conversations
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[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Ted wants to know the average atomic mass of calcium. He knows that the letters Ca stand for calcium. He found the entry for calcium, Ca, in Period 4 of the periodic table. The diagram below shows this entry.Which of the following numbers should Ted identify as the average atomic mass of calcium, Ca?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "40.078"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Two samples of water can have different densities. Which of these statements would best explain this fact?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The two samples are in different states (solid, liquid, gas)."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The diagram below shows what happens during the formation of a compound. The diagram shows two substances joining together to form a third substance.Which of these substances is a compound?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "C"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Jada and Brian are organizing the information they learned about solids, liquids, and gases. They made a Venn diagram. Now they need to fill it in.What should Jada and Brian write where all of the states overlap at position 7?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Particles are constantly moving."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which particle has the least mass?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "An electron"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Four statements about the development of the atomic model are shown below \\nA: Electrons have wavelike properties\\nB: Atoms have small, negatively charged particles \\nC: The center of an atom is a small, dense nucleus \\nD: Atoms are hard, invisible spheres \\nWhich order of statements represented the historical development of the atomic model?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "D,B,C,A"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The table below gives the masses of two different subatomic particles found in an atom. \\n\\nSubatomic Particle. Mass(g)\\nX. 1.67 X 10-24\\nZ. 9.11 X 10-28 \\nWhich of the subatomic particles are each paired with their corresponding name?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "X, proton and Z, electron"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which statement describes the charge of an electron and the charge of a proton?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "An electron has a charge of -1 and a proton has a charge of +1"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the approximate mass of a proton?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1 u"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which particles have approximately the same mass?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A neutron and a proton"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the overall charge of an ion that has 12 protons, 10 electrons, and 14 neutrons"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "2+"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the number of electrons in an atom that has 3 protons and 4 neutrons"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "3"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the number of electrons in a completely filled second shell of an atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "8"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The diagram below represent the nucleus of an atom. What are the atomic number and mass of this atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The atomic number is 9 and the mass number is 20."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The stability of isotopes is related to the ratio of which particles in the atoms?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Neutrons and protons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The total number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in each of four different atoms are shown in the table below. Which 2 atoms are isotopes of the same element?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A and D"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which notations represent hydrogen isotopes?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "1/1 H and 2/1 H"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Each diagram below represents the nucleus of a different atom. Which diagram represents nuclei of the same element?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "D, E, and Q"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Some information about the two naturally occurring isotopes of gallium is given in the table below. Which numerical setup can be used to calculate the atomic mass of gallium?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "(.6011)(68.926u)+(.3989)(70.925u)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The table below shows the atomic mass and natural abundance of the two naturally occurring isotopes of lithium. Which numerical setup can be used to determine the atomic mass of naturally occurring lithium?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "(.076)(6.015u)+(.924)(7.016u)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is matter?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Anything that has mass and volume"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is mass?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The measure of a number of atoms in a particular substance"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is volume?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The amount of space a 3- dimensional object takes up"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What was Democritus theory?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "If one were to cut in half continuously, eventually one would arrive at an indivisible unit of the object"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who called the invisible units atomos (atom)?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Democritus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What was Dalton's model?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The Solid Sphere model"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who was the first one to come up with atomic theory?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Dalton"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What was JJ Thomson's Model?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Cathode ray tube"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What did JJ Thomson call the negatively charged particles?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Corpuscles"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What was JJ Thomson's atomic model also called?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Plum pudding model"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who proposed the model of a hydrogen atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Bohr"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the average atomic mass formula?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Mass isotope 1 (% isotope 1/100)+mass isotope 2 (%isotope2/100)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Dalton's atomic theory included which idea?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Atoms of different elements always combine in one to one ratios"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which discovery did JJ Thomson make that improved upon Dalton's atomic theory?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Atoms contain tiny, negatively charged electrons"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following is true about subatomic particles?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The mass of a neutron nearly equals the mass of a proton"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who conducted experiments to determine the quantity of charge carried by an electron?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Milikan"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following is correct concerning subatomic particles?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The neutron was discovered by Chadwick in 1932"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which model of the atom is thought to be true?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Electrons are distributed around the nucleus and occupy almost all the volume of the atom"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What does the number 84 in the name krypton-84 represent?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The mass number"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following is necessary to calculate the atomic mass of an element?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The masses and relative abundance of each isotope"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How are frequency and wavelength of light related?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "inversely proportional"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who predicted that all matter can behave as waves as well particles?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Broglie"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "who was the schoolmaster who studied chemistry and proposed an atomic theory?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "John Dalton"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what is NOT part of dalton's atomic theory?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the number of protons in an atom is its atomic number"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "who discovers the nucleus by bombarding gold foil with positively charged particles and noting that some particles were widely deflected?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Rutherford"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what characteristic of the nucleus is false?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "that it contains nearly all the atoms volume"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what is true about atoms?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "atoms of the same element may have different masses"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "who discovers the neutron?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Chadwick"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "how did Democritus characterize atoms?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "as indivisible, indestructible particles"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "how did Rutherford's model of the atom differ from Thomson's?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "RUTHERFORD'S model placed all of the positive charge in a dense nucleus. THOMSON'S model showed electrons were stuck in a lump of positive charge"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "what distinguishes the atoms of one element from the atoms of another?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the number of protons in the nucleus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What do the electron - dot structure of elements in the same group in periodic table have in common witth each other?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "They have the same number of valence electrons."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "To become a negative ion, does and atom lose or gain electrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "It gains electrons."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why does the flourine atom tend to gain only one electron?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "It has room for one in its outermost shell."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which elements tend to form ionic bonds?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Elements on opposite sides of the periodic chart."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What kind of force holds two atoms together within a ionic bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The electrical force of attraction between oppositly charge ions."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Do metals more readly gain or lose electrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Tend to lose electrons."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is a alloy?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "a mixture composed of two or more metalic elements."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which elements tend to form a covalent bonds?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Nonmetallic elements."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How many electrons are shared in a double covalent bond?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Two electrons are shared per covalent bond, so 4 are shared in a double covalent bond."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is a dipole?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "an uneven disatribution of electrons in a bond caused by a difference in electronegativity between two atoms."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can a molecule be nonpolar when it consists of atoms that have different electro negativities?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Dipoles are equal and opposing cancel e3ach other out."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which element in the periodic table has the greatest electronegativity?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Florine"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which element in the periodic table has the least electronegativity?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Francium"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which would you describe as \"sticker\": a polar molecule or a nonpolar one?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A polar molecule"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the primary difference between a chemical bond and an attraction between two molecules?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A chemical bond is many times strongerthan an attraction between molecules."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Are induced dipoles permanent?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "No, induced dipoles are temporary. they are induced only when they are in close proximity to a water molecule, or another dipole."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why do minerals have such a high melting point?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Minerals are ionic compounds, which consist of ions held tightly together by ionic bonds."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why are all crystals of the mineralof Halite crystal?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Halite is a naturally occuring form of sodium chloride, NaCl"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is Ionic crystal?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "is composed of a multitude of ions grouped together in a highly ordered, 3 dimenensional array."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the electric charge on the calsium ion in calcium chloride (CACL 2)?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The electronic charge on Ca is +2 in CACl 2"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "When did people first know about substances we call elements?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The Bible talked about the elements and Greeks found more of them"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why were people driven to develop a way to organize the element?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "To know which element and column goes to"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How did Lavoisier's study of combustion prove that fire was not an element?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "he used oxygen for the experiment"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Why do you think potassium has the symbol of K?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The name derives from the English \"potash\" or \"pot ashes\" because it is found in caustic potash (KOH). The symbol K derives from the Latin kalium via the Arabic qali for alkali."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What were Dobereiner's Triads?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "chlorine, bromine, and iodine"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What was the most remarkable feature of Mendeleev's periodic table?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "He arranged the elements in columns by increasing their atomic masses"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is a family or group of elements and how is it represented to the periodic table?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "A set of elements in the same column on the periodic tables. The elements have physical and chemical properties."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the period of the periodic table? What does it tell about the atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The period is the row in the periodic table. every element in the top row (the first period) has one orbital for its electrons. All of the elements in the second row (the second period) have two orbitals for their electrons."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which particles determine the atomic number of an element?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Protons only"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the correct electron arrangement for sulfur? ( Hint: think about the electron shells!)"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "2-8-6"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following is a transition metal? calcium, nickel, aluminum, tellurium"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Nickel"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which word(s) below is represented by the word \"period\" on the Periodic Table?\\n\\nGroup, Family, Energy level, valence electrons"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": ""
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "When looking at the halogens on the periodic table, how does the number of valence electrons change as the energy level is increased?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "The total number of valence electrons does not change. It remains at 7."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the correct symbol for an isotope of carbon with 6 protons and 6 neutrons?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "12C (12 is smaller and above the letter here)"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which statement about the arrangement of the periodic table is NOT true?\\n\\nNoble gases are in the Group farthest to the right.\\nMetals are found on the left side of the periodic table.\\nRare earth elements are in the first column on the left.\\nTransition metals are in the center of the periodic table."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Rare earth metals are in the first column on the left."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following elements would be the best conductor of electricity?\\n\\nIodine, silicon, silver, argon"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Silver"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following elements would be the most reactive?\\n\\nIodine, silicon, silver, argon"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Silver"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Which of the following elements would be the least reactive?\\n\\nIodine, silicon, silver, argon"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Argon"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "who was the first person to come up with the idea of the atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Democritus"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "J.J Thomson discovered which atomic particle?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "electron"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What occurred during Rutherford's experiment that led to his discovery of the nucleus?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "most of the alpha particles went through the gold foil but a few bounced off at large angles"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Who developed the \"chocolate chip cookie\" model of the atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "J.J. Thomson"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What causes fireworks?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "electrons shifting between energy levels"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Explain what might have been Thomson's thought process when he named his model of the atom the 'chocolate chip cookie'."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "He showed atoms as uniformly packed spheres of positive matter filled with negatively charged electrons."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the newest model of the atom?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "the quantum model"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How to find atomic mass"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "taking a weighted average of the isotopes of an element"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "19 stands for?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Atomic Number"
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "According to Niels Bohr, what does \"n\" stand for?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "According to Bohr, \"n\" stands for the orbit or energy level of the electron."
}
] |
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Using wavelengths emitted from a hydrogen atom, a student finds that the value of \"n\" in the Balmer Series of hydrogen is 4.5. Is this value accurate? Justify your answer."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "No, this is not accurate. \"n\" can only be whole numbers; there are no half-levels in the Bohr model of the atom"
}
] |