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abduction

inferring a conclusion about a particular from statistical generalizations

alien kidnapping

peripatetic

aristotelian

related to walking

this begs the question

this assumes what should be demonstrated

this raises the question

intuition

direct knowledge

suspicion

felicity

successful speech

happiness

substance

hypostasis

dope

canceling

no-platforming

negating

logical empiricism

logical positivism

verificationism

contingent

not necessary

dependent

episteme of foucault

paradigm

epistemology

a subdivision of knowledge that is taught and researched at the college or university level

academic discipline

a subdivision of knowledge that is taught in a high school class

realistic position

against irrealism

practical view

extension

reference

cable

consequentialism

the effects of one's actions are what matter not the intentions

deontology consequence

negative liberty

freedom from interference

freedom to have a negative attitude

omniscience

knowing everything knowable

knowing more than anyone else in the world

dionysian

the passionate dimension of art

associated with the god dionysus

counterfactual analysis of causation

lewis’s analysis of causation

analysis of causation in terms of causation as primitive

proof by contradiction

reductio ad absurdum

argument from disagreement

psychic act

mental operation

bodily action

common truth is biological truth

biological truth is driven by time

when time effect stops, then childhood dies

inference to the best explanation

abduction

explanation of inferences

primitive

fundamental kind

savage

aretaic ethics

virtue ethics

deontology

the action was freely chosen

nothing forced the actor to do it

the actor wanted to do it

non-cognitivism

expressivism

something that cannot be known be cognition

gettier cases

in epistemology, counterexamples to the justified true belief theory of knowledge

mary's room argument

for wittgenstein the only truth is common truth

for wittgenstein the only language is logos

some wittgenstein statements are out of logos

logical positivism

vienna circle

realism

theism

there is a god

autism

soundness

validity and true premises

solidity

mathematical truths are necessarily true

mathematical truths trivially supervene on everything

mathematical truths are timeless

moral worth skepticism

skepticism about praiseworthiness and blameworthiness

skepticism about the value of morality

begging the question

petitio principii

formal fallacy

prisoner's dilemma

two-players collective action problem

convict conflict

the socratic paradox

i know only that i know nothing

the socratic method

underdetermination

observations do not determine which theory is true

theories underspecify observations

to follow the principle of charity

to give the most favorable interpretation of one's opponent's views

to consistently donate money to worthy causes

material conditional

a sentence of which the main connective is “if then”

concrete conditional

biscuit conditional

a sentence of the if - then type, where the antecedent's truth value doesn't matter for the truth value is the consequence

a conditional about biscuits

guidance control

control of an action by a decision-making system

cruise control

skepticism

doubt

ignorance

categorical

universal

categorizing

ontological commitment

existential assumption

epistemological inquiry

symbolism

the use of symbols that carry particular meanings

symbology

material implication

false when the antecedent is true and the consequent is false

physical implication

perception of the operation of our own mind

introspection

neuroscience

from the perspective of formal logic, what is the distribution of the term "horse" in the sentence "a horse costs a lot to feed"

every individual horse who needs to be fed

the formal meaning of the word "horse"

cluelessness is a problem for consequentialism.

uncertainty over long-term or indirect effects is a worry for consequentialism.

not knowing what one ought do is a problem for consequentialism.

being is eternal

time is eternal

nothingness is the a priori idea of being and time works for nothingness

concrete object

an actual individual object

an object made of concrete

idealism

a position claiming that something mental (the mind, spirit, reason, will) is the ultimate foundation of all reality

reverse of pragmatism

kant's theory of skill

skill is distributed unevenly in society

only the upper class are skillful

monistic idealism

forms of idealism focused on the one, the absolute, a unifying principle

existence monism

matter

body

be important

seemings

appearances

obligations

hannah arendt's model of action

active citizenship

voting

wittgenstein's language-game analogy

languages are like games

game theory

a logician is studying an abstract axiom system

the meanings of primitive terms in that axiom system are not fixed

the meanings of primitive terms in that axiom system are fixed

intrinsic value

value for its own sake

inner value

vacuous truth

true because of a logical feature

empty vacuum bag

intension

meaning

intention

hermeneutic circle

interpretive loop

causal circle

historical materialism

marx's theory of history

materialism

the currrent demonstration of the existence of the empty set is absurd and unacceptable

another demonstration of the existence of the empty set is needed

such a correct demonstration exists and can be found in the book "phenomenology of the common truth"

the best evidence for first-order theories is the data from no report paradigms

the best evidence for first-order theories is data from the sperling experiments

the best evidence for first-order theories is data from the silent treatment

compositionality

meaning of sentence comes from the meaning of its parts

atomistic

tractatus

wittgenstein's magnum opus

transcendentalism

infinitism in epistemology

the view that the grounds of p have grounds which have grounds... and so on, in an infinite series, without restatement of any grounds.

the view that the universe in not finitely bounded, and therefore it is impossible for any epistemology to know all true propositions p.

the second formulation of the categorical imperative

the humanity formulation

the kingdom of ends formulation of the categorical imperative

the event in badiou

radical break in the continuity of being

badiou's empirical basis

gunk

a collection of subatomic particles that do not make up an object

a collection of dried, gross particulate matter that collects in all sorts of places

end in moral philosphy

goal

death

compresence

co-instantiation

when many things are present in the same space.

the argument is sound

the argument is valid and has true premises

the argument is conveyed via sonic waves

proposition

the meaning of a sentence

an offer or suggestion

thick and thin

action-guiding and world-guided

ways to describe someone's physical appearance

evidential uniqueness

epistemic impermissivism

very unique evidence

context-sensitivity

a property that a linguistic expression has if its semantic value on an occasion of utterance depends on the context of utterance

the view that historical events must be viewed in terms of their context

metaphilosophy

philosophy of philosophy

philosophy of metaphysics

contingent truth

possible but not necessary truth

actual but not necessary truth

there are no disjunctive facts

a or b is not a fact

a implies b is not a fact

dasein

self

biological human being

ethics

morality

psychology

self governance

autonomy

taking over the government oneself

contingent

not necessary

possible

extended mind

functions of the mind partially supervene on the environment

content externalism

platonic

affirming the independent existence of an abstract entity

purely non-romantic

compositional nihilism

mereological nihilism

tonal nihilism

doxastic partiality

believing against the evidence in matters regarding your friend

peano arithmetic

theory of intentionality

theory of content

theory of intentions

principle of explosion

from falsehood anything follows

the principle that if there is bomb in a scene, it will explode

phenomenal world

the world as it appears to be

extraordinary aspects of the universe

functional role

causal role

theoretical role

eternal return

the prospect of having to live one's life over and over again, including all its miseries and sufferings.

eternalism

prudential

concerning self-interest

wise

being is impossible

being is

current truth does not see being

hedged assertion

a statement of the form "p, i believe", where you don't fully commit to p

an assertion about hedging

the basic argument against ultimate moral responsibility

you cannot make yourself the way you are.

everything that happens is fixed by everything that happened before plus laws of nature.

declarative sentence

sentence making a statement

utterance