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ISNA / This news was written for you about the damages to the cultural heritage in the fall of 1998. The cultural heritage of any country is the identity of that country and its preservation is the preservation of the identity of a nation and country. If this identity card is destroyed, there is no duplicate for it, so those in charge of this matter and the people should make more efforts to protect Iran’s identity card. Undoubtedly, one of the serious problems for Iran’s cultural heritage is the protection of historical and cultural heritage. The destruction of historical sites under various pretexts and the lack of sufficient capacity to protect the monuments, the lack of funding for the restoration of historical monuments and the increase in the theft of monuments are among the problems that Iran’s cultural heritage is struggling with. “Today, nations and tribes identify cultural heritage and historical monuments in order to get to know each other better, and says that culture, art and Introduce each other to their rich historical background, which is why the preservation of cultural heritage is essential as a support for the continuation of a country’s cultural life, because the identity of any country is its antiquities and cultural heritage. What did they bring to the historical houses of Semnan? One built his house right in the middle of a historic castle; Moghan Kooshak Castle, Semnan. One bought his house with a historic castle; Quala Pachnar . Another built a wedding hall next to the ancient fortress and his business account is coins. This is a disaster that has befallen historical and ancient monuments in Semnan and no one bites. Although the monuments of Semnan are neglected and turned into personal property and split and disintegrated with cement, isogum and asphalt, but we can still try to save them. Restoration depends on a budget that will never be allocated Rabbit Castle Caravanserai One of the most important Safavid caravanserais located in the historical and registered route of Ardakan Yazd to Varzaneh of Isfahan is another historical monument in Iran that was neglected by the authorities and destroyed. And experienced turmoil. They are looking for a budget for a building that is in a bad condition and has been abandoned for years, and whenever this budget is allocated, they start rebuilding it. The then Deputy Minister of Cultural Heritage of Yazd said: the mentioned caravanserai had been turned into a place for keeping sheep by an occupier for some time, but the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage of Yazd evacuated this historical building, which is one of the Shah Abbasi caravanserais. A credit of 600 million Tomans has been considered for the restoration of this historical monument, which will be used in the restoration of the building as soon as it is allocated. No one will take care of this building A 700-year-old school in Yazd that has no guardian! Another catastrophic news headline about a long-standing monument. In the report that in the fall of 98 of the situation Shahabuddin Qasem Taraz Historical School has been published: With the registration number 1007, it is included in the list of national monuments, it is in an unfavorable situation and has been abandoned due to the lack of a trustee. There are mosaic tiles and embossed tiles on the front of Qassem Taraz School, and an inscription in the third line is placed on top of this door. On both sides of the door, inside the two rectangular squares, there is an inscription in Kufic script, in which the rectangular inscription of the left hand remains completely, but the inscription of the right hand has been destroyed. Inside Kryas and around the gates, Surah Fatah was performed in Naskh script in white, of which only a part remains today. It was a mosaic tile that has no trace of it now. A Yazdi researcher says: The last major restoration of this building is related to the last 50 years and the restoration of abandoned decorations and tiles has been cleaned in the last decade, but the collection of disruptive factors is related to the last year or so. Is. Seyed Mostafa Fatemi, the then director general of Yazd Cultural Heritage, says that the guardian of the Qasem Taraz historical school is the General Directorate of Endowments. It is considered the General Directorate of Endowments and Charity Affairs of the province. The General Directorate of Endowments and Charities of Yazd Province stated that it was unaware of the registration of this building in the endowment property and then asked the General Directorate of Education to follow up. The director of education in district one of Yazd province states in this regard: The mentioned building is not part of the education property, but the education of many historical schools has its property in its custody. It seems that this building has no special guardian and has been left alone; A building that was once the cradle of science in Yazd and is now neglected, and only those who pass in front of it, look at its tiled entrance and with a large, rusty lock on the wooden door will understand that Such a building still has no share in the history of Yazd due to negligence! Its only name is Baghistan For a green and historical area of several thousand hectares Qazvin Garden have a national registration number and when needed, they blow the horn, which has one of the largest green and historical spots in the world, but the back They are doomed and they are not left alone. They have learned the way well, or they set fire to the trees to suffocate the ashes, or they first dry the roots of the trees in the heart of the earth and by cutting them down, in addition to houses, construction workshops and companies. Municipal services in the middle of the traditional garden of Qazvin rise to the green ring that has stretched around the 9,000-year-old city of Qazvin for centuries and has become the breathing lungs of the city and even opened its place in the travelogues of various tourists. Delete Browse. They brought so much trouble to the garden that the voices of environmental organizations and the cultural heritage of Qazvin were heard many times. In a statement issued in the fall of 1998, they called on officials of cultural heritage, handicrafts and tourism, agricultural jihad, roads and urban planning, the Environmental Protection Agency and Qazvin provincial officials to stop destroying the most important heritage of Qazvin, the traditional garden of Qazvin. . The construction of the Quds Bridge destroyed significant parts of the best and most water-rich places in the historical garden of Qazvin, which is a world honor and has been registered in the list of national monuments. With the construction of the Persian Gulf Square underpass, the unique soil and the best pistachio trees in the world were sacrificed and the entrance of gardeners and the people of the city to the orchard was blocked in that place. The construction of Imam Reza (AS) class bridge separated the historical texture from the garden, destroyed the landscape of the garden and tore the organic connection of the historical texture with the garden that are along each other’s lives. Not all monuments need to be restored Abu Darda Tomb is the only remaining part of the Sahebi Darolshafa complex, which 700 years ago was known as the first hospital in Yazd and one of the first hospitals in the country, but now only a ruin of it remains in a corner of the historical fabric of Yazd. Is. Only the ruined remains of Sayyid Abu Darda ‘, which is limited to three walls, remain, and only the ruined remains of the altar with the Mogharnas bed can be seen. The architectural style and its comparison with similar buildings also shows that this building belongs to the Mongol era, but since this registered building had a religious use, it is now considered as an endowment and property of the General Directorate of Endowments. Seyed Mostafa Fatemi, General Manager of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism of Yazd Province, said: “A significant part of the building has been destroyed and cannot be used, so it is possible to introduce this valuable historical building in order to show it to tourists.” In the order of historical monuments for restoration. Not all monuments need to be restored, and some of them will require archeological operations, but this is currently not possible due to the province’s limited cultural heritage credits. Qajar bridge was grilled One of the reports of the fall of 1998 is related to the Qajar bridge, on which one of the tributaries of the Haraz River was built by order of Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar. This historical bridge was built on Baladeh-Yoosh road on one of the tributaries of Haraz river with the local name “Herdo Rud” which was registered in the list of national monuments in 2007 under the number 22027. The appearance of the Qajar bridge is safe from afar, but in addition to the large amount of garbage left around it irresponsibly, iron barriers have been installed on the bridge, which is inconsistent with the bridge’s architecture. At the beginning and end of the paved surface of the bridge, two holes have been created, the cause of which is unknown, but traces of fire and charcoal can be seen in them. Apparently, when there is no fire inside this historic fireplace, these holes play the role of trash. Restoration of the bridge after 9 months in the absence of cultural heritage Member of Tehran City Council from partial restoration of Bridge was announced by the municipality of Tehran after 9 months and said: although the cultural heritage should be restored But did not do this important! Cultural heritage is expected to be more vigilant about its duties by publishing such news. Take monument management crisis seriously Natural disasters are another threat to cultural heritage. In recent years, earthquakes, floods and fires have endangered the health of many historic buildings and prompted authorities to consider managing a more serious crisis in historic buildings. Despite the possibility of any natural disaster in the country at any time, but in recent years, fires are still the number one flip, which sometimes leads to the holding of some programs and meetings that from the point of view of the same authorities and Heritage experts are a repetitive task. An action that is only taken without any proper planning and taking appropriate steps, so that one day they may reach a practical result. In this regard, the first specialized meeting on historical monuments and fire hazards, which was held at the Cultural Heritage and Tourism Research Institute in the fall of 1998, but the important thing is that fires have occurred in historic buildings and have caused damage. Although the cultural heritage in the country is still a little smarter than before and at least is thinking of a way to prevent damage in times of crisis, but this issue also needs a more fundamental solution.

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7 Reasons To Seek Addiction Treatment Substance use disorder, which is more colloquially known as drug addiction, is a serious mental... Prescription Drugs are designed to be administered by a doctor and taken to heal. However, it’s easy for people, youth especially, to become dependent on prescription drugs and slowly begin to abuse them. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) found that approximately 10 million children and young people, ages 12 and up, had misused opioids in 2018; the majority of these youth misused prescribed pain killers. When teens are prescribed pain killers, it’s easy for the teen brain to become reliant on the addictive substance. Studies show that 38.5% of teens get prescription drugs from a friend or family member to whom they are prescribed. Misuse or abuse of prescription medication begins when youth are consuming the drugs without a prescription from a doctor. This can be scary and overwhelming for parents, but with education and communication, there is hope to help youth overcome prescription drug abuse. Parents can take comfort in the fact that it is possible to help their child in the journey to recovery. According to the NIDA, there are three main types of prescription drugs that are most-abused: Opioids, Stimulants, and Depressants. For more specifics on the above prescription drugs and their concerning effects, please see NIDA’s Prescription Drug Facts. When affected by prescription drugs, one may notice some changes in their child. The changes vary, depending on the type of prescription drug, as listed above. If a parent is suspicious and fearful of their child’s changes in behavior, take a breath, and account for these signs below. Citing the changes you see in your child, and asking how you can help, is crucial to initiate a conversation about addiction. Check the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) for more information about prescription drugs, as well as over-the-counter drugs. It’s difficult to begin this conversation with your child. One doesn’t want to seem accusatory or damage the relationship. When approaching, try to avoid shaming or blaming your child, and instead approach from a stance that shows love and unconditional support. First, actively listen to your child and try to understand why they need the prescription drugs. Some children do it for the euphoria, or because their friends use prescription drugs. Some like to experiment or use prescription drugs to improve concentration. Others abuse prescription drugs as a response to trauma, or an act of rebellion associated with hurt. Understanding the original cause of your child’s use can help in your child’s recovery. Considering their causes can also aid in their mindset-approach to recovery. As you respond to your child’s words, avoid the accusatory tone and continue to try to understand with love and support. Your child should feel safe sharing this information with you, even if it’s hurtful or scary. Take deep breaths, and remember good times with your child as you work to return to them. Next, together with your child, you’ll have to determine the best mode of recovery. There is no one-size-fits-all when it comes to recovery. Each child is unique and their experience in recovery needs to be able to set them up for success in their future. There are resources for parents to help guide and further inform about addiction in the family. Visit the websites of the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA), Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Partnership for Drug-Free Kids, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration (SAMHSA), the National Association of Addiction Treatment Providers (NAATP), and your local hospital’s addiction services. There you can begin the journey to recovery. As you work with your child to find a path to recovery, you and your family will need time to heal with accountability and clear goals that provide a safe environment for your child. At RECO Intensive, we understand that your child’s needs are unique, and we’ll work with your child to help them fight their addiction. At RECO Intensive, we believe in personal development, honesty, and accountability as our foundations for growth. We want to help your loved ones through their journey to recovery by meeting your child where they are and giving them the freedom to thrive without prescription drug-dependency. Whatever path they choose in their journey to recovery is completely their own, as RECO Intensive knows your child deserves a personalized approach, and the freedom to express their individuality. RECO Intensive provides specialized therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and relapse prevention as part of our extensive and successful alumni program. RECO Intensive’s alumni support will help your child as they evolve into their new lives in recovery. Call (561) 464-6533 today to learn more. Discover a better life and call our recovery helpline today.

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Unfortunately, many Americans perceive that seeing blood while brushing is a good sign, assuming it shows they’re doing a great job. The fact is – healthy gums do not bleed while brushing! Bleeding gums indicate a problem that needs to be addressed while treatment can be minimal. Delay only allows the problem to worsen, resulting in more time and expense in the future. Periodontal (gum) disease is the most common cause (and an early warning sign) for gums that bleed while brushing. It is also the leading cause of adult tooth loss in the U.S. Gum disease begins with gingivitis, which occurs from a bacterial build-up of plaque. This irritates the gums, causing them to bleed and become swollen and tender. Other contributors that cause gum tissue to bleed easily include: • Overzealous brushing, brushing with a hard bristle toothbrush or using an abrasive substance, such as baking soda. These do more harm than good to teeth and gum tissues. • Drugs can contribute to gums that bleed easily, including antidepressants, nasal sprays and oral contraceptives. • Smoking has a drying effect on gum tissue. Smokers typically have more calculus than non-smokers from the irritation of chemicals in cigarettes. • Vitamin K deficiency interferes with the body’s process of blood clotting. This can also result in gums that bleed. • Certain changes in hormonal levels can cause temporary redness, tenderness and swollen areas on gums. When bleeding gums are dealt with in early stages, a thorough dental cleaning and committed oral care regimen at home can often halt the progression of gingivitis, which leads to gum disease. Act now by arranging an appointment so we can determine an appropriate treatment to restore your smile to a healthy state. Call toll free 1-866-9-Smiles to learn more.

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Over their lifetime, divers will likely encounter a variety of dive conditions: at sea level and at altitude as well as in fresh water, salt water, calm water and currents, to name a few. Diving in currents can be exhilarating, but it can also be hazardous if you do not have the proper training or are unprepared. Current dives, often called drift dives, can be leisurely or quite challenging. Current is the continuous movement of a fluid in a certain direction. For diving and other water activities, we consider current as water that moves through a more sedate surrounding body of water. Current movement, which can be horizontal or vertical, is sometimes slow and barely noticeable but at other times can be so strong that underpowered watercraft struggle against it. Tide ebb and flow and the current’s velocity and direction can change your position relative to either the horizontal or vertical plane of the current, which can be disorienting for inexperienced divers. Divers can experience amazing drift dives at many popular sites worldwide, including Palau, Indonesia, Maldives, Florida, the Pacific Northwest, Cozumel, and many others. Frequently calm and relaxing, drift dives can also be quite rapid and require significant effort. All currents take special consideration and planning to dive effectively and safely. Divemasters should provide site-specific information about the current as part of their dive briefing so all divers know what to expect. Before doing drift dives, seek proper training, ideally as part of a course with a certified instructor. Drift diving also requires physical and mental preparation. When diving currents, divers should have an elevated fitness level as well as experience and familiarity with different finning techniques. A moderate half-knot current (0.6 mph or 0.9 kph) may not seem very fast, but in the time it takes to let go of the descent line and clear your mask, you will be out of reach of the line. In strong 2-knot currents, it is challenging to keep your position steady just by kicking, and a diver could not maintain that level of effort for long. When making a current dive other than a drift dive, start against the current, and return with it. You will increase your physical effort and breathing-gas consumption as you swim against the current, but you will use far less energy as you return to your entry and exit point and should have an adequate gas supply to finish the dive as planned. Divers should not dive in currents greater than 1 knot without proper training and experience. To roughly measure a current, toss a buoyant object into the water and time how long it takes to get to a point a known distance away. The object will travel 1.68 feet per second in a 1-knot current. Depending on the current for a drift dive, you might have to make a negative entry, which is entering the water with little or no air in your buoyancy compensator (BC), continuing to descend upon entry, and then pairing up with your buddy and riding the current. You only need to fin when you want to approach something or remain stationary. Let the current do the hard work for you. Once you become comfortable with drift diving, you will likely use less gas than on a dive in calm water to the same depth and time because you will kick far less. When planning dives where you will start against the current and return with the current, use the rule of thirds for your breathing gas: one-third of your gas supply for the first part of the dive, one-third for the return and one-third in reserve for an emergency. Plan on bringing additional equipment such as a surface marker buoy (SMB) and a reel, at an absolute minimum. Many divers carry a signaling mirror and a whistle in case they become separated from their buddy or boat. A reef hook may be recommended or required in some areas; ask the dive operator or local dive shop about if and where it may be needed. If you don’t know how to properly use these pieces of equipment, consult an instructor for training. During the dive, keep yourself and your equipment streamlined and with the current’s flow. Stay close to the bottom or other objects, where the current is often not as strong as it is midwater. Sometimes you can find a bit of shelter by ducking behind a reef ledge, a wreck or some other object. Remember the basics: Monitor your air, depth and time. Stay with your group or, at a minimum, a buddy. If you and your buddy get separated from the group, make sure you stay together. Use the ascent line during your safety stop to keep from being swept away. If you miss or become separated from the ascent line or are executing a free ascent, deploy your SMB when appropriate. The SMB will be your guideline, and the dive operator can better see where you are. Don’t panic if you get swept away during the dive or while on a safety stop or on the surface. Don’t fight against the current. Sometimes moving a few feet left, right, up or down can minimize the current’s effect. When you’re on the surface, inflate your BC and prepare to use your signaling mirror or whistle if needed. As you exit the water, follow the procedures the dive operator outlined. Closely following those procedures when doing a live-boat pickup will help you avoid entanglements and propeller strikes. A vertical current moving down or up, called a downwelling or upwelling, can be challenging in ways that differ from horizontal currents. Downwelling occurs when a current (usually wind-driven) meets an object — such as a submerged reef wall, an island, an atoll or other landmass — or another current. The water collides with the object, which forces the water downward. Upwelling typically happens when wind-driven currents push water away from an area, and other water rises from below the surface to fill the vacancy. Upwelling usually occurs along coastlines but occasionally may be in the open ocean. Nutrients from deeper water come toward the surface, so the upwelling water often has much higher biological productivity. Upwelling areas are usually good for fishing. If you are diving in an area known for upwelling or downwelling, be aware of where it usually happens. If the current pushes you into an unexpected ascent or descent, try to stop it as quickly as possible. While touching the reef is never ideal, it is acceptable in this case. Grab some solid substrate as quickly and safely as possible while trying to avoid any harmful marine life such as fire coral. Try to protect your regulator and mask from being ripped away from you. If the current removes your regulator or mask, remain calm, retrieve your backup regulator, and continue to breathe. If you can safely recover your mask, do so, but remember that you can easily replace it. If you are caught in a downwelling, be sure to continually equalize your ears. In an upwelling, continuously exhale, inhaling only when you need to, and then continue exhaling. If you cannot quickly stop your ascent or descent, get vertically streamlined in the water to allow the water to pass by with less drag on your body. Doing so may slow your ascent or descent and make it possible for you to maneuver to grab something solid. Once you are under control, begin to ascend at a safe rate, and monitor your breathing-gas supply, as you will likely be breathing much faster than usual. Monitoring your gas is especially critical if you were caught in a downwelling and taken deep. If you can locate your buddy, make the ascent together, helping each other maintain control and monitoring each other’s gas supply. Make a safety stop if you can. Diving in currents can be quite relaxing and pleasant, even in swift currents, but it has its challenges. To get the most enjoyment, perform proper predive research and dive planning. Make sure you prepare physically and mentally and have the proper gear, training and experience. Divers often say that current dives are some of their most memorable and exhilarating dives. Expand your diving repertoire by safely trying a current dive. © Alert Diver — Q1 2021

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[SOLVED] Projectiles, spin, momentum, and range Greetings. I am simply seeking information regarding the matters of the subject line. Here is the situation: A spherical projectile (6mm pellet) is fired out of a device at say 400 feet per second. It is fired out level to the ground (as if you are aiming a gun at a target - no real trajectory above horizontal). To complicate things, a backspin is placed on the projectile inside of the barrel... the backspin causing a change in pressure above the pellet as it spins, thus to some degree counteracting gravity. So if I were to speculate on the different ranges (distances the pellet would travel before hitting the ground) of a pellet fired at 250 feet per second vs. one fired at 500 fps, what all would come into play? Thanks for any input.

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A stunning discovery based on epigenetics (the inheritance of propensities acquired in the womb) reveals that consuming choline—a nutrient found in eggs and other foods—during pregnancy may significantly affect breast cancer outcomes for a mother's offspring. This finding by a team of biologists at Boston University is the first to link choline consumption during pregnancy to breast cancer. It also is the first to identify possible choline-related genetic changes that affect breast cancer survival rates. "We've known for a long time that some agents taken by pregnant women, such as diethylstibesterol, have adverse consequences for their daughters," said Gerald Weissmann, M.D., Editor-in-Chief of The FASEB Journal. "But there's an upside. The emerging science of epigenetics has yielded a breakthrough. For the first time, we've learned that we might be able to prevent breast cancer as early as a mother's pregnancy." The researchers made the discovery in rats by studying females whose mothers were fed varying amounts of choline during pregnancy. Different groups of pregnant rats received diets containing standard amounts of choline, no choline at all, or extra choline. Then the researchers treated the female offspring with a chemical that causes cancer of the mammary gland (breast cancer). Although animals in all groups developed mammary cancer, the daughters of mothers that had received extra choline during pregnancy had slow growing tumors while daughters of mothers that had no choline during pregnancy had fast growing tumors. "Our study provides additional support for the notion that choline is an important nutrient that has to be considered when dietary guidelines are developed," said Krzysztof Blusztajn, Ph.D., Professor of Pathology at Boston University and the study's senior researcher. "We hope it will be possible to develop nutritional guidelines for pregnant women that ensure the good health of their offspring well into old age." The researchers also found multiple genetic and molecular changes in the rats' tumors that correlated with survival outcomes. For example, the slow growing tumors in rats had a genetic pattern similar to those seen in breast cancers of women who are considered to have a good prognosis. The fast growing tumors in mice had a pattern of genetic changes similar to those seen in women with a more aggressive disease. The researchers also found evidence that these genetic changes may result from the way that choline affects modifications of the DNA within the mammary gland of fetuses as they develop in the womb. The National Cancer Institute estimates that there will be more than 184,000 new cases of breast cancer in 2008 and more than 40,000 deaths. Treatments for women suffering from breat cancer range from hormone therapy to surgery. The above story is based on materials provided by Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. Cite This Page:

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Nowadays social networks have become ubiquitous and are used to communicate almost anything. For example, you can post a complaint about your leaking kettle directly to Argos` Twitter account and make them apologise! Investigating the discourse strategies used in tweeted apologies, Ruth Page analysed 1183 apologies gathered from 100 public accounts that included celebrities, ‘ordinary’ members and 40 different companies. The data included both British and American English. She used corpus linguistic tools to identify posts containing direct apologies, searching for key words such as sorry or apologise. Page wanted to find out whether corporate Twitter users apologise differently as opposed to the ‘general public’. First, she looked at the words used most frequently to express an apology. The absolute winner was sorry (occurring approximately 3600 times per million words): this appeared in posts from all 40 companies. Apology was also very frequent, occurring 563 times per million words. Another option, afraid, was chiefly used by British companies (95% of all uses of afraid, to be precise). If you are a big company and you`ve already said sorry, is this enough? The answer is ‘no’, unless you want to lose customers. There are several steps you can take to regain your client`s good books. Strategy 1. Explain everything Page discovered that companies use various linguistic tricks to minimize the damaging effect of a complaint. For instance, they often downplayed the company’s agency by name the third party or the factors beyond the company`s control (e.g. the weather, legal requirement, etc) to be the causes of problems. Constructions downplaying company`s agency are abundant in Tweeter corporate apologies, for example: - · naming non-human factors beyond the company’s control as the cause of the problem – the responsibility lies with the weather, a bot or an app (for example, weather is causing many delays tonight); - · using nominalisations instead of verbs, so avoiding mention of any subject – for example, Booking office closure as opposed to we closed the Booking office; - · using adverbs – for example, by human error in by human error we deleted you; All these phrases help to distance the company from faulty goods or services. Strategy 2. Offer a compensation Companies often present themselves as a source of a solution rather than the source of the problem, for example by offering credits, refunds or further investigation. This is a specific feature of corporate apologies, since only 10% of ‘ordinary’ Twitter members made offers of repair. Another difference is that companies rarely explicitly restated the reported offence. Two thirds of the companies avoided posts like sorry about the leaking kettle, preferring vague phrasing such as sorry about that. On the one hand, this allows them to avoid drawing further attention to their faulty goods or services and damaging the company’s reputation still further. On the other hand, they still acknowledge the complaint: not doing so could be interpreted as insincerity, which might eventually result in the loss of a customer. Also, in order to show fellow feeling with the customer, corporate apologies often begin with Hi + first name (e.g. Hi Steve) and finish with Thanks. This may actually work the opposite way, though, because the ‘ordinary members’ don`t need to say Hi Steve every time they post something relevant to their friends! Tweeting apologies enables companies to react to customers` complaints quickly, so as to minimize any harm to the company`s reputation, avoid losing customers and enhance rapport with them. As Page points out, though, we now need research to find out how customers react to the apologies that they receive through tweets. Page, Ruth (2014). Saying ‘sorry’: Corporate apologies posted on Twitter. Journal of Pragmatics 62: 30-45. This summary was written by Maryna Myntsykovska

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SILVER SPRING, Md. - The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is projecting that 2020 will be the warmest year on record, beating out a record previously set in 2016. NOAA reported last week that the first quarter of 2020 is off to a near-record warm start, with Earth experiencing the second-warmest January through March period since records began in 1880. There is a 75% chance that 2020 will become the hottest year on record and a 99.9% chance that it will end up being one of the top five warmest years on record, according to NOAA’s March global climate report. A file image taken on Nov. 29, 2004 shows the sun setting on Sydney during a heat wave. (Photo by Fairfax Media via Getty Images) In 2016, there was an unusually intense El Niño event in the tropical Pacific Ocean — a cyclical climate phenomenon which results in warmer water in the Pacific and can influence weather patterns around the globe, according to NOAA. There is no El Niño event declared this year, making the findings somewhat unexpected, according to the Washington Post. “A lot of that has to do with the fact that the year 2016 became the warmest year on record largely because it was very, very warm in the first half of the year, and it was actually not nearly as impressively warm in the second half of the year,” Derek Arndt, the head of climate monitoring at NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, told the Washington Post. “So the way this might play out is, by staying close to 2016 early on, it does look like a better than half probability that we will finish the year warmest on record,” he added. February and March were the warmest two non-El Niño months in NOAA’s temperature database, Arndt said. Amid the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, people around the world have stayed home to stop the spread of COVID-19 — leading to positive environmental impacts. NOAA’s report didn’t note how these recent changes could impact the climate, but scientists say the air has temporarily cleaned up as a result. This story was reported from Cincinnati.

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Flu season is here — facts about the fluGuest columnist FAQs about the Flu – Part 1: What you might want to know about the flu: How serious is the flu? Flu can cause severe illness, hospitalization and even death. Those at high risk of severe flu illness are pregnant women, children under six months old, frail and elderly and anyone with chronic disease such as asthma, diabetes, heart disease or cancer. What are symptoms of the flu? Flu usually comes on suddenly, accompanied by fever and chills, coughing, sore throats, muscle aches, fatigue and headaches. Nausea and diarrhea are more common in children. How does limiting my visits to the hospital help? Flu is a highly contagious virus that can spread from one person to another by contact or the air. The spread of the flu can be controlled by individuals limiting their exposure to the virus. What is the best way to connect with patients when the limitation policy is implemented? We ask that all children under the age of 12 and those who do not feel well please call patients rather than visit them in the hospital. How can I help prevent myself and others from getting the flu or being exposed to the virus? Get a flu shot. Stay home if you are not feeling well. Flu bugs can live for two to eight hours on surfaces after someone coughs them out. Don't go back to work until 24 hours after your fever breaks to prevent infecting other people. Practice frequent hand hygiene. If visiting a patient, please wash your hands or use hand sanitizer before entering a room and after leaving a room. Hand sanitizer dispensers are placed generously throughout the hospital. Flu vaccines are available at most primary care provider offices, drug stores, grocery stores and county health departments. Costs may vary upon dispensing location and insurance. Is it too late to get a vaccine shot? Not at all. Go get a shot. What about children? Do they get the same vaccine? For the first vaccination, children under 2 need two shots, spaced four weeks apart, but even one shot helps. Antibodies to the flu can appear within days after vaccination and they peak in the weeks thereafter, so there is time. Can I get the flu even after I get the shot? Yes. The CDC estimates the flu vaccine is on average about 60 percent effective. However, it’s important to note that people who have been vaccinated typically have weaker bouts with the flu, even if they do get sick. One thing to keep in mind is that if you pick up a cough or a sore throat even though you have been vaccinated, it doesn't mean the vaccination failed. There are plenty of other bugs out there that might be making you sick. Mission Health is now limiting visitations at Mission Hospital and all Mission Health member hospitals and affiliates in the western North Carolina region. This includes CarePartners in Asheville, McDowell Hospital in Marion, Transylvania Regional Hospital in Brevard, Blue Ridge Regional Hospital in Spruce Pine and Angel Medical Center in Franklin. The limitation has been implemented due to the spread of influenza (flu) in our region. Many other healthcare facilities are also limiting visitation. At this time, we are asking patients’ family and friends to please limit their hospital visits. Anyone under the age of 12 and those who do not feel well are asked to call patients rather than visit them in the hospital. Should flu activity continue to increase, further restrictions may be implemented.

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For Johannes Huizinga: "Play is older than culture," (p.1) and "all culture is a form of play." (According to Lewis Mumford, Huizinga's English translator was so shocked by the latter assertion that he changed the statement to read that "play is an element in culture.") "Animals play just like men." (This is one way in which the boundary between human and animal can be broken down) Animals, too, can recognise that a sign is a signal. (Bateson) When they engage in mock battle, they have to be able to communicate to each other that "this is play." If the nip denotes the bite, at the same time it does not denote what the bite denotes. The bite is fictional. (see schizophrenia for inability to engage in such metacomunication) Note also the relationship for Bateson between threat and play. Threat also stands for other actions. (see also ritual in animals) For Huizinga play is a significant function very close to both the religious (esp. the ritual) and to art. In fact, the ludic function serves as the best description of the origins of archaic ritual. Like ritual, one of the most important characteristics of play is its spatial separation from ordinary life. (see sacred / profane) See Otto Rank, "The Play-impulse and Aesthetic Pleasure," in Art and Artist. The ludic function is also very close to the definition of the aesthetic, "zwecklos aber doch sinnvoll." Schiller's Letter on the Aesthetic Education of Man (1795), written largely under the impact of Kant's Critique of Judgement, aimed at a remaking of civilization through the liberating force of the aesthetic function. From Kant's writings, Schiller developed his own theory that art is the result of the "play impulse." a free play of the faculties without ulterior motive; that an appearance is aesthetic only insofar as it 'expressly renounces all claim to reality'; and that this appearance must be enjoyed without desire and without 'asking after its purpose.' Operating through the play impulse, the aesthetic function would "abolish compulsion, and place man, both morally and physically, in freedom." A crucial difference of emphasis between Kant's aesthetics and Schiller's conception of artistic education is that the former is concerned with theoretical reflection, while the latter is concerned with social behaviour. Gottfried Semper echoed the Romantic tradition which sets up play as the basis of the aesthetic drive. For Semper, play is humanity's "cosmogonic instinct" through which he creates his own "tiny world" and mediates his contact with the world outside. Architecture takes its starting point not in the physical imitation of the larger world, but in the aesthetic mimcry of the world's lawful and rhythmic order. The wreath, the scroll, the circular dance, the beat of a drum or an oar -- all are the legislative and playful instincts out of which architecture and the arts collectively arose. (Harry Mallgrave, Intro to Semper's Four Elements of Architecture.) As Herbert Marcuse points out, in Eros and Civilization, "The play impulse does not aim at playing 'with' something; rather it is the play of life itself, beyond want and external compulsion -- the manifestation of an existence without fear and anxiety, and thus the manifestation of freedom itself." (p.187) For Marcuse "Play is unproductive and useless because it cancels the repressive and exploitive traits of labor and leisure; it "just plays" with reality." (p. 195) What is the fun of play? For Huizinga, "The fun of playing resists all analysis, all logical interpretation. As a concept, it cannot be reduced to any other mental category." (Homo Ludens, p. 3) The play-mood is labile moving between frivolity and ecstasy. "The fundamental feature of play is, that it is gratifying in itself, without serving any other purpose than that of instinctual gratification." On the other hand, "to work is the active effort of the ego...to get from the outside world whatever is needed for self-preservation." (Barbara Lantos, "Work and the Instincts", in International Journal of Psychoanalysis, vol XXIV, (1943))Marshall Sahlin's analsis of hunter/gatherer societies, which he calls "the original affluent society," suggests a model of sustenance that does not consist of work. For Sahlins, "We are inclined to think of hunters and gatherers as poor because they don't have anything; perhaps better to think of them for that reason as free " (Stone Age Economics, p. 14) At least some Australians, the Yir-Yiront make no linguistic distinction between work and play. (see Lauriston Sharp, "People without Politics" in V.F. Ray, ed. Systems of Political Control and Bureaucracy in Human Societies.) Emil Benveniste studied the relationship between play and ritual in "Le jeu et le sacré" Deucalion no. 2, 1947. For Benveniste, play "has its source in the sacred, of which it supplies a broken, topsy-turvy image. If the sacred can be defined as the consubstantial unity of myth and ritual, we can say that play exists when only one half of the sacred enactment is fulfilled.." see also relation between play and time. Drawing on Levi-Strauss, Giorgio Agamben describes the function of ritual to adjust the contradiction between mythic past and present, reabsorbing all events into a synchronic structure, while the function of play is a symmetrically opposed operation: to break down the whole structure into events. (cf machine ) In Levi-Strauss' account, games are structures that generate events. They start from a symmetry and engender assymetry (winners and losers) from the contingent nature of events. In ritual, on the other hand, an asymmetry (between sacred / profane, living / dead, initiated / unitiated) is conjoined into a new symmetry through events whose nature and ordering is genuinely structural. Following Freud's account of the changing boundaries of the ego in Civilization and its Discontents, (p13-14) D.W. Winnicott describes the play of a child as the transition from the pleasure principle to the reality principle. (cf also John Shumacher's discussion of posture ) According to Winnicott, the child initially makes no distinction between inner desires and outer reality, experiencing the mother's breast (or the bottle) as part of its inner reality that magically appears when needed. In Winnicott's account, as the mother becomes less adapted to the infant's needs, the child begins to experience the frustration of failure and the beginnings of a transition to the recognition of the autonomy of outer objects. This is assisted by a transitional object, a bit of blanket, toy, or cloth that is under the infant's control and is reliably present when needed. The transitional object opens the realm of play, where real objects are incorporated into the world of make-believe over which the child has some control, a realm which is not challenged by the question: "Did you conceive of this, or was it presented to you from without?" (Winnicott, p. 12) The realm of play is immensely exciting because it is precarious, an interplay of personal psychic reality and the experience of control of actual objects. It is "an intermediate area of experiencing , to which inner reality and external life both contribute." (Winnicott. p.2) .."a resting place for the individual engaged in the perpetual human task of keeping inner and outer reality separate yet interrelated." a shared illusory experience. Freud describes the transferential relationship as something like a "playground": in which the patients compulsion to repeat "is allowed to expand in almost complete freedom." ("Remembering, Repeating, and Working Through" 1914. Standard Edition, XII pp 147-56) Extending this analogy of the playground, he says that the transference sets up "an intermediate realm between illness and real life through which the transition from the one to the other is made." (cf "acting out" vs remembering in memory.) This intermediate realm consists to a very large extent of narrative activity. In his book on sublimation, Hans Loewald cites Winnicott's descriptions of the transitional object, but suggests that this description already assumes a level of differentiation which has not yet taken place. According to Loewald, neither inner nor outer reality have formed sufficiently for this analysis. The infant does not have the illusion of having created the breast. Instead, "Mother and infant can be said to invent each other in the mouth-breast encounter: they come upon something and, out of need or desire, invent-jointly-its utilization. (p.76) This analysis seems close to the more polemical position of Deleuze and Guattari in The Anti-Oedipus, who seek to dismantle the poles of subject and object. They describe the child-breast machine, seeing the coupling as a-personal rather than in subjective terms. For D+G, this is its schizo, or adualistic element (neither subjective nor objective.) The lack of ego boundaries makes it impossible to set limits to the process of identification with the environment. (see desiring machine) While Winnicott claims that the breast should be rather than do, (like Cleanth Brooks description of a poem) identifying the male element as doing and the female element (in males and females) as being, Deleuze and Guattari (perhaps emphasizing the male element?) concentrate purely on doing. "It is not the object, of course that is transitional. The object represents the infant's transition from a state of being merged with the mother to a state of being in relation to the mother as something outside and separate." (Winnicott. p.14) The transitional object "is a symbol of the union of the baby and the mother...at the point of the intitiation of their state of separateness." "The fate of the transitional object is to become decathected."..(this is part of the link to sublimation ) "It loses meaning, and this is because the transitional phenomena have become diffused, have become spread out over the whole intermediate territory between 'inner psychic reality' and 'the external world as perceived by two persons in common', that is to say, over the whole cultural field." (p.5) In "The Location of Cultural Experience," Winnicott describes culture as an extension of the area of play. "No human being is free from the strain of relating inner and outer reality." "This intermediate area of experience, unchallenged in respect of its belonging to inner or external (shared) reality, constitutes the greater part of the infant's experience and throughout life is retained in the intense experiencing that belongs to the arts and to religion and to imaginative living, and to creative scientific work." For Winnicott, transitional phenomena "have no climax." They are what Bateson calls "plateaus." --see schismogenesis) see Jessica Benjamin, "A Desire of One's Own" in Teresa de Lauretis, ed. Feminist Studies/Critical Studies (Indiana, 1986) for the use of Winnicott's object relations theory in an account the creation of subjective space through transitional space, allowing for receptivity and mutuality. For Georges Bataille, "Transgression is a game. In the world of play, philosphy disintegrates." (Georges Bataille, Erotism, p. 275) Paul Valéry makes the opposite claim. For him, "No scepticism is possible where the rules of a game are concerned...Indeed, as soon as the rules are transgressed, the whole play-world collapses." (quoted in Huizinga, Homo Ludens, p.11) According to Huizinga, "The player who trespasses against the rules is the 'spoil sport'...(who) shatters the play-world itself...He robs it of its illusion -- a pregnant word which means literally 'in-play' (inludere )"Brian Goodwin gives a formal definition to play when he claims that "Play, like life, occurs at the edge of chaos." see play and technology

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Scott: So what, what sort of things can parents do when they hear information about vaccines being toxic? There's so much pressure from schools to give the vaccination information. Other people that, like I said, it's a hot button issue, so people that are pro-vaccine look down upon the other people. What can people do if they don't want to inject themselves or their kids? Dr. Stephanie Seneff: I know. I wish I had a better answer, because it's my impression that it's extremely hard to get out of it. First of all, it's hard to believe that they're bad because you're getting all this misinformation about how awesome vaccines are. I certainly know of people who, like one person just emailed me. Their first child had had all of it's vaccines and had all kinds of health issues. And because of that, they didn't vaccinate their second child at all. And now their second child is very, very hearty and healthy and resistant to disease, compared to their first child. The vaccines are actually setting you back, in terms of your general immunity. You know the flu vaccine. The other thing with the flu vaccine is that, even if it's protecting you from the influenza virus, there's other viruses out there that are respiratory viruses that cause essentially the flu. It's the same symptoms. It's not even any flu strain. It's guaranteed not to protect you against those. Ant there was a study in Hong Kong that showed... this was a very well controlled study... where they had a population and it was a sort of placebo-controlled kind of situation where half the people go the flu... the flu vaccine and half the people didn't and they studied them over course of the next year. And they found out that the ones who got the vaccine had a four fold increased risk to getting this other virus that causes flu-like virus, compared to the ones that had the... didn't have the shot. So it's really changing what you get rather than whether you get sick. And at the same time it's decreasing your general immune capabilities, it's really hurting your immune system. So there's not really any kind of a win in that. And there's a lot of loss. There's another problem with the flu vaccine... and I only know of two vaccines that have high levels of glutamate in them, the flu vaccine and the MMR vaccine. And MMR, of course, has been implicated in autism through Andrew Wakefield's work. And I looked at it too and it's clear from the VAERS database, you see a connection between MMR and autism in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System. Both of those vaccines contain high glutamate because it's used actually in the growth medium because it's a live virus. Both of them have a live virus that's grown on this medium that has high levels of free glutamate. Glutamate, of course, is like MSG, and a lot of people have an allergic reaction to MSG. The symptoms that are... I did a comparison between the MMR vaccine before 2002 and after 2002. Just taking the database from 1990 to 2012 or 14, cutting it in half, the early data and the late data, and looking at statistical differences in the reactions that were showing up. And I found that there were a bunch of reactions that are typical of MSG sensitivity. And these include things like coma and seizures, you know, not good things, that were showing up more frequently after 2002 compared to before 2002. And I think that's because the glutamate has become more toxic in the context of the glyphosate that I mentioned earlier. Glyphosate disrupts the bodies ability to detox glutamate. Glyphosate also likely increases the ability of glutamate to penetrate into, past the brain barrier. And glutamate is known to be a neurotoxin, so you get into problems with glutamate in the flu vaccine or in the MMR vaccine causing brain damage. You can help support us at http://www.patreon.com/ihealthtube Thank you! Get the latest with our free email newsletter http://www.ihealthtube.com/content/newsletter Are some vaccines that are supposed to keep you healthy really damaging your immune system? Dr. Stephanie Seneff discusses two popular vaccines and what they have in common in terms of an n ingredient that is known to be a neurotoxin. Find out what these vaccines might really be doing. Learn about two vaccines that might be the worst for you! In order to keep our content free, some of the links may be affiliate links to trusted websites. Shopping through them will bring a small commission to iHealthTube.com. Read our full affiliate disclaimer for more info.

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Patents; Genetic Material By Nobel Laureate By Edmund L. Andrews Published: February 16, 1991 WASHINGTON— Dr. Thomas R. Cech, a co-recipient of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1989 for his work with genetics, has won patent approval for what he calls "ribozymes," an unusual form of genetic material that could someday be used to deactivate deadly viruses. Ribozymes are snippets of R.N.A., the molecules that translate the genetic code of D.N.A. into particular proteins, that behave like enzymes and can be used to cut other strands of R.N.A. The allure of ribozymes, Dr. Cech said, is that they can be customized to remove a crucial sequence from the genetic code of a virus. "It can be targeted, like a Patriot missile with an onboard guidance system," he remarked. Like an enzyme, he added, the ribozyme is a catalyst that remains unchanged as it works and simply moves from one virus to the next until it neutralizes the entire infection. But Dr. Cech, who is molecular biologist at the University of Colorado, cautioned that getting ribozymes to work therapeutically, amid all the complexity of a human body, remained unclear. The technology has been licensed to the United States Biochemical Corporation, a supplier of biochemical products for laboratories. Dr. Cech received patent 4,987,071.

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Today's Learning Objective Analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the early civilizations of China. Video Warm-Up Welcome to Ancient China! Watch the China introductory video below and make observations about the geography and culture of China. Share your observations here. Ancient China Webquest Get oriented with some of the things you'll be learning about during our unit on ancient China by starting to explore the Ancient China Webquest, which you can find in your Social Studies Google Classroom. Follow the links, research the questions, and record your answers using the document. We will work on this throughout the next week.

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There are three main components to a negotiation: - The negotiating process; - Negotiating behaviors; and - Playing the game. Recognizing and using these components will give you better outcomes. In this video, Joe Friedman briefly summarizes these three components of negotiation and how they can help improve your negotiation skills. Negotiation Is a Process One big takeaway from ZEHREN♦FRIEDMAN Negotiaton Skills Training is that negotiating is a process. Even if you just recognize that fact and use that process in every negotiation you face, you will get better outcomes. What changes from negotiation to negotiation is how much time you spend on any one part of the negotiation process. One common mistake people make is to think a negotiation begins by putting something on the table and bargaining about it. But that's already halfway through the negotiation process. The biggest stage in the negotiation process where mistakes are made is… planning. Some people don’t have any negotiating process that they use—They act a certain way and they expect you to react a certain way. And even within the process, negotiating behaviors add a layer of complexity to the negotiation. So, negotiating behaviors is the second major component of a negotiation. Playing the Game Sometimes it’s not possible to grow the pie any bigger, it’s not possible to serve both parties, nor maximize the outcome. In those situations, you must know how to play the game. It’s important to know how to play the game even within the context of the negotiating process. Playing the game includes tactical negotiation. Given that tactics exist to pry concessions away, it’s also important to know how to give things up. Knowing how to play the game can be a useful part of the negotiation process and becomes even more essential where mutually ideal outcomes are not available.

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The worksheet is an assortment of 4 intriguing pursuits that will enhance your kid's knowledge and abilities. The worksheets are offered in developmentally appropriate versions for kids of different ages. Adding and subtracting integers worksheets in many ranges including a number of choices for parentheses use. You can begin with the uppercase cursives and after that move forward with the lowercase cursives. Handwriting for kids will also be rather simple to develop in such a fashion. If you're an adult and wish to increase your handwriting, it can be accomplished. As a result, in the event that you really wish to enhance handwriting of your kid, hurry to explore the advantages of an intelligent learning tool now! Consider how you wish to compose your private faith statement. Sometimes letters have to be adjusted to fit in a particular space. When a letter does not have any verticals like a capital A or V, the very first diagonal stroke is regarded as the stem. 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In earlier times you've stated that the move of independence may be too early. Each lesson in handwriting should start on a fresh new page, so the little one becomes enough room to practice. Every handwriting lesson should begin with the alphabets. Handwriting learning is just one of the most important learning needs of a kid. Learning how to read isn't just challenging, but fun too. The use of grids The use of grids is vital in earning your child learn to Improve handwriting. Also, bear in mind that maybe your very first try at brainstorming may not bring anything relevant, but don't stop trying. Once you are able to work, you might be surprised how much you get done. Take into consideration how you feel about yourself. Getting able to modify the tracking helps fit more letters in a little space or spread out letters if they're too tight. Perhaps you must enlist the aid of another man to encourage or help you keep focused. Kindergarten Grammar Worksheets. Try to remember, you always have to care for your child with amazing care, compassion and affection to be able to help him learn. You may also ask your kid's teacher for extra worksheets. Your son or daughter is not going to just learn a different sort of font but in addition learn how to write elegantly because cursive writing is quite beautiful to check out. As a result, if a kid is already suffering from ADHD his handwriting will definitely be affected. Accordingly, to be able to accomplish this, if children are taught to form different shapes in a suitable fashion, it is going to enable them to compose the letters in a really smooth and easy method. Although it can be cute every time a youngster says he runned on the playground, students want to understand how to use past tense so as to speak and write correctly. Let say, you would like to boost your son's or daughter's handwriting, it is but obvious that you want to give your son or daughter plenty of practice, as they say, practice makes perfect. Without phonics skills, it's almost impossible, especially for kids, to learn how to read new words. Techniques to Handle Attention Issues It is extremely essential that should you discover your kid is inattentive to his learning especially when it has to do with reading and writing issues you must begin working on various ways and to improve it. Use a student's name in every sentence so there's a single sentence for each kid. Because he or she learns at his own rate, there is some variability in the age when a child is ready to learn to read. Teaching your kid to form the alphabets is quite a complicated practice. Tags: #first grade verb worksheets#christmas grammar worksheets#grammar worksheets grade 2#kindergarten esl worksheets#grammar worksheets grade 1#english practice worksheets#3rd grade grammar worksheets#action verb worksheet first grade#be verb worksheets for first grade#english worksheet for class 1

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- Why does Viola fall in love with Orsino? - How does Juliet kill herself? - Why does Viola pretend to be a man? - What is Shakespeare’s best tragedy? - What is the relationship between tragedy and comedy? - Is Romeo and Juliet a comedy or tragedy? - Is Twelfth Night a satire? - Who falls in love with Viola? - Why is Twelfth Night A comedy? - What does 12th night mean? - Is Twelfth Night a romantic comedy? - What’s the difference between a Shakespearean comedy and tragedy? - Are Sebastian and Viola twins? - What are the similarities between tragedy and comedy? - Why do the other characters hate Malvolio? - Does Malvolio love Olivia? - Did Romeo and Juliet sleep together? - How old was Romeo? Why does Viola fall in love with Orsino? Another answer to this question is that Viola falls for Orsino because he’s passionate and poetic. Even though Olivia doesn’t wind up with “Cesario,” she does transfer her desire from “Cesario” to Sebastian. Without Viola, then, Olivia and Orsino would remain locked into their self-absorbed states.. How does Juliet kill herself? Juliet finally awakens to see Romeo there with her – however, she quickly realises he has drunk poison. She kisses his lips to try and taste the poison herself, but it doesn’t work. So, instead, she kills herself with Romeo’s dagger. Why does Viola pretend to be a man? In Twelfth Night, Viola dresses as the male Cesario in order to gain entry into Orsino’s court. In Elizabethan England, women were not allowed to act professionally, and female parts were all performed by men, so Viola would have actually been played by a male actor, dressing as a woman dressing as a man. What is Shakespeare’s best tragedy? Hamlet; Macbeth; King Lear; Othello The greatest tragic plays of William Shakespeare—including Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth. What is the relationship between tragedy and comedy? Each, after all, is a mode of discourse or genre intended to elicit very specific emotions. Comedy, when successful, elicits amusement. Tragedy aspires to arouse pity and fear. We will argue that the two fulfill these distinct functions in surprisingly similar ways. Is Romeo and Juliet a comedy or tragedy? Romeo and Juliet is officially classified as a tragedy, but in some respects the play deviates from the tragic genre. Not only does Romeo and Juliet deviate in many ways from the tragic genre, the first two acts of the play are structured much more like a comedy. … Is Twelfth Night a satire? Twelfth Night is predominantly a satire of the ideas of love professed by and made popular by the Medieval poet Francesco Petrarch (“Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night”). Petrarch wrote over 300 sonnets containing the subject of a woman named Laura. Who falls in love with Viola? Duke OrsinoTwelfth Night Summary. Viola, separated from her twin Sebastian, dresses as a boy and works for the Duke Orsino, whom she falls in love with. Why is Twelfth Night A comedy? Twelfth Night can be considered a model Shakespearean comedy in that it employs nearly every feature of the genre: a wedding, mistaken identities, misunderstandings, physical comedy, and a happy ending. … Shakespearean comedies often take place in societies where the social order is out of whack. What does 12th night mean? The title of Twelfth Night refers to the twelfth night of Christmas, also referred to as the eve of Epiphany, a day that commemorates the visit of the Magi to the baby Jesus and is often celebrated with a temporary suspension of rules and social orders. Is Twelfth Night a romantic comedy? Twelfth Night is a romantic comedy, and romantic love is the play’s main focus. Despite the fact that the play offers a happy ending, in which the various lovers find one another and achieve wedded bliss, Shakespeare shows that love can cause pain. What’s the difference between a Shakespearean comedy and tragedy? The main difference between Shakespearean Comedy and Tragedy is that Shakespearean comedies end in marriages or reunion, but Shakespearean tragedies usually end in the death of the tragic hero. Shakespeare’s plays have been basically categorized into three main categories as comedies, histories, and tragedies. Are Sebastian and Viola twins? Sebastian is the twin brother of Viola. After the beginning of the play, Viola mentions that her brother Sebastian is drowned in the sea. What are the similarities between tragedy and comedy? The Similarities Between Tragedy & ComedyCharacter Development. Both tragedies and comedies hinge upon their characters and their characters’ personal development over the course of the play. … Morally Flawed Characters. … Examination of Social Issues. Why do the other characters hate Malvolio? Why do the other characters in Olivia’s household hate Malvolio? -because of his condescending attitude and his self-righteousness. -because he plays pranks on the other characters. -because of his nasty comments about the way they dress. -because he belongs to a higher social class than the other characters. Does Malvolio love Olivia? The letter convinces Malvolio that Olivia loves him, and leads Malvolio to think that Olivia wishes him to smile, wear yellow stockings and cross garters. Did Romeo and Juliet sleep together? Romeo and Juliet did sleep together after their secret marriage. This is made clear in act 3, scene 5, when they wake up in bed together at dawn. Juliet urges Romeo to leave before her relatives find him and kill him. How old was Romeo? sixteenIn Romeo and Juliet, Juliet is 13, but how old is Romeo? Shakespeare never gives Romeo a specific age. Although his age could be anywhere between thirteen and twenty-one, he is typically portrayed as being around the age of sixteen.

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Anyone who wants to make something has several different options. They have the option of laser cutting, hand-made, punching or processing. In fact, it is CNC machining that offers the best choice for anyone looking for very precise and high-quality components. In this article, we will discuss the reasons for using CNC machines. There are two most accurate CNC production methods. The most popular manufacturing method now is to use a CNC punch or a CNC laser cutting machine. Both methods will cut out the components from flat sheet metal. This allows you to create precise components, but you cannot control the thickness of the paper. The thickness of the entire paper may vary. Even if you cut from the same piece of paper, it\'s hard to cut exactly the same parts. The CNC machining center can be used to process parts from solid metal blocks. This enables all sizes of the product to be manufactured to the exact specifications. The only problem with combining laser cutting with machining CNC machining is that it can be quite expensive. This is because when a part has to be cut out of a piece or a metal rod, a lot of excess material is wasted. A cheaper option is the laser cutting assembly. The component can be cut several millimeters larger than required, and then the machine tool can run outside the profile to ensure that it is within the required measurement range. Cutting a piece with a 12mm steel plate and then reducing it to 10mm with a machining center is simple and will produce accurate parts that are cheaper than cutting it using machining. Most manufacturers will use both laser cutting and machining to reduce costs and improve efficiency. High quality cnc machining is extremely important for creating high quality finishes. In the process of cutting the product, there will be no deformation caused by overheating. This production method will also leave very clean edges without burrs or damage to the product. Anyone interested in purchasing high-quality and precise components should consider machining as their manufacturing option. This is the perfect choice for producing gears and gears that are connected to each other or provide high-precision components for the medical industry. Find the CNC machining company and find a well-known machining company with good reputation, which will be able to produce high quality components as soon as possible. CNC machine tools can improve your work efficiency significantly. Every manufacturing company uses CNC tools to improve its competitive power. Why don\'t you?

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Many of us think that mental illness isn’t something that could happen in our families. But we’re wrong. Half of all American adults (46.4 percent) will endure mental illness at some point during adulthood, and five percent of people over 18 struggle with it in any given year. The question isn’t whether poor mental health is possible. It should be how to get help for a family member with mental illness. Are you trying to support a family member going through a difficult time or who has a severe mental illness? Here’s what you need to know. Remember: Adults Have the Right to Decide Whether They Want Treatment Watching someone struggle with mental illness is hard, but their illness doesn’t rob them of their right to dignity and autonomy. Every adult has the right to decide whether they want treatment – and what kind of treatment makes the most sense for them. What is important is not whether you are right or wrong, but whether they are satisfied and happy. In some cases, your family member may not be able to live a fulfilling life without talk therapy or medication. Instead of recommending treatment options, you can help by listening to them and building a trusted relationship. You can also help make treatment more accessible by assisting them to manage appointments and giving them a lift. If necessary, you might consider helping them financially by paying co-pays or even buying them groceries. The NAMI recommends the book I Am Not Sick, I Don’t Need Help if you are struggling to communicate with a friend or family member struggling with the signs of a mental breakdown. Reach Out to a Crisis Center if Necessary So much of learning how to get help for a family member with mental illness is supporting them in their own decisions. However, if things deteriorate to a point where they reach a crisis, it is appropriate to take further action. If you worry about the risk of someone you love harming themselves or someone else, get in touch with crisis resources. If the crisis is happening before your eyes, call 911 or go to an emergency room. Just Keep Talking Your loved one’s mental health may cause them to retreat or push the people they care about away. Resist the urge to give in to their requests and keep talking to them. Continue to express both your concern for their wellbeing and support for them as an individual. Reassure them that you care about them and only want them to enjoy life. And remember to offer to help in any way they need (even if it doesn’t involve treatment). Be the lifeline they need without being overbearing or making their health about you. Do You Know How to Get Help for a Family Member with Mental Illness? Family members struggling with mental illness don’t need your pity or your suggestions. They need support in a way that makes sense for them. Do you know how to get help for a family member with mental illness? Start by learning how to talk about mental health in a way that is supportive and respectful and go from there. Don’t forget to reach out to professionals to learn how to support your loved one on their journey. Did you find this article helpful? Visit the rest of our health archive for more information on dealing with mental health.

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modular robot's got the stuff to give Keepon a run for its money -- oh yeah, and according to its creators, iMobot's got big implications for the field of robotics too. Sporting four degrees of freedom, two rotating joints, and a pair of faceplates that act as wheels, the patent-pending device can crawl, drive, and potentially act as an autonomous camera platform. The surprisingly agile hunk of machinery was developed by two UC Davis professors who say their versatile invention could aid in search and rescue, as well as education and research. We think it's super cool that iMobot could be a hero, but really, we just want to see it bust a move. Check out a video of our new robo love after the break.

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TEACHING YOUR KIDS TO APOLOGIZE You’ve seen it in a hundred comic strips and sitcoms: Dad marches his child to the neighbor with the broken window and announces, “Johnny wants to apologize,” when Johnny obviously doesn’t. Then Dad glares at Johnny with that “You’d better apologize” look until Johnny mumbles, “Sorry,” and the subject is closed. Only it isn’t, as far as Johnny is concerned. He’s too busy feeling sorry for himself because everyone picks on him. If there’s one thing human nature hates, it’s admitting it was wrong—even when it knows it is, and your child may not even be convinced of that. If children do, in fact, owe an apology, what are your alternatives to forcing them to offer (insincere) apologies and leaving them feeling bullied? Don’t Let Your Own Pride Be a Factor Too often, parents aren’t thinking that much about the third party’s feelings, or the material damage, or the child going astray. What’s uppermost in Mom’s or Dad’s mind is, “I’m the parent, so this reflects on me.” This frequently leads to demanding amends all out of proportion to the nature of the offense, which is embarrassing to the third party and damaging to the parent-child relationship. Judge the Offense, Not the Offender There’s a world of difference between “That was a terrible thing to do” and “You were a terrible person to do that.” When you imply, “You’re a basically good person who made a mistake,” people are eager to redeem themselves. When you call someone a bad person, they don’t hear you thinking “in this case only”; they conclude it’s no use trying to make things right because they’ve already been labeled “beyond redemption.” Ask Your Kids What They Think Should Be Done Often, someone who owes reparations is quite willing to admit it and make up for it—if he or she feels personally understood and respected. Instead of making authoritative statements—“You did wrong and you’ll have to make it right”—ask questions: “How do you think that made Grandma feel? What do you think you should do about it?” Once It’s Over, Let It Go Don’t ever be the parent who keeps saying, “How can we trust you after what you did that time?” Giving someone a bad reputation to live up to will backfire on you both. Forgive and forget. If your child makes the same mistake, or commits the same misdeed, over and over, discuss what might be causing the problem, get professional counseling if necessary—but no matter how frustrated you feel, don’t say “You’ll never change,” which only creates a self-fulfilling prophecy. Again, if you treat the child as a basically good person who makes mistakes like everyone else, he or she will be much more willing to apologize and to change.

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Why Was the Wheel so Important to Mesopotamia? The wheel allowed Mesopotamians to create a number of novel transportation methods. It was also used in a variety of mechanical devices. Creating wheels may have also spawned new methods of making items that need precision. While the wheel allowed to Mesopotamians to create novel means of transportation, sledges were likely in use at the same time. While wheels are advantageous in certain scenarios, the simplicity and low cost of sledges meant that they remained in use long after wheeled methods were available; however, the development of chariots was a pivotal moment in the history of civilization. Wheels were also used in a number of mechanical devices. One of the most popular devices that used one was the potter’s wheel. These devices made it far easier to make pottery quickly, and they may have spawned related mechanical devices used for a variety of purposes. Creating useful wheels requires a considerably amount of precision, which forced Mesopotamians to develop a method of creating precise devices. As a result, Mesopotamians spent a considerable amount of time devising methods of making wheels as round and smooth as possible. These early experiments led to insights in other fields, and some experts believe that they led to breakthroughs in other devices they used.

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Definitions for jus sanguinisˈsæŋ gwə nɪs This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word jus sanguinis Random House Webster's College Dictionary jus′ san′gui•nisˈsæŋ gwə nɪs(n.) the principle that the country of nationality of a child is determined by the country of nationality of the parents. Origin of jus sanguinis: 1900–05; < L: right of blood the principle that a person's nationality at birth is the same as that of his natural parents Jus sanguinis is a principle of nationality law by which citizenship is not determined by place of birth but by having instead one or both parents who are citizens of the state or more generally by having state citizenship or membership to a nation determined or conferred by -ethnic, cultural or other- descent or origin, e.g. by belonging to a Diaspora, i.e. without necessarily having progenitors that are or were citizens of that state per se. It contrasts with jus soli. At the end of the 19th century, the French-German debate on nationality saw the French, such as Ernest Renan, oppose the German conception, exemplified by Johann Fichte, who believed in an "objective nationality", based on blood, race or language. Renan's republican conception, but perhaps also the presence of a German speaking population in Alsace-Lorraine, explains France's early adoption of jus soli. Many nations have a mixture of jus sanguinis and jus soli, including the United States, Canada, Israel, Germany, Greece, and Ireland. Apart from France, jus sanguinis is still the most common means of passing on citizenship in many continental European countries. Some countries provide almost the same rights as a citizen to people born in the country, without actually giving them citizenship. An example is Indfødsret in Denmark, which provides that upon reaching 18, non-citizen residents can decide to take a test to gain citizenship. Find a translation for the jus sanguinis definition in other languages: Select another language: Discuss these jus sanguinis definitions with the community: Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography: "jus sanguinis." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2014. Web. 10 Mar. 2014. <http://www.definitions.net/definition/jus sanguinis>.

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The Australian Radiation Protection Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA) is the government agency which sets the standard limits for human exposure to radiation. ARPANSA’s recent fact sheet 14 "How to reduce exposure from mobile phones and other wireless devices" (Updated June 2013) states “the technology is very new and it’s impossible to be completely sure there isn’t some risk. This is particularly true for children where there is little research evidence.” It’s time for Australian parents, caregivers, teachers, students and the wider community to pay attention to the warnings about the health risks from exposure to electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from wireless technologies. Education authorities need to urgently evaluate the long-term risks and take effective precautionary steps to help reduce exposure to children and staff. Please get informed. Please Take Action... Our children and future generations need adults to act NOW to protect their health, well being and their environment. Video about DETE Queensland recent publications on the safe use of technology In 2011 the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), classified all radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as “possibly carcinogenic to humans” - wireless technologies are now considered as a possible cancer causing agent. More info in The Lancet indicating how this applies to all radio frequency electromagnetic fields. View this 18 minute video for the main facts about WiFi in schools . WiFi technology has not been proven to be safe for long term use, yet wireless infrastructure has been mandated in schools across Australia - exposing our children unnecessarily to electromagnetic radiation for 6 hours a day, 5 days a week. As parents, caregivers, students, teachers and the wider community we need to manage these risks to children effectively by taking preventative, precautionary measures. Given the push towards IT based teaching and learning, it may be uncomfortable for some to question the use of wireless technologies in the classroom. However, taking the precautionary approach and using safer wired options does not have to hinder IT based teaching and learning. We cannot afford to bury our heads in the sand and hope that this issue does not unfold into a devastating situation in 10-20 years. We have to look at the implications of using wireless technology in an unsafe manner and collectively decide if we want to take these risks. We are responsible to our children and for what they will inherit from the actions (or inaction) of today's society. WiFi in Schools Australia WiFi in Schools Australia is made up of parents who have researched the scientific literature on the biological effects of EMR and also the background to the ongoing debate. Parents volunteer their time and donate their skills to help raise awareness on the implications of schools using wireless technology. More info here. WiFi in Schools Australia hopes to provide a starting point for Australian parents, caregivers, students, teachers and the wider community to become informed about the potential health effects from long term use of wireless technologies. We urge immediate precautionary measures until long term exposure has been proven to be harmless. WiFi in Schools Australia fully supports the use of technology, computers and the internet for education in schools. We also believe that schools have a duty of care and need to provide a safe learning environment for all children. We believe that schools should not expose our children unnecessarily to the long-term health risks from the use of wireless technologies. In order to minimise exposure to wireless radiation, we favour wired communications as a safer option until there is conclusive evidence that there are no harmful effects from long-term use. We call for Australian Schools: Stop Exposing Children to Radiation from WiFi and 3G until long-term exposure is proven harmless. - There are NO scientific studies on Wi-Fi which look into long-term biological effects on children or adults - Parents, students and teachers have not been informed about the potential health risks from EMR - Parents, students and teachers have not been consulted about wireless installation in schools - There have been no risk assessments conducted by schools, the government or standard setting agencies on the long-term biological effects of WiFi use in schools - There is no management plan to reduce EMR exposure in schools - There is no training for teachers and staff or awareness about how to be able to recognise any adverse symptoms in children from exposure to electromagnetic radiation - Despite the known risks wireless technologies are installed without any radiation emissions checks in each specific site where they are installed in the school - Ambient EMR is the only environmental pollutant that is not subject to any regulation - Students, parents and staff have not been given a freedom of choice should they not want to be exposed to wireless radiation in schools - All children have the right to a safe learning environment “In the age of information, ignorance is a choice.”

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8 Steps to Making Better Business Decisions Decision-making errors exist within all levels of organizations. Some common examples include: - Focusing on the symptoms instead of the problem - Having no clear picture of the desired outcome - Becoming fixated on only one option - Making decisions that do not align with the overall goals of the organization - Missing opportunities to set decision criteria - Failing to evaluate enacted decisions It is important to recognize and accept (without blame or shame) that mistakes occur. Then it is time get over it, move on and apply a process that will enable successful decision making. Here are eight common steps that can be taken to aid in making better business decisions. - Define the Problem: Get clarity on the actual business problem by examining the symptoms and gathering input from all stakeholders. State the problem clearly in business terms. Avoid technical jargon. - Know the Strategic Agenda: Find out what is on the strategic agenda of the organization. Ensure that the business problem outlined aligns with the direction of the organization. - Identify the Desired Outcome: Know exactly what you want to see happen. Know your goals and objectives before you consider the route to get there. Consider aligning with the strategic, tactical and operational levels of the organization. - Establish the Solution Domain: Consider ideas that might work within the Solution Domain, that is, within the goals, objectives, rules and constraints of the organization. The Solution Domain establishes the context and approach for which alternative solutions can be considered. - Identify Alternative Solutions: Brainstorm ideas. Have an open session where all ideas are tossed into the ring with no judgment. Refrain from implementation thinking. Focus on solution alternatives. Choose a minimum of three possible solutions per business problem. - Establish the Evaluation Criteria: Become clear on what is important by creating a list of criteria. Define each of these criteria. Establish the decision-making approach and ensure that the approach fits within the context of the organization. - Go for It: Choose one solution. Enact it. Allow time for it to work. - Evaluate. Investigate to decide if the solution has been successful. If a satisfactory result has not been achieved, revisit and rethink the solution. Make adjustments as necessary. For some things this is an ongoing process. Decision making is a challenge, especially in organizations and where people are involved. A clearly-defined, consistently-applied approach—one that spans all organizational lines—is the key to making better business decisions. Don’t forget to leave your comments below.

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Power Grid Must Adapt To Handle Renewable Energy The National Academy of Engineering in Washington, D.C., once asked its members to pick the greatest engineering achievement ever. Their choice? The electrification of the country through what's known as "the grid." Ernest Moniz, director of the Energy Institute at MIT, says they were right on the money. "That reflects what an amazing machine this is, spread out geographically, always having to balance demand and supply because electricity is not stored," he says. Every day, with the flick of a switch, millions of Americans tap into the electricity grid. It's a web of power stations, transformers and transmission lines that span the continent, distributing electricity like veins and arteries distribute blood. Electricity has to keep flowing all the time. Grid operators constantly match what power plants are producing with what people and their TVs, microwaves and air conditioners need. It's the world's biggest balancing act. Predicting The Unpredictable That's doable largely because big power plants run almost constantly and produce a predictable amount of electricity. So what happens when you add in unpredictable sources of electricity, like wind or solar power? "The operator does not have control of when to turn it on and off," Moniz says. "It's a new challenge that we just have to meet, and we're not doing it at anything like the pace that I think we need." That's the conclusion of a study that Moniz's group at MIT is issuing Monday. It's all about how the grid must change to handle the fickle flow of electrons from renewable energy. Backing Up The Competition California's grid, the California Independent System Operator, is trying to sort out how to handle this on-again, off-again source of electricity. We have to have a backup. There are times when Mother Nature decides to bring in clouds or turn off the wind, but I think in that case everybody still wants to have power. "We have to have a backup," says Steve Berberich, the grid's CEO. "There are times when Mother Nature decides to bring in clouds and turn off the wind, but I think everybody in that case still wants to have power." In California, most of that backup power comes from plants that burn natural gas; they can switch on and off in a matter of minutes. But, Berberich says, natural gas plants face some obstacles. Gas plants have to compete against the renewable energy sources they're supposed to back up. "They're not getting as much revenue as they once did because they're not selling as much power because it's being displaced by wind and solar energy, which is exactly what we want," he says. "But we have to find a way to maintain those things." Gas plants have to make money to survive. Keeping them idle until a rainy or cloudy day to back up renewables won't pay their bills. Coal and nuclear plants — "thermal" plants, as Moniz calls them — are not a good option for backup. It's costly to start and stop them on short notice. "Another set of costs is the additional operating costs and maintenance costs, wear and tear on some of these thermal plants that we may be asking to go up and down a lot more than they were planned for," Moniz says. A Fair-Weather System As the cost of solar and wind energy drops, though, the grid is going to use more of it: Many states demand it, so the grid must adapt. Michael Goggin at the American Wind Energy Association, the biggest industry group for wind energy, is trying to figure out how to do that. "We're adding new energy sources and obviously the old rules don't necessarily always work," he says. Goggin says, however, solving this problem isn't as hard as MIT makes it out to be. "I think there's a lot of misconceptions about backup power," he says. "The reality is that all power plants are backed up by all other power plants." And he says grid operators could accommodate the vagaries of wind and solar if they moved power around the grid minute by minute, instead of hour by hour as they do now. One thing the experts agree on: Since wind and solar energy are all about the weather, grid operators will need to hire a lot more weather forecasters. Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.

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Psoriasis is a chronic immune system disease that can range from mild to severe. While psoriasis symptoms appear on the surface of the skin, the disease actually starts underneath the skin. The skin cells grow at an abnormally fast rate due to an overactive immune system, which causes inflammation and the build up of lesions. (1) Psoriasis may occur if someone in your family has the disease, or if it is triggered by environmental factors. Causes of psoriasis include stress, injury to the skin, an infection or certain medications. Psoriasis natural treatments can help treat the underlying cause of the disease and reduce flare-up’s. - Plaque psoriasis – causes red, scaly skin patches - Nail or scalp psoriasis – affects the nail beds and the head, causes dryness and detached nails - Mild psoriasis – causes less severe psoriasis symptoms than other forms, may be mistaken for eczema or dandruff - Severe psoriasis – painful forms of psoriasis including postular and guttate psoriasis - Postular psoriasis – causes puss-filled, inflamed blisters on the skin that may be painful - Inverse psoriasis – bright red, shiny lesions, appear in areas where the skin folds - Erythrodermic psoriasis – causes red skin scales to peel off in sheets - Guttate psoriasis – the most common type of psoriasis among children and teens, causes small red bumps or patches that can be triggered by immune function, stress or infections - Plaques of red skin, can also be covered with a crust of silver or white scales - Loose skin or lesions that may be sensitive, painful and itchy - Dandruff on the scalp - Cracked, discolored skin that bleeds and bruises easily - Discoloration in the fingernails and toenails - Toenail fungus - Nails that detached from the nail beds Psoriasis Natural Treatments Psoriasis symptoms come and go in cycles. People who suffer from the disease are often prescribed creams and medications to help improve the appearance of the red patches on the skin. Psoriasis natural treatments help treat the underlying problem, instead of just the symptoms. 1. Eat an Anti-inflammatory Diet Psoriasis natural treatment includes eating an anti-inflammatory diet. (3) Foods that help ease psoriasis symptoms and lower autoimmune reactions include: - Probiotics – Probiotic foods help support a healthy digestive system, boost immunity and reduce inflammation. Try kefir, sauerkraut, kimchi and tempeh. - High-fiber foods – Fiber helps move harmful chemicals out of the body. Try peas, beans, broccoli and Brussels sprouts. - Foods High In Zinc – Zinc plays an important role in keeping the skin healthy. Try spinach, kidney beans, flax seeds and pumpkin seeds. 2. Use Herbs and Supplements Several different herbs and supplements can be used for psoriasis home treatment. Try: - Milk thistle – 250 milligrams three times per day can help reduce cellular growth and aid the liver in the detoxification process - Probiotics – 50 billion units a day can help lower autoimmune reactions and improve digestion - Hydrochhloric acid – Taking 1-3 capsules per meal can help improve protein digestion and decrease flare-up’s - Vitamin D3 – 5,000 IU each day can help boost the immune system and reduce symptoms 3. Spend Time Outside Studies have shown that Vitamin D improves psoriasis by slowing down skin cell production. (4) Spending time outdoors boosts Vitamin D levels, which has a positive effect on the immune system. Vitamin D can help lower autoimmune reactions and inflammation to reduce psoriasis symptoms. 4. Lower Your Stress Levels One of best psoriasis natural treatments is lowering stress levels. Both physical and emotional stress can cause flare-up’s and make symptoms worse. Stress causes the body to release higher levels of inflammatory proteins. (5) Lowering stress levels can help keep psoriasis symptoms under control. 5. Moisturize and Use Essential Oils Keeping the skin moisturized is an important part of psoriasis home treatment. When the skin is dry and inflamed, symptoms worsen. Use coconut oil, raw shea butter or a homemade body butter lotion to keep the skin hydrated. (6) Essential oils can also help soothe inflamed skin. Mix 3 drops of lavender oil and 3 drops of frankincense oil with 1 teaspoon of coconut oil, then rub the mixture onto the affected area up to 3 times a day.

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NetWellness is a global, community service providing quality, unbiased health information from our partner university faculty. NetWellness is commercial-free and does not accept advertising. Thursday, June 29, 2017 HIV and AIDS Effective Transmission From Female to Male and Vice Versa "Contracting HIV from any single episode of genital intercourse in heterosexuals is low". I copied and pasted that from another site and wanted some clarification on it. My question is specific to the male and then the female: If a female is HIV positive and she has unprotected sex (well lubricated) with a male partner who is HIV negative and the male's penis has no cuts, lesions, etc., what is the chance of him contracting the virus through his uretha? And then vice-versa, an infected male with the female, if he does or does not ejaculate inside her? From my understanding, it seems to be a lot easier for an infected male to pass it onto a female then an infected female onto a male? Thanks. I appreciate your knowledge with this question. Transmission does appear to be more efficient from men to women than the other way around. In general, there will be 3 transmissions out of 1000 episodes of intercourse. There are no separate estimates for people with visually intact mucosal surfaces, but that does not preclude the possibility of microscopic breaks; HIV is definitely more efficiently transmitted in both directions in the presence of ulcerative genital lesions. People should never be complacent about the risk of sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV, when skin and mucosal surfaces look normal. Judith Feinberg, MD Professor of Medicine College of Medicine University of Cincinnati

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“Do you love your creator? Love your fellow-beings first”—Muhammed “A generous heart, kind speech, and a life of service and compassion are the things which renew humanity.”—Buddha “Love thy neighbor as thyself.”—Jesus Spiritual leaders for centuries have taught the idea of putting someone else’s needs before one’s own. What is it about this common thread—the act of giving of one’s self—that is so valuable? How to Practice Loving Kindness There does seem to be this common thread amongst spiritual traditions—a shared experience that comes from practicing loving kindness. I don’t know how other traditions would explain its tremendous value in spirituality. But in the Buddhist tradition the practice of putting others ahead of oneself is strongly emphasized and explained in a specific way. The Dalai Lama often teaches on a famous Buddhist verse that says: “All the happiness the world has to offer comes from desiring well being for others. And all the suffering the world has to offer comes from desiring happiness solely for oneself.” This simple verse reflects a natural equation: That selfishness causes pain, and caring for others causes happiness. It suggests that if happiness is truly what we seek, we need to engage the cause of happiness by turning our attention toward the well-being of others. “Selfishness causes pain, and caring for others causes happiness.” Curiously, we have some strong misguided instincts that fool us into thinking that we can find happiness solely through cherishing and protecting ourselves. Our thoughts and activities most often focus on our own welfare. We spend much of each day struggling with what we want, what we don’t want, and all of our hopes and fears. The practice of extending love and kindness to others does not require we get rid of our own desire for happiness. It only requires we include others in this wish—a wish we usually reserve only for ourselves, our family, or our friends. We have to expand our sense of “me” and “mine” in order to include others in the realm of our care. And as we do this we move away from a contracted, self-focused, and isolated state toward a way of being that has limitless connection to life around us. When we begin to pay attention to life around us we start to see opportunities to practice loving kindness everywhere. We might give a blanket to a homeless person on the street, lend an ear to someone in pain, feed a stray animal, or simply acknowledge the presence of a stranger. These small gestures make such a big difference to others and they awaken in us the best of our humanity. When we see a need and respond to it, the joy we experience can sustain us for the entire day. “The practice of giving is not simply a crusade to do good. It serves as a means of awakening the best of who we are as human beings.” The wish for others’ happiness can be the focus of our lives whether we are in a position to give or simply driving alone in our car. Once I bought a lottery ticket on my way from Colorado to Santa Fe. The whole way I imagined what I could do with $170 million… “I could build a hospice and retirement home in my community where everyone could have free health care…I could contribute to homeless shelters in every state in the country and beyond…I could open clinics in India to treat all the mangy, homeless dogs that wander the streets…” Whatever came to mind I offered. When I arrived in Santa Fe I was full of energy and felt open, clear, and vibrant. And the reason for this, I realized, was that for 3 ½ hours (without even intending to) I had thought only of the welfare of others, never once thinking of what I could get for myself. The practice of giving is not simply a crusade to do good. It serves as a means of awakening the best of who we are as human beings. Whether we are actively engaged in giving or simply including others in our wish for happiness, we could never find a more meaningful or intelligent way to live out our lives than this. Given its power, it’s no wonder that the great spiritual leaders throughout history so highly valued the transformative nature of loving kindness and the act of serving others.

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attack(redirected from attacking) Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia. Related to attacking: consoler, fallback, instil, reverted, called off angle of attack The position of an airplane as it moves through the air. What is our angle of attack, Captain? Are we going to be able to land this plane as planned? attack is the best form of defense Launching an offensive is the best way to protect oneself. I need to start some rumors about Dean, before he comes after me. I know it sounds harsh, but attack is the best form of defense! (of an illness) a bout of some sickness; an instance or acute case of some disease. (*Typically: have ~; produce ~; suffer ~.) Mr. Hodder had an attack of stomach upset that forced him to stay at home. See also: attack 1. [of a rule or law] currently valid or in effect. (*Typically: be ~.) Is this rule in force now? The constitution is still in force. 2. Fig. in a very large group. (*Typically: arrive ~; attack ~.) The entire group arrived in force. The mosquitoes will attack in force this evening. produce an attack (of an illness) Go to an attack (of an illness). suffer an attack(of an illness) 1. Go to an attack (of an illness). on the attack forcefully criticizing or energetically competing against someone Flynn went on the attack against his rivals, finally bringing some life into a very dull campaign. Etymology: based on the literal meaning of on the attack (using force against an enemy) being acted against physically or with words She said cuts in spending put education in America under attack.Related vocabulary: under fire Etymology: based on the literal meaning of under attack (having physical force used against you) See also: attack in effect and in use The law has been in force for two years. Usage notes: used when referring to laws, rules, agreements, and systems 1. In full strength, in large numbers, as in Demonstrators were out in force. This usage originally alluded to a large military force. [Early 1300s] 2. Operative, binding, as in This rule is no longer in force. This usage originally alluded to the binding power of a law. [Late 1400s] Big Mac attack n. a sudden and desperate need for a Big Mac sandwich, a product of the McDonald’s restaurant chain. (Big Mac is a protected trade name of McDonald’s.) I feel a Big Mac attack coming on! 1. In full strength; in large numbers: Demonstrators were out in force. 2. In effect; operative: a rule that is no longer in force.

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A People's History of Poverty in America. |Article Type:||Book review| |Subject:||Books (Book reviews)| |Publication:||Name: Journal of Social History Publisher: Journal of Social History Audience: Academic Format: Magazine/Journal Subject: History; Sociology and social work Copyright: COPYRIGHT 2010 Journal of Social History ISSN: 0022-4529| |Issue:||Date: Summer, 2010 Source Volume: 43 Source Issue: 4| |Topic:||NamedWork: A People's History of Poverty in America (Nonfiction work)| |Persons:||Reviewee: Pimpare, Stephen| A People's History of Poverty in America. By Stephen Pimpare (New York: The New Press, 2008. xii plus 322 pp. $27.95). Social historians often aim to write history "from the bottom up" and to recover the voices of the least powerful people of the past. Political Scientist Stephen Pimpare has achieved these goals exceptionally well in this synthetic survey of the experience of poverty from colonial British North America to the present-day United States. Drawing from, an impressive, wide array of secondary works in history and social scientific studies of recent decades, along with published memoirs, oral histories, and other published primary sources, Pimpare has combed the literature for the voices of the poor. And he delivers them to the reader in copious volume, sometimes one after the other, but framed in such accessible prose and with such a clear interpretive structure, that the book reads very well. Pimpare's main argument, that the experience of poverty throughout American history is a story of continuity, and little meaningful change, is often well-supported by his legion of evidence. He identifies numerous continuities in the experiences of the poor in America, including: the condescending idea that the well-off know what is best for the poor; the notion that welfare causes poverty; the efforts of the poor to turn welfare to their own benefit as ingeniously as possible; the willingness of poor people to help others; and the roles of welfare states in governing the labor of African Americans and others. To emphasize these constants, Pimpare uses a thematic structure in his book, which deliberately throws chronology to the wind. Chapters focus on themes such as the poor helping each other; finding shelter, food, and work; organizing family life to be as successful as possible; and struggling for welfare rights. Within chapters, the voices of the poor speak to these themes from many different time periods. In two pages, a reader might hear from a half dozen people, two each in the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries, all describing remarkably similar experiences of poverty. At their best, Pimpare's chapters are very persuasive in demonstrating continuity, in the first chapter, on the poor helping each other, for example, the echoes in testimony from the seventeenth to the twenty-first centuries ate too striking to ignore. As diverse as the periods represented are, however, the late twentieth century becomes the most familiar epoch to readers, and it even feels like the normative period. Chapters often begin with an anecdote or statistic from the late twentieth century, and then take a tout of other periods to find that the experience of the recent past has also been that of earlier eras. In some chapters, this tour of pre-twentieth-century experience is too brief and spotty to persuasively support the argument of continuity. In his discussion of how the poor acquire food, for example, Pimpare provides only four examples from prior to the twentieth century, out of at least twenty-eight examples total. Given Pimpare 's obvious familiarity with a wide swathe of sources in early America and the nineteenth century, it is puzzling that at times this study gives overwhelming attention to twentieth-century sources. One major exception to this emphasis on the twentieth century is Pimpare's ground-breaking discussion of an "African American welfare state," which counts the institutions of slavery, the Freedmen's Bureau, Jim Crow laws, and prisoner labor as part of this welfare state (168). Following the social control interpretation that American welfare states have often been intended to regulate the labor market, Pimpare argues persuasively that slavery and its successor institutions did just that: regulated antebellum Southern labor, white and black, while also providing welfare to enslaved people. Pimpare is careful to make the point that this does not make slavery a benevolent institution, but he insists that it does share some features with subsequent welfare programs, which often exchanged work for aid and also "concerned themselves with labor market effects" (169). Pimpare's is an activists' history, and readers can get a sense of moral outrage at the conditions of American poverty, past and present. Timely, given our recent rise in unemployment, it encourages readers to reflect on the meaning of the history of poverty for our present-day policy choices. Perhaps Pimpare's most important conclusion for present-day policy is that a welfare state is the best political economy available for addressing the needs of the poor (6). There seems to be a strong tension, though, between Pimpare's point that a welfare state is good political economy, his recognition of multiple welfare states throughout history, and his strong emphasis on continuity in the experience of the poor in America. It he is concluding that a strengthened welfare state is a good thing, one would expect him to find that welfare states in the past made a positive impact on the experiences of the poor. Instead, the book avoids such a story of change over time. In the section focusing on women's experience, for example, there are so few examples from prior to the New Deal, that the book never has to grapple with whether the New Deal changed women's and children's experiences of poverty. Relentlessly, Pimpare's story of continuity would suggest that neither welfare states, nor new technologies in the workplace or in food production, nor changing elements of culture have had a significant impact on what poverty feels like. At times, this argument is nor well-supported, but at other times, Pimpare's parade of evidence demonstrates that many aspects of poverty have been remarkably alike, whether documented in the 1760s or the 1960s. This book, then, will challenge experts in the field and laypeople alike to revise or moderate our views of the history of social welfare as marked by distinctive phases. It will also challenge scholars and policy-makers to listen more closely to those who experienced poverty. It will appeal to both scholarly and popular audiences because of its engaging, clear, and fluid writing. It will also serve scholars and teachers as an extraordinarily rich collection of endnotes, and of the voices of the poor. University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh |Gale Copyright:||Copyright 2010 Gale, Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.|

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Origin of homiletic Examples from the Web for homiletic In LB the incident is given a homiletic turn, by being told to illustrate the saint's care for animals. In the homiletic sphere perpetual motion is an assured success.The Gentle Reader|Samuel McChord Crothers The homiletic purpose of these documents is most clearly shown in the Irish Life. It is a popular work, written with a practical purpose, ethical and homiletic in tone and style.A History of Mediaeval Jewish Philosophy|Isaac Husik Nemcova's renderings are too often diffuse and inconsequential, Kulda's dry, pedantic, and homiletic.The Shoemaker's Apron|Parker Fillmore 1640s, "of or having to do with sermons," from Late Latin homileticus, from Greek homiletikos "of conversation, affable," from homelein "associate with," from homilos (see homily).

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The United States of America or just simply known as America is located on the North American continent. America is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean from the east and by the Pacific Ocean from the west. With an area of 9,826,630 square kilometers, America is the third largest country after Russia and Canada, which means it is six times bigger than Iran. The population of the country is about 315 million people with the majority of the immigrants being from Mexico and China. The United States of America has 48 states and two separate states, Alaska and Hawaii. This country is known to be the most diverse country in terms of race and ethnicity. America’s largest state, Alaska, is located in the northwest of Canada, and is sharing borders with Yukon and Colombia. Due to having mineral oils, this state is one of the richest states in the United States. The capital city is Washington DC which is in the District of Columbia. (In 1790, the capital city of America was planned to be built in a zone which included some parts of Virginia and Maryland. This area was later called Colombia.) This city is under the Congress rule and is not governed by the same rules as the other 50 states. The most populated cities: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Philadelphia, Washington, Miami, and Atlanta. Best places to visit are: - White House in Washington DC - Statue of Liberty in New York - Niagara Falls which is the border between New York state (America) and Ontario (Canada) - Mount Rushmore in South Dakota (famous for a massive sculpture carved into granite faces of four great American presidents) - Disneyland in Anaheim, California - Hollywood in Los Angeles, California - Golden Gate bridge in San Francisco, California The government of the United State is federal democracy. The system is in such a way that won’t allow a single person to be in an absolute power. The country’s most important parties are Democratic and Republican. The first country in the world, America, has a capitalist economic system. By exporting industrial equipment, manufacturing, aerospace industry, motor vehicles, automotive parts, food, etc., America is the third country in the world in terms of exportation. With respect to nuclear energy, power generation, oil refining and storage capacity of coal stone, it is the first country in the world. However, within the last decade America was known to be the world’s largest country in debt. CPI inflation is close to one percent and unemployment rate is about seven percent. Culture and Art American artists have worked in all disciplines of literature and art. Although this country is relatively young, but it has offered different styles in literature, music, cinema, etc. America has a huge influence in the world cinema and Hollywood is the most popular destination for all the actors from different countries. Many of the historic halls and luxurious Hollywood theatres is where most of the concerts and important events, such as the Oscar ceremony take place. National sports include: baseball, American football, basketball and American ice hockey America has a proud history in Olympic Games and it has been hosting the games for several times. According to the official law, all the religions are welcomed in America and there is no official religion. So America is known to be a secular country.

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Once Again: The Great Inventors Often Were Neither Great, Nor Inventors from the revisiting-history dept Last year, there was a book showing how Thomas Edison wasn't the great inventor he claimed to be. Now, there's a new book suggesting not only was Alexander Graham Bell not the great inventor many hold him up to be, but the famous story of him rushing to the patent office to beat Elisha Gray's patent filing by mere hours may hide the fact that Bell actually cheated the system with the help of a corrupt patent examiner, who shared Gray's filing with Bell and then helped make it appear that Bell's filing came first. While this should raise even more questions about why either man was able to get a patent on an idea that was getting plenty of attention from many sources, and thus should have been considered obvious, it also adds to the list of "great inventors" who really did very little inventing. The reason this is so important is that a patent system really only makes sense if it's the invention part that's important and that invention is basically the pinnacle of advancement in the space. Instead, if it's innovation that's more important, and innovation is an ongoing process that is sped along by competition, then there is little reason to have a patent system at all. Those who hold up Edison, Bell, the Wright Brothers and others as examples of why the patent system should exist are pointing to the wrong role models. The more detailed you look at their records you realize that both men cheated -- and used the patent system not to help protect "inventions," but to get monopolies that kept out real competition, slowed down true innovation and built up unfair monopolies they didn't deserve.

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The Threatened Species Recovery Hub is undertaking a nation-wide assessment of the conservation status of Australian eucalypt, which includes the genera Eucalyptus, Corymbia and Angophora. The assessment will help conservation managers to understand which species are at risk and will also underpin a national conservation action plan for Australian eucalypts. To mark this significant milestone in eucalypt conservation the Recovery Hub is holding a photo competition to celebrate the beauty and diversity of Australia’s eucalypts. The best photos will be included in the National Action Plan for Australian Eucalypts, an online photo exhibition and in other materials that promote the findings of the assessment and the national action plan. This could include stories on the hub website and social media, in presentations, factsheets, reports and media coverage related to this conservation research project. You can find the competition details here.

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A bumper crop of beauties has made its fall arrival in the supermarket produce aisles - the Fujis, Mutsus, Cortlands and other power pommes. The apple invasion inspired me to make a home-baked apple pie, filling my kitchen with a warm cinnamon aroma. No surprise, my sweet-tooths polished off the pie at one sitting as we giggled over apple jokes and trivia. In the beginning, this forbidden fruit had tempted Adam and Eve and earned them a "time out" from the Garden of Eden. Ancient scriptures have it that Adam's punishment for tasting the apple was that a piece of the core lodged in his craw which is how the lump in the front of men's necks became known as "Adam's Apple." The apple was first domesticated in Asia Minor before the time of Christ, spread to Greece by 300 B.C. and became a favorite snack for the ancient Romans. The apple's healthful properties were recognized by Greek physicians like Hippocrates, who in 200 A.D. prescribed sweet apples for indigestion and sour ones for fainting spells. The fruit made its way to North America in the 17th century by colonists who settled in Massachusetts. Johnny Appleseed traveled through the Ohio Valley in the early 1800s introducing apple seeds to the pioneers while missionaries continued to spread the apple seed westward. Today pomologists claim there are roughly 7,500 apple varieties worldwide, but only 100 commercial crops in the United States, the majority grown in Washington State. Apples are packed with fiber and potassium while having a low glycemic load. They are a great source of antioxidants, especially the Red Delicious, Northern Spy and Ida Red varieties. The anti-cancer crunch concentrated in the apples' peels has been linked to inhibiting the growth of liver, colon and breast cancer cells. Apples also contain flavonoids with antiallergic, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, and have the richest source of pectin of all the fruits, found to lower bad cholesterol levels, reduce high blood pressure and control gallstones. Finally, a study has shown that children who drink a cup of apple juice daily were less likely to develop wheezing symptoms from asthma. So "An apple a day does keep the doctor away," as J.T. Stinson professed. Always choose organically grown apples, since the conventional crops are the second most pesticide-laced fruit, after first-place peaches. Try a tangy firm Jonagold, a blend of Jonathan and Golden Delicious, or a Winesap with a spicy wine-like flavor. Heart-shaped Galas with a striped yellow-orange skin are an ideal snack size, good in applesauce or salads. Heirloom apples that were concocted by European immigrants planting a smorgasbord of seeds from Canada, Europe and southern New England can be sampled at apple shows across the country. Like my mom, I'm an incorrigible trivia buff, so the apple doesn't fall far from the tree. Here goes: the largest apple ever picked weighed in at three pounds; 80 percent of the fruit is water; and apples bruise easier than eggs break. Here's a divine apple pie recipe, and when topped with a dollop of vanilla gelato, it's the best thing since little apples. The Kitchen Shrink's Apple Pie Scratch Dough (Or you can buy artisan pie crusts from Trader Joe's) - 2 eggs - 1/2 cup of grapeseed oil - 1/2 cup of cane sugar - A few drops of pure vanilla extract - 1 teaspoon of lemon juice - 1 tablespoon of orange juice - 3 cups of unbleached flour - 1 tablespoon of baking powder - Dash of salt - 3 pounds of apples (Granny Smith's my pick), peeled, thinly sliced - 1 cup of brown sugar - 1 teaspoon of cinnamon - 3 tablespoons of flour - 1/4 teaspoon of salt - 2 tablespoons of butter (dots) Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Mix and beat well the eggs, oil, sugar, vanilla and juices. Blend the flour with the salt and baking powder. Add the dry ingredients to the egg mixture to form dough. Refrigerate for one hour. Divide the dough in half. Flour a board and roll out two circles. Place one rolled out dough into a greased 9 or 10-inch pie pan. In a bowl, gently mix the filling ingredients. Sprinkle into the dough layered pan. Top with the remaining rolled out dough, pinching the edges. With a sharp knife make 4 horizontal slits for venting. Brush milk or cream over the crust. Bake for 30 to 35 minutes or until golden brown.

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Pakistan, which has an agrarian economy, is not equipped to adapt to climate change because of its low technological and resource base. It has suffered a loss of billions because of the floods in recent years. A new strategy is required to mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change. The increased demand for food due to population and income growth and the impacts of climate change on agriculture will ratchet up the pressure for increased and more sustainable agricultural production to feed the planet. A new report released on Wednesday by London-based International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) measures the impacts of agricultural innovation on farm productivity, prices, hunger, and trade flows as we approach 2050 and identifies practices which could significantly benefit developing nations. The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) seeks sustainable solutions for ending hunger and poverty. The IFPRI was established in 1975 to identify and analyse alternative national and international strategies and policies for meeting the food needs of the developing world, with particular emphasis on low-income countries and on the poorer groups in those countries. “The book, Food Security in a World of Natural Resource Scarcity: The Role of Agricultural Technologies, released today, examines 11 agricultural practices and technologies and how they could help farmers around the world improve the sustainability of growing three of the world’s main staple crops – maize, rice, and wheat,” the report said. Using a first-of-its-kind data model, the IFPRI pinpoints the agricultural technologies and practices that can most significantly reduce food prices and food insecurity in developing nations. The study profiles 11 agricultural innovations: crop protection, drip irrigation, drought tolerance, heat tolerance, integrated soil fertility management, no-till farming, nutrient use efficiency, organic agriculture, precision agriculture, sprinkler irrigation, and water harvesting. The findings from the book indicate that no-till farming alone could increase maize yields by 20 percent, but also irrigating the same no-till fields could increase maize yields by 67 percent in 2050. Nitrogen-use efficiency could increase rice crop yields by 22 percent, but irrigation increased the yields by another 21 percent. Heat-tolerant varieties of wheat could increase crop yields from a 17 percent increase to a 23 percent increase with irrigation. Yet, no single silver bullet exists. “The reality is that no single agricultural technology or farming practice will provide sufficient food for the world in 2050,” said Mark Rosegrant, lead author of the book and director of IFPRI’s Environment and Production Technology Division. “Instead we must advocate for and utilise a range of these technologies in order to maximise yields.” However, it is realistic to assume that farmers in the developing world and elsewhere would adopt a combination of technologies as they become more widely available. If farmers were to stack agricultural technologies in order of crop production schedules, the combination of agricultural technologies and practices could reduce food prices by up to 49 percent for maize, up to 43 percent for rice, and 45 percent for wheat due to increased crop productivity. The technologies with the highest percentage of potential impact for agriculture in developing countries include no-till farming, nitrogen-use efficiency, heat-tolerant crops, and crop protection from weeds, insects, and diseases. The anticipated negative effects of climate change on agricultural productivity as well as projected population growth by 2050, suggest that food insecurity and food prices will increase. For example, climate change could decrease maize yields by as much as 18 percent by 2050–making it even more difficult to feed the world if farmers cannot adopt agricultural technologies that could help boost food production in their regions. “One of the most significant barriers to global food security is the high cost of food in developing countries,” Rosegrant explained. “Agricultural technologies used in combinations tailored to the crops grown and regional differences could make more food more affordable – especially for those at risk of hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.” However, based on current projections, stacked technologies could reduce food insecurity by as much as 36 percent. Making this a reality, however, depends on farmers gaining access to these technologies and learning how to use them. This underscores the need for improved agricultural education to ensure that farmers are able to use the best available technologies for their region and resources. The IFPRI highlights three key areas for investments prioritising effective technology use: increasing crop productivity through enhanced investment in agricultural research; developing and using resource-conserving agricultural management practices such as no-till farming, integrated soil fertility management, improved crop protection, and precision agriculture. Monday, February 17, 2014, Source: International The News

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Baby Bottle Tooth Decay Baby Bottle Tooth Decay, or Baby Bottle Syndrome, or Nursing Bottle Mouth are all terms used to describe a dental condition which involves the rapid decay of many or all the baby teeth of an infant or child. The teeth most likely to be damaged are the upper front teeth. They are some of the first teeth to erupt and thus have the longest exposure time to the sugars in the bottle. The lower front teeth tend to be protected by the tongue as the child sucks on the nipple of the bottle or the breast. Baby Bottle Tooth Decay is caused by frequent exposure of a child's teeth for long periods of time to liquid containing sugars. When your baby falls asleep with: - A bottle containing formula, milk or juice. - A pacifier dipped in honey. - While breast feeding. The liquid pools around the front teeth. During sleep, the bacteria living in every baby's mouth, turns the milk sugar or other sugars to acid which causes the decay. Parents may not know there is a problem until serious damage has been done: - Oral checks should be performed by parents to detect early signs of the disease. - Brown spots along the gumline on your child's teeth are signs which should alert you. - If your child prefers soft foods, frowns or cries when eating cold, sweet, or hard foods, they should be checked for tooth decay. By the time tooth decay is noticed it may be too late and crowns, pulp therapy, or even extraction of the decayed teeth may be necessary. As a result, your child may suffer from long term disorders which include speech impediments, possible psychological damage, crooked or crowded teeth, and poor oral health. - You can prevent this from happening to your child's teeth by learning how to protect them. - Clean your child's teeth daily. - Never allow your child to fall asleep with a bottle filled with juice, milk, or formula (or when awake, sip on it for long periods of time as a pacifier). - Start bottle weaning by at least a year. - Give your child plain water for thirst. - Make sure your child gets the fluoride needed to prevent decay. - Have regular dental visits for your child beginning when their first tooth erupts. TIP: Cut back on sugary bottles by gradually watering them down until they are only water. Most children begin life with strong, healthy teeth. Help your child's teeth stay that way. Your newborn is totally dependent upon you as a parent. The decisions you make will have a vital effect on your child's dental future.

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The coalescent model is a powerful tool in the population geneticist’s toolbox. It traces the history of a sample back to its most recent common ancestor (MRCA) by looking at coalescence events between pairs of lineages. Starting from assumptions of random mating, selective neutrality, and constant population size, the coalescent uses a simple stochastic process that allows us to study properties of genealogies, such as the time to the MRCA and the length of the genealogy, analytically and through efficient simulation. Extensions to the coalescent allow us to incorporate effects of mutation, recombination, selection and demographic events in the coalescent model. A short introduction to the coalescent model can be found here and a longer, more detailed introduction can be read here. However, coalescent analyses can be slow or suffer from numerical instability, especially for large samples. In a study published earlier this year in Theoretical Population Biology, CEHG fellow Ethan Jewett and CEHG professor Noah Rosenberg proposed fast and accurate approximations to general coalescent formulas and procedures for applying such approximations. Their work also examined the asymptotic behavior of existing coalescent approximations analytically and empirically. Computational challenges with the coalescent For a given sample, there are many possible genealogical histories, i.e., tree topologies and branch lengths, which are consistent with the allelic states of the sample. Analyses involving the coalescent therefore often require us to condition on a specific genealogical property and then sum over all possible genealogies that display the property, weighted by the probability of the genealogy. A genealogical property that is often conditioned on is , the number of ancestral lineages in the genealogy at a time in the past. However, computing the distribution of is computationally expensive for large samples and can suffer from numerical instability. A general approximation procedure for formulas conditioning on Coalescent formulas conditioning on typically involve sums of the form For large samples and recent times, these computations have two drawbacks: – The range of possible values for may be quite large (especially if multiple populations are being analyzed) and a summation over these values may be computationally expensive. – Expressions for are susceptible to round-off errors. Slatkin (2000) proposed an approximation to the summation in by a single term . This deterministic approximation was based on the observation that changes almost deterministically over time, even though it is a stochastic variable in theory. Thus we can write . From Figure 2 in the paper (reproduced here), we can see that this approximation is quite accurate. The authors prove the asymptotic accuracy of this approximation and also prove that under regularity assumptions, converges to uniformly in the limits of and . This is an important result since it shows that the general procedure produces a good approximation for both very recent and very ancient history of the sample. Further, the paper shows how this method can be used to approximate quantities that depend on the trajectory of over time, which can be used to calculate interesting quantities such as the expected number of segregating sites in a genealogy. Approximating for single populations A difficulty with using the deterministic approximation is that often has no closed-form formula, and if one exists, it is typically not easy to compute when the sample is large. For a single population with changing size, two deterministic approximations have previously been developed (one by Slatkin and Rannala 1997, Volz et al. 2009 and one by Frost and Volz, 2010, Maruvka et al., 2011). Using theoretical and empirical methods, the authors examine the asymptotic behavior and computational complexity of these approximations and a Gaussian approximation by Griffiths. A summary of their results is in the table below. |Griffith’s approximation||Accurate for large samples and recent history.| |Slatkin and Rannala (1997), Volz et al. (2009)||Accurate for recent history and arbitrary sample size, inaccurate for very ancient history.| |Frost and Volz (2010), Maruvka et al. (2011)||Accurate for both recent and ancient history and for arbitrary sample size.| |Jewett and Rosenberg (2014)||Accurate for both recent and ancient history and arbitrary sample size, and for multiple populations with migration.| Approximating for multiple populations Existing approaches only work for single populations of changing size and cannot account for migration between multiple populations. Ethan and Noah extend the framework for single populations to allow multiple populations with migration. The result is a system of simultaneous differential equations, one for each population. While it does not allow for analytical solutions except in very special cases, the system can be easily solved numerically for any given demographic scenario. Significance of this work The extension of the coalescent framework to multiple populations with migration is an important result for demographic inference. The extended framework with multiple populations allows efficient computation of demographically informative quantities such as the expected number of private alleles in a sample, divergence times between populations. Ethan and Noah describe a general procedure that can be used to approximate coalescent formulas that involve summing over distributions conditioned on or the trajectory of over time. This procedure is particularly accurate for studying very recent or very ancient genealogical history. The analysis of existing approximations to show that different approximations have different asymptotic behavior and computational complexities. The choice of which approximation to use is therefore often a tradeoff between the computational complexity of the approximation and the likely behavior of the approximation in the parameter ranges of interest. As increasingly large genomic samples from populations with complex demographic histories become available for study, exact methods either become intractable or very slow. This work adds to a growing set of approximations to the coalescent and its extensions, joining other methods such as conditional sampling distributions and the sequentially markov coalescent. Ethan and Noah are already exploring applications of these approximate methods to reconciling gene trees with species trees. In the future, I expect that these and other approximations will be important for fast and accurate analysis of large genomic datasets. Griffiths, R. C. (1984). Asymptotic line-of-descent distributions. Journal of Mathematical Biology, 21(1), 67-75. Frost, S. D., & Volz, E. M. (2010). Viral phylodynamics and the search for an ‘effective number of infections’. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 365(1548), 1879-1890. Maruvka, Y. E., Shnerb, N. M., Bar-Yam, Y., & Wakeley, J. (2011). Recovering population parameters from a single gene genealogy: an unbiased estimator of the growth rate. Molecular biology and evolution, 28(5), 1617-1631. Slatkin, M., & Rannala, B. (1997). Estimating the age of alleles by use of intraallelic variability. American journal of human genetics, 60(2), 447. Slatkin, M. (2000). Allele age and a test for selection on rare alleles.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 355(1403), 1663-1668. Volz, E. M., Pond, S. L. K., Ward, M. J., Brown, A. J. L., & Frost, S. D. (2009). Phylodynamics of infectious disease epidemics. Genetics, 183(4), 1421-1430.

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Phil 1018: LOGIC On-line course materials for Logic, Philosophy Syllabus, Unit Guides, and Practice Exams Cheap Nativism Suppose concepts are just names - for things, kinds, properties (as on Jerry Fodor's conceptual atomism). Then perhaps all nativism requires is an innate name generator. External causal links provide the extensions of the concepts. Can nativism be this cheap? (.doc file Late 2009) Against Derived Intentionality Intentionality Dualists (Searle, Fodor) hold that there is an important distinction between "derived" and "original" (intrinsic, underived) intentionality. The Intentionality Monist Dennett holds that the distinction is bogus; all intentionality is derived. I critically examine key arguments offered by Searle and Dennett for their respective positions and conclude that all have flaws, including problems of individuation, conflation of semantic and epistemic matters, a pernicious regress, and other alarming short-comings. At the end I sketch a neglected monism: all intentionality is afforded by causal connections, no intentionality is literally intrinsic, and nothing derives its intentionality solely in virtue of acts of interpretation. (.doc file 2010) EEE-PC: Economics, Evolution and Ethics - a Plausible Convergence This is a foray into meta-metaethics. With a wary eye on Richard Posner's lone advocacy of a normative economic approach to ethics, I argue that under certain circumstances of competition or adversity we can expect social rules, including moral codes, to promote economic efficiency. This maximizes public goods, increasing chances of overcoming the adversities. Under similar circumstances, where entire social groups succeed or fail, evolutionary selection pressures will have the same outcome. Finally I argue that a Social Contract approach will converge on the same result. Some data suggest that the circumstances that would produce these convergences are not ubiquitous, but have been historically real and hence important for understanding real world moral codes. Inverted Spectrum Arguments Inverted spectrum arguments, such as Ned Block's Inverted Earth thought experiment, are thought to count against computational accounts of qualia. By considering a variety of inverted qualia possibilities in other sense modalities, including inverted auditory pitch spectrum, inverted loudness and inverted hedonic spectrum, as well as radical synesthesia, I develop an argument that the intuitions pumped by the common inverted spectrum arguments are misleading. Images and Thinking A defense of the view that images play a central role in cognition. I reply to arguments that images are syntactically and semantically inadequate to be the primary medium for thought and inference. Main points: images have been saddled with resemblance semantics, indicator semantics is viable alternative; nearly exclusive attention has been paid to visual images of extra-linguistic objects, but acoustic images of sentences are an important neglected form of imaging that avoids cognitive inadequacies of typical visual images. Finally I argue, against Tye and Pinker, that mental images do not require mentalese labels. April 1999. circa 22 print pages Natural Meaning for Natural Language An account of how the meaning of natural language can be understood as natural meaning. In the course of the positive accounts, I return to the beginning of Grice's paper "Meaning" and re-examine his attempt to distinguish natural and non-natural meaning. I conclude, contrary to Grice, that there is a univocal, natural, meaning at the heart of language. May 1998; html equivalent of circa 25 double-spaced print pages. A Defence of Mill 's Account of Names Mill's view that a name means its bearer is defended against four classic arguments: the claim Mill cannot account for the meaning of identity statements, negative existentials, and empty names, nor the failure of substitutivity in opaque contexts. February/March 1998. See also the papers on mentalese below. I Don't Think So: Pinker on the Thinker. Reply to Steven Pinker's arguments for mentalese and against natural language as a medium for thought. Pinker's arguments are set out in his 1994 book, The Language Instinct. I argue mentalese doesn't solve any of the problems he cites for the view that we think in natural language. So I don't think I think the way he thinks I think. Draft February 1998. About 40k light html. Sense and Sentience Hearing Yourself Think: natural language, inner speech and thought A defense of the view that much thought, abstract thought particularly, consists of inner speech in the form of auditory and kinesthetic images. I reply to arguments from Jerry Fodor and others against natural language as a medium of thought. I then go on to speculate as to why some thinking might require images of spoken language, rather than a presumably more efficient representation system such as Mentalese. I conclude with implications for the Whorf hypothesis and other issues. Not previously published; new August 1997. Light html, about 25k. The Mind as the Mirror of Nature This paper defends an internalist account of qualia. It is a critical response to Fred Dretske's strong externalist position in his important 1995 book, Naturalizing the Mind. I discuss Swampmen, inverted spectrum, and accounts of biological function. This paper was presented at the Minnesota Philosophical Society meetings in Nov. 1996. Plain text, about 32k, 13 printed pages. The Return of the Evil Genius A Dialog between the Evil Genius (star of Descartes' first Meditation) and a Brain in a Vat (star of B-movies and, among other works, Hilary Putnam's Reason, Truth and History ) -- in which the discussants investigate matters skeptical, linguistic and metaphysical! Light HTML; about 50k; 36 printed pages. Abstract of Artificial Intelligence and A paper published in Synthese. I tried to show just why Searle's Chinese Room argument is unsound -- if a mind were realized by running a computer program or a set of instructions, it would be distinct from the computer or the person(s) following the instructions. So Searle argues unsoundly from the fact that he doesn't understand Chinese to the conclusion that no Chinese understanding is created by his running an artifical intelligence program. Considerations of personal identity are relevant. Review of software based wavetable music synthesizers including products from Roland (Virtual Sound Canvas) and Yamaha ("Midplug Soft Synth"). Software syths compared to a Roland Sound Canvas (a version of the SC55). Discussion of implications for the future of music synthesis. August 1996. Previously unpublished papers are copyrighted by David Cole year of presentation or electronic publication. David Cole 2014 UMD Philosophy Dept. Revised January 1, 2014

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Have your party surrounded by history… O’Connell Bridge was originally named Carlisle Bridge for the then Lord Lieutenant of Ireland Frederick Howard, 5th Earl of Carlisle was designed by James Gandon and completed in 1794. HAVE YOUR PARTY SURROUNDED BY HISTORY In 1880, work began to widen the Carlisle Bridge, in an effort to ease traffic congestion. At 50 meters wide, it is now the only traffic bridge in Europe as wide as it is long. When the bridge was reopened in 1882. It was renamed for Daniel O’Connell when the nearby statue in his honour was unveiled.

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NASA has welcomed a dozen more people into its astronaut family, but the new additions aren't ready to go to space just yet. Yesterday (June 7), the agency unveiled its 2017 astronaut class — seven men and five women chosen from a record-breaking initial pool of 18,353 applicants. (The previous high was 8,000 applicants, back in 1978, NASA officials said.) The 12 new astronaut candidates (or "ascans," in NASA parlance) won't become full-fledged astronauts until they complete two years of training. This work, which begins in August, will be varied and rigorous. [What It's Like to Become an Astronaut: 10 Surprising Facts] For example, the newcomers will learn all about the International Space Station (ISS) and its many systems. They'll practice taking spacewalks in a giant swimming pool at NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC) in Houston, and they'll simulate berthing visiting vessels with the orbiting lab's giant robotic arm. NASA's primary partner on the $100 billion ISS is Russia's federal space agency, so the candidates will also learn Russian. And they'll be taught to fly supersonic T-38 jets, to help prepare them for the rigors of spaceflight, NASA officials said. When all of this training is done, the newly minted space fliers will get in line for a trip to the final frontier. (There are currently 44 active, or flight-eligible, members of NASA's astronaut corps.) While they wait their turn, the 2017 class will be assigned "technical duties" at JSC's Astronaut Office. "Technical duties can range from supporting current missions in roles such as CAPCOM in Mission Control, to advising on the development of future spacecraft," NASA officials wrote in an FAQ about the new astronaut class. (CAPCOM is short for Capsule Communicator; it refers to an individual at Mission Control who communicates directly with crewmembers in space.) When the wait is over, the 2017 class could be assigned to missions aboard any of four different spacecraft, NASA officials added: the ISS, Boeing's CST-100 Starliner capsule, SpaceX's Dragon capsule or NASA's Orion vehicle. Starliner and Dragon are being developed to ferry American astronauts to and from the ISS, under multibillion-dollar NASA contracts. Both Boeing and SpaceX aim to begin crewed test flights sometime next year. When the private capsules are fully up and running, they will end NASA's dependence on Russian Soyuz spacecraft to provide this taxi service. [Photos: The Best Astronaut Selfies in Space] NASA is developing Orion, along with a huge rocket called the Space Launch System (SLS), to help get astronauts to Mars and other deep-space destinations. Orion has been to space once, on an uncrewed test flight to Earth orbit in December 2014 that launched atop a United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy rocket. SLS and Orion are scheduled to launch together for the first time in 2019 on a flight called Exploration Mission 1 (EM-1), which will send an uncrewed Orion on a three-week journey around the moon. The duo's first crewed flight will come a minimum of 33 months after EM-1, NASA officials have said. One of the 12 new candidates "could be the one that takes that next iconic giant leap and says the words similar to what Neil Armstrong said when he stepped on the moon, and brings the entire NASA family, and this entire world, with them," acting NASA chief Robert Lightfoot said during a press conference yesterday. "That's what the future is for these folks, and it's very, very exciting when we think about it." Get the Space.com Newsletter Breaking space news, the latest updates on rocket launches, skywatching events and more! Michael Wall is a Senior Space Writer with Space.com and joined the team in 2010. He primarily covers exoplanets, spaceflight and military space, but has been known to dabble in the space art beat. His book about the search for alien life, "Out There," was published on Nov. 13, 2018. Before becoming a science writer, Michael worked as a herpetologist and wildlife biologist. He has a Ph.D. in evolutionary biology from the University of Sydney, Australia, a bachelor's degree from the University of Arizona, and a graduate certificate in science writing from the University of California, Santa Cruz. To find out what his latest project is, you can follow Michael on Twitter.

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posted by Elle Suppose a single electron orbits about a nucleus containing two protons (+2e), as would be the case for a helium atom from which one of the naturally occuring electrons is removed. The radius of the orbit is 2.26 × 10-11 m. Determine the magnitude of the electron's centripetal acceleration. Electron mass= 9.11X 10^-31 kg Electron charge= -1.60x10^-19 C Proton charge= 1.60x10^-19 C

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When discussing disability and ableism (and other forms of oppression) in feminist contexts, feminists sometimes question why it should be discussed at all. Isn’t feminism about women?, some ask. What does disability have to do with women’s oppression? Disability is relevant to feminism because women experience disability, and because disability-related oppression often manifests in gender-specific ways. Disabled women are raped at a disproportionate rate. The bodies of women with disabilities are seen as public property, subjected to rude and invasive questioning. And a new study shows that women experience much higher rates of disability as we age, though we have longer life expectancies. The study, published in the Journal of Women’s Health and conducted by the Public Health Agency of Barcelona, found that 53% of women over 64 experience disability (an increase since 1992), compared to only 30% of men of the same age. Albert Espelt, the lead researcher on the project, explained, “The double burden of work that women experience throughout their lives — domestic work and work outside the home — is a key factor in explaining this difference in different studies.” He went on to clarify that domestic work also has an impact on non-evident disabilities. Women are forced to do disproportionate amounts of housework because we are expected to, because we are constructed as the default performer of domestic work. But most of us also have to work for a wage - even if we didn’t want to work for pay, it’s not like care of our homes and children are monetarily compensated. And what do you know, that gendered expectation that we will carry the bulk of the burdens of the home has an impact on our bodies and our minds as we age. Disability is naturally ocurring, and not something to be eliminated. But when women experience disability at disproportionate rates, it is indicative not of a wide variety of different human experiences and bodies. It’s indicative of sexist demands placed on women’s bodies throughout our lifetime.

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October is Breast Cancer Awareness month, and at Living Health and Wellness and O2 Living, we'll be focusing a bit more on women's health and breast cancer throughout the month. We all know that October is Breast Cancer Awareness month because "pink is in." It's on ribbons, water bottles, t-shirts, our organic, cold-pressed Living Juice bottles; even the White House is illuminated in pink. It is an amazing and inspiring color, signifying the unity to help eradicate this dreadful disease. We know that one out of every eight women will develop breast cancer in their lifetime and chances are that either you or someone you know has been touched by the disease. The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately 252,710 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer each year and tragically 40,500 will lose their fight. No doubt, these numbers are sobering and worthy of our collective attention. The good news is that many women in the community are fighting back. There are many preventative measures you can take to help reduce your risk of breast cancer, such as adopting a healthy lifestyle that includes exercise, a balanced diet and maintaining a healthy weight. According to the American Institute for Cancer Research, a live food diet filled with plenty of vegetables, fruits and legumes can reduce the risk of certain cancers. Fresh fruits and vegetables (like those found in Living Juice's organic, cold-pressed juices) contain vitamins and minerals that strengthen our immune system and are a good source of phytochemicals, compounds that may protect healthy cells from carcinogens. Researchers have also linked fiber to a reduced risk of cancer. Vegetables such as organic broccoli, corn or leafy greens like kale provide one to five grams of fiber per cup as do fruits such as figs, apples, blackberries, prunes and pears. Eating a wide variety of colorful fruits and vegetables, and supplementing your diet with organic, cold-pressed juices by O2 Living, will help ensure that you are getting the recommended daily servings. Keep in mind there is no single miracle food that will protect you against cancer. The foremost way to arm yourself against cancer is to adopt a healthy lifestyle. Be sure to exercise, get plenty of rest, reduce stress, and keep your immune system strong by eating healthy nutrient-rich live foods. At O2 Living, home of Living Health and Wellness, we are building a community for healthy living around these very same principles and are dedicated to a lifestyle, philosophy, and culture of health and wellness. This mission is exemplified in our hemp extract and hormone products, made with health in mind. We're living in a stressful time. COVID-19 has disrupted life as we know it, and some of us may be dealing with added fear and anxiety around the unknown and uncertainty about the disease. Whether you are concerned for your own health or the health of others, the stress can be overwhelming at times. As May is mental health awareness month, and O2 Living has partnered with the JCK Foundation, we want to share how we are managing our stress during this pandemic. Allergies... We certainly hear that word a lot today. It is estimated that 50 million Americans suffer with some form of allergy, placing it on the top of the list of medical ailments. So what actually causes allergies and why do allergies appear to be on the rise?

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Many times at our Public Observing sessions I hear questions asked about the most visible object in the night sky, the Moon. Our guests ask questions like: - “What is that peak in the middle of the crater and how was it formed?” - “What are those bright streaks on the Moon and where do they come from?” - “What are the dark areas and what are they called?” - “What are those long things that look like ditches or roads?” Have any of you ever been asked any of these questions or others? As amateur astronomers we should know some lunar basics, after all our motto is “Expanding horizons through education and observation.” Many times I have been asked questions that I didn’t know the answer to, but I was determined I would have an answer the next time I was asked. I have the telescopes and equipment for the “Observing” part of the motto, but the “Education” that was a different matter and I felt I was lacking in that regard. The AL Lunar Certification program helped me gain the answers and confidence I needed to answer their questions. I am happy to say there are a number of members interested in the Lunar Certification program. I am thrilled that we have so many members now participating. I would like to pass on to those members some web sites and information that would be helpful. - http://moonbook.hkas.org.hk – The Moon book has files in PDF format that can be down loaded and printed for use in the field. - http://www.inconstantmoon.com/atlas.htm – The Moon is an object that is visible to us for quite a few days out of the month. The fact that you may live in a light polluted area makes viewing the lunar surface even more desirable. The program gives you a number of ways to observe the Moon with binoculars, telescope or just naked eye viewing. The key is to pay attention to the age of the Moon in relation to the time of the month. An example would be “4 day old Moon” or “14 day old Moon.” These timetables give you the best opportunity to utilize the shadows of the formations for better viewing. Just think, here you have an object that duplicates most of the surface structure you see on many planets and minor planets. If you look at the various structures on Mars for example a lot of those same formations are on the lunar surface. Our study and understanding of the lunar formations and how they came to be is the same scientific study that professional astronomers are undertaking as they study Mars and other minor planets with more powerful equipment. Our earth because of its atmosphere and ever changing landscape makes it tough to see or study any of the impact craters of our own planet. I urge all of you to join in with us and not only reap the rewards of viewing the many formations on the Moon but to understand how those formations came to be and the ability to give explanations to other individuals. So the next time you are asked a question about a formation on the Moon you will have the understanding and confidence to answer their questions. If you have any questions you can email us at [email protected] and we will be glad to help in any way. We look forward to observing with you. Want to Make a Donation? If you would like to help support NEFAS, but don't wish to become a member, you may use the button below to make a one-time contribution of $5. Thank you in advance for your contribution. Florida REGISTRATION#: CH71934 A COPY OF THE OFFICIAL REGISTRATION AND FINANCIAL INFORMATION MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE DIVISION OF CONSUMER SERVICES BY CALLING TOLL-FREE (800-435- 7352) WITHIN THE STATE. REGISTRATION DOES NOT IMPLY ENDORSEMENT, APPROVAL, OR RECOMMENDATION BY THE STATE.

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