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growth is a plant's aristotelian end. | the plant naturally tends to grow. | the plant grew too much and died. | 6,342 |
a philosophical movement which promotes the interchange of ideas between the thought of thomas aquinas and modern analytic philosophy. | analytical thomism | a philosophical movement which promotes the interchange of ideas between the thought of plato and modern analytic philosophy. | 9,995 |
being has an idea | being is the contradiction of its idea | the idea is false but create physis | 12,294 |
plurality | multiplicity | abundance | 4,472 |
separation of powers | division of executive and legislative powers | separationism | 11,066 |
type b materialism | there is an epistemic gap, but no ontological gap, between phenomenal facts and physical facts | physicalists should have type b personalities | 2,116 |
well-defined collection of elements | mathematical set | the periodic table | 11,029 |
horseshoe | material conditional | horse | 5,598 |
representationalism | theory that posits that mental states, particularly perceptual experiences, involve internal representations | idealism | 4,985 |
phenomenalism | the view that things only exist as perceptual phenomena | idealism | 4,744 |
a proposition | something that can be an intentional object | a suggestion | 7,565 |
gavagai | rabbit | temporal slice of rabbit | 10,727 |
negation | logical complement | implication | 4,393 |
integral | area under a curve | position | 4,010 |
utilitarian | consequentialist | frugal | 1,508 |
contextualism | context-sensitive epistemology | absolutism | 7,946 |
hume's impressions | original experiences | thoughts | 7,912 |
wrote "conjectures and refutations" | popper | a: lakatos | 3,258 |
friendship of virtue | character-based friendship | friendship of nobility | 11,212 |
epistemic consequentialism | the view that one ought to believe what is conducive to epistemic value | the epistemology of consequentialist ethics | 5,766 |
justified true belief | a belief that satisfies conditions for knowledge according to the justified true belief theory | epistemic justification | 8,514 |
capacity | competence | capability | 8,356 |
hume's causation | c precedes e | c has a direct causal link to e | 2,799 |
hinge certainties | accepted propositions that are not subject to rational evaluation | established facts about door hinges | 1,112 |
freedom | liberty | equality | 7,321 |
ataraxia | peace of mind | eudaimonia | 2,356 |
morality | ethics | bioethics | 10,514 |
effective field theory | type of theory that describes physical phenomena at a certain scale, ignoring details at smaller scales, useful in particle physics | field theory | 9,649 |
emotion | feeling | sense | 8,215 |
categorical imperative | universalizability principle | hypothetical imperative | 216 |
the fundamental principle of science is: time is never wrong | scientifical truth is the truth delivered to us by time | human beings have the capability to escape time and so to access another truth than scientifical truth | 12,662 |
anthropocentrism | human environmental egoism | androcentric | 4,645 |
cultural relativism | understanding cultures based on their own values and beliefs | ethnocentrism | 4,853 |
grounding explanation | metaphysical explanation | symbol grounding problem | 4,611 |
deontological | rule-based | ontological | 235 |
brain in a vat | simulation of reality | stem cell | 2,938 |
secondary quality sensations tell us nothing about the essence of secondary qualities | the connection between properties and our experiences of them is arbitrary | the essence of secondary qualities is to be perceived | 11,996 |
morality | ethics | morale | 5,455 |
grim reaper paradox | benardete paradox | greek mythology | 12,306 |
monetarism | school of economic thought | central banking policy | 2,571 |
scientology | religion founded by l. ron hubbard | science study | 12,368 |
political legitimacy | the right to rule | support for government | 5,629 |
the world goes to nothingness | the world will never reach nothingness | the reason fore this impossibility is: there is | 12,812 |
hobbes’s theory of abstract objects | nominalism | authoritarianism | 3,248 |
utilitarianism | consequentialism | pragmatism | 42 |
the later wittgenstein | wittgenstein of the investigations | paul wittgenstein | 11,445 |
a is metaphysically grounded in b | a metaphysically depends on b | a is physically caused by b | 1,260 |
motivating reasons | explanations | emotion bias | 7,088 |
parsimony | the principle emphasising theoretical simplicity | antinomy | 8,565 |
talking donkey | prominent example of a thing that does not exist | character from "shrek" | 11,730 |
conditional elimination | modus ponens | conditional removal | 5,231 |
forward-looking punishment | punishment justified by the consequences thereof | punishment of someone for looking forward | 1,898 |
critical theory | an approach in humanities and social sciences that analyses and challenges power structures | constructivist theory | 8,644 |
externalism | reliabilism | outside | 5,001 |
feminist philosophy | a lens adopted that takes systems of power (particularly gender) into account | believing that women are better than men is feminist | 3,919 |
metaphysics of chemistry | ontology of chemistry | chemistry | 6,602 |
universal | property | studio | 5,158 |
problem of evil | problem of suffering | problem of evil governments | 534 |
applied ethics | a branch of ethics concerned with specific, practical and applied problems | normative ethics | 8,562 |
instrumental rationality | rationality concerned with selecting the best means to achieve one's ends | instrumental reasoning | 3,704 |
moral error | a mistaken moral belief | moral error theory | 12,457 |
critical theory | critique and transformation of society by integrating normative perspectives with empirically informed analysis of conflicts and contradictions | critical thinking | 9,199 |
testimonial warrant | testimonial justification | witness warrant | 7,934 |
weakness of will | failing to do what one believes one ought to do | failing to will what one believes one ought to will | 3,809 |
strong emergence | the notion of a radical emergence of a new phenomena from a previous state of affairs that didn't instantiate it in the first place | supervenience | 8,438 |
supposition | treating something as true in a context | imagination | 5,054 |
algorithmic fairness | algorithms that do not do harm and are just | algorithms that play fair | 2,262 |
existence monism | the view that only one object exists, the cosmos | existentialism | 8,505 |
logical truth | tautology | reasonable honesty | 1,151 |
a school of hellenistic philosophy that flourished in ancient greece and ancient rome they believed the practice of virtue is enough to get eudaimonia | stoicism | a school of modern philosophy that flourished in greece and rome they believe that the practice of elaborate dance is enough to get published | 3,956 |
interrogative | question | inquisitive | 11,408 |
mereological nihilism | no composite objects | existential nihilism | 6,457 |
being-for-itself | consciousness | brain | 8,343 |
immanuel kant | kant | aristotle | 4,264 |
mereological universalism | unrestricted composition | material plenitude | 2,102 |
no-self view | the buddhist view that there is no permanent, unchanging self that can survive after death | bundle theory of the self | 8,742 |
explicate | illuminate | reduce | 86 |
electromagnetic wave | wave of electric and magnetic fields | sound wave | 9,491 |
epistemic uniqueness | the opposite of doxastic permissiveness | the view that all individual entities are unique | 588 |
indeterminacy of translation | there are multiple possible meanings that are empirically equivalent but mutually contradictory or incompatible | when it's not clear what the translation should be | 1,665 |
mereology | part-whole relations | particulars | 2,010 |
philosophy understood by anybody is not philosophy | philosophy cannot be understood by all of us as science is | what make the difference between science and philosophy is the truth of being | 12,258 |
pseudoscience | a term for ideas presented as science, but lacking backing, evidence, and not respecting the scientific method | scientific method | 9,106 |
phenomenal experience | qualia | exceptionally impressive experience | 12,493 |
sentiment | emotion | pity | 4,146 |
philosophical zombies | non-conscious functional duplicates | metaphysical vampires | 7,830 |
probabilism, principle of indifference, principal principle | rules for assigning credences | rules that are constitutive of an ethics of reciprocity | 558 |
ontology | the study of what exists | the study of cancer | 2,574 |
if it’s knowable then it’s known | knowability paradox | known unknowns | 156 |
concrete | physical | something well-defined | 12,719 |
noumenon | thing in it self | phenomenon | 12,393 |
objectivism about x | theory that statements about x express mind-independent facts about the world | theory that x is a desirable objective | 10,583 |
metaphysical modality | the modal scope that is restricted by the laws of metaphysics | the view that metaphysics is modal in nature | 4,908 |
norm | rule | standard | 3,904 |
pain | the one thing of intrinsic negative value for utilitarians | pleasure | 10,331 |
consciousness | what it's like | intelligence | 564 |
bayesian network | directed acyclic graph with a probability distribution for each node which obeys the markov condition | bayesian probability | 5,374 |
turing test | imitation game | colossus computer | 11,503 |
care ethics | theory centering around the virtue of benevolence and interpersonal connections | ethics of caring for others | 6,597 |
a school of thought, originally of marxist humanism, but later of post-marxism and dissident liberalism that emerged in hungary in the early 1960s | budapest school | hungary in the early 1960s | 10,007 |