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|---|---|---|---|
Reality | Actuality | Conceptuality | 8,615 |
imaginings are offline recreations | imaginings are offline simulations | imaginings are offline modulations | 1,249 |
mutatis mutandis | with those to be changed being changed | mutant undergoes mutation | 4,289 |
proof | demonstration | evidence | 2,409 |
universal | property | applicable in all scenarios | 2,437 |
scientific realism | claim that scientific practice aims at description of reality | claim that empirical science has vindicated the existence of an external world | 4,008 |
higher pleasures | pleasures of the mind | eudaimonia | 11,763 |
compositionality | the principle of semantic construction | the principle of musical invention | 6,478 |
cosmic nihilism | the universe has no purpose | the Milky Way is depressing | 6,755 |
relation | a way several entities stand to each other | family member | 5,271 |
atomism | an Ancient Greek school of thought that the universe is composed of indivisible atoms | physicalism | 9,110 |
individual essence | thisness | single life | 11,608 |
Epicureanism | The meaning of life is seeking pleasure | we should seek the happiness by following the religious orders | 10,937 |
Brain in a vat | A hypothetical brain, detached from its containing body, and stimulated artificially in such a way as to simulate physical experience | Hilary Putnam's brain, currently pickled in a container, and connected to a large computer | 1,634 |
Metaphysics | Ontology | Physicalism | 4,572 |
bank cases | cases where whether or not you know something seems to depend on stakes | cases of money | 6,156 |
Marxism | analyzing society in terms of class dynamics, base-superstructure relations, etc and applying those to different realms of critical inquiry | critical theory | 7,152 |
Materialism | Everything that exists is reducible to matter | The world is composed of material entities that are finitely reducible to atomes | 11,679 |
Social Disorganization Theory | Crime is more likely in areas with weak social bonds and community control. | Deterrence Theory | 4,973 |
ibn sina | Avicenna | Bin Laden | 11,598 |
mereological universalism | unrestricted composition | mereology | 2,114 |
rule of double negation elimination | For every proposition p, if we know it is the case that not not p then p holds | The view that actually there is double the negations that have to be eliminated | 4,776 |
Epistemic deontology | Belief duties | Moral deontology | 6,407 |
eliminative materialism | eliminativism | elimination | 2,492 |
teleonomy | the way in which organisms are goal-directed | the way in which organisms are goal-directed to make telephone calls and obey all speed limits | 8,260 |
rule-to-rule principle | To every syntactic rule corresponds a semantic rule that assigns meanings to the output of the syntactic rule on the basis of the meanings of inputs | constitutionalism | 9,145 |
Mass | Density times volume | Weight | 5,617 |
Nominal definitions are mere abbreviating stipulations. | Real definitions are claims about the essential attributes of some concrete particular. | Only real definitions raise hard ontological issues. | 5,566 |
perfect being | God | Zeus | 11,666 |
pessimistic induction | people were wrong in the past, so we are probably wrong | people were wrong in the past, so everything is awful | 6,420 |
the repugnant conclusion | the conclusion that given some principles of aggregation, it might be preferable that a large number of barely happy creatures exist | the smelly conclusion | 3,948 |
fact | state of affair | truth | 10,268 |
associativity | property of binary operations | association | 2,622 |
A priori knowledge | Knowledge independent of experience | Knowledge of prior convictions | 3,254 |
Temporal parts | Time-slices | Temporal locations | 8,429 |
unsound | having false premises or being invalid | liable to give way | 2,692 |
The Liar Paradox | This current sentence is not true | This current sentence is uttered by a liar | 4,938 |
Theory of everything | String theory | Totalitarianism | 7,119 |
atheism | the belief that god does not exist | lack of belief in god | 10,040 |
iconic | pictorial | famous | 11,491 |
Animalism | Theory claiming that we are essentially animals | Religion that worships animals | 953 |
according to Gettier, not every case of justified true belief is knowledge | Gettier rejects the JTB account of knowledge | Religious individuals believe that punished for their behaviors | 10,151 |
Minimalist theory of truth | Deflationary theory of truth | Post-truth theory | 7,435 |
modal realism | realism about possibilia | actualism | 1,672 |
appearance | Phenomena | clear | 1,209 |
jon and sue have an argument | jon and sue have a set of premises and a conclusion | jon and sue have a disagreement | 4,522 |
the derivation problem for cosmopsychism | the question of how smaller consciousnesses can derive from the cosmic consciousness | the perception problem | 8,272 |
a Socratic dialogue written by Plato. The main topic is the ethical evaluation of pleasure. | Philebus | Plato on pleasure | 4,232 |
neutral monism | dual aspect theory | undecided individualism | 2,715 |
Common ground | A shared body of beliefs in a conversation | The ground people commonly stand on | 4,218 |
erotetics | logic of questions | question answering | 2,869 |
Aesthetic properties | Artistic properties | Expression theory of art | 5,016 |
dark matter | a type of matter hypothesized to account for approximately eighty five percent of the matter in the universe | matter | 9,611 |
Utilitarianism | Consequentialism | Affirming The Consequent | 2,191 |
trope theory | a view that properties are particularized | universalism | 6,678 |
semantic holism | a theory on which the unit of meaning is not the single sentence, but systems of sentences | linguistically meaningful holistic theory | 9,339 |
German idealism | post-kantian philosophy | German values | 3,243 |
If Theseus’ ship were a car, then for legal purposes it would remain the same car, but for car collectors, it would be a different car. | The identity problem evinced by the ship of Theseus is contextual; identity may, at the same time, persist for some contexts while failing for others | Theseus bought a car legally and sold it to a car collector. | 2,970 |
a false proposition | a statement that's not true | a dishonest offer | 340 |
context | situation | pragmatics | 2,047 |
Epistemic Injustice | Testimonial silencing | Unjustified beliefs | 1,707 |
Triadic definition of the Sign | Signs as relations between vehicles, objects, and interpretants | Semiotics | 11,630 |
quiddity | whatness | haecceity | 10,636 |
application of ethical theory to specific case | applied ethics | exercise principles | 8,509 |
co-referential | co-extensional | co-intensional | 9,440 |
nominalism | the view that abstract objects do not exist | the view that current prices matter | 2,552 |
luck-egalitarianism | it is unjust that someone is worse off than others through no fault of her own. | radical egalitarianism | 5,474 |
intentional state | representational state | purposeful state | 11,143 |
horseshoe | material conditional | horse | 5,597 |
mad pain | D. K. Lewis's thought experiment in which the mad pain subject does something unusual when in pain, like snapping their fingers, and does not avoid it | martian pain | 8,693 |
verisimilitude | truthlikeness | accuracy | 11,319 |
retributivism | deserved suffering or deserved punishment is intrinsically valuable | tough love | 6,576 |
active invariance | preserving solution-hood without changing coordinate systems | passive invariance | 10,387 |
Phenomenal conservatism | The view according to which non-inferential justification rests on seemings or appearances | The view that seeks to uphold traditional social values | 191 |
Foundationalism | The theory that all knowledge is ultimately based on certain self-evident or indubitable foundations, such as basic sensory experiences or axioms. | Coherence Theory of Truth | 5,870 |
Simulated annealing | Optimization by probabilistic relaxation | Simulated cooling | 9,457 |
ought implies can | the view that if we must do something then it is possible for us to do that thing | When we say we ought to do something, we mean the same thing as when we say we can do something | 4,913 |
lex talionis | an eye for an eye | bird dictionary | 6,559 |
Accommodation | Linguistic process that makes an utterance appropriate | Housing | 4,472 |
Cognitivist anti-realism in ethics | Error theory in ethics | anti-realism in ethics | 4,258 |
hyper-intensionality | distinguishing between necessary equivalents | over-excited intensionality | 5,142 |
motivational internalism | one must have a conative state associated with every reason | intrinsic | 2,990 |
Electromagnetism | Interaction of electric and magnetic fields | Thermodynamics | 9,476 |
aesthetic | having to do with the philosophical study of artistic value | good-looking | 5,875 |
Ideal theory of justice | Rawl’s political philosophy | Mill’s theory of justice | 2,142 |
Qualia | Subjective properties | Universals | 6,408 |
expressivism | all moral statements aren't truth apt and express attitudes | some moral statements are true and express attitudes | 4,292 |
uptake | understanding | intake | 5,309 |
argument from design | proving the existence of a god | disputes about design | 4,352 |
ontological argument | argument for the existence of god that uses the premise that the concept of god implies their existence | metaphysics | 4,746 |
Alienation | Estrangement | Emigration | 3,528 |
gettier case | justified true belief that isn't knowledge | justified false belief | 3,499 |
Locke's theory of property | Labor theory of property | Labor theory of value | 6,983 |
Barbara | All Ms are Ps; all Ss are Ms; therefore, all Ss are Ps | foreign | 7,097 |
naturalism | physicalism | epiphenomenalism | 1,180 |
Utilitarianism (in normative ethics) | The theory that the right act maximizes overall happiness/well-being | belief in material usefulness | 3,811 |
Gravity | Curvature of spacetime | Heavy | 5,609 |
experientialism | The philosophy that knowledge is to be measured according to experiences and firsthand accounts | The view that the ability to experience the world is a constitutive feature of consciousness | 8,744 |
Swampman | Identity thought experiment | Brain in a vat | 9,086 |
Pragmatism | The only major philosophical school to be developed in the United States | Functionalism | 11,203 |