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an implant device for cartilage regeneration in loading - bearing regions uses the osteochondral defect model . the implant is formed of resorbable polymeric materials . the implant is designed such that load is transmitted from the articulating surface of the bone platform through the implant to the entire area of subchondral bone of the bone platform . application of load in this manner results in reduced subchondral bone resorption , leading to joint stabilization and maintenance of normal joint biomechanics . the implant allows for the incorporation therein of a resorbable scaffold or matrix material . the present implant solves the current inability to regenerate cartilage in load - bearing articulating surfaces using engineered scaffold devices .

chaotic advection causes the formation of various encapsulates in binary phase composites . such composites are successfully formed with thermoplastics that are present in desired amounts by weight or volume . with a batch type chaotic mixer , the process starts with selecting suitable polymers , mechanically mixing the raw material , heating the mixture , instilling chaotic advection by agitation for a period of time and cooling and recovering the composite . with continuous flow types of chaotic mixers , the process starts with melting the component polymers in separate extruders capable of component melt flows in predetermined proportions .

devices and methods for developing piercing instruments and studs that have bioactive polymer coating to promote healing , to minimize post - piercing infection , and to reduce inflammation are disclosed .

a thermo - reversible thermoplastic pharmaceutical composition , comprising a botulinum toxin and a biocompatible poloxamer which provides thermoreversibility to the composition and additionally stabilizes the botulinum toxin , is described . the pharmaceutical composition can be administered to a patient as a liquid , and gels after administration into a sustained release drug delivery system from which the biologically active botulinum toxin is released over a multi - day period thereby localizing the drug as a depot and controlling release to enhance the therapeutic effect per dose .

a mold holding apparatus is disclosed for securely holding plaster molds used in the production of ceramic , porcelain and plastic items permitting molds to be oriented so as to permit filling of pour holes present in molds , and to facilitate the uniform pouring off of excess slip . the apparatus includes adjustable retainers for removeable attachment of a mold to a rotatable platform , and center of mass adjustments and frictional contact surfaces for uniform rate of pouring off of excess slip .

a flexible ocular insert device adapted for the controlled sustained release of an ophthalmic drug into the eye . in one embodiment , the device includes an elongated body of a polymeric material in the form of a rod or tube containing a pharmaceutically active ingredient and with at least two anchoring protrusions extending radially outwardly from the body . the device has a length of at least 8 mm and the diameter of its body portion including the protrusions does not exceed 1 . 9 mm . the sustained release mechanism may , for example , be by diffusion or by osmosis or bioerosion . the insert device is advantageously inserted into the upper or lower fornix of the eye so as to be independent of movement of the eye by virtue of the fornix anatomy . the protrusions may be of various shapes such as , for example , ribs , screw threads , dimples or bumps , truncated cone - shaped segments or winding braid segments . in a further embodiment , the polymeric material for the body is selected as one which swells in a liquid environment . thus a device of smaller initial size may be employed . the present insert device is of a size and configuration such that , upon insertion into the upper or lower fornix , the device remains out of the field of vision so as to be well retained in place and imperceptible by a patient over a prolonged period of use . the device can be retained in the upper or lower fornix for 7 to 14 days or longer .

a method is disclosed for detecting boron labeled biopolymers , biooligomers , and other species that bind to the biopolymers , and biooligomers with specificity . the biopolymers include rna , dna and proteins . the biooligomers include rna oligomers , dna oligomers , and peptides . the biopolymers and biooligomers are labeled with a borane , or a boron - hydride moiety . the borane and boron - hydride moiety are employed to reduce a metal ion , e . g . silver , to metal or metal oxide , metal boride or other metal species , or alternatively to reduce a dye , or another organic or inorganic compound . the product of the reduction reaction can be visualized with or without signal augmentation , by one or more means , including the naked eye or a microscope , or can be detected through the use of analytical equipment that can detect conductivity , voltage , density , ultraviolet or visible light , fluorescence , luminescence , phosphorescence , paramagnetism , magnetic susceptibility , or any other detectable physical property . the invention provides methods for selectively detecting biopolymers and biooligomers that contain such a boron - label , thereby permitting their selective identification within an environment where unlabeled like and / or unlike species are present .

this invention provides a process of making a stable aqueous dispersion including concentrated , finely divided particles of a water insoluble biocide active , which comprises grinding the biocide in water in the presence of a non - ionic polymeric dispersant and optionally a co - dispersant , and compositions prepared by this process .

a method for increasing the long term storageability of a cellulosic paper or paperboard product . the method includes providing a paper or paperboard product made from cellulosic fibers having a basis weight ranging from about 80 to about 300 pounds per 3000 square feet . a holdout material is applied to at least one surface of the paper or paperboard product . the web is then coated with an ink receptive material selected from the group consisting of an aqueous acrylic polymer coating material , an aqueous biocidal agent and a combination of aqueous acrylic polymer coating material and aqueous biocidal agent and dried to provide a paper or paperboard product having enhanced long term storageability . webs made according to the invention are suitable for making file folders which exhibit improve long term storageability by resisting damage from moisture and / or biological activity .

the invention provides compounds of formula and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof , wherein ya , yb , r1 , r2 , and g are as described in the specification , as well as compositions comprising a compound of formula . the compounds are useful as inhibitors of bacterial rna polymerase and as antibacterial agents .

in accordance with the present invention , a high intensity radiopaque contrast agent is disclosed . the agent may be coated on or incorporated within bulk material which may then be subsequently utilized to fabricate a radiopaque medical device . primary effects through chemistry include higher radiopaque concentrations per unit weight of the radiopaque element or agent . secondary effects include selective placement of the radiopaque elements which may further enhance the radiopacity of the device with reduced requirements of the radiopaque agent . such a radiopaque contrast agent may be produced in various forms such as a dendrimer and / or incorporated as the end groups of polymeric chain . in addition one can incorporate biological and / or pharmaceutical agents in combination with the present invention .

a chemical composition including a fluorescent polymer and a receptor that is specific for both a target biological agent and a chemical moiety including a recognition element , a tethering element , and a property - altering element is disclosed . both the fluorescent polymer and the receptor are co - located on a support . when the chemical moiety is bound to the receptor , the property - altering element is sufficiently close to the fluorescent polymer to alter the fluorescence emitted by the polymer . when an analyte sample is introduced , the target biological agent , if present , binds to the receptor , thereby displacing the chemical moiety from the receptor , resulting in an increase of detected fluorescence . assays for detecting the presence of a target biological agent are also disclosed .

the present invention relates to a class of novel polymeric hydantoin quaternary compounds , obtained either via a reaction of a hydantoin diamine and an organic dihalide or epichlorohydrin or via a reaction of hydantoin dichloride with an organic diamine . these polymeric hydantoin quaternary compounds have unexpected properties which make them very useful as low foaming biocidal , fungicidal and algicidal agents .

this invention relates to implantable porous prostheses for use as bone or hard tissue replacements anywhere in the body . the porous implants comprise loose , individual polymeric particles of a specified size , coated with a hydrophilic material and barium sulfate particles . the prostheses are biologically compatible in the body and promote bone and tissue ingrowth and attachment . this invention also relates to a method for producing the novel prosthetic devices disclosed herein .

substituted dioxolanes are provided having the formula ## str1 ## wherein r 1 and r 2 are h or a phenyl group substituted with up to 5 substituents of lower alkyl or nitro , with the proviso that at least one of f 1 and r 2 is a phenyl group having an orthonitro substituent ; and r 3 and r 4 are each h or lower alkyl . these dioxolanes , as well as appropriate dioxanes , are used to intercalate a polyoxymethylene polymer to make such a polymer having thermally stable but photochemically sensitive and degradable random linkages ## str2 ## in the chain where n is 0 or 1 , r 3 and r 4 are h or lower alkyl and at least one of r 1 and r 2 is a phenyl group with an orthonitro substituent . by exposing a film of the polymer to light through a transparency followed by heating or a heated treatment with base , a relief image of the copy on the transparency is obtained .

a synthetic coated surface product which includes a substrate , an interface layer which is a polymeric composition that has penetrated the substrate layer to a sufficient depth to inhibit delamination , and a layer of granules mixed with a polyester resin supported on the interface layer . the surface can be left as cured and unfinished for a rough finish , subsequently sanded to provide a matte finish , or after sanding , polished for a shiny finish .

an improved material for finishing athletic court , commercial , and residential floor surfaces of wood , linoleum , terrazzo , concrete , or other smooth surface includes at least one elongated sheet having a layer of a uniform flexible film of clear plastic material of between about 1 mil and 25 mils thickness and a continuous layer of adhesive material releasably adhering the flexible film onto the floor surface . the elongated sheet is provided in a self - adhesive roll and is applied to the floor surface by unrolling the sheet from the roll , with the adhesive side down , aligning an end portion on a predetermined corresponding portion on the floor , and pressing the total length of the sheet against the floor to adhere the sheet to the floor surface . additional sheets may be unrolled successively , with a slight overlap to assure an sealed joint . if the sheets are thick enough to create a perceptible ridge , a close fitting butt joint can be created by making a thin knife cut longitudinally through the overlapped edges and stripping away the resulting two edge strips .

an apparatus and method for directing accelerated electrons to at least part of one surface of one ophthalmic mold piece prior to filling with monomer and lens polymerization . in particular it has been found that generation of the ionized oxygen by means of a corona treatment electrode sufficiently increases the adherence of the polymer to the mold piece so treated . in the preferred embodiment , the flange around the convex , male piece of the lens mold is corona treated so that when the mold pieces are separated after lens polymerization , the flashing of excess polymerized material surrounding the lens cavity adheres to that male , convex piece flange while the lens is removed with the female , concave piece .

a spray on wound dressing composition comprises an anti - microbial , film - forming compound which is an anti - bacterial organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt chemically bonded to a film - forming organic polymer , and a propellant solvent .

the incorporation of a vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate / maleic acid terpolymer in the pigment particle containing decorative layer of a floor covering improves the cohesive strength of the pigmented decorative layer and adhesion of the decorative layer to the adjacent layers . the use of this vinyl terpolymer as the binder in the printed or coated decorative layer imparts improved bond strength particularly with platey pigments like pearlescents and metallics or in highly filled decorative layers containing titanium dioxide or other pigments .

a process and product for the manufacture of a composite plastic lens wherein the plastic lens component is subjected to ultraviolet rays under conditions to eliminate substantially any unreacted double bonds therein .

a hollow container for storage and transport of fluid hydrocarbon vehicular fuels is composed of a laminated structure of polymeric resin body component and electrodeposited metal . an interior stratum of polymer chemically resistant to the fuel is joined to a stratum of electroplateable polymer disposed to the exterior of the interior stratum . the laminated polymeric structure is then electroplated to form a skin of metal encapsulating the interior polymeric strata . the tank combines the structural design flexibility of plastic with the metal barrier properties regarding evaporative emissions , permitting the use of high contents of oxygenated species in the fuel .

a machine for making plastic tubing including a plurality of separate carriages for carrying mold blocks about the continuous path . first and second wheel pairs on opposite sides of each carriage ride on first and second tracks respectively through a molding section of the path . an offset wheel is disposed between the wheels of each pair and rides on guide tracks associated with and facing oppositely to the first and second tracks respectively through the molding section .

the invention relates to a fragment of the genomic dna of strepeococcus pneumoniae , a probe capable of specifically hybridizing with the genomic dna of streptococcus pneumoniae , a specific primer for the amplification , by polymerization , of the genomic dna , a reagent and a method which are used with the probe and , optionally , the primer , for specifically detecting streptococcus pneumoniae in a biological sample . the probe of the invention is a nucleotide sequence having at least 70 % homology with at least a portion of a consensus sequence of the genomic dna of streptococcus pneumoniae , this consensus sequence being chosen from the nucleotide sequences seq id no 2 , seq id no 3 , seq id no 4 , which are identified in the description , and their respective complementary sequences .

the present invention is directed towards the synthesis of polymeric drug delivery compositions which would address some of the important and difficult to realize aspects of polymer based drug delivery systems by being , biocompatible , stable , capable of achieving desired drug loading , and safe from accidental release while being non - toxic , easy to fabricate and safe for the environment .

a sealing method and article of manufacture is disclosed wherein a heat - shrinkable sleeve having a partial transmittance to radiation is shrunk and fused to a plastic substrate by the application of radiant heat .

a method that includes : arranging plastic and further workpieces such that an abutment surface of the plastic workpiece is abutted to a first surface on the further workpiece and a projection on the plastic workpiece extends through a through hole in the further workpiece ; linearly moving a friction tool parallel to its rotational axis such that a friction surface on the tool contacts a front surface of the projection ; linearly moving the tool along the rotational axis while rotating the tool so that a pin on the tool penetrates and plasticizes the projection as well as drives a portion of the plasticized projection into an undercut formed in the hole of the further workpiece ; and retracting the tool from the projection .

the present disclosure relates to a polymer nanocomposite including a metal - carbon nanotube coated glass fiber and graphite , in which a metal - carbon nanotube coated glass fiber serving as an electromagnetic wave shielding material is hybridized with graphite having an excellent heat conductivity , thereby improving the electromagnetic wave shielding performance in a low frequency range . the polymer nancomposite according to the disclosure is broadly applicable to a variety of fields requiring electromagnetic wave shielding performance such as , for example , various electronic component housings for a vehicle , components of an electric vehicle , a mobile phone , and a display device , and a method of preparing the polymer nanocomposite .

smooth , glossy lacquered surfaces are obtained by coating an abs plastic with a lacquer based on a solvent system with a ketone such as methyl ethyl ketone and a second solvent constituent such as ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate and which has a solids content substantially of abs plastic . the lacquer is easy to spray and provides adequate hiding power . the abs specimens sprayed with the lacquer retain the impact resistant properties usually associated with this plastic . additionally , the plastic obtained by recycling these lacquer coated abs bodies retains the impact resistance of abs .

a system for treating obstructive sleep apnea includes a body implantable in a soft palate , and a fastening element at a proximal end of the body for connecting the body with a hard palate . in one embodiment , the body is curved and has a convex top surface and a concave bottom surface . the curved body is adapted to support and / or change the shape of the soft palate for minimizing the likelihood of airway obstructions during sleep . the fastening element , secureable to the hard palate , includes at least one barb adapted to engage the hard palate for anchoring the body to the hard palate . in one embodiment , the body has a surface adapted to promote tissue in - growth . the implant body may be made of materials including nitinol , stainless steel , biocompatible polymers , temperature - sensitive materials , and shape memory materials .

a method of making a multiple - layer article having a surface application material effectively bonded to an injection molded plastic member is provided along with a method for making same . at least a portion of an intermediary substratum is located inside a mold cavity during injection of a plastic injection material where the plastic injection material contacts and becomes partially absorbed into a first side of the intermediary substratum . the plastic member and the intermediary substratum are then removed from the mold cavity , and the surface application material is applied to a second side of the intermediary substratum where the surface application material becomes partially absorbed into the second side of the intermediary substratum .

potable drinking water is plagued with widespread arsenic contamination , particularly in developing communities . ferric ions were introduced to interact with arsenate based on the strong affinity of arsenate for ferric hydroxides , followed by mucilage addition . the mucilage coagulated and flocculated the ferric - arsenate complex and formed visible flocs that settled at the bottom of the tubes . the system showed 75 - 96 % arsenate removal in 1 hour , while longer retention times showed 100 % removal . the role of the mucilage was demonstrated by untreated solutions showing no concentration difference and remaining stable for more than 15 days . this mucilage - based technology has the potential to be a relatively inexpensive , environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic polymer flocculants for removing arsenic from drinking water .

a method and apparatus for addressing and driving an electrode array includes addressing one or more electrodes within the array using a plurality of row and column lines . in one aspect , a value corresponding to a voltage is stored in a local memory associated with each electrode . the addressed electrodes are then driven at the voltages corresponding to the stored values . in another aspect of the method , a driving element associated with each addressed electrode is selectively coupled with a voltage line so as to charge the electrode with the voltage on the voltage line . the device and methods may be used in the synthesis of biopolymers such as oligonucleotides and peptides .

a method of producing an injection - molded plastics article having a hollow interior , such as a pipe section comprising the steps of forming a mold cavity having outer dye parts and an inner mandrill to define an annular mold cavity . then introducing plastics material into the mold cavity and delivering a pressurized fluid to the interface between the mandrill and the inner surface of the molded article through passages in the mandrill opening to the surface thereof , and withdrawing the mandrill while maintaining the outer dye parts in a closed condition . in addition , an apparatus for producing such hollow molded article , the hollow molded article itself , and a method of lining an aged , broken or damaged pre - existing pipeline are also described .

this invention provides methods for preparing mixtures of styrene and maleic anhydride co - monomer , applying that mixture to the surface of a solid porous substance like wood , allowing the mixture to penetrate the surface zone of the material such as wood and causing it to quickly cure in the surface zone of the material . the keys are the low viscosity of the mixture that causes it to penetrate quickly and well , and its reactivity that causes it to cure before it either evaporates or becomes too dispersed within the material . the polymer reinforcement and hardening is therefore effectively restricted to the surface zone or shell . this produces a reinforced , hardened , protective shell around the porous material .

the invention relates to a method for selectively separating mixed synthetic organic materials such as filled or non - filled polymers and / or copolymers that are wastes , particularly used , for recycling in order to upgrade them . these synthetic organic materials result from the destruction by crushing of automobiles and durable consumer goods that have reached the end of their serviceable lives . said selective separation method acts by separating these materials with regard to a density threshold selected in a dense medium consisting of separating fluid liquid suspensions composed of powdery particles dispersed in an aqueous phase . these suspensions are stabilized by using a dynamic stabilizing means at a density threshold value selected for causing the selective separation of a determined fraction from the mixture of the used materials to be separated .

method and apparatus for automatically controlling the operation of a rotary extruder , including using a pressure transducer communicating with the annular space between the barrel and rotor to monitor the hydraulic pressure of the melted polymer , using a microprocessor - based controller to compare the measured pressure with a predetermined set point , and thereafter selectively controlling the speed of a feed drive motor or melt drive motor to maintain the melt pressure within a desired range while holding the extruder rotor speed constant .

a method is disclosed for controlling an injection molding machine of the type having an injection screw drivable for axial movement within an extrusion cylinder by a drive - controlled servo motor through a mechanical transmission , to provide a filling phase , a dwell phase , and a plasticization phase , the servo motor having a velocity command signal input connection , and the molding machine having sensors for screw position and injection pressure . the method includes the steps of presetting desired values for at least one of the injection pressure and the screw position ; sensing the respective one of the corresponding actual injection pressure and actual screw position ; and transmitting non - zero velocity command signals to the drive - controlled servo motor during at least the plasticization phase , and preferably also the filling and dwell phases , to move the injection screw within the cylinder . the velocity command signals are calculated as a function of a deviation of the respective one of the actual injection pressure and the actual screw position from the respective preset desired value , preferably using a linear functional relation during small deviation values , and a non - linear functional relation for large deviation values , to improve stability .

an apparatus for heat staking utilizes an infrared lamp to direct radiant energy onto a plastic part to heat and so soften it prior to the staking punch impacting the part . the apparatus comprises an energy directing means for concentrating the infrared energy onto the part , and a moveable carriage for moving the punch toward and away from the part . one embodiment of the energy concentrating means is a reflector , wherein the reflector includes a central aperture for admission of the part , and wherein the reflector comprises different curved sections for concentrating the energy over the surface of the part . in an alternate embodiment , the energy directing means comprises fiber optic cables for directing the infrared energy to the surface of the part .

decrease in sensitivity can be avoided to obtain a stable and highly sensitized photosensitive layer in a process for preparing a photopolymerizing lithographic plate including a coating step and using rubber rollers before and after the coating site . this is achieved by excluding an antioxidant and / or aging retardant from at least the surface of rubber rollers placed before and after the coating site . the photopolymerizing lithographic plate excellent in its sensitivity as compared with the conventional one can be obtained .

this invention relates to compositions and methods for cleaning , disinfection , and sterilization of hard , soft , and porous surfaces , equipment , human skin , tissues , food and vegetable surfaces , and other media which are contaminated with microorganisms such as bacteria , viruses , yeast , and molds . particularly relevant is the microbial environment whereby bacterial communities can generate three - dimensional polymicrobial extracellular polymeric substances , or eps , biofilm communities supported by an aggregation of microorganisms growing on a substrate layer , substantially degrading the antimicrobial performance of typical cleaners , disinfectants , and sterilizers . there is great need for a composition that will reliably eradicate microorganisms across a broad spectrum , particularly polymicrobial eps communities shrouded by self - generated biofilm layer . such a composition is disclosed herein . the invention discloses new compositions , and methods for formulation of compositions , of weak acids , surfactants , and glycol monoesters , which achieve a level of eradication such that when tested following application , no surviving microorganisms remain . all compositions and methods disclosed herein have the further benefit of their ingredients being classified by the us food and drug administration as gras , or generally regarded as safe for use on food and food contact surfaces ; and the embodiment of the claimed invention herein contains 95 % usda certified biobased content , and is accepted to the usda biopreferred ® program .

a post for supporting a roadway sign comprises a hollow , continuous sleeve formed of thermoplastic resin . the sleeve has an interior surface and a continuous core disposed within the sleeve and generally coextensive with the interior surface of the sleeve . the core is formed at least partially of recycled crumb rubber .

disclosed are oligonucleoside boranophosphates , or salts thereof , comprising a chain of natural or modified ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides , containing at least one boronated internucleotide phospodiester linkage of the formula : ## str1 ## w is selected from the group consisting of ═ o , ═ s , -- opr , and -- spr where pr is a base - labile protecting group . x is selected from the group consisting of -- bh 3 , -- bh 2 r 1 , -- bhr 1 r 2 and -- br 1 r 2 r 3 . r 1 is selected from the group consisting of -- r 4 , -- cooh , -- coor 4 , -- conhr 4 , -- con 2 , -- cn + r 4 z - , wherein z - is an anion , -- cn , carboxycholesteryl and carboxybenzyl , wherein r 4 is c1 to c18 alkyl . r 2 is selected from the group consisting of -- r 5 , -- cooh , -- coor 5 , -- conhr 5 , -- con 2 , -- cn + r 5 z - , wherein z - is an anion , -- cn , carboxy - cholesteryl and carboxybenzyl , wherein r 5 is c1 to c18 alkyl . r 3 is selected from the group consisting of c1 to c3 alkyl . most preferably , x is -- bh 3 and w is = 0 . compounds of formula are useful as antisense agents and probes in molecular biology , and have pharmacological activities including anti - inflammatory , antihyperlipidemic , and antineoplastic activity .

a toothpick made of biodegradable material composed of a thermoplastic , water - soluble and foodstuff - grade base material . the base material substantially consists of starch , glucose , gelatine , cellulose , collagen or their derivatives . various active substances such as fragrances , dyes or pharmaceutical compositions may be added to the base material . the active substances may however also be added to the finished product , i . e . the toothpick , by coating the toothpick therewith .

a thin , multi - layer , flexible web of self - adhering wrapping material , typically paper , foil , polymer , or metalized polymer having a first layer having indicia on an outfacing major surface , pressure - sensitive or the like adhesive disposed on an opposing major surface , and a selectively removable protective layer over the adhesive . the protective layer is formed from a plurality of individual small , spaced - apart portions that facilitate their removal . alignment indicia may be provided on the protective layer . in alternate embodiments , a chemically activatable adhesive may be used to replace a pressure sensitive adhesive . the wrapping material may be provided in sheets of different sizes or in continuous rolls .

a system and method employing at least one semiconductor device having at least one detecting region which can include , for example , a recess or opening therein , for detecting a charge representative of a component of a polymer , such as a nucleic acid strand , proximate to the detecting region , and a method for manufacturing such a semiconductor device . the system and method can thus be used for sequencing individual nucleotides or bases of ribonucleic acid or deoxyribonucleic acid . the semiconductor device includes at least two doped regions , such as two n - type regions implanted in a p - type semiconductor layer or two p - type regions implanted in an n - type semiconductor layer . the detecting region permits a current to pass between the two doped regions in response to the presence of the component of the polymer , such as a base of a dna or rna strand . the current has characteristics representative of the component of the polymer , such as characteristics representative of the detected base of the dna or rna strand .

an improved plastic container assembly is disclosed , for use such as a paint can , which comprises a bottom container portion , a ring portion which fits within the upper rim of the bottom container portion , and a lid which seals within said ring portion to close the container . the ring portion of the invention interlocks within the inner circumference of the bottom container portion to form a tight fit and a good seal to retain the contents of the container .

a method for obtaining a capacitive information disc record conductive molding composition having a desired melt viscosity wherein the conductive molding composition comprises carbon black and a plastic molding resin . the method comprises the steps of measuring the surface area of the carbon black particles ; determining the relationship of the amount by weight of carbon black and the surface area of the carbon black particles to the melt viscosity of the conductive molding composition ; and formulating the conductive molding composition by having carbon black present in an amount which is in accord with the relationship for the desired conductive molding composition melt viscosity .

a shatter -, bullet - and / or soundproof laminate is assembled of two or more parallel glass panes and one or more layers of transparent synthetic plastic material , one layer between each pair of neighboring panes . the laminate is assembled while the lowermost pane is supported from below in a horizontal or nearly horizontal plane , and the plastic material is admitted in a liquid state by way of one or more rigid or deformable tubes which extend from the outside into the spaces between neighboring panes . at the same time , one or more additional tubes establish one or more paths for expulsion of air from such spaces . the panes can be pivoted , tilted and / or turned in the course of admission of plastic material . the tubes extend through removable or permanently installed strip - or bead - shaped seals which are disposed between or surround the marginal portions of the panes and seal the spaces between the panes from the surrounding atmosphere . the plastic material can be admitted in metered quantities , especially for the production of a long series of identical laminates .

a baler for recyclable materials and any other materials . the baler includes a power unit which engages to the rear of the gatherer desk . an operator stands on the gatherer deck between the rear of the hopper , which provides for visual observation , and forward of the power unit . material is fed into the hopper . a compression chamber of bale chamber is at the forward end of the system for baling of the materials and subsequent discharge by an ejection ram for later disposition . the system provides for adjustment of the hold - down assembly for the ram and the charging box section , as well as for adjustment of the knife between the ram and the knife on the shear beam . the baler provides for adjustability for proper movement of the ram through the charging box , and for proper shearing of most materials which may be above the ram prior to entering the bale compression chamber area . the baler can bale such materials as corrugated cardboard , news print , magazines , computer paper , flattened cans , round cans , plastic bottles , scrap aluminum , scrap copper , aluminum radiators , as well as any other miscellaneous materials required for baling on a real time basis .

a 3d printer for building 3 - dimensional object using dlp technique , comprising a solidifiable material container , an irradiation component , a supporting component , a surface regulation component , and a control system . the 3d printer realizes large dimension and high speed printing by applying a flexible film over the surface of the photopolymer resin . the flexible film is separated from the solidified resin by peeling force .

a method of farming comprises collecting waste material such as manure from animal farming , or effluent from food processing plants or the like in a closed container , stirring and aerating the material within the container and adding yeast and phosphoric acid to increase aerobic bacterial activity while reducing anaerobic bacteria and rendering the material into a pumpable liquid . the collected manure is stored in a cylindrical container having a plastics liner and roof and is used as a fire suppressant material for dowsing fires in the farm buildings by providing a pump and hose on the container or hydrant located adjacent to the buildings .

novel membranes comprising various polymers containing heterocyclic nitrogen groups are described . these membranes are usefully employed in electrochemical sensors , such as amperometric biosensors . more particularly , these membranes effectively regulate a flux of analyte to a measurement electrode in an electrochemical sensor , thereby improving the functioning of the electrochemical sensor over a significant range of analyte concentrations . electrochemical sensors equipped with such membranes are also described .

there are provided amphiphilic biodegradable copolymers comprising a hydrophilic backbone with pendant aliphatic groups as the hydrophobic component . the polymers form nanoscale molecular aggregates in aqueous environments , which have hydrophobic interiors that are capable of solubilizing insoluble organic compounds and disrupting viral coat proteins . the polymers optionally feature reactive functional groups that provide attachment points for antibodies , ligands , and other targeting moieties which mediate adherence of the aggregate to a viral target .

quantitative understanding of neural and biological activity at a sub - millimeter scale requires an integrated probe platform that combines biomarker sensors together with electrical stimulus / recording sites . optically addressed biomarker sensors within such an integrated probe platform allows remote interrogation from the activity being measured . monolithic or hybrid integrated silicon probe platforms would beneficially allow for accurate control of neural prosthetics , brain machine interfaces , etc as well as helping with complex brain diseases and disorders . according to the invention a silicon probe platform is provided employing ultra - thin silicon in conjunction with optical waveguides , optoelectronic interfaces , porous filter elements , and integrated cmos circuitry . such probes allowing simultaneously analysis of both neural electrical activities along with chemical activity derived from multiple biomolecular sensors with porous membrane filters . such porous silicon and polymer filters providing biomolecular filtering and optical filtering being compatible with post - processing wafers with integrated cmos electronics .

a method for manufacturing a fuel hose which can efficiently produce heat - resistant and flexible fuel hoses . the method for manufacturing a fuel hose forms a protector layer on an outer peripheral surface of a resinous inner layer , and includes the steps of extruding an ultraviolet crosslinking composition for a protector layer that contains the following components a to d , on the outer peripheral surface of the resinous inner layer ; and subsequently , irradiating ultraviolet rays to polymerize the ultraviolet crosslinking composition , thus forming the protector layer : ethylene - propylene - diene rubber ; acrylate - based monomer ; silica ; and photopolymerization initiator .

a solid face die plate for an underwater pelletizer includes a carrier or holding plate having a circular slot for holding a hard anti - wear element of highly wear - resistant material through which the extrusion orifices open for extruding polymer . the solid face die plate eliminates the need for insulation or plugging material in the center of the die plate and , by embedding the hard anti - wear element within the carrier , protects the edges of the hard anti - wear element for longer wear life .

cell delivery matrices and methods for facilitating local delivery of adipose derived endothelial cells to a target tissue , body cavity , or joint are described . the cell delivery matrix may be a three - dimensional matrix scaffold comprising fibrin derived from the patient &# 39 ; s own body . the cell delivery matrix may be biocompatible and semi - permeable . the cell delivery matrix used in the methods of the invention may be comprised of any degradable , bioabsorbable or non - degradable , biocompatible polymer . regenerative therapies comprising implanting in the subject cell delivery matrices localizing adipose derived endothelial cells are described . the cell delivery matrices maintain the adipose derived endothelial cells at the target for a therapeutically effective amount of time . the adipose derived endothelial cells can be allogenic or syngenic to the subject . the endothelial cells may be delivered alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents .

a soil - amendment product for preparing a damaged or degraded soil ecosystem to establish a self - sustaining floral / vegetative rhizosphere contains a mixture of composted organic biomass , fiber , charcoal , and small amounts of inoculants to promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms including mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen - fixing bacteria . embodiments also contain a water - holding agent such as a starch - based polymer that is effective to prevent water from flowing downhill or seeping away from the surface . methods of application and other uses for the soil - amendment product are also described and claimed .

the present invention provides a process for fabricating a field emitter electrode , comprising the steps of : impregnating a cathode and anode in an electrolyte containing carbon nanotubes dispersed therein and applying a predetermined voltage to the cathode and anode so as to deposit carbon nanotubes on a substrate provided on the anode ; recovering the substrate and applying a conductive polymer onto the surface of the substrate having carbon nanotubes deposited thereon ; and heat treating them to cure the conductive polymer .

novel microporous , asymmetric , integral , composite piolyfluorocarbon , e . g ., polytetrafluoroethylene , membranes are disclosed . these membranes are made up of two or more sheets of microporous fluorocarbon polymer having different average pore sizes , arranged to provide an increasing gradations in average pore size from one surface of the membrane to the other , and are useful as microfilters for removing fine particle contaminants , including bacteria , from fluids such as those encountered in the electronics and pharmaceutical industries .

an integrated carton and liner assembly for consumer products comprising a paperboard tray and thermoformed plastic insert . the walls of the assembled carton are four layers thick , interleaved , and secured with snap fitments for exceptional sturdiness . the assembly is easy to assemble without adhesive , and achieves an upscale look . the thermoform liner is held securely in the carton .

a method of cleaning polymer residue from a polymer melt filter formed of a sintered powdered metal includes pyrolyzing the polymer residue - contaminated filter within a heated chamber at a temperature within the range from about 400 ° to about 600 ° c . and for a time sufficient to pyrolyze substantially all of the polymer residue . simultaneously with such treatment , the heated chamber is flushed with steam to prevent combustion of the polymer residue . the pyrolyzed filter is then treated with a solvent and back - flushed with a pressurized fluid stream by passing the fluid steam through the filter in a direction opposite to the polymer melt flow therethrough .

an oscillating sealing wire for high speed sealing of thermoplastic film . the sealing wire curved in the shape of a bow rocks back and forth across the moving surface of a thermoplastic film so the wire continuously presents a hot surface to the film . the film removes heat from the wire surface which touches the film . the oscillating wire continuously presents a new hot surface to the film to allow high speed movement of the film and still obtain a good seal .

the invention comprises a combination of biological elements that will naturally remodel in vivo based on applied mechanical forces . the final composition will possess mechanical properties similar to cartilage or a disc , and significantly less stiff than bone or implants comprised of metals or plastics . the equilibrium stress conduction will minimize unnatural forces on neighboring healthy discs .

this invention provides a method and material compositions for producing objects containing in whole , or in part , biomedical polymers , especially those having dental use . microwave sensitive material compositions are injected under pressure into a mold , the mold containing a replica of a body tissue or tissues . while hydraulic pressure is maintained on the material , a microwave source emits metered electromagnetic energy for hardening the material in the 3 - dimensionally defined space . for dental and other applications , the mold making , injection and hardening are done sequentially to rapidly produce an object which accurately fits the mold .

a stackable plastic bottle for enabling a pyramidal display of several such bottles includes a generally cylindrical main body portion whose height and diameter will vary depending on the volume to be created internally and a neck portion which has gradually tapering sides and extends upwardly from the main body portion terminating in a generally cylindrical spout and outlet opening . oppositely disposed in the neck portion is a pair of receiving recesses which are defined along their lower surface by a substantially horizontal shelf and inwardly therefrom by an upwardly extending peripheral wall . each recess is sized and arranged such that it is capable of receiving part of the main body portion of a corresponding stackable bottle such that by proper spacing of the bottles row after row , they may be arranged in a pyramidal display .

a water sensitive hot melt adhesive composition based on polyalkyleneimine copolymers for use with articles such as paper products , disposable nonwoven products , tapes , labels and packaging materials . by varying the amount of copolymer included in the composition as well as by varying the chain structure and the ratio of soluble versus insoluble repeating units in the copolymer , an adhesive may be formulated to modify the degree of solubility from 100 % to 0 % soluble in water and / or other performance characteristics . the adhesive composition includes about 10 % to about 70 %, by weight , of a polyalkyleneimine copolymer or a blend of one or more polyalkyleneimine copolymers ; about 0 % to about 70 %, by weight , of a tackifying resin ; about 10 % to about 70 %, by weight , of a compatible plasticizer ; and about 0 . 1 % to about 3 % by weight of one or more antioxidant . the adhesive maintains the article in an assembled condition by providing adequate adhesive bond strength during normal use , but dissolves in the presence of water thereby permitting the article to be recycled or otherwise disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner .

the present invention relates to the use of cellulose nanocrystals blended with a polymeric material selected from a polyvinyl alcohol ) , an ethylene acrylic acid copolymer , other carboxylated polymer latexes , or other polymer blends , and applied as a thin coating layer on plastic films for printing with digital processes such as ink jet and laser printing , as well as with more conventional printing processes such as flexography and offset lithography , to the control of ink adhesion to the plastic film , and to the reduction in the oxygen transmission rate of the plastic film .

a container cap for a pill container is disclosed wherein the cap provides protection against pill degradation through shaking as well as moisture exposure . the cap is of an integral one - piece construction . a particularly useful application is in the low cost cylindrical thermoplastic pill containers , where the aforesaid protection is necessary without multi - piece construction .

a mounting apparatus for pipes and the method which enables the reliable attachment of pipes while offering corrosion protection . the mounting apparatus includes a plurality of fused together bands having a thermoplastic coating . each band includes a plurality of adjacently disposed strings of various load - carrying filaments . the bands each have a thermoplastic coating thereby preventing corrosion where the thermoplastic surface lies against the pipe . by providing strings composed of fibers having different characteristics the bands are particularly tailored to a desired mounting application .

a biomedical sensor is disclosed that includes a conductive material for coupling to monitoring equipment , and a composite . the composite includes a polymeric material and a polar material that is substantially dispersed within the polymeric material . the composite has a first side that is coupled to the conductive material and has a second side that is positionable with respect to a subject to be monitored . the polar material exhibits molecular compatibility with the polymeric material such that the polar material neither blooms to a surface of the polymeric material nor crystallizes within the polymeric material .

an aerosol valve actuator with a top portion rotatable on a bottom portion . the entire top portion in one rotatable position is depressible vertically to actuate the valve . a click post and clicking rib provide a single click in each direction of rotation . flanges on top and bottom portions interact to stop rotation as soon as each click occurs . plastic springs interact with spring biasing members only when the top portion is in actuating position , and assure return of the actuator top portion to full upward position for rotation after actuation of even a short - stemmed valve . downwardly extending flexible connecting flanges connect the actuator top and bottom portions . the top portion has a lower periphery with a plurality of upwardly extending indentations to overlie lateral ribs in the lower portion in actuation position . the top and bottom portions have interfitting cylinders to stabilize the top portion and maintain verticality .

the presently disclosed subject matter describes a new sealing process of a specific type of photovoltaic cells named dye - sensitized solar cells . currently , the sealing of these cells is made by means of a polymer , which connects the two electrode substrates made of glass , isolating the cell &# 39 ; s inner content from the outside . the glass - based sealing method has the advantage of enhancing the cell &# 39 ; s lifetime . however , glass sealing should not lead to the heating of the whole cell , which may cause its degradation . the process here unveiled employs a string of a glass precursor , a powder or a paste , that bounds the cell &# 39 ; s entire external perimeter . the glass precursor string is then heated to its melting point with a laser beam , allowing the two substrates of the cell to stick together .

a plastic motion sickness receptacle is disclosed having a seamless perimeter defined by a tubular member folded at a first closed end , and an open end including means for closing the receptacle after use . the plastic tubular member comprises integrally formed walls that terminate in a base at said closed end with the edges of the walls cooperating to form a fluid - tight relationship . an outer surface of the receptacle includes indicia printed thereon including instructions for using the bag upon the occurrence of motion sickness .

the present invention relates generally to novel genetic sequences that encode fatty acid epoxygenase enzymes , in particular fatty acid δ12 - epoxygenase enzymes from plants that are mixed function monooxygenase enzymes . more particularly , the present invention exemplifies cdna sequences from crepis spp . and vernonia galamensis that encode fatty acid δ12 - epoxygenases . the genetic sequences of the present invention provide the means by which fatty acid metabolism may be altered or manipulated in organisms , such as , for example , yeasts , moulds , bacteria , insects , birds , mammals and plants , and more particularly in plants . the invention also extends to genetically modified oil - accumulating organisms transformed with the subject genetic sequences and to the oils derived therefrom . the oils thus produced provide the means for the cost - effective raw materials for use in the efficient production of coatings , resins , glues , plastics , surfactants and lubricants .

an apparatus and method for bonding polymeric materials is disclosed . the apparatus and method both utilize ferromagnetic materials in association with the polymeric materials to be bonded together . the polymeric materials , and the ferromagnetic material , are placed within a magnetic field , which causes hysterisis losses in the ferromagnetic field , and thus elevation in the temperature of both the ferromagnetic material and the polymeric materials to the point where the polymeric materials melt and fuse together . the ferromagnetic materials only rise in temperature to their curie temperatures , at which point the hysterisis losses cease , and the polymeric material stops being heated . removing the electromagnetic field allows for cooling and fusing .

a method for producing a plastic injection - moulded part having an insert made of a material different from the plastic material is provided , the method comprising the steps of : introducing and positioning the insert in a cavity of an injection mould ; setting the clamping force of the injection mould on a clamping mechanism to a maximum force predetermined by the material of the insert ; and seamlessly encapsulating the insert with the plastic material of the plastic injection - moulded part inside the injection mould , wherein the encapsulating is seamless or complete .

the present invention is directed to a method of manufacturing and the product therefrom for stiffening polymeric hard discs through the use of a rigid medium such as an aluminum alloy for use in computer hard drives .

the present invention relates to a biodegradable plastic made from a combination of at least one synthetic plastic polymer , at least one natural polymer and a natural polymer attacking agent and articles made therefrom . the present invention further relates to a method of eliminating hydrocarbon contaminating a region subjected to extreme temperatures by contacting the region with hydrocarbon - degrading microorganisms and adjusting the temperature of the region for optimum growth . the present invention also relates to a method of treating aspirin - treatable conditions comprising administering to a patient in need of such treatment a compound of formula i ## str1 ## in addition , the present invention relates to a method of protecting a philatelic item bearing a mark identifying an expert or owner of the item and possibly an additional distinguishable mark specific to the philatelic item from alteration .

the present invention relates to a hydrated , biocompatible tissue - augmentation compound and methodology for its implantation into mammalian tissue . the tissue - augmentation compound is comprised of : living tissue , optionally body derived fluids , and at least one nco - terminated hydrophilic urethane prepolymer derived from an organic polyisocyanate , and oxyethylene - containing diols or polyols in which essentially all of hydroxyl groups are capped with polyisocyanate .

the present invention is a finishing plate and method of fabricating a finishing plate . the finishing plate can be fabricated to various shapes , and can be used with various surfacing machines . in a preferred mode , the present invention is a disc cutting plate which can be used with a random orbital sander , and can be used to replace traditional abrasive sheets such as sandpaper . the present invention can be used in smoothing various materials including wood , painted wood , plastic , and various metals .

a plastic lid for a metal can including a liquid . the lid includes a cavity receiving a neck that can be folded down and secured to a wall section of the cavity . the free end of the folded - down neck compresses a wall of the cavity and seals the can , closing an air intake slit provided in an elastomer material .

semi - permeable membrane and membrane / support assemblies and systems for microfiltration , ultrafiltration , nanofiltration , reverse osmosis , electrodialysis , electrodeionization and piezodialysis filter systems are formed of polymer membranes , including fine particle moieties or threads of substantially water insoluble , oligodynamic bioactive dispersed material . when these membranes systems are used in aqueous liquids the dispersed material dissolves slowly and provides a continuous biostatic and / or biocidal action over a long duration to counteract membrane fouling propensities of the system environment .

the invention involves a fluid treatment device and fluid treatment method to solution or melt coat or impregnate a resin or polymer to a predetermined , metered thickness into a substrate . the invention is effective in impregnating or coating various substrates in both a continuous or batch process on one side , two sides , or in the case of a porous substrate , penetration and complete saturation is possible . the invention offers significant advantages and benefits over existing methods and equipment and allows the coating or impregnation process to be performed at lower cost and higher efficiency with increased environmental safety .

thermoplastic surface modification is achieved with photocatalysts , such as titanium dioxide , tungsten oxide and mixtures thereof . a uniform coating of a powdered photocatalyst is applied to a thermoplastic surface that is wetted with an organic solvent . the coating is in a range between approximately 1 . 5 mg / cm 2 to approximately 2 . 5 mg / cm 2 . after the uniform coating of photocatalyst is dried , the thermoplastic surface is heated to a temperature above its softening temperature , usually in a range between approximately 80 ° c . to approximately 130 ° c . ; then , a mild pressure is applied to imbed the photocatalyst into the surface of the thermoplastic sheet . the method of modification is inexpensive , long - lasting and non - detrimental to the thermoplastic surface . a surface is provided with improved aesthetic appearance , extended lifetime and sustained protection from undesirable growth of nuisance organisms , such as algae , fungus , bacteria , mold , mildew and the like .

a granulator for reducing the size of plastic particles to facilitate the removal of contaminants therefrom . the granulator includes an upper chamber and a lower chamber defined by an exit screen . the upper chamber includes a rotary shear and an air handling system for creating a pressure drop across the screen to facilitate the transit of particulate material therethrough .

glyphosate and other phosphonates including the bone resorption - inhibiting bisphosphonates are extracted from samples using immobilized forms of zinc , including zinc methacrylate polymers . the method provides a simple and sensitive method for detecting phosphonates present in aqueous samples , including wastewater and urine .

an extruder screw for use in a barrel of an extruder for forwarding thermoplastic polymer from a first end to a second end of the extruder . the extruder comprises a transition section and at least one flight extending substantially along the length of the screw . a dam is positioned at the point where the rapid melting of the solids starts to slow down and the rate of solid bed width decrease approaches zero . the dam provides the screw with a high output of extrudate and close control of the residence time of polymer particles as they are transported through the screw , resulting in an extrudate which is uniformly melted and which is substantially free of degradation products and / or entrapped air .

a method of separating a polymer from a biomass containing the polymer , includes contacting the biomass with a solvent system , the solvent system including a solvent for the polymer and a precipitant for the polymer , to provide a residual biomass and a solution that includes the polymer , the solvent for the polymer and the precipitant for the polymer ; and applying a centrifugal force to the solution and residual biomass to separate at least some of the solution from the residual biomass ; where , the polymer is a polyhydroxyalkanoate ; the precipitant comprises at least one alkane ; the solvent for the polymer is selected from the group consisting of ketones , esters and alcohols and combinations thereof ; and the biomass comprises a slurry of the biomass and water .

the use of a dry liquid concentrate mixture is disclosed comprising crumb rubber particles and tall oil , tall oil derivatives or other fatty acids , which may be enhanced by other components , such as modifiers , for use to enhance the properties of parent materials , such as thermoplastic compounding and coatings and elastomers and recycles and asphalt and epoxies and aliphatic urethane using preexisting equipment and preblending processes for the additives and modifiers .

the present invention provides an apparatus and method for performing heat - exchanging reactions on an electro wetting - based micro fluidic device . the apparatus provides one or multiple thermal contacts to an electro wetting - based device , where each thermal contact controls the part of the electro wetting - based device it communicates with to a designed temperature . the electrowetting - based device can be used to create , merge and mix liquids in the format of droplets and transport them to different temperature zones on the micro fluidic device . the apparatus and methods of the invention can be used for heat - exchanging chemical processes such as polymerase chain reaction and other dna reactions , such as ligase chain reactions , for dna amplification and synthesis , and for real - time pcr .

a tape closure which is adhesively adhered about a pour opening on the exterior surface of a can end having a protective polymeric layer over the metallic can end which is adhered to the tape adhesive with a bond greater than the bond between the layer and the supporting surface therefor affording removal of the layer upon breaking the coating and delaminating the same from the support surface upon removal of the tape .

a method of cleaning a pin head or other implements between handling a plurality of samples of nucleic acid subject to an amplification process using a biochemical amplification product . the method comprises exposing the pin head or other implement to ultraviolet and preferably also infrared illumination between handling different samples in order to suppress cross - contamination by non - specific amplification . the biochemical amplification product may be obtained from a rolling circle amplification procedure , such as that catalyzed by bacteriophage phi29 , or a polymerase chain reaction amplification product .

rod retention systems are disclosed for modular plastic conveyor belts . in one embodiment the connecting rods , which pass through interdigited link ends of successive modules , each include a circumferential groove at one location , receiving a retaining clip at a position between adjacent interdigited link ends , snapped into position in the groove . the retaining clip provides easy assembly using existing tools , and a rod can easily be removed from the belt by applying sharp force on the end of the rod . in a second embodiment a rod retention system has blocking members at both ends of each module row , forming edges of the belt . a space about two or three link ends wide extends laterally from the blocking member to the first rod - encircling link end in board of the blocking member ; within the space the module is devoid of link end structure which would confine the rod from the bottom of the belt . the rod is forced into a bending configuration for insertion and removal from the bottom of the belt , and assumes a substantially straightened , normal configuration after insertion . in another embodiment the belt has an opening at the location of the blocking structure , aligned with the series of link end openings , but the rod end is preformed in a bent configuration . in a further embodiment the rods each have heads on one end , and the heads reside inboard of the blocking structure in the assembled belt .

a built - in element for a cooling tower is made of a plastic material and is equipped with an additive with anti - bacterial activity . the additive may be embedded in the plastic material of the built - in element , or may be applied to an exterior of the element .

a parison stick is used with an injection - blow molding machine for injection - blow molding of a hollow article of plastic material from a parison of this plastic material . the stick has three axially - contiguous portions . the portion connects the parison stick to the injection - blow molding machine . the portion positions the parison stick in the wall of a mold within the machine . the portion terminates in the cavity of the mold and includes distinctly and axially - spaced first and second openings through which gas blows and inflates a parison previously injected around this portion . the openings are connected to a gas - feed chamber via at least one channel . the parison stick further includes at least one obturator connected to an actuator which is controlled by a control member of the machine .

hydrophobic cellular material is coated with a thin hydrophilic polymer skin which stretches tightly over the outer surface of the foam but which does not fill the cells of the foam , thus resulting in a polymer - coated foam structure having a smoothness which was not possible in the prior art . in particular , when the hydrophobic cellular material is a specially chosen hydrophobic polymer foam and is formed into arbitrarily chosen shapes prior to the coating with hydrophilic polymer , inertial confinement fusion targets of arbitrary shapes can be produced by subsequently coating the shapes with metal or with any other suitable material . new articles of manufacture are produced , including improved icf targets , improved integrated circuits , and improved solar reflectors and solar collectors . in the coating method , the cell size of the hydrophobic cellular material , the viscosity of the polymer solution used to coat , and the surface tensin of the polymer solution used to coat are all very important to the coating .

a shrink film having high optical clarity , good shrink properties , and good mechanical properties is obtained by stretching biaxially , without prior crosslinking , a film made of a copolymer of ethylene with at least one c 8 - c 18 α - olefin , which copolymer has two distinct crystallite melting points below 128 ° c ., the difference between these melting points being at least 10 ° c ., and stretching being carried at a temperature within the range defined by these melting points . the above copolymer may be blended with a homopolymer of an α - olefin or copolymer with another α - olefin or another ethylenically unsaturated comonomer , which may constitute up to about 95 weight % of the blend . the shrink film of this invention is particularly suitable for wrapping consumer goods which have to maintain good sales appeal .

a filter apparatus includes a endless filter belt loop disposed in an interior space within a tank which receives liquid to be filtered . the filter belt has a series of closely spaced parallel guide - flight bars attached which are successively engaged by an extendible element on a pivot plate which is periodically oscillated to under the filter belt . the bars are received in guide spaces to hold the filter belt in position over a filter support having openings allowing filtering flow thererthrough . collapsible sealed hoses partially filled with liquid are used as edge seals extending along the guide spaces over side edges of the filter belt and are expanded by engagement of an upper end of each of the hoses with a squeeze member on the pivot plate . the squeeze members are moved off the hoses when the pivot plate is oscillated to advance the filter belt during indexing to release the sealing pressure and allow filter belt indexing movement . the pivot plate oscillation also operates a beater bar to guide the belt to dislodge solids from the belt . in a vacuum version , the filter belt support is provided by molded plastic support pieces assembled over a solid curving support plate in the tank .