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Antigua and Barbuda at the 2014 Commonwealth Games Antigua and Barbuda competed in the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland from 23 July to 3 August 2014. Aquatics Swimming Men Women Athletics Men Women Track and road events Field events Boxing Men Cycling Road Men Women Track Points Race Pursuit Scratch Shooting Full bore rifle Open Swimming Men Women References Category:Nations at the 2014 Commonwealth Games Category:Antigua and Barbuda at the Commonwealth Games Category:2014 in Antigua and Barbuda sport

The present invention relates to network data packet management, and more specifically to memory management of high performance devices that receive network data packets and store the packets in DMA mapped buffers. DMA memory buffers are direct memory access buffers that are accessed by the device, for example, by the network protocol, instead of the CPU. DMA memory buffers are limited and predetermined, in some instances by the device driver or network protocol. Once data packets are stored in DMA memory, the DMA memory can not be reused to receive newer incoming data packets. Lack of available DMA memory available to receive incoming data packets may lead to data packets being dropped. Dropped data packets can result in retransmissions of incoming data packets which may cause congestion in the network. Copying contents of DMA memory to non-DMA memory will make DMA memory available to receive incoming data packets. The overhead of copying memory is expensive and may slow down transfer rates between communicating applications.

name: "LeNet" layer { name: "data" type: "Input" top: "data" input_param { shape: { dim: 64 dim: 1 dim: 28 dim: 28 } } } layer { name: "conv1" type: "Convolution" bottom: "data" top: "conv1" param { lr_mult: 1 } param { lr_mult: 2 } convolution_param { num_output: 20 kernel_size: 5 stride: 1 weight_filler { type: "xavier" } bias_filler { type: "constant" } } } layer { name: "pool1" type: "Pooling" bottom: "conv1" top: "pool1" pooling_param { pool: MAX kernel_size: 2 stride: 2 } } layer { name: "conv2" type: "Convolution" bottom: "pool1" top: "conv2" param { lr_mult: 1 } param { lr_mult: 2 } convolution_param { num_output: 50 kernel_size: 5 stride: 1 weight_filler { type: "xavier" } bias_filler { type: "constant" } } } layer { name: "pool2" type: "Pooling" bottom: "conv2" top: "pool2" pooling_param { pool: MAX kernel_size: 2 stride: 2 } } layer { name: "ip1" type: "InnerProduct" bottom: "pool2" top: "ip1" param { lr_mult: 1 } param { lr_mult: 2 } inner_product_param { num_output: 500 weight_filler { type: "xavier" } bias_filler { type: "constant" } } } layer { name: "relu1" type: "ReLU" bottom: "ip1" top: "ip1" } layer { name: "ip2" type: "InnerProduct" bottom: "ip1" top: "ip2" param { lr_mult: 1 } param { lr_mult: 2 } inner_product_param { num_output: 10 weight_filler { type: "xavier" } bias_filler { type: "constant" } } } layer { name: "prob" type: "Softmax" bottom: "ip2" top: "prob" }

Chronic granulocytic leukemia in a dog. A 4-year-old spayed dog had a recent history of increased WBC count and surgery for pyometra. Two weeks after surgery, WBC count was 57,640 cells/microliter; neutrophilia and immature myelocytic cells were detected. Histologic examination of liver and lymph node biopsy specimens revealed active granulopoiesis. Immature granulocytes that stained with chloroacetate esterase were evident. Bone marrow was excessively cellular and contained numerous granulocytes and blast cells. A diagnosis of chronic granulocytic leukemia was made on the basis of test results. Treatment with hydroxyurea returned the WBC count to reference range within 2 months. Mean survival time for dogs with chronic granulocytic leukemia is approximately 1 year; the dog of this report has remained healthy for more than 2 years. Chronic granulocytic leukemia is a rare neoplastic disease that must be differentiated from leukemoid inflammatory reactions. Although commonly described as a diagnosis determined by exclusion, diagnosis of chronic granulocytic leukemia should be made on the basis of specific criteria.

Erosion of implants in retinal detachment surgery. We analyzed erosion of intrascleral implants in 728 eyes that underwent scleral buckling procedures for retinal detachment surgery over the past 25 years. Types of implants included polyethylene tubes, solid silicone implants with and without silicone circling bands, and gelatin implants. The use of solid silicone implants and circling bands rather than polyethylene tubes has greatly reduced, but not eliminated, the problem of erosion. Erosion occurred in 62.3% of eyes with polyethylene tubes and in 3.8% of eyes with solid silicone implants with silicone circling bands. Factors associated with erosion included thin sclera, multiple operations, and glaucoma. Complications resulting from erosion were subretinal and vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and phthisis bulbi. Erosion is a problem that may appear up to 21 years after the scleral buckling procedure. The great number of retinal detachment repairs performed over the past 25 years make erosion of the intrascleral implant a concern of ophthalmologists today and a continued problem for the future.

2016 IL 119518 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS (Docket No. 119518) MICHAEL RICHTER et al., Appellees, v. PRAIRIE FARMS DAIRY, INC., Appellant. Opinion filed May 19, 2016. JUSTICE FREEMAN delivered the judgment of the court, with opinion. Chief Justice Garman and Justices Thomas, Kilbride, Karmeier, Burke, and Theis concurred in the judgment and opinion. OPINION ¶1 Following a voluntary dismissal, plaintiffs, Michael Richter and Denise Richter, doing business as Rich-Lane Farms, refiled their civil action against defendant, Prairie Farms Dairy, Inc. The circuit court of Macoupin County dismissed the refiled action pursuant to section 2-619 of the Code of Civil Procedure on the grounds of res judicata and the statute of limitations. 735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(4), (a)(5) (West 2012). The appellate court reversed and remanded for further proceedings. 2015 IL App (4th) 140613. This court allowed defendant’s petition for leave to appeal. Ill. S. Ct. R. 315 (eff. Jan. 1, 2015). We now affirm the judgment of the appellate court. ¶2 I. BACKGROUND ¶3 The pleadings alleged the following facts, which we accept as true in the context of a dismissal pursuant to section 2-619. See Board of Managers of the Village Centre Condominium Ass’n v. Wilmette Partners, 198 Ill. 2d 132, 134 (2001). Plaintiffs are partners in the business of dairy farming. Defendant is an agricultural cooperative (see 805 ILCS 315/1 et seq. (West 2014)) in the business of producing and supplying dairy products. In August 1980, plaintiffs became members of defendant’s cooperative, paid $15 for shares of defendant’s common stock, and entered into a “Milk Marketing Agreement” with defendant. According to the agreement, plaintiffs would provide defendant with whole milk, which defendant would market and sell. ¶4 In April 2005, plaintiffs temporarily ceased milk production. However, plaintiffs had “hoped and expected to resume production within one year and [had] retained their stock of heifers to enable them to do so.” At that time, defendant’s bylaws provided, in pertinent part, as follows: “Section 8. Termination of Stock Interest. Any common stockholder who ceases to be a producer of agricultural products or who fails to patronize the association for one (1) fiscal year or who violates any provision of the Articles of Incorporation, the Bylaws, or a marketing agreement shall forfeit his right to own Common Stock in this association when evidence of such fact has been presented to the Board of Directors and upon passage of a resolution by the Board finding such to be the fact, immediately thereupon all the rights of such common stockholder shall cease ***. Upon termination of membership, the Board shall redeem the outstanding Common Stock of the terminating member by payment to the member of the actual dollar consideration paid by the member for such Common Stock.” Defendant became aware that plaintiffs temporarily ceased milk production no later than April 30, 2005. ¶5 In an October 2005 letter, defendant notified plaintiffs that it had terminated their agreement and plaintiffs’ membership in the cooperative. The letter contained two alternative reasons for its actions: “You were no longer marketing milk as an active producer of Prairie Farms, as set forth in the By-Laws, at the end of the fiscal year ending 9/30/05,” or “During the current fiscal year, there was a change in the way your membership was recorded in our books (name change, etc.).” Defendant -2-  tendered $15 to plaintiffs to redeem the shares of common stock, but plaintiffs rejected the payment. ¶6 A. Richter I ¶7 In October 2006, plaintiffs filed a three-count complaint against defendant in the circuit court of Madison County. Plaintiffs alleged that they sustained damages as a result of defendant’s termination of their agreement and plaintiffs’ membership in the cooperative. Count I sought shareholder remedies pursuant to section 12.56 of the Business Corporation Act of 1983 (Business Corporation Act) (805 ILCS 5/12.56 (West 2006)). Based on defendant’s alleged concealment, suppression, or omission of its interpretation of section 8 of its bylaws, count II alleged a claim pursuant to the Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act (Consumer Fraud Act) (815 ILCS 505/1 et seq. (West 2006)), and count III alleged common-law fraud. ¶8 Defendant moved to dismiss the complaint, arguing that each count failed to state a claim upon which relief may be granted. See 735 ILCS 5/2-615 (West 2006)). Defendant asked the circuit court to “dismiss Counts I through III of the Complaint with prejudice as a matter of law.” ¶9 On September 26, 2007, the circuit court ruled on defendant’s motion in a written order, which stated in pertinent part: “Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss as to Counts I, II, and III are heard and argued. Defendant’s motion as to Count I is denied. Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss as to Counts II and III are granted. Plaintiff[s] given leave to file amended complaint within 30 days. Defendant given leave to file response to amended complaint within 30 days after plaintiff’s filing of the same. Defendant to answer Count I within 30 day[s] of [today’s] order.” -3-  On October 24, 2007, plaintiffs moved for an extension of time to file an amended complaint. On November 28, 2007, the circuit court granted plaintiffs an extension of 120 days. However, plaintiffs never filed an amended complaint. Instead, the case proceeded on plaintiffs’ sole remaining claim for shareholder remedies pursuant to the Business Corporation Act as stated in count I. ¶ 10 In June 2011, the circuit court allowed plaintiffs’ attorney to withdraw. The court stayed discovery deadlines and granted plaintiffs a continuance to find new counsel. In November 2011, plaintiffs’ current attorney entered his appearance. Beginning in February 2012, plaintiffs sought extensions of time to comply with discovery requests. On July 13, 2012, the court granted plaintiffs 30 days to disclose additional experts. On August 13, 2012, plaintiffs moved for a two-week extension to disclose expert witnesses. On September 7, 2012, the court denied plaintiffs’ request for a continuance. Plaintiffs then moved to voluntarily dismiss their lawsuit without prejudice, which the court granted pursuant to section 2-1009 of the Code of Civil Procedure (735 ILCS 5/2-1009 (West 2012)). ¶ 11 B. Richter II ¶ 12 On September 6, 2013, plaintiffs filed their four-count complaint. Count I sought shareholder remedies. Based on defendant’s alleged concealment, suppression, or omission of its interpretation of section 8 of its bylaws, count II alleged misrepresentation, and count III alleged common-law fraud. Count IV alleged that defendant’s directors or officers breached their fiduciary duty owed to plaintiffs. In December 2013, the circuit court of Madison County granted defendant’s motion to transfer venue to Macoupin County. ¶ 13 In February 2014, defendant filed a combined motion to dismiss Richter II with prejudice. See 735 ILCS 5/2-619.1 (West 2012). Defendant contended, inter alia, that the doctrine of res judicata barred plaintiffs’ claims in Richter II and, alternatively, that the five-year statute of limitations (see 735 ILCS 5/13-205 (West 2012)) barred plaintiffs’ claims for misrepresentation, fraud, and breach of fiduciary duty. In June 2014, following a hearing, the circuit court of Macoupin County granted defendant’s motion to dismiss Richter II based on res judicata and the statute of limitations. 735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(4), (a)(5) (West 2012). -4- ¶ 14 Plaintiffs appealed. The appellate court held that the doctrine of res judicata did not bar plaintiffs from filing Richter II. The court recognized that one of the requirements for res judicata to apply was a final judgment on the merits. 2015 IL App (4th) 140613, ¶ 23. The court concluded that the circuit court’s order dismissing the fraud counts in Richter I was not a final order. Id. ¶ 26. Thus, the doctrine of res judicata did not bar plaintiffs from refiling their action. Id. ¶ 36. The appellate court also held that the five-year statute of limitations (735 ILCS 5/13-205 (West 2012)) did not bar Richter II. The court agreed with plaintiffs that the limitations savings statute (735 ILCS 5/13-217 (West 1994)) permitted the refiled action. 2015 IL App (4th) 140613, ¶¶ 37-42. The appellate court reversed the dismissal and remanded the case to the circuit court for further proceedings. Id. ¶ 46. ¶ 15 Defendant appeals to this court. We granted the Illinois Association of Defense Trial Counsel leave to submit an amicus curiae brief in support of defendant. We also granted the Illinois Trial Lawyers Association leave to submit an amicus curiae brief in support of plaintiffs. Ill. S. Ct. R. 345 (eff. Sept. 20, 2010). Additional pertinent background will be discussed in the context of our analysis of the issues. ¶ 16 II. ANALYSIS ¶ 17 Defendant contends that the appellate court erred in reversing the circuit court’s section 2-619 dismissal of Richter II. Defendant argues that Richter II was barred by (A) the doctrine of res judicata, (B) the rule against claim-splitting, (C) the statute of limitations, and (D) the equitable doctrine of laches. ¶ 18 A section 2-619 motion provides for the involuntary dismissal of a cause of action based on certain defects or defenses. 735 ILCS 5/2-619 (West 2012). In ruling on the motion, the circuit court must interpret all pleadings and supporting documents in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party. Porter v. Decatur Memorial Hospital, 227 Ill. 2d 343, 352 (2008); Borowiec v. Gateway 2000, Inc., 209 Ill. 2d 376, 383 (2004). A section 2-619 motion to dismiss presents a question of law, which we review de novo. In re Estate of Boyar, 2013 IL 113655, ¶ 27; Robinson v. Toyota Motor Credit Corp., 201 Ill. 2d 403, 411 (2002). -5- ¶ 19 A. Res Judicata ¶ 20 Defendant contends that the circuit court correctly dismissed Richter II pursuant to section 2-619(a)(4) of the Code of Civil Procedure, which provides for dismissal where the action “is barred by a prior judgment.” 735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(4) (West 2012). This provision allows a defendant to raise the affirmative defense of res judicata. Morris B. Chapman & Associates, Ltd. v. Kitzman, 193 Ill. 2d 560, 565 (2000). ¶ 21 The doctrine of res judicata provides that a final judgment on the merits rendered by a court of competent jurisdiction bars a subsequent action between the same parties or their privies involving the same cause of action. The bar extends not only to what was actually decided in the prior action, but also to those matters that could have been decided. Three requirements must be satisfied for res judicata to apply: (1) a final judgment on the merits rendered by a court of competent jurisdiction, (2) an identity of cause of action, and (3) an identity of parties or their privies. Wilson v. Edward Hospital, 2012 IL 112898, ¶ 9; Hudson v. City of Chicago, 228 Ill. 2d 462, 467 (2008); Rein v. David A. Noyes & Co., 172 Ill. 2d 325, 334-35 (1996). The underlying policy of res judicata is to promote judicial economy by preventing repetitive litigation and to protect a defendant from the harassment of relitigating essentially the same claim. See Hayashi v. Illinois Department of Financial & Professional Regulation, 2014 IL 116023, ¶ 45 (quoting Arvia v. Madigan, 209 Ill. 2d 520, 533 (2004)). ¶ 22 The requirement of a final order or judgment is a “critical” component in showing the applicability of res judicata. Hernandez v. Pritikin, 2012 IL 113054, ¶ 41. A judgment cannot bar a subsequent action unless it is a “final” judgment. Relph v. Board of Education of DePue Unit School District No. 103, 84 Ill. 2d 436, 441 (1981); People ex rel. Scott v. Chicago Park District, 66 Ill. 2d 65, 69 (1976). The party invoking res judicata carries the burden of establishing its applicability. Hernandez, 2012 IL 113054, ¶ 41; Chicago Historical Society v. Paschen, 9 Ill. 2d 378, 382 (1956). ¶ 23 The parties agree that the second and third elements of res judicata have been satisfied. However, the appellate court concluded that the circuit court’s September 2007 dismissal order in Richter I was not a final order, and, consequently, the bar of res judicata did not apply. 2015 IL App (4th) 140613, ¶¶ 26, 36. Before this court, defendant assigns error to this conclusion. Defendant asserts that the dismissal of -6-  plaintiffs’ Consumer Fraud Act and common-law fraud claims in Richter I “became a final order on the merits” when plaintiffs did not amend the complaint, or seek appeal of that dismissal, but rather voluntarily dismissed the action. ¶ 24 To be “final,” a judgment or order must terminate the litigation and fix absolutely the parties’ rights, leaving only enforcement of the judgment. In re Detention of Hardin, 238 Ill. 2d 33, 42-43 (2010); Village of Niles v. Szczesny, 13 Ill. 2d 45, 48 (1958). In determining when a judgment or order is final, one should look to its substance rather than its form. In re J.N., 91 Ill. 2d 122, 128 (1982). Illinois Supreme Court Rule 273 provides: “Unless the order of dismissal or a statute of this State otherwise specifies, an involuntary dismissal of an action, other than a dismissal for lack of jurisdiction, for improper venue, or for failure to join an indispensable party, operates as an adjudication upon the merits.” (Emphasis added.) Ill. S. Ct. R. 273 (eff. Jan. 1, 1967). If a circuit court involuntarily dismisses a plaintiff’s action, other than for one of the rule’s three exceptions, and if the plaintiff does not procure leave of court to refile the complaint or if a statute does not guarantee that opportunity, then Rule 273 deems the dismissal to be on the merits. DeLuna v. Treister, 185 Ill. 2d 565, 575 (1999). However, a dismissal “without prejudice” signals that there was no final decision on the merits and that the plaintiff is not barred from refiling the action. See DeLuna, 185 Ill. 2d at 576; People ex rel. Redd v. Mulholland, 134 Ill. App. 3d 929, 930-31 (1985). ¶ 25 The Code of Civil Procedure provides that the circuit court may allow amendments to pleadings “[a]t any time before final judgment.” 735 ILCS 5/2-616(a) (West 2012). A dismissal order that grants leave to amend is interlocutory and not final. Palm v. 2800 Lake Shore Drive Condominium Ass’n, 2013 IL 110505, ¶ 21; Old Salem Chautauqua Ass’n v. Illinois District Council of the Assembly of God, 13 Ill. 2d 258, 262 (1958) (stating that order partially striking pleading and granting leave to amend is not final); see Hicks v. Weaver, 255 Ill. App. 3d 650, 652 (1994). An order that dismisses the counts of a complaint, but grants the plaintiff leave to amend, is not “final” because the order does not terminate the litigation between the parties. March v. Miller-Jesser, Inc., 202 Ill. App. 3d 148, 158-59 (1990); Gray v. Starkey, 41 Ill. App. 3d 555, 558 (1976). A dismissal with leave to amend is consequently without prejudice. See Dewan v. Ford Motor Co., 343 Ill. App. 3d 1062, 1070 (2003); Perkins v. Collette, 179 Ill. App. 3d 852, 854 (1989); Redd, 134 Ill. App. 3d at 930-31. Accordingly, for purposes of Rule 273, where a dismissal order does not specify that it is “without prejudice,” or that plaintiff was granted leave to file an amended complaint, the -7-  dismissal order is a final adjudication on the merits. See Kostecki v. Dominick’s Finer Foods, Inc., of Illinois, 361 Ill. App. 3d 362, 373 (2005) (collecting cases). ¶ 26 In Richter I, defendant moved to dismiss the complaint based on insufficient facts alleged in each count. The involuntary dismissal order expressly granted plaintiffs leave to file an amended complaint within 30 days. Hence, there was no “adjudication upon the merits” in Richter I because “the order of dismissal *** otherwise specifie[d]” that plaintiffs had leave to file an amended complaint. Ill. S. Ct. R. 273. See Hernandez, 2012 IL 113054, ¶ 47; Stutzke v. Edwards, 58 Ill. App. 3d 832, 834-35 (1978). ¶ 27 Defendant distinguishes an involuntary dismissal order that grants leave to amend from an involuntary dismissal order that grants leave to amend within a time period. In its brief, defendant argues: “If the leave period ‘otherwise specifie[d]’ by the court expires and no action is taken by the plaintiff, Rule 273 operates to default the involuntary dismissal order to an ‘adjudication on the merits.’ ” We observe that during oral argument, defendant argued that a plaintiff is responsible for the consequences of failing to amend within a prescribed time period because the order is directed to the plaintiff. Indeed, defendant asserted that there was no rule even allowing a defendant to move for a final dismissal order where a dismissal order has a leave-to-amend time period and the plaintiff fails to timely amend. We cannot agree. ¶ 28 Defendant attempts to create an “automatic final judgment” mechanism that would absolve it of any responsibility for this prolonged litigation. However, defendant’s argument overlooks a significant body of case law. Initially, this court has repeatedly recognized the inherent power of the circuit court to review, modify, or vacate interlocutory orders while the court retains jurisdiction over the entire controversy. Hernandez, 2012 IL 113054, ¶ 42 (collecting cases); Catlett v. Novak, 116 Ill. 2d 63, 68 (1987) (collecting cases). Accordingly, where, as in this case, the circuit court dismisses a complaint, and specifies a number of days for filing an amended complaint, the court retains jurisdiction to allow the amended complaint to be filed even after the time period has expired. Richardson v. Economy Fire & Casualty Co., 109 Ill. 2d 41, 46 (1985) (collecting cases); Miller v. Suburban Medical Center at Hoffman Estates, Inc., 184 Ill. App. 3d 545, 547 (1989) (collecting cases). By failing to ask for leave to amend after the circuit court enters an order dismissing a complaint, a plaintiff elects to stand on the complaint and a subsequent order dismissing the suit may be entered. Doner v. Phoenix Joint Stock -8-  Land Bank of Kansas City, 381 Ill. 106, 108-09 (1942). Even if a plaintiff subsequently elects to stand on his or her complaint, an order striking or dismissing a complaint is not final until a subsequent order finally dismisses the action or suit. See Boatmen’s National Bank of Belleville v. Direct Lines, Inc., 167 Ill. 2d 88, 99 (1995) (collecting cases); Cole v. Hoogendoorn, Talbot, Davids, Godfrey & Milligan, 325 Ill. App. 3d 1152, 1153-54, 1156 (2001); Miller, 184 Ill. App. 3d at 547 (collecting cases); Martin v. Marks, 80 Ill. App. 3d 915, 919 (1980). ¶ 29 However, defendant relies on this court’s decision in Smith v. Central Illinois Regional Airport, 207 Ill. 2d 578 (2003), in support of its “automatic final judgment” mechanism. In Smith, the dismissal order granted the plaintiff 60 days to amend the complaint. The plaintiff did not amend but instead filed a motion for a voluntary dismissal (735 ILCS 5/2-1009 (West 2012)) within the 60-day period. Smith, 207 Ill. 2d at 588-89. This court held that the circuit court should have allowed the plaintiff’s voluntary dismissal because it was within the time period granted for leave to amend. In analyzing the nature and effect of the dismissal order, this court stated: “He [plaintiff] also could have elected, as he did here, to voluntarily dismiss the count because the upshot of the court’s February 27 order was that the granting of defendants’ section 2-615 motion would be considered to be with prejudice only after the expiration of the 60-day period.” (Emphases in original and added.) Id. at 588. In the case at bar, defendant focuses on the italicized sentence fragment to argue: “Smith specifically directs that an involuntary dismissal order becomes a final adjudication on the merits after the expiration of the temporary leave period.” ¶ 30 We do not read our opinion in Smith so broadly. Courts caution that “ ‘general language in an opinion must not be ripped from its context to make a rule far broader than the factual circumstances which called forth the language.’ [Citation.]” Rosewood Care Center, Inc. v. Caterpillar, Inc., 226 Ill. 2d 559, 572 (2007). Rather, the Smith opinion, “like all others, must be read in the context of the specific problem that was before the court.” Touhy v. State Board of Elections, 62 Ill. 2d 303, 310 (1976); see Spring Hill Cemetery of Danville, Illinois v. Ryan, 20 Ill. 2d 608, 619 (1960) (cautioning that a judicial opinion “must be read as applicable only to the facts involved and is an authority only for what is actually decided”). “In construing the language of this court, as in construing any other -9-  language, it is necessary to examine the context to find the connection in which the language is used and to ascertain what was intended by such language.” Hoffman v. Hoffman, 330 Ill. 413, 420 (1928). ¶ 31 To the end of construing our Smith decision in context, we quote at length therefrom: “In the present case, it is true that defendants challenged the sufficiency of count III by way of a section 2-615 motion on December 29, 2000, and that the circuit court heard the motion prior to plaintiff’s filing of his motion to voluntarily dismiss. The court had, in fact, ruled in defendants’ favor by dismissing count III. Contrary to defendants’ claims, however, that ruling did not have the effect of a final disposition of the case because the court made the dismissal without prejudice and gave plaintiff 60 days in which to file an amendment. As we have explained, the order of February 27 was not a final order. An order striking or dismissing a complaint is not final until the circuit court enters an order dismissing the suit. [Citations.] We must stress that no such order was entered in this case. Moreover, the circuit court made clear that no such order would be entertained until at least after the passage of 60 days. For all we know, the circuit court might even have allowed plaintiff more time to amend had plaintiff sought leave to do so. We stress, as the United States Supreme Court in [Jung v. K. & D. Mining Co., 356 U.S. 335, 336-37 (1958)] stressed under similar facts, that the circuit court’s order did not direct that the requested relief be denied but, rather, left the suit pending for further proceedings. “In our view, because the order of February 27 expressly left the suit pending for further proceedings, the order not only allowed plaintiff the opportunity to amend, but also allowed plaintiff to pursue other options available to him during this 60-day time frame besides filing the amendment. Plaintiff could have chosen to stand on his complaint and sought an order dismissing the complaint with prejudice, as a means of obtaining a final, appealable judgment. [Citations.] He also could have elected, as he did here, to voluntarily dismiss the count because the upshot of the court’s February 27 order was that the granting of defendants’ section 2—615 motion would be considered to be with prejudice only after the expiration of the 60-day period. Under these circumstances, the circuit court should have allowed plaintiff to seek a voluntary dismissal up until the expiration of the 60-day period to - 10 -  amend. In its order, entered on May 2, the circuit court stated that plaintiff failed to act within the 60-day time period. Clearly this was error. We note that plaintiff’s motion to voluntarily dismiss was filed on April 12, 2001, on day 48 of the 60-day time period set forth in the February 27 order. The circuit court erred in its calculation that the 60-day period had passed without any action on plaintiff’s part. This is not the case where the plaintiff waited until the sixty-first day to seek voluntary dismissal. Because plaintiff acted within the period of time left open for amendment, we believe his right to a voluntary dismissal was intact.” (Emphasis in original.) Smith, 207 Ill. 2d at 587-89. ¶ 32 When read in context, Smith did not hold that an involuntary dismissal order automatically becomes a final adjudication on the merits after a leave-to-amend time period expires. The plaintiff in Smith filed a motion for voluntary dismissal within the 60-day leave-to-amend time period. Smith expressly recognized that the circuit court retained jurisdiction to allow the plaintiff more time to amend had he sought leave and that the dismissal order was not final and would not be final until the circuit court entered a separate order dismissing the action or suit. Id. at 587-88. In Smith, this court specifically concluded that the plaintiff’s right to a voluntary dismissal was intact because he acted within the leave-to-amend time period. Id. at 589. ¶ 33 Although the Smith court conjectured that the dismissal order in that case would have been considered to be with prejudice only after the leave-to-amend period expired, that speculation was unnecessary to the court’s actual conclusion. This court did not know how that litigation would have proceeded after the leave-to-amend period expired. Id. at 588 (“For all we know, the circuit court might even have allowed plaintiff more time to amend had plaintiff sought leave to do so.”). In context, this court was merely attempting to emphasize the security of plaintiff’s position within the 60-day period. This court did not intend to overrule a significant body of case law by this single sentence. “We resist reading a single sentence unnecessary to the decision as having done so much work.” Arkansas Game & Fish Comm’n v. United States, 568 U.S. ___, ___, 133 S. Ct. 511, 520 (2012). ¶ 34 Defendant complains that the above-cited case law provides “no consequences for a plaintiff’s failure to act within the temporary leave period. *** Accordingly, there would never be a need to dismiss a claim or complaint with temporary leave - 11 -  to amend because the plaintiff would never be compelled to take any action within the temporary leave period.” ¶ 35 However, this argument overlooks that the circuit court may impose whatever “consequences” that defendant would seek in a proper motion. The circuit court retains broad discretion in allowing or denying amendment to pleadings prior to the entry of final judgment, and a reviewing court will not reverse the trial court’s decision absent a manifest abuse of such discretion. Loyola Academy v. S&S Roof Maintenance, Inc., 146 Ill. 2d 263, 273-74 (1992) (collecting cases). Further, the Code of Civil Procedure provides that a circuit court may allow amendments to pleadings “on just and reasonable terms.” 735 ILCS 5/2-616(a) (West 2010). Such “just and reasonable terms” may include the enforcement of a time limitation within which the amended pleading must be filed. See, e.g., Nicholson v. Chicago Bar Ass’n, 233 Ill. App. 3d 1040, 1045 (1992); Shroat v. Robins, 7 Ill. App. 3d 293, 295 (1972). Conversely, the court may permit amendment long after the time period expires. Richardson, 109 Ill. 2d at 46. This rule supports the circuit court’s sound exercise of its discretion. “A contrary course would amount to a substitution of the judgment of the reviewing court in place of that of the trial court in which such discretion properly resides.” Nicholson, 233 Ill. App. 3d at 1045. See, e.g., Bosch Die Casting Co. v. Biallas, 269 Ill. App. 3d 377 (1995) (granting leave to file second amended complaint 25 days after court-imposed deadline, but denying leave to file third amended complaint 71 days after court-imposed deadline). We conclude that the involuntary dismissal order in Richter I did not automatically become a final order when plaintiffs failed to file an amended complaint within the leave-to-amend period. ¶ 36 In the case at bar, defendant moved to dismiss Richter I and Richter II each with prejudice. Defendant, therefore, knew the legal significance of such a dismissal order. Although nearly five years elapsed between the time plaintiffs were granted leave to file an amended complaint and their voluntary dismissal, defendant did not seek a final order dismissing Richter I with prejudice, definitively ending the action. “[A] party claiming res judicata—as the party bearing the burden of showing that res judicata applies—has a duty to clarify the record so as to clearly demonstrate his entitlement to the doctrine’s application.” (Emphasis in original.) Hernandez, 2012 IL 113054, ¶ 52. We conclude that defendant has failed to carry this burden. - 12 - ¶ 37 B. Claim Splitting ¶ 38 Defendant next contends that the dismissal order in Richter I became a final judgment when the court granted plaintiffs’ motion to voluntarily dismiss the sole remaining shareholder remedies claim. Therefore, according to defendant, plaintiffs engaged in improper claim splitting by “refiling the entirety of Richter I, including claims that Plaintiffs elected to abandon five years prior, as a new action in Richter II.” Alternatively, defendant argues that plaintiff had a “limited” right to refile only the shareholder remedies claim alleged in count I of Richter I. ¶ 39 We cannot accept this contention. The circuit court granted plaintiffs’ motion for a voluntary dismissal of Richter I pursuant to section 2-1009 of the Code of Civil Procedure (735 ILCS 5/2-1009 (West 2010)). A voluntary dismissal pursuant to section 2-1009 terminates the entire action and renders immediately appealable all final orders entered therein that were not previously appealable. Hudson, 228 Ill. 2d at 468; Dubina v. Mesirow Realty Development, Inc., 178 Ill. 2d 496, 503 (1997). However, this court’s decisions in Rein and Hudson explained that res judicata prohibits a litigant from using section 2-1009 to split claims into multiple actions or suits. Hudson, 228 Ill. 2d at 471-72; Rein, 172 Ill. 2d at 339. In Rein, this court cautioned that a plaintiff’s statutory right to a voluntary dismissal within the limitations period (735 ILCS 5/13-217 (West 2010)) does not “automatically immunize a plaintiff against the bar of res judicata or other legitimate defenses a defendant may assert in response to the refiling of voluntarily dismissed counts.” Rein, 172 Ill. 2d at 342-43. In Hudson, this court explained: “Rein thus stands for the proposition that a plaintiff who splits his claims by voluntarily dismissing and refiling part of an action after a final judgment has been entered on another part of the case subjects himself to a res judicata defense.” (Emphasis added.) Hudson, 228 Ill. 2d at 473. ¶ 40 Rein and Hudson are clearly distinguishable from the instant case. Here, the circuit court never entered an order dismissing the action in Richter I, or any other order that could be deemed final. A nonfinal order cannot bar a subsequent action. Relph, 84 Ill. 2d at 441. Because Richter I was dismissed with leave to file an amended complaint, there was no final adjudication on the merits of any of those three claims. Further, a voluntary dismissal pursuant to section 2-1009(a) is, by its express terms, without prejudice. 735 ILCS 5/2-1009(a) (West 2010). Of course, it was within the discretion of the circuit court in Richter I to entertain a defense motion for a final order dismissing the cause of action prior to ruling on plaintiffs’ - 13 -  motion for voluntary dismissal. See Morrison v. Wagner, 191 Ill. 2d 162, 165 (2000). However, defendant did not raise such a motion. Without a final adjudication on the merits, the claim-splitting issues addressed in Rein and Hudson are not presented here, and res judicata is not applicable. See Piagentini v. Ford Motor Co., 387 Ill. App. 3d 887, 893-95 (2009). Hence, the circuit court’s nonfinal ruling in Richter I had no effect on Richter II. See Wilson, 2012 IL 112898, ¶ 26; Hernandez, 2012 IL 113054, ¶ 54; People ex rel. Williams v. Board of Education of Pawnee Township High School, 350 Ill. 597, 601 (1932). ¶ 41 C. Statute of Limitations ¶ 42 Defendant alternatively contends that the circuit court correctly dismissed Richter II pursuant to section 2-619(a)(5) of the Code of Civil Procedure, which provides for dismissal where the action “was not commenced within the time limited by law.” 735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(5) (West 2012). This provision allows a defendant to raise a statute of limitations defense in a motion to dismiss. See Hermitage Corp. v. Contractors Adjustment Co., 166 Ill. 2d 72, 84 (1995). ¶ 43 The complaint in Richter II contained four counts. Plaintiffs sought shareholder remedies (count I), alleged misrepresentation (count II), alleged common-law fraud (count III), and alleged that defendant’s directors or officers breached their fiduciary duty owed to plaintiffs (count IV). It is undisputed that the cause of action in Richter II accrued in October 2005 when defendant terminated the milk marketing agreement and plaintiffs’ membership in the cooperative and that plaintiffs filed the complaint in Richter II on September 6, 2013. Defendant contends that plaintiffs’ claims for misrepresentation, fraud, and breach of fiduciary duty were not commenced within the applicable five-year statute of limitations (735 ILCS 5/13-205 (West 2012)) and, therefore, are time-barred. In response, plaintiffs contend that section 13-217 of the Code of Civil Procedure (735 ILCS 5/13-217 (West 2012)) saves these claims. ¶ 44 Section 13-217 provides in pertinent part that if the plaintiff voluntarily dismisses a cause of action, “then, whether or not the time limitation for bringing such action expires during the pendency of such action, the plaintiff *** may commence a new action within one year or within the remaining period of limitation, whichever is greater *** after the action is voluntarily dismissed by the - 14 -  plaintiff.” 735 ILCS 5/13-217 (West 1994). 1 Section 13-217 operates as a limitations savings statute, with the purpose of facilitating the disposition of litigation on the merits and avoiding its frustration upon grounds unrelated to its merits. Case v. Galesburg Cottage Hospital, 227 Ill. 2d 207, 215 (2007); Gendek v. Jehangir, 119 Ill. 2d 338, 343 (1988). ¶ 45 Although the cause of action in Richter II accrued in October 2005, plaintiffs filed Richter I in October 2006, well within the applicable five-year limitations period. Further, after plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed Richter I on September 7, 2012, section 13-217 conferred on plaintiffs the right to refile within one year even if the statute of limitations had expired. As the appellate court correctly reasoned, plaintiffs, therefore, had until September 7, 2013, to refile their action. Accordingly, when plaintiffs refiled their action on September 6, 2013, the limitations savings period had not yet expired. 2015 IL App (4th) 140613, ¶ 41. ¶ 46 However, defendant contends that section 13-217 is not available to plaintiffs. Defendant argues that Richter I was not terminated by plaintiffs’ voluntary dismissal, which section 13-217 covers, but rather was terminated by the September 2007 involuntary dismissal order with leave to amend. This argument is premised on defendant’s position that the Richter I dismissal order with leave to amend automatically defaulted to an adjudication on the merits. We reject this argument as we earlier rejected its premise. We deem plaintiffs’ September 2012 voluntary dismissal to be the effective order finally terminating Richter I. See Apollo Real Estate Investment Fund, IV, L.P. v. Gelber, 398 Ill. App. 3d 773, 785-86 (2009). ¶ 47 Defendant also repeats its contention before the appellate court that plaintiffs may not raise new claims in a refiled action. Defendant argues that plaintiffs’ common-law fraud claim in Richter II is improper because the only claim that was pending at the time of the voluntary dismissal in Richter I was count I for shareholder remedies. Thus, reasons defendant, “Count I of Richter I is the only claim that might conceivably be saved.” ¶ 48 The appellate court correctly rejected this argument. 2015 IL App (4th) 140613, ¶ 42. A refiled action pursuant to section 13-217 is not a restatement of the old 1 This version of section 13-217 is currently in effect because it preceded the amendments of Public Act 89-7, § 15 (eff. Mar. 9, 1995), which this court found unconstitutional in its entirety in Best v. Taylor Machine Works, 179 Ill. 2d 367 (1997). See Hudson, 228 Ill. 2d at 469 n.1. - 15 -  action, but an entirely new and separate action. Dubina, 178 Ill. 2d at 504. Further, a cause of action may contain several theories of recovery (Wilson, 2012 IL 112898, ¶ 25 (collecting cases)) arising from a single group of operating facts. Hayashi, 2014 IL 116023, ¶ 46. Here, plaintiffs’ claims in Richter II for misrepresentation, fraud, and breach of fiduciary duty all grew out of the same transaction alleged in Richter I. ¶ 49 D. Laches ¶ 50 Defendant lastly contends that the doctrine of laches bars Richter II. Section 2-619(a)(9) of the Code of Civil Procedure provides for dismissal where the claim “is barred by other affirmative matter avoiding the legal effect of or defeating the claim.” 735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(9) (West 2012). One such affirmative matter is the defense of laches. See Mo v. Hergan, 2012 IL App (1st) 113179, ¶ 34; Summers v. Village of Durand, 267 Ill. App. 3d 767, 771 (1994). ¶ 51 “ ‘Laches is an equitable principle which bars recovery by a litigant whose unreasonable delay in bringing an action for relief prejudices the rights of the other party.’ ” First National Bank of Springfield v. Malpractice Research, Inc., 179 Ill. 2d 353, 364 (1997) (quoting People ex rel. Daley v. Strayhorn, 121 Ill. 2d 470, 482 (1988)). However, unlike a statute of limitations, “laches is not a mere matter of time but principally a question of the inequity of permitting the claim to be enforced,—an inequity founded upon some change in the condition or relation of the property and the parties.” Holland v. Richards, 4 Ill. 2d 570, 578 (1955). In other words, “it must appear that a plaintiff’s unreasonable delay in asserting his rights has prejudiced and misled the defendant, or caused him to pursue a course different from what he would have otherwise taken. [Citations.] If the defendant is not injured by the delay, then plaintiff is not guilty of laches.” People ex rel. Casey v. Health & Hospitals Governing Comm’n, 69 Ill. 2d 108, 115 (1977). The applicability of laches to a given case lies within the discretion of the circuit court. Finley v. Finley, 81 Ill. 2d 317, 330 (1980); Evans v. Woodsworth, 213 Ill. 404, 409 (1904). ¶ 52 Here, the circuit court granted defendant’s section 2-619 motion to dismiss Richter II expressly on the grounds of res judicata and the statute of limitations. The court did not rule on the issue of laches, and, consequently, the appellate court declined to address this issue. 2015 IL App (4th) 140613, ¶ 43. We agree and do - 16 -  likewise. On remand, defendant is free to assert a laches defense. The circuit court is in the best position to make the relevant factual findings based on the totality of the circumstances of this particular case. See, e.g., Hurlbert v. Charles, 238 Ill. 2d 248, 261 (2010); Morel v. Coronet Insurance Co., 117 Ill. 2d 18, 27-28 (1987). ¶ 53 III. CONCLUSION ¶ 54 For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the appellate court is affirmed, and the cause remanded to the circuit court of Macoupin County for further proceedings. ¶ 55 Affirmed and remanded. - 17 - 

Q: Return filenames from jquery object with serializearray I am having some troubles getting filenames from a jquery script. I have multiple hidden fields containing filenames from a fileinput in my form and I use this to get filenames: var fn = $('input[name="filename[]"]').serializeArray(); var post_var = {'filename':fn}; and then: return JSON.stringify({ "filename": post_var }); That gives me something like this: [Object { name="filename[]", value="703640495-qr-flo.png"}, Object { name="filename[]", value="703640495-qr-pgl.png"}] But I am not sure how I should get the content in "value" with my current php script that is like this: foreach($filename as $key => $value) { $imgrow = $this->db->dbh->prepare('INSERT INTO '. $this->config->db_prefix .'_images (aid, image) VALUES (:aid, :image)'); $imgrow->bindValue(':aid', $id); $imgrow->bindParam(':image', strtolower($value)); $imgrow->execute(); } if I var_dump($filename) I get this: array(1) { [0]=> object(stdClass)#104 (1) { ["filename"]=> array(2) { [0]=> object(stdClass)#105 (2) { ["name"]=> string(10) "filename[]" ["value"]=> string(20) "703640495-qr-flo.png" } [1]=> object(stdClass)#106 (2) { ["name"]=> string(10) "filename[]" ["value"]=> string(20) "703640495-qr-pgl.png" } } } } SOLUTION: foreach(array_shift($filename) as $file ) { foreach ($file as $key => $value) { $imgrow = $this->db->dbh->prepare('INSERT INTO '. $this->config->db_prefix .'_images (aid, image) VALUES (:aid, :image)'); $imgrow->bindValue(':aid', $id); $imgrow->bindParam(':image', strtolower($value->value)); $imgrow->execute(); } } A: Your files are located at $filename[0]['filename'] so you can: Array shift the $filename variable which returns the array located at $filename[0]['filename']. Then loop through the returned array, where each loop iteration will provide you an array containing the name abnd value keys. Like so: foreach( array_shift($filename) as $file ) { $file['name']; // the file name (always filename[] so ignore it) $file['value']; //the file value (the real filename) }

Edument Edument focuses on the most challenging parts of software development through both training and development projects all over the world. Our experts will help you not only solve specific issues, but they can streamline your entire development process by educating your developers and acting mentors in your workplace. Edge’s three focus areas are education, mentorship and development.

The present invention relates to a communicating method between an IPv4 terminal and an IPv6 terminal and to an IPv4-IPv6 converting apparatus. More particularly, the invention relates to method and apparatus for realizing a communication between an IPv4 terminal using IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) as a communication protocol and an IPv6 terminal using IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) as a communication protocol. As a method of realizing a communication between an IPv4 terminal and an IPv6 terminal, there is a method of using an ‘IPv4-mapped IPv6 address’ and an ‘IPv4-compatible IPv6 address’ described in RFC (Request For Comments) 1884 issued by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). The ‘IPv4-mapped IPv6 address’ is an IPv6 address in which “0” is set to the 127th to 48th bits among 128 bits of the IPv6 address, “1” is set to the 47th to 32nd bits, and an ‘IPv4 address’ is set to the 31st to 0th bits. The ‘IPv4-compatible IPv6 address’ is an IPv6 address in which “0” is set to the 127th to 32nd bits among 128 bits of the IPv6 address and the ‘IPv4 address’ is set to the 31st to 0th bits. When the communication between the IPv4 terminal and the IPv6 terminal is executed, an. IPv4 address is preliminarily fixedly allocated to the IPv6 terminal which communicates with the IPv4 terminal. A packet converting apparatus is provided on the way of a path through which the IPv4 terminal and the IPv6 terminal communicate and a mutual conversion of IP headers of an IPv4 packet (RFC791) and an IPv6 packet (RFC1883) is performed. In an IPv4 network, the IPv4 address of the IPv4 terminal and the IPv4 address allocated to the IPv6 terminal are used and a communication is executed by using the IPv4 packet. In an IPv6 network, the ‘IPv4 mapped IPv6 address’ in which the ‘IPv4 address of the IPv4 terminal’ has been set is used as an IPv6 address of the IPv4 terminal. In the IPv6 network, the ‘IPv4 compatible IPv6 address’ in which the ‘IPv4 address allocated to the IPv6 terminal’ has been set is used as an IP address of the IPv6 terminal and a communication is executed by using the IPv6 packet. The packet converting apparatus converts the ‘IPv4-mapped IPv6 address’ included in the IPv6 packet into the ‘IPv4 address of the IPv4 terminal’ and converts the ‘IPv4-compatible IPv6 address’ to the ‘IPv4 address allocated to the IPv6 terminal’, thereby converting the IPv6 packet into the IPv4 packet. Contrarily, the ‘IPv4 address of the IPv4 terminal’ included in the IPv4 packet is converted into the ‘IPv4-mapped IPv6 address’ and the ‘IPv4 address allocated to the IPv6 terminal’ is converted into the ‘IPv4-compatible IPv6 address’, thereby converting the IPv4 packet into the IPv6 packet. Consequently, the communication between the IPv4 terminal and the IPv6 terminal can be executed. As a method of realizing the communication between the IPv4 terminal and the IPv6 terminal, IETF also proposed a method called a dual stack. According to the method, the IPv6 terminal has both of the communication protocols of IPv4 and IPv6. A communication is executed between the IPv6 terminals by using the IPv6 protocol. A communication is executed between the IPv4 terminals by using the IPv4 protocol. Thus, the communication between the IPv4 terminal and the IPv6 terminal can be executed. IETF also proposed a method called an IP tunneling. This is a method such that when the IPv4 network exists on a communication path between two IPv6 terminals and a communication cannot be executed directly by the IPv6 packet, the IPv6 packet is encapsulated by the IPv4 header and is allowed to pass through the IPv4 network. Similarly, when the IPv6 network exists on a communication path between the IPv4 terminals and a communication cannot be executed directly by the IPv4 packet, the IPv4 packet is encapsulated by the IPv6 header and is allowed to pass through the IPv6 network. Consequently, even when there is the IPv4 network on the communication path, the communication between the IPv6 terminals can be executed. Even when there is the IPv6 network on the communication path, the communication between the IPv4 terminals can be executed. According to the method, the communication between the IPv4 terminal and the IPv6 terminal can be realized by a simple operation of adding a fixed pattern of 96 bits to the IPv4 address or deleting the fixed pattern of 96 bits from the IPv6 address. According to the method called a dual stack, by selectively using the communication protocols of IPv4 and IPv6 in accordance with a communication partner, the communication between the IPv4 terminal and the IPv6 terminal can be realized. According to the method called an IP tunneling, by encapsulating the packet by the header of the relevant communication protocol and passing the resultant data through the network existing on the communication path between the two terminals, the communication between the two terminals can be realized.

UCL News Services Get updates from UCL News Windows bug-testing software cracks stem cell programs 11 June 2014 Professor Chris mason (UCL Biochemical Engineering) comments on the news that software used to keep bugs out of Microsoft Windows programs could be used to shed light on how stem cells decide what type of tissue to become. Read: New Scientist

Q: A kind of converse to the Hopf theorem on ergodicity of geodesic flow in negative curvature Is there a 2 dimensional Riemannian manifold $M$ whose curvature is not negative but its geodesic flow is an ergodic flow? A: It was proved by Donnay that any compact orientable surface can be given a Riemannian metric for which the geodesic flow is ergodic. See Theorem 1 of this article. On the other hand, there are no negatively curved metrics on a sphere or a torus. A: Anosov flows are ergodic and a geodesic flow can be Anosov even if the curvature is not strictly negative. This was studied by Eberlein in the seventies, in an article from 1973 entitled when is a geodesic flow of Anosov type? and other authors (Klingenberg etc). A byproduct of this study is the following: on a nonpositively curved surface, the geodesic flow is of Anosov type as soon as there is a point of negative curvature on all geodesics. So you can start with a surface with negative curvature, make a small perturbation so that the curvature vanishes on a single point $p$, and the geodesic flow is still Anosov and ergodic. Now the Anosov condition is an open one so you can make again a small perturbation so that the curvature becomes positive at the point $p$ and you still have an ergodic Anosov geodesic flow. There are many variations around these ideas.

Q: ORA-00933: SQL command not properly ended on jdbc call I have this query: SELECT col FROM table WHERE last_updated > SYS_EXTRACT_UTC(systimestamp) - INTERVAL ? DAY TO SECOND(1) and in my db access code, stmt.setString(1, "0 00:01:30.0");//stmt is OraclePreparedStatement rs = stmt.executeQuery();//results in exception Exception message: java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: ORA-00933: SQL command not properly ended If I replace the bind and run the query in Sql Developer, it runs without error. Where am I wrong with the java code? A: The problem is that INTERVAL '0 00:01:30.0' DAY TO SECOND(1) is a literal of datatype INTERVAL. So you cannot use a positional parameter inside it. You have to use one of the convertion functions NUMTOYMINTERVAL or NUMTODSINTERVAL. The amended SQL for the prepared statement would be SELECT col FROM table WHERE last_updated > SYS_EXTRACT_UTC(systimestamp) - NUMTODSINTERVAL(?,'SECOND') and the parameter needs to be set as stmt.setInt(1, 90); edit As Alex mentioned himself. Another way SELECT col FROM table WHERE last_updated > SYS_EXTRACT_UTC(systimestamp) - TO_DSINTERVAL(?) and the parameter can be set as string stmt.setString("0 00:01:30.0"); A manual check that it's the same interval select NUMTODSINTERVAL(90,'SECOND') as "NUMTODSINTERVAL", INTERVAL '0 00:01:30.0' DAY TO SECOND(1) as "INTERVAL", TO_DSINTERVAL('0 00:01:30.0') as "TO_DSINTERVAL" from dual output NUMTODSINTERVAL INTERVAL TO_DSINTERVAL ------------------- ------------------- ------------------- +00 00:01:30.000000 +00 00:01:30.000000 +00 00:01:30.000000

Amanayé language Amanayé (Amanaje) is a possibly extinct Tupi language last spoken in the town of São Domingos on the Capim River in Pará State, Brazil. The closely related but possibly distinct language is Ararandewara, which is spoken at the headwaters of the Moju River (Lang 1914). References Category:Tupi–Guarani languages Category:Languages of Brazil Category:Extinct languages of South America

80s gods a-ha line up their first ever concert in Israel! Legendary 80s icons a-ha are coming to Israel in June 2018 for their first ever concert in the Holy Land! The concert takes place on the 21 June 2018, and will take place at the Amphi Park in Ranaana (it was originally scheduled for the Exhibition Grounds in Tel Aviv). Tickets aren’t amazingly cheap at 399 shekels a pop – for more details, call *9066. The boys from Norway were HUGE in the 80s, and kick-started their career with the amazing (at that time) video for Take On Me. I’m not going to brag here, but I bought the single well before it even became a hit (it was released a couple of times I believe, before it turned into a monster), so you can thank me later for their ride to mega-stardom. They’ll be here as part of their Electric Summer world tour, and expect to hear some awesome tunes like The Sun Always Shines On TV and Hunting High And Low, as well as the much awaited Take On Me. The only question that remains is whether or not the ladies who screamed at lead singer Morten in the 80s will be ready to scream again… As we ponder that question, here’s an awesomely calm version of their classic Take On Me…

Q: Is there a simple way to lower 0.5 square meters of concrete by 2mm? When I did concreting to raise the floor in my bathroom by 15cm, I accidentally created a bump of about 0.5 square meter, which is about 2mm higher than the rest of the raised floor level. I'm looking for a simple way to reduce the concrete level there. I was thinking of using a rubbing brick, but I don't want to buy one if would be hopeless. A: The easiest way is with an angle grinder and a concrete surfacing disk, these use carbide blocks or diamond impregnated ones that grind the surface. 2mm is not a huge amount but enough at 1/2 meter square that doing it by hand will take a really long time, using a surfacing disk is cleaner and easier than masonry grinding disks Amazon has one similar to what I have used on small jobs (4-1/2” angle grinder) Search for grinding wheels for concrete and masonry the more segments the disk has the better the finish and longer it will last. After surfacing the surface is usually much smoother and looks different I have used a strong muriatic acid wash to “rough up” the surface.

//===- PtrUseVisitor.cpp - InstVisitors over a pointers uses --------------===// // // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions. // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// // /// \file /// Implementation of the pointer use visitors. // //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// #include "llvm/Analysis/PtrUseVisitor.h" #include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h" #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h" #include <algorithm> using namespace llvm; void detail::PtrUseVisitorBase::enqueueUsers(Instruction &I) { for (Use &U : I.uses()) { if (VisitedUses.insert(&U).second) { UseToVisit NewU = { UseToVisit::UseAndIsOffsetKnownPair(&U, IsOffsetKnown), Offset }; Worklist.push_back(std::move(NewU)); } } } bool detail::PtrUseVisitorBase::adjustOffsetForGEP(GetElementPtrInst &GEPI) { if (!IsOffsetKnown) return false; APInt TmpOffset(DL.getIndexTypeSizeInBits(GEPI.getType()), 0); if (GEPI.accumulateConstantOffset(DL, TmpOffset)) { Offset += TmpOffset.sextOrTrunc(Offset.getBitWidth()); return true; } return false; }

Introduction {#Sec1} ============ All foraminifera are characterized by the presence of a shell (defined as "test" in foraminifera) that encloses the organism and separates it from the surrounding environment^[@CR1]^. Such shell can be organic, agglutinated, or made of minerals precipitated by the foraminifer itself^[@CR1]^. Among foraminifera, species that precipitate a shell of calcium carbonate (i.e., calcite or aragonite; CaCO~3~) are of particular importance because of their roles in the global carbon cycle and in paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic reconstructions^[@CR2]--[@CR7]^. Even so, the mechanisms behind the foraminiferal shell precipitation process (biomineralization) are not fully understood, yet^[@CR8],[@CR9]^. In fact, there are many biological controls (overall defined as "vital effects")^[@CR10]^ that contribute to the shell precipitation in foraminifera, like the development of a delimited space where formation of a new chamber occurs^[@CR11],[@CR12]^, production of organic sheets^[@CR12],[@CR13]^, seawater endocytosis^[@CR14],[@CR15]^, the presence of ion transporters^[@CR9],[@CR16]^, and mitochondrial activity^[@CR17]^. Considering that calcifying foraminifera are characterized by a variety of ecological and physiological differences, including the precipitation of a shell that can be calcitic or aragonitic, it is very likely that different species utilize diverse biomineralization processes to build their shell^[@CR15]^, as suggested by the range of Mg concentrations measured among foraminiferal species^[@CR18]^. Calcareous foraminifera are a significant component of the global carbon cycle. For example, planktonic foraminiferal shells contribute to \~32--80% (0.36--0.88 Gt CaCO~3~ yr^−1^) of the calcite budget in deep oceanic settings^[@CR2]^, whereas benthic foraminifera represent \~5% (0.03 Gt CaCO~3~ yr^−1^) of the accumulated CaCO~3~ in global reef sediments^[@CR19]^. Even if biomineralization represents a sink for carbon, it is also a potential source of CO~2~ to the ocean-atmosphere system^[@CR20]^, according to the simplified reaction:$$\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${{\rm{Ca}}}^{2+}+2{{\rm{HCO}}}_{3}^{-}={{\rm{CaCO}}}_{3}+{{\rm{CO}}}_{2}+{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{\rm{O}}$$\end{document}$$ In calcareous foraminifera, the growth rate is influenced by the pH of the surrounding waters^[@CR16]^. Therefore, the current increase in atmospheric CO~2~ concentration, and the consequent ocean acidification, is expected to impact foraminiferal biomineralization in a way that it is difficult to predict^[@CR21]^. In addition, in seawater CaCO~3~ precipitation and dissolution are influenced by the saturation state of CaCO~3~ (Ω), which is function of \[Ca^2+^\], \[CO~3~^2−^\], and the CaCO~3~ stoichiometric solubility product at *in situ* temperature, pressure, and salinity. Thus, also changes in Ω can impact foraminiferal shell precipitation^[@CR22]^. Finally, several studies demonstrated the influence of additional environmental parameters, like temperature, salinity, food, pollution among others, on foraminiferal biomineralization processes and shell morphology^[@CR23]--[@CR25]^. Considering the contribution of calcareous foraminifera to the global carbon cycle and their importance as geological archives^[@CR8]^, it is fundamental to explore the possibly species-specific biomineralization processes in these organisms. Vital effects, ecological preferences (e.g., habitat), and environmental parameters (e.g., temperature, pH) can all influence the chemical and isotopic composition of foraminiferal shells, causing some deviations from the expected isotopic and chemical equilibrium fractionations as defined by laboratory experiments involving the inorganic precipitation of CaCO~3~^[@CR8],[@CR9],[@CR18],[@CR26]^. Interestingly, previous studies reported the presence of sedimentary grains within the calcareous shell of some benthic and planktonic foraminifera^[@CR27]--[@CR29]^. This aspect has to be considered and further investigated, at least in those species used to reconstruct changes in ocean circulation and climate through geological time. In fact, data collected using calcareous foraminiferal shells containing exogenous grains might be biased by the isotopic and chemical composition of such grains if their presence is unrecognized or unknown. This risk was already demonstrated for planktonic foraminifera, where the presence of silicate grains contaminated the Li isotope measurement conducted using an ion probe^[@CR29]^. In this study, we focus on *Melonis barleeanus*, a paleoceanographically-relevant calcareous benthic foraminiferal species^[@CR7]^. In particular, we present a unique and vast microscopy and spectroscopy dataset collected analysing modern and fossil samples from the Arctic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Our data show that *M*. *barleeanus*, a calcareous species, is also capable of agglutinating sedimentary particles within its calcareous shell. Results {#Sec2} ======= Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of benthic foraminiferal species {#Sec3} ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- We analysed 51 specimens from nine samples collected at different locations and time intervals (Tables [1](#Tab1){ref-type="table"} and [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}; see Methods). Of the specimens examined, 61% showed the presence of minute sedimentary particles inside the chamber wall of the shell (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}; Figs [1](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"} and [2](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). All the specimens with this feature (31 out of 51) belong to *Melonis barleeanus* (Williamson, 1858)^[@CR30]^ (Figs [1a,b](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"} and [2a,b](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). None of the other species analysed (e.g., *Cassidulina neoteretis*, *Lobatula lobatula*, *Nonionella stella*) revealed a similar shell structure (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}).Table 1Summary of the cores used in this study. "N/a" = not applicable.CoreSampling deviceAreaWater depth (m)CoordinatesCAGE 15-2 880BMulticorerWestern Svalbard, Arctic Ocean88978°41′26.9400″N; 8°14′30.0000″ECAGE 15-2 893BMulticorerWestern Svalbard, Arctic Ocean120379°00′11.2799″N; 6°55′26.4359″EHH13 000 BCBoxcorerWestern Svalbard, Arctic Ocean120778°58′49.9864″N; 7°03′44.3383″EPC06PistoncorerWestern Svalbard, Arctic Ocean37478°36′39.6000″N; 9°25′31.8000″EFR 320HammerMonte Narbone Formation (Southern Sicily, Italy)N/a37°17′46.76″N; 13°27′15.63″EVIB 10VibracorerGulf of Termini (Northern Sicily, Italy)12738°03′57.729″N; 13°39′57.8998″ETable 2Summary of the samples analyzed in this study.Sample IDSample typeSpecies analyzed\# analyzed shells\# shells with sedimentary particlesCAGE 15-2 880B 0--1 cmModern*M*. *barleeanus*5 (5)5CAGE 15-2 880B 1--2 cmModern*M*. *barleeanus*4 (3)3CAGE 15-2 880B 1--2 cmModernMultiple species^\*^10 (0)0CAGE 15-2 893B 0--1 cmModern*M*. *barleeanus*7 (7)7CAGE 15-2 893B 1--2 cmModern*M*. *barleeanus*9 (9)9HH13 000 BC 1--2 cmModern*M*. *barleeanus*2 (0)2PC06 5 34--35 cmFossil*M*. *barleeanus*1 (0)1FR 320Fossil*M*. *barleeanus*5 (0)1VIB 10 138 cm 72--74 cmbsfFossil*M*. *barleeanus*8 (0)3The numbers among parentheses indicate the number of rose Bengal stained specimens examined. Cmbsf = cm below the sea floor. ^\*^*Eilohedra nipponica* (Kuwano, 1962; 3 specimens), *Cibicidoides* sp. (Thalmann, 1939; 1 specimen), *Nonionella stella* (Cushman and Moyer, 1930; 1 specimen), *Lobatula lobatula* (Walker and Jacob, 1798; 1 specimen), *Cassidulina neoteretis* (Seidenkrantz, 1995; 3 specimens), and *Cassidulina reniforme* (Nørvang, 1945; 1 specimen).Figure 1Distribution, chemical, and mineralogical characterization of sedimentary particles within the calcite shell of *Melonis barleeanus*. Micrograph (**a**) of the benthic foraminifer *M*. *barleeanus* (CAGE 15-2 893B 0--1 cm). White square indicates the backscatter electron (BSE) image from cross sections (**b**) where minute (\~3 μm) sedimentary particles appear to be well organized inside the chamber wall of the foraminiferal shell. The secondary electron images show the grains (**c**) and their chemical characterization (**d**) presented as point analyses (**e**--**g** with relative spectra) and as compositional map (yellow indicates calcium, Ca; pink indicates silicon, Si; green indicates aluminum, Al; blue indicates sodium, Na). The electron backscattered diffraction image (**h**) is an overlaid image of backscatter electron image and forescatter electron image showing the phase identification via point analysis (colored crosses). Scale bars are 10 μm.Figure 2Sedimentary particle distribution within the calcite shell of *Melonis barleeanus*. (**a**,**b**) Backscatter electron image (BSE) of *M*. *barleeanus* specimens characterized by the presence (**a**) and absence (**b**) of sedimentary grains within the shell. In specimen (**a**) particles are linearly distributed within the wall between two chambers. (**c**) Cross-section of a shell containing several particles organized as groups (arrows) at the base of two chambers. (**d**) Minute sedimentary grain embedded in the shell calcite. (**e**) Broken diatom found within the shell of one *M*. *barleeanus* specimen. Scale bars are as follows: (**a**--**c**) 10 μm, (**d**,**e**) 1 μm. Regardless of the sample origin (Arctic Ocean vs. Mediterranean Sea -- Sicily) or age (modern vs. fossil), our data revealed that *M*. *barleeanus* was characterized by the presence of sedimentary particles within its calcite shell, although this was not a universal feature of this species. In fact, 24% of the *M*. *barleeanus* considered in this study did not have any grain embedded in their shell (Fig. [2b](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). When present, the spatial distribution of the sedimentary particles appeared to be well-organized and not random. More specifically, we found the grains to be arranged linearly, very often within the wall between two chambers (Figs [1b,c](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"} and [2a](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}; Supplementary Table [S1](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}), in all the specimens analysed. These stretches of particles were between a few μm and several tens of μm long (Supplementary Table [S2](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). The calcite layer on both sides of the grain stretches was found to be of variable thickness (Supplementary Table [S2](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}), even if this could be a consequence of the sample cross-section preparation. Some of the shell examined (19%) was characterized also by the presence of several particles organized as a group of a few tens of μm across. This group of grains was usually located at the base of one or more chambers (Fig. [2c](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}; Supplementary Tables [S1](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"} and [S2](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). In general, the silicate grains were disposed very close to each other regardless of their spatial organization (linear stretch vs. group; Figs [1b,c](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"} and [2a,c](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). Less frequently, grains were separated by a gap of \~1 to 10 μm (Supplementary Table [S2](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). We noted that in a few cases some grains were arranged close to pores, which were generally visible only on the exterior of the shell and rarely within the chamber wall (Supplementary Table [S2](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}), although this might be the result of the type of section prepared (cross-section). Laminated calcite (secondary calcite)^[@CR8]^ was identified on the edge of the shell of a few specimens (Supplementary Table [S2](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). In order to test for the possibility that the silicate grains observed in many of the *M*. *barleeanus* specimens examined could derive from the protocol used to prepare the foraminiferal samples prior analysis (i.e., polishing with Al~2~O~3~ powder and colloidal silica), several *M*. *barleeanus* specimens were analysed after the shell was mechanically fractured, but not embedded in epoxy and polished. Also in this case, the presence of silicate grains was recognized, confirming that the results of this study were not biased by the sample preparation protocol used. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analyses of silicate grains {#Sec4} -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Three hundred grains were analysed for size (see Methods). A high degree of variability was noted in the size of the grain incorporated in the shells, which ranged from 0.8 μm to 10.2 μm (average = 2.8 μm, SD = 1.4 μm) (Supplementary Table [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). Based on the visible portion of the grains, the layer containing sedimentary particles was at least 1--5 μm thick (Figs [1c](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"} and [2d](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). In general, particles were organized as a linear stretch and/or group regardless of size (Supplementary Tables [S1--S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). No significant relationship was found between the grain size and the foraminiferal size neither in modern nor in fossil samples, independently from their geographic origin. Of the grains analysed for size, we examined 273 of them through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) (see Methods; Supplementary Table [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). Based on the semi-quantitative EDS chemical characterization (see Methods), we classified the particles analysed as quartz-like (grains composed of O and Si; Figs. [1d--g](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}), which represented 49% of the particles examined (Supplementary Table [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}), and feldspar-like (grains composed of O, Si, and Al and/or Ca and/or Na; Figs. [1d--g](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}), which represented 29% of the particles analysed (Supplementary Table [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). This classification was confirmed by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) of selected grains (see Methods; Fig. [1h](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}; Supplementary Fig. [S1](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). Finally, 22% of the examined particles was not classified at all because the low spatial resolution of the EDS maps prevented unambiguous characterization of the grain chemical makeup. Foraminifera from the Mediterranean Sea were mostly characterized by quartz-like particles compared to feldspar-like ones (55% vs. 13%, respectively; number of grains analysed = 53, of which 32% could not be unequivocally classified) (Supplementary Table [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). This finding applied to the samples from the Arctic Ocean, as well even if the difference in the grain distribution was smaller (47% quartz-like particles vs. 33% feldspar-like ones; number of grains analysed = 220, of which 20% could not be unequivocally classified) (Supplementary Table [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). It is possible that this diversity in grain distribution is a consequence of the different number of *M*. *barleeanus* specimens from the Mediterranean Sea vs. Arctic Ocean available for analysis (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}). Discussion {#Sec5} ========== *Melonis barleeanus* is an infaunal species widely used in paleoceanographic studies^[@CR7],[@CR31],[@CR32]^. Traditionally considered a calcareous species^[@CR33]^, our data indicate that *M*. *barleeanus* is also characterized by the presence of silicate grains within its shell. Even if, to our knowledge, one extant foraminiferal order is capable of secreting opaline silica (i.e., Silicoloculinida)^[@CR34]^, we do not think that the silicate grains found within many of the *M*. *barleeanus* examined were precipitated by the foraminifer itself. In fact, the particles observed vary in their chemical makeup, size, and shape, thus making it highly unlikely that a single foraminiferal species could have been able to precipitate such a variety of grains. Instead, we think that it is more likely that the grains originated from the specimens' surroundings and were agglutinated by the organism. Analysis of the sediment fraction \<63 μm of a sample collected close to the foraminiferal sampling sites in the Arctic Ocean revealed the presence of quartz, feldspars, clay minerals, and mica, supporting this hypothesis. This hypothesis was also supported by the finding of a diatom frustule within the shell of one of the specimens investigated (Fig. [2e](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}). The systematic spatial arrangement of the grains within the shell of both modern and fossil foraminifera (Figs [1b,c](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"} and [2a,c](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}) indicates that the presence of sedimentary particles in *M*. *barleeanus* is not a simple case of contamination or diagenesis. The presence of sedimentary particles within the shell of rotaliid species was already reported in a few benthic foraminiferal genera (i.e., *Cibicides* and *Stomatorbina*)^[@CR27],[@CR28]^. In these foraminifera, grains were arranged as an almost continuous layer within the septal wall (*Cibicides*)^[@CR27]^ or were contained within the aragonite material of the inner primary wall (*Stomatorbina*)^[@CR28]^, a spatial distribution similar to the one we observed in *M*. *barleeanus*. Sedimentary particles were also reported for planktonic foraminifera (e.g., *Globigerinoides*)^[@CR29]^. Even if a clear explanation for the presence of agglutinated grains in benthic foraminifera was not provided, it was proposed that the particles were not secreted by the foraminifer and were not contaminants^[@CR35]^, a suggestion that agrees with our findings. In planktonic foraminifera, the presence of alumino-silicate grains within the shells analysed was explained as the consequence of calcite precipitation from seawater vacuoles containing small silicate grains^[@CR29]^. In foraminifera, seawater vacuolization^[@CR8],[@CR15],[@CR29]^ is one of the processes involved in the formation of a new chamber. Even if this process was invoked to explain the presence of minute particles within the shell of planktonic species^[@CR29]^, we do not think that seawater vacuolization is a satisfactory explanation of our results. In fact, our data showed that not all the *M*. *barleeanus* analysed were characterized by the presence of sedimentary particles. In addition, the investigation of additional specimens belonging to both epifaunal (e.g., *Lobatula lobatula*) and shallow infaunal (e.g., *Cassidulina neoteretis*) species did not reveal the presence of silicate grains within the shells examined (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}). If seawater vacuoles containing small sedimentary particles were responsible for our observations, then we would have expected silicate grains in all the specimens analysed, or at least in all the infaunal ones. Experiments involving *Ammonia tepida* demonstrated that vacuolized seawater was used as a source of Ca^2+^ and inorganic carbon involved in the calcification process of this species, but that seawater was not directly released at the extracellular calcification site^[@CR15]^. Although it is uncertain if and to what extent the mineralization processes observed in one foraminiferal species can be applied to another one^[@CR15]^, we think that seawater vacuoles might not be directly released at the calcification site in *M*. *barleeanus*, as well. In this context, seawater endocytosis cannot explain the presence (or absence) of sedimentary particle within the shell of this species. Additional studies, possibly involving culture experiments, are necessary to better constrain the role of seawater vacuoles during the chamber formation in *M*. *barleeanus*. The presence of silicate grains within the shell of *M*. *barleeanus* might be explained by the accidental incorporation of foreign particles (e.g., detritus, sediment, algal cells, sponge spicules) forming a secondary shell (i.e., feeding cyst) surrounding the foraminifer's original shell^[@CR36],[@CR37]^. Laboratory observations showed that *M*. *barleeanus* was mostly free of a secondary shell when in the sediment^[@CR37]^. However, one of the specimens analysed revealed the presence of a diatom among the particles incorporated (Fig. [2e](#Fig2){ref-type="fig"}), supporting the hypothesis that this species might incorporate some grains/detritus forming the secondary shell during the formation of a new chamber. Unfortunately, the data available do not allow us to draw a firm conclusion about this hypothesis. As an alternative, incorporation of sedimentary particles might occur also during the formation of a "delimited space" prior chamber formation^[@CR8]^. In this case, it is possible that silicate grains surrounding the calcifying foraminifer might interact with the organic layer that defines the shape of the new chamber and that promotes crystal nucleation. According to this scenario, sedimentary particle simply adhere to the organic template and are incorporated during precipitation of the chamber wall. Even if this is a reasonable explanation of our data, we think that it is still an unsatisfactory one. In fact, the formation of a space that isolates the foraminifer from the surrounding environment is a common step during biomineralization process in perforate foraminifera^[@CR8]^. Even so, we do not observe the presence of silicate grains in all the *M*. *barleeanus* specimens analysed and in the other perforate foraminiferal species included in this study (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}). Our data showed that *M*. *barleeanus* preferred particles with a size comprised between 0.8 and 10.2 μm and with a quartz-like mineralogy (Supplementary Table [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). It is possible that the mineralogy of the sedimentary particles incorporated by this foraminiferal species reflect the diverse sediment composition at the Mediterranean Sea vs. Arctic Ocean sampling sites. However, considering that in the Arctic Ocean sediment analysed as part of this study the quartz content varied between 30 and 40% (vs. 47% as measured in the *M*. *barleeanus* specimens from the Arctic Ocean), we think that this species has a distinct preference for quartz-like sedimentary particles compared to feldspar-like ones (Supplementary Table [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). At this stage, we cannot draw a firm conclusion about the reason(s) of this preference, but we note that selectivity towards a particular mineralogy was demonstrated already for several species of agglutinated foraminifera^[@CR38],[@CR39]^ and it was proposed for the miliolid species *Rudoloculina hooperi*^[@CR40]^, as well. Based on our results and noting that the silicate grains are mostly associated with *M*. *barleeanus* primary calcite^[@CR8]^, we propose that this species agglutinates sedimentary particles prior the formation of a new chamber. If agglutination prior calcite precipitation is a strategy to promote calcite precipitation and/or to increase the test strength is unclear at this stage. Crystal nucleation on a pre-existing surface (heterogeneous nucleation) is energetically more advantageous compared to homogeneous crystal nucleation^[@CR41]^; however, in foraminifera, the organic matrix (or primary organic sheet) represents the nucleation site for the first CaCO~3~ crystals^[@CR8]^. Based on the compatibility of the calcite and quartz crystal lattices, it is unclear if precipitation of calcite on a quartz surface is possible^[@CR42]^ or not^[@CR43]^, but laboratory experiments showed that the presence of quartz seeds induced calcium carbonate nucleation in the bulk solution in unstable supersaturated solutions (domain of spontaneous precipitation)^[@CR42]^. Considering the location of the sedimentary particles within *M*. *barleeanus* (mostly within the chamber wall), we think that it is more likely that silicate grains were incorporated to enhance the shell mechanical strength. Increased mechanical strength through agglutination was already hypothesized for some agglutinated foraminifera^[@CR44]^. Many conditions can affect shell precipitation in foraminifera, like pH, temperature, salinity, food, pollution, and environmental energy among others^[@CR21]--[@CR25]^. We note that nearby Arctic sites CAGE 15-2 880B and CAGE 15-2 893B (\~900 m and 1200 m water depth, respectively), hereafter referred to as Core 880B MC and Core 893B MC, the temperature was 0.69 °C and 0.77 °C, salinity was 34.89‰ and 34.86‰, and pH ranged from 8.021 to 8.257. According to these data, we do not think that environmental conditions at the sampling sites represented an impediment to foraminiferal biomineralization. The genes involved in the foraminiferal biomineralization processes are still unknown. Therefore, we can only speculate that the (facultative) agglutinated strategy adopted by some *M*. *barleeanus* specimens might be genetically controlled. The analysis of the complete small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA) demonstrated that rotaliids and textulariids (*Trochammina* sp. and *Eggerelloides scabrum*) were closely related^[@CR45]^. Therefore, it might be possible that some of the genes involved in the shell formation of agglutinated (textulariid) species might still be present in the genome of rotaliid species and that the expression of these genes might be triggered by conditions that remain uncertain at the moment. Interestingly, it was proposed that environmental conditions could have influenced the biomineralization pathway of the genus *Miliammina*^[@CR46]^. A genetically controlled agglutinating biomineralization strategy can definitely explain why *M*. *barleeanus*, but also *Cibicides floridanus*^[@CR27]^ and *Stomatorbina*^[@CR28]^, are characterized by the presence of agglutinated particles within their shell. Foraminifera are an important component of the global carbon cycle because of their role in the oceanic food webs^[@CR47]^ and calcium carbonate precipitation^[@CR2],[@CR19]^. Therefore, the effect that ocean acidification will have on this group of organisms is of a great interest. Published studies involving culture experiments and the investigation of natural samples^[@CR21]^ showed that different foraminiferal species respond differently (from decalcification to higher calcification rates)^[@CR21]^ to decreasing ocean pH values. In this context, the biomineralization strategy adopted by *M*. *barleeanus* provides a new insight regarding the strategies adopted by these unicellular organisms to build their shells. Published studies identified the presence of sedimentary particles within the shell of other calcareous foraminiferal species^[@CR27]--[@CR29]^, suggesting that agglutination prior (or during) calcification might not be a characteristic of *M*. *barleeanus* specimens only, even if it is possible that the presence of sedimentary particles within the shell of different calcareous foraminifera is a consequence of species-specific calcification pathways (see also^[@CR29]^). *M*. *barleeanus* is an important benthic species that is often used in paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic reconstructions^[@CR7],[@CR31],[@CR32]^. In the light of the results of this study, we think that it is of fundamental importance to consider the *M*. *barleeanus* biomineralization strategy during the interpretation of geological records. Contamination of isotopic (or chemical) measurements due to the presence of silicate grains is a likely possibility, in particular when the presence of exogenous grains is not identified prior *in-situ* analysis (e.g., electron probe, ion probe, laser ablation). This risk was already demonstrated for Li isotope measurements conducted on planktonic foraminifera with an ion probe^[@CR29]^. In this study, we used a mixing model to investigate the influence of sedimentary particles on δ^18^O data collected using *M*. *barleeanus* "contaminated" by the presence of silicate grains (Supplementary Fig. [S2](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). Our calculations showed that the δ^18^O of a hypothetical pure calcite end-member would increase by \~0.9--2‰ if 10 wt% of feldspars (i.e., anorthite, albite, orthoclase) and quartz, respectively, were included in the analyzed calcite (Supplementary Fig. [S2](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). The analytical (vs. theoretical) quantification of the influence of sedimentary particles on the isotopic data collected using "contaminated" *M*. *barleeanus* is going to be the focus of a follow-up study. Future microscopy and spectroscopy studies using other benthic and planktonic foraminiferal species will be critical to gain a better insight about how frequently sedimentary particles can be found within the shell of paleoceanographically relevant foraminiferal species. In addition, culture-based experiments and molecular studies will help to better understand if the presence of silicate grains within the shell of benthic and planktonic foraminifera is a genetically-driven mechanism and what are the conditions that can trigger such unusual biomineralization strategy. Methods {#Sec6} ======= Foraminiferal sample preparation and data collection {#Sec7} ---------------------------------------------------- Samples locations are listed in Table [1](#Tab1){ref-type="table"}. Modern samples (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}) were preserved in a solution of deionized water and rose Bengal and stored at 4 °C. Samples were not sieved and the picking was performed directly on the wet sediment. Fossil samples (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}) were oven-dried first and then wet sieved at 63 μm. The residual fraction was oven-dried again prior foraminiferal picking. None of the foraminiferal specimens analysed for this study showed signs of dissolution. Modern (recently dead and rose Bengal stained) and fossil foraminifera (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}) were treated following the same published protocol^[@CR48]^. First, foraminifera were ultrasonically cleaned for a few seconds, so to remove any residual clays prior analysis. Organic matter was then removed as follows: (1) 2 rinses with ultrapure H~2~O; (2) 3 oxidative steps with hot buffered hydrogen peroxide (1:1 0.1 N extra pure NaOH, Acros Organics, and 30% low trace metals H~2~O~2~, Veritas) held at 70 °C for 30 minutes each step; (3) 5 rinses with ultrapure H~2~O. Finally, samples were leached 2 times with 0.001 N trace metal grade HNO~3~ (Fisher Scientific) followed by 2 final rinses in ultrapure H~2~O^[@CR48]^. At the end of the procedure, several foraminifera showed few rose Bengal stained spots. Because of this, an additional oxidative step was performed, followed by 5 rinses with ultrapure H~2~O. Samples were mounted in epoxy (EpoxyCure®, Buehler), and let dry overnight at room temperature. The epoxy mount was polished using 800 and 1200 grit silicon carbide papers (Buehler) and 1 μm Al~2~O~3~ powder (Mark V Laboratories) to expose the internal structure of each foraminiferal shell. In addition, several *M*. *barleeanus* specimens were mechanically broken on the longitudinal plane. Without any prior treatment, shell fragments were first inspected with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) Hitachi Tabletop Microscope TM-3000 (The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway). Then, the fragments were carbon-coated and analysed with a SEM Zeiss Merlin VP Compact (The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway). For preparation of sample PC06 5 34--35 cm see^[@CR49]^. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed at The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø (Tromsø, Norway) using an SEM Hitachi Tabletop Microscope TM-3000 equipped with a Bruker Quantax 70 EDS Detector. Measurements of several parameters (e.g., grain size, grain stretch length, thickness of calcite layer on both sides of the particle stretch; Supplementary Tables [S2](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"} and [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}) were conducted analysing SEM pictures with the software ImageJ^[@CR50]^. Prior measurement of the selected parameter(s), a scale was set using the scale bar associated with every picture analysed and the possibility to distinguish grain boundary was carefully evaluated. Reported grain size refers to the particle maximum diameter (Supplementary Table [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). EDS chemical maps were generated for every *M*. *barleeanus* specimen characterized by the presence of sedimentary particles. These maps were visually inspected for qualitative analyses of element distribution within the studied material and phase identification. To distinguish the foraminiferal calcite from the sedimentary particles, we focused on the presence of aluminium (Al), calcium (Ca), oxygen (O), silicon (Si), and sodium (Na) in the material analysed. Data are reported in Supplementary Table [S3](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"} and were used in the calculations regarding grain distribution. Quartz-like grains were distinguished based on the presence of O and Si in the particles. Feldspar-like grains were identified based on the presence of O, Si, and Al and/or Ca and/or Na. Selected *M*. *barleeanus* specimens from Core 880B MC and Core 893B MC were also analysed with a SEM Zeiss Merlin VP Compact equipped with an EDS x-max 80 system by Oxford instruments, combined with the analytical software AZtec (The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway). These samples were gold-coated prior analysis. These EDS data for chemical characterization are presented as point analyses and as a compositional map in Fig. [1](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}. A list of the EDS conditions used in this study is given in Supplementary Table [S4](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}. Phase identification via point analysis was conducted by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) using the SEM Zeiss Merlin VP Compact (The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway) equipped with a NordlysNano EBSD detector from Oxford instruments. The AZtec software was used for data acquisition and processing into an EBSD point map. The electron image used for the EBSD point map is a layered image from backscatter and forescatter imaging. For EBSD analysis, the manually polished epoxy mount was chemically polished with a colloidal silica solution (OP-U, Struers) as the detector takes its signal from the uppermost 50 nm of the sample surface. The sample was tilted to an angle of 70°. A list including the EBSD conditions used in this study and the detected phases is given in the Supplementary Table [S4](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}. Sediment sample analysis {#Sec8} ------------------------ A sediment sample from the Arctic Ocean was analysed to characterize the average mineralogical composition of the sediment in the area where Cores 880B MC and 893B MC were collected. In order to do so, the sediment fraction \<63 μm was dried, mounted on carbon tape, and carbon-coated. EDS analysis of the sample were conducted using a SEM Zeiss Merlin VP Compact equipped with an EDS x-max 80 system by Oxford instruments, combined with the analytical software AZtec (The Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway). Environmental conditions at Core 880B MC and Core 893B MC {#Sec9} --------------------------------------------------------- To further investigate the possibility of a relationship between the presence of sedimentary particles within the shell of *M*. *barleeanus* and the environment in which the foraminifera calcified their shell, we collected several environmental parameters in proximity of Core 880B MC and Core 893B MC. These two sites were chosen because of the availability of environmental data and "living" (rose Bengal stained) *M*. *barleeanus* specimens for analysis (Table [2](#Tab2){ref-type="table"}). In proximity of Core 880B MC and Core 893B MC, temperature and salinity were measured with a CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth) SBE 9 plus sensor, whereas pH was measured with a SBE25plus 1049. Close to the seafloor, temperature was 0.69 °C and 0.77 °C and salinity was 34.89‰ and 34.86‰ for locations near sites Core 880B MC and Core 893B MC, respectively. pH data were available from nearby stations and ranged from 8.021 to 8.257. All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its Supplementary Information files). Electronic supplementary material ================================= {#Sec10} Supplementary Information **Electronic supplementary material** **Supplementary information** accompanies this paper at 10.1038/s41598-018-28400-2. **Publisher\'s note:** Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The authors would like to acknowledge the captains and crewmembers onboard the R/V Helmer Hanssen for coring assistance and Dr. Daniel J. Fornari (WHOI -- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) for operating the MISO TowCam deep-sea imaging system. The authors also thank Dr. Antonio Caruso (University of Palermo) for providing *Melonis barleeanus* samples from the Mediterranean Sea, Katarzyna Melaniuk and Andrea Schneider (CAGE -- Centre of Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate) for their help with the foraminiferal picking, and Dr. Rachael James (NOC - National Oceanography Centre Southampton) for providing core PC06. C.B. is indebted to Dr. Dustin Trail (University of Rochester) for allowing the use of his laboratory during sample preparation. The authors thank Dr. Dustin Trail and Dr. Barun Sen Gupta for providing useful comments on an early version of the manuscript. The authors are grateful to Dr. Sam Bowser (Wadsworth Center), Dr. Jim de Yoreo (PNNL - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory), Dr. Jonathan Erez (Hebrew University of Jerusalem), Dr. Frans Jorissen (University of Angers), Dr. Hiroshi Kitazato (Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology), Dr. Aivo Lepland (NGU - Norwegian Geological Survey), and Dr. Claire Rollion-Bard (IPGP - Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris) for very useful discussions. The authors thank Dr. Lennart de Nooijer (NIOZ -- Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research) and one anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments, which greatly improved the paper. This research was supported by the Research Council of Norway through its Centre of Excellence funding scheme for CAGE (project number 223259) and by the NORCRUST project (grant number 255150) (G.P.). C.B. and G.P. conceived the project. G.P. supported the overall analyses, C.B. prepared the samples prior analysis, and T.M.D. and K.N. helped in the collection of SEM, EDS, and EBSD data. C.B. wrote the manuscript and interpreted the results in collaboration with G.P. All authors reviewed the manuscript. Competing Interests {#FPar1} =================== The authors declare no competing interests.

Effect of nicotine on levels of extracellular amino acids in regions of the rat brain in vivo. The local effect of nicotine on the extracellular levels of amino acids was examined in the striatum and frontal cortex of rats using microdialysis in vivo. The perfusion of 1 mM nicotine in Ringer's solution increased the extracellular levels of aspartic and glutamic acids by 40-50% in the striatum and had no effect on the levels of serine, glycine, glutamine, taurine or threonine. This effect of nicotine was dose- and Ca-dependent. At a 5 mM concentration, nicotine produced a more than 200% increase in the levels of aspartate, glutamate and taurine in the striatum; levels of glycine and threonine were also increased. Nicotine also increased the levels of these amino acids in the microdialysate from the frontal cortex. The effect of nicotine, tested in the striatum, was not influenced by mecamylamine or tetraethyl-ammonium chloride or haloperidol, but it was blocked by atropine. This indicated that muscarinic, cholinergic receptors participated in this effect of nicotine.

Involvement of GABAB receptors in biochemical alterations induced by anxiety-related responses to nicotine in mice: genetic and pharmacological approaches. Previous studies from our laboratory showed that anxiety-related responses induced by nicotine (NIC), measured by the elevated plus maze, were abolished by 2-OH-saclofen (GABAB receptor antagonist) (1 mg/kg; ip) or the lack of GABAB receptors (GABAB1 knockout mice). Based on these behavioral data, the aims of the present study were: 1) to evaluate the possible neurochemical changes (dopamine, DA, serotonin, 5-HT, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, DOPAC, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 5-HIAA and noradrenaline, NA) and the c-Fos expression induced by the anxiolytic (0.05 mg/kg) or anxiogenic (0.8 mg/kg) doses of NIC in the dorsal raphe (DRN) and lateral septal (LSN) nucleus; 2) to study the possible involvement of GABAB receptors on the neurochemical alterations and c-Fos expression induced by NIC (0.05 and 0.8 mg/kg), using both pharmacological (2-OH-saclofen) and genetic (mice GABAB1 knockout) approaches. The results revealed that in wild-type mice, NIC (0.05 mg/kg) increased the concentration of 5-HT and 5-HIAA (p < 0.05) in the DRN, and NIC (0.8 mg/kg) increased the levels of 5-HT (p < 0.01) and NA (p < 0.05) in the LSN. Additionally, 2-OH-saclofen pretreatment (1 mg/kg, ip) or the lack of GABAB receptors abolished these neurochemical changes induced by NIC (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). On the other hand, NIC 0.05 and 0.8 mg/kg increased (p < 0.01) the c-Fos expression in the DRN and LSN respectively, in wild-type mice. In addition, 2-OH-saclofen pretreatment (1 mg/kg, ip) or the lack of GABAB receptors prevented the c-Fos alterations induced by NIC (p < 0.01). In summary, both approaches show that GABAB receptors would participate in the modulation of anxiolytic- and anxiogenic-like responses induced by NIC, suggesting the potential therapeutic target of these receptors for the tobacco addiction treatment.

/* * Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP) and its related class files. * * ZAP is an HTTP/HTTPS proxy for assessing web application security. * * Copyright 2015 The ZAP Development Team * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package org.zaproxy.zap.extension.fuzz.payloads; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.Iterator; import org.zaproxy.zap.utils.ResettableAutoCloseableIterator; public class PayloadCollectionIterator<E extends Payload> implements ResettableAutoCloseableIterator<E> { private final Collection<E> payloads; private Iterator<E> payloadIterator; public PayloadCollectionIterator(Collection<E> payloads) { this.payloads = payloads; initIterator(); } private void initIterator() { payloadIterator = payloads.iterator(); } @Override public boolean hasNext() { return payloadIterator.hasNext(); } @Override public E next() { return payloadIterator.next(); } @Override public void remove() {} @Override public void reset() { initIterator(); } @Override public void close() {} }

Q: Leased Line, ISDN, Bonded ADSL or bunch of ADSL lines for internet connection? We're looking at moving our office shortly and we'll need to get our own internet connection (we currently have a 7Mbps LAN connection in our current building). We're based in the UK (centre of London) and we'll need at least a 5Mbps connection. We currently have 10 in office people with 2 VPN users: however, we'll be looking at expanding (within 2 months: hence the need for the new office) to at least 18 people in the office and 6 VPN users. We would also like to use the internet connection for Voice calls using VoIP. 4 people tend to use it for basic email/basecamp work (around 5-10Mb files), others a graphic designers (50Mb files), a couple watch streaming video from time to time (mainly the big boss), there is some online game play (not MMOs though: more flash games) for research and then 3 developers working with around a 100Mb code base. Given the choice between a leased line, ISDN lines, Bonded ADSL or just a bunch of ADSL lines: which would you recommend and why? Any you would particularly avoid and why? I know my choice/recommendation, but I'm asking here as somebody else here has a widely differing opinion and I'll like to check with true techs! A: You can bond 4 ADSL Max Premium lines together easily so that you can get around 2.4mb usable bandwidth upstream. It's theoretically possible to bond more than that, but at that point it's worth looking at the management of your bandwidth more carefully rather than letting everything have a free for all. It is also possible to bond SDSL and ADSL Max together. So with that you get big upload of the SDSL and the big download of the ADSL Max together, with all the failover and resilience of having it bonded. VoIP can be prioritised too, depending on how many concurrent calls you use - you might want to dedicate a line to VoIP, while maintaining failover to other lines in the bonded connection if it goes down. Check out www.evolving-networks.co.uk and they'll show you reference customers with all of those set ups. A: Avoid ISDN like the plague. I'm honestly shocked that telcos are still offering it in London; it's seriously old-hat tech, won't give you adequate bandwidth, and will cost you a small fortune (actually come to think of it I'm not surprised telcos are offering it...) My own feeling is that cost is only one factor to consider here. You're going to be in a position where reliability of the connection and the ability to guarantee a certain level of performance (which will have to be at least comparable to your old 7 meg circuit) will be crucial. Bearing that in mind, I would lean towards keeping things as simple as possible - the less there is that can go wrong, the less there is that will go wrong - and running with a leased line. I don't know what costs in the UK are like, but you might find that if you run a procurement/tendering exercise you can get substantially lower prices than if you just go direct to BT or whoever.

The Eternal Jew The Eternal Jew may refer to Wandering Jew, a mythical figure originating in medieval folklore The Eternal Jew (play), a 1906 Yiddish-language play by David Pinski The Wandering Jew (1933 film), a Yiddish-language movie made in the US by the Jewish Talking Picture Company The Eternal Jew (book), a 1937 antisemitic book published by the Nazi Party's publishing house The Eternal Jew (art exhibition), a Nazi exhibition of "degenerate art" from the late 1930s The Eternal Jew (1940 film), an antisemitic Nazi propaganda film directed by Fritz Hippler

Clark Hopkins Clark Hopkins (New York City, 16 September 1895 – 1976) was an American archaeologist. During the 1930s he led the joint French-American excavations at Dura Europos. In later years he was professor of art and archeology at the University of Michigan. References Category:American archaeologists Category:1895 births Category:1976 deaths Category:University of Michigan faculty

The use of semifluorinated alkanes in blood-substitutes. Semifluorinated alkanes are useful for blood-substitutes in two different ways: as co-surfactant to stabilize emulsions with perfluorocarbons as oxygen-carrier and as oxygen-carrier instead of perfluorocarbons. Semifluorinated alkanes act as co-surfactants in low concentrations because they are enriched at the interface perfluorodecalin/water. Emulsions with semifluorinated alkanes dissolve about the same amount of oxygen as emulsions with perfluorocarbons. The stability of these emulsions depends on the nature of the alkyl and the perfluoroalkyl chain. Semifluorinated alkanes do not eliminate hydrogen fluoride under clean-up conditions of perfluorocarbons. According to toxicity tests against human carcinoma cells semifluorinated alkanes with alkyl chains are harmless in the examined range from C6 to C10.

Pulse Oximeter Usefulness for Blood Pressure Monitoring in Patients Implanted With Latest-Generation Continuous-Flow Device HeartMate 3. The measurement of blood pressure (BP) and the management of hypertension in patients with continuous-flow ventricular assist devices (CF-VADs) can present unique challenges. Patients with CF-VADs often do not have a palpable pulse, and therefore traditional blood pressure measurement by auscultation or automated cuff is less reliable. We tested the efficacy of blood pressure estimation using sphygmomanometry combined with finger pulse oximetry only after a hemodynamic optimization was effected to make the values estimated approximately similar to mean arterial pressure. Fifteen consecutive patients with a mean age of 57.8 ± 11.2 years were implanted with HeartMate 3 between November 2015 and March 2017. All patients underwent pump speed optimization by conducting a ramp test during right heart catheterization. The patients were prospectively studied during the follow-up period and mean arterial pressure was estimated using 3 different methodologies: Doppler ultrasound, pulse oximeter, and automated blood pressure cuff. For each method 3 consecutive evaluations were conducted during 3 follow-up visits. For each patient, 9 different evaluations were obtained (3 for each method). The overall success rate was 100% for blood pressure assessment conducted with Doppler ultrasound and pulse oximeter and 80%-87% for automated monitor evaluations. The first 2 methodologies were 100% successful, while the third was 60% successful. Pearson's correlation analyses for the Doppler ultrasound and pulse oximeter measurements showed a good correlation when evaluations conducted with the same method were compared. A high variability emerged between estimations obtained by using an automated monitor and a poor correlation was found when this method was compared to the Doppler ultrasound and pulse oximeter measurements. According to our results, the pulse oximeter method showed a high success rate and a good correlation level with the standard procedure. Our data encourage the use of oximeters for domiciliary blood pressure assessment in patients implanted with a continuous flow device.

1. Field of the Invention: The present invention relates to a tiltable roller assembly for attachment to movable closure means such as a door or a window sash. 2. Prior Art: Tiltable roller assemblies have a tiltable roller which allows a window sash equipped with the assembly to move sideways in a direction parallel to the axis of the roller, thereby facilitating the locking of the window sash. One known such assembly is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Utility Model Publication No. 52-34548, published Mar. 11, 1977, and comprises an outer frame attachable to the lower rail of a window sash and an inner frame pivotally mounted in the outer frame and supporting a roller rotatably thereon. The inner frame is vertically adjustable by a screw extending threadedly through the outer frame into abutting engagement with the inner frame. Spring means act between the outer frame and the inner frame to urge the inner frame against one sidewall of the outer frame. Since the adjustment screw abuts directly against the inner frame, the screw and inner frame become gradually worn away as the inner frame is repeatedly tilted back and forth, requiring frequent vertical readjustments of the roller. When the adjustment screw is tightened excessively, the tilting movement of the inner frame becomes sluggish or even impossible. Another disadvantage with the prior tiltable roller assembly is that it must be available in two symmetrical constructions, one being the mirror image of the other, so as to make the adjustment screws easily accessible when they are located at both ends of the lower rail of a window sash.

Bell pledges England support for gay Davies England wicketkeeper Steven Davies will have the full support of his team-mates after publicly announcing he is gay, batsman Ian Bell told reporters on Monday. Surrey gloveman Davies, 24, is believed to be the first active professional cricketer to out himself and he explained why to Britain's Daily Telegraph newspaper by saying: "I just felt it was the right time for me. "It's something that I've obviously wanted to do for a long time. I've probably been comfortable with it now for a couple of years. "The reason why I've decided to make it public is simply because I think the more people who do it, the more acceptable it becomes." Davies, who was a member of England's victorious Ashes squad but did not play in the Tests, said he decided to reveal his sexuality to his team-mates before the tour of Australia and received the full support of his colleagues. He was in England's provisional 30-man squad for the World Cup but did not make the cut. "To speak out is a massive relief for me, but if I can just help one person to deal with their sexuality then that's all I care about," Davies said. Bell, talking to reporters at England's hotel in Bangalore the morning after their dramatic tie with joint hosts India, said Davies had a "massive future in English cricket" and that was all that mattered. "We knew before the Ashes series," Bell said of Davies's sexuality. "That didn't change anything for us. He is a very popular guy in our team, a good mate of mine and that doesn't change absolutely anything. "He went to (England coach) Andy Flower first and then it came to the group. I don't think it had any effect on any of the guys. We all supported him through the tour which could have been very difficult. Flower insisted: "Steve's private life is his own concern. "It has absolutely no bearing on his ability to excel at the very highest level in international sport." Davies, who said he told his family five years ago, revealed he was partly inspired to make the announcement by Wales rugby union international Gareth Thomas, who went public about his homosexuality in 2009. Left-handed batsman Davies made his international debut in a Twenty20 match against the West Indies in March 2009, playing his first one-day international against Australia later that year.

Hypertriglyceridemia as a possible risk factor for prostate cancer. We retrospectively studied anthropometric and laboratory parameters (including serum triglycerides, cholesterol), as well as comedication in 504 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer between January 1997 and August 2002 at a single referral center, and compared these patients with 565 age-matched patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. A positive correlation was found between serum triglycerides and prostate cancer (odds ratio: 1.148/mmol/l; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.003-1.315; P<0.05) after correcting for age, body mass index, diabetes and comedication with statins. Hypertriglyceridemia may increase the risk of prostate cancer, and the prognostic relevancy of serum triglycerides should be studied prospectively.

Q: The real meaning of time dilation Is this true or false: If A and B have clocks and are traveling at relative velocity to each other, then to B it APPEARS that A's clock moving slower, but A sees his own clock moving at normal speed. Similarly, to A it APPEARS that B's clock is moving slower, but B sees his own clock moving at normal speed. If the above is true, then both A seeing his own clock moving at normal speed and B seeing his own clock moving at normal speed means that in reality both clocks are moving at normal speed, and neither has slowed down, whereas the other person's clock APPEARING to move slowly is merely an illusion. Now is this true or false: If A and B have clocks and are traveling at relative velocity to each other, then A sees his own clock move slowly (compared to the speed of the clock when A was at rest with respect to B) and B sees his own clock move slowly, so that in reality both clocks are moving slowly, but they still remain synchronized (since both are slow by the same amount) If the above statement is not true, then why do muons decay slowly when moving fast? [it could only be possible if the muon saw its own clock as moving slowly. If we saw the muon's clock moving slowly, but the muon saw its own clock moving at the normal rate, then the muon would decay at the normal rate, and not slowly] Can anyone please explain where I went wrong? A: Take the two events when the muon is created, and when it decays. We'll choose the origins of the muon rest frame and the lab rest frame so their origins coincide at the point and time the muon is created i.e. the muon is created at (0, 0) in both frames. Both frames will agree about their relative velocity $v$. In the muon's rest frame it is stationary, so it is created at $(0, 0)$ and decays at $(t_\mu, 0)$, where $t_\mu$ is the muon lifetime (about 2.2$\mu$s). Now work out what happens in the lab. We've agreed the muon is created at $(0, 0)$ in both frames, so we just have to work out where the spacetime point $(t_\mu, 0)$ is in lab co-ordinates. Once we do that we'll have the lifetime of the muon as seen in the lab. The only safe way to do this (especially for beginners in SR) is to use the Lorentz transformations, which are: $$ t' = \gamma \left( t - \frac{vx}{c^2}\right) $$ $$ x' = \gamma \left( x- vt \right) $$ So the point $(t, x) = (t_\mu, 0)$ transforms to $(t', x') = (\gamma t_\mu, -\gamma vt_\mu)$. The lifetime of the muon in the lab frame is $\gamma t_\mu$, and in that time it manages to travel a distance $\gamma v t_\mu$: a result that is reassuring because it's just the velocity in the lab frame times the lifetime in the lab frame. The trouble is that you're trying to use hand waving arguments, and these are usually a minefield for the beginner because there are so many conceptual issues with SR. If you're trying to work through an apparent paradox in SR the only safe way to procede is to identify the key spacetime points and work out how they transform between frames. Response to comment: I didn't address your question about the relative rate clocks run because it isn't a helpful concept. Let me try an illustrate this by addressing your question about the muon. You are correct that the lab sees the muon clock run slow and the muon sees the lab clock run slow. I'm guessing (comment if I'm wrong) that you are puzzled because the situation is apparently symmetrical but the muon lifetime is different in the two frames. How can the apparent symmetry in clock rates produce an asymmetrical result? The reason for the asymmetry gets at the heart of SR, so actually you've asked an excellent question. The reason for the asymmetry is that in the muon rest frame the creation and decay take place at the same place, $x = 0$, but in the lab frame they take place in different places: creation at $x = 0$ and decay at $x = \gamma vt_\mu$. It's the asymmetry in the position that is related to the asymmetry in time. To see how this works you need to understand that the fundamental basis of SR is an invariance called the line element (also known as the proper time). Suppose you have two spacetime points $(t, x, y, z)$ and $(t+dt, x+dx, y+dy, z+dz)$ then the line element is defined by: $$ ds^2 = -c^2dt^2 + dx^2 + dy^2 + dz^2 $$ This should remind you of Pythagorus' theorem for the distance between two points in space, and indeed that's exactly the role it plays in SR. It is the spacetime distance between the two spacetime points. However you should note that unlike Pythagorus' theorem the $dt^2$ has a minus sign, and it's this minus sign that is responsible for all the weird effects in SR. The key point in SR (and GR in fact) is that the quantity $ds^2$ is an invariant i.e. all observers in all frames will agree it has the same value. Let's see how this applies to the muon. We can ignore $dy$ and $dz$ because we'll take the muon to be travelling along the $x$ axis, so $ds^2 = -c^2dt^2 + dx^2$. First calculate $ds^2$ between the muon creation and decay in the muon rest frame. Because in its rest frame the muon is stationary $ds^2 = -c^2dt^2$, so for the muon in its rest frame: $$ ds^2 = -c^2t_\mu^2 $$ So if we calculate $ds^2$ in the lab frame we should also find it's $-c^2t_\mu^2$, and I'll show this in a moment, but first I want to point out the underlying principles. I've said $ds^2$ has to be invariant, and that means I can add zero to it because adding zero doesn't change it's value. This may seem a silly thing to say, but suppose we take a change in time and $x$ such that: $$ ds_1^2 = -c^2dt_1^2 + dx_1^2 = 0 $$ i.e. we choose $dt_1$ and $dx_1$ so that when you calculate the line element $ds_1^2$ comes out zero. If $ds_1^2$ is zero I can add it to my line element $ds^2$ that I calculated above without changing its value. And this is the key point: I can add some $dx_1$ to the spacing between the spacetime points provided I add a corresponding $dt_1$ that ensures the net change in $ds^2$ is zero. This is exactly what happens in the lab frame. The $x$ spacing has changed because the creation and decay no longer happen in the same place, and to balance this the $t$ spacing has to change to keep $ds^2$ constant. This is the origin of time dilation. It's not really clocks running at different rates, it's that different observers will disagree about the $x$ and $t$ spacing of the events. It just remains to prove that $ds^2$ really is constant in the muon experiment. In the lab frame the two events are $(0, 0)$ and $(\gamma t_\mu, -\gamma vt_\mu)$ so $ds^2$ is given by: $$ \begin{split} ds^2 &= -c^2\gamma^2t_\mu^2 + \gamma^2v^2t_\mu^2 \\ &= \gamma^2 t_\mu^2 (v^2 - c^2) \\ &= \frac{v^2 - c^2}{1 - v^2/c^2} t_\mu^2 \\ &= \frac{v^2 - c^2}{c^2 - v^2} c^2 t_\mu^2 \\ &= -c^2t_\mu^2 \end{split} $$ and this is the same value we got in the muon rest frame. QED!

(function($) { $.extend($.summernote.lang, { 'fi-FI': { font: { bold: 'Lihavointi', italic: 'Kursivointi', underline: 'Alleviivaus', clear: 'Tyhjennä muotoilu', height: 'Riviväli', name: 'Kirjasintyyppi', strikethrough: 'Yliviivaus', subscript: 'Alaindeksi', superscript: 'Yläindeksi', size: 'Kirjasinkoko' }, image: { image: 'Kuva', insert: 'Lisää kuva', resizeFull: 'Koko leveys', resizeHalf: 'Puolikas leveys', resizeQuarter: 'Neljäsosa leveys', floatLeft: 'Sijoita vasemmalle', floatRight: 'Sijoita oikealle', floatNone: 'Ei sijoitusta', shapeRounded: 'Muoto: Pyöristetty', shapeCircle: 'Muoto: Ympyrä', shapeThumbnail: 'Muoto: Esikatselukuva', shapeNone: 'Muoto: Ei muotoilua', dragImageHere: 'Vedä kuva tähän', selectFromFiles: 'Valitse tiedostoista', maximumFileSize: 'Maksimi tiedosto koko', maximumFileSizeError: 'Maksimi tiedosto koko ylitetty.', url: 'URL-osoitteen mukaan', remove: 'Poista kuva', original: 'Alkuperäinen' }, video: { video: 'Video', videoLink: 'Linkki videoon', insert: 'Lisää video', url: 'Videon URL-osoite', providers: '(YouTube, Vimeo, Vine, Instagram, DailyMotion tai Youku)' }, link: { link: 'Linkki', insert: 'Lisää linkki', unlink: 'Poista linkki', edit: 'Muokkaa', textToDisplay: 'Näytettävä teksti', url: 'Linkin URL-osoite', openInNewWindow: 'Avaa uudessa ikkunassa' }, table: { table: 'Taulukko', addRowAbove: 'Lisää rivi yläpuolelle', addRowBelow: 'Lisää rivi alapuolelle', addColLeft: 'Lisää sarake vasemmalle puolelle', addColRight: 'Lisää sarake oikealle puolelle', delRow: 'Poista rivi', delCol: 'Poista sarake', delTable: 'Poista taulukko' }, hr: { insert: 'Lisää vaakaviiva' }, style: { style: 'Tyyli', p: 'Normaali', blockquote: 'Lainaus', pre: 'Koodi', h1: 'Otsikko 1', h2: 'Otsikko 2', h3: 'Otsikko 3', h4: 'Otsikko 4', h5: 'Otsikko 5', h6: 'Otsikko 6' }, lists: { unordered: 'Luettelomerkitty luettelo', ordered: 'Numeroitu luettelo' }, options: { help: 'Ohje', fullscreen: 'Koko näyttö', codeview: 'HTML-näkymä' }, paragraph: { paragraph: 'Kappale', outdent: 'Pienennä sisennystä', indent: 'Suurenna sisennystä', left: 'Tasaa vasemmalle', center: 'Keskitä', right: 'Tasaa oikealle', justify: 'Tasaa' }, color: { recent: 'Viimeisin väri', more: 'Lisää värejä', background: 'Korostusväri', foreground: 'Tekstin väri', transparent: 'Läpinäkyvä', setTransparent: 'Aseta läpinäkyväksi', reset: 'Palauta', resetToDefault: 'Palauta oletusarvoksi' }, shortcut: { shortcuts: 'Pikanäppäimet', close: 'Sulje', textFormatting: 'Tekstin muotoilu', action: 'Toiminto', paragraphFormatting: 'Kappaleen muotoilu', documentStyle: 'Asiakirjan tyyli' }, help: { 'insertParagraph': 'Lisää kappale', 'undo': 'Kumoa viimeisin komento', 'redo': 'Tee uudelleen kumottu komento', 'tab': 'Sarkain', 'untab': 'Sarkainmerkin poisto', 'bold': 'Lihavointi', 'italic': 'Kursiivi', 'underline': 'Alleviivaus', 'strikethrough': 'Yliviivaus', 'removeFormat': 'Poista asetetut tyylit', 'justifyLeft': 'Tasaa vasemmalle', 'justifyCenter': 'Keskitä', 'justifyRight': 'Tasaa oikealle', 'justifyFull': 'Tasaa', 'insertUnorderedList': 'Luettelomerkillä varustettu lista', 'insertOrderedList': 'Numeroitu lista', 'outdent': 'Pienennä sisennystä', 'indent': 'Suurenna sisennystä', 'formatPara': 'Muuta kappaleen formaatti p', 'formatH1': 'Muuta kappaleen formaatti H1', 'formatH2': 'Muuta kappaleen formaatti H2', 'formatH3': 'Muuta kappaleen formaatti H3', 'formatH4': 'Muuta kappaleen formaatti H4', 'formatH5': 'Muuta kappaleen formaatti H5', 'formatH6': 'Muuta kappaleen formaatti H6', 'insertHorizontalRule': 'Lisää vaakaviiva', 'linkDialog.show': 'Lisää linkki' }, history: { undo: 'Kumoa', redo: 'Toista' }, specialChar: { specialChar: 'ERIKOISMERKIT', select: 'Valitse erikoismerkit' } } }); })(jQuery);

Effect of Fas and Fas ligand deficiency in resistance of C57BL/6 mice to HSV-1 keratitis and chorioretinitis. To investigate the effect of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) deficiency on the development of herpes stromal keratitis and on the von Szily model of herpes retinitis in C57BL/6 mice, which are ordinarily resistant to development of both of these herpetic diseases. Anterior chamber inoculation of the right eye of each mouse with various titers of HSV-1 (KOS strain) was performed. Both eyes of each mouse were enucleated on postinoculation day 15 and processed for histopathologic examination. HSV-1 was inoculated into one cornea of other mice, and the severity of stromal keratitis was scored. Contralateral destructive chorioretinitis developed in susceptible Balb/cByj mice (19/23); ipsilateral chorioretinitis did not occur (0/23). Stromal keratitis developed in susceptible C.AL-20 mice (15/16). None of the C57BL/6 (0/10 for keratitis or 0/20 for retinitis) developed inflammation. Neither did B6.SMN.C3H.gld (FasL deficient; 0/12 or 0/28) or B6.MRL.lpr (Fas deficient; 0/11 or 0/34) mice (keratitis or contralateral chorioretinitis). Minimal scattering of inflammatory cells in the contralateral retina but not destructive chorioretinitis was observed in two C57BL/6, three B6.SMN.C3H.gld, and five B6.MRL.lpr mice. Few inflammatory cells were also found in the ipsilateral vitreous and vitreoretinal interface (but not destructive chorioretinitis) of all C57BL/6, two gld, and three lpr mice. Immune dysregulation secondary to deficiency in Fas or FasL system does not influence the resistance of the C57BL/6 mice to develop herpes simplex keratitis or destructive herpes simplex chorioretinitis.

Pharmacologic treatment for prehypertension: to treat or not to treat? The Seventh Joint National Committee on the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertension (VII JNC) introduced the term "prehypertension" to designate individuals whose systolic blood pressure (BP) levels are in the range of 120 to 139 mm Hg and diastolic BP between 80 and 89 mm Hg. The decision to establish this new BP category was based on a rate of progression to hypertension, its prevalence and association with other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, its relationship to the development of CVD, and its therapy. So, the prehypertension term was established to focus attention on a segment of the population who is at higher-than-normal CVD risk and in whom therapeutic approaches to prevent or delay the onset of hypertension would be of value. The VII JNC report has recommended the adoption of healthy lifestyles to achieve BP goals except in prehypertensive subjects with diabetes or chronic renal disease in whom drug treatment is also advocated. The treatment with antihypertensive drugs to prehypertension has been the subject of recent debate. The decision to use antihypertensive drug treatment should be based on global CVD risk rather than on specific levels of BP alone. This review article discusses the background, risk factors, treatment options and some recent patents related to hypertension.

Q: Limit jQuery Cookie Plugin to 1 hour I am creating a cookie using the jQuery cookie plugin. I want to limit it to 1 hour, instead of 1 day. Through the docs the lowest value that it gives an example of is 1 day. How can I lessen this value from 1 day, to 1 hour? jQuery.cookie('data', data, { expires: 1 }); // this limits to 1 day I came across this with just plan javascript, but It didn't seem to work for me with the plugin. Comes back with time() is not defined jQuery.cookie('data', data, { expires: time()+3600 }); // this limits to 1 day Is this possible? A: Use a Date object with the date of expiration jQuery.cookie('data', data, { expires: new Date(+new Date() + (60 * 60 * 1000)) });

John V of Naples John V (died 1042/53) was the son and successor of Sergius IV as Duke of Naples from 1034 until his death. In 1034 Pandulf IV of Capua instigated a revolt in Sorrento and annexed it to Capua. In the same year, Sergius IV's sister died and her husband, Rainulf Drengot, returned to Pandulf's allegiance. Broken in spirit, Sergius retired to the monastery of the Holy Saviour in insula maris, where the Castello del'Ovo now stands. He was succeeded by his son John V, who allied with Guaimar IV of Salerno, another enemy of Pandulf's. John was sent by Guaimar to Constantinople to beseech the aid of the Byzantine Emperor. During his absence, Sergius briefly came out of retirement to act as regent. Ultimately the emperor ignored his pleas. Sergius was back in his monastery by June 1036. John did homage to Guaimar and remained faithful to him throughout his reign. In 1038 he founded a church a Naples dedicated to Saint Simeon, although its location is unclear. Notes Sources Chalandon, Ferdinand. Histoire de la domination normande en Italie et en Sicilie. Paris, 1907. Category:1042 deaths Category:11th-century dukes of Naples Category:Year of birth unknown

import React from "react"; import { MediaGrid, ImageMediaGridItem } from "./MediaGrid"; import defaultThumbnailUrl from "../../assets/default-thumbnail.png"; import { VerticalScrollContainer } from "./Flex"; export default { title: "MediaGrid", component: MediaGrid }; export const mediaGrid = () => ( <VerticalScrollContainer height={320}> <MediaGrid> {new Array(25).fill(0).map((_, index) => ( <ImageMediaGridItem key={index} tabIndex={index} selected={index === 3} src={defaultThumbnailUrl} label={`Item ${index}`} /> ))} </MediaGrid> </VerticalScrollContainer> );

Q: Displaying category archive of custom post types I am woefully late to the party on Custom Post Types and only started using them quite recently, so apologies if my questions seems idiotic, but I can't seem to find an answer to my question. I've set up a custom post type called actors with a couple of custom field values, and (crucially), I'm using standard categories to separate these actors into men, women and children listings: 'taxonomies' => array('category', 'post_tag') ...since I thought that would be a much cleaner and neater way of... well, categorizing the actors. However, I'm completely stumped at how to actually display these categories in any way, shape or form. I have a custom archive-actors.php file which displays all of the actors, but I want to be able to filter them by category; e.g. only display the men. However if I guess at a standard URL like mysite.com/category/actors/men I just get Sorry, but there aren't any posts in the Men category yet. The same thing happens if I just try mysite.com/category/men - in neither case is it using the archive-actors.php template, either. Can anyone help clear away my fog of dull-mindedness and point me in the right direction so I can filter out these pesky actors? Edit: As @mrwweb alludes to below (and I forgot to mention I had tried), the following can be added to the functions.php file: function query_post_type($query) { $post_types = get_post_types(); if ( is_category() || is_tag()) { $post_type = get_query_var('actors'); if ( $post_type ) { $post_type = $post_type; } else { $post_type = $post_types; } $query->set('post_type', $post_type); return $query; } } add_filter('pre_get_posts', 'query_post_type'); ...as referenced here which does work, insofar as it will display my categorised custom post types on the regular archive.php page, but doesn't utilise my archive-actors.php, which is key. A: You can force use of your template for categories with the category_template filter: function wpa57439_category_template( $templates = '' ){ if( !is_array( $templates ) && !empty( $templates ) ) { $templates = locate_template( array( 'archive-actors.php', $templates ), false ); } elseif( empty( $templates ) ) { $templates = locate_template( 'archive-actors.php', false ); } else { $new_template = locate_template( array( 'archive-actors.php' ) ); if( !empty( $new_template ) ) array_unshift( $templates, $new_template ); } return $templates; } add_filter( 'category_template', 'wpa57439_category_template' ); adapted from Filter Hierarchy in codex.

Congratulations, I Hate You. Alesana no one ever said that life was fair and I'm not saying that it should be so knowing that you are what you want to. Similar presentations Presentation on theme: "Congratulations, I Hate You. Alesana no one ever said that life was fair and I'm not saying that it should be so knowing that you are what you want to."— Presentation transcript: 1 Congratulations, I Hate You. Alesana no one ever said that life was fair and I'm not saying that it should be so knowing that you are what you want to be and I'm not comes as no surprise but don't expect me to be happy for you and don't smile at me and tell me things will work out for me too I don't want your pity...I hate your pity taste your vanity and its sweet bitterness as you hide behind your veil of my stolen hopes and lost dreams...you took them all... I watched you steal my thoughts and had to see you smile as you build your dreams on my shattered hopes I'll look back on a day once loved and fantasize for tragedy beg me to make this easier and listen to my hopeless cries suffer alone in emptiness I lust to see you swallowed by the mess that you left in your wake disgust lies deep within your empty gaze... beg me to make this easier and listen as my hopeless cries send stares into your meaningless eyes my envy can't describe how I loathe you for having all the stars leaving my eyes to marvel the sky knowing it should be mine yet it's you I see wasting the dream that only I deserve I'll tear off your face to see your smile. as you build your dreams on my shattered hopes I'll look back on a day once loved and fantasize for tragedy beg me to make this easier and listen as my hopeless cries send stares into your meaningless eyes 2 Theme/Meaning The theme/meaning is that not everything goes your way, someone will get what you want and you’ll just Have to deal with that. No matter how hard you try it’s not going to change what’s happened. That Sometimes people will do things that hurt you, and that you can’t do anything about it, what’s done is Done. 3 Critique I like this song because it is by my favorite band, and it explains a lot of things that people go threw, it’s saying that not everything will go the way you want it to, and people just have to come to that realization. I chose this song because it was the song I was currently listening to, and I don’t know any poetry. 1.What is the theme of the poem? 2.Is there any metaphors in the first stanza? 3.Who/Is there a main character? 4.How many stanza’s are there? 5.What is this song trying to tell you?

Q: CSS3 Background Gradient I have this class set for a page I'm testing (just starting to try to implement CSS3 so go easy on me). .CSS3TESTDIV{ width:228px; height:300px; background-color: #fff3; background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(0% 100% 90deg, #0068b3, #fff); background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0% 100%, 0% 0%, from(#fff), to(#0068b3)); -moz-border-radius: 10px; -webkit-border-radius: 10px; border: 1px solid #0068b3; padding: 10px; margin:0 10px 0 0; -moz-box-shadow: 7px 7px 7px #888; -webkid-box-shadow: 7px 7px 7px #888; box-shadow: 7px 7x 7px #888; float:left; } Everything looks good in FF on PC and Mac, I know that IE does not support this. My question is about the gradient: From what I have above the gradient is fairly smooth, but I just want a little of the blue to creep up from the bottom, not fade up as high as i see it on my browser. I have played with the percentages and values, but I can't really seem to make it the way I want. How can i get the effect im looking for? Again, i want mostly white from top to bottom, and just a little of the blue at the bottom fading up. thanks A: You want to use color stops. So set the first color at 0%, second at 90%, and 3rd at 100% (which will be the blue). You can use this tool to get your desired effect http://gradients.glrzad.com/ Make sure you add a 3rd color though and position it at 90%. Cheers, Marko

Determinants of return-to-work among low back pain patients. This prospective study identifies physical, behavioral, and psychosocial correlates of subsequent employment status in a sample of low back pain patients. The sample of 150 subjects was drawn from 2 populations of persons with chronic low back pain: 87 individuals who were receiving care at a university low back pain clinic, and 63 individuals who had applied for (but not yet received) Social Security compensation on the basis of low back pain. All subjects had worked at least 3 months prior to their latest unemployment period and were currently out of work. Initial assessment included a medical history, physical examination, biomechanical testing, psychiatric interview, and MMPI testing. All subjects were followed up 6 months later to determine whether they had returned to work. Cross-sectional group comparisons at the time of initial assessment showed that, after controlling for the effects of age, the two samples differed on several physical and biomechanical measures, the Social Security group reflecting a more chronic picture. Group differences on physical variables were found, but most significant differences disappeared when adjusted for length of time out-of-work. Longitudinal analyses showed that few objective physical or biomechanical measures were associated with return-to-work at 6 months, while a number of psychosocial variables were significant predictors of 6-month work status. The data suggest that exclusive reliance on the physical examination to determine level of disability, without consideration of psychosocial conditions, and without adjusting for the confounding effects of age and length of time out-of-work, is not empirically justified. Logistic regression analysis was used to ascertain the relative contribution of each predictor to outcome and to illustrate the hypothetical effects of changes in the levels of selected risk factors on the likelihood of return-to-work. Implications for interventions with low back pain patients are discussed and future research directions suggested.

Q: Why i cannot allocate a a memory using a a base class type pointing to a derived class pointer? class a { int var; } class b :public a { int var2,var3; } int main() { a *poi; poi=new b; //b *poi2; //poi2=new a; return 0 } In above code,i was able to allocate a memory using a derived class type pointing to a base class pointer variable. i.e, a *poi=new b; But i was not able to allocate a memory using a a base class type pointing to a derived class pointer. i.e. b *poi=new a; Why the following memory allocation is not possible? What is the logic behind it? A: That's not about memory allocation but about inheritance. Fruit* f = new Apple works well, but Apple* a = new Fruit would give you a incomplete apple, or even a banana, so compiler doesn't allow you doing that. Both pointers have same size, and you could use a unsafe static cast to store a fruit pointer into a apple pointer, but you should avoid doing that

Scholastic’s Geography Spin Magazine Features Hōkūleʻa Hōkūleʻa and the Mālama Honua Worldwide Voyage were the feature topic of the February 2016 edition of Scholastic’s Geography Spin, a monthly geography-themed supplement to the classroom magazine ScholasticNews. For the article, crewmember Jenna Ishii was interviewed by Scholastic about her experiences learning about Hōkūleʻa as a student and sailing on her now. The article explained how Polynesian navigators guide the canoe without the use of instruments and told of Hōkūleʻa’s current journey around the world to collect and connect stories of hope of ocean, earth and community stewardship. The article is tied to an activity on estimating distances using a map of the first 3 legs of the Worldwide Voyage and includes a supplemental video, geography game and vocabulary words. As Hōkūleʻa nears her first touch of the continental US in the Worldwide Voyage, it is exciting to have the canoe and the voyage featured in such a broadly distributed publication – Scholastic’s multiple classroom publications are distributed to a total of over 28 million students! In addition to classroom distribution, the issue is available online along with associated lessons. Happy Birthday, Hōkūleʻa! Help us celebrate Hōkūleʻa’s 41st birthday by becoming a member, or gifting membership to another! On March 8, the iconic deep-sea voyaging canoe Hōkūleʻa celebrates her 41st birthday! Our master navigators use the stars, waves, wind, and birds to find their way, following in the wake of their ancestors. Hōkūleʻa has journeyed more than 150,000 miles over the past 41 years, and a new generation of navigators is sailing around the world to explore how people and communities are working to Mālama Honua – care for our Island Earth. We need your support to keep us voyaging – please visit www.hokulea.com/donate/ to help.

Q: javascript: var i is not defined? (clearly defined) WHAT I WANT TO HAPPEN So what I want to happen is function partA() to click button [z] every 2 seconds. The button that is being clicked should change, because the script is a looping script, so for instance. The first loop, it would click button 1, then button 2, then button 3, because var z = 1 + i++. Is this possible? z is supposed to equal the number 1, plus the loop number. This should loop as long as variable i is less than 50. WHAT IS HAPPENING It works properly, looping and all, if I test the script without variable z. However, without variable z, I have to manually change the number that would equal z, which is painstaking, and annoying. var z = 1 + i++ for(i=0;i<50;i++) { setInterval(partA, 2000); function partA() { buttons = document.getElementsByTagName('button'); document.getElementsByTagName('button')[z].click(); } } Should i++ be defined another way? The error I'm getting when running the script in console is: Uncaught ReferenceError: i is not defined (...) at :2:13 at Object.InjectedScript._evaluateOn (:878:140) at Object.InjectedScript._evaluateAndWrap (:811:34) at Object.InjectedScript.evaluate (:667:21) A: Why are you trying to define z outside the loop? Just use i. for (var i = 0; i < 50; i++) { ... document.getElementsByTagName('button')[i].click(); }

The effects of flight complexity on gaze entropy: An experimental study with fighter pilots. We studied the effects of task load variations as a function of flight complexity on combat pilots' gaze behavior (i.e., entropy) while solving in-flight emergencies. The second company of the Spanish Army Attack Helicopter Battalion (n = 15) performed three sets of standardized flight exercises with different levels of complexity (low [recognition flights], medium and high [emergency flights]). Throughout the flight exercises we recorded pilots' gaze entropy, as well as pilots' performance (assessed by an expert flight instructor) and subjective ratings of task load (assessed by the NASA-Task Load Index). Furthermore, we used pilots' electroencephalographic (EEG) activity as a reference physiological index for task load variations. We found that pilots' gaze entropy decreased ∼2% (i.e., visual scanning became less erratic) while solving the emergency flight exercises, showing a significant decreasing trend with increasing complexity (p < .05). This is in consonance with the ∼12% increase in the frontal theta band of their EEG spectra during said exercises. Pilots' errors and subjective ratings of task load increased as flight complexity increased (p-values < .05). Gaze data suggest that pilots used nondeterministic visual patterns when the aircraft was in an error-free state (low complexity), and changed their scanning behavior, becoming more deterministic, once emergencies occurred (medium/high complexity). Overall, our findings indicate that gaze entropy can serve as a sensitive index of task load in aviation settings.

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James Gambier, 1st Baron Gambier Admiral of the Fleet James Gambier, 1st Baron Gambier, (13 October 1756 – 19 April 1833) was a Royal Navy officer. After seeing action at the capture of Charleston during the American Revolutionary War, he saw action again, as captain of the third-rate , at the battle of the Glorious First of June in 1794, during the French Revolutionary Wars, gaining the distinction of commanding the first ship to break through the enemy line. Gambier went on to be a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty and First Naval Lord and then served as Governor of Newfoundland. Together with General Lord Cathcart, he oversaw the bombardment of Copenhagen during the Napoleonic Wars. He later survived an accusation of cowardice for his alleged inaction at the Battle of the Basque Roads. Early career Born the second son of John Gambier, the Lieutenant Governor of the Bahamas and Deborah Stiles, Gambier was brought up in England by his aunt, Margaret Gambier, and her husband, Admiral Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham. He was a nephew of Vice-Admiral James Gambier and of Admiral Lord Barham and became an uncle of the novelist and travel writer Georgiana Chatterton. Gambier entered the Navy in 1767 as a midshipman on board the third-rate , commanded by his uncle, which was serving as a guardship in the Medway, and followed him to serve on board the 60-gun fourth-rate in 1769 where he served on the North American Station. He transferred to the 50-gun fourth-rate under Rear Admiral Parry, in 1772, in the Leeward Islands. Gambier was placed on the sloop and was then posted to England to serve on the 74-gun third-rate , a guardship at Spithead. He was commissioned as a lieutenant on 12 February 1777, in which rank he served successively in the sloop , the 24-gun frigate , the third-rate under Vice-Admiral Lord Shuldham, and then in under his uncle's flag. Lord Howe promoted Gambier to commander on 9 March 1778 and gave him command of the bomb ship , which was promptly dismasted and surrendered to the French. He was taken prisoner for a short period and, after having been exchanged, he was made a post captain on 9 October 1778 and appointed to the 32-gun fifth-rate HMS Raleigh and saw action at the capture of Charleston in May 1780 during the American Revolutionary War. He was appointed commander of fifth-rate , cruising in British waters, later in the year. In 1783, at the end of the War, he was placed on half-pay. In February 1793 following the start of the French Revolutionary Wars, Gambier was appointed to command the 74-gun third-rate under Lord Howe. By faith an evangelical, he was regarded as an intensely religious man, nicknamed Dismal Jimmy, by the men under his command. As captain of the Defence Gambier saw action at the battle of the Glorious First of June in 1794, gaining the distinction of commanding the first ship to break through the enemy line and subsequently receiving the Naval Gold Medal. Senior command Gambier was appointed to the Board of Admiralty led by Earl Spencer in March 1795. Promoted to rear-admiral on 1 June 1795, he became First Naval Lord in November 1795. Promoted to vice-admiral on 14 February 1799, Gambier left the Admiralty after the fall of the first Pitt ministry in February 1801 and became third-in-command of the Channel Fleet under Admiral William Cornwallis, with his flag in the 98-gun second-rate . He went on to be governor and commander-in-chief of Newfoundland Station in March 1802. In that capacity he gave property rights over arable land to local people allowing them to graze sheep and cattle there and also ensured that vacant properties along the shore could be leased to local people. It was around that time that he also bought Iver Grove in Buckinghamshire. Gambier then returned to the Admiralty as a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty and First Naval Lord on the Admiralty Board led by Viscount Melville when the second Pitt ministry was formed in May 1804. Promoted to full admiral on 9 November 1805, Gambier left the Admiralty in February 1806. He returned briefly for a third tour as First Naval Lord on the Admiralty Board led by Lord Mulgrave when the Second Portland Ministry was formed in April 1807. In May 1807 Gambier volunteered to command the naval forces, with his flag in the second-rate HMS Prince of Wales, sent as part of the campaign against Copenhagen during the Napoleonic Wars. Together with General Lord Cathcart, he oversaw the bombardment of Copenhagen from 2 September until the Danes capitulated after three days (an incident that brought Gambier some notoriety in that the assault included a bombardment of the civilian quarter). Prizes included eighteen ships of the line, twenty-one frigates and brigs and twenty-five gunboats together with a large quantity of naval stores for which he received official thanks from Parliament, and on 3 November 1807 a peerage, becoming Baron Gambier, of Iver in the County of Buckingham. Battle of the Basque Roads In 1808 Gambier was appointed to command the Channel Fleet. In April 1809 he chased a squadron of French ships that had escaped from Brest into the Basque Roads. He called a council of war in which Lord Cochrane was given command of the inshore squadron, and who subsequently led the attack. Gambier refused to commit the Channel Fleet after Cochrane's attack, using explosion vessels that encouraged the French squadron to warp further into the shallows of the estuary. This action resulted in the majority of the French fleet running aground at Rochefort. Gambier was content with the blockading role played by the offshore squadron. Admiral Sir Eliab Harvey, who had commanded "Fighting Temeraire" at the Battle of Trafalgar, believed they had missed an opportunity to inflict further damage upon the French fleet. He told Gambier "I never saw a man so unfit for the command of a fleet as Your Lordship." Cochrane threatened to use his parliamentary vote against Gambier in retaliation for not committing the fleet to action. Gambier called for a court martial to examine his conduct. The court martial, on 26 July 1809 on Gladiator in Portsmouth, exonerated Gambier. Consequently, neither Harvey nor Cochrane were appointed by the Admiralty to command for the remainder of the war. The episode had political and personal overtones. Gambier was connected by family and politics to the Tory prime minister William Pitt. In Parliament, Cochrane represented the constituency of Westminster, which tended to vote Radical. In the aftermath of Basque Roads, Cochrane and Gambier quarreled and Gambier resentfully excluded Cochrane from the battle dispatches. There is little wonder that Cochrane took the unusual move of standing in opposition to parliament's pro forma vote of thanks to Gambier. Later career In 1814 Gambier was part of the team negotiating the Treaty of Ghent, ending the War of 1812 between Britain and the United States. He was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 7 June 1815. Promoted to Admiral of the Fleet on 22 July 1830, he died at his home, Iver Grove in Buckinghamshire, on 19 April 1833 and was buried at St. Peter's churchyard in Iver. Legacy Gambier was a founding benefactor of Kenyon College in the United States, and the town that was founded with it. Gambier, Ohio is named after him, as is Mount Gambier, the city and extinct volcano in South Australia, and Gambier Island in British Columbia. Gambier appears as a minor character near the end of Flying Colours, a 1938 Horatio Hornblower novel by C. S. Forester. Personal life In July 1788 Gambier married Louisa Matthew; they had no children. See also Governors of Newfoundland List of people of Newfoundland and Labrador References Sources External links |- |- |- |- Category:1756 births Category:1833 deaths Category:Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom Category:Peers of the United Kingdom created by George III Category:Royal Navy admirals of the fleet Category:Kenyon College people Category:Lords of the Admiralty Category:Royal Navy personnel of the American Revolutionary War Category:Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars Category:British naval commanders of the Napoleonic Wars Category:Governors of Newfoundland Colony Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Category:Bahamian diaspora Category:Bahamian emigrants to the United Kingdom Category:Bahamian emigrants to England Category:Bahamian people of British descent Category:Bahamian people of English descent Category:Bahamian people of European descent Category:English people of Bahamian descent Category:British people of Bahamian descent Category:Royal Navy officers who were court-martialled

/* * Copyright 2010 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package org.drools.examples.troubleticket; import org.kie.api.KieServices; import org.kie.api.runtime.KieContainer; import org.kie.api.runtime.KieSession; import org.kie.api.runtime.rule.FactHandle; /** * This shows off a decision table. */ public class TroubleTicketExampleWithDT { public static void main(final String[] args) { KieContainer kc = KieServices.Factory.get().getKieClasspathContainer(); execute( kc ); } public static void execute( KieContainer kc ) { KieSession ksession = kc.newKieSession( "TroubleTicketWithDTKS" ); final Customer a = new Customer( "A", "Drools", "Gold" ); final Customer b = new Customer( "B", "Drools", "Platinum" ); final Customer c = new Customer( "C", "Drools", "Silver" ); final Customer d = new Customer( "D", "Drools", "Silver" ); final Ticket t1 = new Ticket( a ); final Ticket t2 = new Ticket( b ); final Ticket t3 = new Ticket( c ); final Ticket t4 = new Ticket( d ); ksession.insert( a ); ksession.insert( b ); ksession.insert( c ); ksession.insert( d ); ksession.insert( t1 ); ksession.insert( t2 ); final FactHandle ft3 = ksession.insert( t3 ); ksession.insert( t4 ); ksession.fireAllRules(); t3.setStatus( "Done" ); ksession.update( ft3, t3 ); try { System.err.println( "[[ Sleeping 5 seconds ]]" ); Thread.sleep( 5000 ); } catch ( final InterruptedException e ) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.err.println( "[[ awake ]]" ); ksession.dispose(); } }

The Logic of Chance The Logic of Chance is the second album by dan le sac vs Scroobius Pip, released on 15 March 2010. The name of the album was taken from the title of a book by John Venn, the inventor of the Venn Diagram. Track listing The track "Cauliflower" features an American female singer who performs under the pseudonym Kid A. The track "Cowboi" features Bristol-based musician Kid Carpet. References Category:2010 albums Category:Dan le Sac Vs Scroobius Pip albums Category:Sunday Best (music company) albums

Domain name branding DIY-style for small business websites Want to take the great new domain you've just registered for your small business website and start building it up into a well-established, profitable brand? Don't go straight to outsourcing just because you're a bit uncertain. See how you get on with these DIY domain name branding ideas! You may find you're the right person for the job! Your domain name is at the core of your brand identity So you’ve picked out and secured the perfect domain name for your small business website, and it’s ready to sit at the core of your growing brand. Now, you just need to make sure that everything about your domain reflects that brand so it can attract positive associations online. (Not like this). Easier said than done. Depending on your level of technical expertise, you may not feel comfortable making complicated changes to your website, but there are some things you can definitely take care of. Through the use of guides and some user-friendly tools, it’s entirely possible for any website owner to keep their domain on-brand without having to outsource everything. Trust me, it’s possible to do this DIY style, and come out with an awesome looking website at the end of it. Let’s go through how you can take a hands-on approach to customising your domain. Create a website with a consistent visual style No matter which page or even site your users are on, you want them to know from the aesthetic alone that they’re on your domain. The way to achieve this is to set up and consistently implement a visual style unique to your brand. Pick out a colour palette, a font (or selection of fonts), and a clean logo, and think about your layouts — every page should draw from the same assortment of transitions, effects, and structures. (There are loads of free open-source fonts you can pick and choose from — simply upload them to your site). If you have multiple sites on your domain and want them to feel distinct, you can retain that domain familiarity by using variations on your basic styling. Take your colour palette and shift the hues, for instance, or just swap out the main colour and leave everything else the same. This is a decent DIY-branding task for technical novices because it doesn’t require that much technical knowledge. Modern website themes make it pretty easy to customise branded features, and most have some sort of ‘drag and drop’ editor. And if you get stuck — it’s pretty easy to find affordable web designers and developers out there. Just be careful about outsourcing your small business website, as it can be pretty tough to vet credentials. Your best bet — find a recommendation from someone you trust. Provide brand guidelines and history As your domain attracts more attention over time, you’ll want to make sure that people mentioning your brand online have a good idea of who you are, what your goals are, and how you define yourself. That’s why having a succinct but comprehensive brand guidelines page is extremely valuable for your small business website. And don’t forget the all-important “About Us” page either. This is your chance to announce who you are to the world, and make noise about your values. Your brand guidelines should collate all the information and resources you want people to have access to when talking about you, including all the visual styling elements we just covered, how you want your website(s) to be listed (capitalisation, size, format, etc.), a brief history of your website(s), the tone of voice you prefer, and anything additional you think is justified. There are plenty of great tutorials out there that show you how to create brand guidelines for your small business site — such as this one from 99designs — so don’t feel intimidated just because it seems like a very complex task. Plus, you don’t need to do it all at once. Just get a page up and add to it over time when you have the capacity, and remember to make people aware that it’s there to be used, especially if you’re working with the press. Brand guidelines are also a great internal mission statement, and will help you when working with freelance copywriters and graphic designers. Use your domain name to establish authority Remember — your website and domain need to have a function in order to succeed. Who are you talking to? What are you trying to achieve? What is your audience trying to achieve? What is your purpose? It isn’t just enough to get your brand name out there — it needs to have a positive association attached to it, or all your promotion will prove counterproductive. A great way to get that kind of positive reputation early on is to show that you can offer some authority in your chosen field. Producing valuable resources relevant to your industry is a fantastic way to do this. Everyone is looking for fresh high-quality content, and they’ll gladly link to your domain and display your branding if you supply, for example, an eye-catching infographic with some good information. At the same time, think further than infographics. Maybe a branded asset like an ebook or white paper is more appropriate? Or what about a branded blog or podcast? I like the (free) CoSchedule Headline Analyzer when I am trying to come up with better titles for my blogs. Getting set up on social media will also help, as long as you can commit to taking it seriously. By connecting with influential figures in your niche, and consistently offering expert advice, you can win a solid influx of traffic from domain links in your social profiles. Create some branded social media photos and make sure that you populate your social profiles with posts around your domain launch. (And hey — you can start seeding your brand on social before you even launch your website). Build trust with a domain-specific email address When it comes to website branding, you can’t afford to overlook your email. It’s the heart of your business for formal communication. If you use it correctly, it’s also a powerful and cost-effective marketing tool: a branded email domain is one of the most effective ways to establish your small business's credibility. If your emails are generic or handled poorly, it won’t look good. You could even end up blacklisting your domain if you don’t take email rules seriously (hello, GDPR) — so be cautious. Your email activity may not seem all that strenuous now, but as you grow your small business's reputation and build up traffic, you’ll need a robust way of dealing with admin tasks. Think about handling inquiries, support requests, and complaints. For maintaining a clear branded image in your formal communications, Ox Mail is a strong and affordable option. If you end up deciding to engage in some email marketing, it will be extremely important that readers can tell very quickly that they're reading your content, as our attention spans aren’t very long. Email tools allow you to quickly build complex and fully-branded emails using sophisticated templates. But don’t forget to refine those subject lines first! It’s a good idea to play it quite safe in the early days while you are still building up reader trust. As with the chicken and the egg — you actually need email subscribers in order to market to them. AddThis is compatible with most email platforms and domains, so it’s worth using software to help you get results faster. Just make sure subscribers know what they are signing up for. Constant email barrage — no thank you! Watch your small business website take off! Your domain is so much more than just a website - it's the virtual home for your brand and all the people who believe in you. Take it seriously. With a bit of know-how and planning, your domain name branding efforts are sure to pay off. Half-Finnish, half-British marketer based in the sunny South West of England. I love to write and explore themes like content marketing & entrepreneurship. I manage a small team of writers at a boutique agency. Former poet.

Effects of tributyltin, benzo[a]pyrene, and their mixture on antioxidant defense systems in Sebastiscus marmoratus. It has been reported that there is a metabolic interaction between tributyltin (TBT), an organometal used as an antifouling biocide, and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a widespread carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. This study was therefore designed to examine the potential in vivo influence of TBT, BaP, and their mixture on hepatic antioxidant defense systems of Sebastiscus marmoratus, which were given a single ip injection of TBT (0.5, 1, 5, and 10mg/kg), BaP (0.5, 1, 5, and 10mg/kg), or both in combination (0.5, 1, 5, and 10mg/kg); control fish received olive oil vehicle only. Samples were collected for biochemical analysis after injection for 7 days. Cotreatment with BaP caused a significant inhibition of TBT-mediated malondialdehyde contents elevation. Cotreatment with TBT decreased BaP-mediated glutathione peroxidase activity induction. Cotreatment with TBT and BaP did not significantly alter the reduced glutathione levels, which were significantly induced by TBT or BaP alone. TBT-induced suppression of BaP bioactivation or BaP-induced stimulation of the phase II metabolism of TBT and its biliary excretion, both of which have been reported previously, could explain the observed antagonism. The results suggest that combined exposure of TBT and BaP increases the vulnerability of the fish to oxidative stress. BaP cotreatment decreased the induction of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity by the lower dose of TBT, while cotreatment with TBT and BaP at the highest dose (10mg/kg) resulted in inhibition of the GST activity by 4.8-fold. The results suggest that these biomarkers should be interpreted with caution in biomonitoring studies. Combined effects of TBT and BaP exposure at environmental levels on these biomarkers should be further researched.

First caught in the unconscious, modified by the conscious, ‘Translations...’ is a product of a human brain. Nothing is brought through and written here that does not have the influence and creativity of the inner mind, nor is unaffected by the workings and experiences of the outer brain. Translations of the Discussions with “The WE” I wish to be in contact with those whom I have communicated with before, with “The WE.” Am I in contact? Yes, Dear One, You are always with us. I have on my mind today, the presence many are beginning to place into 21st century words - the idea of a force, a flow. That the Universe might have, superimposing itself over our known reality, another reality, I know is still disputed. However, from reading and speaking with others, it is becoming more obvious that people are seeking more information for the strange singularities and coincidences that occur in each of our lives at times. Today I would wish to explore the flow in more of its aspects. In its duality and range, and whether the flow is not from one, but from a multiple of sources. Dear One, we recognize that you are writing this for the blogs you do, and for your website. We should therefore say that you do know much of what we will advance as ideas for your consideration. The flow as we experience it, as it activates us, or better to say as it passes through us, is unified, undivided. With the flowing into the creation worlds, it then separates into multiple streams. Many would say it splits to positive and negative centers, which then disseminates further into various aspects as it manifests energy: thought, emotion, and elements for construction such as bodies and structural containment. We would add caution however to the idea that flow splits first into two, negative and positive energies, before it manifests as other energy. Energy precursor is much more than two extremes, or two divergences. Thank you for your answers, which spin me into a multiple of questions myself. To grasp one question, I would ask for your confirmation as to when flow is no longer one, but multiple? Then I would seek more specific insight into that which is positive and that which is negative. Where one reaches for this precursor energy within the creative universes is from neither one field, thought of as being positive, nor from a complete negative state. Such areas do exist, but are extremely difficult to remain within. Within the complete negative we would become nothing, so that we again become everything. Within the complete positive we would become everything, so that within the creative Universe we are nothing. The precursor flow acts as a coherence, as it becomes immiscibility, as it acts as freedom, as it acts as containment. All of these are aspects of the multiple energies. Dear One, I believe that you would wish to take a break, so go on, have a cup of coffee. We will be here, and with you while you have it. I am back, thank you. I understand the idea of morality, of good and bad, evil and good, is based upon natural observation. It is also based upon socialized conditioning. As we develop and become aware of greater sentience, and begin to observe our decision making with increasing rationality, is it possible that we are more accurately able to tune into the precursor energy flow? Yes, Dear One, we would say that greater clarity, while blinding if pursued to an extreme, brings with it ever greater observation of the flow. It could not be otherwise. Here we would state that one within the creative Universe, pursuing extreme clarity, acts as a signal to leave such Universe. Pursuing contact with the flow does not create such a signal. The more one becomes knowledgeably bathed within the flow, the more one becomes stabilized. But “The WE” do not have such law, is that correct? “The WE” in its abiding home absorb the fullness of the flow. “The WE” are not within the creative universe. There is no mind “The WE” uses, as the creative world understands mind. Therefore there is no mind activity to give either extreme clarity or dullness. Thank you. For my own clarity, I am reasoning from the above the following: Our development has translated actions and decisions into ‘good,’ ‘neutral,’ those actions and decisions that we are not sure about but fall some side of the dichotomy, and those decisions that on reflection could be considered harmful or ‘evil.’ With development and further experience our reasoning changes, providing of course that we retain knowledge of all past experience and its outcome. Unfortunately this seldom happens. Knowledge is not retained. It is lost between epochs, and within epochs often smothered inside translations we call religious wisdom. Within the precursor flow, knowledge is retained. All knowledge is retained. The precursor flow is not merely pre-energy. It is also pre-knowledge. The purpose of the flow then, in its diversity, is to act also as an educational tool? Again, Dear One, we would say the flow is completeness. There is no dichotomy as such, only a splintering into aspects. The flow acts, within the creative universe, as a means of guidance, as a means of recognition that opens you to us. If that is an educational tool, so be it. A thousand questions spring to mind. If the flow is a means of guidance, is a conveyor of recognition that opens you to us, and we are you, as you have stated many times, then how do we make sense of that? The flow has a purpose, or at least has within it, elements that brings us to something that we are, yet have not become. That does not make sense. We would have to fall back upon our time-honored statement. This does not make sense in a linear thought world. We cannot make it make sense to you. All we can proceed upon is to link ideas that perhaps do make sense. In previous writing it is stated: “A molding, a continuing assemblage of the ‘computer-in-the-sky,’ (is) within the flow. And a molding, a connecting of, as you call it, the Universal Mind, (is) a connecting that links each mind.” To explain the precursor flow further, we would say the precursor flow has within it the continuing assemblage of the ‘computer-in-the-sky.’ The Universal Mind, as it is more generally termed, is a process all sentience taps into. It is this ‘OverMind’ that keeps the Universe contemporary, in the sense of synchronous manifestations. In the fitting together of realities, of sections and parts of inestimable societies and mind - within confines of planets and orbital clusters, within galaxies that know some or nothing of each other - the Universal Mind allows for contemporary exchange. All brothers and sisters, so to speak? All cousins in their many varieties perhaps would be the better description. Thank you again for being with me. I have to end now, as I am completely exhausted. I do appreciate your attempts at allowing me to float through these thoughts. We understand. Thank you Dear One. We will enjoy your return. kewe note: As I was searching for various meanings for the words in my head while typing this discussion, I came across this website and this poem. A coincidence I believe that is not coincidence: A rose plucked from the bush continues to emit fragrantly After leaving us physically the presence of people continue in our lives through the influence they had while with us By acting caringly we become aware of the consciousness of continuance Our caring actions a boomerang returning to us now and later as an improved world

# Copyright (C) 2019 Automattic # This file is distributed under the GNU General Public License v2 or later. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Maywood 1.4.2\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: http://wordpress.org/support/theme/maywood\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2019-08-28 16:20:11+00:00\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2019-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <[email protected]>\n" #: functions.php:30 msgid "Small" msgstr "" #: functions.php:31 msgid "S" msgstr "" #: functions.php:36 msgid "Normal" msgstr "" #: functions.php:37 msgid "M" msgstr "" #: functions.php:42 msgid "Large" msgstr "" #: functions.php:43 msgid "L" msgstr "" #: functions.php:48 msgid "Huge" msgstr "" #: functions.php:49 msgid "XL" msgstr "" #: functions.php:61 msgid "Primary" msgstr "" #: functions.php:66 msgid "Secondary" msgstr "" #: functions.php:71 msgid "Black" msgstr "" #: functions.php:76 msgid "Dark Gray" msgstr "" #: functions.php:81 msgid "Gray" msgstr "" #: functions.php:86 msgid "Light Gray" msgstr "" #: functions.php:91 msgid "Subtle Gray" msgstr "" #: functions.php:96 msgid "White" msgstr "" #. Translators: If there are characters in your language that are not supported #. by IBM Plex Sans, translate this to 'off'. Do not translate into your own #. language. #: functions.php:127 msgctxt "IBM Plex Sans font: on or off" msgid "on" msgstr "" #. Theme Name of the plugin/theme #: wp-content/themes/pub/maywood/style.css msgid "Maywood" msgstr "" #. Theme URI of the plugin/theme #: wp-content/themes/pub/maywood/style.css msgid "https://github.com/Automattic/themes/tree/master/maywood" msgstr "" #. Description of the plugin/theme #: wp-content/themes/pub/maywood/style.css msgid "" "Maywood is a refined theme designed for restaurants and food-related " "businesses seeking a modern look." msgstr "" #. Author of the plugin/theme #: wp-content/themes/pub/maywood/style.css msgid "Automattic" msgstr "" #. Author URI of the plugin/theme #: wp-content/themes/pub/maywood/style.css msgid "https://automattic.com/" msgstr ""

Effect of ibuprofen on heterotopic ossification after hip replacement. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was made of the influence of the anti-inflammatory agent ibuprofen on heterotopic ossification after total hip replacement for arthrosis, fracture or rheumatoid arthritis. Seven drop-outs left 21 patients on medication and 22 on placebo in two comparable groups. Heterotopic ossification appeared in one third of the patients in the ibuprofen group and in three fourths in the control group 12 months after surgery. Five patients in the latter group developed true heterotopic bone, compared to one of the patients on medication. Heterotopic ossification was as common among osteoarthritic patients as among others. There was no difference in the range of motion at 12 months postoperatively between patients with and without heterotopic ossification. In the 22 patients with heterotopic ossification this was demonstrated in all but eight within 6 weeks, and in only three did it appear later than 3 months postoperatively. Five of the six patients who showed heterotopic bone with trabecular structure were male. Since inflammation is a dominant feature in the postoperative phase, the effect of ibuprofen on heterotopic ossification is probably its inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins. This implies that prevention is most successful if commenced before or at the time of operation.

Q: Perforce "Locked client" error I'm new to Perforce, and it is not going well at all. But currently, I am completely stuck, as all I can get it to say is: $ p4 open a_code_file.cpp Locked client 'my_hostname' can only be used by owner 'perforce'. I have absolutely no idea what I did to upset it, and the error message itself is meaningless gibberish to me. "perforce" doesn't own anything - all the files are owned by me. I am in a Perforce repository, ie, there's a .p4rc a few directories up. Edit: It only seems to be some files. If I: $ cd some_other_directory_in_the_repo $ p4 open a_file ... it works. So it's only some things... A: The "locked client" error suggests that p4 is trying to use a client workspace, named after your hostname, owned by the user perforce. If Perforce can't find a valid client name, either in the registry (on Windows), environment variables, or in an environment file, it'll default to using a client workspace named after your hostname. It sounds like Perforce can't find a valid client workspace for your "broken" directory, and finds one for your "working" directory. Since you have one directory that works, and one directory that doesn't, can you try: $ p4 set from both directories, and compare the results? If Perforce can find a valid client, you'll see something like: P4CLIENT=XXXX (config) (the "(config)" means Perforce is getting that configuration variable from a configuration file. Consult p4 help set for more information on the various ways you can set variables.) Look also for a line like: P4CONFIG=.p4env which is what Perforce will use to search for your workspace configuration. If you're using a file named .p4rc, that's what P4CONFIG should be set to.

Escape from 432 Park Avenue at New York Game As you travelled for the first time to New York, you decided to spend more money but to stay in a nice hotel at Park Avenue. So you found a good offer on the internet and booked the room. When you got there, everything looked like in the pictures. It was an awesome penthouse apartment with a great view of the city. You could be more pleased of what you got for your money. But everything got ruined the next morning when you have been trapped in the room. Phones are not working, there is no one to ask for help. Find a way to escape. Have fun!

Direct stabilization of lumbar spondylolysis with a hook screw: mean 11-year follow-up period for 113 patients. A retrospective study involving 113 patients with a spondylolysis who underwent direct repair with a hook screw was conducted. Spondylolysis with instability can produce low back pain. In adults, fusion of the affected level is the gold standard of treatment. In the adolescent, direct repair of the lysis can save a functional segment. It has been proved that direct repair of spondylolysis can accomplish restitutio ad integrum for a functional segment. So far, only short-term results are available in the literature. This study involved 113 patients who underwent direct repair of spondylolysis with a hook screw according to Morscher. After an average follow-up period of 11 years, the patients were reviewed. The main issue was the question of fusion. For this purpose, plain radiographs were taken. For doubtful cases or for the patient experiencing pain, conventional tomography scans or computed tomography scans were taken. The pseudarthrosis rate was 13.3%. The fusion rate for patients younger than 14 years was higher than that for older patients, especially those older than 20 years. Direct repair of spondylolysis can be recommended for patients with a growing skeleton, a slight slip, an instability, or failure of conservative treatment. Thereby, a functional segment can be saved with a relatively small operation.

About HHS The Music & Memory program, which uses individualized music playlists on digital music players to unlock memories lost to dementia, is used at 250 nursing facilities in Texas. An expansion of the program will soon add 165 more. Pictured is a volunteer with a resident participating in the program at a San Antonio nursing home. An innovative program that uses music to help spark the memories and language of long-term care facility residents will soon expand to include 165 more nursing homes. Music & Memory, piloted by the Texas Department of Aging and Disability Services in 2015, builds on research that illustrates the positive effects of familiar music on brain activity. In addition to improving quality of life for residents, the music program also can reduce the use of antipsychotic medications in nursing facilities. The expansion, the third phase of the program, will kick off in April with a ceremony in Austin. The first two phases of the roll-out brought 250 nursing homes into the program, said Quality Monitoring Program Director Michelle Dionne-Vahalik. She said Texas Health and Human Services is expanding the program to all state supported living centers. QMP, which transferred last September to the Texas Health and Human Services Commission, continues to provide oversight for program. Music & Memory helps long-term care staff set up personalized music playlists, delivered on Apple iPods and other digital devices, for those in their care. These musical favorites tap deep memories not lost to dementia and can bring participants back to life, enabling them to feel like themselves again, to converse, socialize and stay present. Dionne-Vahalik envisions the program changing the way nursing facilities treat residents. "We are doing this to provide non-pharmalogical interventions to antipsychotics," she said. "By improving dementia care in long-term nursing facilities, we can improve the quality of care and quality of life for thousands of residents." The University of Texas at Austin's School of Nursing’s Center for Excellence in Long-Term Care will launch a six-month study of the program set for release by the end of 2018. It will examine the use of individualized music therapy for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities who live in a long-term intermediate care facility. “The study hopes to conclude that, through the use of individualized music playlists, we can increase engagement in meaningful activities, decrease challenging behaviors, improve staff moral and retention, and decrease the use of psychotropic medication,” she said. “With the expansion and results of the ensuing study, we hope to see providers offering this intervention as a normal part of care."

Attachment and entry of Candida famata in monocytes and epithelial cells. Candida albicans is considered the main pathogenic yeast responsible for a multitude of infective disorders. However, other yeasts, such as Candida famata, are being recognized as potential emerging pathogens that cause several types of infections in humans and animals. Consequently, we have investigated the adhesion and internalization of Candida famata into monocytes and epithelial cells. The interaction of the yeast with the cells is very rapid and takes place during the first 15 min of injection. However, the affinity of the yeast for the cells varies, THP-1 (human monocytes) being the highest and followed in decreasing order by HeLa (human carcinoma), HaCaT, and Pam-212 (human and mouse keratinocytes, respectively). Heat inactivation or treatment with nystatin, significantly decreases yeast adhesion to cells. Immunofluorescence, as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, reveals that cell lines are able to internalize C. famata. At 48 h after infection, most of the yeasts located inside cells appear degraded, but some yeasts recovered from lysed cells, were still viable. Adhesion and internalization of C. famata into HeLa cells were found to be lower than those of C. albicans and C. glabrata, but higher than those of S. cerevisiae. In addition, infection with C. famata results in actin microfilaments rearrangement. This article presents novel data in the interaction of this pathogenic yeast with mammalian cells.

Q: Creating new layer with only subset of polygons of existing layer in GRASS? Suppose I have a map with 10,000 polygons with categories 1 to 10,000 in layer 1. I would like to create a second layer with only the features in layer 1 with categories 1 to 5,000. From the online documentation, it seems I can do it with a combination of v.category, v.to.db and v.db.connect. But v.category does not provide a filtering mechanism when creating a new layer. It seems doable from this link, specifically: If a vector object has zero categories in a layer, then it does not appear in that layer. In this fashion some vector objects may appear in some layers but not in others. Taking the example of the fields and paths, only some boundaries, but not all, might have a category value in layer 2. I googled very hard but did not find a single example so far. A: Maybe this will help: # First get the id's of the polygon map with categories 1-5000 ids=$(v.edit polys tool=select cats=1-5000) Selecting features... 5000 of 30091 features selected from vector map <polys@Arava> v.edit complete. # Now use v.category and filter by ids v.category polys ids=$ids option=add layer=2 output=polys2 # and check: v.category polys2 option=report Layer/table: 1/polys2 type count min max point 0 0 0 line 0 0 0 boundary 0 0 0 centroid 8123 1 8123 area 0 0 0 face 0 0 0 kernel 0 0 0 all 8123 1 8123 Layer: 2 type count min max point 0 0 0 line 0 0 0 boundary 0 0 0 centroid 5000 1 5000 area 0 0 0 face 0 0 0 kernel 0 0 0 all 5000 1 5000 Note that there's no database connection for layer 2 now. v.db.connect -p polys2 Vector map <polys2> is connected by: layer <1/polys2> table <polys2> in database </home/micha/GIS/grass/ITM/Arava/sqlite.db> through driver <sqlite> with key <cat>

Bond gives an A-List value to the face today, being the impressionable VIP ‘very important personal, professional & public, social transactional ‘i.d’ bio-badge of one’s social networking profile in a social media business networking society. Celebrity Pre-Launch on the 1st Day Of Summer at Natural Hair Night Out Chicago LIVE’s Summer Jazz Soiree’ at JAK’s Tap! Tracey Bond will be gold autographing pre-launch editions of her ‘brand’ new textbook “Face Booking U” on the applied integration of facial aesthetics with licensed expertise & skin care perspective that activates the ’press room’ beauty & grooming buzz as a catalyst for self-improvement. Successful VIP social ‘netWORTHing’ connectivity outcomes result from implementation, thus enhancing social perceptions from the meet ‘n greet chat room to the board room, online to offline. Bond will discuss her new FBU textbook at“NATURAL HAIR NIGHT OUT CHICAGO LIVE” Friday, June 21st, 2013 6:00-8:30pm at Jak’s Tap Restaurant, 901 W. Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL convening to celebrate their “1st Day of Summer CELEBRITY JAZZ Soiree.” Natural Hair Night Out’s Autographees include DisTincTix VIP Invitees that are known around town as Chicago’s Top 100 Professional Best. Tracey’s hope is that Face Booking U’s textbook reviewers will have a transformed ‘facial train’ of thought and renewed perspective of their own face values. Bond equips the ’Face Booking U’ student to take the best aesthetic action necessary to present, defend and protect their faces as the ‘VIP’ social transactional & public relational tools that they socially are and ‘book’ their own social to business productivity with confident success. In a companion blog to the book http://facebookingu.wordpress.com Bond actively tracks, engages & comments on news stories regarding Face Booking U. As a former Illinois College Family Literacy Instructor, Tracey Bond is available as a speaking companion to expound upon the Face Booking U textbook content.

Barnstaple (UK Parliament constituency) Barnstaple was a constituency centred on the town of Barnstaple in Devon, in the South West of England. It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 1885, thereafter, one. It was created in 1295 and abolished for the 1950 general election. Most of the area and the town falls into the North Devon seat. Boundaries 1885–1918: The Municipal Boroughs of Barnstaple and Bideford, and the Sessional Divisions of Bideford and Braunton. 1918–1950: The Municipal Boroughs of Barnstaple and Bideford, the Urban Districts of Ilfracombe, Lynton, and Northam, and the Rural Districts of Barnstaple and Bideford (including Lundy Island). Members of Parliament 1295–1885 1885–1950 Election results Elections in the 1830s Elections in the 1840s Elections in the 1850s The election was declared void on petition, due to bribery, causing a by-election. Laurie's election was declared void on petition, due to bribery, causing a by-election. Prinsep withdrew from the election during polling. Elections in the 1860s Potts' death caused a by-election. On petition, Lloyd's election was declared void due to bribery and, on 15 April 1864, Bremridge was declared elected. Elections in the 1870s Elections in the 1880s Waddy resigned in order to contest Sheffield, causing a by-election. Elections in the 1890s Elections in the 1900s Elections in the 1910s General election 1914/15: Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected; Liberal: Unionist: Charles Sandbach Parker Both candidates supported the Coalition Government; Rees may have received its endorsement. Elections in the 1920s Elections in the 1930s General election 1939/40: Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected; Liberal: Richard Acland Conservative: Marjorie Graves Elections in the 1940s Notes References Robert Beatson, "A Chronological Register of Both Houses of Parliament" (London: Longman, Hurst, Res & Orme, 1807) F W S Craig, "British Parliamentary Election Results 1832–1885" (2nd edition, Aldershot: Parliamentary Research Services, 1989) Category:Parliamentary constituencies in Devon (historic) Category:United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies established in 1295 Category:United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies disestablished in 1950 Category:Barnstaple

The invention relates to a method for the direct phase-angle measurement of radiation in accordance with light radiation reflected by a body (3) or passing through a transparent body, in which the body (3) is exposed to coherent radiation (2) of pre-determined frequency or the body (3) is coated with a lacquer in which particle diffusely reflecting the radiation are stored and which is exposed to non-coherent radiation (2) of a pre-determined frequency, the radiation reflected by the body (3) or the radiation which has passed through the body being imaged by an imaging optical system (6) in an image plane (7) in which a sensor (8) is located, a reference radiation generated in accordance with a shearing method being superimposed on the sensor (8), and the phase of the radiation (5) from the body (3) being determined from the measurement signals of the sensor (8). It further relates to an apparatus for the performance of such a method. A method for the direct phase-angle measurement of radiation, in particular of light radiation, and an apparatus for the direct phase-angle measurement of radiation, in particular of light radiation, are known from EP 0 419 936 B1. In the prior known methods, a body is exposed to coherent radiation of a pre-determined frequency. The body can possess a diffuisely reflecting surface. However, it is also possible for it to be a transparent or partially transparent body or a transparent medium through which the radiation passes. Furthermore, the body can have or be provided with a lacquer coating in which particles diffusely reflecting the radiation are incorporated; in this case, a non-coherent radiation of a pre-determined frequency is sufficient to perform the method. The radiation reflected from the body or the radiation which has passed through the body or the transparent medium is imaged by an imaging optical system in an image plane in which a sensor is located. The sensor in question is preferably a surface sensor. It preferably possesses a plurality of picture elements which are preferably in a regular order. Preferably, the picture elements are ordered by lines along parallel lines and possess the same distance to each other. A CCD sensor is particularly suitable. In an embodiment of EP 0 419 936 B1, a reference radiation generated according to the shearing method is superimposed on the sensor. This reference radiation is generated by a shearing optical system, for example an optical wedge or prism. The optical wedge or the prism is positioned prior to the lens in an embodiment of EP 0 419 936 B1. The optical wedge or the prism masks a part, preferably one half, of the lens or the aperture of the imaging optical system. The phase of the radiation from the body, that is the phase of the radiation which was reflected by or which passed through the body, is determined from the measurement signals or the intensity signals of the sensor or sensor elements (pixels). The apparatus known from EP 0 419 936 B1 can also be called an electronic speckle pattern interferometer (ESPI). To allow a complete phase-angle measurement with one single shot, in EP 0 419 936 B1 the imaging optical system is designed or adjusted in such a way that the image of a speckle generated by the radiation on the body in the image plane covers at least three sensor elements. From DE 195 13 233, a method and an apparatus are known for the determination of phases and phase differences of radiation, in particular of light radiation. In this method, an object is exposed in at least two states to coherent or partially coherent radiation of a pre-determined frequency. In each state, the radiation reflected or passed through is imaged by an imaging optical system in an image plane in which a sensor with a plurality of preferably regularly ordered sensor elements or pixels is located. A reference radiation having a defined, preferably identical frequency with a defined phase position is superimposed on the sensor. The phase difference of the radiation from or through the object between the two states is determined from the intensity signals of the sensor elements or pixels. The object beam and the reference beam are adjusted in such a way here that they generate an interference pattern with a preferably constant spatial carrier frequency. The method and apparatus in accordance with DE 195 13 233 A1 have the object of further developing the method and the apparatus known from EP 0 419 936 B1 in such a way that with one image shot per object state a high image resolution is achieved. In accordance with DE 195 13 233 A1, this object is to be solved by the imaging optical system being designed and adjusted in such a way that when speckles occur, the image of a speckle in the image plane generated by the radiation only covers around two sensor elements or pixels. The corresponding intensity values recorded for each state from in each case only around two sensor elements or pixels are taken into account alternately or cross-ways for the determination of the phase difference. In addition to the phase difference, it is also possible to compute from at least two of these shots the phase, the contrast and the background brightness. In accordance with DE 195 13 233 A1, it is possible to generate the reference radiation from the object radiation in accordance with the shearing method. Although the performance of the method in accordance with DE 195 13 233 A1 is generally possible, the results that can be achieved with it have, however, substantially more noise. The signal/noise ratio is worse than with the method in accordance with EP 0 419 936 B1. It is the object of the invention to improve a method and an apparatus of the type first given. This object is solved in accordance with the invention by the imaging optical system possessing a diaphragm having an aperture, preferably a slit, or a diaphragm having two apertures, preferably two slits. By means of the aperture(s) of the diaphragm and the shearing optical system, it is possible to generate a spatial carrier frequency. Advantageous aspects are described hereinbelow. The diaphragm can possess a slit, preferably a rectangular slit. It is advantageous if the breadth of the slit can be adjusted. It is preferably a rectangular modulation diaphragm. The diaphragm can, however, also be designed as a double slit. It then possesses preferably two rectangular slits. Preferably, the slits, which are disposed at a distance a to each other, each possess the same breadth b. It is furthermore advantageous if the distance a and/or the width b of the slits is/are able to be adjusted. The shearing optical system which serves to generate the reference radiation in accordance with the shearing method, can possess a wedge or folding wedges or two tilted parallel plates. However, other optical elements are also possible to generate the shearing effect. The wedge or folding wedges or the tilted parallel plates or the other optical element for the generation of the shearing effect can be disposed between the diaphragm and one or more or all lens elements or other optical elements of the imaging optical system. Instead of this or additionally, the diaphragm can be disposed between one or more or all lens elements or other optical elements of the imaging optical system and the wedge or folding wedges or the tilted parallel plates or the other optical element for the generation of a shearing effect. A particularly advantageous aspect is characterised by the imaging optical elements being or having been adjusted in such a way that the distance a of the slit is of the same size as the breadth b of the slit. This advantageous aspect cannot only be used in embodiments having two slits (xe2x80x9cdouble-aperture), but also in embodiments where only one slit is present. In the latter case, namely, it is achieved by the imaging optical system that the sensor xe2x80x9cseesxe2x80x9d two slits. A spatial carrier frequency which is generated by the interference of a double slit or a double-aperture diaphragm (see FIG. 2) or a Fresnel biprism (see FIG. 3) does not possess a constant period and has a poor contrast as the interference and diffraction effects always occur simultaneously and interfere with each other. The interference distribution of a double slit with Fraunhofer diffraction is described in the equations (1) to (3) given below: I (xcex8)=4 I 0[(sin2xcex2/(xcex22)] cos2 xcex1xe2x80x83xe2x80x831) xcex1=(ka/2) sin xcex8xe2x80x83xe2x80x832) xcex2=(kb/2) sin xcex8xe2x80x83xe2x80x833) The object covered by these equations and the values occurring in them are shown in FIG. 4. In the equations: I=intensity xcex8=angle k=ordinal number of the first, second, third, . . . interference minimum a=slit distance b=slit breadth. In accordance with the mentioned advantageous further aspect a=b. It follows from this that: xcex1=xcex2 so that equation (1) becomes the following equation (1xe2x80x2): I (xcex8)=4 I 0[(sin2(2xcex1))/(2xcex1)2]xe2x80x83xe2x80x831xe2x80x2) It can be seen from this that the carrier frequency generated by interference and diffraction and not constant at axe2x89xa0b becomes through a=b a homogeneously distributed spatial frequency with a constant period. It can be seen from the term 2xcex1 that the frequency is doubled by this. Through a=b a substantial improvement can be achieved which is to be found in the fact that a constant carrier frequency with a much better contrast can be generated at the sensor or CCD chip. This carrier frequency can be generated in the lines (horizontal) or in the columns (vertical) of the sensor or CCD chip. However, it is also possible to generate them in an intermediate angle, which can be achieved by disposing the sensor or CCD chip tilted at an angle. Another advantageous further aspect is characterised in that the period of the carrier frequency covers at least two picture elements of the sensor. It is therefore possible to work in accordance with the methods of DE 195 13 233 A1 or with the apparatuses described there. It is advantageous if the period of the carrier frequency covers at least three picture elements of the sensor, that is if work is done in accordance with the methods of EP 0 419 936 B1 or with the apparatuses described there. In accordance therewith, a complete phase-angle measurement is possible with one single shot. In accordance with another advantageous aspect, the period of the carrier frequency covers at least four picture elements of the sensor. In this way, the computation algorithms are made substantially simpler. If the period of the carrier frequency covers at least five picture elements of the sensor, a further increase in precision is achieved. The period of the carrier frequency in one line or column can be adjusted very precisely by the aperture size of the modulation diaphragm independently of the shearing optical system or the shear width. The shearing optical system or the shear width are adjusted so that the preferred minimum number of the picture elements of the sensor is covered.

Q: (Java) How to loop through the content of an array? I'm very new to Java, and have been following step-by-step guides online. However, I was unable to run this chunk of codes though I followed exactly what was taught and I got compile time errors. my code: public class HelloWorld { public static void main(String[] args) { String[] family = {"Tricia", "ALbert", "Edwin"}; for(String name = family) { System.out.println(name); } } } Hope could get some guidance here to show me where went wrong. I also notice I'm very bad with symbols and special characters. I'd appreciate a lot for your help and precious time. Good day. A: The proper syntax for this kind of for loop is for(String name : family) Instead of what you have for(String name = family)

The present relates to an electron beam device comprising an evacuated envelope formed by an optically transparent faceplate, a conical portion and a neck, an electron gun within the evacuated envelope and to a method of making the electron gun. In the present specification an electron beam device is to be understood to include cathode ray tubes, X-ray tubes, electron beam lithography apparatus, scanning and transmission microscopes, electron guns for scanning Auger mass spectrometers and also ion guns (not an electron beam device within the normal meaning of the term). For convenience of description, the electron beam device will be described with reference to a cathode ray tube. Unpublished European Patent Application No. 86200481.9 discloses a cathode ray tube in which the electron gun comprises an elongate tubular substrate which has been vacuum formed on a bipartite mandril, a beam forming part comprising a number of deep drawn metal electrodes respectively bearing against a succession of stepped abutments formed interiorly of th tubular substrate and a lens part formed by helical prefocusing and focusing electrodes in a resistive film applied to the internal surface of the tubular substrate. Some of the electrical connections to the metal electrodes and to at least one point in the resistive film are made through the wall of the tubular substrate. Each of these electrical connections comprises a conical hole sand blasted through the substrate wall, an indium ball in the conical hole, which ball is contacted by a lead-out wire and conventional crystallizing glass for fusing together the component parts. Any part of the wires and/or indium balls protruding into the tube are cut-off flush. Although this type of electrical connection has been found to be generally satisfactory it has a number of disadvantages, especially from a manufacturing point of view. The electrical connection is complicated, and thereby, is expensive to make. It is not possible to ensure a good electrical contact with an electrode due to the use of the indium balls. Further the lead-out wires which are unsupported have to be held in position while the crystallizing glass is being baked.

This invention relates to the removal of sulfur from sulfur-containing fluid streams such as cracked-gasolines and diesel fuels. In another aspect, this invention relates to the regeneration of a sorbent composition which is used to desulfurize a sulfur-containing fluid. Hydrocarbon-containing fluids such as gasoline and diesel fuels typically contain a quantity of sulfur. High levels of sulfur in such automotive fuels is undesirable because oxides of sulfur present in automotive exhaust may irreversibly poison noble metal catalysts employed in automobile catalytic converters. Emissions from such poisoned catalytic converters may contain high levels of non-combusted hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, and/or carbon monoxide, which, when catalyzed by sunlight, form ground level ozone, more commonly referred to as smog. Much of the sulfur present in the final blend of most gasolines originates from a gasoline blending component commonly known as xe2x80x9ccracked-gasoline.xe2x80x9d Thus, reduction of sulfur levels in cracked-gasoline will inherently serve to reduce sulfur levels in most gasolines, such as, automobile gasolines, racing gasolines, aviation gasolines, boat gasolines, and the like. Many conventional processes exist for removing sulfur from cracked-gasoline. However, most conventional sulfur removal processes, such as hydrodesulfurization, tend to saturate olefins and aromatics in the cracked-gasoline and thereby reduced its octane number (both research and motor octane number). Thus, there is a need for a process wherein desulfurization of cracked-gasoline is achieved while the octane number is maintained. In addition to the need for removing sulfur from cracked-gasoline, there is also a need to reduce sulfur content in diesel fuel. In removing sulfur from diesel fuel by conventional hydrodesulfurization, the cetane is improved but there is a large cost in hydrogen consumption. Such hydrogen is consumed by both hydrodesulfurization and aromatic hydrogenation reactions. Thus, there is a need for a process wherein desulfurization of diesel fuel is achieved without significant consumption of hydrogen so as to provide a more economical desulfurization process. To satisfy such needs, there has been developed a process for desulfurizing hydrocarbon-containing fluids such as cracked-gasolines, diesel fuels, or other refinery streams (e.g., naphtha, alkylate, isomerate, reformate, distillate, and the like) wherein a sorbent comprising zinc oxide is contacted with the sulfur-containing fluid stream under conditions sufficient to remove at least a portion of the sulfur from the fluid stream and provide a sulfurized sorbent comprising zinc sulfide. The sulfurized sorbent is thereafter contacted with an oxygen-containing regeneration stream under conditions sufficient to convert at least a portion of the zinc sulfide to zinc oxide, thereby providing a regenerated sorbent. The regenerated sorbent can then be contacted with a reducing stream to provide an activated sorbent. Thereafter, the activated sorbent can, once again, be contacted with the sulfur-containing fluid stream. During the regeneration step of such a desulfurization process, certain regeneration conditions can cause sulfates to form on/in the sorbent composition. Such sulfation of the sorbent is undesirable for a number of reasons. For example, the presence of excess sulfates on/in the sorbent reduces the sulfur-loading capabilities of the sorbent and thereby effectively deactivates the sorbent. Further, once an excessive amount of sulfates has formed on/in the sorbent, it can be difficult to remove the sulfates from the sorbent under conventional regeneration and activation conditions. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved process for regenerating a sorbent composition while minimizing sulfation of the sorbent. Another object of the present invention is to provide a desulfurization process which extends the useful life of a sorbent composition by employing a unique process for regenerating the sorbent. It should be noted that the above-listed objects need not all be accomplished by the invention claimed herein and other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the invention and the appended claims. In one aspect of the invention, a process for regenerating a sorbent is provided. The process comprises, consists essentially of, or consists of the steps of: (a) charging an oxygen-containing regeneration stream comprising less than 10 mole percent sulfur dioxide to a regeneration zone; (b) charging a sulfurized sorbent comprising a promoter metal and zinc sulfide to the regeneration zone; and (c) contacting the sulfurized sorbent with the regeneration stream in the regeneration zone under regeneration conditions sufficient to maintain an average sulfur dioxide partial pressure in the regeneration zone of from about 0.1 to about 10 psig. In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sorbent regeneration and activation process comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of the steps of: (a) contacting a sulfurized sorbent comprising zinc sulfide with an oxygen-containing stream in a regeneration zone under regeneration conditions sufficient to maintain an average sulfur dioxide partial pressure in the regeneration zone of from about 0.1 to about 10 psig, thereby providing a desulfurized sorbent; and (b) contacting the desulfurized sorbent with a reducing stream in an activation zone maintained at a temperature which is more than about 300 and less than about 1,000xc2x0 F., thereby providing an activated sorbent. In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a desulfurization process comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of the steps of: (a) contacting a sulfurized sorbent comprising a promoter metal and zinc sulfide with an oxygen-containing stream in a regeneration zone under regeneration conditions sufficient to convert at least a portion of the zinc sulfide to zinc oxide, thereby providing a desulfurized sorbent, the regeneration conditions including an average sulfur dioxide partial pressure of from about 0.1 to about 10 psig; (b) contacting at least a portion of the desulfurized sorbent with a hydrogen-containing stream in an activation zone under activation conditions sufficient to reduce the valence of the promoter metal, thereby providing an activated sorbent; and (c) contacting at least a portion of the activated sorbent with a sulfur-containing fluid comprising at least about 50 ppmw sulfur in a desulfurization zone under desulfurization conditions sufficient to provide a desulfurized fluid comprising less than about 50 weight percent of the amount of sulfur in the sulfur-containing fluid, wherein at least about 50 weight percent of the sulfur in the sulfur-containing fluid is present in the form of organosulfur compounds. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a novel process is provided for desulfurizing a sulfur-containing fluid by contacting the sulfur-containing fluid with a sorbent and thereafter regenerating and activating or re-activating the sorbent. The sulfur-containing fluid employed in the process of the present invention is preferably a hydrocarbon-containing fluid comprising a quantity of sulfur compounds therein. Preferably, such hydrocarbon-containing fluid can be used as a fuel or can be a precursor to fuel. Examples of suitable hydrocarbon-containing fluids include cracked-gasoline, diesel fuels, jet fuels, straight-run naphtha, straight-run distillates, coker gas oil, coker naphtha, alkylates, crude oil, light cycle oil, and straight-run gas oil. Most preferably, the sulfur-containing fluid comprises a hydrocarbon-containing fluid selected from the group consisting of gasoline, cracked-gasoline, diesel fuel, and mixtures thereof. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9cgasolinexe2x80x9d denotes a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in a range of from about 100xc2x0 F. to about 500xc2x0 F., or any fraction thereof. Examples of suitable gasolines include, but are not limited to, hydrocarbon streams in refineries such as naphtha, straight-nun naphtha, coker naphtha, catalytic gasoline, visbreaker naphtha, alkylate, isomerate, reformate, and the like, and mixtures thereof. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9ccracked-gasolinexe2x80x9d denotes a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in a range of from about 100xc2x0 F. to about 500xc2x0 F., or any fraction thereof, that are products of either thermal or catalytic processes that crack larger hydrocarbon molecules into smaller molecules. Examples of suitable thermal processes include, but are not limited to, coking, thermal cracking, visbreaking, and the like, and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable catalytic cracking processes include, but are not limited to, fluid catalytic cracking, heavy oil cracking, and the like, and combinations thereof. Thus, examples of suitable cracked-gasolines include, but are not limited to, coker gasoline, thermally cracked gasoline, visbreaker gasoline, fluid catalytically cracked gasoline, heavy oil cracked-gasoline, and the like, and combinations thereof. In some instances, the cracked-gasoline may be fractionated and/or hydrotreated prior to desulfurization when used as the sulfur-containing fluid in the process in the present invention. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9cdiesel fuelxe2x80x9d denotes a mixture of hydrocarbons boiling in a range of from about 300xc2x0 F. to about 750xc2x0 F., or any fraction thereof. Examples of suitable diesel fuels include, but are not limited to, light cycle oil, kerosene, jet fuel, straight-run diesel, hydrotreated diesel, and the like, and combinations thereof. The sulfur-containing fluid described herein as suitable feed in the desulfurization process of the present invention comprises a quantity of olefins, aromatics and sulfur, as well as paraffins and napthenes. The amount of olefins in gaseous cracked-gasoline is generally in a range of from about 10 to about 35 weight percent olefins based on the total weight of the gaseous cracked-gasoline. For diesel fuel there is essentially no olefin content. The amount of aromatics in gaseous cracked-gasoline is generally in a range of from about 20 to about 40 weight percent aromatics based on the total weight of the gaseous cracked-gasoline. The amount of aromatics in gaseous diesel fuel is generally in a range of from about 10 to about 90 weight percent aromatics based on the total weight of the gaseous diesel fuel. The amount of atomic sulfur, as sulfur, in the sulfur-containing fluid, preferably cracked-gasoline or diesel fuel, suitable for use in the desulfurization process of the present invention is generally greater than about 50 parts per million by weight (ppmw) of the sulfur-containing fluid, more preferably in a range of from about 100 ppmw atomic sulfur to about 10,000 ppmw atomic sulfur, and most preferably from 150 ppmw atomic sulfur to 5000 ppmw atomic sulfur. It is preferred for at least about 50 weight percent of the atomic sulfur present in the sulfur-containing fluid employed in the present invention to be in the form of organosulfur compounds. More preferably, at least about 75 weight percent of the atomic sulfur present in the sulfur-containing fluid is in the form of organosulfur compounds, and most preferably at least 90 weight percent of the atomic sulfur is in the form of organosulfur compounds. As used herein, xe2x80x9csulfurxe2x80x9d used in conjunction with xe2x80x9cppmw sulfurxe2x80x9d or the term xe2x80x9catomic sulfurxe2x80x9d, denotes the amount of atomic sulfur (about 32 atomic mass units) in the sulfur-containing fluid, not the atomic mass, or weight, of a sulfur compound, such as an organo-sulfur compound. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9csulfurxe2x80x9d denotes sulfur in any form normally present in a sulfur-containing fluid such as cracked-gasoline or diesel fuel. Examples of such sulfur which can be removed from a sulfur-containing fluid through the practice of the present invention include, but are not limited to, hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide (COS), carbon disulfide (CS2), mercaptans (RSH), organic sulfides (Rxe2x80x94Sxe2x80x94R), organic disulfide (Rxe2x80x94Sxe2x80x94Sxe2x80x94R), thiophenes, substituted thiophenes, organic trisulfides, organic tetrasulfides, benzothiophene, alkyl thiophenes, alkyl benzothiophenes, alkyl dibenzothiophenes, and the like, and combinations thereof as well as heavier molecular weights of the same which are normally present in sulfur-containing fluids of the types contemplated for use in the desulfurization process of the present invention, wherein each R can be an alkyl, cycloaklyl, or aryl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9cfluidxe2x80x9d denotes gas, liquid, vapor, and combinations thereof. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9cgaseousxe2x80x9d denotes the state in which the sulfur-containing fluid, such as cracked-gasoline or diesel fuel, is primarily in a gas or vapor phase. The sorbent composition with which the sulfur-containing fluid is contacted in order to desulfurize the sulfur-containing fluid generally comprises a promoter metal and zinc oxide. The sorbent composition employed in the present invention can be prepared in accordance with the sorbent preparation method disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,274,533, 6,254,766, and 6,184,176 the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. As used herein with reference to the sorbent composition, the term xe2x80x9cmetalxe2x80x9d denotes metal in any form such as elemental metal, a metal oxide, or a metal oxide precursor. The promoter metal of the sorbent composition is preferably selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, tungsten, silver, gold, copper, platinum, zinc, tin, ruthenium, molybdenum, antimony, vanadium, iridium, chromium, palladium, rhodium, oxides thereof, precursors to oxides thereof, and combinations thereof. Most preferably, the promoter metal is selected from the group consisting of nickel, nickel oxide, nickel oxide precursors, and combinations thereof. The promoter metal will generally be present in the sorbent composition in an amount in a range of from about 1 to about 60 weight percent promoter metal based on the total weight of the sorbent composition, preferably an amount in a range of from about 5 to about 50 weight percent promoter metal, most preferably in an amount in a range of from 10 to 40 weight percent promoter metal for best sulfur removal. Usually, the promoter metal in the common oxidation state of the promoter metal is combined with the zinc oxide portion of the sorbent composition. Alternatively, the promoter metal, or even the entire sorbent composition, can be oxidized after sulfur removal to bring the promoter metal back to the common oxidized state. Prior to use as a sorbent, the number of oxygen atoms associated with the promoter metal must be reduced to form a reduced-valence promoter metal. Consequently, prior to sulfur removal, at least a portion of the promoter metal present in the sorbent composition must be present as a reduced-valence promoter metal. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that this reduced-valence promoter metal can chemisorb, cleave, or remove sulfur. Thus, either the number of oxygen atoms associated with the promoter metal is reduced or the oxidation state of the promoter metal is a zero-valent metal. For example, if nickel is the promoter metal, nickel oxide (NiO) can be used and the reduced-valence nickel (promoter metal) can be either nickel metal (Ni0) or a non-stoichiometric nickel oxide having a formula of NiO(1-x) wherein 0 less than x less than 1. If tungsten is the promoter metal, tungsten oxide (WO3) can be used and the reduced-valence tungsten (promoter metal) can be either tungsten oxide (WO2), tungsten metal (W0), or a non-stoichiometric tungsten oxide having a formula of WO(3-y) wherein 0 less than y less than 3. Of the total quantity of the promoter metal present in the sorbent composition, it is preferred that at least about 10 weight percent of the promoter metal to be present in the form of a reduced-valence promoter metal, i.e., either a zero-valent metal or a non-stoichiometric metal oxide, as described above. More preferably at least about 40 weight percent of the promoter metal is a reduced-valence promoter metal, and most preferably at least 80 weight percent of the promoter metal is a reduced-valence promoter metal for best sorbent activity and sulfur removal. The reduced-valence promoter metal will generally be present in the sorbent composition of the present invention in an amount in a range of from about 0.5 to about 50 weight percent reduced-valence promoter metal based on the total weight of the sorbent composition, preferably in an amount in a range of from about 4 to about 40 weight percent reduced-valence promoter metal, and most preferably in an amount in a range of from 8 to 35 weight percent reduced-valence promoter metal for best sorbent activity and sulfur removal. The zinc oxide component of the sorbent composition can be in the form of zinc oxide, such as powdered zinc oxide, or in the form of one or more zinc compounds that are convertible to zinc oxide. Examples of suitable zinc compounds that are convertible to zinc oxide include, but are not limited to, zinc sulfide, zinc sulfate, zinc hydroxide, zinc carbonate, zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, and combinations thereof. Preferably, the zinc oxide is present in the form of powdered zinc oxide for best sorbent activity and sulfur removal. Zinc oxide will generally be present in the sorbent composition in an amount in a range of from about 10 to about 90 weight percent zinc oxide based on the total weight of the sorbent composition, preferably in an amount in a range of from about 15 to about 60 weight percent zinc oxide, and most preferably in an amount in a range of from 20 to 55 weight percent zinc oxide for best sorbent activity and sulfur removal. When the sorbent composition is exposed to high temperatures (e.g., during calcination), it is preferred for at least a portion of the zinc oxide and the promoter metal to form a substitutional solid solution having the general formula: MXZnYO, wherein M is the promoter metal, X is a numerical value in a range of from about 0.5 to about 0.99, and Y is a numerical value in a range of from about 0.01 to about 0.5. Such substitutional solid solution will generally be present in an amount in a range of from about 5 to about 60 percent by weight of the sorbent composition, most preferably from 20 to 40 weight percent. When the sorbent composition comprising the substitutional solid solution is reduced (i.e., activated), it is preferred for at least a portion of the substitutional solid solution to be converted to a reduced metal solid solution having the general formula: MAZnB, wherein M is the promoter metal, A is a numerical value in a range of from about 0.7 to about 0.99, and B is a numerical value in a range of from about 0.01 to about 0.3. Such reduced metal solution will generally be present in an amount in a range of from about 5 to about 70 percent by weight of the sorbent composition, most preferably from 25 to 45 weight percent. Preferably, the sorbent composition employed in the inventive desulfurization process further comprises a refractory metal oxide such as, for example, silica, alumina, silica-alumina, aluminate, and/or silica-aluminate. The refractory metal oxide such as, for example, silica, alumina, silica-alumina, aluminate, and/or silica-aluminate can enhance the porosity of the resulting composition such that the active sites of the sorbent can be exposed to the reacting mixture. Any suitable source of silica may be employed in the sorbent composition such as, for example, diatomite, expanded perlite, silicalite, silicate, silica colloid, flame-hydrolized silica, silica gel, precipitated silica, and the like, and combinations thereof. In addition, silicon compounds that are convertible to silica such as silicic acid, ammonium silicate, and the like, and combinations thereof can also be employed. Preferably, the silica source is diatomite or expanded perlite for best sorbent activity and sulfur removal. When the sorbent comprises silica, the silica will generally be present in the sorbent composition in an amount in a range of from about 5 to about 85 weight percent silica based on the total weight of the sorbent composition, preferably in an amount in a range of from about 10 to about 60 weight percent silica, and most preferably in an amount in a range of from 15 to 55 weight percent silica for best sorbent activity and sulfur removal. Generally, perlite comprises silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, plus trace elements. The alumina employed in the preparation of the sorbent composition can be any suitable commercially available alumina material such as, for example, colloidal alumina solutions, hydrated aluminas, peptized aluminas, and, generally, those alumina compounds produced by the dehydration of alumina hydrates. The preferred alumina is hydrated alumina such as, for example, bohemite or pseudobohemite for best sorbent activity and sulfur removal. When the sorbent comprises alumina, the alumina will generally be present in the sorbent composition in an amount in a range of from about 1 to about 30 weight percent alumina based on the total weight of the sorbent composition, preferably in an amount in a range of from about 5 to about 20 weight percent alumina, and most preferably in an amount in a range of from 8 to 15 weight percent alumina for best sorbent activity and sulfur removal. When the sorbent composition is exposed to high temperatures (e.g., during calcination) at least a portion, preferably a substantial portion of the alumina is converted to an aluminate, most preferably a zinc aluminate and/or a nickel-zinc aluminate. Preferably, the sorbent composition comprises from about 2 to about 30 weight percent nickel-zinc aluminate, most preferably from 8 to 25 weight percent nickel-zinc aluminate. The sorbent composition can additionally comprise a binder. The binder can be any suitable compound that has cement-like, or adhesion, properties which can help to bind the components of the sorbent composition together. Suitable examples of binders include, but are not limited to, cements such as, for example, gypsum plaster, common lime, hydraulic lime, natural cements, portland cement, and high alumina cement, and the like, and combinations thereof. A particularly preferred binder is calcium aluminate. When a binder is present, the amount of binder in the sorbent composition is generally in a range of from about 0.1 to about 50 weight percent binder based on the total weight of the sorbent composition. Preferably, the amount of the binder in the sorbent composition is in a range of from about 1 to about 40 weight percent, and most preferably in a range of from 5 to 30 weight percent for best binding results. The sorbent composition employed in the inventive desulfurization process preferably is in the form of a particulate, most preferably a microsphere, having a mean particle size in a range of from about 1 micrometer (micron) to about 500 micrometers, more preferably in a range of from about 10 micrometers to about 300 micrometers for best sulfur removal. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9cmean particle sizexe2x80x9d refers to the size of the particulate material comprising the sorbent as determined by using a RO-TAP Testing Sieve-Shaker, manufactured by W. S. Tyler, Inc. of Mentor, Ohio, or other comparable sieves. To determine mean particle size, the material to be measured is placed in the top of a nest of standard 8 inch diameter stainless steel framed sieves with a pan on the bottom. The material undergoes sifting for a period of about 10 minutes; thereafter, the material retained on each sieve is weighed. The percent retained on each sieve is calculated by dividing the weight of the material retained on a particular sieve by the weight of the original sample. This information is used to compute the mean particle size, by the method outlined in Chapter 3 of Fluidization Engineering by Kunii and Levenspiel (1987). The desulfurization process of the present invention is carried out in a desulfurization zone of a reactor under a set of desulfurization conditions that include total pressure, temperature, and weighted hourly space velocity. The desulfurization conditions at which the desulfurization zone is maintained preferably include a temperature in a range of from about 200xc2x0 F. to about 1200xc2x0 F., more preferably from about 500xc2x0 F. to about 900xc2x0 F., and most preferably from 600xc2x0 F. to 800xc2x0 F. for best sulfur removal. The total pressure at which the desulfurization zone is maintained is preferably in a range of from about 15 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) to about 1500 psig, more preferably from about 50 psig to about 600 psig, and most preferably from I100 psig to 200 psig for best sulfur removal and minimal octane loss. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9cweighted hourly space velocityxe2x80x9d or xe2x80x9cWHSVxe2x80x9d is defined as the numerical ratio of the rate at which the sulfur-containing fluid is charged to the desulfurization zone in pounds per hour at standard conditions of temperature and pressure (STP) divided by the pounds of the sorbent composition contained in the desulfurization zone to which the sulfur-containing fluid is charged. In the practice of the present invention, such WHSV should be in a range of from about 0.5 hrxe2x88x921 to about 50 hrxe2x88x921, preferably in a range of from about 1 hrxe2x88x921 to about 20 hrxe2x88x921 for best sulfur removal. Desulfurization of the sulfur-containing fluid in the desulfurization zone should be conducted for a time sufficient to effect the removal of at least a substantial portion of the sulfur from such sulfur-containing fluid. Optionally, in desulfurizing the sulfur-containing fluid, additional reactants either alone or in combination with a diluent, can be employed which interferes with any possible chemical or physical reacting of the olefinic and aromatic compounds in the sulfur-containing fluid. Preferably, such diluents comprise hydrogen. The diluent charged to the reaction zone preferably contains more than about 25 volume percent hydrogen based on the total volume of the diluent, more preferably more than about 50 volume percent hydrogen, still more preferably more than about 75 volume percent hydrogen, and most preferably more than 95 volume percent hydrogen. If desired, the diluent can further comprise compounds such as methane, carbon dioxide, flue gas, nitrogen, and the like, and combinations thereof Thus, it is not essential to the practice of the present invention that a high purity hydrogen be employed in achieving the desired desulfurization of the sulfur-containing fluid. The amount of hydrogen charged to the desulfurization zone is generally such that the mole ratio of hydrogen to sulfur-containing fluid is in the range of from about 0.01:1 to about 100: 1, more preferably from about 0.1:1 to about 10:1, and most preferably from 0.2:1 to 2:1 for best sulfur removal. Preferably, the desulfurization conditions employed in the desulfurization process of the present invention are sufficient to provide vaporization of substantially all of the sulfur-containing fluid present in the desulfurization zone. Preferably, at least about 75 weight percent of the sulfur-containing fluid present in the desulfurization zone is in the vapor phase, more preferably at least about 95 weight percent of the sulfur-containing fluid is in the vapor phase, and most preferably at least 98 weight percent of the sulfur-containing fluid is in the vapor phase for best sulfur removal. It is presently preferred that the desulfurization reaction of the present invention be carried out in the reaction zone of a fluidized bed reactor. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9cfluidized bed reactorxe2x80x9d denotes a reactor wherein a fluid feed, as defined earlier, can be contacted with solid particles (such as sorbent particles) in a manner such that the solid particles are at least partly suspended within the reaction zone by the flow of the fluid feed through the reaction zone and the solid particles are substantially free to move about within the reaction zone as driven by the flow of the fluid feed through the reaction zone. When the sorbent composition is contacted with the sulfur-containing fluid in the desulfurization zone, sulfur compounds, particularly organosulfur compounds, present in the sulfur-containing fluid are removed from such fluid. At least a portion of the sulfur removed from the sulfur-containing fluid is employed to convert at least a portion of the zinc oxide of the sorbent composition into zinc sulfide. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the promoter metal of the sorbent composition functions to facilitate removal of the sulfur from the sulfur-containing fluid while the zinc oxide functions to facilitate the storage of the sulfur on/in the sorbent composition through the conversion of at least a portion of the zinc oxide to zinc sulfide. In contrast to many conventional sulfur removal processes (e.g., hydrodesulfurization), it is preferred that substantially none of the sulfur removed from the sulfur-containing fluid is converted to hydrogen sulfide. Rather, it is preferred that the fluid effluent (comprising the desulfurized fluid and the diluent) from the desulfurization zone comprises not more than about 200 percent (by weight) of the amount of hydrogen sulfide in the fluid feed (comprising the sulfur-containing fluid and the diluent) charged to the desulfurization zone, more preferably not more than about 150 percent of the amount of hydrogen sulfide in the fluid feed, and most preferably less hydrogen sulfide than the fluid feed. The fluid effluent from the desulfurization zone preferably contains less than about 50 weight percent of the amount of sulfur in the fluid feed charged to the desulfurization zone, more preferably less than about 20 weight percent of the amount of sulfur in the fluid feed, and most preferably less than 5 weight percent of the amount of sulfur in the fluid feed. It is preferred for the total sulfur content of the fluid effluent from the desulfurization zone to be less than about 50 parts per million by weight (ppmw) of the total fluid effluent, more preferably less than about 30 ppmw, still more preferably less than about 15 ppmw, and most preferably less than 10 ppmw. After sulfur removal in the desulfurization zone, the fluids in the desulfurization zone and the solids in the desulfurization zone can be separated by any manner or method known in the art for separating a solid from a fluid, preferably a solid from a gas. Examples of suitable means for separating solids and gasses include, but are not limited to, cyclonic devices, settling chambers, impingement devices, filters, and combinations thereof The desulfurized fluid, preferably desulfurized cracked-gasoline or diesel fuel, can thereafter be recovered from the fluid effluent and preferably liquified. Liquification of such desulfurized fluid can be accomplished by any method or manner known in the art. The liquified, desulfurized fluid preferably comprises less than about 50 weight percent of the amount of sulfur in the sulfur-containing fluid charged to the desulfurization zone, more preferably less than about 20 weight percent of the amount of sulfur in the sulfur-containing feed, and most preferably less than 5 weight percent of the amount of sulfur in the sulfur-containing fluid. The desulfurized fluid preferably comprises less than about 50 ppmw sulfur, more preferably less than about 30 ppmw sulfur, still more preferably less than about 15 ppmw sulfur, and most preferably less than 10 ppmw sulfur. After separation of the sulfurized sorbent from the fluid effluent of the reactor, the sulfurized sorbent is preferably regenerated in a regeneration zone by contacting the sulfurized sorbent composition with an oxygen-containing regeneration stream under suitable regeneration conditions. The regeneration is preferably carried out at a temperature in a range of from about 200xc2x0 F. to about 1500xc2x0 F., more preferably from about 500xc2x0 F. to about 1200xc2x0 F., and most preferably from 800xc2x0 F. to 1100xc2x0 F. The total pressure in the regeneration zone is preferably maintained in a range of from about 10 psig to about 1500 psig, more preferably in a range of from 15 to 100 psig. The residence time of the sorbent composition in the regeneration zone can be any time sufficient to achieve the desired level of sorbent regeneration. Such regeneration residence time is preferably in a range of from about 0.1 hours to about 24 hours, more preferably from 0.5 hours to 3 hours. These parameters provide for best sorbent regeneration. The oxygen-containing regeneration stream employed in the regeneration step can be any oxygen-containing stream that, when contacted with the sulfurized sorbent composition under the above-described regeneration conditions, promotes the conversion of at least a portion of the zinc sulfide associated with the sulfurized sorbent to zinc oxide, promotes the return of at least a substantial portion of the promoter metal to its common oxidized (i.e., unreduced) state, and burns off any remaining hydrocarbon deposits that might be present on the sulfurized sorbent composition. During regeneration, sulfates can form on/in the sorbent. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9csulfatexe2x80x9d or xe2x80x9csulfatesxe2x80x9d shall denote any sulfate-containing compound(s) whose chemical formula includes the expression xe2x80x9cSO4xe2x80x9d. Typically, the sulfates associated with the sorbent composition employed in the present invention will be in the form of a zinc sulfate or a zinc oxysulfate. For example, a particularly common sulfate associated with the sorbent composition is trizinc oxide bisulfate (Zn3O(SO4)2). After regeneration, the desulfurized sorbent typically comprises a small amount of sulfates, at least a portion of which can be removed from the sorbent during activation of the desulfurized sorbent. Typically, the desulfurized sorbent exiting the regeneration zone comprises from about 0.01 to about 2.0 weight percent sulfur as sulfates, more typically from about 0.05 to about 1.5 weight percent sulfur as sulfates, and most typically from 0.1 to 1 weight percent sulfur as sulfates. It has been discovered that excess sulfation of the sorbent can occur in the regeneration zone when the optimum regeneration conditions are not properly maintained and/or when the oxygen-containing regeneration stream contains undesirable impurities. Excess sulfation of the sorbent composition can dramatically decrease the ability of the sorbent composition to remove sulfur from the sulfur-containing fluid in the desulfurization zone. When the amount of sulfates associated with the sorbent composition is excessively high, the sorbent composition can be effectively deactivated. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9cdeactivationxe2x80x9d or xe2x80x9cdeactivated,xe2x80x9d when referring to the sorbent, shall denote a sorbent comprising sulfates in an amount which causes the sorbent to remove less than half the amount of sulfur from a sulfur-containing fluid, such as cracked-gasoline or diesel fuel, than if such sorbent comprised substantially no sulfates. Typically, a deactivated sorbent comprises at least about 2 weight percent sulfur in the form of sulfates. More typically, the deactivated sorbent comprises at least about 4 weight percent sulfur as sulfates, still more typically the deactivated sorbent comprises at least about 8 weight percent sulfur as sulfates, and most typically the, deactivated sorbent comprises at least 12 weight percent sulfur as sulfates. It has been discovered that the amount of sulfur dioxide in the regeneration stream has a critical impact on the degree of sulfation of the sorbent during regeneration. The presence of more than about 10 mole percent of sulfur dioxide in the regeneration stream charged to the regeneration zone can cause deactivation of the sorbent due to sulfation of the sorbent in the regeneration zone. Thus, it is preferred for the amount of sulfur dioxide in the regeneration stream to be maintained at a level of less than about 10 mole percent, more preferably.less than about 5 mole percent, still more preferably less than about 2 mole percent, and most preferably less than 1 mole percent. During normal operation of the regenerator, some sulfur dioxide will be present in the regeneration zone due to the reaction of the oxygen in the regeneration stream and the zinc sulfide of the sorbent. It has been discovered that the average sulfur dioxide partial pressure in the regeneration zone must be maintained within a certain range in order to adequately regenerate the sorbent without causing excess sulfation of the sorbent. If the average sulfur dioxide partial pressure in the regeneration zone is too high, then excess sulfation, and perhaps even deactivation, of the sorbent occurs. As used herein, the term xe2x80x9caverage sulfur dioxide partial pressurexe2x80x9d denotes the average partial pressure of sulfur dioxide in the regeneration zone over the regeneration residence time. Although regeneration of the sorbent can be performed over a wide range of total pressures, the optimum average sulfur dioxide partial pressure range remains constant regardless of the total pressure in the regeneration zone. Preferably, the average sulfur dioxide partial pressure in the regeneration zone is maintained in a range of from about 0.1 psig to about 10 psig, more preferably from about 0.2 psig to about 5 psig, still more preferably from about 0.5 psig to about 4 psig, and most preferably from 1 psig to 3 psig for optimal sorbent regeneration. Because sulfur dioxide is generated by the reactions(s) which take place in the regeneration zone, the average sulfur dioxide partial pressure in the regeneration zone cannot be maintained in the desired range by simply directly controlling the amount of sulfur dioxide in the oxygen-containing regeneration stream. However, the average sulfur dioxide partial pressure in the regeneration zone can be indirectly controlled by (1) controlling the rate at which the sulfurized sorbent is charged to the regeneration zone and (2) controlling the rate at which the regeneration stream is charged to the regeneration zone. After regeneration, the desulfurized sorbent composition is subjected to reduction (i.e., activation) in an activation zone under activation conditions with a reducing stream, preferably a hydrogen-containing reducing stream, so that at least a portion of the unreduced promoter metal of the desulfurized sorbent composition is reduced, thereby providing a reduced sorbent composition comprising a reduced-valence promoter metal. Such reduced-valence promoter metal is present in the sorbent composition in an amount that provides for the removal of sulfur from a sulfur-containing fluid according to the process of the present invention. Typical activation conditions at which the activation zone is maintained include a temperature in a range of from more than about 300xc2x0 F. to less than about 1000xc2x0 F., more preferably from about 500xc2x0 F. to about 900xc2x0 F., and most preferably in a range from 600xc2x0 F. to 800xc2x0 F. The activation zone is preferably maintained at a pressure in a range from about 10 psig to about 1500 psig, more preferably from 15 psig to 100 psig. The residence time of the sorbent in the activation zone is preferably in a range of from about 0.1 hours to about 40 hours, more preferably from about 0.2 hours to about 10 hours, and most preferably from 0.5 hours to 1 hour. The reducing stream with which the regenerated sorbent is contacted in the activation zone preferably contains at least about 25 volume percent hydrogen, more preferably at least about 50 volume percent hydrogen, still more preferably at least about 90 volume percent hydrogen, and most preferably at least 95 volume percent hydrogen. Thus, it is not essential to the practice of the present invention that a high purity hydrogen be employed in achieving the desired reduction (i.e., activation) of the sorbent composition. Conditions recited in this paragraph provide for best activation of the desulfurized sorbent. In addition to reducing the valence of the promoter metal, the reduction step is preferably sufficient to reduce the amount of sulfates associated with the sorbent composition. It has been discovered that the presence of the promoter metal in the sorbent composition facilitates a reduction in the amount of sulfates associated with the sorbent composition when the sulfated sorbent composition is contacted with the reducing stream in the activation zone. Thus, the amount of sulfates removed from a sorbent in the activation zone when the sorbent comprises the promoter metal is more than the amount of sulfates removed from the sorbent composition when the sorbent comprises substantially no promoter metal. Preferably, when the sorbent comprises the promoter metal, at least about a 2 percent increase in sulfate removal (by weight of sulfur as sulfates) is exhibited over a sorbent comprising substantially no promoter metal, more preferably at least about a 5 percent increase in sulfate removal is exhibited, still more preferably at least about a 10 percent increase in sulfate removal is exhibited, and most preferably at least a 50 percent increase in sulfate removal is exhibited over a sorbent comprising substantially no promoter metal. Once the sorbent has been activated in the activation zone, at least a portion of the activated sorbent can be returned to the desulfurization zone for desulfurization or further desulfurization of the sulfur-containing fluid. In carrying out the process of the present invention, a stripper zone can optionally be inserted before and/or after, preferably before, regenerating the sulfurized sorbent composition in the regeneration zone. A similar stripper zone, preferably utilizing a stripping agent, serves to remove a portion, preferably all, of any hydrocarbon(s) from the sulfurized sorbent composition. Such stripper zone can also serve to remove oxygen and sulfur dioxide from the system prior to introduction of the regenerated sorbent composition into the activation zone. Preferably, the stripping, when employed, is carried out at a total pressure in a range of from about 25 pounds per square inch absolute (psia) to about 500 psia. The temperature for such stripping can be in a range of from about 100xc2x0 F. to about 1,000xc2x0 F. Stripping is carried out for a time sufficient to achieve the desired level of stripping. Such stripping can generally be achieved in a time period in a range of from about 0.1 hour to about 4 hours, preferably in a range of from 0.3 hour to 1 hour. The stripping agent is a composition(s) that helps to remove a hydrocarbon(s) from the sulfurized sorbent composition. Preferably, the stripping agent is nitrogen. When carrying out the process of the present invention, the steps of desulfurizing, regenerating, and activating can be accomplished in a single zone or vessel or in multiple zones or vessels. The desulfurization zone can be any zone where desulfurizing a sulfur-containing fluid, such as cracked-gasoline or diesel fuel, can take place. The regeneration zone can be any zone where regenerating of a sulfurized sorbent can take place. The activation zone can be any zone wherein reducing (i.e., activating) a regenerated, desulfurized sorbent can take place. Examples of suitable zones are fixed bed reactors, moving bed reactors, fluidized bed reactors, transport reactors, reactor vessels, and the like. When carrying out the process of the present invention in a fixed bed reactor, the steps of desulfurizing, regenerating, and activating can be accomplished in a single zone or vessel. When carrying out the process of the present invention in a fluidized bed reactor system, the steps of desulfurizing, regenerating, and reducing can be accomplished in multiple zones or vessels.

The Chicago Center for Reproductive Research Molecular Technology Core is established to function as a common facility where specific technical services and expertise are available to all project investigators. The Core facility will ensure increased efficiency and functionality of each of the individual projects. The molecular biology section of the core will provide a centralized facility that will provide a number of services to each participating investigator in the U54. This list includes, but is not limited to, the following services. Design and production of DNA constructs and targeting constructs for the production of transgenic and knock out mice, DNA sequencing, western blotting, genomic DNA preparation and plasmid DNA preparation. This section will also identify positive founder and chimeric mice produced by the transgenic section. The transgenic section of the core will be available to the participating investigators of the U54 to produce transgenic and chimeric/gene knockout mice. This will be done on a pay per use basis with the Transgenic/ES Cell Facility of the University of Chicago Cancer Research Center and the Diabetes Research Training Center. The histology section of the core will be available to all participating investigators to streamline the anatomical analysis of samples provided by each project. The services provided by this section would include sectioning and mounting of tissues, immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization and double labeling histology. This section will have the resources and skills necessary to pertbrm radioactive and nonradioactive labeling, including enzymatic based detection systems and fluorescence.

Q: Reading ID3v2 tags from MP3 using JavaFX MediaPlayer I've got some MP3's that were previously not giving me issues reading metadata. Using JavaFX's MediaPlayer.getMetadata() function, I grab all the data from the mp3 file and store it in an ObservableMap<String, Object> map. This worked just great, and then I started using different MP3s. The standard is obviously ID3v2, but I cannot find any documentation in regards to the getMetadata function and which kinds of tags it parses, and what types it prioritizes over others. Right now I can manage to get Artist, Album, Title, and Album Artist, but the other tags like Track and Track Count are no longer functioning. When I load the metadata, I first print out a call to data.toString(). The data object is the ObservableMap<String, Object> map. It prints nicely formatted, as seen here: {album artist=LCD Soundsystem, artist=LCD Soundsystem, raw metadata={ID3=java.nio.HeapByteBufferR[pos=221 lim=4096 cap=4096]}, title=You Wanted a Hit, album=This Is Happening} The MP3s I used before had the track, track total, year, and other metadata in this map, and I cannot find out why they will no longer read. I tried, in my MP3 tag editor, to save to ALL formats of tags (including ID3v1, ID3v2, and APE) but it still refuses to load those particular tags. I still haven't managed to find any documentation past the regular Oracle javadoc for the getMetadata function, if anyone could point me in the right direction that'd be lovely. A: Looks like I figured out the issue. The tag utility I was using was defaulting to ID3v2.3@utf16. I used MP3Tag to convert them to ID3v2.4@utf8. All fields are properly loaded now. If anyone can chime in with any extra documentation on what datatypes are returned in the map or what other tags it will return would be great.

Effects of nitrite stress on mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes, immune-related genes and apoptosis-related proteins in Marsupenaeus japonicus. Nitrite accumulation in aquaculture systems is a potential risk factor that may trigger stress responses in aquatic organisms. However, the mechanisms regulating the responses of shrimp to nitrite stress remain unclear. In this study, full-length cDNA sequences of two apoptosis-related genes, caspase-3 and defender against apoptotic death (DAD-1), were cloned from Marsupenaeus japonicus for the first time, and their expression levels and tissue distribution were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The full lengths of Mjcaspase-3 and MjDAD-1 were 1203 bp and 640 bp respectively, with deduced amino acid (AA) sequences of 321 and 114 AA. Mjcaspase-3 was predominantly expressed in haemocytes and weakly expressed in the seven other tissues tested. MjDAD-1 was mainly expressed in the defense and digestive tissues, especially in the hepatopancreas and hemocytes. To explore the influence of nitrite stress on the genetic response of antioxidant enzymes, immune-related genes and apoptosis-related proteins, the mRNA expression profiles of MjCAT, MjMnSOD, Mj-ilys, Mj-sty, Mjcaspase-3 and MjDAD-1 in response to nitrite stress were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The mRNA levels of MjCAT, MjMnSOD, Mj-ilys, Mj-sty, Mjcaspase-3 and MjDAD-1 show both time- and dose-dependent changes in response to nitrite stress. The mRNA expression levels of MjCAT and MjSOD peaked at 6 h for all nitrite concentrations tested (p < 0.05) and the up-regulated of MjCAT and MjSOD exhibited a positive correlation with the nitrite concentration. The mRNA expression levels of Mj-ilys and Mj-sty gradually decreased during the experiment period. Mjcaspase-3 mRNA level reached a maximum at 6 h (p < 0.05), and MjDAD-1 reached its peak at 12 h and 48 h in 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L nitrite, respectively. In addition, CAT and SOD activity showed changes in response to nitrite stress that mirrored the induced expression of MjCAT and MjMnSOD, and prolonged nitrite exposure reduced the activity of CAT. This study provided basic data for further elucidating the responses of shrimp to nitrite stress at the molecular level.

1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibration damper having a piston cylinder with a cylinder, a piston connected to a piston rod axially movably arranged in the cylinder, and a stop spring which is compressed after a piston rod of the vibration damper reaches a defined stroke position and which defines a radially inner space connected to a working space in said cylinder. 2. Description of the Related Art DE 78 02 898 U1 discloses a vibration damper with a stop spring in the form of a circular elastomeric ring, which is concentric to a piston rod inside a damping medium-filled working space on the piston rod side of the vibration damper. As soon as a defined stroke position is reached, the stop spring is clamped by a stop on the piston rod side against an end surface of a piston rod guide facing the working space. When the stop spring is compressed, the volume of the damping medium present in the annular space between the piston rod and the stop spring is pushed radially outward through transverse openings. These transverse openings, however, are also axially clamped, and their cross section is thus reduced. To ensure that damping medium can continue to escape from the annular space, the stop spring has radial channels in its end surfaces; these channels connect the annular space to the working space on the piston rod side. At an increased level of compression, however, these radial channels can also be closed by the displacement or deformation of the entire stop spring. Thus the damping medium can escape from the annular space only in the direction toward the piston rod guide Experiments have shown that this effect does not lead to any damage in the case of a vibration damper of the two-tube type. Two-tube vibration dampers such as those known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,287,970 have a side channel between a piston rod bush and a piston rod seal. Oil carried along on the piston rod can escape through this side channel to a compensating space. This side channel can then also be used by the damping medium to escape from the annular space of the stop spring. This possibility is not available in a vibration damper of the single-tube type, the compensating space of which is frequently located downstream from the working space on the side of the piston facing away from the piston rod. Under certain conditions, therefore, damping medium can emerge in the gap between the stop spring and the piston rod. It has also been found that the previously described problem occurs primarily in the case of comparatively long stop springs. The use of short stop springs, however, does not represent a genuine solution, because it is necessary to maintain a specific damping force characteristic. A stop spring with a closed, ring-shaped body as a spring element and metal angular rings at one end, which slide on the piston rod, is known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,527,674. These angular rings have short webs on the axial end surfaces, so that radial discharge channels are present when the end surface rests against, for example, the piston rod guide. The discharge channels are guaranteed to remain open. The metal angular rings, however generate noise when they strike the piston rod guide, and this interferes with passenger comfort.

A well-crafted ‘Oklahoma!’ at the Woodlawn Theater Since its debut in 1943, Rodgers and Hammerstein’s Oklahoma! has grown to be one of the most recognized and frequently staged musicals in theater history. It’s even making its way back to Broadway this month. In its most recent incarnation at the Woodlawn Theater, the old warhorse gets a boost of energy thanks to a slick production and enthusiastic performances. The dream sequence in Oklahoma!, now playing at San Antonio’s Woodlawn Theatre. Like the 1927 Show Boat, Oklahoma! represented a departure in the Broadway style, moving away from musical comedy revues and toward “book musicals” — productions with dramatic elements whose songs are integrated into the plot. The legendary Agnes De Mille’s choreography for Oklahoma! was groundbreaking, too — especially the famous lengthy dream sequence, which the Woodlawn impressively recreates thanks to the efforts of choreographer Kahlee Moore and fight choreographer Morgan Clyde. By way of a special arrangement with partner Alamo Arts Ballet Theatre, guest dancers Jeremy Rohm and Emily Rohm appear as the “dream” versions of Curly and Laurey. The familiar characters are portrayed by a standout cast, including Amanda Golden as Laurey, Chris Fuglestad as Curly, Rebecca Trinidad as Aunt Eller, Kevin Cox as Will, Brian Hodges as Jud, Jimmi Nelson-Reid as Ado Annie, Ivan Ortega as Ali and Kate Ragan as Gertie. They’re supported by a terrific additional ensemble of 20. The production is helmed by Christopher Rodriguez, the Woodlawn’s executive artistic director, who said, “Oklahoma! is one of my all-time favorite shows and this marks the sixth time I’ve worked on this iconic classic.” His affection for the piece shines through. Oklahoma! plays Friday and Saturday at 7:30 p.m. and Sunday at 3:00 p.m. through Mar. 17 at the Woodlawn Theatre, 1920 Fredericksburg Road. Note: on Saturday, Mar. 9, it plays at 2:00 p.m. Additionally, Pride Night will be held on Friday, Mar. 8 from 6:00 to 7:30 p.m. and ASL Night takes place on Saturday, Mar. 16. Reservations can be made online or by calling (210) 267-8388. Woodlawn Theatre presents the Rodgers and Hammerstein classic musical live on the Woodlawn stage. Experience the boot-stompin', heartwarming, and exciting musical now thru March 17th. Get your tickets to OKLAHOMA! at https://www.woodlawntheatre.org/oklahoma

INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1} ============ For cancer pain, oral opioid analgesic is the mainstay of treatment.\[[@ref1]--[@ref3]\] When weak opioids like tramadol, codeine fail to achieve satisfactory pain relief, strong opioids should be incorporated in the treatment plan in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for cancer pain relief.\[[@ref4]\] Consequently, morphine administration should be titrated in each individual to a dose sufficient to provide stable pain relief with an acceptable level of side effects.\[[@ref5]\] The European Association of Palliative Care (EAPC) guidelines for management of cancer pain recommend that titration is performed using oral immediate release morphine given 4 hourly.\[[@ref6]\] But continuous intravenous infusion has an advantage in cases of severe pain when rapid titration and immediate pain relief is needed.\[[@ref7]\] Adjuvant drugs (anxiolytics, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, corticosteroids) may modify the perception of pain and remove the concomitants of pain such as fear, anxiety and depression. These drugs can be primary analgesics, but they are usually added in the treatment plan to supplement primary analgesics. The adjuvant analgesic along with opioid has been used to obtain optimum pain relief with acceptable side effects. This case report highlights the selection of appropriate adjuvant making titration of morphine easy with acceptable side effects. CASE REPORT {#sec1-2} =========== A 71-year-old female presented with pain and swelling in right gluteal region and the lower limb for 7--8 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed destruction of right pelvic bone with a large soft tissue mass involving right hip joint along with partial collapse of L (lumbar) 2-3 vertebral bodies, diffuse disk bulge at L2-3, L3-4, L4-5, L5-S (sacral) 1 levels compressing the thecal sac. After tissue biopsy and histopathologic examination, the gluteal soft tissue mass was diagnosed as spindle cell sarcoma. Computed tomography (CT) scan of thorax was negative for metastases. But surgery was not possible due to the extent of disease. Therefore, external radiotherapy to right gluteal region and right hemipelvis was given with an aim to reduce the tumor bulk and give pain relief. But there was no relief from pain. The patient was then referred to Pain clinic, with swelling in right gluteal region and pain radiating to the right leg. The intensity of the pain was reported as a 9 on the 10-point visual analog scale (VAS), with the least pain as 8/10. The pain was constant, and described as burning, sharp, and shocking. The inability to achieve pain relief resulted in lack of sleep, poor quality of life, and severe depression. At this point of time, she was taking tab. codeine 30 mg 6 hourly, but pain relief was only 20% lasting for less than 1 hour. So, oral morphine 10 mg 4 hourly was started and titrated to 15 mg 4 hourly along with ibuprofen and paracetamol combination 8 hourly, cap. pregabalin 75 mg at bedtime along with tab dulcolax and tab. ranitidine twice a day. After 3 days, the patient again came back complaining of pain with a VAS of 8/10. The patient was then admitted to ward and intravenous morphine infusion at 1.0 mg/hour was started to titrate the dose. Oral methylprednisolone 8 mg 12 hourly was added to reduce tissue edema. After 12 hours, VAS was reduced to only 7/10. Therefore, morphine infusion was increased to 1.5 mg/hour for 12 hours, but VAS could be reduced to only 4/10. So, morphine infusion was further increased to 2.0 mg/hour and then titrated up to 3.0 mg/hour to achieve 100% pain relief, but at this dose of morphine, patient became sedated. Morphine infusion was therefore reduced to 2.5 mg/hour for the next 24 hours and pregabalin dose was increased to 300 mg a day. The patient remained conscious and alert with 1/10 VAS. Then, the patient was shifted to oral morphine 30 mg 4 hourly and pregabalin 150 mg twice a day, and a combination of ibuprofen and paracetamol 8 hourly. She remained awake and alert with 100% pain relief and was discharged. DISCUSSION {#sec1-3} ========== There is no such thing as a standard dose of morphine.\[[@ref7]\] The goal of morphine therapy is a favorable balance between analgesia and side effects. The dose must be titrated against effect for each patient, and the starting dose should be determined by previous analgesic dose. Whenever shifting from weak opioid to strong opioid, one should start with 10 mg dose every 4 hourly. If the patient is suffering from very severe pain, one can directly prescribe a strong analgesic. During dose titration, it is preferable to use immediate release formulation of morphine because the onset is very rapid, has a definitive effect, and the duration of action is 3--4 hours to allow steady state to be achieved as quickly as possible.\[[@ref6]\] We also used immediate release preparation of oral morphine for optimum pain control. The patient should be evaluated during four to five half-lives (i.e., within 24 hours) after the start of treatment and every dose adjustment, and the dose should be adjusted accordingly. This method of dose titration avoids the need to remember predetermined increments and has been shown to be safe and effective. The correct dose of an opioid is the dose that effectively relieves pain without inducing unacceptable side effect. Dose requirements may vary a lot, but few patients need very high doses. The adjuvant analgesic drugs include many drugs from various classes. All these drugs are available for indications other than analgesia, but they may be analgesic in select circumstances. Adjuvant analgesics such as antidepressant or anticonvulsant drugs, used alone or in conjunction with a conventional analgesic, have an important role in some patients.\[[@ref8]\] There is no standard or set of doses of narcotics in cancer pain. There is a great variation between individuals. One may experience pain even in the early stage of disease; this should be properly evaluated and treated because every patient has a different pain threshold level and different opioid requirement. Our patient sedated after increment of intravenous morphine dose; this may be due to the fact that by the same time steroid was started, the pain sensation due to compression of structures was relieved after taking steroid as steroid helps in relieving compression symptoms by decreasing the tissue edema. This could have resulted in sedation due to increment of morphine dose. The relative potency of morphine by intravenous and subcutaneous routes is the same. When converting from oral to intravenous morphine, the oral dose should be divided by three.\[[@ref9]\] If a patient develops inadequate analgesia or suffers intolerable adverse effects despite the optimal use of systemic opioids, spinal administration (epidural or intrathecal) should be considered. The use of spinal opioids is highly controversial,\[[@ref10]\] but it is generally thought that this route should be used as a second-line option in managing cancer pain. Oral route is the standard route for relief from cancer pain. But when a patient is unable to take oral drugs from causes like mucositis, odynophagia associated with carcinoma base of tongue and carcinoma esophagus, and for patients with very severe pain, who are unable to swallow drugs or experience vomiting/regurgitation, intravenous route should be chosen.\[[@ref7]\] Subcutaneous and rectal route of morphine administration may be an option for terminal ill patients, unable to swallow oral medicines. We used intravenous morphine infusion for immediate pain relief and to titrate the dose of morphine in our patient. It seems that the relative potency ratio varies according to the circumstances in which morphine is used. It also varies among individual patients. A randomized controlled trial by Harris *et al*. compared intravenous route with oral route for initial dose titration of morphine in 62 patients with end-stage cancer, having severe pain, and found the intravenous method to be safe, effective and superior to the traditional method in providing immediate relief to severe cancer pain.\[[@ref11]\] In a multicenter study,\[[@ref12]\] 28 patients with cancer pain and insufficient pain relief with analgesic treatment according to step II of the guidelines of the WHO were given intravenous morphine initially through a Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) pump for the first 24 hours. From the second day, the patients were treated with oral slow-release morphine. They concluded that dose finding with intravenous PCA may be appropriate for a small minority of patients with severe pain. The systemic availability of morphine by the oral route is poor and this contributes to a sometimes unpredictable onset of action and great inter-individual variability in dose requirements and response. Some types of pain do not always respond well or completely to morphine, notably neuropathic pain. Addition of proper adjuvant analgesics makes a lot of difference in these patients. However, none of the alternatives to morphine has so far demonstrated advantages, which would make it preferable as the first-line oral opioid for cancer pain. In patients with deranged liver and kidney function, dose of oral or parenteral morphine should be carefully titrated to avoid unnecessary effects due to morphine overdose as a result of accumulation of morphine metabolites. The role of conventional analgesic is limited in neuropathic pain. Certain adjuvant analgesics like gabapentine and pregabalin have been proven to provide definitive role in these types of pain. Providing sustained analgesia is an important aspect of cancer pain management. Medications should be administered on an around-the-clock basis because regular administration of doses maintains a constant level of drug in the body and helps prevent recurrence of pain. Titration is improved by the more frequent administration of smaller doses, but it is important to use additional doses to initially "load" a patient. The titration of opioids should always be accompanied by the monitoring of pain and sedation scores and ventilation. In patients with tumor progression, the increase of the analgesic medication might be due to the changing in the clinical situation and disease progression. Dose titration with a potent opioid may be considered as safe and efficient in clinical practice. Nevertheless, the high morbidity and the reduced performance status and compliance, in combination with the analgesic medication, may lead to complications, requiring fast intervention from the medical staff. Our patient also behaved in a similar manner and the high morphine requirement might be the result of progressive nature of the disease. CONCLUSION {#sec1-4} ========== Admission to palliative care units for dose titration with morphine is required for few patients in their old age, advanced malignancy, bony and neuropathic pain. However, a small minority of cancer patients suffers from pain exacerbations so severe that intravenous dose finding with proper selection of adjuvant drug is necessary for assessment of pain syndromes, planning of the analgesic regimen, and adequate pain management. **Source of Support:** Nil. **Conflict of Interest:** None declared.

Q: Find nearest sum of numbers in array to a given number Say I have an array [10000,5000,1000,1000] and I would like to find the closest sum of numbers to a given number. Sorry for the bad explanation but here's an example: Say I have an array [10000,5000,1000,1000] I want to find the closest numbers to, say 6000. Then the method should return 5000 and 1000 another example : we want the closest to 14000 , so then he should return 10000 and 5000 here i've tried on php but it's something wrong when i put 6000 i should get 5000 and 1000 <?php $arr = [10000,5000,1000,1000]; $x = 6000; var_dump(eek($x,$arr)); function eek($x,$arr) { $index = []; $counter = 0; foreach($arr as $val) { if($counter + $val <= $x) { $counter += $val; $index[] = $val; } elseif($counter + $val >= $x) { $counter += $val; $index[] = $val; break; } } if($counter == $x) { return $index; } elseif($counter >= $x) { return $index; } else { return []; } } ?> Anyone have solution about it ? A: Here it is works with float and negative values: $numbers = array( 10000,5000,1000,1000 ); $desiredSum = 6000; $minDist = null; $minDist_I = null; // Iterate on every possible combination $maxI = pow(2,sizeof($numbers)); for($i=0;$i<$maxI;$i++) { if(!(($i+1) % 1000)) echo "."; // Figure out which numbers to select in this $sum = 0; for($j=0;$j<sizeof($numbers);$j++) { if($i & (1 << $j)) { $sum += $numbers[$j]; } } $diff = abs($sum - $desiredSum); if($minDist_I === null || $diff < $minDist) { $minDist_I = $i; $minDist = $diff; } if($diff == 0) break; } $chosen = array(); for($j=0;$j<sizeof($numbers);$j++) { if($minDist_I & (1 << $j)) $chosen[] = $numbers[$j]; } echo "\nThese numbers sum to " . array_sum($chosen) . " (closest to $desiredSum): "; echo implode(", ", $chosen); echo "\n";

Q: Handling dependencies with IoC that change within a single function call We are trying to figure out how to setup Dependency Injection for situations where service classes can have different dependencies based on how they are used. In our specific case, we have a web app where 95% of the time the connection string is the same for the entire Request (this is a web application), but sometimes it can change. For example, we might have 2 classes with the following dependencies (simplified version - service actually has 4 dependencies): public LoginService (IUserRepository userRep) { } public UserRepository (IContext dbContext) { } In our IoC container, most of our dependencies are auto-wired except the Context for which I have something like this (not actual code, it's from memory ... this is StructureMap): x.ForRequestedType().Use() .WithCtorArg("connectionString").EqualTo(Session["ConnString"]); For 95% of our web application, this works perfectly. However, we have some admin-type functions that must operate across thousands of databases (one per client). Basically, we'd want to do this: public CreateUserList(IList<string> connStrings) { foreach (connString in connStrings) { //first create dependency graph using new connection string ???? //then call service method on new database _loginService.GetReportDataForAllUsers(); } } My question is: How do we create that new dependency graph for each time through the loop, while maintaining something that can easily be tested? A: We ended up just creating a concrete context and injecting that, then changing creating a wrapper class that changed the context's connection string. Seemed to work fine.

package sqlmock import ( "database/sql/driver" "fmt" "reflect" "regexp" "strings" "sync" ) // Argument interface allows to match // any argument in specific way when used with // ExpectedQuery and ExpectedExec expectations. type Argument interface { Match(driver.Value) bool } // an expectation interface type expectation interface { fulfilled() bool Lock() Unlock() String() string } // common expectation struct // satisfies the expectation interface type commonExpectation struct { sync.Mutex triggered bool err error } func (e *commonExpectation) fulfilled() bool { return e.triggered } // ExpectedClose is used to manage *sql.DB.Close expectation // returned by *Sqlmock.ExpectClose. type ExpectedClose struct { commonExpectation } // WillReturnError allows to set an error for *sql.DB.Close action func (e *ExpectedClose) WillReturnError(err error) *ExpectedClose { e.err = err return e } // String returns string representation func (e *ExpectedClose) String() string { msg := "ExpectedClose => expecting database Close" if e.err != nil { msg += fmt.Sprintf(", which should return error: %s", e.err) } return msg } // ExpectedBegin is used to manage *sql.DB.Begin expectation // returned by *Sqlmock.ExpectBegin. type ExpectedBegin struct { commonExpectation } // WillReturnError allows to set an error for *sql.DB.Begin action func (e *ExpectedBegin) WillReturnError(err error) *ExpectedBegin { e.err = err return e } // String returns string representation func (e *ExpectedBegin) String() string { msg := "ExpectedBegin => expecting database transaction Begin" if e.err != nil { msg += fmt.Sprintf(", which should return error: %s", e.err) } return msg } // ExpectedCommit is used to manage *sql.Tx.Commit expectation // returned by *Sqlmock.ExpectCommit. type ExpectedCommit struct { commonExpectation } // WillReturnError allows to set an error for *sql.Tx.Close action func (e *ExpectedCommit) WillReturnError(err error) *ExpectedCommit { e.err = err return e } // String returns string representation func (e *ExpectedCommit) String() string { msg := "ExpectedCommit => expecting transaction Commit" if e.err != nil { msg += fmt.Sprintf(", which should return error: %s", e.err) } return msg } // ExpectedRollback is used to manage *sql.Tx.Rollback expectation // returned by *Sqlmock.ExpectRollback. type ExpectedRollback struct { commonExpectation } // WillReturnError allows to set an error for *sql.Tx.Rollback action func (e *ExpectedRollback) WillReturnError(err error) *ExpectedRollback { e.err = err return e } // String returns string representation func (e *ExpectedRollback) String() string { msg := "ExpectedRollback => expecting transaction Rollback" if e.err != nil { msg += fmt.Sprintf(", which should return error: %s", e.err) } return msg } // ExpectedQuery is used to manage *sql.DB.Query, *dql.DB.QueryRow, *sql.Tx.Query, // *sql.Tx.QueryRow, *sql.Stmt.Query or *sql.Stmt.QueryRow expectations. // Returned by *Sqlmock.ExpectQuery. type ExpectedQuery struct { queryBasedExpectation rows driver.Rows } // WithArgs will match given expected args to actual database query arguments. // if at least one argument does not match, it will return an error. For specific // arguments an sqlmock.Argument interface can be used to match an argument. func (e *ExpectedQuery) WithArgs(args ...driver.Value) *ExpectedQuery { e.args = args return e } // WillReturnError allows to set an error for expected database query func (e *ExpectedQuery) WillReturnError(err error) *ExpectedQuery { e.err = err return e } // WillReturnRows specifies the set of resulting rows that will be returned // by the triggered query func (e *ExpectedQuery) WillReturnRows(rows driver.Rows) *ExpectedQuery { e.rows = rows return e } // String returns string representation func (e *ExpectedQuery) String() string { msg := "ExpectedQuery => expecting Query or QueryRow which:" msg += "\n - matches sql: '" + e.sqlRegex.String() + "'" if len(e.args) == 0 { msg += "\n - is without arguments" } else { msg += "\n - is with arguments:\n" for i, arg := range e.args { msg += fmt.Sprintf(" %d - %+v\n", i, arg) } msg = strings.TrimSpace(msg) } if e.rows != nil { msg += "\n - should return rows:\n" rs, _ := e.rows.(*rows) for i, row := range rs.rows { msg += fmt.Sprintf(" %d - %+v\n", i, row) } msg = strings.TrimSpace(msg) } if e.err != nil { msg += fmt.Sprintf("\n - should return error: %s", e.err) } return msg } // ExpectedExec is used to manage *sql.DB.Exec, *sql.Tx.Exec or *sql.Stmt.Exec expectations. // Returned by *Sqlmock.ExpectExec. type ExpectedExec struct { queryBasedExpectation result driver.Result } // WithArgs will match given expected args to actual database exec operation arguments. // if at least one argument does not match, it will return an error. For specific // arguments an sqlmock.Argument interface can be used to match an argument. func (e *ExpectedExec) WithArgs(args ...driver.Value) *ExpectedExec { e.args = args return e } // WillReturnError allows to set an error for expected database exec action func (e *ExpectedExec) WillReturnError(err error) *ExpectedExec { e.err = err return e } // String returns string representation func (e *ExpectedExec) String() string { msg := "ExpectedExec => expecting Exec which:" msg += "\n - matches sql: '" + e.sqlRegex.String() + "'" if len(e.args) == 0 { msg += "\n - is without arguments" } else { msg += "\n - is with arguments:\n" var margs []string for i, arg := range e.args { margs = append(margs, fmt.Sprintf(" %d - %+v", i, arg)) } msg += strings.Join(margs, "\n") } if e.result != nil { res, _ := e.result.(*result) msg += "\n - should return Result having:" msg += fmt.Sprintf("\n LastInsertId: %d", res.insertID) msg += fmt.Sprintf("\n RowsAffected: %d", res.rowsAffected) if res.err != nil { msg += fmt.Sprintf("\n Error: %s", res.err) } } if e.err != nil { msg += fmt.Sprintf("\n - should return error: %s", e.err) } return msg } // WillReturnResult arranges for an expected Exec() to return a particular // result, there is sqlmock.NewResult(lastInsertID int64, affectedRows int64) method // to build a corresponding result. Or if actions needs to be tested against errors // sqlmock.NewErrorResult(err error) to return a given error. func (e *ExpectedExec) WillReturnResult(result driver.Result) *ExpectedExec { e.result = result return e } // ExpectedPrepare is used to manage *sql.DB.Prepare or *sql.Tx.Prepare expectations. // Returned by *Sqlmock.ExpectPrepare. type ExpectedPrepare struct { commonExpectation mock *sqlmock sqlRegex *regexp.Regexp statement driver.Stmt closeErr error } // WillReturnError allows to set an error for the expected *sql.DB.Prepare or *sql.Tx.Prepare action. func (e *ExpectedPrepare) WillReturnError(err error) *ExpectedPrepare { e.err = err return e } // WillReturnCloseError allows to set an error for this prapared statement Close action func (e *ExpectedPrepare) WillReturnCloseError(err error) *ExpectedPrepare { e.closeErr = err return e } // ExpectQuery allows to expect Query() or QueryRow() on this prepared statement. // this method is convenient in order to prevent duplicating sql query string matching. func (e *ExpectedPrepare) ExpectQuery() *ExpectedQuery { eq := &ExpectedQuery{} eq.sqlRegex = e.sqlRegex e.mock.expected = append(e.mock.expected, eq) return eq } // ExpectExec allows to expect Exec() on this prepared statement. // this method is convenient in order to prevent duplicating sql query string matching. func (e *ExpectedPrepare) ExpectExec() *ExpectedExec { eq := &ExpectedExec{} eq.sqlRegex = e.sqlRegex e.mock.expected = append(e.mock.expected, eq) return eq } // String returns string representation func (e *ExpectedPrepare) String() string { msg := "ExpectedPrepare => expecting Prepare statement which:" msg += "\n - matches sql: '" + e.sqlRegex.String() + "'" if e.err != nil { msg += fmt.Sprintf("\n - should return error: %s", e.err) } if e.closeErr != nil { msg += fmt.Sprintf("\n - should return error on Close: %s", e.closeErr) } return msg } // query based expectation // adds a query matching logic type queryBasedExpectation struct { commonExpectation sqlRegex *regexp.Regexp args []driver.Value } func (e *queryBasedExpectation) attemptMatch(sql string, args []driver.Value) (ret bool) { if !e.queryMatches(sql) { return } defer recover() // ignore panic since we attempt a match if e.argsMatches(args) { return true } return } func (e *queryBasedExpectation) queryMatches(sql string) bool { return e.sqlRegex.MatchString(sql) } func (e *queryBasedExpectation) argsMatches(args []driver.Value) bool { if nil == e.args { return true } if len(args) != len(e.args) { return false } for k, v := range args { matcher, ok := e.args[k].(Argument) if ok { if !matcher.Match(v) { return false } continue } vi := reflect.ValueOf(v) ai := reflect.ValueOf(e.args[k]) switch vi.Kind() { case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64: if vi.Int() != ai.Int() { return false } case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64: if vi.Float() != ai.Float() { return false } case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64: if vi.Uint() != ai.Uint() { return false } case reflect.String: if vi.String() != ai.String() { return false } case reflect.Bool: if vi.Bool() != ai.Bool() { return false } default: // compare types like time.Time based on type only if vi.Kind() != ai.Kind() { return false } } } return true }

Q: WPF MVVM How to re-center application window after view changes? I'm working on a very simple application using native WPF and MVVM. The main "shell" view uses what I believe is a common basic pattern, in which it contains a ContentControl that is databound to the active viewmodel, which injects the view through data templates. This is an abbreviated version of what it looks like: <Window.DataContext> <local:ShellViewModel/> </Window.DataContext> <Window.Resources> <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type local:DbConfigViewModel}"> <local:DbConfigView/> </DataTemplate> <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type local:AuthenticationViewModel}"> <local:AuthenticationView/> </DataTemplate> </Window.Resources> <DockPanel> <ContentControl Content="{Binding CurrentViewModel}"/> </DockPanel> This window is set to auto-size based on the view, and is set to start up centered. This works fine for the initial view. Some views are much larger though, and it becomes a UI issue when they become active. What I need to occur is have the application re-center itself whenever a view changes. What I've tried so far is to databind the Left and Top properties of the main Window, like this: <Window (....) Width="auto" Height="auto" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen" Left="{Binding WindowLeft}" Top="{Binding WindowTop}"> My navigation is tied to a method within the main Windows's viewmodel, so in that method, after the new viewmodel is set to the CurrentViewModel property, I then call this method: private void CenterWindow() { Rect workArea = System.Windows.SystemParameters.WorkArea; WindowLeft = (workArea.Width - Application.Current.MainWindow.Width) / 2 + workArea.Left; WindowTop = (workArea.Height - Application.Current.MainWindow.Height) / 2 + workArea.Top; } This seems like it should work, but what appears to be happening is that the MainWindow.Width and Height have not yet been adjusted, so it is centering based on the previous view rather than the one I just instantiated. So is there some event or other place to call this code so that it occurs after the new view is rendered? Is this even the correct approach? A: You need to subscribe to SizeChanged in your window then: private void Window_SizeChanged(object sender, SizeChangedEventArgs e) { if (e.PreviousSize == e.NewSize) return; var w = SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenWidth; var h = SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenHeight; this.Left = (w - e.NewSize.Width) / 2; this.Top = (h - e.NewSize.Height) / 2; } You can use interaction events if you want it in your viewModel

Member Pennington Co. and American Bar Assoc.; The State Bar of SD; SD Trial Lawyers Assoc.; The Assoc. of Trial Lawyers of America; Federation of Insurance and Corporate Counsel; International Assoc. of Gam-ing Attorneys. Practice Areas Real Estate Commercial Transactions Commercial Contracts Corporate Law Gaming Law Indian Gaming Law Banking International Commercial Transactions Wills Probate Rexford A. Hagg Born Sioux Falls, South Dakota, May 10, 1957. Admitted to Bar 1982, Oklahoma; South Dakota; U.S. District Court, Western District of Oklahoma; U.S. District Court, District of South Dakota. Education University of South Dakota (B.A., 1979; J.D., 1982). University of Oklahoma (J.D., 1982). Graduate of Gerry Spence Trial Lawyers College, October 2000. City Attorney, Box Elder, South Dakota, 1984–; Elected South Dakota House of Representatives, 1988-1998, Speaker of the House, 1997-1998. Member Oklahoma Bar Association; State Bar of South Dakota; South Dakota Trial Lawyers Association; The As-sociation of Trial Lawyers of America. Practice Areas Personal Injury Law Workers' Compensation Law Lobbying Wrongful Death Trials Appeals John S. Dorsey Born Redfield, South Dakota, August 26, 1961. Admitted to Bar 1986, South Dakota; 1988, U.S. District Court, District of South Dakota and US Court of Appeals, 8th Circuit; United States Supreme Court. Education University of South Dakota (B.S., with honors, 1983; J.D., 1986). Co-Author: "Rule 11 Sanctions: Some Current Observations," 33 South Dakota Law Review 207, with Hon. Richard H. Battey. Member The State Bar of South Dakota; American Bar Association; South Dakota Trial Lawyers Association; The Association of Trial Lawyers of America. Certified Civil Trial Advocate, National Board of Trial Advoca-cy.

Q: Set MAC address fails - RTNETLINK answers: Cannot assign requested address I am attempting to change the MAC address of eth0 to 3d:dd:c8:88:c2:0d on a linux mint 15 cinnamon machine. Using "ip link set dev eth0 address" fails as seen below and macchanger produces a similar error message("Cannot assign requested address"). As seen another MAC can be set, but I need this specific one. Any suggestions as to how I can make the change or just why it fails? ~ $ sudo ip link set dev eth0 down ~ $ sudo ip link set dev eth0 address 3D:DD:C8:88:C2:0D RTNETLINK answers: Cannot assign requested address ~ $ sudo ip link set dev eth0 address 00:00:00:00:00:01 ~ $ sudo ip link set dev eth0 up ~ $ ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:01 inet addr:172.26.24.158 Bcast:172.26.24.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::215:58ff:fecb:b9ba/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:885330 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:643599 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:840836259 (840.8 MB) TX bytes:429278582 (429.2 MB) Interrupt:16 Memory:ee000000-ee020000 A: MAC addresses have two special bits in the first byte: Bit 0 is the "multicast" bit, noting that the address is a multicast or broadcast address Bit 1 is the "local" bit, indicating that the MAC address was not assigned by the vendor and might not be entirely unique. You are trying to set an address that has the multicast bit set, which does not work because any reply to your host would be interpreted as a multicast packet. Also, when you change a MAC address and do not have an OUI assigned to you, please set the local assignment bit. Here's a diagram that may help give more detail:

Q: jquery file select with hyperlink In the following code I am trying to check if the file is selected or not from the hyperlink. When the file is selected for the first time the var fileName = $('#' + field_id).val(); is null but when the file is selected for the second time the file path is shown. What is wrong here? <input type="file" id="new_rule_upload" name="new_rule_upload" style="visibility: hidden; width: 1px; height: 1px" /> <a href="" onclick="document.getElementById('new_rule_upload').click(); upload_file('new_rule_upload'); return false">Upload</a> function upload_file(field_id) { var fileName = $('#' + field_id).val(); alert(fileName); if (fileName != '') { alert('selected') } else { alert('not selected'); } } A: I suggest attaching yourself to the change event of the input to you can be immediately notified. $(function() { $("#new_rule_upload").change(function (){ var fileName = $(this).val(); // Do something }); });

Frozen shoulder Adhesive capsulitis is now the term used by the medical profession to describe frozen shoulder a condition which describes pain and stiffness in the shoulder. Its cause is unknown but is more common in the middle aged population. It also more commonly occurs in the non dominant arm. It is not to be confused with shoulder tendonitis or bursitis which may also cause similar symptoms. How is it diagnosed? A chartered physiotherapist will take a full history of the problem then examine the shoulder joints range of motion and strenght. If pain levels are high the patient may need to be referred to their G.P. or an orthopaedic physician for appropriate medication and/or injection of the joint. Physiotherapy will be started immediately . Physiotherapy Treatment If pain levels are high electrotherapy such as interferential or T.E.N.S. can be used to help. Hot/cold treatment can also help. Manual joint mobilisations will be used in conjunction with loosening exercises and stretching to restore lost movement. Advise will be given on finding positions of ease and sleeping postures. An individual home exercise regime will be prescribed and a printed handout given to take home for reference.

Q: How do you submit a form, using Selenium, via javascript, from a clicked ? I have a div in an html page like the following: <div id="save_one" onclick="save_one()" >Save Contact Info</div> save_one() gets all the form data in a form below and saves using an ajax call. Clicking the div ought to save the contents, and it does using a mouse, but I've been unable to get it to work with Selenium. The page has an <img onclick='edit_table()'> that when clicked opens the table to be edited as a form. I'm able to do that with selenium. I'm also able to update the form with new data using Selenium. When attempting to submit it using the div shown above it fails unless I extract the script from the .js file and run it with Selenium using: $sel->get_eval( $js_save_one ); # $js_save_one is the js sub in a string in the perl # test file Is it the case that selenium only handles certain Javascript functionality? If that is not the case, anyone know why this would not operate as it does using the mouse? A: Using the Selenium firefox extension, it can create the code for whatever language you are using to run selenium through and it will tell you how to do this. Basically though there is a function for clicking a button/image.

Q: ActionScript 3.0 P2P Connection WITHOUT encryption? Is there any way to create a direct data connection between two flash clients without the use of Cirrus? I'm asking because I create a multiplayer iPhone game with flash which currently uses Cirrus for all online multiplayer data. now I read that, if your iPhone app uses encryption (which cirrus does) you need to go through a long encryption export approval process by the U.S government. I want to avoid this, so now i'm looking for another method to exchange data directly between clients without having to route all traffic through my server. A: With AIR you have ServerSocket here for p2p connections

64 F.3d 676 NOTICE: Federal Circuit Local Rule 47.6(b) states that opinions and orders which are designated as not citable as precedent shall not be employed or cited as precedent. This does not preclude assertion of issues of claim preclusion, issue preclusion, judicial estoppel, law of the case or the like based on a decision of the Court rendered in a nonprecedential opinion or order.Robert CONROY, Plaintiff-Appellant,v.REEBOK INTERNATIONAL, LTD., Defendant-Appellee. No. 95-1421. United States Court of Appeals, Federal Circuit. Aug. 10, 1995. 1 D.Mass., 14 F.3d 1570. 2 DISMISSED. ORDER The parties having so agreed, it is 3 ORDERED that the proceeding is DISMISSED under Fed. R. App. P. 42 (b).

This invention relates to a wire wheel and more particularly to an improved spoke pattern for such a wheel that facilitates manufacture on existing equipment and which will provide a high strength and light weight. Recently, the advantages of forming wire wheels with a plurality of single spokes that are connected at their opposite ends to the rim at circumferentially spaced locations and at an intermediate portion to the hub have shown considerable popularity. One reason for this is that there is less likelihood of the spokes becoming loosened and, if properly designed, the wheel may be more conveniently and easily manufactured. Normally, the intermediate portion is formed with an angled part that interlocks with a corresponding opening of the hub so as to secure this intermediate portion to the hub. In one type of wheel, as disclosed in my pending Japanese Patent Application Serial No. 58-165218, the intermediate portion has a crank shape in side elevation. L-shaped retaining grooves are formed in one side of the hub so as to retain the individual spokes to the hub. Although this construction has numerous advantages, the spoke pattern has a tendency to cause the individual spokes to interfere with each other unless their connections to the rim are located at a position slightly over the center line of the rim. Conventionally, wire wheels are formed so that the spokes at each side of the hub are connected to the rim either on the center line of the rim or on the same side of the center line as the cooperating hub portion. Thus, a wheel made in accordance with the construction shown in my aforenoted Japanese patent application does not lend itself to manufacture on conventional wire wheel making machines. Those machines are not designed so as to form the spoke attachment holes of the rim on the opposite side of the rim center line. Thus, considerable modification is required with existing machinery to manufacture rims for wheels of this type. Alternatively, it would be possible to avoid this problem through a reduction of the number of spokes, but this obviously will reduce the strength of the wheel. It is, therefore, a principal object of this invention to provide a wire wheel arrangement that permits a strong wheel and yet can be manufactured on conventional rim making equipment. It is another object of the invention to provide an improved wire wheel having single spokes that extend from the rim across the hub to another attachment point on the rim and which can be conveniently and inexpensively manufactured.

Q: Sorting a table that another excel sheet uses causes different VLOOKUP results I'm creating a dashboard in Excel 2010 that uses the VLOOKUP function to call another sheet's values. The equation I'm using is this: =VLOOKUP(L$1,Sheet_B!$A:$H,7,2) L$1 asks for a unique identifier on Sheet_A, and then finds that ID on Sheet_B and then finds the corresponding data and pulls it. The problem is this: If I do nothing to Sheet_B, I'll get a value - let's say 5. This value is incorrect. If I sort Sheet_B from A-Z alphabetically (which doesn't change the data) I'll get a totally different value - let's say 12 - which is the correct value. The problem is that the data that the VLOOKUP function examines hasn't changed, only how it was sorted in Sheet_B. Is there any reason why this might happen? And more importantly, how can I fix it so I don't have to keep sorting Sheet_B every time I pull this dashboard? A: If your 4th parameter equals True (2 in your case), VLOOKUP tries to find an approximate match, so you need the values in the first column of table_array to be placed in ascending order. If you change it to 0 (equivalent to False), VLOOKUP will try to find an exact match, and so will not need to be sorted. Therefore, you should change your VLOOKUP to: =VLOOKUP(L$1,Sheet_B!$A:$H,7,0) You can read more in this Microsoft Office Support article..

Sunitinib plus erlotinib versus placebo plus erlotinib in patients with previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase III trial. Sunitinib plus erlotinib may enhance antitumor activity compared with either agent alone in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), based on the importance of the signaling pathways involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This phase III trial investigated overall survival (OS) for sunitinib plus erlotinib versus placebo plus erlotinib in patients with refractory NSCLC. Patients previously treated with one to two chemotherapy regimens (including one platinum-based regimen) for recurrent NSCLC, and for whom erlotinib was indicated, were randomly assigned (1:1) to sunitinib 37.5 mg/d plus erlotinib 150 mg/d or to placebo plus erlotinib 150 mg/d, stratified by prior bevacizumab use, smoking history, and epidermal growth factor receptor expression. The primary end point was OS. Key secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. In all, 960 patients were randomly assigned, and baseline characteristics were balanced. Median OS was 9.0 months for sunitinib plus erlotinib versus 8.5 months for erlotinib alone (hazard ratio [HR], 0.922; 95% CI, 0.797 to 1.067; one-sided stratified log-rank P = .1388). Median PFS was 3.6 months versus 2.0 months (HR, 0.807; 95% CI, 0.695 to 0.937; one-sided stratified log-rank P = .0023), and ORR was 10.6% versus 6.9% (two-sided stratified log-rank P = .0471), respectively. Treatment-related toxicities of grade 3 or higher, including rash/dermatitis, diarrhea, and asthenia/fatigue were more frequent in the sunitinib plus erlotinib arm. In patients with refractory NSCLC, sunitinib plus erlotinib did not improve OS compared with erlotinib alone, but the combination was associated with a statistically significantly longer PFS and greater ORR. The incidence of grade 3 or higher toxicities was greater with combination therapy.

Residential Land In Chennai, India (ref. 19800228) Ad Title: Residential Land In Chennai, India (ref. 19800228) Date & Time Listed: 2016-10-03 09:10:47 (GMT)Type of Ad: Want to SellAd Details: Residential land for Sale at Veppampattu Perumalpattu Village Ganesh Nagar DTCP approved Plot area 2400 Sqft Sriram College Near Per Sq.ft Rate Rs.1000 The asking price is 24 lacs. This property is located at Perumalpattu Village Ganesh NagarThis property is a Building Plot for sale.Price: 2,400,000.00 INR Safety Tips: * Deal Locally with persons you can meet face to face - this is the most important tip! * Avoid Sending Funds with Western Union, Moneygram or and other similar service * Kugli.com is not an Escrow service, we are not involved in any transaction between our members.

San Catervo, Tolentino The Cathedral of San Catervo is a Roman Catholic church located in Tolentino, Province of Macerata, Region of Marche. The 13th-century Gothic style church is now generally contained by a newer Neoclassical facade. History A church or chapel dedicated to Saint Catervus existed at the site and was rebuilt in a by Benedictine monks, starting in 1256. The presbytery of the prior gothic-style church stood at the site of the modern facade. At the time, the Chapel of San Catervo, now called the Chapel of the Santissimi Trinità was erected. In 1820, a reconstruction began, initially guided by the painter Giuseppe Lucatelli and followed by an architect from Macerata, Conte Spada. The portal on the left side of the church belongs to the original church. The Chapel of San Catervo contains a delicately carved 4th-century marble Ancient Roman sarcophagus, which retains its original dedicatory inscription to Flavius Julius Catervus, a noble of senatorial rank, who had been prefect and died at the age of 56 yrs. Tradition holds that he brought Christianity to Tolentino. The 15th century frescoes in the chapel are attributed to Francesco da Tolentino; the depict the Evangelists and Sibyls, a Madonna and Child with Saints Catervus and Sebastian, an Adoration of the Magi, and a Crucifixion. References Catervo Tolentino Tolentino Category:Ancient Roman sarcophagi

A gear-turbofan engine consists of an epicyclic gear system coupling the turbine to the fan. In this manner, both the fan and the turbine can operate at each component's own optimum speed. The fan and the turbine may be coupled to one another through a gear train that is supported by a journal bearing system. During powered operation of the engine, lubricant is delivered to the journal bearings by means of one or multiple oil pumps. This lubricant develops a hydrodynamic film at the journal bearing surface between the gear bore and the journal pin shaft in order to minimize wear as these surfaces move with respect to one another. The oil pump(s) pump lubricant from an oil sump and deliver pressurized oil to the journal bearings. At the journal bearings, oil is squeezed by the rotation of the gears and generates a hydrodynamic film which is necessary to prevent undesirable metal-to-metal contact between the gear bore and the journal pin shaft. During the non-operating condition of the engine, the oil pump(s) stop running. If no lubricant is delivered to the journal bearings, the gear bore is in direct contact with the journal pin shaft under the effect of gravity. Under this circumstance, any relative motion between the gear bore inner surface and the journal pin outer surface can cause premature wear and undesirable damage to these surfaces. An auxiliary oil pump is therefore sometimes provided that is mechanically coupled to the epi-cyclic gear system so that the auxiliary oil pump will rotate with rotation of the engine. In the engine non-operating mode, rotation of the rotor, and hence the gears, can be caused by wind-milling, a phenomenon resulting from ambient wind blowing through the engine, causing the turbofan engine to rotate due to forces imparted by the wind to engine surfaces. Depending on the wind direction, either toward the fan blade through the nacelle inlet or toward the turbine blade through the exhaust duct, the rotor can rotate in either direction, clockwise or counter-clockwise with respect to the pilot view. Rotation of the rotor during the engine non-operating mode may be caused by other means, such as manual rotation to name just one non-limiting example. Any rotation of the rotor during the engine non-operating mode, no matter what is the cause of the rotation, is referred to herein for convenience as “wind-milling”. Currently, there are no known means to deliver oil effectively to the journal bearings when the wind-milling phenomenon occurs in both rotational directions. The present disclosure is related to a system and method of supplying lubricant to the journal bearings of a gear-turbofan engine operating with a gear train when the rotor is subjected to a wind-milling condition in both directions, either clockwise or counter-clockwise. The presently disclosed embodiments will also find applicability in other applications where lubrication is to be applied when a gear train is operating in either clockwise or counter-clockwise directions.

Q: Pattern for chained if statements I'm building a guitar chord finder app. I use a multi-dimensional array to represent the fretboard. Each element in the array is represented by a FretSpace struct which has a string property 'Note'. In order to initialize the note properties across the fretboard, I pass details of the guitar string to work on, along with the fretboard. This work is done in a GuitarTuner class. Here is the FretSpace class:- public struct FretSpace : IPlottable, IResourceConsumer { public string Note { get; set; } public int XPos { get; set; } public int YPos { get; set; } public string ResourceName { get; set; } public override string ToString() { return string.Format("[{0}] Note:{1} XPos:{2} YPos{3} ResourceName:{4}", GetType().Name, Note, XPos, YPos, ResourceName); } } The guitar tuner class tunes one string at a time. In this case, tuning means to initialise every FretSpace Note property with the correct musical note for that fret position. In the TuneString method, I check the string we are working on and return a list of notes to apply to the chosen string. I look at my code and it smells big time. here is the offending portion of the TuneString method:- public void TuneString(GuitarString stringToTune, FretSpace[,] fretboard) { List<string> notes = null; if (stringToTune == GuitarString.ELow) { notes = _scaleGenerator.GetScale(Scale.E).ToList(); } if (stringToTune == GuitarString.A) { notes = _scaleGenerator.GetScale(Scale.A).ToList(); } if (stringToTune == GuitarString.D) { notes = _scaleGenerator.GetScale(Scale.D).ToList(); } if (stringToTune == GuitarString.G) { notes = _scaleGenerator.GetScale(Scale.G).ToList(); } if (stringToTune == GuitarString.B) { notes = _scaleGenerator.GetScale(Scale.B).ToList(); } if (stringToTune == GuitarString.EHigh) { notes = _scaleGenerator.GetScale(Scale.E).ToList(); } //carry on and tune the string using the notes we returned I am no design pattern master but I am rapidly acquiring a keen nose for code smells. Is there a better way to do this given that the same method is being called every time but with just a different parameter. I looked at Command. Doesn't seem to apply where a value is returned but correct me if I am wrong. I also looked at factory but this seems concerned with returning a family of objects, which in this case doesn't apply. I'v searched stack overflow for the best part of an hour and can't seem to find a relevent example. Can anyone help. Thanks. A: I personally would create a Dictionary<GuitarString, Scale> and store your mappings between a string and a scale in there. Then you can simply lookup the string in there to get the scale. e.g. var stringToScaleMap = new Dictionary<GuitarString, Scale> { { GuitarString.ELow, Scale.E } , { GuitarString.A, Scale.A } // etc... } var scale = stringToScaleMap[stringToTune]; notes = _scaleGenerator.GetScale(scale).ToList(); You could store the map in configuration or simply hardcode it somewhere in your project. As the mapping is unlikely to change the latter is probably the simplest option.

Chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma associated with cavernous angioma--case report. An 80-year-old male presented with a chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma (CEIH) with surrounding edema under the right frontal lobe manifesting as slow exacerbation of disturbance of orientation and gait. He had a history of cerebral infarction with an asymptomatic cavernous angioma in the right frontal lobe. The CEIH was diagnosed as bleeding from the cavernous angioma, and surgical removal was performed. The hematoma was chronic and covered by a thick capsule. In addition, mass tissue covered with the organized hematoma was found near the capsule, which was excised and found to be a cavernous angioma. CEIH is a special type of intracerebral hemorrhage, and bleeding from a cavernous angioma is occasionally seen. CEIH should be considered in the case of a hemorrhagic intracranial lesion with a chronic, progressive course with capsule formation and edema around the lesion. The source of bleeding is unknown in about half of the reported cases, and occult vascular malformation may be involved, necessitating care in diagnosis.

‘Wind-Heat’ in Skin Disorders In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), a skin rash that is red and itchy is a manifestation of what is known as ‘wind-heat.’ The wind aspect is the itching part, and the redness and inflammation shows the heat aspect. Wind also manifests if the rash moves from place to place, or if it disappears, only to reappear later, since wind in the natural environment has a tendency to be constantly on the move. Wind-heat can also often be accompanied by dampness, which appears as weeping skin rashes or a raised rash (swelling). A person can be prone to getting a wind-heat skin rash for many reasons. One reason is too much exposure to wind and heat in the environment, such as overheating of the home in the winter, or windy and hot weather in the summer. Wind-heat skin rashes can also have internal causes, such as a person’s diet, or their inherited constitution. In most cases, it is a combination of several factors. The importance of a healthy, balanced diet cannot be overstated when it comes to having healthy skin. Drinking plenty of pure water is also important for skin health. Since the skin is the outermost aspect of the person, it can reflect problems that are occurring deep within the body. Many foods can create heat within the body – foods such as spicy food, alcohol, too much sugar, coffee, tropical fruits, and seafood. Emotions can also create heat. Have you ever seen someone with a ‘hot’ temper? Their face is usually red, and they may also have high blood pressure. There is too much heat in their system. In such cases, it is very important to decrease the heat. One way this can be accomplished is to decrease stress. We all have a certain degree of stress in our lives, and sometimes it can be overwhelming. Exercise can be a great way to decrease stress. There are many forms of exercise, so it is best to find what feels best to you, and stay with it. Some people may prefer more active forms of exercise, such as running or sports. Others may prefer exercise that is more calm in nature, such as yoga or tai chi. Either way, the act of exercising can be a sort of safety valve to release stress and tension, and therefore release any accumulated heat within the body that can contribute to a skin condition. Another great way to relieve stress is by practicing deep, calm breathing. You can do this at any time during the day, and many times each day if you wish (although probably not a good idea to do it while you are driving!). Just sit back and close your eyes for a few moments, and focus on your breath. Many thoughts will come and go, but the key is to notice when your mind wanders and bring your mind back to the breath. Really notice what the breath feels like. Where do you feel it the most? In your nose, your throat, chest, belly? Can you feel it all the way from your head down to your toes? Just the simple act of focusing on the breath can have a tremendous calming effect. Your mind will inevitably wander, sometimes a hundred times in one sitting, and that is OK. Just be gentle with yourself. Although diet and stress reduction can help tremendously to alleviate a skin rash, we often need outside help. Chinese herbal medicine can be a very powerful ally in relieving an irritating rash. Please see www.merryclinic.com for more information about Dr. Li’s herbal remedies for wind-heat skin rashes, such as eczema and dermatitis.

LeBron James had 38 points and 11 rebounds and the Miami Heat resumed their season with a 107-93 rout of the Portland Trail Blazers on Thursday night, extending their winning streak to nine games. Dwyane Wade added 33 points and 10 assists for the Heat, who at 28-7 are off to their best 35-game start in franchise history.

Malthonea cumbica Malthonea cumbica is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 1996. It is known from Venezuela. References Category:Lamiinae Category:Beetles described in 1996

using FSO.Client; using FSO.Common.Rendering.Framework; using FSO.Common.Rendering.Framework.Camera; using FSO.Content; using FSO.SimAntics; using FSO.SimAntics.Model; using FSO.Vitaboy; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace FSO.Client.UI.Model { /// <summary> /// Caches icons for objects missing them, eg. heads, some catalog objects.. /// </summary> public static class UIIconCache { //indexed as mesh:texture private static Dictionary<ulong, Texture2D> AvatarHeadCache = new Dictionary<ulong, Texture2D>(); /* public static Texture2D GetObject(VMEntity obj) { if (obj is VMAvatar) { var ava = (VMAvatar)obj; var headname = ava.HeadOutfit.Name; if (headname == "") headname = ava.BodyOutfit.OftData.TS1TextureID; var id = headname +":"+ ava.HeadOutfit.OftData.TS1TextureID; Texture2D result = null; if (!AvatarHeadCache.TryGetValue(id, out result)) { result = GenHeadTex(ava); AvatarHeadCache[id] = result; } return result; } else if (obj is VMGameObject) { if (obj.Object.OBJ.GUID == 0x000007C4) return Content.Get().CustomUI.Get("int_gohere.png").Get(GameFacade.GraphicsDevice); else return obj.GetIcon(GameFacade.GraphicsDevice, 0); } return null; }*/ public static Texture2D GetObject(VMEntity obj) { if (obj is VMAvatar) { var ava = (VMAvatar)obj; return GenHeadTex(ava.HeadOutfit?.ID ?? 0, ava.BodyOutfit.ID); } return null; } public static Texture2D GenHeadTex(ulong headOft, ulong bodyOft) { if (headOft == 0) headOft = bodyOft; Texture2D result = null; if (!AvatarHeadCache.TryGetValue(headOft, out result)) { var ofts = Content.Content.Get().AvatarOutfits; var oft = ofts.Get(headOft); if (oft == null) return null; else { result = GenHeadTex(oft, ofts.GetNameByID(headOft)); } AvatarHeadCache[headOft] = result; } return result; } public static Texture2D GenHeadTex(Outfit headOft, string name) { var skels = Content.Content.Get().AvatarSkeletons; Skeleton skel = null; bool pet = false; if (name.StartsWith("uaa")) { //pet if (name.Contains("cat")) skel = skels.Get("cat.skel"); else skel = skels.Get("dog.skel"); pet = true; } else { skel = skels.Get("adult.skel"); } var m_Head = new SimAvatar(skel); m_Head.Head = headOft; m_Head.ReloadSkeleton(); m_Head.StripAllButHead(); var HeadCamera = new BasicCamera(GameFacade.GraphicsDevice, new Vector3(0.0f, 7.0f, -17.0f), Vector3.Zero, Vector3.Up); var pos2 = m_Head.Skeleton.GetBone("HEAD").AbsolutePosition; pos2.Y += (pet)?((name.Contains("dog"))?0.16f:0.1f):0.12f; HeadCamera.Position = new Vector3(0, pos2.Y, 12.5f); HeadCamera.FOV = (float)Math.PI / 3f; HeadCamera.Target = pos2; HeadCamera.ProjectionOrigin = new Vector2(66/2, 66/2); var HeadScene = new _3DTargetScene(GameFacade.GraphicsDevice, HeadCamera, new Point(66, 66), 0);// (GlobalSettings.Default.AntiAlias) ? 8 : 0); HeadScene.ID = "UIPieMenuHead"; HeadScene.ClearColor = new Color(49, 65, 88); m_Head.Scene = HeadScene; m_Head.Scale = new Vector3(1f); HeadCamera.Zoom = 19.5f; //rotate camera, similar to pie menu double xdir = 0;//Math.Atan(0); double ydir = 0;//Math.Atan(0); Vector3 off = new Vector3(0, 0, 13.5f); Matrix mat = Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Matrix.CreateRotationY((float)xdir) * Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Matrix.CreateRotationX((float)ydir); HeadCamera.Position = new Vector3(0, pos2.Y, 0) + Vector3.Transform(off, mat); if (pet) { HeadCamera.Zoom *= 1.3f; } //end rotate camera HeadScene.Initialize(GameFacade.Scenes); HeadScene.Add(m_Head); HeadScene.Draw(GameFacade.GraphicsDevice); return Common.Utils.TextureUtils.Decimate(HeadScene.Target, GameFacade.GraphicsDevice, 2, true); } } }

Q: All possible combinations used to generate relative abundances of said combinations from dataframe I'm trying to create a loop in R which calculates all possible combinations of all 20 amino acids without repetition in strings up to 20 characters long: S <- c('G','A','L','M','F','W','K','Q','E','S','P','V','I','C','Y','H','R','N','D','T') allCombs <- function(x) c(x, lapply(seq_along(x)[-1L], function(y) combn(x, y, paste0, collapse = "")), recursive = TRUE) fu <- allCombs(S) This code does this, but I also have a dataframe/csv which contains the relative proportions of the amino acids for 1000 different species, for example: Species G A L ... Species 1 0.1 0.2 0.4 Species 2 0.1 0.02 0.2 Species 3 0.0 0.09 0.01 What I'm trying to do is calculate what the proportion of each different combination of amino acids (G,A,L etc.) over the whole, i.e 1, is as vector/list/array. The reason I'm doing this in R (rather than python) is because I want to do some interacting with other factors later on (which R is better suited to) Apologies about how unclear this, I'm finding it quite difficult to explain, please let me know if I can be clearer, thanks! A: What if you'd do something like that: require(tidyverse) Your script, creating all combinations: S <- c('G','A','L','M','F','W','K','Q','E','S','P','V','I','C','Y','H','R','N','D','T') allCombs <- function(x) c(x, lapply(seq_along(x)[-1L], function(y) combn(x, y, paste0, collapse = "")), recursive = TRUE) Scombi <- allCombs(S) Creating sample data: set.seed(123) RelativeTable <- data.frame(replicate(length(allCombs(LETTERS[1:5])), sample(0:1,4,rep=TRUE))) %>% purrr::set_names(allCombs(LETTERS[1:5])) RelativeTable A B C D E AB AC AD AE BC BD BE CD CE DE ABC ABD ABE ACD ACE ADE BCD BCE BDE CDE ABCD ABCE ABDE ACDE BCDE ABCDE 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 3 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 4 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 Choosing from the RelativeTable only the combinations that we also have in Scombi RelativeTable[, names(RelativeTable) %in% Scombi] Result: A C D E AC AD AE CD ACD 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 3 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 4 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Edit/explanation. What I do here RelativeTable[, names(RelativeTable) %in% Scombi] is basically two things. I use the %in% which tells me if values in x are in y. The function returns a logical vector of TRUE/FALSE, and we can use it to see which combinations of amino acids appears in RelativeTable are in the combination vector. In addition, The function names() gives us the names of the columns. So, names(RelativeTable) %in% Scombi (you can run just this statement), will give us a logical vector and will tell us if we have names in the relative table which are in the Scombi. We can use the logical vector as indexes. Which mean, same idea as RelativeTable[, 1] would give us the first column, and RelativeTable[, c(1,3)] would give us the 1 and 3 columns, RelativeTable[, names(RelativeTable) %in% Scombi] gives us only the "TRUE" columns - which means the columns that we want.

Platelets rich plasma for treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis is a common cause of heel pain in adults. Many treatment options exist. Platelets rich plasma (PRP) is derived from autologous blood and contains high concentration of growth factors necessary for tissue healing. The use of PRP in the treatment of plantar fasciitis is a fairly recent and evolving concept. The purpose of our work was to study the effectiveness of PRP treatment for chronic plantar fasciitis. Between February 2010 and June 2011, 25 patients with chronic plantar fasciitis with a mean age of 44 years were treated by PRP injection and included in this prospective study. All patients were assessed for the pain on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pre-injection and post-injection. Using ultrasound, the thickness of the plantar fascia was measured prior to the injection of PRP and at each visit of follow-up after injection. The mean follow-up was 10.3 months. Using a visual analog pain scale, the average pre-injection pain in patients of was 9.1 (range 8-10). Prior to injection, 72 % of patients had severe limitation of activities, and 28 % of patients had moderate limitation of activities. Average post-injection pain decreased to 1.6. Twenty-two patients (88 %) were completely satisfied, two patients (8 %) were satisfied with reservations, and one patient (4 %) was unsatisfied with using the visual analog scale. Fifteen patients (60 %) had no functional limitations post-injection and eight patients (32 %) had minimal functional limitations. Two patients (8 %) had moderate functional limitations post-injection. Twenty PRP injections. Ultrasonography, we noted significant changes not only in thickness but also in the signal intensity of the plantar fascia after PRP injection. None of our patients experienced any complications from PRP injection at the end of follow-up period. Injection of PRP is safe and doesn't affect the biomechanical function of the foot. Our successful early findings with injection of PRP indicate that this may become a very commonly used modality in treating this difficult condition.

{ "name": "kill", "displayName": "Kill", "description": "Kill an app", "examples": ["kill atom", "kill safari"], "categories": ["Utilities"], "creator_name": "Jeff Shaver", "creator_url": "https://twitter.com/jeffshaver_" }

Chapters Highlights Welcome to Southpaw Kennels - Home of show and hunting quality Brittany's and Tollers. Meet the pups from our latest litter and see the faces of future show and hunting champions. They were born on January 21st - 2 girls and 3 boys. Visit our web site for more pictures and information about our dogs at www.southpawkennels.net and for information about the availability of the pups.

Implementing Immunizing Pharmacy Technicians in a Federal Healthcare Facility. Background: Pharmacy technicians are legally allowed to administer immunizations in specific U.S. states, provided they meet certain criteria, including the completion of an accredited immunization training course. Immunizing pharmacy technicians were incorporated into an Indian Health Services federal facility, Whiteriver Service Unit (WRSU), in 2018. The objective of this research was to gather information about implementing immunizing pharmacy technicians in a federal facility serving a large rural and medically underserved population. Methods: WRSU launched a Pharmacy Technician Immunization Program in June 2018 after seven federally employed pharmacy technicians participated in the Washington State University accredited technician immunization training. The types of vaccinations administered, and the ages of patients immunized by pharmacy technicians, were tracked from July 1, 2018 to June 30, 2019. Results: Seven immunization-trained pharmacy technicians administered 4394 injections for a total of 4852 vaccinations in one year. Vaccinations were administered to patients ranging in age from 2 months old to 85 years old and included protection against diphtheria, tetanus, polio, hepatitis A and B, H. influenza, human papillomavirus, seasonal influenza, meningococcal, measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, pneumonia, and rotavirus. Conclusion: In one year, seven pharmacy technicians administered more than 4800 vaccinations to underserved patients. Pharmacy technicians trained and certified to administer immunizations increase access to vaccination care and have the potential to drastically increase the number of immunizations given and reduce the number of deaths from vaccine-preventable diseases.

Parents’/Carers’ evening tonight is rescheduled In order to allow our teachers to prepare for tomorrow’s Ofsted inspection of our school (which we were informed of this afternoon), the Parents’/Carers’ evening tonight has been rescheduled to next Monday (14th November). All previously agreed appointment times will remain the same. If you cannot attend your appointment on Monday please speak directly with your child’s class teacher to set up an alternative appointment. We apologise for the inconvenience caused. Kind regards Mr McCormack Share this: Like this: Post navigation 4 Comments Thanks and good luck tomorrow. Quick question before I speak to our two teachers re appointment times, will Taekwondo still be held on Monday or will it be cancelled because of the parents/carers evening? Regards Gail All the best with the Ofsted inspection today. The staff all work so hard so I hope it pays off and our school gets the follow up inspection for an “outstanding” opportunity. With all the current building works going on this last term in order to offer the community more education, it is obvious that everyone, parents, pupils and the HF staff have all worked even harder. Thank you! Keep smilling HF 🙂 Karen Hi This is Janice from the Governing Body for the Federation. It was great to meet a number of parents at the Parents evening on Tuesday. I received so many positive responses from parents about their children’s progress and learning and their satisfaction with the school as a whole. Apologies that Wednesday’s Parents Evening needed to be cancelled. But it is often a stressful time for a school when Ofsted come to visit. And although children, parents, teachers and governors may agree our school deserves an outstanding recognition, it is only Ofsted who can give us that status. So we want to give the staff as much time to prepare as possible. Please do complete the forms for Ofsted, again this will be used to make their judgement about Heavers Farm.

Alexandra Tolstaya Countess Alexandra (Sasha) Lvovna Tolstaya (; 18 June 1884 – 26 September 1979), often anglicized to Tolstoy, was the youngest daughter and secretary of the noted Russian novelist Leo Tolstoy. The youngest daughter of Leo Tolstoy (1828–1910) and of his wife Sophia (1844–1919), Alexandra was close to her father. In 1901, at the age of seventeen, she became his secretary. He appointed her as executor of his will, a task she had to undertake in 1910. Although Alexandra shared her father's belief in non-violence, she felt it was her duty to take part in the events of the First World War and served as a nurse on the Turkish and German fronts. This led to her being gassed and admitted to hospital herself. After the war, she worked on an edition of her father's writings. However, after allowing White Russians to meet in her Moscow home, she was arrested five times by the Bolsheviks and in 1920 was sent to prison for a year. In 1921 she became the director of the Tolstoy museum at Yasnaya Polyana. She was given permission to leave the Soviet Union in 1929, and settled in the United States, where she gave lectures and worked as a chicken farmer. Some years into this life, she was visited by Tatiana Schaufuss, an old friend who had spent several years in prison and in exile in Siberia. Together, in 1939 they founded the Tolstoy Foundation. Tolstaya became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1941, abandoning the use of the title of countess. In 1974, at the age of ninety, Tolstaya received birthday greetings from President Nixon, Alexander Solzhenitsyn, and others, and was interviewed by The New York Times. She commented: References External links Countess Alexandra Tolstoy interview at YouTube Bio at Tolstoy Foundation web site Picture of Alexandra Tolstoy in Valley Cottage The human spirit is free, Alexandra Tolstaya's appearances by Radio Svoboda's microphone. Introduction by Ivan Tolstoy, April 28, 2008. 1970 film from National Archive Saint Sergius Learning Center founded in association with Tolstoy Foundation in Valley Cottage Notes Rayfield, Donald, Stalin and His Hangmen, Random House, 2004, . Category:1884 births Category:1979 deaths Category:American anti-communists Category:Burials at Novo-Diveevo Russian Cemetery Category:Colonels (military rank) Category:Imperial Russian countesses Category:Imperial Russian emigrants to the United States Category:Leo Tolstoy Category:Russian anti-communists Category:Russian women Category:Russian women of World War I Category:Soviet emigrants to the United States Alexandra Category:Tolstoyans Category:White Russian emigrants to the United States Category:Women in the Russian and Soviet military