States or any other member country.  The WHO’s "informed consent" recommendations According to the WHO press office, the organization recommends that member countries instituting child vaccination programs receive consent from a parent or guardian through one of three different mechanisms: verbal, written, or implied.  The first two mechanisms are straightforward: Verbal consent means that a parent or guardian has accompanied their child to a vaccination and agreed to it in person. Written consent means that a parent or guardian has given their approval of the vaccination in writing.  The third mechanism, implied consent, is the most relevant to the claims of the post. According to the WHO, parents grant implied consent when they send their children to a vaccination session after being notified by health authorities that vaccinations will occur at that particular time and place.  For example, the WHO said in an email, "the presence of the child at school on the vaccination date may be taken as implied consent if the parents have been informed that the vaccination would take place and given the opportunity to opt out or take appropriate steps to express their desire to do so." The WHO published a document describing the difference between written, verbal, and implied forms of consent in 2014. The document notes that there are problems with implied consent, and it encourages countries to adopt other consent mechanisms "that ensure that parents have been informed and agreed to the vaccination." The WHO has no legal power in the United States Something else to keep in mind as you see posts like these: The WHO does not control public health policy in the United States.  According to experts in global health law, the organization has no legal power in any of its member countries. The U.S. is still a member country of the WHO, although President Trump officially started the yearlong process to withdraw from the organization on Jul. 6, 2020. "The WHO’s legal structure cannot dictate what goes on on the ground in individual countries, or municipalities," said Teneille Brown, a professor of law and bioethics at the University of Utah S.J. Quinney College of Law.  Lawrence Gostin, a professor of global health law at Georgetown University who advises the WHO, agreed with Brown.  "There are certain WHO treaties to which the U.S. has voluntarily signed up, like the International Health Regulations. But these treaties do not control U.S. law and there is nothing in the IHR that would require vaccination. That is solely within the U.S. sovereign power," he wrote in an email.  When asked point blank whether the WHO has any ability whatsoever to dictate vaccination policy in the United States, Gostin replied, "Absolutely not." Our ruling A Facebook post says, the "WHO now says your child’s presence in school counts as ‘informed consent’ for vaccination - parental presence not required." The WHO told us that a child’s presence at school would only count as consent if a parent has received advance notice of a planned immunization and been given ample opportunity to opt out. Even if the post had accurately described a public statement by the WHO, the organization has no ability to determine vaccine policy in the United States. We rate this post False. ​

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-10-15 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Federal law requires people to speak English to be naturalized as American citizens.”

Ilana Strauss

2020-10-18 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/16/caleb-rowden/rowden-did-not-fully-fund-k-12-education-first-tim/

Rowden did not fully fund K-12 education for the first time in Missouri history

State Sen. Caleb Rowden is trying his best to keep Missouri’s 19th District red with campaign ads stretched across social media touting his efforts in office. Rowden and his opponent, Democrat Judy Baker, have stressed public education, which has been historically underfunded by the state. A recent Facebook ad by Rowden’s campaign asks users to "like" his page "to help re-elect State Senator Caleb Rowden who fully funded Missouri K-12 education for the first time in state history."  What does it mean to "fully fund" public education? And does Rowden deserve credit? A foundation to build upon Missouri’s K-12 education is funded by a mix of local, state, and federal sources, with state sources accounting for about 40% of the total funds each year, according to the Missouri Budget Project. For decades, Missouri has been using what is called the foundation formula to determine the level of state funding for each of the more than 500 school districts in the state. This in turn provides a state funding target each fiscal year.  According to the State & Regional Fiscal Studies Unit at the University of Missouri, the foundation formula has gone through many revisions due to changing economic circumstances, court rulings, and modifications in how real and personal property is taxed in the state.  When the 1993 formula was deemed obsolete, a new foundation formula was adopted on July 1, 2006. It determines each district’s state aid by multiplying the weighted average daily attendance, which accounts for low-income, special education, and limited English proficiency students, by that of the minimum amount that will be spent on students in all districts to ensure all students receive an adequate education. That number is then adjusted based on local funding and local cost of living. Kim Rueben, director of the State and Local Finance Initiative at the Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center, told us that the legislature has to meet the total dollar amount determined by the formula for K-12 education to be considered fully funded. "It isn't necessarily uncommon for formulas or guarantees not to be fully funded," Rueben said.  The current formula wasn’t fully funded until 2017 for the 2018 fiscal year. It was again fully funded the following year.  So what did Rowden do? Rowden did not respond to our requests for evidence to support the claim in his Facebook ad. But in April 2017, the Kansas City Star reported that a bipartisan group of senators voted on an amendment to fully fund K-12 education "for the first time in history."  Rowden did not sponsor the amendment. But the senator, who was sworn into office three months earlier, was among the 19 "yeas" to add $45 million and bring public education funding to a total of $3.4 billion, matching the formula’s yearly funding target.  We wondered whether previous formulas had been fully funded. So we asked someone who helped draft the prior formula in 1993, Otto Fajen, the legislative director at the Missouri National Education Association.  "There has been multiple, sustained years of a fully funded K-12 education formula, as it stood under law at that time, throughout the ‘90s," Fajen said.  The Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education provided us with a table that proves K-12 education was fully funded for the fiscal years 1994 through 2001. Our ruling Rowden said he "fully funded Missouri K-12 education for the first time in state history."  He voted to approve a 2017 budget amendment to fully fund K-12. But he wasn’t a sponsor. And public education was fully funded in a previous formula for at least eight consecutive years from 1994 to 2001.  The statement is not accurate. We rate this claim False.

Education,State Budget,Missouri,Caleb Rowden

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Facebook posts

2020-10-13 00:00:00

an onl

Says Kanye West got 40,000 votes in the presidential election in Kentucky.

Samantha Putterman

2020-09-21 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/21/facebook-posts/no-prudential-center-newark-not-only-person-pollin/

No, Prudential Center in Newark is not the only in-person polling place in New Jersey

When Newark, N.J., Mayor Ras J. Baraka and election officials announced a sports arena, the Prudential Center, would be "a super polling site" on Election Day, Baraka said the move would make voting more accessible and hailed it as a shown "commitment to the democratic process." Others saw it differently.  After media coverage, a claim on Facebook began circulating that the Prudential Center would be the only in-person polling location available on Election Day. The center is used as an entertainment venue that can host up to 17,000 people at a time and the home arena for the New Jersey Devils hockey and Seton Hall basketball teams. "Phil Murphy only allowing in-person voting on Election Day at Prudential Center in Newark," reads a recent post by NJ Citizens for a Free State.  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  New Jersey Democratic Gov. Phil Murphy announced in August that the state would send mail-in ballots to all registered voters. He also said the state would still offer voters the option to cast their ballots in person.  In-person polling locations before Election Day will be available for only the visually impaired, according to the Essex County Board of Elections. But Murphy’s executive order directs counties to provide at least half their usual polling sites on Election Day so voters can cast their ballots in person, by provisional ballot, if they want.  Counties are supposed to choose polling locations based on geography and population density. In Essex County alone, dozens of polling locations are typically offered.  However, the order does allow counties to concentrate more voting districts into one larger polling place. The city said the Prudential Center "will be able to fit more voting districts in this one site." Decisions on final polling sites are made by the individual counties, not the governor. So what exactly is a "super polling site"?  At the Prudential Center in Newark, voters will be allowed to cast their provisional ballots on the first floor from 6 a.m. to 8 p.m. on Election Day, according to the city. The center will also be a place that accepts mail-in ballots, registers voters, and holds a satellite office for early vote counts by the county. (A lawsuit by President Donald Trump’s campaign is currently trying to stop early vote canvassing.) The Prudential Center won’t be the only place to drop off ballots, either. The governor’s order requires counties to provide at least 10 easily accessible drop boxes, where voters can return their ballots ahead of Nov. 3. Ballots must be postmarked by 8 p.m. on Election Day and received by election boards up to a week later to get counted. New Jersey this year joined several other states that conduct all vote-by-mail elections as a way to combat the challenges around voting during a pandemic. Some Western states — Washington, Oregon and Colorado — have done this for years. This November, nine states and DC will send all registered voters mail-in ballots. Our ruling The Facebook post claimed that Murphy is "only allowing in-person voting on Election Day at Prudential Center in Newark, N.J., "calling it a #SuperPollingStation." The Prudential Center is being offered as a "super polling site" on Election Day, when voters who don’t want to cast their ballots by mail can show up and vote in person with a provisional ballot.  But it won’t be the only in-person polling site available. Murphy in August specifically mandated that every county provide polling locations on Election Day to give voters the option of casting their ballots in person.  We rate this claim Mostly False.

New Jersey,Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-09-20 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“PHIL MURPHY ONLY ALLOWING IN PERSON VOTING ON Election Day AT PRUDENTIAL CENTER IN NEWARK NJ - Calling it a #SuperPollingStation”

Jon Greenberg

2020-09-21 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/21/numbers-usa/fact-checking-facebook-post-about-polling-legal-im/

Fact-checking Facebook post about polling on legal immigration

A Facebook post from a group that favors strict immigration policies claimed that nearly 2 out of 3 Americans want to significantly cut the number of people who legally migrate to the United States every year. "Nearly 2 out of 3 Americans want to reduce legal immigration from 1 million per year down to 500,000 or less," said the Sept. 13 Facebook post from NumbersUSA. The post cites as its source a January 2018 poll from the Center for American Political Studies at Harvard and The Harris Poll. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) In the January 2018 poll, nearly two-thirds of Americans said the country should legally admit fewer than 500,000 immigrants each year. The poll question did not ask specifically whether respondents favored an increase or decrease, or provide the current number of immigrants who receive lawful permanent resident status.   In another poll, when people were asked if the country should admit fewer, the same or more immigrants, more than 70% said the system should stay the same or be expanded. That poll question similarly did not mention how many immigrants are given a green card per year. Legal immigration is about 1 million people per year The number of people granted lawful permanent residence (a green card) annually hasn’t changed significantly under President Donald Trump, according to the latest data released by the Department of Homeland Security. That number remains around 1 million. It includes people who are newly arriving in the United States and those who have been in the country for some time and are changing their immigration status. Trump has advocated for lower levels of legal immigration and has reduced the number of refugees allowed into the country per year. But he has been less successful in his efforts to eliminate the visa lottery program and to change the legal immigration system so that it favors people with college degrees instead of family members of U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents. 2018 poll cited by NumbersUSA The Harvard-Harris online survey was done Jan. 13-16, 2018, among 1,962 registered voters in the United States. The polling group said that a second flash poll — on taxes and immigration — was done Jan. 17-19 among 980 registered voters. Overall, the pollsters found that most voters support some level of legal immigration, but tended to prefer levels that are below current levels. One of the questions said: "In your opinion, about how many legal immigrants should be admitted to the U.S. each year?" The respondents could choose among several ranges, but the question didn’t mention how many people are currently admitted through the legal immigration system and did not directly ask respondents whether they favored an increase or decrease.  A combined 63% supported admitting no more than 499,999 immigrants legally into the country each year. That’s nearly 2 out of 3. Here’s a breakdown: RELATED: Donald Trump’s immigration promises: failures and achievements Other polling Other polling groups, including Gallup and the General Social Survey, have also polled voters about immigration levels, with questions that are phrased differently from the January 2018 Harvard-Harris poll. Gallup in June 2018 asked: "Thinking now about immigrants — that is, people who come from other countries to live here in the United States, in your view, should LEGAL immigration be kept at its present level, increased or decreased?" A quarter said it should decrease, 34% said it should increase, 38% said it should stay at present level, and 3% had no opinion.  A late 2018 survey from the Public Religion Research Institute said that Americans were divided on restrictions on legal immigration. A slim majority of Americans, 51%, favored passing a law that placed stricter limits on the number of immigrants legally coming to the U.S., while nearly 47% opposed such a law, the survey found.  In a poll this year, Gallup asked: "Thinking now about immigrants — that is, people who come from other countries to live here in the United States — in your view, should immigration be kept at its present level, increased or decreased?" In that poll, 28% said immigration should be decreased, 34% said it should be increased, 36% said it should stay at the present level, and 3% had no opinion. The question did not specify whether it was about legal immigration, as the previous Gallup question did, and it did not ask respondents to specify the number of immigrants to be admitted, as did the Harvard-Harris poll.  The Harvard-Harris poll and the other polls are essentially asking about the same topic, but asking in two completely different ways, Chris Chmielenski, deputy director at NumbersUSA, told PolitiFact. Chmielenski said he thinks most people probably don’t realize that about 1 million people a year get green cards. If that fact and similar context were included in polling questions, he argued, then more people would say they want to reduce legal immigration. Our ruling A NumbersUSA Facebook post said, "Nearly 2 out of 3 Americans want to reduce legal immigration from 1 million per year down to 500,000 or less." In a January 2018 poll, nearly two-thirds of Americans said the country should legally admit fewer than 500,000 immigrants each year. The poll question did not point out that 1 million people get green cards each year, or ask respondents specifically whether they favored a reduction or increase. So the NumbersUSA’s claim about Americans wanting to reduce legal immigration is a stretch from the poll's phrasing. Other polls have found broader public support — as much as 72% — for keeping immigration levels the same or increasing them. The Facebook post is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it Half True.

Immigration,Polls and Public Opinion,NumbersUSA

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Caleb Rowden

2020-09-18 00:00:00

a post on Facebook:

On confirming a Supreme Court justice nominee in a presidential election year.

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-12-11 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/11/royce-west/examining-black-history-texas-senate/

Examining Black history of the Texas Senate

The monuments and paintings of Confederate leaders that adorn the Texas Capitol became a subject of debate last year as Senate Republicans approved a bill that would have made it harder to remove or relocate historic monuments, including those memorializing Confederate figures. Those discussions resumed last month during a hearing of a Senate committee empaneled by Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick charged with reviewing the history of the Confederate portraits in the Senate chamber. That committee, the Senate Chamber Review Committee, is composed of five Republicans and three Democrats, including the only two Black members of the Senate — Sens. Royce West, D-Dallas, and Borris Miles, D-Houston. As the hearing got underway, West took a moment to recognize what he believed was a milestone. "I just want to make sure that I make a note that this is the first time in history, during my tenure as senator for the past 27 years, that two African Americans have ever served on the same committee," West said. "I personally want to thank the lieutenant governor for making that happen, even though it is dealing with the issue of Confederate monuments." "I’m sure glad you noted that," responded Sen. Bryan Hughes, R-Mineola, who chairs the committee. "Everything we do here is a part of history, and when something like that happens, we need to drive a stake in the ground and note it." Black members first served in the Texas Senate during Reconstruction, when recently freed slaves won the right to vote and run for political office. During this era, three Black senators were elected to the Texas Senate between 1869 and 1882 — George Ruby, Matt Gaines and Walter Burton, according to the Texas State Library and Archives Commission. It wasn’t until Barbara Jordan’s election in 1966 that a Black member returned to the Senate. Jordan served for six years until she entered Congress in 1972. Eleven years later the Senate added its second Black member. Sen. Craig Washington, D-Houston, was elected in 1983 and served as the only Black senator until he was joined by Sen. Eddie Bernice Johnson, D-Dallas, in 1986. The two were appointed to the Senate Committee on Health and Human Services during the 70th legislative session in 1987, marking the first time two Black members served on the same committee since Reconstruction. Sen. Rodney Ellis, D-Houston, replaced Washington in 1990. He and Johnson served together until Johnson was elected to Congress in 1992, but were never appointed to the same committee.  West filled Johnson’s vacated seat in 1993, and there have been two African American senators ever since. But is it true that West has never served on a committee with another Black senator until this year? Committee assignments For 23 years West and Ellis served alongside each other in the 31-member body until Ellis resigned his seat in 2016 to successfully run for county commissioner in Harris County. According to the Legislative Reference Library, Ellis and West served together on the Senate Jurisprudence Committee as chair and vice chair during the 74th legislative session in 1995. During that same session, the two also served on the Senate Finance Committee. It wasn’t until the 77th legislative session in 2001 that Ellis and West again were assigned to the same committee — the Senate Committee on Jurisprudence, which West chaired. This was the last time West and Ellis served on a committee together. Ellis confirmed through a spokesperson that he and West had served on these committees together in 1995 and 2001.  After serving several terms in the Texas House, Miles replaced Ellis in 2017. The Senate Chamber Review Committee is the first time the two have been assigned to the same committee.  There have been several other instances where two or more Black lawmakers have served on a joint committee. For instance, in 1993 West and Ellis were appointed to the Select Committee on Historically Underutilized Businesses alongside state Rep. Harold Dutton Jr., D-Houston, and Rep. Yvonne Davis, D-Dallas. However, West’s spokesperson said that West was only referring to standing Senate committees when he made his statement last month.  West’s spokesman said he was speaking from memory. West’s office didn’t respond to several messages after PolitiFact noted the three instances in 1995 and 2001 two Black senators served on the same committee.  Our ruling West said during a Senate committee meeting last month that Patrick made history this year when he appointed the Senate’s only two Black members to the Senate Chamber Review Committee. West said it’s the first time during his 27 years as senator "that two African Americans have ever served on the same (Senate) committee." However, it appears West was forgetting when he served on committees with Ellis in 1995 and 2001.  The first time two Black members of the Texas Senate served together on a standing committee since Reconstruction was in 1987.  We rate this claim False.

History,Texas,Royce West

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Instagram posts

2020-09-16 00:00:00

a tweet:

Says John F. Kennedy said, "If a Supreme Court Justice died one day before the election, it would be more Constitutional to indefinitely postpone the election than postpone the confirmation a single day."

Miriam Valverde

2020-12-11 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/11/facebook-posts/post-falsely-claims-federal-law-would-require-vacc/

Social media post falsely claims a federal law would require vaccination against COVID-19

A Facebook post about Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine is filled with falsehoods. The Dec. 8 post alleges that infectious disease expert Dr. Anthony Fauci, Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates, billionaire George Soros, and the late financier and convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein are all connected to Moderna Inc. Moderna is a Massachusetts-based biotech company that’s developing a vaccine against COVID-19. But none of the alleged connections mentioned in the post are true. We rated that aspect of the claim Pants on Fire, when it surfaced in a separate post in August. The August and Dec. 8 posts also claim that "if all goes ‘well’ it'll become federal law to get the vaccine." Is that part true? No. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Moderna at the end of November said it would ask the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to grant emergency use authorization for its vaccine, based on Phase 3 study data indicating that the vaccine was 94.1% effective against COVID-19. The company itself has no authority to make its vaccine mandatory. The Trump administration has not said it would make any COVID-19 vaccine mandatory. President-elect Joe Biden has not said he would mandate it either. The federal government has invested more than $9 billion in vaccine deals with multiple private companies. The agreements vary in scope; some are only for the purchase of vaccines, others provide funding for the research, manufacturing and purchase of vaccines. But the messaging from the Trump administration so far has been about voluntary vaccination. A report from the U.S. Health and Human Services Department talks about "ensuring that every American who wants to receive a COVID-19 vaccine can receive one." Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and a member of the White House Coronavirus Task Force, was asked at a town hall in August if he’d support a nationwide mandate of a COVID-19 vaccine. "No, definitely not," said Fauci, who has accepted an offer by the Biden administration to stay on in his director role and act as a White House medical adviser. "You don't want to mandate and try and force anyone to take a vaccine. We’ve never done that. You can mandate certain groups of people, like health care workers, but for the general population you can’t. … We don't want to be mandating from the federal government to the general population. It would be unenforceable and not appropriate." ABC News’ George Stephanopoulos asked Biden during an October town hall if he would mandate that people take a COVID-19 vaccine. Biden said it would depend, but offered that, "I would think that we should be talking about — depending on the continuation of the spread of the virus, we should be thinking about making it mandatory." He then noted that such a mandate would not be enforceable. Biden has since taken an unequivocal stance against requiring it. When a reporter asked Biden on Dec. 4 if a COVID-19 vaccine should be mandatory, Biden replied, "No, I don't think it should be mandatory. I wouldn't demand it to be mandatory, but I would do everything in my power, just like I don't think masks have to be made mandatory nationwide." Biden said he’d do everything in his power as president of the United States to "encourage people to do the right thing." He takes office Jan. 20. A May 2019 report from the Congressional Research Service says that federal authority on vaccinations is limited. It is the states that have the general authority, within constitutional limits, to enact laws requiring vaccination. All 50 states and the District of Columbia, for example, have laws requiring certain vaccines for students, though such laws allow some exemptions. Based on the principles of federalism, the Supreme Court has interpreted the 10th Amendment as preventing the federal government from commandeering or requiring states to carry out federal duties. "In the context of vaccination, this principle prevents Congress from requiring states or localities to pass mandatory vaccination laws," the report said. The federal government, however, could provide incentives to states to enact vaccination laws. Our ruling A Facebook post about Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine said, "if all goes ‘well’ it'll become federal law to get the vaccine." Moderna has applied for emergency use authorization from the FDA for its vaccine against COVID-19. But neither the Trump administration or the incoming Biden administration has announced plans to make the vaccine mandatory, if the vaccine is authorized. There is no indication the federal government intends to mandate vaccination against COVID-19; in fact, leaders in both administrations have said they oppose it. Finally, states, not the federal government, have the general authority over vaccination laws. We rate the post False. RELATED: Fact-checking Facebook post comparing COVID-19 vaccine research to HIV, cancer, common cold

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-09-19 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Nearly 2 out of 3 Americans want to reduce legal immigration from 1 million per year down to 500,000 or less.”

Brandon Mulder

2020-12-11 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/11/instagram-posts/biden-did-not-confirm-or-support-agenda-microchip-/

Biden did not ‘confirm’ or support an agenda to microchip Americans

An old conspiracy theory about vaccines and microchips has resurfaced on Instagram. This time, President-elect Joe Biden is implicated. A Dec. 9 post shows a video of Biden in 2005, when he was a senator from Delaware. In the clip, Biden asks then-Supreme Court nominee John Roberts about how he’d rule on "consequential decisions in the 21st century." "Can a microscopic tag be implanted in a person’s body to track his every movement?" Biden asks. "There’s actual discussion about that. You will rule on that, mark my words, before your tenure is over." The account that posted the video, @endtime.signs, took Biden’s line of questioning as proof that the real goal behind the coronavirus vaccine is to implant Americans with microchips. "This is the greater agenda, and he’s known it for years!" the post’s caption says. "The vaccine that we’re currently seeing is simply a stepping stone to the future chip that he mentions here." This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook, which owns Instagram.) The clip has more than 38,000 views. (Screenshot from Instagram) On Dec. 9, the U.S. set a record for the most COVID-19 deaths in a single day since the pandemic began. As federal regulators deliberate whether to issue emergency use authorization for a vaccine from Pfizer, anti-vaccine misinformation has proliferated on social media.  This Instagram post is the latest example of that misinformation — the coronavirus vaccine is not part of a plan to track people using microchips. The video shows Biden criticizing the idea of tracking people with microchips, not supporting it. Back in April, we saw a false claim that Democrats are pushing for everyone to get implanted with microchips via mandatory vaccinations. The notion appeared to stem from an incorrect interpretation of something Microsoft founder Bill Gates said in March about a system for at-home COVID-19 testing. This video clip of Biden questioning Roberts in 2005 doesn’t add any new or relevant information to the false premise. The video was taken out of the larger context of a hearing during which Biden argued that a liberal interpretation of the Constitution was needed to protect the rights of Americans — particularly their right to privacy. Here’s what he said to Roberts, in context: "Judge, I do not believe in a Constitution where individuals could for very long have accomplished what we did had we read it in such a narrow way. Like the Founders, I believe our Constitution is as big and as grand and as great as its people. Our constitutional journey did not stop with women being barred from being lawyers, with 10-year-olds working in coal mines, or Black kids forced into different schools than white kids. Just because in the Constitution nowhere does it mention sex discrimination, child labor, segregation — it doesn't mention it. Our constitutional journey did not stop then, and it must not stop now, judge. And we’ll be faced with equally consequential decisions in the 21st century. Can a microscopic tag be implanted in a person’s body to track his every movement? There is actual discussion about that. You will rule on that, mark my words, before your tenure is over. Can brain scans be used to determine whether a person is inclined toward criminality or violent behavior? You will rule on that. And, judge, I need to know whether you will be a justice who believes that the constitutional journey must continue to speak to these consequential decisions, or that we have gone far enough in protecting against government intrusion into our autonomy, into the most personal decisions we make. Judge, that is why this is a critical moment." The president-elect has not called for microchipping people who receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and there’s no evidence the vaccine is a "stepping stone" toward tracking people The Instagram post is inaccurate and makes a ridiculous claim. We rate it Pants on Fire!

Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Instagram posts

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Viral image

2020-09-20 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says that this year is the first time during his 27 years as senator “that two African Americans have ever served on the same (Senate) committee.”

Miriam Valverde

2020-12-11 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/11/jon-ossoff/sen-david-perdue-hasnt-held-town-halls-did-offer-a/

Sen. David Perdue hasn’t held town halls, did offer access to campaign donors

In a debate where he appeared alongside an empty lectern, Democrat Jon Ossoff attacked his absent Republican opponent, saying Georgia Sen. David Perdue hasn’t been accessible to his constituents and has sold his time for donations from political action committees. Perdue "hasn't held a single public town hall meeting in six years," Ossoff declared Dec. 6. "He openly sells access for corporate PAC checks. He sells four meetings a year and a retreat on a private island for a $7,500 corporate PAC check." Perdue’s campaign manager has indicated the first-term senator won’t do any debates with Ossoff ahead of their Jan. 5 runoff election. Along with another Georgia runoff the same day, which pits Democrat Raphael Warnock against GOP Sen. Kelly Loeffler, the race will determine which party controls the Senate. As for town halls, Perdue’s Senate office did not cite any that Perdue has held. Ossoff’s claim about donor access refers to a solicitation for a Perdue campaign fundraising event. That invitation shows political action committees that contributed $7,500 annually (not a single contribution) would qualify to attend quarterly events and an annual "sea island retreat." No evidence of town halls A town hall, as it’s typically understood, is a meeting that is publicized in advance and open to the public, in which the elected representative answers questions from members of the public that are not screened. Traditionally, these have been in-person events, but particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, more have been held online. We found no evidence that Perdue has held such a meeting, and his office didn’t offer any. Ossoff has been making the town halls claim about Perdue since at least August, and we found several media reports about Perdue not holding public forums. In May, the student-run Harvard Political Review reported that Perdue had not held any town halls since he took office in January 2015. Atlanta TV station WGCL reported in August about Perdue’s lack of accessibility to the public, and noted the Harvard story. In September, Atlanta TV station WXIA referred in a news report to a 2017 Perdue event that drew protesters. It didn’t describe the event, but said Perdue hasn’t held a town hall since then.  Perdue’s staff did not respond to those reporters for those stories. But in 2017, Perdue told reporters he had held "impromptu" town hall meetings while making an unannounced visit to the state Capitol, and that he prefers holding meetings with individuals or small groups. The nonprofit Town Hall Project told PolitiFact that Perdue has not held a public town hall since it began tracking town halls held by members of Congress in January 2017. The project uses staff and volunteer researchers to track lawmakers’ public schedules, subscribe to their newsletters, follow them on social media and visit their websites, said executive director Nathan Williams.  According to the Town Hall Project, a meeting is a town hall if it is open to the public and the press; announced with at least 24 hours’ notice; and has at least 30 minutes of open questions and answers; that is, the questions are not screened. Perdue's Senate office told PolitiFact that he regularly participates "in public events and local visits to hear directly from" constituents. The office did not cite any town hall event, either in person or online, but said Perdue has held "constituent conference calls" since taking office, including weekly calls during the COVID-19 pandemic. It’s not clear whether those calls were publicized in advance or whether constituents were allowed to ask Perdue questions that weren’t screened by staff. His office didn’t comment on those issues. PAC access for campaign donations To back the second part of Ossoff’s claim, his campaign cited a two-part tweet from Dave Levinthal, who was then an editor-at-large for the nonprofit Center for Responsive Politics and is now a Washington correspondent for Business Insider.  The June 5, 2019, tweet showed images of an invitation to a Perdue fundraising event the same day that was hosted by Perdue Victory, a joint fundraising committee of Perdue’s campaign and One Georgia PAC, which is affiliated with Perdue.  The invitation solicited annual donations at three levels from individuals and political action committees for the Boardroom, an effort helping Perdue’s 2020 re-election run. At the top level, called "Chairman," a PAC donating $7,500 per year or an individual donating $5,400 per year would be invited to an annual retreat at Sea Island, a private community on St. Simons Island in Georgia, including a reception at Perdue’s residence; "invitations to special events throughout the year"; "quarterly events"; and an "end-of-year thank you." Images of a fund-raising solicitation to support Sen. David Perdue's reelection campaign were posted on Twitter by journalist Dave Levinthal:   The invitation did not say whether Perdue would be at all the events. Perdue’s office did not comment on the fundraising solicitation, and his campaign did not respond to requests for comment. WXIA-TV reported in February 2020 that on Feb. 13, 2019, Perdue attended a meeting of his Boardroom donors, and did not attend a Senate hearing held at the same time by two Armed Services subcommittees on substandard military housing at Georgia’s Fort Benning and other facilities nationwide. Perdue is a member of one of the subcommittees. Perdue’s office released a statement saying the senator "has taken strong action to improve military housing at bases in Georgia," but didn’t address his scheduling on Feb. 13, 2019, according to the news report. Our ruling Ossoff said Perdue "hasn't held a single public town hall meeting in six years" and "sells four meetings a year and a retreat on a private island for a $7,500 corporate PAC check." Perdue’s office said the senator has held weekly conference calls with constituents. But we found no evidence that Perdue has held a town hall — a meeting publicized in advance, open to the public and allowing the public to ask him unscreened questions — since he took office in January 2015. An invitation to a 2019 campaign fundraising event for Perdue offered political action committees that made an annual donation of $7,500 access to an annual retreat at Perdue’s residence in a private community on St. Simons Island, Ga., as well as access to  quarterly meetings and other events, though it was not clear whether Perdue himself would attend each event. We rate the statement Mostly True. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.

Georgia,Campaign Finance,Jon Ossoff

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2326, 58601, 37812, 16047, 674, 16047, 6465, 389, 41113, 13, 9369, 1618, 11, 369, 810, 627]

Lindsey Graham

2020-09-11 00:00:00

a committee meet

“Biden confirms agenda to microchip the masses”

Tom Kertscher

2020-12-10 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/10/donald-trump/trump-said-no-candidate-has-won-florida-and-ohio-a/

Trump said no candidate has won Florida and Ohio and lost. Pants on Fire!

President Donald Trump added a factually inaccurate statement about past results in Florida and Ohio to the pile of false claims and wild theories about the 2020 election. "No candidate has ever won both Florida and Ohio and lost. I won them both, by a lot!" Trump tweeted Dec. 9. Trump did win Florida and Ohio on Nov. 3, but he flunked on his claim about history. In 1960 Republican Richard Nixon won both Florida and Ohio but lost the election to Democrat John F. Kennedy. Historians and journalists on Twitter quickly debunked Trump’s claim. On the same day as Trump’s tweet, a court filing on his behalf included similar wrong information about Florida and Ohio. Trump filed a motion to intervene in the lawsuit filed by Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton that asks the U.S. Supreme Court to invalidate the electoral college votes for Biden from Georgia, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Pennsylvania. Election-law experts told us Paxton’s lawsuit is "outlandish," a "farce," and "ridiculous." Trump’s lawyer John Eastman wrote in the motion that Trump "won both Florida and Ohio; no candidate in history — Republican or Democrat — has ever lost the election after winning both States." Eastman, a law professor at Chapman University, floated the ridiculous theory last year that Kamala Harris, who was born in the U.S., may not be eligible to run for vice president because her parents were immigrants. The National Archives results for the 1960 Electoral College showed that Nixon won Florida’s 10 electoral votes and Ohio’s 25 electoral votes. Kennedy won the election with 303 electoral votes while Nixon got 219.  This year, Florida has 29 electoral votes while Ohio has 18.  We reached out to spokespersons for the Trump campaign and Eastman but did not hear back. The fact that any state has chosen the winner in the past isn’t a guarantee of repeating that in the future. "Florida and Ohio have often gone with the winner, but ... so what? Political patterns hold, until they don't," tweeted Princeton historian Kevin Kruse. "We used to say ‘As Maine goes, so goes the nation’ — until the 1936 election, when Maine voted Republican and only Vermont joined it. And we stopped saying that." There are many ways to get to 270 electoral votes without Florida or Ohio, said David Greenberg, a professor of history and journalism at Rutgers University. "Winning Pennsylvania, Arizona, and Georgia (along with NY, CA, and IL) is one!" he told PolitiFact, referencing Biden’s 2020 state pickups. "So, big deal." PolitiFact is headquartered in Florida, so we couldn’t resist a look back at why Nixon won the Sunshine state in 1960. Gary Mormino, professor emeritus of history at the University of South Florida, said the biggest reason Nixon triumphed in Florida was a combination of blatant and latent anti-Catholicism, Mormino said. "Many Floridians were convinced that JFK was incapable of acting without deference to or counsel from Pope John XXIII," Mormino told us. "The South in general and Florida in particular maintained a long history of anti-Catholicism." Our ruling Trump tweeted "no candidate has ever won both Florida and Ohio and lost." Trump is wrong. Nixon won Florida and Ohio in 1960 yet lost to Kennedy. We rate this statement Pants on Fire! CORRECTION, Dec. 14: An earlier version of this fact-check misidentified the Pope in 1960. Pope John XXIII was the pope in 1960.

Ohio,Corrections and Updates,Elections,Florida,Donald Trump

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Viral image

2020-12-08 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says David Perdue “hasn't held a single public town hall meeting in six years” and “sells four meetings a year and a retreat on a private island for a $7,500 corporate PAC check.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-10-09 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/09/nikki-haley/no-khrushchev-didnt-say-about-americans-60-years-a/

No, Khrushchev didn’t say this about Americans 60 years ago

In a recent social media post, Nikki Haley — former governor of South Carolina and U.S. ambassador to the U.N. — attributed a nefarious-sounding quote about socialism to Soviet Union leader Nikita Khrushchev. "Khrushchev 60 years ago…" she wrote in the Oct. 5 Facebook post, before continuing on to provide the supposed Khrushchev quote:  "Your children's children will live under communism. You Americans are so gullible. No, you won't accept communism outright; but, we will keep feeding you small doses of socialism until you will finally wake up and find you already have Communism." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  There is no evidence Khrushchev, who led the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, ever said this about Americans, though this quote and similar ones have been attributed to Khrushchev by people including President Ronald Reagan and staunch anti-communist Ezra Taft Benson, former secretary of agriculture. PolitiFact attempted to reach out to Haley on social media and through the organization she founded, Stand For America, to see if she had evidence to back up her claim. She did not respond to our request for comment. In the Nikita Khrushchev section of a book titled "They Never Said It: A Book of Fake Quotes, Misquotes, and Misleading Attributions," a version of this quote is listed: "You Americans are so gullible. No, you won’t accept Communism outright, but we’ll keep feeding you small doses of Socialism until you’ll finally wake up and find you already have Communism. We won’t have to fight you. We’ll so weaken your economy until you’ll fall like an overripe fruit into our hands." According to the book, the quote emerged and began circulating in the 1960s.  In 1961, Reagan — who was an actor and TV host at the time — attributed a version of the quote to Khrushchev in a speech, without providing evidence of its origin:  "Three months before his last visit to this country, Nikita Khrushchev said, ‘We can't expect the American people to jump from capitalism to communism, but we can assist their elected leaders in giving them small doses of socialism, until they awaken one day to find they have communism.’" In the late 1960s, anti-communist Ezra Taft Benson claimed Khrushchev said these things during his 1959 visit to the United States. Benson recounted his exchange with Khrushchev in a speech he delivered in 1966:  "I have talked face-to-face with the godless Communist leaders. It may surprise you to learn that I was host to Mr. Khrushchev for a half day, when he visited the United States. ... "As we talked face-to-face, he indicated that my grandchildren would live under Communism. After assuring him that I expected to do all in my power to assure that his, and all other grandchildren, would live under freedom, he arrogantly declared, in substance: "‘You Americans are so gullible. No you won’t accept communism outright, but we’ll keep feeding you small doses of socialism until you’ll finally wake up and you find you already have communism. We won’t have to fight you. We’ll so weaken your economy until you fall like over-ripe fruit into our hands.’" But Benson’s account has been questioned because he also attributed those words to Khrushchev in a book he wrote in 1962. In that instance, Benson wrote that the Soviet leader made the statement months before his trip to the U.S., and Benson did not claim Khrushchev said them to him one-on-one.  In terms of what Khrushchev said publicly, the Soviet leader’s 1959 speeches in the U.S. were documented by news outlets and others. The book "Khrushchev in America" compiled Khrushchev’s speeches during the 1959 trip, and the full text is searchable online. But when PolitiFact reviewed the speeches and searched for key phrases — including "doses of socialism" and "Americans are so gullible" — we did not find any indication that Khrushchev said the things attributed to him in the Facebook post. Our ruling On Facebook, Haley quoted Khrushchev as saying, "Your children's children will live under communism. You Americans are so gullible. No, you won't accept communism outright; but, we will keep feeding you small doses of socialism until you will finally wake up and find you already have Communism." Apart from one anecdotal claim from an individual whose story was inconsistent, there is no evidence Khrushchev said any variation of this quote. We rate this claim False.  

History,Facebook Fact-checks,Nikki Haley

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NumbersUSA

2020-12-09 00:00:00

a video:

Photo shows “MAYHEM in Oregon!”

Amy Sherman

2020-10-09 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/09/viral-image/harris-didnt-frame-and-prosecute-man-murder/

Kamala Harris didn’t frame and prosecute a man for murder

Years before she became a senator and the Democratic vice presidential nominee, Kamala Harris was the district attorney of San Francisco. Recent Facebook posts have drawn attention to the case of a man who was arrested and convicted during that time.  "An appellate court found Kamela Harris and San Francisco police took part in framing and prosecuting a man named Jamal Trulove for a murder he didn’t commit?" the post says, misspelling Harris’ first name. "Harris even paid the key witness over $60,000 in housing and relocation benefits for testifying against Jamal so she could get the conviction before election. After years behind bars and even being stabbed while in prison, Jamal was exonerated and paid a $13.1 million dollar settlement by the city of SF. Kamela Harris ruined this man’s life so she could get the vote."  This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  Here’s what we know.  In October 2008, Jamal Trulove was arrested in the fatal shooting of Seu Kuka near a public housing project in San Francisco, according to an account of Trulove’s case on the National Registry of Exonerations website. A witness named Priscilla Lualemaga had said Trulove looked "like the guy who could have shot" Kuka after police presented her with a photo lineup and said they had identified the gunman. She later told police that her identification of Trulove was reinforced when she saw him in an episode of a reality TV show. He was charged with first-degree murder committed with a firearm.  The case went to trial in January 2010, when Lualemaga said she was sure that Trulove was the killer. She said that she hadn’t originally expressed that confidence to police because she was afraid Trulove’s family or friends would seek revenge if she testified. She said the prosecution had placed her in witness protection. Harris wasn’t the prosecutor. That job fell to one of her deputies, Linda Allen, who said jurors should believe Lualemaga because she had risked her life to testify. They convicted Trulove, and he was sentenced to 50 years to life in prison. The San Francisco Chronicle reported after Trulove’s conviction that Harris credited the "brave eyewitness who stepped forward from the crowd." A lawyer for Trulove appealed the conviction, and the appeals court agreed with him that the prosecution had wrongly said without providing evidence that Lualemaga had faced threats that made her afraid for her life.The court also found that Trulove’s original lawyer had provided ineffective counsel. The case was remanded for a new trial.  Experts who testified for the defense said in the second trial that based on ballistics evidence, Kuka was shot by someone else, and Lualemaga wouldn’t have been able to see far enough down the street to witness the killing. The jury acquitted Trulove. In January 2016, Trulove filed a federal civil rights lawsuit against the city and county of San Francisco and 12 police officers and inspectors for malicious prosecution. Harris wasn’t named, and neither she nor Allen was named in the court’s opinion in the case, though "the prosecution" is mentioned throughout.   Trulove alleged that police had fabricated evidence, coerced a key witness and withheld exonerating evidence. About two years later, the court sided with Trulove, concluding that police framed him for murder. A federal jury decided that two detectives had violated his civil rights — deliberately fabricating evidence and failing to disclose exculpatory evidence — and awarded $14.5 million to Trulove and his lawyers. The case was settled for $13.1 million in exchange for the city dropping its appeal of the verdict.  Trulove’s complaint in the civil case said that Lualemaga "had been paid over $60,000 in living expenses in exchange for her testimony." According to the court opinion in Trulove’s appeal, she was placed in witness protection by the district attorney’s office. Lualemaga "said she discussed her fears with a prosecutor, Fleming, before the preliminary hearing. She discussed the hardships she endured in the program, including that she, her husband, and their one year old child moved into one hotel, then another, and then another location."   Lualemaga received $875 per month for meals and between $1,350 and $2,500 per month for lodging and storage fees.  Before he was acquitted, Trulove spent years in maximum security prisons, where he was stabbed, a lawyer for Trulove said. In October 2019, when Harris was a presidential candidate, Vice published a story with the headline: "Kamala Harris’ prosecutors sent this innocent man to prison for murder. Now he’s talking." Trulove said Harris was in the courtroom for his original guilty verdict and for his sentencing, according to the story. "She even locked eyes with him at one of the proceedings, offering what seemed like a ‘smirk,’ he said." Vice quotes Trulove as saying Harris "wanted to be present for a celebration of a conviction." The publication also cites a 2019 New York Times op-ed by law professor Lara Bazelon, who criticizes Harris’ record as a prosecutor. As attorney general of California, Bazelon wrote, "Harris fought tooth and nail to uphold wrongful convictions that had been secured through official misconduct that included evidence tampering, false testimony and the suppression of crucial information by prosecutors."  The piece does not mention Trulove’s case. Let’s revisit the claim.  The post says: An appellate court found Kamela Harris and San Francisco police took part in framing and prosecuting a man named Jamal Trulove for a murder he didn’t commit. This conflates two cases. The first case was a criminal case against Trulove, in which he successfully appealed his murder conviction and was acquitted on retrial.The second case is the civil suit Trulove filed against the city and county of San Francisco and several police officers and inspectors. The jury in that case found that police framed Trulove.  Harris, who was district attorney when the criminal charges against Trulove went to trial, did not prosecute the case — one of her deputies did. But she did echo that prosecutor’s support for the witness who identified Trulove as the shooter.  Harris is not named in the civil suit.  The post says: Harris even paid the key witness over $60,000 in housing and relocation benefits for testifying against Jamal so she could get the conviction before election.  A complaint filed by Trulove said that Lualemaga "had been paid over $60,000 in living expenses in exchange for her testimony." Other court filings reported that Lualemaga was placed in witness protection by the district attorney’s office and received $875 per month for meals and between $1,350 and $2,500 per month for lodging and storage fees.  The Dispatch Fact-Check, which also looked into this claim, concluded that it’s "unclear how long these benefits lasted based on available public documents."  We reached out to the district attorney’s office to ask about the total sum paid to Lualemaga but did not immediately receive a reply.  The post says: After years behind bars and even being stabbed while in prison, Jamal was exonerated and paid a $13.1 million settlement by the city of SF.  Jama did spend years in prison, and his lawyer said he was stabbed while incarcerated. After appealing his conviction, he was acquitted by the jury in a retrial.  The city of San Francisco did pay him a $13.1 million settlement.   Our ruling An appellate court did not find that Harris and San Francisco police framed and prosecuted Trulove for a murder he didn’t commit. But after Trulove was acquitted in a second criminal trial, he prevailed in a civil suit filed against the city and county of San Francisco and city police for framing him for murder, according to court filings.  Harris didn’t prosecute the criminal case against Trulove, but she was district attorney at the time, and an appellate court concluded that he deserved a new trial because his lawyer didn’t take "any action in the face of highly prejudicial prosecutorial misconduct." According to court filings, the district attorney’s office also placed Lualemaga in witness protection but we don’t know exactly how much she received from the office to pay for her room and board.  The Facebook post accurately describes some elements of Trulove’s saga, but it gets other parts wrong and exaggerates Harris’ role in the case.  We rate this post Half True.  

Criminal Justice,Facebook Fact-checks,Viral image

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Paul Junge

2020-12-06 00:00:00

a debate:

“No candidate has ever won both Florida and Ohio and lost.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-10-09 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/09/glenn-grothman/us-rep-grothman-base-claim-covid-bill-strips-state/

U.S. Rep. Grothman off base with claim that COVID bill strips states' right to administer elections

Congress is fighting once again over the best way to provide relief to Americans as the coronavirus continues to infect people across the country and clobber the economy.  House Democrats passed a $2.2 trillion relief package on Oct. 1, 2020, that would provide another round of enhanced unemployment benefits and stimulus checks, as well as support for schools and businesses.  The vote came amid frayed talks with the White House and just hours before President Donald Trump announced he had tested positive for COVID-19. (Trump has since called the talks off, then suggested he wanted to continue negotiations) Republican U.S. Rep. Glenn Grothman, who voted against the House stimulus package, characterized the legislation in an Oct. 4, 2020, newsletter as a "partisan spending bill" and pointed to several provisions he deemed "egregious." One of them: The bill, he said, "strips states of their right to administer elections."  Is Grothman right?  What the bill says When asked for evidence to support Grothman’s claim, a spokesman referred PolitiFact Wisconsin to several provisions in the bill related to elections. Among them: States would be required to create contingency plans for federal elections in the event of an emergency or natural disaster and update that plan at least every five years. States that don’t meet those requirements could face civil action from the attorney general. States must provide early voting at least 15 days before an election and allow voting to occur at least 10 hours each day. They would not be permitted to require identification to obtain an absentee ballot or require a witness signature for an absentee ballot to be counted. Election officials would be required to accept ballots mailed on or before Election Day and received within 10 days after the election. States that require voter identification at the polls would have to give voters the opportunity to provide a signed statement attesting to their identity.  Democrats first introduced these requirements, dubbed the American Coronavirus/COVID-19 Election Safety and Security Act, as part of the HEROES Act they unsuccessfully pushed earlier this year. "I’d also like to add that states may already have some of these same procedures in place," Grothman spokesman Timothy Svoboda said in an email to PolitiFact Wisconsin. "However, that does not change the fact that the authority would now be at the federal level." Barry Burden, director of the Elections Research Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, said he thinks under the measure states could tailor the rules to their own needs, but noted the bill is a "pretty substantial involvement of the federal government." "In some other states, it would require a significant change of their laws," he said That said, the measure doesn’t tackle some key aspects of the voting system, such as residency requirements or who can work at the polls. And the measure would only apply to federal elections, which occur in November every two years. States could still create their own rules for local elections. The rights of states Who’s really in charge of elections, anyway? The U.S. Constitution says state legislatures can prescribe the "times, places and manner of holding elections for senators and representatives," but goes on to give Congress the ability to make or alter such rules. According to an analysis of the clause, Congress’ primary duty is to uphold the integrity of the election process and right to vote.  "States, territories, and the District of Columbia have primary responsibility for administering elections in the United States, but Congress retains authority over the time, place, and manner of federal elections," states a July 16, 2020 memo from the Congressional Research Service. The memo goes on to say that Congress could consider expanded mail voting requirements in response to the coronavirus pandemic, but noted that "states, territories, and the District of Columbia … might reject new federal requirements as an infringement on their authority to conduct elections or new funding that comes attached to such requirements." Burden said Congress has taken a larger role in federal elections over time, often to provide a more uniform voting experience and protect vulnerable groups.  The Help America Vote Act, for example, created mandates for voting equipment and required states to implement a computerized voter registration list, among other provisions. Still, Burden said, "states will always run their elections." Let’s return to Grothman’s claim, that the measure "strips states of their right to administer elections."  Merriam-Webster defines "administer" as "to manage or supervise the execution, use, or conduct of." Nothing about the House-passed legislation takes away the ability of states to administer elections. Grothman may oppose the proposed requirements, but suggesting states will lose that right and responsibility is simply not accurate.  Our ruling In a newsletter, Grothman said a newly approved coronavirus relief package "strips states of their right to administer elections." The legislation would create a new baseline for how states conduct federal elections, including rules for absentee and early voting, and outlines several requirements that some states don’t currently have in place. But states would still be responsible for administering elections. What’s more, this is far from the first time Congress has considered measures to make the voting process more uniform.  We rate this claim False. 

National,Elections,States,Wisconsin,Glenn Grothman

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Facebook posts

2020-12-06 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Voting machines found in bus in Arizona.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-10-09 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/09/donald-trump/trump-whiffs-describing-wisconsin-ballot-case/

Trump whiffs describing Wisconsin ballot case

In the runup to the November election, President Donald Trump has relentlessly attacked the integrity of mail-in ballots, even though he has voted by mail himself and claims of widespread fraud in this vein have been regularly proven wrong. So it’s not surprising this topic surfaced again in the first presidential debate on Sept. 29, 2020. What caught our attention was that, it turned out, one of his claims had a Wisconsin twist. "As far as the ballots are concerned, it's a disaster," Trump said in the debate. "They're sending millions of ballots all over the country. There's fraud. They found them in creeks. They found some, just happened to have the name Trump just the other day in a wastepaper basket." Several minutes later he circled back to the waterway claim amid another rundown of supposed fraud. "Did you see what's going on? Take a look at West Virginia, mailman selling the ballots," Trump claimed. "They're being sold. They're being dumped in rivers. This is a horrible thing for our country. … This is not going to end well." News reports have noted the West Virginia mail sale claim is wrong  — a worker was charged for altering five ballot requests (not ballots themselves), but no money was involved – and the wastebasket incident in Pennsylvania was a new employee’s mistake rather than fraud. But we’ll focus on the creek and river claim. During a contentious exchange with a reporter two days later, Kayleigh McEnany, President Trump's press secretary, said Trump was actually referring to trays of mail found in "a ditch in Wisconsin." Let’s see how Trump’s description lines up with reality. The background Mail-in voting is a critical topic given the unprecedented volume of pandemic-fueled mail-in voting already occurring in the Nov. 3 election. It’s also a touchy subject in Wisconsin, where several ballot issues cropped up during the April election. Some 2,693 Milwaukee voters didn’t receive the absentee ballots they requested, and 1,600 ballots in the Appleton and Oshkosh areas were found at a mail processing center the day after the election, and went uncounted. Meanwhile, the U.S. Postal Service has come under fire for making operational changes that critics say were slowing mail delivery ahead of the election — changes a federal judge temporarily blocked in September. But experts have repeatedly said there is no evidence of widespread fraud through mail-in voting, now or in the past. "What (Trump) said (at the debate) was full of misstatements and inaccuracies," Lawrence Norden, director of the Election Reform Program for the Brennan Center for Justice, told USA Today the day after the debate. "Mail-in ballots are safe and secure. We’ve been voting in some form by mail since the Civil War. FBI Director Christopher Wray, who Trump appointed, told Congress in September the agency has not seen evidence of a "coordinated national voter fraud effort," the New York Times reported. What we know about the ditch incident Three trays of mail were found "on the side of the road and in the ditch line" in the Outagamie County town of Greenville the morning of Sept. 21, according to the county sheriff’s office. Public details on the incident remain limited. The sheriff said the trays had been on their way to the post office and contained an assortment of mail, including "several" absentee ballots. McEnany pointed to this incident in her Sept. 24 press briefing at the White House while asserting mass mail-out voting is a "system that’s subject to fraud."  Wisconsin, however, does not use that system, where ballots are sent to everyone in the state without being specifically requested.  But the narrative shifted a bit two days after the debate. Meagan Wolfe, director of the Wisconsin Elections Commission, announced that no Wisconsin absentee ballots were actually found in Greenville. She said she didn’t know if there were ballots from other states. No clarification was given on this potentially conflicting information. The U.S. Postal Inspection Service, which is investigating the matter, declined to provide additional information to PolitiFact Wisconsin. Officials have not said who had possession of the ballots or how they came to be in the ditch.  Our ruling While claiming there is widespread mail voting fraud, President Trump said ballots in Wisconsin "are being dumped in rivers" or creeks. In context, viewers were left with the impression that ballots were disposed of en masse in some sort of waterway. There’s no evidence of that. We base our ratings on what is known at the time of the claim. And on Sept. 29, as is the case now, Trump’s statement was wrong in both the literal claim (a "river") and the implication (that this is evidence of fraud). A small number of ballots were found with hundreds of pieces of other mail, and authorities have said nothing to indicate election manipulation motivated the incident.  The information released after the debate — that no Wisconsin ballots were found — muddles the situation given the apparent conflict with earlier information. But it doesn’t change this rating. We rate this claim False. 

Elections,Wisconsin,Donald Trump

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Instagram posts

2020-12-09 00:00:00

a tweet:

An appellate court found Kamala Harris and police “took part in framing and prosecuting a man” for a murder he didn’t commit, paying a key witness $60,000 in relocation benefits for testifying against him.

Haley BeMiller

2020-10-09 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/09/mike-pence/fact-checking-pences-claim-democrats-and-abortion-/

Fact-checking Pence’s claim on Democrats and abortion ‘up to the moment of birth’

In his debate appearance Oct. 7, Vice President Mike Pence sought to spotlight the difference between the Republican and Democratic candidates over abortion rights. "I’m pro-life, I don’t apologize for it. This is another one of those cases where there’s such a dramatic contrast," Pence said in Salt Lake City. "Joe Biden and Kamala Harris support taxpayer funding of abortion all the way up to the moment of birth, late term abortion." During the debate, Harris shook her head as Pence made his claim, but she did not directly address his statement. Before his claim, Harris had said she would "always fight for a woman's right to make a decision about her own body." On taxpayer funding, both Biden and Harris say they want to get rid of the Hyde Amendment, a provision routinely added to health budget bills that bars federal funding for abortions. Biden came out against it in 2019. Readers asked PolitiFact to fact-check the other part of the claim, whether the Democratic nominees support abortion "up to the moment of birth." Biden and Harris have not said they support abortion "up to the moment of birth." They say they support Roe vs. Wade, the 1973 Supreme Court case that legalized abortion while giving states the authority to regulate it after a certain point. They also say they would work to codify the ruling into law and try to stop state laws that violate provisions of the case. Biden’s campaign specified to PolitiFact that he supports Roe — as amended by another 1992 U.S. Supreme Court case, Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania vs. Casey. Some experts say that case actually broadened states’ rights to regulate abortions, and that support for either of those cases does not amount to support for abortion "up to the moment of birth." Pence's spokesperson said that his claim is backed by Biden’s overall support for Roe and his plan to defend and codify it. A law professor and director of a center that opposes abortions said that Doe vs. Bolton, a 1973 U.S. Supreme Court companion case to Roe, should also be considered. She said that case has a broad health exception for abortions that makes Pence’s claim fair. Experts agreed on this: Many people, including politicians, don’t have a complete understanding of the provisions of court cases on abortion. "Part of why this is such a mess is because different people mean different things" when they talk about abortion-related U.S. Supreme Court cases, said Mary Ziegler, a law professor at Florida State University. "There's not an established popular understanding of the court cases." The rulings are complex, Ziegler said, and Pence and Biden may be focusing on different aspects of them. While an abortion opponent may interpret the cases as allowing abortions "up to the moment of birth," supporters of abortion rights may not see it that way, she said. Still, when talking colloquially about support for Roe, most people mean recognizing the existence of a right to have an abortion, or not criminalizing it, Zeigler said. Supporting the rulings in Roe, Doe or Casey is not the same as supporting abortion "up to the moment of birth," she said. Roe vs. Wade Roe vs. Wade recognized a woman’s constitutional right to terminate a pregnancy, but it also allowed states to restrict abortions — including banning them altogether — after the point of fetal viability, except when the life or health of the woman is at stake, said Darren Hutchinson, a law professor at the University of Florida. He said that case did not specify a precise time for viability, but 24 weeks’ gestation has widely been used in medicine and law. In 2016, there were 623,471 legal induced abortions reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About 1.2% happened at 21 weeks’ gestation or later, the CDC said. Roe allows states to restrict or ban abortions once a fetus is viable, Hutchinson said, so when opponents of abortion rights invoke the term "up to the moment of birth," they are generally referring to how court cases treat exceptions to those restrictions during that period. Doe vs. Bolton Doe vs. Bolton allows doctors to consider a wide range of factors when determining whether an abortion is for health reasons, said Teresa Stanton Collett, a law professor and director of the Prolife Center at the University of St. Thomas School of Law in Minneapolis. A doctor may make a decision "in the light of all factors physical, emotional, psychological, familial, and the woman's age relevant to the well-being of the patient," that case said. "Because it was a companion case and directly referenced in Roe vs. Wade, I believe it is fair to say that it supports abortion up to the moment of birth, given the breadth of the health exception," Collett said. Collette said that Biden's support for Roe should also be read in the context of the Democratic Party's platform. That platform says a Biden administration would seek to "overturn federal and state laws that create barriers to women’s reproductive health and rights, including by repealing the Hyde Amendment and protecting and codifying the right to reproductive freedom." She also argued that Democratic bills propose standards that would "virtually eliminate abortion restrictions" sought by states. Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania vs. Casey Other experts said it’s important to not overlook the 1992 U.S. Supreme Court case Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania vs. Casey. There’s a tendency to use Roe as shorthand when talking about keeping abortion legal, but the Casey ruling recognized a state's interest in pregnancy at all stages, said Mindy Jane Roseman, director of the Gruber Program for Global Justice and Women's Rights at Yale Law School. Before fetal viability, the state has an interest in making sure a woman is informed of her options and that any abortion procedures are safe, Roseman said. "After viability, the state can prohibit abortions except where a woman's life is endangered, and possibly where her health is at grave risk," she said. Casey allowed states to regulate abortion throughout the pregnancy, so long as the state laws do not impose an "undue burden" on a woman's right to an abortion. The ruling also said that states may not prohibit pre-viability abortions. Harris’ Senate record Pence’s spokesperson also flagged a February Senate procedural vote on a bill to ban abortion after about 20 weeks’ gestation — earlier than traditional measures of fetal viability, an expert said. Harris was among Democrats who voted against ending debate on the proposal, a move that effectively stopped the bill’s progress. "The only exceptions in the bill were for life-saving abortions or when a pregnancy resulted from rape or incest," Hutchinson said, and the Supreme Court "has consistently held that laws categorically banning abortions after viability must have life and health exceptions." Harris has sought to have that standard written into law. She is a co-sponsor of a bill seeking to establish a statutory right for health care providers to provide "abortion care free from medically unnecessary restrictions and bans." The Center for Reproductive Rights said the bill would prohibit states from imposing post-viability bans that do not make exceptions for a woman’s health or life. There hasn’t been a vote on that bill. Biden’s campaign sent PolitiFact links to votes Biden cast as a senator in the 1990s and 2000s in support of banning "partial-birth abortions." That term refers generally to an abortion procedure where the fetus is removed intact from a woman’s body. Our ruling Pence said Biden and Harris support abortion "up to the moment of birth." Biden and Harris have not said they support abortion "up to the moment of birth." They say they support the landmark Supreme Court case that legalized abortion and allowed states to regulate it after fetal viability. They also say they are against state laws that conflict with the case, and would work to codify the ruling into law. One expert said that Democrats’ intent to codify Roe could preempt state laws restricting abortion, and that a related case has a health exception broad enough to allow abortions "up to the moment of birth." But several other experts said that supporting Roe or related cases is not the same as supporting abortion "up to the moment of birth." They said that generally, people who support Roe mean they support the existence of a right to have an abortion or to not criminalize it. Pence’s claim creates a wrong impression of Biden’s and Harris’ statements and of the common interpretation of cases that affirmed abortion rights. We rate his claim False.

Abortion,Debates,Health Care,Mike Pence

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1687, 4478, 813, 3802, 3641, 627]

Jon Ossoff

2020-12-04 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says the U.S. House’s COVID-19 relief bill, advanced by Democrats, “strips states of their right to administer elections.”

Eric Litke

2020-10-08 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/08/mike-pence/ad-watch-kamala-harris-doesnt-want-defund-dismantl/

Ad Watch: Kamala Harris doesn’t want to ‘defund, dismantle and dissolve’ the police

Democratic Sen. Kamala Harris is the former attorney general of California. She has called herself the state’s "top cop." But Vice President Mike Pence said she would defund the police if Joe Biden is elected president. "As vice president, Kamala Harris would: defund, dismantle, and dissolve police departments," says a Facebook ad published by Pence’s Facebook page Oct. 8, the day after the vice presidential debate in Salt Lake City. "Americans can’t afford the radical left’s agenda," reads a message at the bottom, which links to a fundraising page for President Donald Trump’s re-election campaign.  The ad stands in contrast to some of the Trump campaign’s other messaging on Harris, which has criticized her as an overzealous prosecutor. We reached out to Pence’s press office, as well as the Trump campaign, for evidence or a comment, but we haven’t heard back. Setting aside whether Harris could, as vice president, single-handedly dismantle police departments, is it true that she supports defunding the police? We took a closer look. (Screenshot from the Facebook Ad Library) Pence’s ad is wrong. The Biden campaign says his administration would not work to defund the police, and Harris has not explicitly said she supports those calls. Biden campaign doesn’t support defunding police The official Biden campaign platform does not support defunding or dismantling police departments. Harris’ former presidential campaign platform doesn’t mention it. Following the death of George Floyd, a Black man, in Minneapolis police custody in May, activists protesting against police brutality started to call for defunding the police. While some activists said they wanted to eliminate police departments entirely, others said lawmakers should reroute some of their funding toward other community services. Biden says in his platform that, if he were elected, he "will not defund the police." We’ve previously rated several claims False for saying the opposite. Biden says he would invest more money in local law enforcement. "He will condition federal funding on departments undertaking reforms," the platform says. "And, he will invest an additional $300 million in community-oriented policing, so officers can get out of their cruisers and get to know the communities they serve." Harris, who co-sponsored a Senate bill that calls for criminal justice reform, also hasn’t said she wants to dismantle or dissolve police departments. When Harris was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination, her criminal justice platform did not mention defunding or dismantling police departments. Her plan called for increasing funding for things like body cameras, mental health professionals, and "officer safety and wellness." "Joe Biden and Kamala Harris do not support defunding the police, and it is a lie to suggest otherwise," said Sabrina Singh, Harris’ press secretary. "Throughout her career, Sen. Harris has supported increasing funding to police departments and boosting funding for community policing." What Harris has said about police funding While Harris has called for "reimagining" public safety in the United States, she has not said she supports defunding police departments. In an early June episode of "The View," host Meghan McCain asked Harris:"Are you for defunding the police?"  After some back-and-forth about the definition, Harris demurred. "We need to reimagine how we are achieving public safety in America," she said. "To have cities where one-thrid of their entire budget is going to policing, but yet there is a dire need in those same cities for mental health resources, for resources going into public schools, for resources going into job training and job creation — come on. We have to be honest about this." Harris has reiterated those talking points in several media appearances: On June 8, she said: "We don’t want police officers to be dealing with the homeless issue. We don’t want police officers to be dealing with substance abuse and mental health. No — we should be putting those resources into our public health systems, we should be looking at our budgets and asking, ‘Are we getting the best return on our investment as taxpayers?’" On June 25, she said: "For far too long, the status quo thinking has been to believe that by putting more police on the street, you’re going to have more safety — and that’s just wrong." On Sept. 6, she said: "I want to make sure that if a woman is raped, a child is molested, one human being murders another human being, that there will be a police officer that responds to that case and that there will be accountability and consequence for the offender." RELATED: ‘Defund the police’ movement: What do activists mean by that? While Harris has alluded to some key points of the "defund the police" movement, she hasn’t offered her support. The Hill reported in June that, before she joined the Biden campaign, Harris was trying to "straddle the divide on the left over police reform." Our ruling Pence said in a Facebook ad that, as vice president, Harris would "defund, dismantle, and dissolve police departments." That’s wrong. Biden’s official campaign platform says his administration would not defund police departments. Harris’ press secretary said she does not support defunding the police. Her former presidential campaign platform did not mention it. In media appearances, Harris has called for "reimagining" public safety across the country. But she hasn’t explicitly said she supports defunding police departments, and Harris has said she doesn’t want to get rid of law enforcement. Pence’s ad is inaccurate. We rate it False.

Criminal Justice,Ad Watch,Mike Pence

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Viral image

2020-10-08 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says ballots in Wisconsin “are being dumped in rivers” or creeks.

Miriam Valverde

2020-09-28 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/28/viral-image/trumps-reported-tax-payments-much-lower-biden-harr/

Trump’s reported tax payments much lower than Biden, Harris

In 2017, President Donald Trump paid only $750 in federal income taxes, according to the New York Times, which reported on Sept. 27 that it had obtained the president’s tax information covering more than two decades.  The news drew the disdain of some of Trump’s detractors even as the president, who has fought to keep his tax returns private, denied the story. "Little by little, we will see exactly why he is trying so hard to hide his tax returns!!" read one Facebook post sharing a screenshot of a tweet comparing Trump’s tax returns to those of Democratic presidential candidates, including Democratic presidential nominee, Joe Biden, and his running mate, Kamala Harris. "Federal income taxes paid in 2017 (jointly with spouse): Joe Biden - $3,742,974," the tweet says. "Kamala Harris - $516,469, Bernie Sanders - $343,882, Elizabeth Warren - $268,484, Donald Trump - $750." This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  We reached out to the Trump and Biden campaigns, as well as the office of Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., but none immediately responded. Sen. Elizabeth Warren’s office pointed us to the the Massachussetts Democrat’s tax returns posted on her website. Many of the 2020 presidential candidates released their tax returns on the campaign trail, posting them online for voters to review.  "By allowing the public to see their taxes, the Democratic candidates are creating a contrast with President Donald Trump, who defied tradition by refusing to disclose his taxes when he ran for president in 2016," the New York Times reported in 2019.  Here’s what we know.  According to Biden’s 2017 tax return, he had made payments toward his federal income tax totaling $3,742,974. That’s the number that appears in the Facebook post. But the return says he still owed $1,666, so in all, he was on the hook for a little bit more: $3,744,640. According to Harris’ 2017 tax return — page 280 of 528 in this PDF of her 2004-18 tax returns that her campaign released—  her total federal tax was $516,469, the number that appears in the Facebook post. Including an estimated tax penalty of $2,608, she owed about $519,000 that year.  According to Sanders’ 2017 tax return, he owed $343,882.   According to Warren’s 2017 tax return, the total federal income tax she owed was $268,484. The Facebook post gets Sanders’ and Warren’s federal tax debts correct, and it’s very close on how much Biden and Harris owed in 2017. It also says that Trump paid $750 in federal taxes that year, which the New York Times recently reported.  We haven’t seen Trump’s income tax returns — he’s the only president in modern times to withhold them from the public. A lawyer for the Trump Organization told the New York Times that "most, if not all, of the facts appear to be inaccurate" in response to a letter the newspaper sent summarizing its findings.  "Over the past decade, President Trump has paid tens of millions of dollars in personal taxes to the federal government, including paying millions in personal taxes since announcing his candidacy in 2015," the lawyer told the paper in a statement. The New York Times noted that this claim appeared to conflate income tax with other federal taxes Trump has paid, including Social Security and Medicare. If evidence emerges to bear that out the claims of Trump’s lawyer, we will reconsider our rating on this fact-check.  For now, we rate this post Mostly True.  

Taxes,Viral image

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Donald Trump

2020-10-04 00:00:00

Newsletter:

Says Joe Biden and Kamala Harris support abortion “up to the moment of birth.”

Daniel Funke

2020-09-28 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/28/thom-tillis/what-tillis-leaves-out-about-cunninghams-butlers-p/

What Tillis leaves out about Cunningham's butler's pantry

U.S. Sen. Thom Tillis claims that his Democratic opponent is out of touch with most North Carolinians. And he saved one of his more memorable accusations against Cal Cunningham for his closing statement in the Sept. 14 debate on WRAL. "Cal criticizes tax breaks for the wealthy, but when Cal was making hundreds of thousands of dollars a year, he got a $40,000 tax incentive to update his butler’s pantry," Tillis said in his closing statement. (Around the 58-minute mark of this video). "I didn’t know what a butler’s pantry was because we didn’t have them in the trailer parks I grew up in," he said. "But really, he may have qualified for it but used that. Cal will say anything to get elected." Republicans have used various forms of this claim to attack Cunningham, citing a story by Real Clear Politics.  Tillis offered a similar line during the Sept. 22 debate on CBS 17, saying: "When (Cunningham) was making almost $300,000 a year, he got a tax credit from the state of North Carolina, $40,000, to renovate his house including a butler’s pantry," he said around the 26-minute mark of this video. The Tillis campaign went a step further in a recent press release, accusing Cunningham of "abusing" the tax credit. Meanwhile, the National Republican Senatorial Committee’s video ad claimed that Cunningham got a tax break for not only a butler’s pantry, but also a wet bar. (If these attacks sound familiar, that may be because Tillis’ fellow Republican North Carolina Sen. Richard Burr questioned his opponent’s use of the same tax credits back in 2016.) So what’s the truth about Cunningham’s use of the tax credit and his home renovation? Cunningham did receive a $38,000 tax credit for renovations to his house, which is considered a historic property. A butler’s pantry was one part of several renovations. The "butler’s pantry" and "wet bar" were two terms used by an inspector to describe the same area in Cunningham’s kitchen. They are not two separate areas. There’s no evidence that Cunningham has done anything illegal.  Additionally, Cunningham says he doesn’t have a butler. Tax credits for renovations   North Carolina offers tax credits to people who restore historic homes.  According to state law, the owner must spend at least $25,000 on renovations to qualify for a tax credit. The owner must also "provide a copy of the certification obtained from the State Historic Preservation Officer verifying that the historic structure has been rehabilitated in accordance" with state law. Cunningham owns a historic home in Raleigh and he applied for the credits in 2014. We reached out to the state’s Historic Preservation Office about Cunningham’s renovations. Officials said they’re not allowed to speak about individual taxpayers.  However, they directed us to state records showing who has received tax credits for historic home restorations. PolitiFact also obtained Cunningham’s application. Records from 2015 show Cunningham spent $129,536 on renovations to his home. Records show he then received $38,860 in tax credits, which were granted to him in installments of $7,772 over the course of five years (as required by law). Cunningham’s application includes notes from an inspector, revealing each part of the house under consideration for renovations. It shows he sought to: Add a roof over the basement doorway Add stained glass windows to bathrooms Replace hardwood floors, Remove walls on the first floor, as well as one in the upstairs bathroom. Relocate a sink, Repair a retaining wall outside, And renovate part of the kitchen. The "butler’s pantry" is one of several renovation ideas mentioned in the inspector's notes about the kitchen. "The kitchen seems to be in two distinct pieces, much (of) which is in what was probably the original kitchen," the inspector wrote. "The secondary cooking area and eating bar are in the space that was probably originally the breakfast room. Several of the appliances are non functional and need replacing." The inspector said this about Cunningham’s plans to update the kitchen: "Modifications hope to consolidate the main kitchen elements back into the original space and render the cooking extension into more (of) a wet bar/butler’s pantry area. The stove that does work will replace the cooktop and wall oven in the primary kitchen space. Dishwasher will be replaced with new venting to be determined." That’s all the application says about the "butler’s pantry" area. What is a butler’s pantry? So what, exactly, is a butler’s pantry? "A butler’s pantry is pretty common. Basically an extra kitchen prep space," Michele Walker, spokeswoman for the state’s Department of Natural and Cultural Resources. Realtor.com, a website created by the National Association of Realtors, wrote in 2019 that a butler’s pantry isn’t as fancy as it sounds.  Historically, the spaces were used "to store (as well as to count and polish) the family silver, numerous sets of china, and large serving dishes like platters, tureens, and coffee urns." "Today, butler's pantries are located just off the kitchen or dining room and are used as staging areas for serving meals, and as a storage space. In a butler's pantry, you'll commonly find a countertop and cabinets for keeping serving pieces, tableware, wine glasses, table linens, candles, and other items for the dining room." Butler’s pantries were fairly common in middle-class houses from the 1920s, according to Myrick Howard,  president of Preservation North Carolina, a private nonprofit that aims to restore historic properties. "You wouldn’t call it a butler’s pantry in 2020 because you don’t have a pantry. It’s the same thing you’d probably call a wet bar." Cunningham doesn’t have a butler, nor has he ever, campaign spokesman Aaron Simpson said. Tillis comments It’s debatable whether this tax credit program is for "the wealthy." Of course, people who don’t have enough money to own a house wouldn’t qualify. At the same time, some who qualify might be middle-class. (We won’t even attempt to draw those lines.) However, the Cunningham campaign pointed out that Tillis has praised historic tax credits in the past. Although Tillis didn’t vote, he was speaker in 2011 when the state House voted to extend the tax credit for renovations to historic homes -- along with other tax provisions. When the tax credit was left out of a state budget proposal in 2014, Tillis was speaker of the state House. According to the Winston-Salem Journal, Tillis said the credits had shown a "well-documented return on investment." North Carolina offers credits for both residential properties, as well as commercial or what the state calls "income producing property." Since the first credits were enacted back in 1998, they’ve promoted more than $3 billion in renovations to commercial and residential properties, Howard said. Another article from 2014, this one in the Wilson Daily Times, quoted Tillis saying the historic tax credit had helped North Carolina. "That particular program has been a very positive thing for towns. It is a return on investment," Tillis is quoted saying in the article. The Cunningham campaign provided a hard copy to PolitiFact. Our ruling Tillis said Cunningham "got a $40,000 tax incentive to update his butler’s pantry." That’s not as far off-base as his campaign’s press release or the NRSC ad, which exaggerate the facts. But they still need clarification. The tax credit was for more than just the butler’s pantry. In Cunningham’s case, the term is used to reference a space in his kitchen -- not a closet used by an employee. Tillis’ statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate it Half True.

North Carolina,Taxes,Thom Tillis

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Facebook posts

2020-09-29 00:00:00

a debate:

As vice president, Kamala Harris would “defund, dismantle, and dissolve police departments.”

Paul Specht

2020-09-28 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/28/donald-trump/trump-misses-mark-claim-green-new-deal-proposal-wa/

Trump misses the mark with claim that Green New Deal proposal wants to ban cows

In a recent visit to Wisconsin, President Donald Trump offered a series of warnings to voters, but here in the heart of dairy country one in particular stood out. Trump argued that if Joe Biden is elected president, other Democrats would try to jam through the so-called Green New Deal, a proposal aimed at combating climate change and positioning the U.S. for a more environmental-friendly economy. The proposal was introduced by U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-New York, and supported by U.S. Sen. Bernie Sanders and others in the Deomcratic presidential primary. Pointedly, Biden did not offer his support for it. In his speech, Trump argued the Green New Deal sought to do a lot of things, including ban air travel (not true) and require a bridge be built to Hawaii (also not true). Then he landed on livestock. "Cows are out," he said in the Sept. 17, 2020 speech. "Cows, they don’t want cattle, they don’t want cows."  Does the Democratic-backed Green New Deal really ban cows, a major source of beef and dairy products? No.  Let’s look closer. More about the plan Since it was unveiled in February 2019, the Green New Deal has been a flashpoint in American politics.  Introduced by Ocasio-Cortez and U.S. Sen. Edward Markey, D-Massachusetts, the plan calls on the government to reduce the country’s reliance on fossil fuels and curb greenhouse gas emissions throughout the economy, according to a Feb. 21, 2019 report from the New York Times. The goals could be accomplished through making investments in cleaner energy and changing many facets of life, such as how buildings are designed, how people travel and what people eat.  But what about cows?  According to a Feb. 12, 2019 examination of the Green New Deal by PolitiFact National, there is no actual mention of cows in the deal’s text.  The first mention of cows came in additional documents posted and shared by Ocasio-Cortez’s staff around the time of the introduction of the resolution. The line in particular that critics seem to have latched onto states "we aren’t sure we’ll be able to fully get rid of farting cows and airplanes."  The statement was a part of a fact sheet that Ocasio-Cortez provided to media outlets, according to factcheck.org, and was also a blog post on her website. Those documents -- which were never part of the text of the bill -- have since been taken down, but that hasn’t stopped the president from repeating the claim.  To be sure, cows do play a role in rising global temperatures. Cows produce methane gas as a byproduct of digestion, thanks to their multiple stomachs. That methane is typically released from their body in the form of burps and sometimes flatulence (ie. farting cows).  Those cow emissions add up to 70% of all such emissions from livestock, or about 5.5% of greenhouse gases tied to human activity, according to an Associated Press report. In comparison, emissions from the burning of fossil fuels is roughly 10 to 17 times greater than warming caused by livestock farting and burping, the same report said.  Digging deeper When we asked Trump’s Wisconsin team for backup, they did not respond to the request. The strongest evidence against the claim, though, may be comments from Ocasio-Cortez herself. Shortly after critics took off with the cow claim, Ocasio-Cortez addressed the comments in an appearance on the "Desus and Mero" show on Showtime, according to a March 8, 2019, article in the  New York Times headlined, in part, "No one is taking your hamburgers. But would it even be a good idea?" That piece quotes Ocasio-Cortez saying: "It’s not to say you are going to force everybody to go vegan or anything crazy like that. But it’s to say, listen, we’ve got to address factory farming, maybe we shouldn’t be eating a hamburger for breakfast, lunch and dinner."  Researchers have said, the Times article notes, that reducing the consumption of red meat, such as beef, would be better for peoples’ health and the environment. But, it acknowledges,  agriculture is a hard industry to completely "decarbonize"  because it’s about keeping people fed. And that would be hard to do without beef.  Or, for Wisconsin purposes, without dairy. Our ruling Trump claimed that the Green New Deal, proposed by liberal Democrats, among other things aims to ban cows: "Cows are out … They don’t want cattle, they don’t want cows."  But the text of the measure  does not mention cows at all, a once-posted supporting document acknowledged it would be hard to ban "farting cows" and the main sponsor has explicitly said the proposal is "not to say you are going to force everybody to go vegan or anything crazy like that." We rate Trump’s claim False.

Agriculture,Elections,Wisconsin,Donald Trump

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Viral image

2020-10-07 00:00:00

a debate:

Says Cal Cunningham “got a $40,000 tax incentive to update his butler’s pantry.”

Laura Schulte

2020-09-28 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/28/joe-biden/amy-coney-barrett-supreme-court-and-affordable-car/

Amy Coney Barrett, the Supreme Court and the Affordable Care Act: what the record says

Democrats have complained loudly about the unfairness of an election-year Supreme Court selection for President Donald Trump when President Barack Obama was denied the same opportunity. But now that Trump has named a candidate, they’re also worried about her positions on the Affordable Care Act, Obama’s signature health care law.  Joe Biden, Obama’s vice president and now the Democratic presidential nominee, spoke about it in remarks he made on the Supreme Court on Sept. 27.  "It should come as no surprise that President Trump would nominate Judge Amy Coney Barrett," Biden said. "She has a written track record, disagreeing adamantly with the Supreme Court’s decision to uphold the ACA. In fact, she publicly criticized Chief Justice Roberts’ opinion upholding the law eight years ago." We decided to look into the evidence. We found that Barrett hasn’t written a lot about the Affordable Care Act, but what she has written has been decidedly negative about the Supreme Court’s 2012 ruling upholding its constitutionality.  Her most extensive writing on the Affordable Care Act that we found was a 2017 book review titled, "Countering the Majoritarian Difficulty." The book review focused on judicial restraint and when courts should invalidate laws passed by legislatures. Barrett’s writing suggests sympathy with Supreme Court justices who are both "originalists" and "textualists," best exemplified by Justice Antonin Scalia, a conservative icon, who objected to the majority view that upheld the Affordable Care Act in two cases: the National Federation of Business (NFIB) vs. Sibelius and and the later King vs. Burwell.  Those cases, upheld by Chief Justice John Roberts and the court’s left-leaning justices, found the law constitutional because it ultimately depended on the federal government’s taxing authority to compel people to buy insurance (called the individual mandate). Scalia argued that was wrong because, among other things, the law itself called the tax a penalty. Barrett’s review said that Roberts "has not proven himself to be a textualist in matters of statutory interpretation." Her writing also suggested she sided with Scalia: "To the extent that NFIB v. Sebelius expresses a commitment to judicial restraint by creatively interpreting ostensibly clear statutory text, its approach is at odds with the statutory textualism to which most originalists subscribe. Thus Justice Scalia, criticizing the majority’s construction of the Affordable Care Act in both NFIB v. Sebelius and King v. Burwell, protested that the statute known as Obamacare should be renamed ‘SCOTUScare’ in honor of the court’s willingness to ‘rewrite’ the statute in order to keep it afloat."  The Washington Post cited an interview with Barrett in 2015 on the radio program "On Point," in which Barrett said of the decision that "it’s clearly a good result that these millions of Americans won’t lose their tax subsidies," but "the dissent has the better of the legal argument." (We were unable to find a transcript or recording of the complete interview.) When President Trump nominated her as his selection to replace the late Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Barrett noted her close ties to Scalia and his judicial approach, calling him a mentor with an "incalculable influence" on her life and alluding to a textualist approach.  "His judicial philosophy is mine, too: a judge must apply the law as written. Judges are not policymakers, and they must be resolute in setting aside any policy views they might hold," she said.   Finally, other liberal groups pointed to a letter Barrett signed along with many Catholic clergy, religious and legal experts that objected to the Obama administration’s policies on birth control and the Affordable Care Act. The letter argued that the administration was infringing on Catholic institutions’ religious liberty by requiring them to accommodate their employees’ access to contraception as part of health insurance.   We reached out to the White House and the Trump campaign, but did not hear back. Our ruling Biden said that Barrett "has a written track record, disagreeing adamantly with the Supreme Court’s decision to uphold the ACA. In fact, she publicly criticized Chief Justice Roberts’ opinion upholding the law eight years ago." The track record we found is not very lengthy, and it is more academic than "adamant." But it is there, and it strongly suggests Barrett would have sided with Scalia over Roberts in finding the Affordable Care Act unconstitutional.   We rate the statement Mostly True.

Health Care,Supreme Court,Joe Biden

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Glenn Grothman

2020-10-08 00:00:00

a Facebook ad:

Says under U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez’s Green New Deal proposal, “Cows are out.”

Angie Drobnic Holan

2020-09-28 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/28/fred-upton/fred-upton-campaign-ad-says-jon-hoadley-voted-defu/

Fred Upton campaign ad says Jon Hoadley voted to defund the police. That’s not true.

A television ad from incumbent U.S. Rep. Fred Upton, R-Mich., attacks his Democratic challenger, state Rep. Jon Hoadley, for a vote he cast in June in Michigan’s House. "Hoadley voted against law enforcement, siding with defund the police, making families less safe," the narrator in the ad claims. The ad features Berrien County Sheriff Paul Bailey, who claims that "what Hoadley did to vote to defund the police was wrong." But Hoadley didn’t vote to defund the police. Upton’s ad cites Hoadley’s Jun. 17 vote against a resolution adopted by the Michigan House that discourages local governments in Michigan from defunding or abolishing their local police departments. Resolutions offer the Legislature a way to state its priorities, but they are nonbinding. The resolution did not propose to increase or decrease funding for local police departments, whose budgets are determined at the local level. Bailey stands by his claim that Hoadley voted to defund the police. "It is concerning when Jon Hoadley – who sits on the Appropriations Committee – talks about how frustrating it is that ‘everything but police got cut’ or how important it is to discuss ‘reprioritizing parts of our budget.’ Then, just weeks later, he chooses to vote against a resolution that discourages local governments from defunding or abolishing their police departments," Bailey said in a statement to PolitiFact Michigan. Bailey was referring to remarks Hoadley made during a June 12 event organized by Mothers of Hope, a community organization based in Kalamazoo, during which Hoadley was asked about his position on defunding the police. "It is frustrating that everything but police got cut whenever there was a question — was the pile big enough? So I think it’s important we’re having this conversation now about reprioritizing parts of our budget," Hoadley said. "It's clear to me and in the eyes of law enforcement – his vote was a vote to defund the police," Bailey added. Josh Paciorek, communications director for Upton’s campaign, told PolitiFact Michigan in an email: "We’re taking law enforcement’s view on this one." The phrase "defunding the police" has come to refer to a range of policies, from redirecting some funding toward community development initiatives to dismantling police agencies altogether. It has served as a shorthand rallying cry for activists demanding police reforms, as well as a political cudgel for conservatives seeking to paint liberals as soft on crime. Hoadley said he did not vote to defund the police. "I voted against an inaccurate resolution that was attempting to score political points, not solve problems," he said in a statement to PolitiFact Michigan. "Many of my colleagues spoke to the need to vote ‘no’ on the resolution and continue the real work on criminal justice reform, racial justice, and properly supporting public safety so both officers and residents are more secure." Michigan House resolution discouraged budget cuts to local law enforcement, but did not boost funding. The resolution Upton’s ad refers to was introduced by Republican state Rep. Ryan Berman and passed with support of all 58 House Republicans and 21 House Democrats. Hoadley was among the 29 Democratic members of the House who voted against the resolution. Berman explained that he introduced the resolution as a kind of referendum on calls to defund or abolish police departments. "The notion of outright defunding police departments is dangerous, and I’ve tendered this resolution to take a stand against it," said Berman on the House floor. The resolution did not propose increasing funding for local law enforcement departments. While Berman and Hoadley took different positions on the resolution, they agreed on one thing: The COVID-induced economic recession has created fiscal challenges for local governments that could affect police budgets. "With potentially massive budget shortfalls facing us due to COVID-19, I imagine it will be even tougher for departments financially in the coming years," Berman said on the House floor. In a statement explaining his vote, Hoadely agreed with Berman’s assessment but argued that that the resolution’s intent would strip local governments of the flexibility they need to respond to budget shortfalls. "We cannot opine from the floor of the statehouse on what local communities should or (should) not spend their dollars on while not offering solutions," said Hoadley, adding: "How do you tell your local firefighters that potentially half of you are going to have to get laid off but, that’s OK because this resolution thought that police departments shouldn’t be subject to the same budget realities as everyone else?" Paciorek, from the Upton campaign, argued that Hoadley’s acknowledgement of the fiscal constraints facing local governments — including police — was inconsistent with his vote. "Why would he vote against a resolution that discourages local governments from stripping even more resources from police services?" he asked. Hoadley criticized the resolution as a way of shutting down debate around police reform, but he did not say that funding for police should be reduced. Our ruling A campaign ad from Upton says Hoadley voted to defund the police. In June, Hoadley voted against a resolution discouraging local governments from reducing their police department’s budgets or abolishing their department. He cited the need to continue discussion about criminal justice reform and to give local governments flexibility to make spending decisions. He did not vote to reduce spending on law enforcement. We rate this claim False.

Elections,Michigan,Fred Upton

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Donald Trump

2020-10-07 00:00:00

a post on Facebook:

Says Amy Coney Barrett “has a written track record, disagreeing adamantly with the Supreme Court’s decision to uphold the ACA. In fact, she publicly criticized Chief Justice Roberts’ opinion upholding the law eight years ago.”

Clara Hendrickson

2020-09-28 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/28/instagram-posts/fact-checking-claims-biden-called-troops-stupid-ba/

Fact-checking claims that Biden called troops ‘stupid bastards’ in resurfaced video

A clip from an old video of then-Vice President Joe Biden speaking to U.S troops is circulating on social media with the accusation that Biden disrespected service members in the room when he called them "stupid bastards" when they didn’t clap for a comment he made. Biden said it, but the clip only shows a snippet of his 30-minute speech, and more context is needed. Shared by an Instagram page called "freedomguards," the clip shows Biden standing at a podium at the Al-Dhafra Air Base in the United Arab Emirates in March 2016. In the few seconds shown in the post, Biden says: "I have incredibly good judgment. One, I married Jill. And two, I appointed Johnson to the academy. I just want you to know that. Clap for that, you stupid bastards." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat potential false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Biden’s presidential campaign confirmed that he jokingly called the troops in the audience "stupid bastards" and a "dull bunch," but said his remarks were made in jest as a way to draw applause for Lt. Karen Johnson. "Vice President Biden was jokingly encouraging the audience to clap for an airwoman on the stage, and a number of service members can be seen laughing and smiling at the comment," Andrew Bates, a spokesperson for Biden’s campaign, told PolitiFact. "Seconds before, he praised them for 'the incredible sacrifices [they] make for our country.’ He thanked them for their patriotism and courage throughout, and closed his remarks by saying, 'you’re the finest generation of warriors the world has ever, ever known' — receiving an enthusiastic ovation." Other video of the event shows some of the service members, who are standing behind Biden and his wife, Jill, smiling after he makes the remark.  Biden spent the majority of the speech praising the servicemembers, saying he was honored to be there, and called them warriors and said people don’t understand the "incredible sacrifices" they make for the country. Here is a more complete look at what he said before, and after the remark, according to White House archives: "Hello! (Applause.) It’s great to see you all. Jill and I are really honored to be here. I’ve been doing this job for a while, and everywhere I go I see warriors like all of you before me and behind me here. Excuse my back, folks. "I’ve been in and out of the Balkans 25 times; in and out of Iraq 26 times; in and out of Afghanistan about 10 or 12 times. And I have one regret every time I’m with you all — and I mean this sincerely — is the folks back home can't see you; can't see you in place. Don't get to fly on the mission with you. Don't understand — they appreciate, but they don't fully understand the incredible sacrifices you make for our country. "And I want you to know notwithstanding what you may hear about me, I have incredibly good judgment. One, I married Jill. And two, I appointed Johnson to the academy. I just want you to know that. Clap for that, you stupid bastards. (Applause.) Come on, man. Man, you are a dull bunch. Must be slow here, man. I don't know.   "Look, in full disclosure, Lieutenant Johnson, she came to see me in 2008 and I appointed her — back in the days of the Senate.  And I had the great privilege of nominating her to the Air Force Academy. And I’m so proud to see how her career has advanced. "I also want to thank very much Brigadier General Orcutt for welcoming me and my family here today. And we know you all — the temp ops here is pretty high, and you got better things to do than come and see Jill and me. But we never pass up an opportunity wherever we are around the world to try to see our warriors." Biden also spoke about his son Beau’s military service, and closed by telling the troops that they are "the greatest generation of warriors." Biden’s trip to the Middle East, and his speech that day, were covered by news organizations at the time, and no mention of the comment was made in those reports.  The Air Force also issued a news release on Biden’s visit to the base, and said that the vice president "stressed again his opinion of the men and women serving their country before taking time to shake hands and personally greet members of the audience." Clips highlighting Biden’s comments have been on YouTube since at least 2017, but only recently gained traction online after they were reshared by pro-Trump accounts. The post comes weeks after an article by The Atlantic reported that President Donald Trump called those killed in combat "losers" and "suckers." Trump denied that he made the comments. Our ruling A clip from an old video of Joe Biden is being shared on social media with the claim that he was disrespecting soldiers while speaking to U.S troops. In the 14-second clip, Biden calls those in the audience "stupid bastards" when they didn’t clap for a comment he made. Biden did call those he was addressing "stupid bastards," but in full context of the 30-minute speech, the comment appears to have been made in jest to generate applause for a female lieutenant he was referencing. He repeatedly complimented the troops and spoke about his late son Beau, who served as a major in the Delaware Army National Guard. The statement is partially accurate but leaves out important details or takes things out of context. We rate this Half True.

Military,Facebook Fact-checks,Instagram posts

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Mike Pence

2020-09-14 00:00:00

a debate:

Says House candidate Jon Hoadley voted to defund the police

Samantha Putterman

2020-10-08 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/08/blog-posting/social-posters-spread-election-misinformation-abou/

Social posters spread election misinformation about “shredded” ballot applications for Donald Trump

Clips of a video inside the back of a tractor-trailer are being falsely used on social media to stoke a fear that people are trying to rig the election against President Donald Trump. We’ve seen multiple versions of the same basic video online. A person is walking around the back of a tractor-trailer that has some trash at the bottom of it. He picks up some of the paper and sees an image of Trump pointing next to the phrase "President Trump wants you to return this form." The person flips the paper over and shows what looks like an application for a mail-in ballot in Pennsylvania. "They do have people’s addresses on them that were never mailed out," the person says. "Somebody sabotaged all (of) these," the person says in another clip. That was enough information for some people to say the video is evidence of voter fraud. One post on Twitter has nearly 22,000 retweets and the video has been viewed more than 400,000 times. "Shredded Pennsylvania Mail in ballot Applications were discovered in a trailer. The applications were for @realDonaldTrump," says the caption. But that’s not what the video shows. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  The mailer itself Let’s start with the mailers in the video. Here’s an image: (Screenshot via YouTube) The mailers include a return address of the Federal Republican Committee of Pennsylvania. That’s the official name for the Pennsylvania state Republican Party. The mailers are part of a nationwide effort by Republicans — despite the words of Trump — to encourage mail-in voting in 2020. A North Carolina voter posted on Twitter a version of the same mailer, but mailed by the North Carolina GOP. That poster, a Republican who says he’s a "Never Trumper," did not request the mailer. Similar mailers were sent in Texas and Ohio. The mailers include forms that can be used by someone to request a mail-in ballot from a local election authority, and other groups are doing the same thing. It’s legal, so long as the groups sending the mailer comply with state and local laws. In Pennsylvania, you can also request a ballot through the state. But it’s also confusing. In September, NPR zeroed in on Lehigh County in Northeast Pennsylvania, where elections officials said some people had mailed in two or three ballot requests forms because they were confused. The mailers are not being requested by voters and are part of a bulk mail campaign to encourage mail-in voting. "Part of the challenge here is that not only more people are sending out applications to voters, in order to make sure voters have an opportunity to vote by mail, but when voters do fill out multiple ones, because maybe they fill it out one day and then a week later because ... they haven't gotten the ballot," Tammy Patrick, the senior adviser of elections at Democracy Fund, told ABC News. (Democracy Fund provides some financial support to PolitiFact.) Applications for Donald Trump The video doesn’t show any completed applications, so there’s no evidence the applications are for Trump. In the case of the North Carolina voter who got a similar application request, he said he’s not voting for Trump. And regardless, you can’t apply to vote for someone. You can only apply for a ballot. R.R. Donnelly The most important clue to debunk the video comes in a frame near the end that shows a sign for a business, "R.R. Donnelley." R.R. Donnelley is a company that, among other things, does direct mail services. (Screenshot via YouTube) We reached out R.R. Donnelley about the video. A spokeswoman for the company said the video shows printing waste. "What you see in the Twitter video is residual print production waste in a trailer that was returned from a recycling facility," the company told us. "The full extent of the client’s mailing request, applications for mail-in ballots, was produced and processed in accordance with our print and mail verification procedures. Recycling of print production waste is a normal practice associated with a direct mail project of this extent." Our ruling Posters took some cell phone video to claim that "Shredded Pennsylvania Mail in ballot Applications were discovered in a trailer. The applications were for @realDonaldTrump." A person in the video claimed this was part of sabotage. In reality, you’re looking at printing waste. We rate this claim False. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.  

Elections,Facebook Fact-checks,Pennsylvania,Bloggers

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Bloggers

2020-09-27 00:00:00

a speech:

"At the Democratic convention, the Pledge of Allegiance was read with the words 'under God' removed."

Aaron Sharockman

2020-10-08 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/08/david-zuckerman/did-scott-really-propose-cut-schools-zuckerman-cla/

Did Scott really propose to ‘cut schools,’ as Zuckerman claims?

As the 2018 legislative session drew to a close, Gov. Phil Scott, a Republican, and Lt. Gov. David Zuckerman, a Progressive-Democrat, found themselves on opposite sides of a dispute over school budgets that briefly absorbed the attention of many in Montpelier.  During a debate last week, the two major party candidates for governor had competing recollections of what exactly went down.  Zuckerman said that part of the job for him and his Democratic colleagues in the Statehouse has been serving as a "backstop" to guard against proposals from the governor, if lawmakers have reason to believe they might hurt Vermonters.  "They’ve pushed back against a number of your budgets, including when you were going to cut schools, when you were going to cut teachers and educators in our schools," Zuckerman said of Democratic lawmakers, who control both the House and Senate.  The governor quickly retorted, talking over Zuckerman. "Never a cut, never a cut, never a cut in the schools," Scott said.  "Well, student-teacher ratios was going to be a cut, but they did not go along," Zuckerman said, before Scott cut in again.  "We spend more money every single year for education," Scott said.  "Well yes," Zuckerman said, "just because funding goes up doesn’t mean there weren’t also cuts to teachers." So who is right? Did the governor propose cuts at Vermont schools?  The evidence Asked about the claim, Zuckerman’s campaign pointed to a proposal the Scott administration dropped on lawmakers in the home stretch of the 2018 legislative session.  Scott’s finance commissioner, Adam Greshin, pitched the proposal in legislative committees in late April 2018. The statewide average student-to-staff ratio was just above 4-to-1 at the time. The Scott administration proposed reaching a ratio of 5.75-to-1 by 2025, entirely through attrition (not replacing some educators who retire or move on for other reasons).  "We are trying to come up with ways to do this, but we haven’t fully vetted this," Greshin told lawmakers at the time. Under the administration’s proposal, districts that fall below targets set by the state would face fines as high as $20,000 to $40,000. The plan would have gone into effect in 2020, eliminating 1,000 school staff positions statewide over a five-year period and saving about $45 million.  There were about 18,000 school employees statewide at the time of the proposal. Under Scott’s plan, teachers would be targeted, while about 6,000 school workers would be exempted, including bus drivers, cafeteria workers, operations staff, special educators and pre-K teachers. Jason Maulucci, Scott’s campaign director, defended the governor’s statement in an email to VTDigger.  "The governor said ‘never a cut’ because his proposal fully funded FY19 school budgets. The governor does not believe fully funding budgets should be considered a cut," Maulucci said.  "The governor's proposal also would have pegged education spending in subsequent years to the rate of grand list growth, which was projected to increase by an average of 3.25 percent per year over the next five years. Growing education spending by 3.25 percent per year while keeping tax rates level — at least to the governor — does not constitute a cut," he said.  Maulucci added that the "proposal to increase the student-to-staff ratio … relied exclusively on attrition and natural departures" and that only one in every five positions that opened up would be eliminated. Although the proposal included a financial penalty, he added it "did not require districts to lay off teachers and staff and it was not even a mandated ratio increase." Zuckerman said earlier this month the method or timeline of the staffing reduction was irrelevant. "I mean, from what it would be with the number of teachers teaching now, versus the number of teachers teaching in the future, that would be a cut," he said. "Doing it through attrition is still a cut. It might be cutting more slowly."  Asked for further evidence of Zuckerman’s claim, Colleen Jackson, his deputy campaign manager, sent an email with links to news stories and policy handouts from the Vermont-NEA featuring criticism of the Scott administration's staff-student ratio proposal and other belt-tightening proposals.  "As you look at the statement from David in the debate, you are going to have a decision to make about how you define ‘cuts’ and whether you are going to include attempts to incur job losses, loss of revenue as compared to inflation, and how far schools’ resources are going to be able to go," Jackson wrote. "Each of these is a cut to schools." Our ruling Lt. Gov. David Zuckerman told Gov. Phil Scott: "They’ve pushed back against a number of your budgets, including when you were going to cut schools, when you were going to cut teachers and educators in our schools." In 2018, Scott specifically proposed reducing the staffing in Vermont schools by 200 people a year for five years, which was consistent with his view that Vermont spends too much on public K-12 schools. The proposal was slammed by the Vermont-NEA and went nowhere in the Democratically controlled Legislature. But had Scott’s plan been enacted, some schools could have been penalized — as soon as this year — for failing to eliminate teaching positions.  Scott’s proposal also had the explicit intent of curbing school spending, though not through direct demands to cut local school budgets. But Zuckerman did not say budget cuts, or even spending cuts; he specifically said cuts to "teachers and educators." And that’s the explicit purpose of Scott’s proposal.  We rate this claim mostly true. 

Vermont,David Zuckerman

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Thom Tillis

2020-09-08 00:00:00

a campaign ad:

“Shredded Pennsylvania Mail in ballot Applications were discovered in a trailer. The applications were for @realDonaldTrump.”

Noah Y. Kim

2020-10-08 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/08/tiktok-posts/says-joe-bidens-website-shows-he-supports-green-ne/

Says Joe Biden’s website shows that he supports the Green New Deal, despite denials in debate

Former Vice President Joe Biden is being challenged on social media over his muddled messaging on the Green New Deal during the first presidential debate.  A TikTok post plays a clip of the presidential debate in which Biden said he doesn’t support the Green New Deal. The video then shows a screenshot of Biden’s climate action plan, which calls the deal a "crucial framework" for acting on climate challenges. The TikTok user holds up a sign calling Biden a "liar."  Interrupted repeatedly by President Donald Trump, Biden struggled during the debate to explain where he stood on the Green New Deal.  "The Green New Deal is not my plan," he said. Shortly after that, he said the Green New Deal would "pay for itself as we move forward."  When pressed by moderator Chris Wallace, Biden responded, "No, I don’t support the Green New Deal." Biden went on to say that he supports "the Biden plan that I put forward … which is different." In the Oct. 7 vice presidential debate, Biden’s running mate, Sen. Kamala Harris, was also pressed on the issue, with Vice President Mike Pence calling the Biden plan a "$2 trillion version of the Green New Deal" and noting that Harris cosponsored a Green New Deal resolution in the Senate. Harris advocated for the Green New Deal in 2019, when she was a presidential candidate. When moderator Susan Page asked specifically for the Biden-Harris campaign’s view on the Green New Deal, Harris didn’t give a direct answer, and she pivoted to discussing investments in clean-energy jobs.  Biden’s campaign didn’t return requests for comment. But essentially, Biden has claimed that he doesn’t "support" the Green New Deal as is. Rather, he has said, he used it as a framework to build his own plan.  So what makes Biden’s plan different? Let’s start by looking at the Green New Deal.  The Green New Deal was a 2019 House resolution sponsored by Rep. Alexandra Ocasio-Cortez, D-N.Y. On its own, it would not have changed any laws. Rather, it listed a variety of climate change and environmental justice goals — such as universal access to clean water, resiliencies against extreme weather, and pollution and carbon emission reductions "as much as technologically feasible."  It called on federal lawmakers to enact a 10-year "national mobilization" plan to achieve those goals, and said the world needs net-zero carbon emissions by 2050 to prevent severe impacts of climate change.  Biden’s climate plan echoes some of that language, but differs significantly in scope. For example, it also calls for net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. But it’s missing some of the environmental justice goals the Green New Deal included. While Biden may share these goals, his climate plan doesn’t specifically include calls for universal access to high-quality health care and affordable housing.  Biden’s climate action plan gives a nod to the Green New Deal as "a crucial framework for meeting the climate challenges we face." According to his website, the plan borrows "two basic truths" from the Green New Deal: that the U.S. needs to be more ambitious, and that the environment and economy are connected.  Our ruling The TikTok post claimed that text on Joe Biden’s campaign website proves that he supports the Green New Deal, despite his denials in the first presidential debate.  Biden’s plan shares some of the Green New Deal’s goals, and he has acknowledged that his plan was inspired by it. But his plan differs in scope. We rate this claim Half True.

Environment,Climate Change,Debates,TikTok posts

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Joe Biden

2020-09-17 00:00:00

Campaign mailer:

“You were going to cut schools, when you were going to cut teachers and educators in our schools.”

Hayat Norimine

2020-10-08 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/23/martha-mcsally/mark-kelly-did-not-take-chinese-communist-banner-s/

Mark Kelly did not take a Chinese communist banner to space

In her bid to remain a U.S. senator for Arizona, Republican Sen. Martha McSally told voters that she’s standing up to China, and claimed that her Democratic opponent, astronaut Mark Kelly, has done just the opposite, even once taking a "Chinese communist banner" to space with him. "Let me tell you a story, it started in 2003, while he was active duty, Mr. Kelly went over on this Chinese communist government-funded trip, 2003, 2004, 2005, said it was the most meaningful thing in his life other than going to space," McSally said during an Oct. 6 debate in Phoenix. Astronauts get to take just a few things with them to space, and an astronaut who supports her, McSally said, took the U.S. flag and a flag of his state when he went to space. "But what Mark Kelly decided to bring to space was the banner, the Chinese communist banner from this forum, this junket that was paid for by China, of all the things that he could have brought to space," McSally said. Kelly responded that he didn’t know what McSally was talking about or where she got her information. "She might have found something on the internet," he said. We asked McSally’s campaign for information, but the links the campaign provided do not support the claim that Kelly went on a Chinese-government funded trip to the forum or that he took a communist banner with him to space. Kelly took a Young Leaders Forum banner Kelly in 2003, 2004 and 2005 participated in what’s known as the Young Leaders Forum, an annual program of the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations. The National Committee is an American nonpartisan nonprofit that seeks to encourage mutual understanding between citizens of the two countries. The Young Leaders Forum brings together young professionals from the United States and China during a multi-day conference. The location of the forum alternates between the countries each year: In 2003 it was in China, in 2004 it was in the United States, in Arizona. Kelly went to space in 2001 as pilot for STS-108 Endeavour and in 2006 as pilot for STS-121 Discovery. The National Committee on U.S.-China Relations told PolitiFact that the banner that Kelly took to space aboard Discovery in 2006 was made expressly for him by the National Committee, in honor of his shuttle flight and his participation in the Young Leaders Forum. "The claim that Mark Kelly took a ‘Chinese communist banner’ into space is wholly false," said Joseph Weed, director of communications for the group. The National Committee sent PolitiFact pictures of Kelly’s banner, which includes the name of the program spelled out in both English and in Chinese. It also sent a picture of a certificate signed by Kelly, which said the banner and a U.S. flag were flown aboard the space shuttle Discovery to the International Space Station in July 2006.   McSally’s campaign sent PolitiFact a link to an article published by the Washington Free Beacon a few days before the debate. The Sept. 28 post said "the Chinese government invited" Kelly "to an all-expenses-paid retreat at a countryside resort in 2003." The article described the Young Leaders Forum as "a five-day junket cohosted by the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs, which is ‘under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.’"  "Kelly would participate in the 2004 and 2005 conferences as well. He called the experience ‘one of the absolute highlights of my life, second only to flying in space,’ and even took a forum banner into space in 2006," the article said. McSally’s campaign also noted that the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations says on its website: "The National Committee, the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs (CPIFA), and the Forum's U.S. sponsors — led in 2019 by Chubb and Xcoal — cover all lodging, food, and program costs of the YLF retreat for the first two years of our fellows' participation, allowing them to attend one Forum in the United States and one in China." But the U.S. organization says McSally’s claim here is wrong, too. From 2009 onward, the program adopted a new model, Weed said. The National Committee covered all expenses for American and Chinese fellows when the program was conducted in the United States. When it was in China, from 2009 onwards, the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs covered in-country expenses for the forum, including room and board, venue, and some activity costs. When Kelly participated, in the early 2000s, the National Committee and its U.S. sponsors covered all of Kelly’s expenses, including but not limited to transportation, room and board, activities, conference fees, and entry fees for all Young Leaders Forum fellows, Weed said. The events Kelly attended were not "paid for by China," Weed said. The National Committee interacted with the Chinese People's Institute of Foreign Affairs for administrative purposes, in order to conduct the program, he said. "This was for things like receiving permissions and communicating with Chinese citizens," Weed said. "These administrative interactions had no financial part in the program and no funding came from Chinese sources." Jacob Peters, a spokesman for Kelly’s campaign, noted that Kelly brought an American flag into space in 2001. A 2001 NASA picture shows Kelly and a mission specialist holding a bag of several American flags; a caption for the photo says a U.S. flag recovered from the debris of the World Trade Center after 9/11 was also aboard. (The United States flag is also featured in the uniforms of American astronauts, including Kelly’s.) Peters also said that McSally left out important context as to why Kelly considers the Young Leaders Forum a meaningful life event — at the 2003 function, Kelly met his future wife, Gabrielle Giffords. At the time, Giffords was an Arizona state senator and later became a U.S. congresswoman. Our ruling McSally said Kelly took to space a "Chinese communist banner." This is wrong. Kelly did not take to space a banner of China’s communist government. Kelly took to space a banner made for him commemorating both his space flight and his participation in young leaders conferences in 2003, 2004, and 2005. A U.S. flag was also on board. The annual Young Leaders Forum is organized by a U.S. group that seeks to bring together young American and Chinese professionals, so they better understand each other’s country.  The National Committee on U.S.-China Relations said China did not pay for Kelly’s participation, and that the U.S. organization’s interaction with a Chinese institute was only for administrative purposes. We rate McSally’s claim False.

Arizona,Space,Martha McSally

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3641, 627]

Fred Upton

2020-10-01 00:00:00

a campaign ad:

Says Joe Biden’s website shows that he supports the Green New Deal, despite denials in debate.

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-10-22 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/22/facebook-posts/bidens-income-sources-arent-such-big-mystery/

Biden’s income sources aren’t such a big mystery

When Joe Biden left office in early 2017 after four years as vice president, his finances reflected the salary he earned as a longtime public servant. He and his wife, Jill, a teacher and professor, reported adjusted gross income of just under $400,000 on their joint tax return form in 2016. In the years that followed, though, their adjusted gross income ballooned: to about $11 million in 2017, plus another $5.6 million over 2018 and 2019. The change intrigued social media users. One Facebook post says, "Joe & Jill Biden’s income went from $396,456 in 2016, to $16,596,979 in 2017-2019. Anyone else want to know where that money is coming from?" The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) It’s among several posts that have tried to raise questions about the sources of the Bidens’ wealth. The post compares a one-year income figure to a combined three years, inflating the difference somewhat. But the figures themselves are right on the money: The Bidens reported earning $396,456 in 2016 and a total of $16,596,979 from 2017 to 2019 — which includes $11,031,309 in 2017; $4,580,437 in 2018; and $985,233 in 2019. But the big mystery postulated in the claim — "Anyone else want to know where that money is coming from?" — is not such a big mystery. Many of the answers are detailed in the tax documents the Bidens have made public, which make clear that their big income gain for those years came mostly from fees for speaking engagements and book deals. Most of Joe Biden’s paid speeches from late 2017 through mid-2018 were part of a tour promoting his November 2017 book "Promise Me, Dad," a New York Times bestseller about the loss of his son Beau to brain cancer.  Biden’s book-tour events brought income ranging from a low of $8,000 to one "VIP experience" that commanded nearly $235,000 and included preferential seating and a reception, according to his presidential financial disclosure form. Biden earned a total of $1.8 million from 30 book tour events, based on the disclosure. The book sold more than 300,000 copies, Forbes reported.  "Promise Me, Dad" was part of a deal Biden struck with Flatiron Books to write two non-fiction works as well as a third book with Jill Biden, according to Publishers Weekly, which reported that the three-book deal was worth $8 million. Besides his book tour, Biden participated in events such as the MPSF Speaker Series in California, where he delivered four speeches around the state for a total of about $500,000, according to the financial disclosure. From late 2017 through July 2019, he had 19 speaking engagements that earned him a total of $2.4 million, the disclosure says. The Bidens’ sources of income from 2017 through summer 2019 also included Jill Biden’s speaking engagements, which brought in about $700,000, and Joe Biden’s job as a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, which paid an annual salary of $540,484, according to the disclosure.  The money the Bidens earned from book deals and speaking engagements was routed through two S corporations they formed, CelticCapri Corp. and Giacoppa Corp. In his 2019 presidential financial disclosure form, Joe Biden lists $425,000 in salary and $2.8 million in a distributive share from CelticCapri. Our ruling A Facebook post says Joe and Jill Biden’s income jumped from $396,456 in 2016 to a combined $16,596,979 in 2017-2019, and asks "Anyone else want to know where that money is coming from?" The suggestion that the Bidens’ income sources are unknown is misleading. They are substantially explained on the tax returns and financial disclosures that the Bidens made public. Those documents show that the Bidens’ increased income from 2017 to 2019 came mostly from speaking engagements and book deals. This claim takes the Bidens’ reported incomes from 2016-2019 out of context. We rate this claim Half True.

Taxes,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Instagram posts

2020-09-29 00:00:00

a debate:

An impersonator in a Joe Biden mask gave an interview as Joe Biden.

Clara Hendrickson

2020-10-22 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/27/american-principles-project/conservative-groups-claim-joe-biden-backs-sex-chan/

Conservative group’s claim that Joe Biden backs sex changes for kids is False

In a tweet promoting its new attack ad, a conservative super PAC  claims: "Joe Biden says he supports sex changes for kids." The 30-second spot by the American Principles Project doesn’t go quite as far as the tweet, but strongly suggests that Biden endorses sex changes for kids. Biden, the Democratic presidential nominee, has stated opposition to discrimination against transgender people, not support for sex changes for children. The ad that’s promoted In what appears to be a medical operating room, a voiceover says: "Sex changes for kids?" and the same words on the screen. "Most Americans say that’s going way too far, but not Joe Biden," the narrator says. Then the ad shows a clip of Biden saying, with his words also shown on the screen: "An 8-year-old child decides, I want to be transgender; that’s what I think I’d like to be." The ad ends with the narrator saying: "If Joe Biden is willing to endorse sex changes for second-graders, what won’t he support?" The rest of what Biden said The clip is from an Oct. 15 town hall in Pennsylvania that aired on ABC. Biden answered a question from Mieke Haeck, who said she has an 8-year-old daughter who is transgender.  Biden does not state that he supports sex changes for children. He states opposition to transgender discrimination.  Haeck: "The Trump administration has attacked the rights of transgender people, banning them from military service, weakening non-discrimination protections, and even removing the word transgender from some government websites. How will you, as president, reverse this dangerous and discriminatory agenda and ensure that the lives and rights of LGBTQ people are protected under U.S. law?" Biden: "I will flat out just change the law. Eliminate those executive orders, number one. ... My dad was a high school-educated, well-read man who was a really decent guy. And I was being dropped off to get an application in the center of our city, Wilmington, Delaware, the corporate capital of the world at the time. And these two men —  I’m getting out to get an application to be a lifeguard in the African-American community, because there was a big swimming pool complex. "And these two men, well-dressed, leaned up and hugged one another and kissed one another. I’m getting out of the car at the light, and I turned to my dad. My dad looked at me. He said, ‘Joey, it’s simple. They love each other.’ The idea that an 8-year-old child or a 10-year-old child decides, ‘You know, I decided I want to be transgender. That’s what I think I’d like to be. It’d make my life a lot easier.’ There should be zero discrimination. And what’s happening is too many transgender women of color are being murdered. They’re being murdered. I think it’s up to, now, 17. Don’t hold me to that number, but it’s higher now?"  Haeck: "Yeah." Biden: "And that’s just this year. And so I promise you, there is no reason to suggest that there should be any right denied your daughter, or daughters, whichever, one or two."   Haeck: "One." Biden: "One. Your daughter, that your other daughter has a right to be and do. None. Zero. And by the way, my son Beau, who passed away, was the attorney general of the state of Delaware. He was the guy who got the first transgender law passed in the state of Delaware. And because of a young man who became a woman, who worked for him in the attorney general's office." American Principles Project spokesman Paul Dupont argued to PolitiFact that "implied in the assertion that there should be zero discrimination" is that children should "have access to any medical treatments that will facilitate" a sex change. But Biden made no such statement. Dupont also cited Biden’s support of the federal Equality Act. But that measure would prohibit discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity in employment, education and public accommodations. On his campaign website, Biden criticizes the Trump administration’s decision to block the ability of transgender individuals to openly serve in the military. That section does not mention children.  Biden’s campaign did not reply to our requests for information. Our ruling American Principles Project claimed: "Joe Biden says he supports sex changes for kids." Biden has stated opposition to discrimination against transgender people, he has not said he supports for sex changes for children. We rate the statement False. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.

Children,Sexuality,American Principles Project

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Republican Party of Wisconsin

2020-10-01 00:00:00

a video:

Says Sen. Gary Peters “downplayed the pandemic” and “failed to act.”

Miriam Valverde

2020-10-27 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/27/donald-trump/trump-wrong-claim-us-padding-covid-19-stats/

Trump wrong to claim U.S. is padding COVID-19 stats

Speaking at one of his many recent Wisconsin rallies, President Donald Trump said skewed stats mean the COVID-19 pandemic is overblown. The pandemic response under Trump has been a central issue of the presidential campaign, with Democratic nominee Joe Biden and an array of third-party groups hammering Trump in campaign ads for what he has — and hasn’t — done to address COVID-19. Pushing back on this point in Waukesha on Oct. 24, 2020, Trump pointed to how the country is counting COVID-19 deaths and funding COVID-19 healthcare coverage. "Some countries, they report differently. If somebody's sick with a heart problem, and they die of COVID, they say, ‘They died of a heart problem,’" Trump said. "If somebody's terminally ill with cancer (in the U.S.), and they have COVID, we report them (as a COVID death). And you know, doctors get more money and hospitals get more money. Think of this incentive. … Then you wonder, ‘Gee, I wonder why their cases are so low.’ (The U.S.) and their reporting systems are really not doing it right." Trump’s contention is that we are counting deaths we shouldn’t actually attribute to COVID-19. And his implication — by mentioning the cost — is that this is being done to financially benefit the healthcare industry. This gets at a core question for many COVID-19 skeptics — whether the widely-publicized tallies are deaths from COVID-19 or with COVID-19. Let’s dig in. What counts as a COVID death? Trump is right that a terminal cancer patient’s death could be counted as a COVID-19 death. But experts say he’s wrong that there’s anything illogical about that. The decision how to report cause of death is made independently at the local level by a physician, medical examiner or coroner, then listed on each person’s death certificate. The federal agency that oversees mortality data said what is listed as the "underlying" (i.e. primary) cause of death comes down to timing. "If a terminal patient still had, say 6 months to live, but was infected by the virus and died, the certifier might determine that COVID-19 was the underlying cause of death because of the timing," Bob Anderson, chief of mortality statistics at the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics, said in an email. "In the same way, if that same terminal cancer patient was in a car accident and died from that trauma, the car accident would be the underlying cause. If, on the other hand, death from terminal cancer was imminent or COVID-19 symptoms were mild, COVID-19 might be viewed only as a contributing factor —not the underlying cause — or, if the patient was asymptomatic, it might not be viewed as a factor at all — and therefore, not reported on the death certificate." The approach to identifying an underlying cause is laid out by the World Health Organization, which  says a "death due to COVID-19 is defined for surveillance purposes as a death resulting from a clinically compatible illness, in a probable or confirmed COVID-19 case, unless there is a clear alternative cause of death that cannot be related to COVID disease (e.g. trauma)." The Center for Health Statistics says this guidance is "used in virtually all countries to code and classify causes of death." In other words, Trump is wrong about U.S. stats being skewed because other countries take a different approach. And his hypothetical about how other countries would classify a person with heart disease who died of COVID-19 is wrong as well. Among the COVID-19 deaths tallied by the Center for Health Statistics (based on death certificates), COVID-19 was the underlying cause in 92% of them. So roughly speaking, that’s the group that medical professionals determined on an individual basis died from COVID. The remaining 8% are closer to the dying with COVID category — though listing COVID-19 at all means officials believe it played a role in that person dying at that point. In short, this distinction between dying from COVID or with COVID isn’t nearly enough to alter the scale of the national pandemic, which has killed more than 200,000 Americans. Understanding comorbidities We should note minimizing COVID by attacking the death figures is hardly a new tactic from Trump. Trump said in a Sept. 1, 2020 interview on Fox News, "I saw a statistic come out the other day, talking about only 6% of the people actually died from COVID, which is a very interesting — that they died from other reasons." Trump was referring to CDC data listing comorbidities that went viral due to widespread misinterpretation. The report lists other medical issues people had when they died of COVID-19 — and noted that 94% of people who died of COVID also had another medical issue. RELATED: No, the CDC did not ‘quietly adjust’ US coronavirus deaths PolitiFact National rated Trump’s claim Pants on Fire  after detailing an array of expert input on the nature of this tally. Since Trump is applying similar logic in his latest claim, let’s review what experts told our fact-checkers at the time: "The point that the CDC was trying to make was that a certain percentage of them had nothing else but just COVID-19," said Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, in a Sept. 1 interview with "Good Morning America." "That does not mean that someone who has hypertension or diabetes who dies of COVID didn’t die of COVID-19 — they did." "The numbers that you’ve been hearing, the 180,000-plus deaths, are real deaths from COVID-19. Let there not be any confusion about that." So why do 94% of death certificates that mention COVID-19 also list other conditions? When a coronavirus patient is admitted to the hospital, the virus is listed on their medical record. Since the coronavirus attacks the lungs, perhaps they develop respiratory failure, which would also be listed on their record. Unfortunately, they die after going into cardiac arrest, so doctors take note of that, too. All three of those conditions would be listed on the patient’s death certificate, but COVID-19 started the process. "The people dying were not going to die but for the acquisition of COVID," said Dr. Myron Cohen, director of the Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The financial angle Lastly, let’s examine Trump’s claim that doctors and hospitals have an "incentive" to code a certain way because they get paid more. It is true that hospitals get an extra 20% for Medicare patients being treated for COVID-19. This was part of a coronavirus relief bill Trump himself signed on March 27, 2020. Medicare (which covers about 40% of all hospital patients) provides a flat rate payment based on the patient’s diagnosis, and the CARES act included additional payment to address the complications and costs that typically accompany COVID-19 patients. But Trump’s implication that something nefarious is connected to this is unsupported. We’ve seen no evidence health officials are misidentifying COVID patients for financial gain on any significant scale, and doing so for a Medicare patient would be prosecutable as fraud, experts say.  A similar claim questioning whether COVID counts are inflated because of the financial incentive was rated Half True by PolitiFact National in April. The fact-check noted the additional payments are real but there is no evidence of numbers being padded a result. To the contrary, researchers have noted the U.S. is likely undercounting COVID-19 deaths due to lack of testing, since the number of people dying nationwide in 2020 is well above normal rates.  The CDC reported Oct. 23 that the U.S. has had 300,000 more deaths in 2020 than would be expected in a typical year, two-thirds of which can be attributed directly to COVID-19. Analyses by the Washington Post, Yale University and others said the remaining deaths are likely from two main sources: Deaths related to COVID-19 where COVID wasn’t listed on death certificates and "deaths at home or in nursing homes from heart attacks, diabetes, strokes and Alzheimer’s disease, among people afraid to seek care in hospitals or unable to get it," the Post reported Our ruling Trump said at a Waukesha rally the U.S. is "really not doing (COVID-19) reporting right" because deaths are being improperly counted and hospitals have an "incentive" to pad stats. This is wrong on every point. The U.S. is following the same COVID-19 death reporting guidelines as nearly every other country, which come from the World Health Organization. Under those guidelines, someone with heart disease, cancer or any other disease whose death is hastened by COVID-19 would be listed as COVID-19 death. And while COVID-19 patients do generate slightly higher payments to hospitals if they’re covered by Medicare — due to a bill Trump himself signed — there’s no evidence this has led to any widespread fraud or incorrect reporting as Trump implies. We rate this claim False.  

Elections,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Donald Trump

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Preserve America PAC

2020-10-06 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Mark Kelly took to space a “Chinese communist banner.”

Monique Curet

2020-10-27 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/27/donald-trump/donald-trump-says-you-can-change-your-vote-most-st/

Donald Trump says you can change your vote in most states. That’s misleading

Exactly a week before Election Day, President Donald Trump tweeted some voting advice to his supporters, saying they could change their votes from Joe Biden to him. "Strongly Trending (Google) since immediately after the second debate is CAN I CHANGE MY VOTE? This refers changing it to me. The answer in most states is YES. Go do it. Most important Election of your life!" Strongly Trending (Google) since immediately after the second debate is CAN I CHANGE MY VOTE? This refers changing it to me. The answer in most states is YES. Go do it. Most important Election of your life!— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) October 27, 2020 The answer is actually most likely no. (We’ll deal later on with whether the question "Can I change my vote" was trending on Google.) Voting experts say this tactic is not as widely available as Trump suggested. It depends heavily on the status of your ballot.  "It is not correct that most states allow you to cancel an already cast absentee ballot," said Matthew Weil, director of the Elections Project at the Bipartisan Policy Center. "It depends on when processing begins and what processing means in that state. The majority of states would not allow voters to cancel already cast ballots." The Trump campaign did not respond to an inquiry for this article. Here are some scenarios when it comes to your ballot.  Scenario 1: You’ve received your mail ballot, and it’s still in your possession. This is the category that gives voters the most options. Obviously, if you haven’t marked your ballot yet, you can simply mark your current choice and submit it. It gets a bit trickier if you’ve marked your ballot, want to change your vote, but haven’t turned in the ballot yet.  An analysis of state election laws by ProPublica found that most states will allow people to cancel an as-yet unreturned ballot as long as they come in to vote in person and work with election officials to make sure their records indicate that the in-person vote is the one that should count. In some states, the voter will have to cast a provisional ballot in this situation. Often, election officials will need to take possession of the un-cast ballot and destroy it. Scenario 2: You’ve submitted your mail ballot. Experts say there are three states — Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan — that specifically allow you to change your mind and cast a new ballot before Election Day. But it depends on when you change your mind. "Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan have clear rules about canceling an already cast absentee ballot," Weil said. However, Weil added that Minnesota’s deadline for doing this has already passed. In Connecticut, you may be able to change your mind, depending on what township you’re voting in, added Jessica Huseman, who is the lead reporter for ProPublica’s Electionland project, which covers election administration. The key in all cases is whether your ballot has been tabulated yet. If it’s been counted, you can’t call it back. "Once the ballot envelopes are verified for eligibility and the ballots are removed from the envelope and put through a tabulator, that’s the ball game," Weil said. "Once a ballot is in a tabulator, it can’t be canceled, because you can’t link it back to a specific voter." So, in a state that only starts counting ballots on Election Day, such as New York, it is possible for a person to vote in person and have that take precedence over a mail ballot you cast earlier. In other states, however, ballots are counted before Election Day, making this approach impossible. Scenario 3: You’ve voted in person, whether early or on Election Day. If you’ve voted in person, you’re out of luck. "I cannot think of a way for a person to change an in-person vote, because votes are secret and you can’t call it back," Huseman said. "This is the same reason that you can’t recast an already-counted mail in vote, because after it leaves the envelope it is no longer traced to you." Experts said they aren’t aware of solid data on how often ballots are called back because the voter changed their mind, but they said it’s probably rare. "It cannot be a huge number, since we know that most absentee ballots that are requested are ultimately counted as submitted," Weil said. Was there a spike in Google searches? For the record, there was a spike in Google searching of "Can I change my vote" during the week of Oct. 18 to Oct. 24, though it had been rising fairly consistently since early September.    Still, Trump’s statement doesn’t tell the whole story. One potential reason that the phrase spiked on Google could be that, as Election Day gets closer, more voters are starting to research the voting process. That jibes with other Trends data that reveal an influx of searches for early and mail-in voting. In 2016, there was a similar uptick in searches for "Can I change my vote?" in the days leading up to Election Day. This year, search interest in other voting-related phrases, such as "Where can I vote?" and "early voting," also spiked around the same time that "Can I change my vote?" started to tick up. Google Trends says the top election-related searches from the past week are generic, such as "election" and "polls." Google warns against reading too much into the data. "A spike in a particular topic does not reflect that a topic is somehow ‘popular’ or ‘winning,’ only that for some unspecified reason, there appear to be many users performing a search about a topic," Google says in an FAQ page. "Google Trends data should always be considered as one data point among others before drawing conclusions." Our ruling Trump tweeted, "CAN I CHANGE MY VOTE? ... The answer in most states is YES." This may be feasible for voters who have not yet returned their mail ballot, as long as they go in to vote in person and work with election officials to cancel their original ballot. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more However, only a handful of states explicitly allow ballots that have been cast to be called back prior to Election Day. And a voter would be entirely out of luck for changing their vote if their mail ballot has already been tabulated prior to Election Day, or if they voted early in person. We rate the statement Mostly False.

Elections,Donald Trump

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David Zuckerman

2020-09-27 00:00:00

a television ad:

Says “Joe & Jill Biden’s income went from $396,456 in 2016, to $16,596,979 in 2017-2019. Anyone else want to know where that money is coming from?”

Tom Kertscher

2020-10-27 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/27/facebook-posts/hunter-biden-alive-despite-social-media-claims-abo/

Hunter Biden is alive, despite social media claims about overdose

With one week until Election Day, fringe internet platforms are spreading disinformation about Joe Biden’s son. An Oct. 25 Facebook post says Hunter Biden died after an overdose on crack cocaine. As evidence, the user cites a post on a fringe internet platform where users can post anonymously. "Someone posted on 8Kun that Hunter died of a crack overdose and Joe already on way to hospital," the Facebook post says. "I can’t verify (this) but (a) crack (overdose) sounds like BS or code. We know something like this will be going down just don’t know when." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) We found dozens of similar posts on Facebook and Instagram using CrowdTangle, a social media insights tool, as well as on TikTok. There is no evidence to support the claim that Hunter Biden has died after an overdose. No news organizations, including celebrity gossip outlets like TMZ, have reported that Hunter Biden overdosed.  The rumor originated on internet platforms known to spread disinformation. 8kun, formerly known as 8chan, calls itself "the darkest reaches of the internet." The site rebranded in fall 2019 after manifestos related to three mass shootings were posted on the platform. Several Facebook and Instagram posts claiming Hunter Biden died cite a thread on 4chan, another forum that’s similar to 8kun. The thread, posted by an anonymous user with an avatar of a frog in a robe, says Hunter Biden overdosed Oct. 25. "Joe is already on his way to the hospital," the thread claims. There is no evidence to back that up. Joe Biden held a virtual concert Oct. 25 and spoke during the event, which started after the 4chan thread was posted.  The 4chan thread and related Facebook posts are part of a conspiracy theory involving Hunter Biden’s purported laptop, which the New York Post reported earlier this month was left at a Delaware computer repair shop.  The theory goes like this: A laptop belonging to Hunter Biden contains illicit images of minors, which the FBI is investigating. In order to hide the evidence, someone will kill Hunter Biden and make it look like an accident. That playbook is similar to what happened to Jeffrey Epstein, a financier and convicted sex offender who died in jail in August 2019. There is no evidence to support that conspiracy theory. We’ve debunked similar claims about Hunter Biden’s laptop and Epstein’s death. RELATED: Fact-checking unproven claims about Hunter Biden and child pornography What’s true is that Hunter Biden has struggled with drug addiction in the past, something that his father has addressed on the campaign trail. "My son, like a lot of people, like a lot of people you know at home, had a drug problem," Biden said during the first presidential debate in September. "He's overtaken it, he's fixed it, he's worked on it, and I'm proud of him." We reached out to the Biden campaign for a comment, but we haven’t heard back. The Facebook post is inaccurate. We rate it False.

National,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Viral image

2020-10-19 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

U.S. is “really not doing (COVID-19) reporting right” because deaths are being improperly counted and hospitals have an “incentive” to pad stats.

Daniel Funke

2020-09-16 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/16/mun-choi/mun-chois-numbers-are-when-it-comes-icu-beds-aroun/

Mun Choi’s numbers are off when it comes to ICU beds around Mizzou and UNC

At the end of the first week of classes, the University of Missouri chancellor said it wasn’t shutting down campus and used available hospital bed capacity as one of the reasons.  Mizzou Chancellor Mun Choi compared available ICU beds between his county and the county that’s home to the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. UNC sent its students home after a week of classes.  A week after its start date, UNC had at least 177 positive cases of COVID-19. MU, on the other hand, had 415 students identified after its first week. (Note: The schools opened a week apart.)  "We are prepared," Choi said at the Aug. 28 press conference. "We have more hospital beds that are staffed and the number of ICU beds is larger in Boone County by a factor of three."  UNC-Chapel Hill is located in Orange County, in what is commonly referred to as the Research Triangle. Its campus is about 12 miles from Duke University Hospital, so it surprised us that Missouri would compare so favorably.  As it turns out, our suspicions were affirmed.   Tracking the numbers Christian Basi, director of the MU News Bureau, cited data from Johns Hopkins University that listed Boone County as having 150 ICU beds and Orange County as having 47 ICU beds. Or, in other words, just about three times as many at Mizzou.  Johns Hopkins defines ICU beds as an "adult bed, pediatric bed, birthing room, or newborn ICU bed" in addition to psychiatric ICU beds and detox ICU beds. Another database, from The Leapfrog Group, a non-profit organization that advocates transparency in healthcare, lists UNC Medical Center as having 82 ICU beds, many more than the Johns Hopkins data. MU hospitals were not reported to this database. So we looked for other, more direct sources:  Boone County: 144 adult ICU beds  Boone Hospital Center has 32 ICU beds, according to Aug. 3 data from the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services. University of Missouri Health Care had 98 adult ICU beds, according to an April press release.  Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital has 14 ICU beds. Only students who are serving or served in the military qualify to be seen there.   Orange County: 136 adult ICU beds UNC Medical Center in Chapel Hill has 138 ICU beds and UNC Hospitals Hillsborough Campus has 18 ICU beds, according to Phil Bridges, executive director of integrated communications for UNC Health. But 20 of the beds are pediatric ICU, making the total 136 for adults. In other words, there is only an eight-bed difference between counties.   Lots of choices beyond Orange County MU lies pretty much in the center of Boone County. While UNC is in Orange County, the town of Chapel Hill actually dips into three counties, including Durham and Chatham.  So what does the picture look like when you go by proximity?  In MU’s 30-mile radius, Jefferson City’s Capital Region Medical Center and SSM St. Mary’s Hospital offer 24 ICU beds total, which brings the mid-Missouri total to 168.  In the Chapel Hill area, there are 209 ICU beds available. These hospitals are Duke University Medical Center, Duke Regional Center, Duke Raleigh Center, UNC Rex Hospital and Wake Med Cary. When you expand the lens, it’s apparent that there are regionally more beds in the Orange County area than in Boone County, although the Research Triangle population is also about eight times larger. Our ruling  At a press conference, Choi said, "the number of ICU beds is larger in Boone County by a factor of three." His math matches data from Johns Hopkins University. But a closer look shows the number of adult ICU beds to be close to the same in Boone and Orange counties.   With all things considered, we give this claim a rating of False.

Education,Health Care,Missouri,Coronavirus,Mun Choi

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John James

2020-10-20 00:00:00

an ad:

“CAN I CHANGE MY VOTE? ... The answer in most states is YES.”

Daniel Funke

2020-09-16 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/16/facebook-posts/no-trump-doesnt-have-child-protective-force-search/

No, Trump doesn’t have a ‘child protective force’ searching for missing children

A social media post says that President Donald Trump is underappreciated for his actions to help missing children. "You people hate on Trump but he put on a child protective force that found over 300 missing kids in less than 30 days," the Facebook post reads. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) There is no evidence Trump created a "child protective force," or that his administration found more than 300 missing children in less than 30 days.  Such an event would have likely prompted attention from news outlets, but PolitiFact searched news archives and found nothing to suggest that more than 300 missing children had been found recently.  Social media platforms are seeing a wave of misinformation related to child abuse and trafficking. Followers of a baseless conspiracy theory called QAnon have been promoting the belief that Trump is working behind the scenes to bring down a child trafficking ring led by prominent Democrats and celebrities. The FBI considers QAnon a potential domestic terrorism threat. Operations by U.S. Marshals Service The Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015 gave the U.S. Marshals Service, a unit of the Justice Department, more authority to help local officials find missing children. The bill passed in Congress with bipartisan support, and President Barack Obama signed it into law in May 2015.  By 2016, according to the agency’s annual report and a fact sheet, the Marshals Service had created a Missing Child Unit to help federal, state and local law enforcement locate "missing, endangered or abducted children, regardless of whether a fugitive or sex offender was involved." That was before Trump took office. In August 2020, the Missing Child Unit, along with state and local agencies, conducted a two-week operation known as "Operation Not Forgotten" that found 39 missing children in Georgia.  According to a press release, 26 children were rescued, 13 were safely located and nine arrests were made.  "The message to missing children and their families is that we will never stop looking for you," Donald Washington, the director of the Marshals Service, said in the statement. In October 2018, U.S. Marshals reported that a one-day sting operation in Michigan resulted in the recovery of more than 100 missing children. The operation "sought to identify and recover 301 missing children, with an emphasis on locating victims of sex trafficking," according to news reports. Local officials reported that 107 children were found, and 103 of those children were "either at home or where they belonged." Other news outlets reported that the Marshals’ Oct. 3 press release, which has since been taken down, exaggerated the success of the Michigan operation. The Marshals’ press release said 123 children had been recovered — it included 16 children the Marshals recovered in a separate operation.  The press release also said three children were potentially linked to sex trafficking and one teenager was found homeless, but the release didn’t "elaborate on where the remaining 119 children were found," HuffPost reported.  The Detroit News reported: "Only four of the children in that group were actually missing; the rest were merely listed as missing in police computers, Michigan State Police Lt. Michael Shaw said. Shaw said most of the kids had been reported as missing in the past, but their parents never alerted police they'd returned home."  Whether the Michigan operation located 107 or 123 missing children, neither number supports the post’s claim that Trump administration officials "found over 300 missing kids in less than 30 days."   Our ruling A Facebook post says Trump established a "child protective force that found over 300 missing kids in less than 30 days." The U.S. Marshals Missing Child Unit conducted operations in 2018 and 2020 to locate children listed as missing. Many of them turned out to be where they lived or belonged.  There is no evidence Trump created a "child protective force," or that 300 missing children were found in less than a month. We rate this claim False. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.

Children,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-10-24 00:00:00

Speech:

Says Hunter Biden “died of a crack overdose.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-09-16 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/16/josh-hawley/us-postal-service-has-most-cash-hand-though-debt-s/

U.S. Postal Service has the most cash on hand, though debt still looms

2020 has brought an unlikely federal service into the spotlight. The United States Postal Service has been at center stage due to President Donald Trump’s outspoken mistrust of mail-in ballot voting and his reluctance to approve $25 billion in Postal Service funding.  After facing losses from the beginning months of COVID-19, its ongoing debt, and an increase in mail-in ballots for the election, some legislators say the Postal Service needs the funds. Sen. Josh Hawley (R-Mo.) disagrees. In an Aug. 23 Facebook post, he said the Postal Service has the manpower and the money to function just fine in November. Hawley called the Democrats’ push for more money "hysteria." He added, "USPS currently has the most cash on hand in its history, approx $15 billion." That’s a lot of cash on hand — and a bold claim —  so we decided to follow the money. Cash on Hand To understand the claim, we need to know what  "cash on hand" means: cash and cash equivalents. It’s like how much cash is in the register at a store. It’s money that can be used immediately.  Businesses can still have a considerable amount of cash on hand, even when they are in debt. Being in debt means a company still owes money that they’ve borrowed or taken out in loans. Now back to Hawley.  His information comes from a virtual Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee hearing on U.S. Postal Service on Aug. 21. At the hearing, Postmaster General Louis DeJoy said there was "somewhere between $14-15 billion" in cash on hand. The most recent information is from two separate documents, and we get two answers. According to the latest financial statement from the Postal Service in June, the agency had over $13 billion in cash and restricted cash. In a more recent fact sheet from the U.S. Department of Treasury, the service had $14.2 billion in cash on hand as of Aug. 12.  Hawley’s approximation is close. This is the most cash on hand that the Postal Service has had — at least in the past 16 years. According to an email from spokesperson David Coleman, the data available to his team goes back only to 2004. 2020’s cash on hand is the highest: at least $13 billion, compared to around $9 billion in 2019. So it’s hard to verify whether that’s the most in history. The modern Postal Service dates back to 1970 legislation that reorganized it from a Cabinet position to an independent agency. Ongoing losses According to an Aug. 21 statement from the Postal Service, the agency has been experiencing losses for years.  "Since 2007," the statement reads, "the Postal Service has experienced nearly $80 billion in cumulative losses." It says that the financial year of 2019 had losses near $9 billion, and 2020 will be close to $11 billion.  The Service says they can manage the influx of mail-in ballots this year.  Election mail is predicted to "amount to less than 2% of total mail volume from mid-September to Election Day," according to the statement. Hawley agrees that the Postal Service can handle this unprecedented election.  "The Postmaster testified before Congress that USPS has the money, the manpower, and the resources to deliver the mail safely and on time through the election," Hawley said in an email from his team. "He said he is committed to not implementing any measure that could possibly slow down the mail between now and November."  Still, the Postmaster General says sending in your ballots early is best. Our Ruling As of Aug. 12, The Postal Service has about $14.2 billion in cash on hand. Hawley claimed: "USPS currently has the most cash on hand in its history, approx $15 billion." The Postal Service finance department could only confirm that this is the most cash on hand since 2004, according to a Postal Service spokesman. All of history is a lot longer than 16 years ago though, so it is hard to confirm this part of the claim completely. With the losses the Postal Service has experienced, the cash on hand may not be as helpful as it may sound.  The statement is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. We rate Hawley’s claim Mostly True. 

Federal Budget,Missouri,Josh Hawley

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American Principles Project

2020-10-27 00:00:00

a tweet:

If Joe Biden steps down, Nancy Pelosi will become vice president.

Simone Esters

2020-09-16 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/16/tony-evers/wisconsin-trending-poorly-covid-19-cases-evers-sta/

Wisconsin is trending poorly on COVID-19 cases, but Evers’ stat isn’t quite right

In a Sept. 15, 2020, daily briefing on the COVID-19 pandemic, Gov. Tony Evers made his case that Wisconsin needs to take the coronavirus more seriously. "We need to take every precaution, perhaps more than ever to keep our families, neighbors and communities safe," Evers said. "On Sunday, we had another record-setting day for the number of positive cases." That’s correct — the 1,582 tally on Sept. 13 was the highest yet. Then the governor addressed where Wisconsin stood relative to other states. "According to a nationwide analysis, Wisconsin is one of the nine states with the highest rate of infection per capita," Evers said. "We cannot continue on this path. At one point, Wisconsin was in a pretty good place, but that is no longer the case." Is Wisconsin really among the nine worst states in the nation? Evers is right about trending in the wrong direction, but his description of the stat isn’t quite right. Let’s take a closer look. Wisconsin cases have spiked Asked for evidence of the nine-worst-states claim, Evers’ staff pointed to a New York Times breakdown of cases by state. The analysis, updated daily, shows Wisconsin as of Sept. 15 had the fifth-highest number of new cases per capita over the last seven days — 147 per 100,000 residents. Only North Dakota, South Dakota, Missouri and Oklahoma were worse in that span. The Times used that data to identify Wisconsin as one of nine states "where new cases are higher and staying high." Indeed, since the start of September, the number of new cases and the percentage of positive tests in Wisconsin have both marched steadily upwards, regularly hitting highs not seen before  during the pandemic. But that’s not exactly how Evers described the situation. He said Wisconsin was among those with the "highest rate of infection per capita," with no mention that he was only referring to the preceding week. And in the longer view, Wisconsin stacks up differently. The Times data showed Wisconsin is 30th in cases per capita overall. That’s in line with similar data maintained by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and others.  In other words, Wisconsin was in much better shape relative to other states earlier in the pandemic, but not anymore — which was Evers’ underlying point. Britt Cudaback, a spokeswoman for Evers, said his statement should be understood as referring to only recent cases by implication, since it was during a discussion of recent trends. Our ruling In a media briefing on COVID-19, Evers said, "Wisconsin is one of the nine states with the highest rate of infection per capita." Evers was discussing how the Wisconsin situation used to be better than most states, but now it’s among the worst. That general point is correct, but his reference isn’t quite right. Wisconsin is among the states with the highest rates of new cases, a crucial descriptor that Evers left out of his stat. Without that, Evers’ statement could refer to total cases in Wisconsin, where the state ranks 30th. We define Mostly True as a statement that is accurate but needs clarification or additional information. That fits here.

Health Care,Public Health,Wisconsin,Coronavirus,Tony Evers

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Donald Trump

2020-10-25 00:00:00

a text post:

“The number of ICU beds is larger in Boone County by a factor of three” compared to Orange County for the University of North Carolina.

Madison Czopek

2020-09-16 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/12/tiktok-posts/was-central-park-once-town-called-seneca-village/

Was Central Park once a town called Seneca Village?

A viral TikTok post says New York City’s Central Park once was a town called Seneca Village. The video, which was later removed from the platform, boasted over 3 million views. It’s preserved in this tweet. In the video, TikTok user Hannah Stater said in part, "Central Park actually used to be a town called Seneca Village that was founded by freed African American slaves in 1825." She added that the residents were evicted and that this history is not well known because it’s "uncomfortable." This description is largely accurate. What was Seneca Village? From 1825 to 1857, Seneca Village consisted of the land between 82nd and 89th Streets and 7th and 8th Avenues. The land was purchased by a white couple, John and Elizabeth Whitehead, in 1824. It was soon subdivided into smaller plots. Columbia University's Seneca Village Project has identified Seneca Village as the first significant community of African American property owners in Manhattan. On Sept. 27,1825, Andrew Williams, a young African American, purchased three lots from the Whiteheads for $125.  The same day, trustees of the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church purchased six lots near 86th Street. Those trustees included Epiphany Davis, an African American store clerk, who purchased twelve lots for $578. These transactions provided the nucleus for Seneca Village. There were three churches, a school and several cemeteries.  The land "was occupied by various groups, including the African American and Irish residents of Seneca Village, as well as scattered small German farmers and Irish households," Elizabeth Blackmar, a Columbia University historian, told PolitiFact. By 1855, the community had grown to 264 residents, as German and Irish immigrants integrated into the village, according to the New York Times.  Map of Seneca Village circa 1857 How did Seneca Village become Central Park? By the 1840s, lower Manhattan, the original core of the city, had become unsanitary and overcrowded. Affluent and civic-minded New Yorkers grew concerned that commerce and industry were sullying the island. According to the New-York Historical Society, some leading residents resented an influx of poor immigrants and considered how to create new neighborhoods for wealthier New Yorkers. Between 1849 and 1853, New Yorkers debated how a "grand" park might be constructed to stretch from midtown to northern Manhattan could be created.  "In the summer of 1853, the city government authorized taking the land between 59th and 106th Streets, between Fifth and Eighth Avenues, to lay grounds for a public park. The city claimed the right of ‘eminent domain,’ which permits the state to take private land for public use, with compensation afforded to the land owners," wrote the New-York Historical Society. Seneca Village was directly in the path of the planned park.  "All residents were forced to vacate beginning in 1856," the historical society wrote, "Approximately 1,600 people, spread over 7,500 lots of land, were directly affected by this decision. Nearly 300 of them lived in Seneca Village." The New-York Historical Society has noted that to ease evictions, popular newspapers and magazines at the time portrayed the site of the future park as a "wasteland" occupied by "squatters," "shanties," "bloodsuckers" and "insects." But many of the residents fought to keep their land and requested higher compensation.  Ultimately, Seneca Village residents were given final notice to leave in the summer of 1856. Residents were compensated for their land, but many didn’t want to leave or said their land was undervalued in the process, according to a history from the Central Park Conservancy.  "That's how Central Park was made, with most newspapers cheering the removal of ‘the insects,’" wrote the New York Times. What happened to the residents? Some Seneca Village residents moved to different parts of the city, to Long Island, or out of New York state. Williams’ family ultimately settled in California.  "By 1857, a substantial community with deep spiritual and familial ties— some that went back more than thirty years—had vanished without leaving much evidence of its past," the New-York Historical Society wrote. Our ruling The TikTok video said, "Central Park actually used to be a town called Seneca Village" founded by African Americans in 1825. Many of the earliest residents of Seneca Village were African Americans, and they were evicted through eminent domain before the park was built.  The brief history on the TikTok does leave out some of the details, including that Irish and German immigrants were also residents of Seneca Village and that Seneca Village only accounted for a fraction of what became Central Park. But the gist of the story is accurate. We rate it Mostly True.

History,Race and Ethnicity,New York,TikTok posts

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Donald Trump

2020-08-28 00:00:00

a press conference:

“You people hate on Trump but he put on a child protective force that found over 300 missing kids in less than 30 days.”

Veronica Mohesky

2020-08-12 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/08/john-james/james-ad-peters-coronavirus-response-misleading/

John James levels misleading attack on Sen. Gary Peters’ coronavirus response

A new TV ad from Senate Republican candidate John James attacks incumbent Sen. Gary Peters, D-Mich., over his response to the coronavirus pandemic. The ad features an elderly patient lying on a hospital bed. Over the sound of a beeping ventilator, the ad’s narrator issues a long list of accusations against Peters: "He ignored all the warning signs. He downplayed the pandemic. … He failed to lead. Gary Peters leads the committee charged with pandemic response but Peters skipped hearings, blew off reports, downplayed risks." The ad features a short clip from a Fox News interview on Feb. 12 in which Peters said, "We think the risk right now to the United States is very low." The ad comes amid a running political battle over the government’s coronavirus response, with some Democrats accusing Republicans and the Trump administration of downplaying the threat posed by the virus, and Republicans accusing Democrats of hyping the threat to undermine the president ahead of the election. Trump himself has consistently downplayed the virus in public and admitted in a recorded interview to doing so intentionally. Even after contracting the disease, Trump continued to minimize the risk posed by COVID-19. In light of that, we found it curious that James has commended Trump for his response to the pandemic, while faulting Peters for downplaying the risk. We decided to take a closer look at his claims. James is wrong to claim that Peters "leads the committee charged with pandemic response." Peters is in the Democratic minority in the Senate and serves as the ranking member of the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee chaired by Sen. Ron Johnson, R-Wis., who recently tested positive for COVID-19 and opposes mask mandates. James’ campaign cited one hearing and several reports related to pandemics. But we found that those reports came years before the current coronavirus pandemic and were aimed at executive branch officials. Meanwhile, James’ ad leaves out some key facts about Peters’ response to the virus and actions he took well before the outbreak became a global pandemic. When Peters said in mid-February that the virus posed a low risk to the U.S., his assessment aligned with what public health experts were saying at the time, and he joined them in warning that the virus needed to be monitored vigilantly. The interview came several weeks before the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic on Mar. 11 and President Trump declared a national emergency on Mar. 13. A timeline of Peters’ pandemic response In an email promoting the ad, James’ campaign pointed to oversight and emergency management subcommittee hearings Peters missed in 2015 and 2016, years before the pandemic, to support its claim that Peters "skipped hearings." James’ campaign similarly said Peters "blew off reports," citing a number of reports issued before the coronavirus outbreak in the U.S. In 2015, his first year in the Senate, Peters attended a homeland security committee hearing on a Bipartisan Commission on Biodefense report calling on the federal government to better prepare for a future global pandemic. By 2020, most of the panel’s recommendations had not been implemented. Other reports showed the federal government did not do enough to prepare for the coronavirus outbreak. These include a July 2016 memo submitted to then-National Security Adviser Susan Rice on lessons learned from the 2014 Ebola outbreak, an October 2016 audit of the Department of Homeland Security’s pandemic planning and a Health and Human Services report issued in October 2019 which found that the department was not ready to serve as the lead federal agency in response to an influenza pandemic. Still, James’ campaign did not provide evidence to substantiate its claims that Peters "blew off" the reports or "failed to act." The hearing on pandemic preparedness James’ campaign pointed to was held in 2015, before Peters became ranking member of the committee. The bulk of the recommendations presented at that hearing were for the executive branch to implement. What James’ ad doesn’t mention are the actions Peters took at the outset of the coronavirus outbreak to oversee and improve the government’s response, well before global health officials declared it a pandemic. On Jan. 25, four days after the first coronavirus case was confirmed in the U.S., Peters claimed in a tweet that the virus posed a public health risk and security threat. "This is something we have to watch very closely and I’m concerned about it," he said in an interview on CNN that day. On Jan. 28, Peters wrote a letter with Johnson asking DHS to share its strategy for responding to the coronavirus. On Feb. 7, Peters, along with three other Democratic senators, wrote a letter to Mick Mulvaney, then director of the White House Office of Management and Budget, urging the Trump administration to fully fund pandemic preparedness and response efforts in its budget for the next fiscal year. The Trump administration had repeatedly proposed cuts to such programs in its previous budgets. On Feb. 12, Peters helped convene a panel of public health and security experts to discuss whether the U.S. was prepared to confront a global coronavirus pandemic. "I don’t think we’re alarmed at this point, but we need to be leaning in to what will the next step be if we can’t contain it," said panelist Julie Gerberding, the former director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Peters echoed this point in his Fox News interview later that day when he said, "We think the risk right now to the United States is very low, but we have to keep our eye on it." His assessment aligned with what public health experts were saying at the time, including Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Ten days after Peters’ interview, Fauci told CNN’s Michael Smerconish: "At this particular moment, Michael, the risk is very low. But — and I have to underline ‘but’ — this could change and it could change rapidly." Peters also signed on to a Feb. 13 letter calling for the appointment of a senior global health security expert to coordinate the United States’ global health security work. After the head of global health security on the White House’s National Security Council was removed in May 2018, the Trump administration left the position vacant. "As Ranking Member of the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, Senator Gary Peters not only sounded the alarm long before the pandemic but has battled to get Michiganders the relief and resources they need throughout this crisis," Peters for Michigan Communications Director Vanessa Valdivia wrote in an email denouncing James’ ad. Our ruling James’ ad claims that Peters "downplayed the pandemic" and "failed to act." That’s not accurate. Peters’ assessment in mid-February that the coronavirus posed a low risk to the U.S., but needed to be monitored carefully, squared with what public health experts were saying. Starting Jan. 28 — a week after the first U.S. COVID-19 case was confirmed — Peters took a series of actions to press administration officials on their preparations to deal with a potential outbreak.  We rate James’ claim False. 

Coronavirus,Michigan,John James

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Facebook posts

2020-08-31 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

"USPS currently has the most cash on hand in its history, (approximately) $15 billion."

Eric Litke

2020-10-07 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/08/haley-stevens/haley-stevens-ad-gets-details-aca-repeal-wrong/

Haley Stevens’ ad gets details on ACA repeal wrong

Rep. Haley Stevens, D-Mich., seeking re-election in Michigan’s traditionally Republican 11th congressional district, is attacking her challenger, Eric Esshaki, over how his opposition to the Affordable Care Act would affect Michiganders hit by COVID-19. "Esshaki supports a dangerous health care plan that would allow insurance companies to kick people with a preexisting condition off their plans in the middle of a pandemic, including over 100,000 Michiganders who have survived COVID-19," a Stevens ad claims. What is the purportedly "dangerous healthcare plan" that Esshaki supports? Like many Republicans, Esshaki, a former nurse and lawyer, has vowed to support fully repealing the Affordable Care Act, or Obamacare, which bars insurance companies from discriminating against people with a preexisting health condition in both enrollment and pricing. The law is now facing a Supreme Court challenge backed by the Trump administration, and Democrats running for Congress this fall have hammered Republicans over the potential threat to those protections in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic and ensuing economic recession. Stevens’ ad predicts that if the ACA is repealed by Congress or overturned by the Supreme Court, insurance companies would be free to designate coronavirus infections as a preexisting condition and restrict or deny coverage for those infected. But Stevens’ claim exaggerates the potential impact by citing the roughly 100,000 Michiganders who have survived COVID-19, because not all of them have insurance through the individual market. Most people who are currently covered by job-based programs, or through Medicaid or Medicare, for example, would not be at risk of suddenly losing their coverage if insurers designate COVID-19 a preexisting condition. A different story would play out for Michiganders who may lose or change jobs amid the recession if the ACA is repealed or overturned. They could be subject to discrimination based on a preexisting condition in the individual insurance market or temporarily excluded from a job-based group plan.    In 2018, 51% of Michiganders were insured through their employer, 22% through Medicaid, 15% through Medicare and 5% through individual insurance plans, according to the nonpartisan Kaiser Family Foundation. Where Esshaki and the GOP stand For years, Republicans have promised to replace the ACA with a law that maintains protections for individuals with preexisting conditions, but a plan that guarantees the same level of protection has never materialized. The ACA’s original protections were made possible by a complex system of mandates and subsidies designed to stabilize the individual insurance market. "In a voluntary insurance market that is not subsidized, there is a powerful and innate need for insurers to avoid the highest-cost people," says Karen Pollitz, a senior fellow at the Kaiser Family Foundation. "There’s always this powerful incentive to compete on the basis of cherry-picking." Ahead of the August primary, Essahki committed to waiting to repeal the law until one that protects coverage of preexisting conditions is enacted and said he opposes Republican efforts to repeal the ACA without a replacement. In an email to PolitiFact Michigan, Esshaki called Stevens a "scaremonger" who "fabricates attacks." Stevens’ campaign called Esshaki one in a "long line of Washington Republicans who promise to conjure up a brand new plan to protect people with preexisting conditions, even though we all know the new plan is never coming." President Donald Trump has not presented a Republican-backed health plan, despite repeated promises to do so. Republicans in the current Congress have also been unable to come together behind a major plan. Esshaki has not endorsed any specific replacement plan or released a detailed vision for an alternative.  Could insurers cut off Michiganders infected with the coronavirus? The ACA prohibits health insurers from denying coverage to people with a preexisting condition or charging them more. Stevens predicts that with the ACA gone, insurers would designate coronavirus infection as a preexisting condition and restrict coverage accordingly. That could happen unless states act to protect those infected with coronavirus from discrimination, but it wouldn’t mean every Michigander who has survived COVID-19 would be kicked off their plans as Stevens claims. The most recent data shows just under 100,000 people in Michigan have recovered from COVID-19. These people are likely covered through a variety of health insurance plans: insurance they purchased through the individual marketplace, job-based group health plans, Medicaid and Medicare. Repealing the ACA would affect each of these groups differently, but it’s the people in the individual market whose coverage is most at risk. Before the ACA was enacted, insurers in the individual market regularly discriminated against people with preexisting conditions, such as arthritis, asthma, high cholesterol, obesity and diabetes. That discrimination could resume if the ACA were repealed or overturned without an equivalent replacement. If COVID-19 is designated a preexisting condition, infected people could be denied coverage or charged higher premiums in the individual market. But people already insured through a job-based group health plan wouldn’t be affected the same way, because they had some protections under federal law even before the ACA. Before the ACA, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act required insurers selling policies in the group market to cover everyone regardless of a group member’s health status. While people currently insured through a job-based group health plan would not be kicked off their plans, new employees enrolling in a job-based program could be denied coverage if the ACA’s strengthened protections are taken away. Under HIPAA, people newly enrolling in a job-based group health plan could be denied coverage for up to a year if they had a preexisting condition that was diagnosed or treated in the previous six months.   That means that a new enrollee in a job-based group health plan who has tested positive for COVID-19 in the last six months could be denied coverage for up to a year, according to a new report from the Kaiser Family Foundation. Medicare, the federal health insurance program for seniors, and Medicaid, the federal- and state-funded plan for low-income people, do not discriminate on the basis of preexisting conditions in coverage or price. However, if the ACA is repealed or overturned, adults who have gained Medicaid coverage through the program’s expansion under the ACA could lose coverage and be forced to turn to the individual market, where they would be subject to discrimination based on preexisting conditions. Our ruling A Haley Stevens campaign ad says her challenger, Eric Esshaki, supports a plan that would allow insurers to kick over 100,000 COVID-19 survivors in Michigan off their health care plans. Stevens cites Esshaki’s support for repealing the Affordable Care Act, which includes protections for preexisting conditions. But Esshaki has called for waiting to repeal the ACA until there’s a replacement that maintains those protections. Stevens’ ad also assumes that all Michiganders who have survived COVID-19 would be affected in the same way — and lose their coverage — if the ACA were repealed or overturned. That’s not the case. People in the individual insurance market would be most at risk if insurers designate coronavirus infections as a preexisting condition. But the effect on people covered by job-based group plans, Medicare or Medicaid would be more limited. The claim contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts. We rate it Mostly False. 

Michigan,Haley Stevens

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Instagram posts

2020-08-02 00:00:00

a tweet:

Eric Esshaki “would allow insurance companies to kick people with a preexisting condition off their plans in the middle of a pandemic, including over 100,000 Michiganders who have survived COVID-19.”

Samantha Putterman

2020-10-07 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/oct/07/facebook-posts/no-rock-didnt-lose-millions-followers-after-public/

No, the Rock didn’t lose millions of followers after publicly announcing his support for Biden

At the end of September, Dwayne "the Rock" Johnson took to his social media accounts to endorse Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden and running mate Sen. Kamala Harris ahead of the Nov. 3 election. The move prompted both support and outrage from his millions of followers, and also inspired some questionable online claims. "The Rock has lost 48 million followers on his IG and YouTube after coming out for Biden," one Oct. 2 Facebook post reads. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Johnson’s endorsement of Biden and Harris may have angered some enough that they unfollowed him, but there is no indication the announcement prompted a mass unfollowing of Johnson’s social media accounts. PolitiFact reviewed news stories and websites that track social media analytics and follower counts and found Johnson didn’t lose anywhere near 48 million followers after his announcement. Instagram followers On Instagram, Johnson gained about 196,000 followers the day he posted his endorsement and his conversation with Biden and Harris, according to Trackalytics, a website that provides free social media and website analytics.  Social Blade, another website that tracks user statistics on various social media platforms, shows a smaller gain, but still a gain — about 95,000 followers the day he posted the video.  Neither website shows Johnson losing more than about 30,000 Instagram followers in any single day of the week, Sept. 27  to Oct. 4, following his endorsement of Biden and Harris. We also found a story about Johnson’s experience with coronavirus that mentioned he had 196 million Instagram followers at the beginning of September. Johnson now has more than 200 million followers on Instagram, and had 199 million followers by Oct. 1. Even if Johnson’s endorsement of the Democrats had prompted a mass unfollowing of his account, he seems to have had a net gain of around 3 million followers during September. YouTube followers On YouTube, Johnson’s following is less strong, but there’s still no indication that he hemorrhaged millions of followers or subscribers after announcing his support for Biden. At the start of September, his channel had 5.27 million subscribers, according to an archived version of the channel from Sept. 1. The day before his announcement, that had increased to 5.32 million subscribers.  Johnson had 5.35 million subscribers on YouTube as of Oct. 6.  Overall, he gained subscribers since endorsing Biden and Harris. Social Blade’s statistics for The Rock’s YouTube channel are less detailed than the Instagram stats, but they also indicate an overall gain of about 60,000 subscribers over the last 30 days. The Social Blade statistics do not show any significant drop in the number of Johnson’s YouTube subscribers in the wake of his Biden endorsement. Our ruling A post on Facebook says, "The Rock has lost 48 million followers on his IG and YouTube after coming out for Biden." A look at previous media coverage and websites that track social media analytics and follower counts show that Johnson didn’t lose anywhere near 48 million Instagram and YouTube followers after he announced his support for Biden and Harris. On both platforms, he actually appears to have gained followers in September, overall.  We rate this claim False.  

Elections,Pop Culture,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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TikTok posts

2020-09-29 00:00:00

a campaign ad:

"Dems want to shut your churches down, permanently. Hope you see what is happening."

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-08-19 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/19/tommy-tuberville/senate-hopeful-tommy-tuberville-fumbles-facts-abou/

Senate hopeful Tommy Tuberville fumbles the facts about COVID-19 and football

College football has become a political football in one of the most competitive U.S. Senate races, with the Republican challenger in Alabama claiming that partisanship explains why the fall season will be played in some states, but not others. Tommy Tuberville, a former college football coach who had his greatest success at Auburn University in Alabama, is running to unseat Democratic Sen. Doug Jones in the Nov. 3 election. "It’s embarrassing that even two months before the first game, you have a lot of these states deciding, oh, we’re not going to play football," Tuberville said Aug. 17 on Fox Business. Then he made a statistical claim. "Let me give you this one stat: 26 of the states that have governors that are Republican, 25 have decided to play football," he said. "Twenty-four states that are Democrats, three-fourths have decided not to play already and most will probably not play. So, politics involved? Yes." Tuberville’s campaign did not respond to our requests for information to back his claim. But he gets a few things wrong. It’s not states or their governors that are deciding whether college football will be played this fall. It’s the colleges or the athletic conferences that they belong to, each of which spans multiple states. And Tuberville’s figures are off, too. A pivotal Senate race The Alabama race could help determine whether Republicans keep a majority in the Senate, where they now control 53 seats. As of Aug. 17, the race was rated as "lean Republican" by the Cook Political Report. Jones won a special election in December 2017 for the seat vacated by Republican Jeff Sessions, who became President Donald Trump’s first attorney general. After Sessions was forced out by Trump in November 2018, he decided to run again for the seat he had held for 20 years. He lost the July primary to Tuberville, who is making his first run for public office. Decisions made by conferences, not governors In big-time college football, the kind Tuberville coached in, there are 10 conferences in what is known as the Football Bowl Subdivision, which is considered the most competitive tier.  FBS, formerly known as Division I-A, encompasses more than 100 teams, from big-time programs like Alabama and Ohio State to less prominent ones such as Coastal Carolina in South Carolina and Old Dominion in Virginia. A handful of FBS schools play as independents, unaffiliated with a conference for football. Four of the FBS conferences — the Big Ten, the Pac-12, the Mid-American and the Mountain West — announced in August they will postpone all fall sports for 2020 because of the coronavirus.  None of the announcements referred to orders by governors, although some governors have issued orders affecting outdoor gatherings. For example, before the Big Ten canceled fall sports, member school Rutgers University in New Jersey said it would abide by Democratic Gov. Phil Murphy’s order limiting outdoor gatherings to 500 people (Rutgers had a major COVID-19 outbreak among its football players.)  In South Carolina, Republican Gov. Henry McMaster has warned that he will not lift an executive order that bans large gatherings, such as spectator sports and concerts, until the COVID-19 situation improves. No South Carolina colleges play in the four FBS conferences that have canceled fall football. Old Dominion (Conference USA) and the University of Connecticut, which left the American Athletic Conference in July to become an independent in football, have unilaterally canceled their fall football seasons. The decision by the Big Ten led one of its star football players, Ohio State quarterback Justin Fields, to launch a "We Want to Play" online petition on Aug. 16. It gained more than 200,000 signatures on its first day. Tuberville was specifically asked in the Fox Business interview whether Fields’ petition has a chance to succeed. That’s when he responded with his claim about the governors.  The petition, however, is directed not at governors, but at the Big Ten commissioner and the athletic directors and university presidents of the conference’s member schools.  Conferences overlap state boundaries The other six FBS conferences — SEC, Big 12, Atlantic Coast, American Athletic, Sun Belt and Conference USA — still plan to play football this fall. So as things now stand, in Ohio, which has a Republican governor, Ohio State won’t play; neither will six Ohio teams in the Mid-American Conference. But college football is still scheduled to be played at the University of Cincinnati, for example, which is in the American Athletic Conference.  There are other examples: Pennsylvania, Democratic governor: Penn State (Big Ten) won’t play, but Temple (American Athletic) and Pitt (ACC) will.  Maryland, Republican governor: The University of Maryland (Big Ten) won’t play, but Navy (American Athletic) will. Iowa (Republican governor): University of Iowa (Big Ten) won’t play; Iowa State (Big 12) will. Finally, Tuberville’s numbers don’t add up. Based on a tally by Sporting News and a map by Stadium Network, there are only 17 states that don’t have at least one FBS team scheduled to play football this fall. Thirteen of them have Democratic governors: California, Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Washington and Wisconsin. Four have Republican governors: Arizona, Idaho, Nebraska and Wyoming. Our ruling Tuberville said that amid COVID-19, 25 of the 26 Republican governors "have decided to play football," but "three-fourths" of the 24 Democratic governors "have decided not to play already and most will probably not play." Collegiate athletic conferences and some universities — not governors or states — are deciding whether their teams will play football this fall. Tuberville’s figures are also wrong. We rate his statement False.

Government Regulation,Public Health,Sports,Coronavirus,Tommy Tuberville

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Facebook posts

2020-09-20 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“The Rock has lost 48 million followers on his IG and YouTube after coming out for Biden.”

Tom Kertscher

2020-08-19 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/19/carol-miller/have-overdoses-wva-increased-50-during-pandemic/

Have overdoses in W.Va. increased 50% during the pandemic?

Has the coronavirus pandemic also sent drug overdoses soaring? That’s what Rep. Carol Miller, R-W.Va., said in a July 30 tweet. Miller tweeted, "In West Virginia alone, overdoses have increased by 50% during the #COVID-19 pandemic. We must stop the illegal drug flow across our Southern Border. That’s why I added an amendment to 2021 government funding to #BuildTheWall. Sadly, House Democrats voted this down." We’ve previously rated Mostly True the statement by fellow West Virginia Republican Rep. David McKinney that "$53 million a week is coming across the border in drugs." We’ve also rated True the statement that West Virginia has the highest overdose rate of any state. In this article, we’ll focus on Miller’s assertion that the pandemic and the economic dislocation that has followed have driven an increasing number of overdoses in West Virginia. We found evidence in two West Virginia media reports published not long before Miller’s tweet that supports the idea that the state has seen a rise in overdoses since the pandemic. In late June, the Charleston Gazette-Mail reported on increases in overdoses. West Virginia Public Broadcasting did so in early July. (Both outlets are PolitiFact West Virginia partners.) Both news reports cited data from the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources showing that emergency responses for suspected overdoses had increased by close to 50%. At the time of those reports, the agency had recorded 923 emergency responses for May 2020, compared with 650 in May 2019. That was a 42% increase. The article also reported a more than fivefold increase for June in average weekly overdoses that are reversed by naloxone, a medication used to rapidly reverse opioid overdoses. Overdoses reversed by naloxone averaged 16 per week in June 2020, compared with norms of three per week and 12 per month, according to the article.  Miller’s office referenced the articles when we inquired, but because the articles had appeared several weeks before Miller’s tweet, we looked for state Health Department data that was available closer to the date of her statement. The data for each month are updated on the 15th day of the following month, Allison Adler, the department’s director of communications, told PolitiFact, but the updates could include some earlier months. Counting all the updates made as of Aug. 15, the number of overdoses in April 2020 held steady compared with the previous year, but the numbers did spike in May and June. Emergency response for suspected overdoses increased by 64% in May and 30% in June.  So for the three months combined, the number increased by 33% from a year earlier, but during May and June alone, the numbers rose by 47%, which is close to Miller’s figure. July numbers were on par with those in 2019, but Miller wouldn’t have known about that data point when she sent her tweet.   The department also offers another metric: emergency room visits related to overdoses. These increased by 12% in May and June compared to the year prior. (It would later rise by 28% in July.) This pattern has been echoed elsewhere in the United States.  The New York Times has reported that drug overdose deaths rose to record numbers in 2019, and are already 13% higher than average in 2020, according to mortality data from local and state governments covering 40% of the U.S. population. The Association of American Medical Colleges also reported that suspected drug overdoses rose 18% from mid-March through May, which would be consistent with the notion that the pandemic is pushing overdoses higher.  Our ruling  Miller said, "In West Virginia alone, overdoses have increased by 50% during the #COVID-19 pandemic." For the three months from April through June, EMS responses rose by 33%. Looking just at May and June, the increase was 47%.  We rate her statement Mostly True.

West Virginia,Drugs,Health Care,Coronavirus,Carol Miller

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Viral image

2020-10-02 00:00:00

a post on Facebook:

Hacked emails “revealed that Hillary Clinton & pals are involved in sex trafficking children.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-08-18 00:00:00

mostly-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/19/bill-clinton/bill-clinton-mostly-accurate-international-unemplo/

Bill Clinton mostly accurate on international unemployment comparison

In his Democratic convention address, former President Bill Clinton took a shot at President Donald Trump’s economic record during the coronavirus pandemic, saying the 45th president has botched his handling of the twin health and economic crises. "Donald Trump says we’re leading the world," Clinton said. "Well, we are the only major industrial economy to have its unemployment rate triple." Using the most clear-cut multi-nation comparison — comparing January to June 2020 — Clinton is right. But it’s worth noting some differences in how countries address unemployment. We turned to data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, a think tank whose members are advanced industrialized countries. The group collects economic statistics for all its members, including unemployment rates. We chose 20 countries for which data was available, including most of the countries in western Europe, plus Canada, Australia, Japan, South Korea, and Israel.  For consistency’s sake, we compared January to June because only two of the countries reported data for July.  As the following chart shows, the United States was among the few countries to show a dramatic increase in the unemployment rate between January and June. The U.S. is the peach-colored line with the steep climb; you can see each country highlighted if you hover over the list of countries at the bottom. The United States saw its unemployment rate increase from 3.6% to 11.1%. That works out to a little under 3.1 times higher in June than January. No other country saw such a big increase.  The only other nation that saw its unemployment rate more than double over that period was Canada, which saw its rate increase 2.2 times. Canada actually had a higher unemployment rate in June than the U.S. did, at 12.3%, but the scale of Canada’s increase was more modest than the United States’ because Canada had a higher rate to start, at 5.5%. Using U.S. data for February instead of January doesn’t change the picture much. The U.S. unemployment rate in February was 3.5%, making the increase through June about 3.2 times. There are a couple asterisks to Clinton’s statement. If you compare January to July, a month for which data isn’t available for most of the OECD nations, the increase in the United States was still substantial, but just short of three times higher. The unemployment rate rose from 3.6% in January to 10.2% in July, meaning an increase of 2.8 times. It’s also worth noting that the U.S. unemployment rate has fallen for three straight months, amid a zigzagging reopening and a volatile economy. So the unemployment rate is likely to bounce around a bit before it settles down. Finally, the OECD itself notes some differences across countries. Some nations have used more aggressive efforts than the United States to subsidize workers to remain on payrolls. And some countries, such as the United Kingdom, do not count "temporarily" laid-off workers as unemployed, while the United States does count such workers as unemployed. Our ruling Clinton said the United States is "the only major industrial economy to have its unemployment rate triple" since the coronavirus pandemic began. That’s accurate for the broadest comparison — a 20-nation selection of OECD nations between January 2020 and June 2020. The rate in the U.S. was 3.1 times higher in June than in January. Only Canada came close, with the unemployment rate 2.2 times higher over that period. However, extending the U.S. data to July showed that the increase fell slightly below three times, and there are some complications in making cross-country comparisons. We rate the statement Mostly True. UPDATE, Aug. 20: This article has been updated with additional context about the complications of making cross-country comparisons of unemployment rates. The rating remains the same.

Corrections and Updates,Economy,Jobs,Coronavirus,Bill Clinton

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Facebook posts

2020-10-06 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Amid COVID-19, 25 of the 26 Republican governors "have decided to play football," but "three-fourths" of the 24 Democratic governors "have decided not to play already and most will probably not play.”

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-08-18 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/18/donald-trump-jr/donald-trump-jr-distorts-michigan-data-dead-voters/

Donald Trump Jr. distorts Michigan data on dead voters

There is scant evidence to support President Donald Trump’s warnings that mail-in voting is susceptible to widespread fraud. That hasn’t stopped those concerned about an expected record number of absentee votes in Michigan this November from looking for signs of fraud in recent elections. On Aug. 14, the Michigan Secretary of State’s office released preliminary data on the number of rejected ballots from the state’s Aug. 4 primary. In total, over 10,000 absentee ballots were rejected, including nearly 850 ballots cast by voters who died before Election Day. Some seized on the data to raise alarm, including the president’s son. The headline on an Aug. 15 Breitbart piece reads "Michigan Rejects 846 Mailed Ballots ‘Because the Voter Was Dead.’" Jason Miller, a senior strategist for the president’s re-election campaign, tweeted a link to the piece, which cited the state’s data as evidence that absentee voting is susceptible to voter fraud. Donald Trump Jr., in turn, shared Miller’s tweet, citing it as cause for concern that absentee voting may delegitimize election results. "The media: NOTHING TO SEE HERE!!!," Trump wrote. "It was only about 8% of the votes cast." Given the importance of absentee voting in Michigan this year, we took a closer look at the Trump tweet. We found that it takes misleading information from the Breitbart piece and compounds it with an outright false claim. For one thing, the 846 rejected ballots were cast not by dead people but by living people who then died before Election Day. For another, those ballots — which were not counted in the final results — made up about 8% of the rejected ballots, not 8% of the votes cast. In fact, these ballots accounted for barely 0.03% of the total votes cast, and none were counted. We reached out to the Trump re-election campaign for a comment but didn’t hear back. Ballots rejected in Michigan’s primary Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson issued the report on rejected ballots along with a call for legislation designed to reduce the number of ballots disqualified for late arrival or mismatched signatures. She said 10,694 ballots were rejected in Michigan’s Aug. 4 primary. Nearly 60% of them were rejected because they arrived late. Absentee ballots must be received by the voter’s clerk by 8 p.m. on Election Day in order to be counted. The remaining rejected ballots were deemed ineligible for a range of reasons, including missing or mismatched signatures or voters who changed addresses. Of the rejected ballots, 846 had to be tossed because the voters were deceased. These were not instances of someone completing and mailing an absentee ballot by stealing the identity of a deceased voter.  Rather, as Benson’s Aug. 14 release notes, they were cast by eligible Michigan voters who died after casting their ballots but before Election Day. These ballots accounted for just under 8% of the rejected absentee ballots. But including absent and in-person voters, Michigan saw more than 2.5 million votes cast in the Aug. 4 primary. Based on the total of counted and uncounted votes, the number of ballots from deceased voters accounted for about 0.03% of votes cast, meaning Trump overstated it by a factor of more than 200. And none of them were counted toward the final results. So Trump’s math is incorrect. He used the wrong denominator to claim that these ballots made up 8% of the total "votes cast" when in reality, they accounted for a minuscule share of the total votes cast. It is typical to see a number of absentee votes deemed ineligible in an election because voters die after casting their ballot. In the November 2016 election, Michigan had to reject more than 1,780 absentee ballots because the voters died after they cast their votes. Rather than indicating instances of fraud, the rejected ballots show the state’s ability to detect and discount ineligible ballots. Benson’s biggest concern leading into November is that valid absentee ballots won’t count. The large number of rejected ballots reflects the need for reform ahead of November’s general election, she said. Benson supports an election reform bill in the Michigan Legislature that would allow mail-in ballots postmarked by Election Day that arrive within 48 hours after Election Day to be counted. She also supports a bill that would require clerks to contact voters if the signature on the absentee ballot does not match the signature on the voter registration. "The data demonstrates that thousands of people who cast otherwise valid votes were not able to participate in last week’s election solely because the Legislature failed to act ahead of the primary," Benson said. Our ruling Donald Trump Jr. claimed that the 846 ballots that were rejected because the voter was dead accounted for "8% of the votes cast." These 846 ballots were not fraudulently cast by someone assuming the identity of a dead person. They were cast by living voters who died before Election Day. These ballots accounted for nearly 8% of the total number of rejected ballots in the state’s August primary. They accounted for about 0.03% of the total votes cast. None of the rejected ballots were counted toward the final results. We rate this claim Pants on Fire. 

Elections,Michigan,Donald Trump Jr.

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Facebook posts

2020-08-14 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Says Condoleezza Rice said, “If you are taught bitterness and anger, then you will believe you are a victim. You will feel aggrieved and the twin brother of aggrievement is entitlement. So now you think you are owed something and you don’t have to work for it and now you’re on a really bad road to nowhere because there are people who will play to that sense of victimhood, aggrievement and entitlement, and you still won’t have a job.”

Patrick Orsagos

2020-12-10 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/10/laura-ingraham/ingraham-wrongly-claims-no-science-suggests-restau/

Ingraham wrongly claims ‘no science’ suggests restaurants spread COVID-19

Fox News host Laura Ingraham downplayed the risk of contracting the coronavirus while dining at a restaurant, wrongly claiming restrictions on eating out are not supported by science. "You know what the biggest lie is, is that restaurants are spreaders of COVID," Ingraham told host Sean Hannity during the handoff between their TV shows. "There's no science for that." The Dec. 8 comment came after Hannity made reference to Ingraham’s on-air interview the previous day with a Los Angeles restaurant owner. The owner, Angela Marsden, had posted a viral video criticizing county officials for suspending outdoor dining. Hannity later specified that he was talking about "outside" dining in California. But Ingraham’s claim about restaurants was far more sweeping — and more wrong. It’s inaccurate to say that "there’s no science" to show "restaurants are spreaders of COVID." "There is a lot of information showing that restaurants are a high-risk environment," said Emily Landon, an epidemiologist and associate professor of medicine at the University of Chicago. "Anytime people congregate, there exist increased opportunities for transmission should someone be infected," added Jeffrey Shaman, a professor of environmental health sciences at Columbia University. "A restaurant is no different." Fox News did not offer comment for this fact-check. Indoor dining is most risky, studies suggest The risks associated with dining out vary based on the safety precautions the restaurants take and the coronavirus situation in their geographic areas. Many restaurants have become safer over time, but case surges in many states make running into an infected person more likely. "It’s hard to make universal claims because the pandemic is different in different parts of the country and even in different parts of the state," said Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security. "In some parts of the country, restaurants aren’t driving cases. In others, they have been identified in case investigations." City data in Washington, D.C., for example, has shown restaurants and bars to be among the most common places for virus spread. Data in and around Los Angeles has been less clear. Still, there’s plenty of evidence that COVID-19 has and can spread at restaurants — and especially at those that let groups of people congregate indoors without masks. "Modeling studies have indicated that restaurants are high-risk environments for COVID-19 transmission," said Jason McDonald, a spokesperson for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "In places like restaurants, people remove their masks to consume food and beverages, which increases the risk of transmission." One CDC report in September, based on a survey of 314 symptomatic people who got tested for the coronavirus in July, found a link between testing positive for the coronavirus and going to locations with on-site eating and drinking options, such as restaurants.  The authors wrote that those with positive test results were "approximately twice as likely to have reported dining at a restaurant" than those who tested negative. In a November study published in Nature, researchers at Stanford University and Northwestern University analyzed anonymized cell phone mobility data from 10 U.S. cities from March to May.  Full-service restaurants, gyms and other crowded places accounted for a disproportionate share of COVID-19 infections, the study’s simulations showed. "Restaurants were by far the riskiest places," Stanford’s Jure Leskovec, an author of the report, told reporters in November. Patrons enjoy food and drink at The Brass Rail in Hoboken, N.J., on Nov. 11, 2020. (AP) How COVID-19 can spread in restaurants Dining outdoors is safer than dining indoors, the CDC says, and restaurants with spaced out tables and limited guests are less risky than restaurants that aren’t keeping patrons apart. The virus is mostly spread from close physical contact, when people are exposed to respiratory droplets sent into the air as an infected person coughs, sneezes, talks, laughs or breathes.  But there’s growing evidence that infections may have also come from tiny airborne particles, especially in "enclosed spaces that had inadequate ventilation," the CDC says. Shaman cited one recent study from South Korean researchers that looked at airborne spread in a restaurant. The researchers examined the origins of one June cluster at a restaurant in the city of JeonJu. They found that, because of the way air was circulated in the restaurant, one person contracted the virus after just five minutes of exposure to an infected diner more than 20 feet away. Other studies have indicated indoor spaces carry higher risks of spread. The Atlantic highlighted one that showed the odds of transmission were nearly 20 times higher in closed spaces than in open-air environments. Landon shared with PolitiFact a powerpoint created for Illinois officials that listed several other studies, such as one examining an early outbreak on a cruise ship. Restaurants can reduce the chance of virus spread. Shaman recommended that they minimize or end indoor dining, limit tables and space them out, require waiters to wear gloves and masks, increase ventilation and keep surfaces clean. He also suggested that restaurants take down contact information for those who dine in case contact tracing needs to be performed.  Our ruling Ingraham said, "You know what the biggest lie is, is that restaurants are spreaders of COVID. There's no science for that." In fact, plenty of evidence suggests restaurant dining has helped spread the coronavirus. Places that allow indoor dining and don’t follow safety protocols are considered especially unsafe. We rate Ingraham’s statement False. RELATED: Laura Ingraham wrong about 'no real scientific basis' for social distancing

Public Health,Pundits,PunditFact,Coronavirus,Laura Ingraham

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Facebook posts

2018-06-03 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

A coloring book that describes Joe Biden as “America’s Sexiest Moderate” is being marketed to children.

Louis Jacobson

2020-12-10 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/10/facebook-posts/comments-about-texas-castle-doctrine-law-were-sati/

Comments about Texas’ castle doctrine law were satire, not from state rep

Texas legislator Terry Meza sparked a backlash when she proposed changes to the state’s "castle doctrine," which allows the use of deadly force to protect property. But some of the blowback is based on comments attributed to Meza that she did not say. The quotes appear to have been fabricated, taken from a story labeled "semi-satire" and written by a political satirist.  The fake quotes took on a life of their own on Facebook, in posts like this one that claim Meza said, "Thieves only carry weapons for self-protection and to provide the householder an incentive to cooperate. They just want to get their loot and get away. When the resident tries to resist is when people get hurt. If only one side is armed fewer people will be killed. ...In most instances the thief needs the money more than the homeowner does. …On balance, the transfer of property is likely to lead to a more equitable distribution of wealth. If my bill can help make this transfer a peaceful one so much the better."  The claim was repeated across Facebook in posts like this and this.  These posts were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Meza, a Democrat, was elected to represent Texas’s District 105 in Dallas County in November 2018, when the county's delegation changed from seven Democrats and seven Republicans to 12 Democrats and two Republicans. In November 2019, she introduced HB196 to modify the castle doctrine. Even before the fabricated quotes were published in early December, she said on Twitter on Nov. 20 that the bill had been "misrepresented in the news." Her tweet said the bill "does not repeal the Castle Doctrine, and it does not restrict homeowners from using firearms in self-defense as applicable to current Texas stand your ground laws." She said the legislation is intended to require a homeowner to exhaust the potential of safely retreating into their habitation before using deadly force in defense of themselves or their property, and that she believes the current law "emboldens people to people to take justice into their own hands."  She continued, "While theft is obviously wrong, we have laws to address that. I don’t believe that stealing someone’s lawn ornament should be an offense punishable by death." Last week, a website called GOP Briefing Room posted about HB196 in a feature called "semi-news/semi-satire," saying the bill would outlaw the castle doctrine and adding comments attributed to Meza. The feature included real news stories from states across the country but added fabricated quotes and other false information. The author lists his occupation as political satirist.  PolitiFact could not locate any published evidence that Meza actually said the comments that were attributed to her.  On Dec. 9, following publication of the satire feature, Texas Gov. Greg Abbott retweeted Meza’s Nov. 20 tweet about HB196 and added this comment: "Let me be clear. The Castle Doctrine will not be reduced. We won’t force Texas homeowners to retreat. Especially with the crazy ‘defund police’ ideas, homeowners need to protect themselves now more than ever. We will protect 2nd Amendment rights." We contacted Meza and the author of the GOP Briefing Room story for comment but did not receive a reply.  Our Ruling Facebook posts claim that Texas Rep. Terry Meza said, "Thieves only carry weapons for self-protection and to provide the householder an incentive to cooperate. They just want to get their loot and get away. When the resident tries to resist is when people get hurt. If only one side is armed fewer people will be killed. ...In most instances the thief needs the money more than the homeowner does. …On balance, the transfer of property is likely to lead to a more equitable distribution of wealth. If my bill can help make this transfer a peaceful one so much the better."  The comments are part of a story labeled "semi-satire" that was written by someone who is a political satirist, and there is no evidence that Meza said anything similar.  We rate this claim Pants on Fire. 

Texas,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-07-30 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“In West Virginia alone, overdoses have increased by 50% during the #COVID-19 pandemic.”

Clara Hendrickson

2020-12-10 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/10/facebook-posts/fact-checking-facebook-post-comparing-covid-19-vac/

Fact-checking Facebook post comparing COVID-19 vaccine research to HIV, cancer, common cold

It typically takes years to develop and approve vaccines, yet for COVID-19, first reported in late 2019, federal regulators are already reviewing vaccines that researchers say are more than 94% effective. The speed of the vaccines' development has some people on social media questioning their safety. "So let me get this straight," says a Dec. 6 Facebook post. "40 years of research, and no vaccine for HIV. At least 100 years of research and no vaccine for cancer. Ongoing research, and no vaccine for the common cold. Now in less than a year, there's a vaccine for COVID-19??? Nah I think I’ll pass on that shot!!!" The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The facts show that what accounts for the disparity is not undue haste with the COVID-19 vaccine, but rather important differences between the illnesses highlighted in the post, and a new approach to vaccine development. For example, there are many types of cancers, and only a few are known to be caused by viruses. "So a universal vaccine to prevent ‘cancer’ is not something that is possible or pursued," said Jan Carette, an associate professor of microbiology and immunology at Stanford University School of Medicine. "For specific viruses that cause specific forms of cancer, vaccines have been developed."  The post also ignores unique medical challenges in creating vaccines against HIV and the common cold. COVID-19 vaccines The COVID-19 vaccines from Moderna and Pfizer that are up for review by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration are a type called "mRNA." Researchers have been studying this type of vaccine technology for decades. Most vaccines trigger an immune response by introducing weakened or inactivated versions of the disease-causing pathogen (such as a virus or bacterium) into the body. The mRNA vaccines, by contrast, use a genetic messenger to teach cells in the body how to make a protein — or even just a piece of a protein — to trigger an immune response. (The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has more information on how COVID-19 mRNA vaccines work.) An mRNA vaccine has shorter manufacturing times and can be developed in labs using readily available materials. "This means the process can be standardized and scaled up, making vaccine development faster than traditional methods," according to the CDC. Health officials have said that COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are being held to the same rigorous safety and effectiveness standards as all other types of vaccines allowed in the United States. The Trump administration's Operation Warp Speed, an initiative to help speed up the development, manufacturing and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines and other therapeutics, has also played a significant role in getting the vaccines to market. The federal government has made vaccine deals totaling more than $9 billion with multiple private companies. The deals vary in scope; some are only for the purchase of vaccines, other agreements provide funding for the research and manufacturing of vaccines. Flawed comparison to HIV, cancer, common cold  The CDC says there are seven types of coronaviruses that can infect people. One of them is the new virus that causes COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2. A study published in November by researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill said that vaccines may be more effective on a current and common strain of SARS-CoV-2, compared with a previous strain of the virus. Common cold: Around 80% of common cold cases are caused by rhinoviruses — of which there are over 100 different types, many circulating at the same time, said Carette, the Stanford researcher. The common cold can also be caused by many different respiratory viruses, making it difficult for a single vaccine to target all varieties of the cold. The possibility of a vaccine composed of 50, 100 or more distinct human rhinovirus antigens "has been viewed as formidable or impossible and has discouraged many vaccine makers," Carette said. HIV: A vaccine against the human immunodeficiency virus, which causes AIDS, has proved especially challenging because the immune system responds to HIV differently from other viruses. While all viruses change, HIV mutates rapidly and has unique ways of evading the immune system. "There are no documented cases of a person living with HIV developing an immune response that cleared the infection," says the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. In clinical trials, inactivated HIV has not been effective at eliciting immune responses and, a live form of HIV is too dangerous to use, according to the institute. Research on an HIV vaccine has been going on since the 1980s. Cancer: There are vaccines available to help prevent human papillomavirus infections, and some strains of HPV have been linked to some cancers. Most cervical cancers are caused by infection with HPV, according to the American Cancer Society.  The American Cancer Society also says that people who have long-term infections with the hepatitis B virus are at higher risk for liver cancer, and getting a hepatitis B vaccine may lower some people’s risk of getting liver cancer. There are also vaccines to treat certain types of cancers; these vaccines are intended to work against cancer cells, not against something that causes cancer.  "Sometimes a patient’s own immune cells are removed and exposed to these substances in the lab to create the vaccine," the cancer society says. "Once the vaccine is ready, it’s injected into the body to increase the immune response against cancer cells." Our ruling A Facebook post claimed, "40 years of research, and no vaccine for HIV. At least 100 years of research and no vaccine for cancer. Ongoing research and no vaccine for the common cold. Now in less than a year, there's a vaccine for COVID-19?" The post questions the safety of the COVID-19 vaccines on that basis. Vaccines for COVID-19 were poised to be evaluated by regulators about a year after the virus was discovered. But the post goes too far in drawing conclusions about the vaccines’ safety based on how quickly they were developed compared with efforts to fight other illnesses. It ignores important differences in the development process, and characteristics of the illnesses that make them not directly comparable to COVID-19. Health officials have said that COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are being held to the same rigorous safety and effectiveness standards as all other types of vaccines allowed in the United States.   The post contains elements of truth, but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression.  We rate the post Mostly False.

Public Health,Science,Coronavirus,Facebook posts

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Viral image

2020-07-30 00:00:00

a tweet:

The United States is “the only major industrial economy to have its unemployment rate triple” since the coronavirus pandemic began.

Bill McCarthy

2020-12-10 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/10/donald-trump/trump-wrong-multiple-ways-wisconsin-absentee-ballo/

Trump wrong in multiple ways on Wisconsin absentee ballot applications

President Donald Trump continued his evidence-free assault on the validity of the 2020 election during a Dec. 2, 2020, speech, taking aim at Wisconsin several times. One claim zeroed in on a favorite Trump target — absentee voting — to assert the paperwork behind those ballots was lacking. "In Wisconsin, there are approximately 70,000 absentee ballots that do not have matching ballot applications as required by law," Trump said. The claim, included in a list of supposed election fraud examples, was made without any further detail or evidence. As with Trump’s many lawsuits seeking to overturn the election results in Wisconsin and elsewhere, this claim flies in the face of reality. Here’s why. Trump misstates his own (wrong) claim For starters, Trump got the number wrong. Since the claim in this speech doesn’t provide much context, we reached out to Trump campaign spokeswoman Courtney Parella to explain the 70,000 figure. She declined to elaborate aside from referring to the campaign’s Wisconsin lawsuit. But that lawsuit makes clear Trump was attempting to refer to in-person absentee voting — that’s the only element of his Wisconsin claims related to ballot applications. One of the four primary allegations in the complaint was that "at least 170,140 absentee ballots were improperly counted as they were issued without the elector having first submitted a written application." That total is the number of in-person absentee votes cast in Milwaukee and Dane counties combined, according to the Wisconsin Elections Commission. Those are the two heavily Democratic counties in which the Trump campaign paid for a recount and is now suing. So Trump meant to say 170,000, not 70,000. But that’s the least of his issues with the truth. Yes, absentee voters filled out an application Wisconsinites casting a traditional absentee vote do that by applying for a ballot by mail or through the MyVote.wi.gov website. But in-person absentee ballots simplify this down to a single form — an "absentee ballot application/certification" located on the envelope that holds the absentee ballot. Trump’s lawsuit — in line with verbiage from the speech — claims those in-person absentee ballots were filed without "written application as expressly required by Wis. Stat. § 6.86(1)(ar)." But that statute doesn’t include specific requirements. That reference in state law simply says municipal clerks shouldn’t issue an absentee ballot "unless the clerk receives a written application therefor (sic) from a qualified elector of the municipality." It details no requirements for what that application should include. Reid Magney, spokesman for the state elections commission, confirmed there are no requirements in state law on the nature of absentee ballot applications, leaving that detail to the commission to decide. And the commission has required an application for every ballot. "To claim that there is no application on file for these absentee ballots is false," Magney said. The commission created the combined certificate and application in 2010 after complaints following the 2008 presidential election that in-person absentee voting was inefficient and involved too much paperwork.  The Government Accountability Board (predecessor to the elections commission) studied the matter and issued a lengthy report in December 2009. It created the combined form on the envelope of the absentee ballot after holding listening sessions and consulting with clerks around the state. A memo sent to clerks in May 2010 explained the change this way: "The title of the certificate has changed to indicate that it also serves as an application for in-person absentee voters. A line has been added ("I further certify that I requested this ballot.") to make the document an application. This process — where early voters fill out an envelope application — has been used throughout Wisconsin (though not exclusively) since the 2016 election where Trump narrowly carried the state. We should also note this change was implemented at a time when Republicans controlled all of state government. It was a heavily-used approach in this year’s mid-pandemic election. Early in-person votes accounted for 23.7% of all ballots in Milwaukee County and 17.7% in Dane County, according to a Milwaukee Journal Sentinel analysis of voting data from the elections commission. Statewide, nearly 700,000 people voted this way in the November election. Our ruling Trump claims in his speech (and a lawsuit) that "70,000 absentee ballots that do not have matching ballot applications as required by law." Every part of this is wrong. Trump was actually referring to a group of 170,000 votes, not 70,000. And that group of in-person absentee voters did indeed fill out an application in order to cast their ballot. It was part of the ballot certificate on the envelope, but that doesn’t make it any less valid since state statute doesn’t specify the nature of that application. It’s the same approach that’s been used without issue in Wisconsin elections since 2010 — including the 2016 presidential contest that Trump won. We rate Trump’s claim Pants on Fire.

Elections,States,Wisconsin,Donald Trump

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Carol Miller

2020-08-18 00:00:00

a Democratic convention speech:

“8% of the votes cast” in Michigan’s Aug. 4 primary, 864 mailed ballots, came from dead voters. “NOTHING TO SEE HERE!!!”

Monique Curet

2020-12-10 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/dec/10/blog-posting/no-pfizers-head-research-didnt-say-covid-19-vaccin/

No, Pfizer’s head of research didn’t say the COVID-19 vaccine will make women infertile

As people start to receive Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine, social media users continue to share misinformation about the injection.  "Head of Pfizer Research: Covid vaccine is female sterilization," reads an inaccurate headline on a blog called "Health and Money News." This post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  While the headline refers to sterilization, the post uses softer language, referring to the possibility of infertility caused by the COVID-19 vaccine. Even so, it draws a misleading conclusion from the claims made by the doctors it cites — claims that Pfizer and other experts dispute. The post claims the vaccine contains a spike protein called syncytin-1, "vital for the formation of human placenta in women," that could be targeted by the body’s immune system.  "If the vaccine works so that we form an immune response AGAINST the spike protein, we are also training the female body to attack syncytin-1, which could lead to infertility in women of an unspecified duration," the post says.  The blog cites "ex-Pfizer head of respiratory research Dr. Michael Yeadon and the lung specialist and former head of the public health department Dr. Wolfgang Wodarg." Wodarg is a German physician, and Yeadon hasn’t worked for Pfizer in nine years, according to the Associated Press. Yeadon’s LinkedIn profile says he was formerly the chief scientific officer of allergy and respiratory research. PolitiFact tried to reach him without success.  The post links to a Dec. 1 letter from the men to the European Medicines Agency seeking to stop clinical trials of the Pfizer vaccine in the European Union. "Several vaccine candidates are expected to induce the formation of humoral antibodies against spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2," the letter says. "Syncytin-1… which is derived from human endogenous retroviruses … and is responsible for the development of a placenta in mammals and humans and is therefore an essential prerequisite for a successful pregnancy, is also found in homologous form in the spike proteins of SARS viruses. There is no indication whether antibodies against spike proteins of SARS viruses would also act like anti-Syncytin-1 antibodies. However, if this were to be the case, this would then prevent the formation of a placenta which would result in vaccinated women essentially becoming infertile." Brent Stockwell, a professor studying disease networks and chemical and biological tools at Columbia University, told us that the claim that the COVID-19 vaccines cause infertility isn’t true.  Humans do have a protein called syncytin-1, which is critical in developing the placenta during pregnancy, Stockwell said in an email. "Theoretically, an immune response against this protein could cause increased risk of a failed pregnancy." But if the claims in the blog post were accurate, that would mean that pregnant women who catch COVID-19 would also become infertile, he said. No increased infertility or pregnancy loss has been observed in women with COVID-19.  "Any hint of similarity between syncytin-1 and the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (which is used as part of the vaccine) is extremely remote," he said. "There are hardly any parts of the two proteins that are even vaguely similar, and they are far more distinct than would be needed for cross-reactivity of immune responses." In short, he said there’s no chance that the COVID-19 vaccine would train the immune system to accidentally recognize and fight syncytin-1.  Pfizer told us in a statement that there’s no data to suggest that the company’s vaccine candidate causes infertility.  Experts interviewed by The Associated Press, which also looked into this post, corroborated this.  Our ruling The blog post says: "Head of Pfizer research: Covid vaccine is female sterilization."  The head of Pfizer research didn’t say this. A doctor whose LinkedIn profile says he worked at Pfizer nine years ago as a chief scientific officer has raised concerns that a COVID-19 vaccine could make women infertile if their immune systems target a certain protein. But experts say that even the rationale behind that idea is wrong. If a COVID-19 vaccine could cause infertility in the way the post describes, so would having COVID-19 itself, and there’s been no evidence for that so far. We rate this blog post False.  

Public Health,Facebook Fact-checks,Coronavirus,Bloggers

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Bill Clinton

2020-08-15 00:00:00

a tweet:

"You know what the biggest lie is, is that restaurants are spreaders of COVID. There's no science for that."

Miriam Valverde

2020-09-21 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/21/paul-junge/fact-checking-rep-elissa-slotkins-record-bipartisa/

Fact-checking Rep. Elissa Slotkin’s record of bipartisanship

In 2018, Democrat Elissa Slotkin flipped a congressional district Donald Trump won in 2016, unseating the Republican incumbent. Back on the campaign trail, she has told voters in the 8th district that while in Washington, she has worked as an independent and bipartisan lawmaker. Slotkin’s Republican challenger Paul Junge — a former prosecutor and TV anchor — disputes that. "Candidate Slotkin had presented herself as a moderate and as someone who’d be independent-minded but her time in office is making it increasingly clear that no, she is very partisan, voting 96% of the time with Speaker Pelosi," Junge said during a Sept. 11 interview on the WDET radio program "Detroit Today." Junge points to the fact that Slotkin has voted 96% of the time with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi as evidence that Slotkin is more liberal than her moderate image suggests. Junge has also pointed to the fact that Slotkin has voted 90% of the time with "The Squad," a group of liberal Democratic congresswomen including Reps. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York, Ilhan Omar of Minnesota, Rashida Tlaib of Michigan and Ayanna Pressley of Massachusetts. "Congresswoman Slotkin's record of voting with Nancy Pelosi 96% of the time and 90% with "squad" members like Rashida Tlaib make it clear she has aligned herself with the most radical elements of her party after promising to be a moderate. Any thoughtful examination of her record leads to the conclusion that she puts party over country again and again," Rob Wagener, spokesman for the Junge campaign, wrote in an email to PolitiFact Michigan. During her interview on "Detroit Today" on Sept. 11, Slotkin countered that while in Congress, she has "voted over 800 times, and 640 of those votes are bipartisan where we’ve got Democrats and Republicans voting for the same bill." She has also noted that she has voted against her party 55 times. The numbers have changed slightly since the campaign conducted this analysis before Congress’ August recess, but considering Slotkin’s most recent votes generally yields the same result: About 77% of the votes Slotkin has taken during her first term in Congress had the support of at least one Republican member of Congress. "While there are many ways to define bipartisanship, by any measure, Congresswoman Slotkin is among the most bipartisan members of Congress," Gordon Trowbridge, spokesperson for Slotkin’s campaign, wrote in an email to PolitiFact Michigan. Congressional experts say the raw vote figures cited by Junge and Slotkin offer an incomplete picture of a lawmaker’s record of partisanship, and say Slotkin’s definition of bipartisanship as voting the same way as at least one Republican is not very informative. Analysts point instead to other scoring systems that compare lawmakers' voting records with other members of their political party and to their record of collaborating on legislation with members of the other party. For Slotkin, who has branded herself as a moderate and bipartisan member of Congress, these indicators show that her record is indeed consistent with her campaign rhetoric, and that Junge’s characterization of her as a liberal Democrat and very partisan is off the mark. Junge’s claims on Slotkin voting with Pelosi and "The Squad" During her first term in Congress, Slotkin has voted the same way as Speaker Pelosi 96% of the time, according to ProPublica, a national investigative news organization. The figure is based on 75 votes cast by Speaker Pelosi who, by tradition, votes at her discretion. Slotkin has also voted 89% of the time with Reps. Ocasio-Cortez, Omar and Tlaib; and 90% with Rep. Pressley, according to ProPublica. So Slotkin has frequently voted the same way as her party’s leadership. Members of the House often vote consistently with their party's leader. The vast majority of Democratic lawmakers in the current Congress have voted with Pelosi at least 90% of the time. Slotkin has also voted consistently with liberal Democrats. But congressional experts warn against using raw vote totals as an indicator of partisanship. "Raw vote counts are misleading without context, especially with a high percentage of non-controversial votes," wrote Ian Ostrander, an assistant professor of American politics at Michigan State University. "Some votes matter much more than others." Slotkin’s record on bipartisan and independent votes In response to Junge’s claims, Slotkin pointed out the number of times she has voted with Republican members of Congress and against her own party. An analysis of the most recent data from Voteview shows that Slotkin has voted against her own party 55 times, and that 677 of the 879 votes Slotkin has taken during her term in Congress — about 77% — had the support of at least one Republican member. Experts agree this is not a great definition of bipartisanship. "By her metric, if she, 230 other Democrats, and one Republican voted for a bill, then she's voting in a bipartisan fashion. That's just silly," wrote Christian Fong, an assistant professor of political science at the University of Michigan, in an email to PolitiFact Michigan. Other metrics for evaluating Slotkin’s record Congressional scholars often rely on what’s called the Nominate score, which measures a member’s ideology based on their voting record. The metric, developed by political scientists Keith Poole and Howard Rosenthal in the 1980s, provides a general sense of how liberal or conservative a member’s voting record is. UCLA’s Department of Political Science and Social Science Computing computes members' Nominate scores today. Nominate scores fall along a scale of -1 to 1, with -1 being the most liberal end of the spectrum and 1 as the most conservative. Slotkin’s Nominate score is -0.308, making her voting record more conservative than 68% of Democrats in the House. Slotkin’s Nominate score also shows she has staked out less liberal positions on votes than Pelosi. Looking at the measures members have co-sponsored rather than votes, GovTrack, an independent congressional tracker, ranked Slotkin among the most conservative Democrats in Congress in 2019. Fong suggests voters should consider other metrics of bipartisanship too: "Has she gotten any Republicans to cosponsor her bills? What Republican-led initiatives did she support? Are there any Republican colleagues with whom she's developed a strong working relationship?" The Bipartisan Index from the Lugar Center and Georgetown University’s McCourt School of Public Policy provides some answers. It measures how often lawmakers work with members of the other party on sponsoring and co-sponsoring legislation. It finds Slotkin has frequently co-sponsored bills introduced by the Republican Party and attracted Republican co-sponsors for the bills she has introduced, and ranked her in the top 25% of House lawmakers in 2019. According to GovTrack, 10 of Slotkin’s 15 bills and resolutions in 2019 had a Republican cosponsor. In June 2019, Slotkin joined the Problem Solvers Caucus, a group made up of an equal number of Democratic and Republican House members who try to identify bipartisan policy solutions. Our ruling Junge said that Slotkin "presented herself as a moderate" and "independent-minded" but instead she has acted "very partisan" during her first term. Independent analyses indicate Slotkin’s voting and legislative records are more conservative and bipartisan than most of her Democratic colleagues’. Junge highlighted one metric — Slotkin’s record of voting with Speaker Pelosi and liberal House members — as evidence. He ignores other metrics that would give a different impression. We rate Junge’s claim Mostly False. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here for more.

Bipartisanship,Congress,Elections,Michigan,Paul Junge

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Facebook posts

2020-12-02 00:00:00

a speech:

“Head of Pfizer research: Covid vaccine is female sterilization.”

Louis Jacobson

2020-09-20 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/20/facebook-posts/facebook-post-wrong-four-gop-senators-are-already-/

Facebook post wrong that four GOP senators are already blocking SCOTUS nomination

Tensions are high with control of the Supreme Court hanging in the balance, and a Facebook post is offering misleading information about how a Republican nominee to succeed the late Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg might be considered in the Senate. The post was dated Sept. 18, the same day as Ginsburg’s death. It says, "4 republican senators now on board...no vote until January on (Supreme Court): Murkowski, Romney, Collins, Grassley." The post is referring to four Republican senators, Lisa Murkowski of Alaska, Mitt Romney of Utah, Susan Collins of Maine, and Charles Grassley of Iowa. Under the Senate’s current rules, the Democrats would need to win over four Republican senators to block action on a nominee from President Trump. While these four senators have in the past stated their unease with filling a hypothetical vacancy this late in an election cycle, their past declarations don’t necessarily carry any weight for the decision over the actual Supreme Court vacancy they are now confronted with. The Senate, currently under Republican control, would be able to proceed to consideration of Trump’s nominee with simple majority support. Until 2017, the Senate required 60 votes to proceed to a Supreme Court nomination, but that year the Republicans voted to reduce the number to a simple majority. The lower threshold was used for the first time with the nomination of Neil Gorsuch and was then used again for Brett Kavanaugh. The current partisan breakdown in the Senate is 53 Republicans and 47 Democrats or Democratic-aliged independents. This means that the Democrats could only block the nomination if they can convince four Republicans to oppose it. (Three Republicans wouldn’t be enough, because Vice President Mike Pence, as president of the Senate, would be able to cast a tie-breaking vote for Trump’s nominee.) The Facebook post makes it sound like the four Republicans have already committed to doing so. But their past comments on the topic have addressed a theoretical court vacancy this late in the process, not the actual vacancy we have now. And their past comments are not binding; they could switch their view at any time and vote accordingly. Two of the four senators named in the Facebook post have reiterated their opposition to taking up the expected Trump nomination, but they’ve phrased their words carefully. On Sept. 19, one day after the Facebook post was published, Collins said in a statement, "Given the proximity of the presidential election ... I do not believe that the Senate should vote on the nominee prior to the election." On Sept. 20, two days after the post was published, Murkowski said, "For weeks, I have stated that I would not support taking up a potential Supreme Court vacancy this close to the election. Sadly, what was then a hypothetical is now our reality, but my position has not changed."  However, even these statements do not back up the Facebook post, since they did not explicitly rule out the option of voting on Trump’s nomination after the election, during the lame duck period before the next Congress is sworn in. That would be allowable under the Senate’s rules, though it would be highly controversial if the Democrats have already won back the presidency and enough seats to control the Senate. As of the afternoon of Sept. 20, neither Romney nor Grassley had taken an official position on consideration of a Trump nominee.  In 2016, Grassley, a former chairman of the Judiciary Committee, said, "A lifetime appointment that could dramatically impact individual freedoms and change the direction of the court for at least a generation is too important to get bogged down in politics. The American people shouldn’t be denied a voice." He reiterated this in October 2018, saying the committee, then under his chairmanship, wouldn’t consider a Supreme Court nominee in 2020. "If I’m chairman they won’t take it up," he told Fox News. The current chairman is Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., who has said he’ll take up Trump’s nomination in committee. (This is a reversal from a position Graham stated as recently as 2018.) Romney, who was the lone Republican to break from his party on the Trump impeachment vote, has not formally commented on how to fill the Ginsburg vacancy. Our ruling The Facebook post says, "4 republican senators now on board...no vote until January on (Supreme Court): Murkowski, Romney, Collins, Grassley." Prior to Ginsburg’s death, three of the four named senators had expressed concerns about a theoretical appointment being filled close to an election.  Two of the senators, Murkowski and Collins, have stated their position since Ginsburg’s death. They both said they opposed a vote before the election, but they did not explicitly rule out a vote after the election during the lame-duck period before a new Congress is sworn in. The other two senators, Romney and Grassley, have not commented about how to proceed with the current vacancy. We rate the statement False.

Supreme Court,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Bloggers

2020-12-08 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

"Candidate Slotkin had presented herself as a moderate and as someone who’d be independent-minded, but her time in office was making it increasingly clear that no, she was very partisan, voting 96% of the time with Speaker Pelosi."

Noah Y. Kim

2020-09-27 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/28/republican-party-wisconsin/gop-claim-dems-omitted-god-pledge-dnc-misleads/

GOP claim that Dems omitted ‘under God’ from pledge at DNC misleads

A month after the back-to-back national political conventions, the state Republican Party of Wisconsin still has a two-word bone to pick with Democrats. "At the Democratic convention, the Pledge of Allegiance was read with the words 'under God' removed," the Republican Party of Wisconsin claimed in a campaign mailer that landed, at least for some voters, in mailboxes on Sept. 17, 2020.  Milwaukee, of course, was selected for the 2020 Democratic National Convention, but the event was transformed into an almost entirely virtual affair due to the coronavirus pandemic. So, most convention speeches were made from a variety of remote locations across the United States.  We watched the DNC each night (the RNC, too), and each night this is what we heard: "I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all." So, what gives? Is the state GOP right about Democrats omitting "under God" at its event? Meetings upon meetings When asked to back up the claim, state GOP spokesman Alec Zimmerman pointed PolitiFact to footage of the Aug. 18, 2020 LGBTQ Caucus meeting from the virtually virtual DNC.  In addition to the main sessions each night, political conventions include a host of additional meetings -- from state delegations, to caucuses focused on specific topics. There were at least 30 of these during the DNC. In an email, Zimmerman wrote of the LGBTQ Caucus meeting: "The person reciting the pledge takes an extra long pause during the spot where ‘under God’ is normally mentioned, as to acknowledge what she’s doing. All of this was done under the banner of the DNC during the Democrat convention, as is made clear by the header atop the video." The video, which is posted on YouTube, shows a person introduced as "Dr. Richmond" reciting the pledge. Richmond pauses with a head nod at the point in the pledge where "under God" is usually said. An Aug. 26, 2020 item from Reuters noted that "under God" was also omitted at the Muslim Delegates and Allies Assembly meeting.  This is not the first time the claim has come up. Even President Donald Trump tweeted about it on Aug. 22, 2020.  Our colleagues at PolitiFact National examined a similar claim from former Republican U.S. Senate candidate Peggy Hubbard of Illinois, who claimed in an Aug. 20, 2020 Facebook post:  "The DNC omitted ‘one nation under God’ from the Pledge of Allegiance."  As noted by PolitiFact National: Some Democratic caucus members omitted "one nation under God" from the Pledge of Allegiance during DNC meetings. But the line was not excluded from any of the convention’s primetime televised spots. On each night of the DNC, "under God" was included in the Pledge of Allegiance. Hubbard’s claim was rated Mostly False. Philip Shulman, spokesman for the Democratic Party of Wisconsin, criticized Republicans for highlighting the issue, saying: "Donald Trump and Wisconsin Republicans know they can’t run on the issues, so instead they are desperately lying to Wisconsinites."  Our ruling The Wisconsin Republican Party in a mailer sent to voters said "the Pledge of Allegiance was read with the words 'under God' removed" at the Democratic National Convention.  There is some truth here, in that this happened at two of the 30 or so caucus and council meetings. But that’s not the impression left by the GOP mailer. Videos from the convention show that "under God" was included on all four nights of the main event, which were livestreamed and carried by many TV stations. For a statement that contains an element of truth but ignores critical facts that would give a different impression, our rating is Mostly False.

National,Elections,Patriotism,Wisconsin,Republican Party of Wisconsin

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Facebook posts

2020-09-20 00:00:00

a speech

“There's no court session between now and the end of this election.”

Louis Jacobson

2020-09-27 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/27/richard-durbin/no-us-economy-not-worst-world-factor-three/

No, U.S. economy not worst in world by ‘a factor of three’

Following last month’s Democratic National Convention, U.S. Sen. Dick Durbin said Democrats would better handle the coronavirus and the nation’s economy if they take control of the Senate next year. "We have a worse economy than any other country in the world that’s going through COVID-19 by a factor of three," Durbin said on the "Connected to Chicago" podcast hosted by WLS-AM’s Bill Cameron. While the U.S. economy has been struggling in the aftermath of shutdowns caused by the pandemic, the Aug. 23 claim drew a very stark comparison between the U.S. and the rest of the world that we had never heard. So we decided to check it out. Asked repeatedly to provide records, studies or any other support to back up the claim, Durbin’s staff did not respond. So we turned to experts and myriad data collected by economists to compare the U.S. economy to other countries. Experts we interviewed agreed the most effective measure is gross domestic product, or GDP. "I don’t think it’s true that our economy is worse than any other country by a factor of three," said Harry Holzer, a Georgetown University public policy professor who has studied the effects of COVID-19 on the economy. One publication experts commonly use for such comparisons is Our World in Data, a nonprofit based at Oxford University, which compiles and republishes statistics collected worldwide. On Sept. 1, Our World in Data published an examination of the health and economic impacts of the pandemic among 38 countries based on available GDP for the second quarter, which ended June 30. In it, the U.S. ranked above 24 other countries in a comparison to the same period in 2019. Among the two dozen countries doing worse than the U.S were the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Canada and Mexico, according to the study. Peru experienced the worst economic decline at 30% for the second quarter. The U.S sustained a GDP decline of 9.5%, the report said. Since Durbin made his claim about the U.S. having the worst economy during a discussion about unemployment, we decided to check that indicator to see whether the senator might have meant the U.S. jobless rate was three times worse than anywhere else in the world. In June, Holzer published a report with the Brookings Institution examining how COVID-19 had affected health and employment in 25 wealthy nations. He found the increase in unemployment during the first months of the pandemic was larger in the U.S. than in any of the other countries he reviewed. From January to April, data in his report shows, the U.S. unemployment rate quadrupled to 14.7%. That doesn’t mean the jobless rate here was several times worse than any other nation’s, or even increased at triple the rate of all other countries. For instance, Canada’s unemployment rate jumped to 13% in April, more than double where it stood in January. While the U.S. experienced a somewhat sharper increase, it was not worse by a factor of three, as Durbin stated. We did find an assertion similar to Durbin’s made at the Democratic convention by former president Bill Clinton. "Donald Trump says we’re leading the world," Clinton declared. "Well, we are the only major industrial economy to have its unemployment rate triple." PolitiFact found Clinton’s claim about the unemployment rate to be Mostly True. Holzer, who served under Clinton as chief economist at the U.S. Department of Labor, said if Durbin was attempting to repeat Clinton’s claim, "he mangled it." Our ruling Durbin said, "We have a worse economy than any other country in the world that’s going through COVID-19 by a factor of three." As of August, when Durbin made his remarks, available data for the second quarter showed U.S. GDP declined by 9.5% relative to the same period last year, better than two dozen other countries around the world. And while other economic indicators such as unemployment rates showed the U.S. economy suffered staggering losses, they were not worse by a factor of three, according to published data and experts. We rate Durbin’s claim False. FALSE — The statement is not accurate. Click here for more on the six PolitiFact ratings and how we select facts to check.

Economy,Illinois,Coronavirus,Richard Durbin

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Joe Biden

2020-04-26 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Students no longer say the Pledge of Allegiance in schools.

Katie Sanders

2020-09-27 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/27/instagram-posts/amy-coney-barretts-kingdom-god-comments-ripped-out/

Amy Coney Barrett’s ‘Kingdom of God’ comments ripped out of context

A sarcastic post traveling around social media warns that Supreme Court nominee Amy Coney Barrett has the same kind of views on separation of church and state as al-Qaeda or ISIS. "BREAKING: Al Qaeda & ISIS just issued a statement saying their end goal is to end separation of church and state & build a ‘Kingdom of God’ in the United States," the post says. "Oh, my bad, that was Amy Coney Barrett, the judge at the top of Trump’s list to replace Ruth Bader Ginsburg," it concludes. The posts were created by commentator Bryan Dawson when Barrett was on Trump’s short list of potential nominees and continued to spread after Trump officially made her his pick on Sept. 26, 2020. The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat potential false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) So did Barrett issue a statement saying she wanted to end separation of church and state and build a kingdom of God? No. The posts invent her position on the separation of church and state, misconstrue her comments on a "Kingdom of God" and make a dubious comparison with Islamic terror groups. Let’s review the evidence.  We found nothing to suggest that Barrett wants to end the separation of church and state. We found no statements from her saying that. And when she was confirmed in 2017 to the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, we found no concerns expressed by senators, either Democratic or Republican, that she sought that. (Most of the questions Democrats directed at her were how she would handle court precedents like Roe vs. Wade.) Sen. Charles Grassley, R-Iowa, asked Barrett during the 2017 hearings if it was ever proper for a judge to put her religious views above applying the law. Barrett replied: "It's never appropriate for a judge to impose that judge's personal convictions, whether they derive from faith or anywhere else on the law." Later in the hearing, responding to a question from Sen. Richard Durbin, D-Ill., Barrett said, "If you're asking whether I take my faith seriously and I'm a faithful Catholic, I am, although I would stress that my personal church affiliation or my religious belief would not bear in the discharge of my duties as a judge." Barrett did use the phrase "Kingdom of God" twice in a 2006 commencement address at Notre Dame Law School, and many media accounts of Barrett’s career and biography have noted the phrase. Barrett is a longtime law professor at Notre Dame, one of the best-known Catholic universities in the country. In the address, a transcript of which is online, Barrett spoke about what made Notre Dame Law School graduates special, noting their training in both academics and ethics. But many other law schools train their students in academics and ethics, she noted. "I’m just going to identify one way in which I hope that you, as graduates of Notre Dame, will fulfill the promise of being a different kind of lawyer. And that is this: that you will always keep in mind that your legal career is but a means to an end, and as Father Jenkins told you this morning, that end is building the kingdom of God. You know the same law, are charged with maintaining the same ethical standards, and will be entering the same kinds of legal jobs as your peers across the country. But if you can keep in mind that your fundamental purpose in life is not to be a lawyer, but to know, love, and serve God, you truly will be a different kind of lawyer." Barrett went on to advise graduates to pray, tithe and stay active in the Catholic faith. On the last point, she used the phrase again: "Finally, when you arrive at your new jobs in your new cities, seek out friends with whom you can share your faith. For the past three years, you have lived within the Notre Dame Law School community. While we are a community engaged in the enterprise of legal education and scholarship, we are also a community engaged in the enterprise of bringing about the kingdom of God. We are a community characterized by our love and concern for one another. I hope that you have enjoyed living here these last three years. I also hope that living at Notre Dame has given you a thirst for this kind of community. Don’t just look back on your time here with nostalgia. When you get where you’re going, carry Notre Dame with you. Deliberately choose a parish or church that has an active community life and commit yourself deeply to the relationships you find there. It’s only when you’re an independent operator that your career takes over. When your life is placed firmly within a web of relationships, it is much easier to keep your career in its proper place." Overall, Barrett’s use of the phrase "kingdom of God" was placed in a general context of Christian belief and a sentiment of love and concern for others.  By contrast, al-Qaeda and ISIS are terrorist groups known for murders, assassinations, ambushes, kidnappings and suicide bombings in the Middle East, as well as parts of Asia, Africa and around the world. Our ruling Internet posts claim that like Al-Qaeda and ISIS, Amy Barrett has said her "end goal is to end the separation of church and state & build a ‘Kingdom of God’ in the United States."  Barrett has not advocated for ending the separation of church and state. During public questioning for confirmation as a circuit court judge in 2017, she said judges’ personal views should not affect their official duties. Her comments about the Kingdom of God were made during a commencement address at a Catholic institution where she made general comments about living a Christian life.  Overall, we rate this post False. 

National,Religion,Supreme Court,Terrorism,Instagram posts

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Facebook posts

2020-09-18 00:00:00

on social media:

“4 republican senators now on board...no vote until January on (Supreme Court): Murkowski, Romney, Collins, Grassley.”

Angie Drobnic Holan

2020-09-25 00:00:00

half-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/25/facebook-posts/graph-us-abortion-rate-during-different-presidents/

Graph on US abortion rate during different presidents based on real data, but needs more information

While Republicans are typically considered anti-abortion, the rate of abortions under Democratic presidential administrations has actually fallen more precipitously, a Facebok post claims. The post argues the difference relates to the Democrats’ approach of making abortions unnecessary by providing contraception, compared with the Republican approach to make the procedure less available.  A graphic shows steep falls under Clinton and Obama administrations. Text above the graph reads, "For anyone who opposes Trump but hesitates to vote Democrat because of the abortion issue, here’s some food for thought: "Neither party wants to see abortions increase. The difference is in strategy: the Republicans approach of ‘Make it illegal’ vs. the Democrats approach of ‘Make it unnecessary.’ Which is more effective? The numbers speak for themselves." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat potential false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The graph, which cites the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as its source, shows a declining abortion rate in the U.S. starting in the Reagan administration through the end of Obama administration. (It doesn’t show data from the Trump years.) It shows the rate of abortions declining marginally under Republican presidents and more dramatically under Democrats. In analyzing the post, we found two issues. First, states voluntarily report abortion data to the CDC, and which states report data varies wildly from year to year. For instance, California hasn’t reported abortion data in more than two decades. Second, experts say the post oversimplifies the reasoning behind the decline and overstates the role the occupant of the White House plays. The CDC data and historical rates of abortions in the U.S. Since 1969, the CDC has attempted to collected nationwide data to document the number of legal abortions, the abortion ratio (abortions versus live births), and the abortion rate (number of abortions per 1,000 women ages 15-44).  But the CDC data isn’t complete because not all abortions are counted.   The latest CDC abortion report, from 2016, used data from health agencies of 48 reporting areas (New York City and 47 states). But it did not include California, the District of Columbia, Maryland and New Hampshire — about 14% of the country’s population. That makes comparisons over time periods — or in this case presidential administrations — challenging.  Overall, the CDC says that the known number of abortions increased rapidly in 1973, after Roe vs. Wade, and reached their highest levels in the 1980s before decreasing "at a slow yet steady pace."   The CDC says the decline temporarily slowed between 2006-08, before resuming.  The specific declines cited in the graphic  According to the Facebook graphic, the abortion rate (per 1,000 women ages 15-44) declined 4% in the Reagan administration, and another 4% in George H. W. Bush’s four-year presidency. Then, it plummeted by 30% during President Bill Clinton’s two terms, and slowed once again during President George W. Bush’s two terms, with only a 3% drop.  The last large decrease, the chart shows, came in the Obama years with a 26% decline. The most recent CDC abortion surveillance report is from 2016. The percentage decreases generally line up with the available CDC data we reviewed. Though, that data isn’t perfect.  From 1973 through 1997, the CDC compiled the data from 52 reporting areas in the United States: the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City. But that changed in 1998 (states send in the data voluntarily). That year, the CDC received abortion data from 48 reporting areas, instead, excluding Alaska, California, New Hampshire and Oklahoma.  States have continued to swap in and out over the ensueing years, but it’s notable that California, the most populous state, has remained constant and hasn’t submitted any abortion data since it stopped in 1998. What to make of the numbers  "I think it is an oversimplification to say there is an association between the abortion rate and the political party occupying the White House," said Dr. Daniel Grossman, a professor of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive sciences at the University of California, San Francisco.  "Many of the policies that might affect the abortion rate vary at the state level. These include things like whether there has been an expansion of programs, including Medicaid, to provide contraception for people living on low incomes, or alternatively, policies that might make it more difficult for clinicians to provide abortion care." Nearly all abortion challenges have, indeed, come at the state level. The federal outliers are the 1976 Hyde Amendment, which prohibits which prohibits the federal government from covering the costs of abortions except in very rare cases, and the 2003 Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act, which prohibits a form of late termination of pregnancy. But by and large, federal lawmakers have had trouble passing abortion restriction laws. The Guttmacher Institute, which supports abortion rights, compiles abortion data every three years and surveys hospitals, abortion clinics and health departments.  In 2017, the organization reported that the U.S. abortion rate had decreased to record low levels, dropping to 13.5 abortions per 1,000 women aged 15–44, the lowest rate recorded since abortion was legalized in 1973. The decline may be due to fewer women becoming pregnant and increased access to contraception rather than by laws restricting abortions, said Elizabeth Nash, the institute’s senior state policy manager. "Between 2011 and 2017, the abortion decline appears to be driven by fewer people becoming pregnant in the first place, as both abortions and births declined. If abortion restrictions were the main driver across the board, we’d expect the birth rate to increase," Nash said. "There are a lot of potential factors at play, including increased access to affordable contraception (due to the Affordable Care Act among other policies that make it easier to afford contraception), new methods of contraception, and changing pregnancy desires and attitudes." Our ruling A Facebook post shares a graph on U.S. abortion rates and says the larger declines during recent Democratic presidential administrations is due to the party’s approach of making abortions unnecessary, rather than the Repbulican party’s approach of making them illegal. The graphs cites CDC data, but health department reporting on abortions has fluctuated so much over the years that making broad comparisons can prove challenging. Not every state has reported its abortion data for every year. Moreover, experts said tying the abortion rate to the occupant of the White House alone is an oversimplification of a variety of factors that are at play. We rate this claim Half True.

Abortion,Facebook Fact-checks,Facebook posts

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Facebook posts

2020-09-19 00:00:00

a faked screenshot:

Says Ruth Bader Ginsburg tweeted, “I have information that will lead to the arrest of Hillary Clinton.”

Samantha Putterman

2020-09-25 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/25/dinesh-dsouza/local-national-interviews-show-kamala-harris-has-t/

Local, national interviews show Kamala Harris has taken questions from media

Conservative commentator Dinesh D’Souza took aim at Sen. Kamala Harris in an Instagram post for allegedly dodging the press since former Vice President Joe Biden, the Democratic nominee for president, tagged her as his running mate in mid August. "Kamala Harris was picked to be Joe Biden’s VP 42 days ago," said the Sept. 23 post. "There are 41 days until the election. She has not formally taken questions from the press a single time." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) The claim appears to have originated with NBC News reporter Deepa Shivaram, who tweeted a day earlier that "the senator has not once formally taken questions from the press."  The tweet racked up thousands of likes and retweets and was shared by a number of news reporters. Eric Trump and other allies of President Donald Trump also picked it up. And it made the jump to Instagram when D’Souza shared it to his more than 900,000 followers. But Harris hasn’t shunned the media, as D’Souza’s Instagram post suggests. The California senator sat down for her first interview as a vice presidential candidate with the 19th News on Aug. 14, three days after Biden announced her as his running mate. Since then, Harris has done interviews with national organizations such as People, ABC News, NBC, Univision, BET and CNN. She also interviewed with the Grio, a site targeting African American readers, and she appeared on Showtime’s late-night talk show, "Desus and Mero." On Sept. 21, two days before D’Souza’s post, Harris spoke with Urban Radio Networks reporter and CNN political analyst April Ryan and joined radio host Russ Parr for his show. She is slated to appear Sept. 28 on MSNBC’s "The Last Word with Lawrence O’Donnell." Harris has also interviewed with a number of local news outlets. The outlets PolitiFact identified include: three TV stations and two radio stations serving south Florida; a TV station in Charlotte, N.C.; two TV stations in Milwaukee; a TV station in the San Francisco Bay Area; two TV stations in Phoenix; a TV station in Las Vegas; two TV stations in Philadelphia; a TV station in Detroit; and a TV station serving the Flint and Tri-Cities region of Michigan. When a reporter asked Biden why they hadn’t "seen her out very much" during a Sept. 4 press conference, Biden said Harris has been busy campaigning on his behalf. "She’s been on the road," Biden said. "She’s out herself. The role is that, just like when Barack and I campaigned, we try to cover as much territory as we could, and both of us out campaigning." Shivaram, the NBC News reporter, clarified her original point in a second tweet, which was posted in response to a question and received significantly fewer shares. She said Harris has, in fact, done interviews with both national networks and local outlets in states she’s visited.  What Harris hasn’t had, Shivaram wrote, is an informal briefing where reporters covering her campaign stops can ask questions, aside from a "few shouted questions." "Just to be clear, she's taken questions," Shivaram tweeted in response to another reporter’s retweet. "But it's us shouting them out as we're moving in and out of rooms, or as she's walking in and out of events. Nothing more established than that." D’Souza did not respond to a request for comment. Our ruling An Instagram post says Harris "has not formally taken questions from the press a single time" since Biden named her as his vice presidential pick. That’s inaccurate. Harris has made numerous media appearances and interviews since the Aug. 11 announcement. We rate this Instagram post False.

Pundits,Facebook Fact-checks,California,PunditFact,Dinesh D'Souza

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Instagram posts

2020-08-23 00:00:00

a radio

"We have a worse economy than any other country in the world that's going through COVID-19 by a factor of three."

Samantha Putterman

2020-09-25 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/31/john-james/fact-checking-john-james-gary-peters-committee-att/

Fact-checking John James on Gary Peters’ committee attendance

In the race for one of the few vulnerable Senate seats held by a Democrat this year, Republican John James is targeting Michigan Sen. Gary Peters as an ineffective, "invisible" incumbent. A recent campaign ad, distilled this argument, which James has echoed elsewhere.  "They call him the invisible man, the politician known for doing nothing, Gary Peters. Nothing to prepare us for covid. His responsibility. Nothing for our economy. Peters doesn’t show up for work. Skipped 84% of small business hearings. Nothing to protect workers. Skipped 89% of hearings on China. But Peters has done one thing: Got rich in public office. Doubled his wealth. Gary Peters: Invisible for Michigan" Poor committee attendance is a time-worn argument by challengers, one we have seen many times before. Here, we’ll look at James’ assertion that Peters is "known for doing nothing" and that he "skipped 84% of small business hearings (and) skipped 89% of hearings on China." Where the numbers come from Peters served three terms in the House, then was elected to the Senate in 2014. He is seeking a second term this year, against James, a West Point graduate and Army combat veteran. James ran for the Senate in 2018 but lost to Democratic incumbent Debbie Stabenow. James’ campaign staff said the numbers refer to Peters’ service on the House Small Business Committee and the Congressional Executive Commission on China, which he joined as a senator in 2015. Committee attendance statistics are not easily accessible; determining them requires scrutinizing transcripts of dozens of committee hearings, some of them made public months after the hearing, to see whether a lawmaker participated. The James campaign said they found that Peters missed 43 of the 51 Small Business Committee hearings in 2011 and 2012, when he was serving in the House and before he was elected to the Senate. As for the China commission, the James campaign said it used the same method and found that Peters missed 16 of 18 meetings since Peters joined the committee. (Here are all the hearings with links, courtesy of the James campaign.) How illuminating are these numbers? When we contacted Peters’ campaign, they didn’t dispute the James campaign’s numbers. But they said the figures amount to cherry-picked metrics of Peters’ level of engagement in Washington. For starters, they said the Small Business Committee attendance rate references activities nearly a decade ago. During his three terms in the House, Peters was also a member of the House Financial Services Committee, a more powerful panel. "A lot of committees will schedule hearings at the same time, making it virtually impossible to attend, in a meaningful sense, all of them," said Joshua Huder, a Georgetown University political scientist. Roll Call, a Washington publication that covers Congress, wrote in 2014 that unless the senator wields the gavel, he or she may only show up for five minutes, or when it is their turn to ask questions. The focus on committee attendance also overlooks that Peters co-sponsored the Small Business Jobs Act, which eased access to credit by small businesses and was signed into law by President Barack Obama. A closer look at the China panel Currently, in the Senate, Peters serves on the Armed Services Committee, the Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee, and the Homeland Security and Government Affairs Committee.  Each of those committees is considered influential, yet it’s notable that the ad focuses on the China panel, which is not a traditional congressional committee and does not generate or approve legislation.  The panel was created in 2000 to monitor China's compliance with international human rights standards, to encourage the development of the rule of law in China, and to maintain a list of victims of human rights abuses in China. It is charged with submitting an annual report to the president. Fox News reported that "many of the members of the commission ... had spotty attendance at the commission's hearings." Steven S. Smith, a political scientist at Washington University in St. Louis, said the China panel is "a different kind of creature." "It exists to monitor activity in China, which is largely done by staff," Smith said. He added that the Trump administration has not filled the five seats that are reserved for presidential appointees.  Peters missed zero floor votes in 2019 There’s also another metric to gauge how active Peters has been in the Senate: The percentage of floor votes missed. In 2019, the most recent full year available, Peters missed exactly zero floor votes, which put him in a 16-way tie for the best vote attendance in the chamber. Peters’ 100% voting rate was equal to that of the chambers’ two leaders, Sens. Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., and Chuck Schumber, D-N.Y. That record "indicates that Sen. Peters was on the job," Smith said. Finally, Peters has received high marks for effectiveness from the Center for Effective Lawmaking, an independent institution run by Vanderbilt University and the University of Virginia. During the 2017-18 congressional year, the center ranked Peters as the fourth-most effective Democrat out of 48 in the chamber. The measurement is based on the bills lawmakers sponsor, how far those bills move through the legislative process, and how significant their policy proposals are. Intra-party comparisons are the most reliable, since there’s a major difference in clout between a majority senator and a minority senator. "Despite his minority-party status, he was very active in navigating a number of legislative items through the Republican-controlled Senate," Alan Wiseman, the center’s co-director, told the Michigan Advance. "His success in advancing his legislative agenda in the 115th Congress is greater than one would expect, given his relatively low seniority in the Senate." Meanwhile, the Lugar Center and Georgetown University’s McCourt School of Public Policy rated Peters third among Democratic senators, and 12th overall, in bipartisanship in 2019. Our ruling James said that Peters is "known for doing nothing. … (Peters) skipped 84% of small business hearings (and) skipped 89% of hearings on China." The percentages are accurate, but they are cherry-picked because they ignore multiple other measurements that indicate a high level of engagement by Peters in Washington, including recent influential committee assignments, a perfect record on floor votes, and high scores on effectiveness from independent academic analyses. We rate the statement Mostly False.

Candidate Biography,China,Congress,Small Business,Michigan,John James

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8, 36257, 220, 5833, 4, 315, 2678, 2626, 45348, 320, 438, 8, 36257, 220, 4578, 4, 315, 45348, 389, 5734, 10246, 791, 54208, 527, 13687, 11, 719, 814, 527, 41980, 2320, 19011, 1606, 814, 10240, 5361, 1023, 22323, 430, 13519, 264, 1579, 2237, 315, 20392, 555, 32284, 304, 6652, 11, 2737, 3293, 32549, 13093, 32272, 11, 264, 4832, 3335, 389, 6558, 12973, 11, 323, 1579, 12483, 389, 27375, 505, 9678, 14584, 29060, 627, 1687, 4478, 279, 5224, 64285, 3641, 627]

Richard Durbin

2020-09-22 00:00:00

an Instagram post:

Like Al-Qaeda and ISIS, Amy Coney Barrett has said her “end goal is to end the separation of church and state & build a ‘Kingdom of God’ in the United States.”

Bill McCarthy

2020-08-31 00:00:00

pants-fire

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/aug/31/martha-mcsally/no-mark-kelly-does-not-want-defund-police/

No, Mark Kelly does not want to defund the police

Republican Arizona Sen. Martha McSally claimed that if her Democratic challenger Mark Kelly gets elected, he’d "ram through the most radical agenda in our life." Kelly and Democratic presidential candidate Joe Biden want to defund the police, she claimed. "This race is what stands in the way of the radical Left from gaining power," McSally tweeted Aug. 18. "While we are on the cusp of a Great American Comeback, Mark Kelly & Joe Biden want to raise taxes on hardworking Arizonans and defund the police." We’ve previously fact-checked exaggerations about Biden’s tax plan, which would raise taxes on wealthier Americans and corporations. It’s also False that Biden wants to defund the police; he said he’s against that effort. What about Kelly — does he want to defund the police? No. Kelly, the son of two police officers, has said he does not want to defund police departments. He has said, however, that changes in policing are needed. McSally’s campaign did not provide evidence that supported her claim. Kelly, a retired U.S. Navy pilot and astronaut, is seeking to oust McSally from the U.S. Senate seat she was appointed to after the resignation of Sen. John Kyl. McSally is a former U.S. House member and retired Air Force pilot who lost a 2018 Senate bid. RELATED: Fact-checking Arizona Senate race claim about Mark Kelly, PPP loan ‘That’s not the approach’ In June, Jim Sharpe of KTAR News 92.3 FM asked Kelly where he stood on calls to defund the police: "Some in your party have called for defunding or even dismantling the police, do you agree with either of these solutions, and if not, what do you think the solutions are?" Kelly started by saying he was horrified by the killing of George Floyd. He hoped the arrest of the officers involved is "a first step on a path to justice," he said. Kelly added that there were "deep systemic" issues with racism in the country and that there should be justice and accountability. "But I do not agree that we should defund the police, or defund police departments, that’s not the approach here, we need reform of policing," Kelly said. "I’m the son of two cops. I understand the difficulty of this job, but that’s not the approach. More reporting, more transparency, independent oversight, investigations, these are common sense things we can do to get to the point where we don't see situations like these repeatedly in our country." KTAR News 92.3 posted two tweets on June 12 based on the interview with Kelly, reinforcing that Kelly was against defunding the police. "Taking money away from police departments is not a recipe for community success, but changing enforcement tactics is, Democratic Senate candidate Mark Kelly told @AZMorningNews," one of the tweets said. Also in June, Kelly’s campaign spokesperson Jacob Peters reiterated in the Arizona Republic that Kelly "believes we need to reform policing, not defund police departments." Peters told PolitiFact, "Mark has been clear, he does not support defunding the police." We found no social media posts or other media interviews from Kelly that supported McSally’s claim. In a series of tweets related to Floyd on June 6, Kelly said he supported peaceful protests, called for "accountability and a just system that doesn't discriminate against anyone because of race" and said "urgent action and long term commitment" was needed. His tweets did not say he supported defunding the police. Our ruling McSally said Kelly wants to "defund the police." Kelly has opposed defunding the police. Kelly, the son of police officers, told an Arizona radio station in June that defunding police departments was not the approach needed. Reforms in policing are needed, including more transparency and oversight, he said. McSally’s statement is baseless and inaccurate. We rate it Pants on Fire.

Public Safety,Martha McSally

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Facebook posts

2020-09-23 00:00:00

an Instagram post:

Kamala Harris “has not formally taken questions from the press a single time” since she was announced as Joe Biden’s vice presidential pick.

Louis Jacobson

2020-09-16 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/15/viral-image/no-wildfires-dont-stop-us-canada-border/

No, wildfires don’t stop at the US-Canada border

Some social media users are using a map of wildfires in the United States to illustrate a political point: that the flames can’t be caused by climate change because they stop at the nation’s borders.  The map shows red markers depicting where fires are burning in the states. There are no such markings north or south of the U.S. border.  A screenshot of a tweet from the actor James Woods shows the map.  "Hey, Governor Newsom, why does ‘climate change’ stop abruptly at the Canadian border?" he wrote, addressing California Gov. Gavin Newsom, who described the fires in his state as a "climate damn emergency."  Facebook posts sharing the screenshot were flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.)  The tweet in which Woods shared the map has been deleted. But other Twitter users have also tweeted about it, and drawn the attention of climate scientist Katharine Hayhoe, the director of the Texas Tech Climate Center who has contributed to multiple National Climate Assessment reports.   "The latest disinformation circling the twittersphere asks why the impacts of climate change appear to stop at the Canadian border," she tweeted on Sept. 13. "The answer is simple: because US maps only show US data." The natural resources department in Canada keeps updated information about the wildfires in its country here. As of Sept. 9, the last time the "National Wildland Fire Situation Report" was updated, there were five uncontrolled fires, 11 that weren’t anticipated to grow considering the current circumstances, and 47 controlled fires, meaning they’re contained and will be extinguished.  "Following a years-long series of extreme wildland fire seasons, 2020 has been one of Canada’s quietest since the 1990s," the agency says on its website.  In the United States, meanwhile, 87 large, active fires have burned more than 4.6 million acres in 10 states, according to the National Interagency Fire Center. Only four fires are contained.  Hayhoe also addressed this difference between the two countries in a Twitter thread addressing "popular wildfire myths." She said that while Canada has fewer wildfires "at the moment," it will have more than the U.S. at another point. "That’s weather, a single day, week or year. Climate change is the long-term trend over decades," she wrote.  Some social media posts have shared this map and suggested that it disproves that the fires are connected to climate change, something that affects the entire world and is not sequestered to the United States. Online, people are arguing about what caused the fires — poor forest management, arsonists, or global warming. Most wildfires in the lower 48 states are ignited by humans, but they’re burning a much greater area due to drier conditions caused by climate change, Hayhoe said.    As we’ve previously reported, climate change has affected the environments where the fires are burning on the West Coast right now, making them more conducive to wildfire. Experts have told us unequivocally that climate change has contributed to the frequency, intensity and scope of wildfires there.  We rate this Facebook post False.  

Environment,Climate Change,Facebook Fact-checks,California,Viral image

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Viral image

2020-08-31 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Biden said today, if he loses, his people will keep burning, looting and killing.”

Samantha Putterman

2020-09-15 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/15/facebook-posts/climate-change-created-conditions-west-coast-fires/

Climate change created conditions for the West Coast fires, experts say

At a rally in Nevada on Sep. 12, President Trump claimed that the wildfires currently raging across the West Coast have resulted from poor "forest management." Trump, who denies the existence of climate change, has made similar statements before in talking about a deadly firestorm near Paradise, Calif., in 2018 and again in 2019. We rated these statements False for being overly simplistic and reducing a complex issue to a single cause.   A Facebook post parrots Trump’s language, dismissing the possibility that global warming has contributed to the fires. "Climate change my a--," it reads. "CA fires are due to total lack of forest maintenance."  Another post makes a similar claim: "Bad forestry practices and 60 yr. old power lines caused the Calif. fires not the climate change hoax."  The wildfires, which include some of the largest infernos in the recorded history of the Western U.S., have claimed 35 lives so far and washed the skies of West Coast cities in orange.  We asked experts what’s fueling them — poor forest maintenance or human-caused climate change. They agreed that while good forest maintenance is critical to mitigating wildfires, it’s climate change that’s making them burn so forcefully. The effects of climate change Climatologists, ecologists and wildfire experts all told us that climate change has not only fueled the fires but also worsened their impact.  The regional climate has warmed considerably over the last few years, with 2014-18 being California’s five hottest years on record. In the last four decades, the area burned by wildfires has expanded tenfold. According to Noah Diffenbaugh, a climate scientist at Stanford University, "about half" of that increase is attributable to the effects of global warming.  There are many lines of evidence that climate change has exacerbated the likelihood of fires by modifying environments across the region. Climate change has raised overall temperatures along the West Coast, contributed to a long period of drought, reduced snow deposits in the mountains, and dried out vegetation, essentially covering forest floors with fuel. All of these developments have increased the risk of wildfires and the probability that they spread over great distances.  An article in Science written by a group of researchers breaks down this process in detail. Simply put, forests in mountainous regions of the Western U.S. get moisture during the spring and summer months from melting snowpacks. The warming of the climate has led to drought, which means that there’s less snow on the ground left over from the winter. Since temperatures are now rising earlier in the year, the already reduced amount of snow melts much quicker than it used to, leaving dried out twigs, pine needles and grasses on the forest floor. All of this dehydrated vegetation essentially turns forests into big tinderboxes, increasing their flammability. Climate change has also made other types of ecosystems more likely to catch fire. Rising temperatures have lowered the amount of vapor in the air, which leads the atmosphere to suck more moisture out of the soil, drying it out and making it more conducive to wildfires.  Under these conditions, all environments in the Western U.S. have become more likely to catch fire during ignition events like lightning strikes, heavy winds, downed power lines, or sparks from pyrotechnic devices, such as those used in a gender reveal party blamed for a fire in Yucaipa, Calif. "There are always accidental sparks, but the conditions don’t favor extremely large wildfires all the time," said Daniel Swain, a climate scientist at UCLA. "As the background conditions shift in that direction, it’s much more likely for these sparks to start a catastrophic blaze." A study published in August 2020 by Diffenbaugh, Swain and their colleagues found that the number of days per year with extreme wildfire weather in California has more than doubled since the early 1980s, primarily due to increased dryness in the soil.  Wildfires "are increasing in their likelihood," said Diffenbaugh. "They’re increasing in their intensity. And managing those risks requires an acknowledgement that the climate is warming." Forest management plays a role The role of climate change in making wooded areas more flammable doesn’t negate the importance of forest management. There are a number of steps forestry departments can take to decrease the risk of widespread fires, including thinning out small trees, setting strategic burns to prevent the buildup of dry vegetation, and clearing brush.  Swain said that a strict fire suppression policy set by federal forest agencies has likely contributed to the frequency of intense forest fires. Small, contained fires actually lower the risk of high-intensity fires by burning through dry fuel collected on the forest floor. However, many federal agencies followed a policy of extinguishing all fires, regardless of their scope. In doing so, they inadvertently allowed dry vegetation to pile up, increasing the likelihood of massive infernos like the ones we’re seeing. Trump has blamed California agencies for poor forest management, but the state owns just 2% of forest land in the state, while the federal government owns upwards of 60%. The sharp increase in the frequency of wildfires over a wide range of locations can’t be explained by forest management practices alone. Swain noted that the majority of wildfires actually aren’t forest fires at all. "Most fires aren’t burning trees, they’re burning other forms of vegetation," he said. "Forest management isn’t relevant unless you live in a forest." A false binary Many of the experts we spoke with were frustrated by the way that the debate over the West Coast fires has been framed. Claiming that either poor forest management or climate change is the single factor behind the wildfires doesn’t capture the fact that they are complex phenomena that result from a confluence of conditions.  "It’s really inaccurate to attempt to reduce the rising occurrence of large, highly destructive wildfires to one ingredient alone," Diffenbaugh said.  Climate change has already ensured that fires will occur at a higher intensity and frequency than they did in the past, and forest management is one of the most important techniques that the West Coast can use to cope with that reality.  "We have to adapt to climate change, and forest management is part of that set of tools that we can use," said Susan Prichard, a fire ecologist at the University of Washington.  Our ruling Viral Facebook posts dismiss the possibility that climate change is fueling the West Coast wildfires, instead citing "bad forestry practices" and "a total lack of forest maintenance." Experts told us that climate change has undoubtedly contributed to the frequency, intensity and scope of wildfires along the West Coast, and that forest maintenance can be used to mitigate those effects in forests.  We rate these posts False. ​

Environment,Climate Change,Fires,California,Facebook posts

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Donald Trump

2020-09-16 00:00:00

a pair of tweets:

Says Joe Biden played N.W.A.’s “F--- Tha Police” during an event in Florida.

Ciara O'Rourke

2020-09-20 00:00:00

false

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/18/joe-biden/joe-biden-wrongly-claims-trump-couldve-prevented-e/

Joe Biden wrongly claims Trump could’ve prevented every COVID-19 death

Speaking about the coronavirus during a CNN town hall less than two months away from Election Day, former Vice President Joe Biden said every one of the nearly 200,000 COVID-19 deaths recorded in the U.S. can be laid at President Donald Trump’s feet. "If the president had done his job, had done his job from the beginning, all the people would still be alive," Biden said at the CNN town hall in Moosic, Pa. "All the people. I'm not making this up. Just look at the data. Look at the data." The Democratic presidential nominee’s remark came as Trump faces criticism for downplaying the threat of the coronavirus early on and admitting on tape that he did so. The U.S. leads the world in confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths, and experts say a fall surge in cases could put fatalities at more than double their current number by the year’s end. A more robust handling of the pandemic would likely have seen the country’s death count significantly reduced, experts said. But Biden’s claim that a different response from Trump would have prevented every coronavirus death goes too far. "I think it’s impossible to say every life could have been saved," said Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security. Keeping COVID-19 at zero deaths would have been a difficult achievement "regardless of who is in charge," said Brooke Nichols, an assistant professor of global health at Boston University.  "If we had developed testing capacity as soon as we knew of the pathogen, and could rapidly test every one arriving from abroad, then I suppose it’s theoretically possible, but unlikely," Nichols said. Even countries that have found relative success managing the coronavirus — such as South Korea and New Zealand — have seen some deaths.  Experts said that faster, more robust measures taken by the federal government could have put the U.S. on par with those countries and others that responded similarly.  The right actions in January, February and March would likely have prevented "a substantial number" of deaths, Adalja said, and could have put the U.S. on "a trajectory more like Taiwan," which has recorded just 503 confirmed cases and seven deaths, according to Johns Hopkins University. Those actions might have included a national coordinated strategy across state lines, rapidly scaled up testing, the ramped up production and mobilization of resources, and more clear communications of what was known about the virus and how to prevent it, experts said. "Obviously, you could logically say that if you had a process that was ongoing and you started mitigation earlier, you could have saved lives," Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease expert, told CNN in April. "Obviously, no one is going to deny that." RELATED: Timeline: How Donald Trump responded to the coronavirus pandemic One May study from Columbia University estimated that the U.S. could have averted roughly 36,000 COVID-19 deaths before May if sweeping mitigation measures imposed on March 15 had instead gone into effect a week earlier.  Almost 54,000 deaths would have been avoided in that timeframe had the same interventions started two weeks earlier, the study said. "Had we mustered the political and public will to act as we did two weeks earlier, 90% of deaths through the beginning of May would have been averted," said study author Jeffrey Shaman, a professor of environmental health sciences.  But the study "doesn’t blame Trump," Shaman said, although he added that "the country has witnessed a complete lack of federal leadership." Other experts have also made estimates. A pair of epidemiologists wrote in an April op-ed for the New York Times that "an estimated 90% of deaths" from the first wave of U.S. cases "might have been prevented by putting social distancing policies into effect two weeks earlier."  Op-ed co-author Nicholas Jewell, a professor of biostatistics at the University of California, Berkeley, said it would be "magical thinking" to suggest 100% of COVID-19 deaths could have been prevented. "I haven’t seen any country really succeed to that extent," Jewell said. In a June op-ed for Stat, researchers compared the U.S. response to similar nations. Accounting for differences in population and the different timings of the outbreaks in each country, they concluded that the U.S. could have prevented many deaths.  If, for example, the U.S. "had acted as effectively as Germany, 70% of U.S. coronavirus deaths might have been prevented" in the four months after the U.S. recorded its first 15 cases of the coronavirus, the researchers wrote. More lives would have been saved had the U.S. mirrored the responses of other countries such as South Korea, they said. The picture hasn’t been much rosier of late. "If you look at May and June 1, since then, we’ve done dreadfully in the U.S.," Jewell said. Still, Biden’s claim that "all the people would still be alive" had Trump responded differently is an overstatement. "I don’t see how there is any truth to that," Nichols said. The Biden campaign did not respond to requests for comment. Our ruling Biden said, "If the president had done his job, had done his job from the beginning, all the people would still be alive. All the people. I'm not making this up. Just look at the data." Experts disagreed with that assessment. A stronger U.S. response could have saved many lives, experts said, but not every one. We rate this statement False.

National,Public Health,Coronavirus,Joe Biden

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Viral image

2020-09-12 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

Map shows that wildfires stop at the US.-Canada border.

Noah Y. Kim

2020-09-18 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/18/viral-image/post-misleads-about-covid-19-using-tuberculosis-da/

Post misleads about COVID-19 using tuberculosis data

The World Health Organization has published a global tuberculosis report every year since 1997. But in 2020, the global TB report isn’t just being used for educational purposes; it’s also being used to mislead social media users about the severity of COVID-19. One Facebook post employs accurate global tuberculosis numbers in an attempt to play down the need for coronavirus safety precautions like mask wearing. "Almost 4500 people lose their lives to tuberculosis EVERY SINGLE DAY. 30,000 people fall ill with tuberculosis EVERY SINGLE DAY. Last year alone, 10 million fell ill from TB and 1.5 million died," the post reads, pointing to the World Health Organization as a source. "Why don’t we wear masks for TB? Because CNN hasn’t instructed you to." The post was flagged as part of Facebook’s efforts to combat false news and misinformation on its News Feed. (Read more about our partnership with Facebook.) Are the numbers right? Yes, for the most part. But the post’s conclusions are misleading. TB isn’t prevalent in the United States, but in countries where it is prevalent, mask wearing actually is recommended.  Tuberculosis facts The post correctly references data provided on the World Health Organization’s tuberculosis webpage for some of its facts. "Every year, 10 million people fall ill with tuberculosis (TB). Despite being a preventable and curable disease, 1.5 million people die from TB each year – making it the world’s top infectious killer," the website reads, providing the same numbers as the post.  As for the number of people who die each day of TB, the post again pulls numbers directly from the WHO.  "Each day, nearly 4500 people lose their lives to TB and close to 30,000 people fall ill with this preventable and curable disease," reads a WHO press release about World Tuberculosis Day 2019.  However, the post misleads when it suggests that people don’t wear masks to prevent the spread of tuberculosis. They do. COVID-19 vs. TB in the U.S. Tuberculosis and COVID-19 "are both infectious diseases that attack primarily the lungs," reads a WHO site that examines the two diseases. Both the coronavirus and TB bacteria can spread through the air from one person to another, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  It’s possible the coronavirus can also be spread by touching a surface that has the virus on it and then touching your mouth or nose. The CDC explains on its website that we are still learning about how the virus spreads. The WHO guidelines on preventing and controlling TB infections recommend wearing masks as a type of respiratory hygiene measure that can help prevent the spread of the disease. But because TB is less prominent in the U.S. and TB has been around far longer, the suggestion has not been given much media attention.  The Union, an international organization that aims to help countries develop, implement and assess "anti-tuberculosis, lung health and non-communicable disease programmes," created a frequently asked questions document about COVID-19 and TB.  In response to the question, "Should I wear a mask?" the document says: "Wearing a mask presents a barrier for the spread of both TB and COVID-19 as masks stop them from being distributed into the air if being worn by someone who has symptoms or being inhaled by or touched by others in the immediate environment." If the diseases’ transmission is similar and masks help slow the spread, why has the response to COVID-19 in the U.S. looked so different from the response to TB each year? Because COVID-19 is much more prevalent in the U.S. than tuberculosis. The WHO reports that most of the people who contract TB live in "low- and middle-income countries," and about half of all people with the disease can be found in the following eight countries: Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines and South Africa. Since Jan. 21, 2020, the CDC has reported more than 6.6 million total cases of COVID-19. The last daily update increased the total by 41,464 cases — meaning that in one day, the U.S. alone reported more COVID-19 cases than the average global increase of TB cases (close to 30,000) each day. According to the CDC’s most recent available data, there were 9,025 cases of TB in the U.S. in 2018 and 9,088 in 2017. Provisional data for 2019 suggests there were 8,920 TB cases last year. With fewer than 10,000 cases of TB in the U.S. in every year since 2012, TB is not the same as COVID-19, in terms of its threat to Americans. What’s more, there’s a vaccine to protect against TB that the CDC website says is not widely used in the U.S., but is "often given to infants and small children in other countries where TB is common." A vaccine for COVID-19 does not exist yet. The CDC, WHO, doctors and public health officials all across the country now urge people to wear masks while the coronavirus pandemic continues. The spread of COVID-19 remains a large, ongoing problem in the U.S. This has resulted in American news organizations emphasizing experts’ calls for people to wear masks and reporting on mask mandates. (Examples of this seen here, here and here).  Nearly 200,000 people have died of COVID-19 in the U.S. The most recent CDC data indicates that in 2017, 515 people died of TB. COVID-19 has not existed for a full year, but even comparing current numbers to yearly totals of TB cases and deaths, it is clear that COVID-19 is a more serious threat to Americans. Our rating A Facebook post claims, "Last year alone, 10 million fell ill from TB and 1.5 million died. … Why don’t we wear masks for TB? Because CNN hasn’t instructed you to." The numbers in the claim are based on global data from the WHO. However, the post leaves out important context when it fails to mention that COVID-19 is far more prevalent in the U.S. than TB. As a result, experts recommend wearing masks to slow the spread of COVID-19. Mask wearing is also recommended to prevent the spread of TB in places where it is common. We rate this claim Mostly False.

Health Care,Facebook Fact-checks,Viral image

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Facebook posts

2020-09-11 00:00:00

a Facebook post:

“Houston Texans coming out for the Black National Anthem then going into the locker room for THE REAL NATIONAL ANTHEM is DISGRACEFUL.”

Daniel Funke

2020-09-18 00:00:00

barely-true

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2020/sep/18/democratic-congressional-campaign-committee/ad-invokes-covid-claiming-garcia-said-people-shoul/

Ad invokes COVID in claiming Garcia said people should fend for themselves

A TV ad attacking U.S. Rep. Mike Garcia, R-Calif., uses images, a narrator’s voice and words on the screen to invoke the coronavirus pandemic. Then it shows Garcia saying: "Everyone should have to figure out how to fend for themselves." Garcia’s remark was about food stamps, and it was made half a year before the outbreak hit California, though he has expressed opposition generally to federal safety nets. The race The ad is from the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee, which works to elect Democrats to the House. Democrat Christy Smith, a California assemblywoman elected in 2018, is running against Garcia on Nov. 3 for the 25th District congressional seat, north of Los Angeles.  The race is one of 18 pivotal House and Senate contests up for election on Nov. 3 that PolitiFact is tracking. It is rated a tossup by the nonpartisan Cook Political Report. Garcia, a former military pilot, defeated Smith in a special election for the seat in May. That election was held to replace Democrat Katie Hill after she resigned. The ad The committee’s 30-second spot opens with the narrator saying: "Thousands of Californians dead." What appears to be a headline pops on the screen and says: "Los Angeles Death Toll is High." Those words are from an Aug. 22 news story about COVID-19. The narrator continues: "Schools and businesses closed. How do we help people in need?" A woman and child are shown wearing disposable face masks commonly worn to protect against the virus.  Then the narrator says: "Well, according to millionaire Congressman Mike Garcia ..." — at that point, Garcia is shown in a video clip saying: "Everyone should have to figure out how to fend for themselves." Small print on the screen indicates Garcia’s comment is from an interview he did on "The Talk of Santa Clarita" podcast in August 2019, months before COVID-19 struck California.  The ad then attacks Garcia claiming he supported tax breaks for millionaires while working families got higher taxes. It closes returning to its original theme, with the narrator saying: "Millionaire Mike Garcia — leaving us to fend for ourselves."  The interview Here was the exchange with host Stephen Daniels in which Garcia made the remark used in the ad: Host: "Should there be a social safety net? Do you believe in that?"  Garcia: "I believe in Social Security, for sure." Host: "What about food stamps?" Garcia: "Food stamps at a low level I think is — as a purist, I would say no, everyone should have to figure out how to fend for themselves."  He added: "I do understand that people will get on hard times. Here’s where I land on all the programs: There should be safety nets, but I don’t want the federal government to be the safety net. I want the churches, I want the local community nonprofits, I want our neighbors to be the safety nets." One of the rotating headlines on the homepage of Garcia’s campaign website says: "I believe in the Constitution, Capitalism, Competition and Charity." Garcia has expressed support for providing federal aid to small businesses and their workers affected by COVID-19.  Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee spokesman Cole Leiter told PolitiFact that "Garcia was crystal clear when he was asked whether he supported the social safety net." Medicare, Medicaid and food stamps "are the very same social safety net programs that have proved essential to families in California who have been severely impacted by the economic fallout from the pandemic."  Garcia’s campaign did not reply to our requests for information. Our ruling An ad using strong imagery on COVID-19 said Garcia said: "Everyone should have to figure out how to fend for themselves." Garcia made the remark about food stamps and other government programs, though the ad gives no indication of that, and that was months before the outbreak. Garcia has expressed opposition to federal safety net programs generally, saying he prefers private sector assistance. We rate the statement Mostly False. This fact check is available at IFCN’s 2020 US Elections FactChat #Chatbot on WhatsApp. Click here, for more.

Poverty,Public Health,California,Coronavirus,Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee

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