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Arctic icemelt is a natural cycle.
As well as the regular seasonal cycle there has been an underlying trend of declining sea ice in the Arctic in recent decades.
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(Koch Industries) is among the worst in toxic air pollution in the entire United States ... and churns out more climate-changing greenhouse gases than oil giants Chevron, Shell and Valero.
Solar physicist Dean Pesnell of the Goddard Space Flight Center came to the following conclusion: "We're experiencing a very deep solar minimum."
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While transient weather variability is playing a key role here, the widespread record warmth across the U.S. so far this year is part of a long-term trend toward more warm temperature records versus cold ones.
The corals could then overgrow the submerged hills, to form the present cays and reefs.
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but Antarctica is losing land ice at an accelerating rate, which has implications for sea level rise.
However scientists have found that ice is being lost, and at an accelerating rate.
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Rather than 100 years of unprecedented global warming as predicted by IPCC, the global temperatures have leveled off and we seem to be heading for cooler weather."
Carbon dioxide is of greatest concern because it exerts a larger overall warming influence than all of these other gases combined and because it has a long atmospheric lifetime (hundreds to thousands of years).
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A subsequent study by Dessler (2011) found that Spencer's paper was not a test of climate sensitivity or feedbacks, and his assumptions do not match empirical observational data.
As a result of the state's strong environmental movement, California has some of the most aggressive renewable energy goals in the United States, with a target for California to obtain a third of its electricity from renewables by 2020.
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Polar bear numbers are increasing.
Of the 19 recognized polar bear subpopulations, one is in decline, two are increasing, seven are stable, and nine have insufficient data, as of 2017.
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Since 1965, more parts of the U.S. have seen a decrease in flooding than have seen an increase.
Climate change also increases droughts and heat waves that inhibit plant growth, which makes it uncertain whether this balancing feedback will persist in the future.
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"a paper...in Science magazine concludes that the climate sensitivity—how much the earth’s average temperature will rise as a result of a doubling of the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide—likely (that is, with a 66% probability) lies in the range 1.7°C to 2.6°C, with a median value of 2.3°C.
The net loss in volume and hence sea level contribution of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) has doubled in recent years from 90 km3 (22 cu mi) per year in 1996 to 220 km3 (53 cu mi) per year in 2005.
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We found [ U.S. weather ] stations located next to the exhaust fans of air conditioning units, surrounded by asphalt parking lots and roads, on blistering-hot rooftops, and near sidewalks and buildings that absorb and radiate heat.
A third, the Stanford station, located beside Alma Street at Embarcadero Road, is used for occasional sports events ( generally football ) at Stanford Stadium.
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The amount of warming caused by the anthropogenic increase in atmospheric CO2 may be one of the most misunderstood subjects in climate science.
How do we know more CO2 is causing warming?.
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90 per cent of the world's coral reefs will disappear in the next 35 years due to coral bleaching induced by global warming, pollution and over-development.
During this time, over 70 percent of the coral reefs around the world have become damaged.
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Harvard study finds that wind turbines create MORE global warming than the fossil fuels they eliminate
A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunications signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth.
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The long term warming trend indicates the total energy in the Earth's climate system is increasing due to an energy imbalance.
The monsoon accounts for 80% of the rainfall in India[citation needed].
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Through decades of research, it has become clear that human civilization, roughly 6,000 years old, developed during an unusually stable period for global sea levels.
Agriculture and sedentary lifestyle led to the emergence of early civilizations ( the development of urban development, complex society, social stratification and writing ) from about 5,000 years ago ( the Bronze Age ), first beginning in Mesopotamia.
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President Hilda Heine has told reporters that longtime residents are leaving the Marshall Islands because climate change is threatening the nation’s existence.”
According to the president of Nauru, the Marshall Islands are the most endangered nation in the world due to flooding from climate change.
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For decades, most scientists saw climate change as a distant prospect.
Decades of scientific research have shown that climate can change from both natural and anthropogenic causes.
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We didn't have global warming during the Industrial Revolution.
The term is also used within the context of global warming to describe sudden climate change that is detectable over the time-scale of a human lifetime, possibly as the result of feedback loops within the climate system.
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The news of expanding Antarctic sea ice stole headlines from global warming alarmists who asserted Arctic sea ice had reached its lowest extent since 1979.'
The net change is a slight increase in the area of sea ice in the Antarctic seas ( unlike the Arctic Ocean, which is showing a much stronger decrease in the area of sea ice ).
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Never mind that the emissions of carbon dioxide to make and maintain a wind or solar industrial complex are far greater than they will ever save.
The largest and most long term effect of coal use is the release of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that causes climate change and global warming.
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Stress from unusually warm ocean water heated by man-made climate change and the natural El Niño climate pattern caused the die-off.
In 1998, 16% of the world's reefs died as a result of increased water temperature.
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Weather Channel co-founder John Coleman provided evidence that convincingly refutes the concept of anthropogenic global warming.
He has called global warming the greatest scam in history and made numerous false or misleading claims about climate science.
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After the 9/11 terrorist attacks grounded commercial air traffic, "there was a temperature drop while the airplanes weren't flying, for the week afterwards."
Although CFCs are greenhouse gases, they are regulated by the Montreal Protocol, which was motivated by CFCs' contribution to ozone depletion rather than by their contribution to global warming.
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For example, geothermal energy is available at all times, concentrated solar thermal energy has storage capability, and wind energy can be stored in compressed air.
He is best known as the author of Why We Disagree About Climate Change published in 2009 by Cambridge University Press and which was named by The Economist in December 2009 as one of their four Books of Year for science and technology.
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The worsening of tidal flooding in American coastal communities is largely a consequence of greenhouse gases from human activity, and the problem will grow far worse in coming decades, scientists reported Monday.
Both the Greenland ice sheet and Antarctica have tipping points for warming levels that could be reached before the end of the 21st century.
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The claim that 97 percent of scientists believe humans are causing climate change has been debunked by the head of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
( i ) 97–98% of the climate researchers most actively publishing in the field support the tenets of ACC ( Anthropogenic Climate Change ) outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and ( ii ) the relative climate expertise and scientific prominence of the researchers unconvinced of ACC are substantially below that of the convinced researchers.
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if we halved today’s atmospheric carbon dioxide content, all life would die.
The largest and most long term effect of coal use is the release of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that causes climate change and global warming.
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There is ample evidence that Earth's average temperature has increased in the past 100 years and the decline of mid- and high-latitude glaciers is a major piece of evidence.
The history of the Himalayas broadly fits the long-term decrease in Earth's average temperature since the mid-Eocene, 40 million years ago.
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Benny Peiser conducted a search of peer-reviewed literature on the ISI Web of Science database between 1993 and 2003.
Physical evidence shows that the variation in Earth's climate is much more extreme than the variation in the intensity of solar radiation calculated as the Earth's orbit evolves.
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"In fact global warming has stopped and a cooling is beginning.
The largest human influence has been the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.
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Ocean acidification is the terrifying threat whereby all that man-made CO2 we’ve been pumping into the atmosphere may react with the sea to form a sort of giant acid bath.
With the production of CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels, oceans are becoming more acidic since CO2 dissolves in water and forms the acidic bicarbonate ion.
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Arctic sea ice has been retreating over the past 30 years.
As the sea ice melts, its surface area shrinks, diminishing the size of the reflective surface and therefore causing the earth to absorb more of the sun's heat.
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IPCC graph showing accelerating trends is misleading
This was the basis of a schematic diagram featured in the IPCC First Assessment Report beside cautions that the medieval warming might not have been global.
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"There are many urgent priorities that need the attention of Congress, and it is not for me as an invited guest in your country to say what they are.
Over time, drought and wildfires have become more frequent challenges.
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an airplane is contributing to the emissions that put the frozen continent at risk.
Like landfill gas, biogas is mostly methane and carbon dioxide, with small amounts of nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen.
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Cloud cover in models is poorly treated and inaccurately predicted.
Such approaches are meant to predict a phenomenon.
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( 2009 ) have demonstrated recently – the upper troposphere ( the only place where adding CO2 to the atmosphere could make any difference to temperature ) is considerably drier than the models are tuned to expect.
In 2010, astronomers imaged the GRS in the far infrared ( from 8.5 to 24 μm ) with a spatial resolution higher than ever before and found that its central, reddest region is warmer than its surroundings by between 3–4 K. The warm airmass is located in the upper troposphere in the pressure range of 200–500 mbar.
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In particular, PMOD alters the data from the Nimbus7 / ERB record from 1989 to 1991.
These arise from the fact that ACRIM uses the original TSI results published by the satellite experiment teams while PMOD significantly modifies some results to conform them to specific TSI proxy models.
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Ice cap is disappearing far more rapidly than previously estimated, and is part of a long-term trend, new research shows
This trend could be extrapolated to continue into the future, possibly leading to a full ice age, but the twentieth-century instrumental temperature record shows a sudden reversal of this trend, with a rise in global temperatures attributed to greenhouse gas emissions.
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[ Ice ] is expanding in much of Antarctica, contrary to the widespread public belief that global warming is melting the continental ice cap.
The amount of surface warming in West Antarctica, while large, has not led to appreciable melting at the surface, and is not directly affecting the West Antarctic Ice Sheet's contribution to sea level.
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A fast transition away from fossil fuels in the next few decades could be enough to put off rapid sea-level rise for centuries.
Occupational CO 2 exposure limits have been set in the United States at 0.5% (5000 ppm) for an eight-hour period.
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The Alaskan tundra is warming so quickly it has become a net emitter of carbon dioxide ahead of schedule, a new study finds
One potential source of abrupt climate change would be the rapid release of methane and carbon dioxide from permafrost, which would amplify global warming.
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Doubling the concentration of atmospheric CO2 from its pre-industrial level, in the absence of other forcings and feedbacks, would likely cause a warming of ~0.3A°C to 1.1A°C
Without feedbacks the radiative forcing of approximately 3.7 W / m2, due to doubling CO 2 from the pre-industrial 280 ppm, would eventually result in roughly 1 °C global warming.
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the models predicted seven times as much warming as has been observed
Over 99.99% of climate scientists did not reject AGW in their peer-reviewed research.
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When the Earth comes out of an ice age, the warming is not initiated by CO2 but by changes in the Earth's orbit.
"Estimating Changes in Global Temperature since the Preindustrial Period".
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The unusual heat was most noteworthy in Europe, which had its warmest April on record, and Australia, which had its second-warmest.
The changes in temperature have been associated with increasing concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) and other GHGs in the atmosphere."
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The planet's average surface temperature has risen about 1.62 degrees Fahrenheit ( 0.9 degrees Celsius ) since the late 19th century, a change driven largely by increased carbon dioxide and other human-made emissions into the atmosphere.
The highest air temperature ever measured on Earth was 56.7 °C ( 134.1 °F ) in Furnace Creek, California, in Death Valley, in 1913.
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Plants need almost three times today’s carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere to thrive.
In a 2009 interview, Wyatt said, "We've incorporated elements from Conquest of the Planet of the Apes, in terms of how the apes begin to revolt, but this is primarily a prequel to the 1968 film...Caesar is a revolutionary figure who will be talked about by his fellow apes for centuries...This is just the first step in the evolution of the apes, and there's a lot more stories to tell after this.
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The IPCC simply updated their temperature history graphs to show the best data available at the time.
This was the basis of a schematic diagram featured in the IPCC First Assessment Report beside cautions that the medieval warming might not have been global.
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Whether Antarctic mass loss keeps worsening depends on choices made today
All datasets generally show an acceleration of mass loss from the Antarctic ice-sheet, but with year-to-year variations.
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However, it is unable to explain the long term warming trend over the past few decades.
This long-term trend is the main cause for the record warmth of 2015 and 2016, surpassing all previous years—even ones with strong El Nino events.
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The earth is 15 years from a “mini ice-age” that will cause bitterly cold winters during which rivers such as the Thames freeze over, scientists have predicted.
For example, bicycling reduces greenhouse gas emissions while reducing the effects of a sedentary lifestyle at the same time.
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Jupiter's climate change is due to shifts in internal turbulence fueled from an internal heat source - the planet radiates twice as much energy as it receives from the sun.
Jupiter's low axial tilt means that the poles constantly receive less solar radiation than at the planet's equatorial region.
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As president, Obama will immediately close the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet, which experts say funneled floodwater into New Orleans.
Many regions have probably already seen increases in warm spells and heat waves, and it is virtually certain that these changes will continue over the 21st century.
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The answer lies in the summer’s record-breaking heat, say wildfire experts.
"The rate of sea-level rise".
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Data from NOAA’s Barrow Alaska station ‘indicate that October through December emissions of CO2 from surrounding tundra increased by 73 percent since 1975, supporting the view that rising temperatures have made Arctic ecosystems a net source of CO2.’”
Glaciology (from Latin: glacies, "frost, ice", and Ancient Greek: λόγος, logos, "subject matter"; literally "study of ice") is the scientific study of glaciers, or more generally ice and natural phenomena that involve ice.
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Together, these two unaltered [ sea level ] datasets indicate that global mean sea level trend has remained stable over the entire period 1992-2007, altogether eliminating the apparent 3.2 mm / year rate of sea-level rise arising from the “adjusted” data.
Data collected by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation ( CSIRO ) in Australia show the current global mean sea level trend to be 3.2 mm ( 0.13 in ) per year, a doubling of the rate during the 20th century.
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Greenhouse gases have been the main contributor of warming since 1970.
In the scientific literature, there is an overwhelming consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused mainly by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases.
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There have long been claims that some unspecificed "they" has "changed the name from 'global warming' to 'climate change'".
His 1861 paper proposed changing concentrations of these gases could have caused "all the mutations of climate which the researches of geologists reveal" and would explain ice age changes.
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President-elect Trump has selected a climate change skeptic to head the team in charge of the transition between Obama and Trump's Environmental Protection Agencies.
Soon after the election, he was appointed chairman of President-elect Trump's transition team.
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Climate change isn't increasing extreme weather damage costs.
"A sea ice free summer Arctic within 30 years?".
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global warming ceased around the end of the twentieth century and was followed ( since 1997 ) by 19 years of stable temperature.
An example of such an episode is the slower rate of surface temperature increase from 1998 to 2012, which was dubbed the global warming hiatus.
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Every part of the Earth's climate system has continued warming since 1998, with 2015 shattering temperature records.
It is likely that anthropogenic (i.e., human-induced) warming, such as that due to elevated greenhouse gas levels, has had a discernible influence on many physical and biological systems.
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An area of coastal ecosystems larger than New York City is destroyed every year, removing an important buffer from extreme weather for coastal communities and releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Furthermore, as algal blooms die, CO2 is produced, causing a more acidic environment, a process known as acidification.
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If sea levels rise six feet due to climate change, Waterplace Park in Providence and Wickford village would be swamped
"Supplying Baseload Power and Reducing Transmission Requirements by Interconnecting Wind Farms" (PDF).
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A recent essay in Scientific American argued that scientists “tend to underestimate the severity of threats and the rapidity with which they might unfold” and said one of the reasons was “the perceived need for consensus.”
Further criticism stems from the fact that the phrase intelligent design makes use of an assumption of the quality of an observable intelligence, a concept that has no scientific consensus definition.
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We note that the Earth has never in its history had a quasi-stable state that is around 2C warmer than the preindustrial and suggest that there is substantial risk that the system, itself, will ‘want’ to continue warming because of all of these other processes – even if we stop emissions,” she said.
Lately, the temperature criterion has fallen out of the definition across the United States Bomb cyclone – A rapid deepening of a mid-latitude cyclonic low-pressure area, typically occurring over the ocean, but can occur over land.
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South Australia is winning : it has the most unreliable grid in the world outside Africa and the most expensive electricity.
FactCheck : does South Australia have the 'highest energy prices' in the nation and 'the least reliable grid'?.
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Adapting to global warming is cheaper than preventing it.
Eat less meat to avoid dangerous global warming, scientists say.
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The main greenhouse gas is water vapour[ … ]
Similar issues apply to other greenhouse gases, many of which have longer mean lifetimes than CO 2, e.g.
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Underground temperatures control climate.
The semi-major axis of Pluto's orbit varies between about 39.3 and 39.6 au with a period of about 19,951 years, corresponding to an orbital period varying between 246 and 249 years.
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But we do have other reliable indicators of temperatures before the late 1800s, and the evidence shows temperatures have been warmer than today for most of the past several thousand years, including warmer-than-present temperatures for most of the human civilization time period
It is likely that anthropogenic (i.e., human-induced) warming, such as that due to elevated greenhouse gas levels, has had a discernible influence on many physical and biological systems.
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The sea level was 20 to 30 feet higher than it is today, implying that the ice sheets in both Greenland and Antarctica must have partly disintegrated, a warning of what could occur in the relatively near future if the heating of the planet continues unchecked.”
On the other hand, one 1999 comparison between urban and rural areas proposed that urban heat island effects have little influence on global mean temperature trends.
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The sun has shown no long term trend since 1950 and in fact has shown a slight cooling trend in recent decades.
Orbital forcing from cycles in the earth's orbit around the sun has, for the past 2,000 years, caused a long-term northern hemisphere cooling trend that continued through the Middle Ages and the Little Ice Age.
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A South African paper has found a 21 year cycle synchronous with the solar cycle (Alexander 2007).
The lowest temperature ever recorded on Earth was 180 K (−89.2 °C, −128.6 °F) in Antarctica.
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We know the Northwest Passage had been open before."
Serum creatinine is measured to assess for the presence of kidney disease, which can be either the cause or the result of hypertension.
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No one ever says it, but in many ways global warming will be a good thing
Even if the current and future projected human effects on Earth's climate are not negligible, the changes are generally going to be good for us.
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The trend in CO2 at Mauna Loa is practically identical to the global trend because CO2 mixes well throughout the atmosphere.
The world watched the events of the Arab Spring unfold, "gripped by the narrative of a young generation peacefully rising up against oppressive authoritarianism to secure a more democratic political system and a brighter economic future."
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“Today climate scientists are obsessed with the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, a very very small part of the overall picture.
At the global level, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping greenhouse gases have increased sharply since the Industrial Revolution.
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This means that the world is now 1C warmer than it was in pre-industrial times
Recurring droughts leading to desertification in East Africa have created grave ecological catastrophes, prompting food shortages in 1984–85, 2006 and 2011.
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The Little Ice Age ended as recently as 1850.
Fossil-fueled power plants, which wind turbines generally require to make up for their weather dependent intermittency, kill almost 20 times as many birds per gigawatt hour (GWh) of electricity according to Sovacool.
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The warmer the planet gets, the more ozone forms, and by mid-century, Americans will likely suffer a 70 percent increase in unhealthy ozone smog, the National Center for Atmospheric Research has projected.
Reductions of up to 70 percent in the ozone column observed in the austral ( southern hemispheric ) spring over Antarctica and first reported in 1985 ( Farman et al. )
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18 proxies tell us the world was the same or warmer 1,000 years ago.
Such impacts include increased coastal erosion, higher storm-surge flooding, inhibition of primary production processes, more extensive coastal inundation, changes in surface water quality and groundwater characteristics, increased loss of property and coastal habitats, increased flood risk and potential loss of life, loss of non-monetary cultural resources and values, impacts on agriculture and aquaculture through decline in soil and water quality, and loss of tourism, recreation, and transportation functions.
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the climate models have overestimated the amount of global warming and failed to predict what climatologists call the warming ‘hiatus’
The 2017 United States-published National Climate Assessment notes that climate models may still be underestimating or missing relevant feedback processes.
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[S]unspot activity on the surface of our star has dropped to a new low.
Global warming refers to the long-term rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system.
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Climate change is normal and continual.
Improvements in existing plants reduced steel-industry energy consumption from 73.8 million tons of coal in 1978 to 69.1 million tons in 1983, and production increased by 26 percent.
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Volcanoes Melting West Antarctic Glaciers, Not Global Warming
Previous interglacials such as the Eemian phase created temperatures higher than today, higher sea levels, and some partial melting of the West Antarctic ice sheet.
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Ironic' study finds more CO2 has slightly cooled the planet
Studies of the Vostok ice core show that at the "beginning of the deglaciations, the CO 2 increase either was in phase or lagged by less than ~1000 years with respect to the Antarctic temperature, whereas it clearly lagged behind the temperature at the onset of the glaciations".
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Domino-effect of climate events could move Earth into a ‘hothouse’ state
Domino-effect of climate events could push Earth into a 'hothouse' state.
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The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have decreased in mass.
From about 11 million years ago to 10 million years ago, the Greenland Ice Sheet was greatly reduced in size.
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As a result, the planet as a whole is becoming less reflective and absorbing more sunlight, which is accelerating global warming.
"Arctic Permafrost Is Going Through a Rapid Meltdown — 70 Years Early".
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the cascading effects of climate change contributed to the rise of ISIS.
Sirius's heliacal rising, just before the start of the Nile flood, gave Sopdet a close connection with the flood and the resulting growth of plants.
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“…climate change will also reduce the number of cold days and cold spells.
Temperature-related changes include longer growing season, more heatwaves and fewer cold spells, thawing permafrost, earlier river ice break-up, earlier spring runoff, and earlier budding of trees.
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Global warming is causing snow to disappear.
Global warming has led to decades of shrinking and thinning of the Arctic sea ice, making it vulnerable to atmospheric anomalies.
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They changed the name from 'global warming' to 'climate change'.
They tend to occur when Mars is closest to the Sun, and have been shown to increase the global temperature.
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until temperature increases began to slow down after 1998 and remained relatively stable for a period of 15 years
Throughout this period ocean heat storage continued to progress steadily upwards, and in subsequent years surface temperatures have spiked upwards.
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[T]he overwhelming majority of peer-reviewed studies  [find] that CO2 in the atmosphere remained there a short time.
Andrew Dessler published a paper which found errors in Lindzen and Choi 2011, and concluded that the observations it had presented "are not in fundamental disagreement with mainstream climate models, nor do they provide evidence that clouds are causing climate change.
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The Obama administration's own Environmental Protection Agency has said its Clean Power Plan will have a marginal impact on climate change.
According to the EPA fact sheet on the Clean Power Plan, climate change is responsible for everything from stronger storms to longer droughts and increased insurance premiums, food prices and allergy seasons.
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In fact, human emit 26 gigatonnes of CO2 per year while CO2 in the atmosphere is rising by only 15 gigatonnes per year - much of human CO2 emissions is being absorbed by natural sinks.
Human activities emit about 29 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year, while volcanoes emit between 0.2 and 0.3 billion tons.
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“Healthy societies do not fall apart over slow, widely predicted, relatively small economic adjustments of the sort painted by climate analysis.
GHG emissions due to anthropogenic ( human ) activity are the dominant cause of observed global warming ( climate change ) since the mid-20th century.
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