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Ollie Robinson

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Domestic career

Domestic career --------------- Robinson began his career playing for Margate Cricket Club [Kent](/wiki/Kent_County_Cricket_Club "Kent County Cricket Club") Second XI. After one match of the [2013 season](/wiki/2013_English_cricket_season "2013 English cricket season"), he left Kent for [Leicestershire](/wiki/Leicestershire_County_Cricket_Club "Leicestershire County Cricket Club") before playing for [Yorkshire](/wiki/Yorkshire_County_Cricket_Club "Yorkshire County Cricket Club") Second XI. He finished the 2013 season with 59 wickets and 1,282 runs in Second XI cricket, and made his first\-team [List A](/wiki/List_A "List A") debut for Yorkshire in July 2013 against Leicestershire. In October 2013, Robinson signed a professional contract with Yorkshire. After making seven [T20 Blast](/wiki/T20_Blast "T20 Blast") appearances for Yorkshire during the 2014 season Robinson was sacked by Yorkshire in July for unprofessional actions, mostly related to poor timekeeping. Later in the 2014 season Robinson made one List A appearance for [Hampshire](/wiki/Hampshire_County_Cricket_Club "Hampshire County Cricket Club"). In April 2015, [Sussex](/wiki/Sussex_County_Cricket_Club "Sussex County Cricket Club") signed Robinson on a short\-term deal, after an injury crisis with bowlers [Tymal Mills](/wiki/Tymal_Mills "Tymal Mills"), [James Anyon](/wiki/James_Anyon "James Anyon") and [Lewis Hatchett](/wiki/Lewis_Hatchett "Lewis Hatchett") all unavailable. Robinson had played a Second XI match for Sussex and was named in the squad for a [County Championship](/wiki/County_Championship "County Championship") match the next day against [Durham](/wiki/Durham_County_Cricket_Club "Durham County Cricket Club") where he made his first\-class debut. In the match Robinson, batting at number nine, scored a century in a Sussex record\-breaking tenth\-wicket partnership with [Matt Hobden](/wiki/Matt_Hobden "Matt Hobden") of 164\. In doing so, he became the first Sussex player in 95 years to score a century on their County Championship debut. Robinson took his first [five\-wicket haul](/wiki/Five-wicket_haul "Five-wicket haul") in May 2015 against [Warwickshire](/wiki/Warwickshire_County_Cricket_Club "Warwickshire County Cricket Club"). In the [2015 season](/wiki/2015_English_cricket_season "2015 English cricket season"), Robinson took 46 Championship wickets at an average of 24\.71, and was nominated for the LV\= Breakthrough Player Award and won the Sussex Young Player of the Year award. In October 2015, Robinson signed a new three\-year contract with Sussex. In April 2021, Robinson was named Sussex vice\-captain in [County Championship](/wiki/County_Championship "County Championship") matches. That month, he took 9 wickets for 78 runs in a County Championship match against [Glamorgan](/wiki/Glamorgan_County_Cricket_Club "Glamorgan County Cricket Club"); it was the best bowling figures by an Englishman since 2016\. On 10 June 2021, Robinson announced that he was taking a "short break from the game", with Sussex saying that he would be unavailable for their first two games of the [2021 t20 Blast](/wiki/2021_t20_Blast "2021 t20 Blast"). In July 2021, Robinson was signed by the [Manchester Originals](/wiki/Manchester_Originals "Manchester Originals") for the [2021 season of The Hundred](/wiki/2021_season_of_The_Hundred "2021 season of The Hundred"), as a replacement for [Harry Gurney](/wiki/Harry_Gurney "Harry Gurney"). In April 2022, he was bought by the [Manchester Originals](/wiki/Manchester_Originals "Manchester Originals") for the [2022 season](/wiki/2022_season_of_The_Hundred "2022 season of The Hundred") of [The Hundred](/wiki/The_Hundred_%28cricket%29 "The Hundred (cricket)"). Playing for Sussex against Leicestershire on 26 June 2024, Robinson conceded 43 runs off one over in what was the most expensive over in the history of the County Championship.

Where did Robinson start his cricketing career?

Brazil at the Pan American Games

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Pan American Games

Pan American Games ------------------ ### Medals by games *To sort the tables by host city, total medal count, or any other column, click on the [link\=\|alt\=](/wiki/File:Sort_both.gif "Sort both.gif") icon next to the column title.* |  Year   Ref.  Edition Host city  Rank  Gold Silver Bronze Total | | | [1951](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1951_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1951 Pan American Games") | | [I](/wiki/1951_Pan_American_Games "1951 Pan American Games") | [Buenos Aires](/wiki/Buenos_Aires "Buenos Aires") 5th | 5 | 15 | 12 | 32 | | [1955](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1955_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1955 Pan American Games") | | [II](/wiki/1955_Pan_American_Games "1955 Pan American Games") | [Mexico City](/wiki/Mexico_City "Mexico City") 7th | 2 | 3 | 13 | 18 | | [1959](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1959_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1959 Pan American Games") | | [III](/wiki/1959_Pan_American_Games "1959 Pan American Games") | [Chicago](/wiki/Chicago "Chicago") 3rd | 8 | 8 | 6 | 22 | | [1963](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1963_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1963 Pan American Games") | | [IV](/wiki/1963_Pan_American_Games "1963 Pan American Games") | [São Paulo](/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo "São Paulo") 2nd | 14 | 21 | 18 | 53 | | [1967](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1967_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1967 Pan American Games") | | [V](/wiki/1967_Pan_American_Games "1967 Pan American Games") | [Winnipeg](/wiki/Winnipeg "Winnipeg") 3rd | 11 | 10 | 5 | 26 | | [1971](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1971_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1971 Pan American Games") | | [VI](/wiki/1971_Pan_American_Games "1971 Pan American Games") | [Cali](/wiki/Cali "Cali") 4th | 9 | 7 | 14 | 30 | | [1975](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1975_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1975 Pan American Games") | | [VII](/wiki/1975_Pan_American_Games "1975 Pan American Games") | [Mexico City](/wiki/Mexico_City "Mexico City") 5th | 8 | 13 | 23 | 44 | | [1979](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1979_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1979 Pan American Games") | | [VIII](/wiki/1979_Pan_American_Games "1979 Pan American Games") | [San Juan](/wiki/San_Juan%2C_Puerto_Rico "San Juan, Puerto Rico") 5th | 9 | 13 | 17 | 39 | | [1983](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1983_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1983 Pan American Games") | | [IX](/wiki/1983_Pan_American_Games "1983 Pan American Games") | [Caracas](/wiki/Caracas "Caracas") 4th | 14 | 20 | 23 | 57 | | [1987](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1987_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1987 Pan American Games") | | [X](/wiki/1987_Pan_American_Games "1987 Pan American Games") | [Indianapolis](/wiki/Indianapolis "Indianapolis") 4th | 14 | 14 | 33 | 61 | | [1991](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1991_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1991 Pan American Games") | | [XI](/wiki/1991_Pan_American_Games "1991 Pan American Games") | [Havana](/wiki/Havana "Havana") 4th | 21 | 21 | 37 | 79 | | [1995](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1995_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1995 Pan American Games") | | [XII](/wiki/1995_Pan_American_Games "1995 Pan American Games") | [Mar del Plata](/wiki/Mar_del_Plata "Mar del Plata") 6th | 18 | 27 | 38 | 83 | | [1999](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_1999_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 1999 Pan American Games") | | [XIII](/wiki/1999_Pan_American_Games "1999 Pan American Games") | [Winnipeg](/wiki/Winnipeg "Winnipeg") 4th | 25 | 32 | 44 | 101 | | [2003](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_2003_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 2003 Pan American Games") | | [XIV](/wiki/2003_Pan_American_Games "2003 Pan American Games") | [Santo Domingo](/wiki/Santo_Domingo "Santo Domingo") 4th | 29 | 40 | 54 | 123 | | [2007](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_2007_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 2007 Pan American Games") | | [XV](/wiki/2007_Pan_American_Games "2007 Pan American Games") | [Rio de Janeiro](/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro "Rio de Janeiro") 3rd | 52 | 40 | 65 | 157 | | [2011](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_2011_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 2011 Pan American Games") | | [XVI](/wiki/2011_Pan_American_Games "2011 Pan American Games") | [Guadalajara](/wiki/Guadalajara "Guadalajara") 3rd | 48 | 35 | 58 | 141 | | [2015](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_2015_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 2015 Pan American Games") | | [XVII](/wiki/2015_Pan_American_Games "2015 Pan American Games") | [Toronto](/wiki/Toronto "Toronto") 3rd | 42 | 39 | 60 | 141 | | [2019](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_2019_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 2019 Pan American Games") | | [XVIII](/wiki/2019_Pan_American_Games "2019 Pan American Games") | [Lima](/wiki/Lima "Lima") 2nd | 54 | 45 | **70** | 169 | | [2023](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_2023_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 2023 Pan American Games") | | [XIX](/wiki/2023_Pan_American_Games "2023 Pan American Games") | [Santiago](/wiki/Santiago "Santiago") 2nd | **66** | **73** | 66 | **205** | | [2027](/wiki/Brazil_at_the_2027_Pan_American_Games "Brazil at the 2027 Pan American Games") | | [XX](/wiki/2027_Pan_American_Games "2027 Pan American Games") | [Lima](/wiki/Lima "Lima") | | | | | | Total | | | | 4th | 449 | 476 | 656 | 1,581 | ### Medals by sport Brazilians have won medals in most of the current [Pan American Games sports programs](/wiki/Pan_American_Games_sports "Pan American Games sports"). The exceptions are , [breaking](/wiki/Breaking_at_the_Pan_American_Games "Breaking at the Pan American Games"), , [golf](/wiki/Golf_at_the_Pan_American_Games "Golf at the Pan American Games"), [racquetball](/wiki/Racquetball_at_the_Pan_American_Games "Racquetball at the Pan American Games") (the country never participated on this sport), [roller speed skating](/wiki/Roller_sports_at_the_Pan_American_Games "Roller sports at the Pan American Games"), [softball](/wiki/Softball_at_the_Pan_American_Games "Softball at the Pan American Games") and [sport climbing](/wiki/Sport_climbing_at_the_Pan_American_Games "Sport climbing at the Pan American Games"). *Updated after the [2023 Pan American Games](/wiki/2023_Pan_American_Games "2023 Pan American Games")* Best results in non\-medaling sports: | Summer | | | | | Sport | Rank | Athlete | Event \& Year | | | 4th | [Brazil men's team](/wiki/Brazil_men%27s_national_3x3_team "Brazil men's national 3x3 team") | [Men's tournament in 2019](/wiki/Basketball_at_the_2019_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_3x3_tournament "Basketball at the 2019 Pan American Games – Men's 3x3 tournament") | | [Brazil women's team](/wiki/Brazil_women%27s_national_3x3_team "Brazil women's national 3x3 team") | [Women's tournament in 2019](/wiki/Basketball_at_the_2019_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_3x3_tournament "Basketball at the 2019 Pan American Games – Women's 3x3 tournament") | | | 6th | [Gilberto Araújo](/wiki/Gilberto_Ara%C3%BAjo "Gilberto Araújo") | [B\-Boys in 2023](/wiki/Breaking_at_the_2023_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_B-Boys "Breaking at the 2023 Pan American Games – B-Boys") | | [Mayara Collins](/wiki/Mayara_Collins "Mayara Collins") | [B\-Girls in 2023](/wiki/Breaking_at_the_2023_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_B-Girls "Breaking at the 2023 Pan American Games – B-Girls") | | | 4th | [Brazil men's team](/wiki/Brazil_men%27s_national_field_hockey_team "Brazil men's national field hockey team") | [Men's tournament in 2015](/wiki/Field_hockey_at_the_2015_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_tournament "Field hockey at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's tournament") | | | 7th | [Rodrigo Lee](/wiki/Rodrigo_Lee "Rodrigo Lee") | [Men's individual in 2023](/wiki/Golf_at_the_2023_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_individual "Golf at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's individual") | | | Never participated | | | | 4th | [Guilherme Abel Rocha](/wiki/Guilherme_Abel_Rocha "Guilherme Abel Rocha") | [Men's 200 metres time\-trial in 2023](/wiki/Roller_sports_at_the_2023_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_200_metres_time-trial "Roller sports at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's 200 metres time-trial") | | [Men's 500 metres \+ distance in 2023](/wiki/Roller_sports_at_the_2023_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_500_metres_%2B_distance "Roller sports at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's 500 metres + distance") | | | 4th | [Brazil women's team](/wiki/Brazil_women%27s_national_softball_team "Brazil women's national softball team") | [Women's tournament in 2015](/wiki/Softball_at_the_2015_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_tournament "Softball at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's tournament") | | | 8th | [Pedro Egg](/wiki/Pedro_Egg "Pedro Egg") | [Men's speed in 2023](/wiki/Sport_climbing_at_the_2023_Pan_American_Games_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_speed "Sport climbing at the 2023 Pan American Games – Men's speed") | ### Medalists

What was the result for Brazil's women's softball team at the 2015 Pan American Games?

Rafael Nadal career statistics

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ATP world No. 1 ranking

### ATP world No. 1 ranking #### No. 1 stats |Category Weeks/ Times (years) | | |Overall Weeks at No. 1 209 | |Consecutive Weeks at No. 1 highest streak 56 |Year\-end No. 1 5 ([2008](/wiki/2008_ATP_Tour "2008 ATP Tour"), [2010](/wiki/2010_ATP_World_Tour "2010 ATP World Tour"), [2013](/wiki/2013_ATP_World_Tour "2013 ATP World Tour"), [2017](/wiki/2017_ATP_World_Tour "2017 ATP World Tour"), [2019](/wiki/2019_ATP_Tour "2019 ATP Tour")) |Year\-end No. 1 consecutive streak 1 (2008, 2010, 2013, 2017, 2019\) #### Weeks at No. 1 by decade ##### 2000s | 46 | | --- | ##### 2010s | 159 | | --- | ##### 2020s | 4 | | --- | Nadal is the only male player in history to rank world No. 1 in three decades.

What decade had the most weeks at No. 1 for Nadal?

Probably Love

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Introduction

* + ***Probably Love*** () is a 2001 Italian [drama film](/wiki/Drama_film "Drama film") directed by [Giuseppe Bertolucci](/wiki/Giuseppe_Bertolucci "Giuseppe Bertolucci"). It entered the "Cinema of the Present" section at the [58th Venice International Film Festival](/wiki/58th_Venice_International_Film_Festival "58th Venice International Film Festival"). *[Variety](/wiki/Variety_%28magazine%29 "Variety (magazine)")'*s film critic Deborah Young referred to it as "one of the most experimental fictional films to come out of Italy in many a moon". For his performance in this film [Fabrizio Gifuni](/wiki/Fabrizio_Gifuni "Fabrizio Gifuni") was appointed [EFP Shooting Star](/wiki/Shooting_Stars_Award "Shooting Stars Award") at the [52nd Berlin International Film Festival](/wiki/52nd_Berlin_International_Film_Festival "52nd Berlin International Film Festival").

Who referred to the film as 'one of the most experimental fictional films'?

Ollie Robinson

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International career

International career -------------------- On 29 May 2020, Robinson was named in a 55\-man group of players to begin training ahead of international fixtures starting in England following the [COVID\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic "COVID-19 pandemic"). On 17 June 2020, he was included in England's 30\-man squad to start training [behind closed doors](/wiki/Behind_closed_doors_%28sport%29 "Behind closed doors (sport)") for the [Test](/wiki/Test_cricket "Test cricket") series [against the West Indies](/wiki/West_Indian_cricket_team_in_England_in_2020 "West Indian cricket team in England in 2020"). On 4 July 2020, Robinson was named as one of the nine reserve players for the first Test match of the series. He was then named in England's squad for the second Test match of the series, his maiden call\-up to the senior team. On 12 August 2020, he was also named in England's squad for the second Test [against Pakistan](/wiki/Pakistani_cricket_team_in_England_in_2020 "Pakistani cricket team in England in 2020"). In December 2020, Robinson was named as one of seven reserve players in England's Test squad for their series [against Sri Lanka](/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_Sri_Lanka_in_2020%E2%80%9321 "English cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2020–21"). In January 2021, he was also named as a reserve player in England's Test squad for their series [against India](/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_India_in_2020%E2%80%9321 "English cricket team in India in 2020–21"). In May 2021, Robinson was included in England's Test squad for their series [against New Zealand](/wiki/New_Zealand_cricket_team_in_England_in_2021 "New Zealand cricket team in England in 2021"). He made his Test debut on 2 June 2021, for England against [New Zealand](/wiki/New_Zealand_national_cricket_team "New Zealand national cricket team"). His first Test international wicket was [Tom Latham](/wiki/Tom_Latham_%28cricketer%29 "Tom Latham (cricketer)"). On the day of his international Test debut, Robinson apologised for making racist and sexist [tweets](/wiki/Twitter%23Tweets "Twitter#Tweets") in 2012 and 2013\. The [England and Wales Cricket Board](/wiki/England_and_Wales_Cricket_Board "England and Wales Cricket Board") (ECB) launched an investigation, on 3 June 2021, to consider whether Robinson should be sanctioned for the tweets. On 6 June 2021, Robinson was removed from the England squad for the second Test match of the series, and suspended from all formats of international cricket by the ECB. [Oliver Dowden](/wiki/Oliver_Dowden "Oliver Dowden"), the [Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport](/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Digital%2C_Culture%2C_Media_and_Sport "Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport"), described the ECB sanctions as "over the top". He asked the ECB to reconsider the suspension, saying: "They are also a decade old and written by a teenager". Later, British Prime Minister [Boris Johnson](/wiki/Boris_Johnson "Boris Johnson") stated that he agreed with Dowden. On 3 July 2021, Robinson was cleared to return to cricket, following a hearing by the Cricket Discipline Commission. Later the same month, Robinson was named in England's Test squad for their series [against India](/wiki/Indian_cricket_team_in_England_in_2021 "Indian cricket team in England in 2021"). In the first match, Robinson took his first [five\-wicket haul](/wiki/Five-wicket_haul "Five-wicket haul") in Test cricket, with 5/85\. Robinson was England's leading wicket taker in the summer (28 wickets with an average of 19\.60\); he was named as one of [Wisden](/wiki/Wisden "Wisden")'s [five cricketers of the year](/wiki/Wisden_Cricketers_of_the_Year "Wisden Cricketers of the Year") in April 2022\.

What is the International career section about?

2022–23 New York Knicks season

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Player statistics

Player statistics ----------------- ### Regular season statistics As of April 9, 2023 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 11 \|\| 0 \|\| 2\.4 \|\| .200 \|\| .333 \|\| \|\| .4 \|\| .2 \|\| .2 \|\| .0 \|\| .3 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 73 \|\| 73 \|\| 33\.9 \|\| .434 \|\| .310 \|\| .740 \|\| 5\.0 \|\| 2\.8 \|\| .4 \|\| .2 \|\| 19\.6 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 68 \|\| 68 \|\| 35\.0 \|\| .491 \|\| .416 \|\| .829 \|\| 3\.5 \|\| 6\.2 \|\| .9 \|\| .2 \|\| 24\.0 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 27 \|\| 7 \|\| 17\.0 \|\| .337 \|\| .307 \|\| .857 \|\| 1\.8 \|\| 1\.3 \|\| .6 \|\| .1 \|\| 6\.1 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 71 \|\| 66 \|\| 29\.9 \|\| .468 \|\| .386 \|\| .796 \|\| 3\.2 \|\| 2\.1 \|\| .7 \|\| .4 \|\| 11\.3 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 25 \|\| 1 \|\| 30\.0 \|\| .586 \|\| .519 \|\| .789 \|\| 7\.0 \|\| 3\.6 \|\| 1\.4 \|\| .5 \|\| 10\.2 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 82 \|\| 8 \|\| 19\.8 \|\| .535 \|\| .216 \|\| .676 \|\| 6\.5 \|\| 1\.2 \|\| .6 \|\| .8 \|\| 5\.0 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 3 \|\| 0 \|\| 2\.7 \|\| .250 \|\| .250 \|\| \|\| .7 \|\| .0 \|\| .0 \|\| .0 \|\| 1\.0 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 64 \|\| 2 \|\| 11\.9 \|\| .358 \|\| .299 \|\| .667 \|\| .8 \|\| 1\.1 \|\| .6 \|\| .1 \|\| 3\.5 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 13 \|\| 0 \|\| 3\.1 \|\| .500 \|\| .600 \|\| .600 \|\| .5 \|\| .1 \|\| .1 \|\| .0 \|\| 1\.6 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 81 \|\| 21 \|\| 28\.9 \|\| .448 \|\| .370 \|\| .819 \|\| 4\.2 \|\| 3\.4 \|\| 1\.0 \|\| .2 \|\| 14\.9 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 77 \|\| 77 \|\| 35\.5 \|\| .459 \|\| .343 \|\| .757 \|\| 10\.0 \|\| 4\.1 \|\| .6 \|\| .3 \|\| 25\.1 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 20 \|\| 8 \|\| 21\.9 \|\| .449 \|\| .304 \|\| .879 \|\| 1\.6 \|\| 1\.0 \|\| .8 \|\| .4 \|\| 8\.4 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 59 \|\| 58 \|\| 27\.0 \|\| .671 \|\| \|\| .484 \|\| 9\.4 \|\| .9 \|\| .9 \|\| 1\.8 \|\| 7\.4 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 27 \|\| 0 \|\| 12\.5 \|\| .384 \|\| .302 \|\| .917 \|\| 1\.5 \|\| 1\.7 \|\| .3 \|\| .2 \|\| 5\.6 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 52 \|\| 16 \|\| 15\.6 \|\| .776 \|\| .000 \|\| .750 \|\| 4\.7 \|\| .5 \|\| .3 \|\| .5 \|\| 3\.4 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 67 \|\| 5 \|\| 15\.7 \|\| .446 \|\| .344 \|\| .809 \|\| 2\.8 \|\| 1\.0 \|\| .3 \|\| .2 \|\| 7\.4 ### Playoff statistics As of May 12, 2023 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 11 \|\| 11 \|\| 34\.3 \|\| .433 \|\| .328 \|\| .769 \|\| 4\.5 \|\| 2\.8 \|\| .8 \|\| .2 \|\| 19\.3 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 11 \|\| 11 \|\| 40\.3 \|\| .474 \|\| .325 \|\| .912 \|\| 4\.9 \|\| 5\.6 \|\| 1\.5 \|\| .1 \|\| 27\.8 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 9 \|\| 6 \|\| 26\.9 \|\| .304 \|\| .243 \|\| .818 \|\| 2\.8 \|\| 1\.4 \|\| 1\.0 \|\| .6 \|\| 5\.1 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 11 \|\| 5 \|\| 32\.1 \|\| .479 \|\| .313 \|\| .636 \|\| 7\.4 \|\| 2\.2 \|\| .8 \|\| .3 \|\| 10\.4 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 11 \|\| 0 \|\| 20\.0 \|\| .478 \|\| \|\| .750 \|\| 4\.6 \|\| 1\.3 \|\| .8 \|\| 1\.4 \|\| 3\.1 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 2 \|\| 0 \|\| 2\.5 \|\| \|\| \|\| \|\| .0 \|\| .0 \|\| .0 \|\| .0 \|\| .0 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 8 \|\| 0 \|\| 2\.5 \|\| .250 \|\| .333 \|\| \|\| .3 \|\| .1 \|\| .0 \|\| .1 \|\| .4 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 8 \|\| 0 \|\| 21\.9 \|\| .348 \|\| .243 \|\| .850 \|\| 1\.6 \|\| 1\.0 \|\| .5 \|\| .0 \|\| 9\.0 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 10 \|\| 10 \|\| 33\.0 \|\| .374 \|\| .258 \|\| .709 \|\| 8\.3 \|\| 3\.6 \|\| .5 \|\| .3 \|\| 16\.6 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 11 \|\| 11 \|\| 27\.1 \|\| .604 \|\| \|\| .394 \|\| 9\.3 \|\| .8 \|\| .6 \|\| 1\.5 \|\| 6\.5 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 1 \|\| 0 \|\| 3\.0 \|\| .000 \|\| .000 \|\| \|\| .0 \|\| 1\.0 \|\| .0 \|\| .0 \|\| .0 \|\- \| style\="text\-align:left;"\| \|\| 11 \|\| 1 \|\| 15\.9 \|\| .429 \|\| .302 \|\| .800 \|\| 3\.5 \|\| .6 \|\| .7 \|\| .3 \|\| 7\.0

What percentage of the values in the third column of the first table are greater than 1?

List of members of the European Parliament for Hungary, 2019–2024

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Elected MEPs

Elected MEPs ------------ * [Andrea Bocskor](/wiki/Andrea_Bocskor "Andrea Bocskor") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [Andor Deli](/wiki/Andor_Deli "Andor Deli") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [Attila Ara\-Kovács](/wiki/Attila_Ara-Kov%C3%A1cs "Attila Ara-Kovács") – [Democratic Coalition](/wiki/Democratic_Coalition_%28Hungary%29 "Democratic Coalition (Hungary)") (DK) * [Katalin Cseh](/wiki/Katalin_Cseh "Katalin Cseh") – [Momentum Movement](/wiki/Momentum_Movement "Momentum Movement") * [Anna Júlia Donáth](/wiki/Anna_J%C3%BAlia_Don%C3%A1th "Anna Júlia Donáth") – [Momentum Movement](/wiki/Momentum_Movement "Momentum Movement") * [Klára Dobrev](/wiki/Kl%C3%A1ra_Dobrev "Klára Dobrev") – [Democratic Coalition](/wiki/Democratic_Coalition_%28Hungary%29 "Democratic Coalition (Hungary)") (DK) * [Tamás Deutsch](/wiki/Tam%C3%A1s_Deutsch_%28politician%29 "Tamás Deutsch (politician)") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [Csaba Molnár](/wiki/Csaba_Moln%C3%A1r "Csaba Molnár") – [Democratic Coalition](/wiki/Democratic_Coalition_%28Hungary%29 "Democratic Coalition (Hungary)") (DK) * [Ádám Kósa](/wiki/%C3%81d%C3%A1m_K%C3%B3sa "Ádám Kósa") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [András Gyürk](/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_Gy%C3%BCrk "András Gyürk") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [Márton Gyöngyösi](/wiki/M%C3%A1rton_Gy%C3%B6ngy%C3%B6si "Márton Gyöngyösi") – [Jobbik](/wiki/Jobbik "Jobbik") * [Enikő Győri](/wiki/Enik%C5%91_Gy%C5%91ri "Enikő Győri") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [Kinga Gál](/wiki/Kinga_G%C3%A1l "Kinga Gál") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [Lívia Járóka](/wiki/L%C3%ADvia_J%C3%A1r%C3%B3ka "Lívia Járóka") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [Edina Tóth](/wiki/Edina_T%C3%B3th "Edina Tóth") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [László Trócsányi](/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Tr%C3%B3cs%C3%A1nyi "László Trócsányi") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [Balázs Hidvéghi](/wiki/Bal%C3%A1zs_Hidv%C3%A9ghi "Balázs Hidvéghi") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") * [József Szájer](/wiki/J%C3%B3zsef_Sz%C3%A1jer "József Szájer") – [Fidesz](/wiki/Fidesz "Fidesz") (retired effective 31 December 2020\) * [István Ujhelyi](/wiki/Istv%C3%A1n_Ujhelyi "István Ujhelyi") – [Hungarian Socialist Party](/wiki/Hungarian_Socialist_Party "Hungarian Socialist Party") (MSZP) * [Sándor Rónai](/wiki/S%C3%A1ndor_R%C3%B3nai_%28politician%2C_born_1988%29 "Sándor Rónai (politician, born 1988)") – [Democratic Coalition](/wiki/Democratic_Coalition_%28Hungary%29 "Democratic Coalition (Hungary)") (DK) * [György Hölvényi](/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_H%C3%B6lv%C3%A9nyi "György Hölvényi") – [Christian Democratic People's Party](/wiki/Christian_Democratic_People%27s_Party_%28Hungary%29 "Christian Democratic People's Party (Hungary)") (KDNP)

Who represents the Hungarian Socialist Party among the elected MEPs?

Challenge coin

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Challenging

Challenging ----------- The tradition of a challenge is the most common way to ensure that members are carrying their unit's coin. The rules of a challenge are not always formalized for a unit, and may vary between organizations. The challenge only applies to those members that have been given a coin formally by their unit. This may lead to some controversy when challenges are initiated between members of different organizations and is not recommended. The tradition of the coin challenge is meant to be a source of morale in a unit, and forcing the challenge can cause a reverse effect. The act of challenging is called a "coin check" and is usually loudly announced. The challenge, which can be made at any time, begins with the challenger drawing his/her coin, and slapping or placing the coin on the table or bar. In noisy environments, continuously rapping the challenge coin on a surface may initiate the challenge. (Accidentally dropping a challenge coin is considered to be a deliberate challenge to all present.) Everyone being challenged must immediately produce the coin for their organization and anyone failing to do so must buy a [round of drinks](/wiki/Round_of_drinks "Round of drinks") for the challenger and everyone else who has their challenge coin. However, should everyone challenged be able to produce their coin, the challenger must buy a round of drinks for the group. While most holders of challenge coins usually carry them in their pockets or in some other readily accessible place on their persons, most versions of the rules permit a challenged person "a step and a reach" or if an individual has an extra coin to pass it off to the person closest to them. Coins on belt buckles or key chains are not acceptable for meeting a challenge. However, a coin worn in a pouch around the neck is acceptable for meeting a coin challenge. Variants of the rules include, but are not limited to, the following: If someone is able to steal a challenge coin, everyone in the group must buy a drink for that person. During a challenge, everyone in the group must buy a drink for the holder of the highest\-ranking coin. A coin's rank is determined by the rank of the giver of the challenge coin. For example, a coin presented by an [Admiral](/wiki/Admiral "Admiral") would outrank a coin presented by a [Vice Admiral](/wiki/Vice_Admiral "Vice Admiral"), while both would outrank a coin presented by a [Captain](/wiki/Captain_%28naval%29 "Captain (naval)"). Traditionally, the presentation of a coin is passed during a handshake. Some units provide strict time limits to respond to a challenge. Also, coins are ranked in level of difficulty in attaining them. An Infantryman coin would outrank a logistical coin. A Ranger coin would outrank an Infantryman coin. Traditionally, rules of a challenge include a prohibition against defacing the coin, especially if it makes it easier to carry at all times. If the challenge coin is attached to a belt buckle or key ring or has had a hole drilled in it to attach to a lanyard, it no longer qualifies as a challenge coin.

What are some variants of the rules for a challenge?

M-Labs

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Introduction

**M\-Labs** (formerly known as the **Milkymist Project**) is a company which develops, manufactures and sells [open hardware](/wiki/Open_hardware "Open hardware") devices and software. It is known for the Milkymist [System\-On\-Chip](/wiki/System-on-chip "System-on-chip") (SoC) which is a commercialized system\-on\-chip with [free](/wiki/Free_software "Free software") [HDL](/wiki/Hardware_description_language "Hardware description language") source code. M\-Labs Technologies have been used in different programs. For example, [NASA](/wiki/NASA "NASA") developed the Communication Navigation and Networking Reconfigurable Testbed (Connect) experiment which uses the [Memory Controller](/wiki/Memory_controller "Memory controller") that was originally developed for the Milkymist One and published under the terms of the [GNU General Public License](/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License "GNU General Public License") (GPL). The project was presented at several open source and [hacking](/wiki/Hacker_%28computer_security%29 "Hacker (computer security)") conferences, such as the [Chaos Communication Congress](/wiki/Chaos_Communication_Congress "Chaos Communication Congress"), [FOSDEM](/wiki/FOSDEM "FOSDEM"), [Libre Software Meeting](/wiki/Libre_Software_Meeting "Libre Software Meeting"), and [Libre Graphics Meeting 2011](/wiki/Libre_Graphics_Meeting "Libre Graphics Meeting"). It was also featured on the *[Make](/wiki/Make_%28magazine%29 "Make (magazine)")* magazine blog The Milkymist One board was included in their "Ultimate open source hardware gift guide 2010".

What kind of devices and software does M-Labs develop and sell?

Keats Island (Newfoundland and Labrador)

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Introduction

[thumb\|right\|View of Keats Island looking SW towards Newman Sound, July, 2007](/wiki/Image:Keats_Island_2007.JPG "Keats Island 2007.JPG") **Keats Island** is a small island with a permanent population of around 50\. The island is located on the [Eastport Peninsula](/wiki/Eastport_Peninsula "Eastport Peninsula") of [Bonavista Bay](/wiki/Bonavista_Bay "Bonavista Bay") near the community of [Salvage](/wiki/Salvage%2C_Newfoundland_and_Labrador "Salvage, Newfoundland and Labrador"), [Newfoundland and Labrador](/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador "Newfoundland and Labrador"), [Canada](/wiki/Canada "Canada"). The Island is a popular [kayaking](/wiki/Kayaking "Kayaking") area due to the abundance of [sea stacks](/wiki/Stack_%28geology%29 "Stack (geology)") and [sea arches](/wiki/Natural_arch "Natural arch") that can be found around the island. The island takes its name from the family name of [Keats](/wiki/Keats_%28surname%29 "Keats (surname)") who live in the Bonavista Bay areas.

What is special about the area around Keats Island for kayaking?

Hamid Arabnia

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Introduction

**Hamid Reza Arabnia** is a professor of [computer science](/wiki/Computer_science "Computer science") at the [University of Georgia](/wiki/University_of_Georgia "University of Georgia").[Hamid R. Arabnia home page](http://www.cs.uga.edu/~hra/), [University of Georgia](/wiki/University_of_Georgia "University of Georgia"), United States. He has been the editor\-in\-chief of *[The Journal of Supercomputing](/wiki/The_Journal_of_Supercomputing "The Journal of Supercomputing")* since 1997\.[Journal of Supercomputing](https://www.springer.com/computer/swe/journal/11227), [Springer Science\+Business Media](/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media "Springer Science+Business Media")

What journal has Hamid R. Arabnia edited since 1997?

High-speed rail

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Network

Network ------- ### Maps ### Technologies [thumb\|High\-speed line on a viaduct to avoid ramp and road\-crossing, with a [British Rail Class 373](/wiki/British_Rail_Class_373 "British Rail Class 373") from [Eurostar](/wiki/Eurostar "Eurostar") in old livery crossing it.](/wiki/File:Viaduc_de_la_Haute-Colme_01_09.jpg "Viaduc de la Haute-Colme 01 09.jpg") [thumb\|A German high\-speed line, with [ballastless track](/wiki/Ballastless_track "Ballastless track")](/wiki/File:Steigung_NIM.jpg "Steigung NIM.jpg") [Continuous welded rail](/wiki/Continuous_welded_rail "Continuous welded rail") is generally used to reduce track vibrations and misalignment. Almost all high\-speed lines are electrically driven via [overhead lines](/wiki/Overhead_line "Overhead line"), have [in\-cab signalling](/wiki/In-cab_signalling "In-cab signalling"), and use advanced switches using very low entry and [frog](/wiki/Switch_frog "Switch frog") angles. HSR tracks may also be designed to reduce vibrations originating from high speed rail use. #### Road\-rail parallel layout [thumb\|A German high\-speed line being built along a highway](/wiki/File:NIM_Baustelle2001_Leidorf_Koeschinger_Forst.jpg "NIM Baustelle2001 Leidorf Koeschinger Forst.jpg") The road\-rail parallel layout uses land beside highways for railway lines. Examples include Paris/Lyon and [Köln–Frankfurt](/wiki/K%C3%B6ln%E2%80%93Frankfurt_high-speed_rail_line "Köln–Frankfurt high-speed rail line") in which 15% and 70% of the track runs beside highways, respectively. There are [synergies](/wiki/Synergies "Synergies") to be achieved from such a setup as noise mitigation measures for the road benefit the railway and vice versa and furthermore less land must be taken through [expropriation](/wiki/Expropriation "Expropriation") as land may have already been acquired for the construction of the other infrastructure. In addition to that, habitats of local wildlife are disrupted only once (by the combined rail/road right of way) instead of at multiple points. However, downsides include the fact that roads usually allow steeper grades and sharper turns than high\-speed rail lines and thus co\-locating them may not always be suitable. Moreover, both roads and railways often make use of narrow river valleys or mountain passes which do not allow a lot of infrastructure to be sited next to each other. #### Track sharing In China, high\-speed lines at speeds between may carry freight or passengers, while lines operating at speeds over are used only by passenger CRH/CR trains. In the United Kingdom, [HS1](/wiki/High_Speed_1 "High Speed 1") is also used by regional trains run by [Southeastern](/wiki/Southeastern_%28train_operating_company%29 "Southeastern (train operating company)") at speeds of up to , and occasionally freight trains that run to central Europe. In Germany, some lines are shared with Inter\-City and regional trains at day and freight trains at night. In France, some lines are shared with regional trains that travel at , for example [TER Nantes\-Laval](/wiki/TER_Pays_de_la_Loire "TER Pays de la Loire"). Mixing trains of vastly different speeds and/or stopping patterns on the same tracks drastically reduces capacity, so usually a temporal separation (e.g. freight trains use the high\-speed line only at night when no or only a few passenger trains operate) is employed or the slower train has to wait at a station or [passing siding](/wiki/Passing_siding "Passing siding") for the faster train to overtake \- even if the faster train is delayed, thus delaying the slower train, too. ### Cost The cost per kilometre in Spain was estimated at between €9 million (Madrid–Andalucía) and €22 million (Madrid–Valladolid). In Italy, the cost was between €24 million (Roma–Napoli) and €68 million (Bologna–Firenze). In the 2010s, costs per kilometre in France ranged from €18 million (BLP Brittany) to €26 million (Sud Europe Atlantique). The World Bank estimated in 2019 that the Chinese HSR network was built at an average cost of $17–21 million per km.

What technologies are used in high-speed rail lines?

Confederate monuments and memorials

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Inhabited places

### Inhabited places #### Counties * [Brewster County](/wiki/Brewster_County%2C_Texas "Brewster County, Texas") (1887\) named for [Henry Percy Brewster](/wiki/Henry_Percy_Brewster "Henry Percy Brewster") * [Culberson County](/wiki/Culberson_County%2C_Texas "Culberson County, Texas") (1911\) named for CSA Lieutenant Colonel [David B. Culberson](/wiki/David_B._Culberson "David B. Culberson") * [Donley County](/wiki/Donley_County%2C_Texas "Donley County, Texas") (1882\) named for [Stockton P. Donley](/wiki/Stockton_P._Donley "Stockton P. Donley"), a lawyer who enlisted in the Confederate Army. Just after the war in 1866, he was elected to the Supreme Court of Texas, but was removed by the Reconstruction military government. * [Ector County](/wiki/Ector_County%2C_Texas "Ector County, Texas") (1891\) named for CSA General [Mathew Ector](/wiki/Mathew_Ector "Mathew Ector"), who later served as a judge. * [Foard County](/wiki/Foard_County%2C_Texas "Foard County, Texas") (1891\) named for Robert L. Foard, an attorney and Confederate Major. * [Gray County](/wiki/Gray_County%2C_Texas "Gray County, Texas") (1902\) named for [Peter W. Gray](/wiki/Peter_W._Gray "Peter W. Gray"), a lawyer and legislator who attended the 1861 Texas State Secession Convention, and voted to leave the union. Shortly after, Gray was elected to the Confederate House of Representatives. * [Gregg County](/wiki/Gregg_County%2C_Texas "Gregg County, Texas") (1873\) named for CSA General [John Gregg](/wiki/John_Gregg_%28CSA%29 "John Gregg (CSA)"), who was a delegate to the Texas Secession Convention in 1861 and was elected to represent Texas in the [Provisional Confederate Congress](/wiki/Provisional_Confederate_Congress "Provisional Confederate Congress") in Montgomery, Alabama, and later in Richmond, Virginia. He was killed in action at the [Siege of Petersburg](/wiki/Siege_of_Petersburg "Siege of Petersburg") in 1864\. * [Hemphill County](/wiki/Hemphill_County%2C_Texas "Hemphill County, Texas") and [Hemphill](/wiki/Hemphill%2C_Texas "Hemphill, Texas") city (1877\) named for [John Hemphill](/wiki/John_Hemphill_%28senator%29 "John Hemphill (senator)"), Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court from 1841 to 1858 until he was elected to the US Senate when [Sam Houston](/wiki/Sam_Houston "Sam Houston") refused to support secession. He was expelled from the Senate when Texas seceded in 1861 and then represented Texas in the [Provisional Confederate Congress](/wiki/Provisional_Confederate_Congress "Provisional Confederate Congress"). * [Hood County](/wiki/Hood_County%2C_Texas "Hood County, Texas") (1866\) named for CSA General [John Bell Hood](/wiki/John_Bell_Hood "John Bell Hood") * [Jeff Davis County](/wiki/Jeff_Davis_County%2C_Texas "Jeff Davis County, Texas") (1887\) named for [Jefferson Davis](/wiki/Jefferson_Davis "Jefferson Davis"). * [Lee County](/wiki/Lee_County%2C_Texas "Lee County, Texas") (1874\) named for Robert E. Lee. * [Lubbock County](/wiki/Lubbock_County%2C_Texas "Lubbock County, Texas") named for CSA colonel [Thomas Saltus Lubbock](/wiki/Thomas_Saltus_Lubbock "Thomas Saltus Lubbock") * [Madison County](/wiki/Madison_County%2C_Texas "Madison County, Texas"): In 2020 County Commissioners designated April as Confederate History and Heritage Month. * [McCulloch County](/wiki/McCulloch_County%2C_Texas "McCulloch County, Texas"), for CSA general [Benjamin McCulloch](/wiki/Benjamin_McCulloch "Benjamin McCulloch") * [Ochiltree County](/wiki/Ochiltree_County%2C_Texas "Ochiltree County, Texas") (1889\) named for secessionist politician [William Beck Ochiltree](/wiki/William_Beck_Ochiltree "William Beck Ochiltree"). * [Oldham County](/wiki/Oldham_County%2C_Texas "Oldham County, Texas") (1881\) named for [William Simpson Oldham Sr.](/wiki/William_Simpson_Oldham_Sr. "William Simpson Oldham Sr."), a Confederate politician. * [Randall County](/wiki/Randall_County%2C_Texas "Randall County, Texas") (1889\) named for CSA Brig. Gen. [Horace Randal](/wiki/Horace_Randal "Horace Randal"). * [Reagan County](/wiki/Reagan_County%2C_Texas "Reagan County, Texas") (1903\) named for CSA [Postmaster General](/wiki/Postmaster_General "Postmaster General") [John H. Reagan](/wiki/John_H._Reagan "John H. Reagan"). * [Reeves County](/wiki/Reeves_County%2C_Texas "Reeves County, Texas") (1884\) named for CSA officer [George R. Reeves](/wiki/George_R._Reeves "George R. Reeves"). * [Roberts County](/wiki/Roberts_County%2C_Texas "Roberts County, Texas") (1889\) named for [Oran Milo Roberts](/wiki/Oran_Milo_Roberts "Oran Milo Roberts"), who was unanimously elected president of the 1861 Secession Convention, a meeting that he had been influential in calling. In 1862 he resigned the Supreme Court seat and was elected colonel of the Eleventh Texas infantry in the Confederate Army. He was Governor of Texas from 1879 to 1883\. * [Scurry County](/wiki/Scurry_County%2C_Texas "Scurry County, Texas") (1884\) named for secessionist and CSA Gen. [William Read Scurry](/wiki/William_Read_Scurry "William Read Scurry"). * [Starr County](/wiki/Starr_County%2C_Texas "Starr County, Texas") Confederate official [James Harper Starr](/wiki/James_Harper_Starr "James Harper Starr") * [Stephens County](/wiki/Stephens_County%2C_Texas "Stephens County, Texas"), originally Buchanan County, for U.S. President [James Buchanan](/wiki/James_Buchanan "James Buchanan"), in 1861 was renamed for CSA Vice\-President [Alexander Stephens](/wiki/Alexander_Stephens "Alexander Stephens"). * [Stonewall County](/wiki/Stonewall_County%2C_Texas "Stonewall County, Texas") (1888\) named for CSA General Stonewall Jackson. * [Sutton County](/wiki/Sutton_County%2C_Texas "Sutton County, Texas") (1890\) named for CSA officer [John S. Sutton](/wiki/John_S._Sutton "John S. Sutton"). * [Terrell County](/wiki/Terrell_County%2C_Texas "Terrell County, Texas") (1905\) named for CSA acting General [Alexander W. Terrell](/wiki/Alexander_W._Terrell "Alexander W. Terrell"). * [Terry County](/wiki/Terry_County%2C_Texas "Terry County, Texas") (1904\) named for CSA Col. [Benjamin Franklin Terry](/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Terry "Benjamin Franklin Terry") . * [Tom Green County](/wiki/Tom_Green_County%2C_Texas "Tom Green County, Texas") (1875\) named for CSA Brig. Gen. [Thomas Green](/wiki/Thomas_Green_%28general%29 "Thomas Green (general)"), KIA (killed in action). * [Upton County](/wiki/Upton_County%2C_Texas "Upton County, Texas") (1910\) named for brothers John C. and William F. Upton, both colonels in the Confederate Army. * [Val Verde County](/wiki/Val_Verde_County%2C_Texas "Val Verde County, Texas") (1885\) Confederate victory in the [Battle of Val Verde](/wiki/Battle_of_Val_Verde "Battle of Val Verde") * [Winkler County](/wiki/Winkler_County%2C_Texas "Winkler County, Texas") (1910\) named for CSA Col. Clinton M. Winkler. #### Municipalities * City of [Cleburne](/wiki/Cleburne%2C_Texas "Cleburne, Texas") (1871\) * City of [Fort Davis](/wiki/Fort_Davis%2C_Texas "Fort Davis, Texas"): named for Jefferson Davis. * City of [Granbury](/wiki/Granbury%2C_Texas "Granbury, Texas") (1887\) * City of [Hemphill](/wiki/Hemphill%2C_Texas "Hemphill, Texas"): named for judge and Confederate politician [John Hemphill](/wiki/John_Hemphill_%28Senator%29 "John Hemphill (Senator)") (see Hemphill County as well) * City of [Lubbock](/wiki/Lubbock%2C_Texas "Lubbock, Texas"), named for [Thomas Saltus Lubbock](/wiki/Thomas_Saltus_Lubbock "Thomas Saltus Lubbock"), a colonel in the Confederate Army * City of [Robert Lee](/wiki/Robert_Lee%2C_Texas "Robert Lee, Texas") * City of [Stonewall](/wiki/Stonewall%2C_Texas "Stonewall, Texas"): named for Stonewall Jackson.

Why is Hemphill named after John Hemphill?

Günther Mader

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Season titles

### Season titles | Season | Discipline | | --- | --- | |**[1990](/wiki/1990_Alpine_Skiing_World_Cup "1990 Alpine Skiing World Cup")**[Giant slalom](/wiki/Giant_slalom "Giant slalom") |**[1996](/wiki/1996_Alpine_Skiing_World_Cup "1996 Alpine Skiing World Cup")**[Combined](/wiki/Alpine_skiing_combined "Alpine skiing combined")

How does giant slalom relate to the 1990 Alpine Skiing World Cup?

Islamic Azad University

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Branches and campuses

Branches and campuses --------------------- The Islamic Azad University has two independent and 31 [state university](/wiki/State_university "State university") branches with 367 campuses in Iran, and four branches overseas, as well as a range of research centers, hospitals, laboratories, workshops, sports facilities, recreational areas and ICT facilities. It now welcomes not only local but also international students. There are 1051 Sama schools affiliated to the university, along with 118 skill and entrepreneurship colleges.<http://iaun.ac.ir/index.php/progressive> Branches are listed below. | Branch | Type | Founded | Enrollment | | [Science and Research](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Science_and_Research_Branch%2C_Tehran "Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran") | Independent Comprehensive | 1984 | \~ 50,000 | | [Central Tehran](/wiki/IAUCTB "IAUCTB") | Comprehensive, Head of [Tehran state](/wiki/Tehran_Province "Tehran Province") universities | 1982 | \~ 50,000 | | [Najafabad](/wiki/IAUN "IAUN") | Independent Comprehensive | 1985 | \~ 20,000 | | [South Tehran](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_South_Tehran_Branch "Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch") | Comprehensive | 1985 | \~ 40,000 | | [North Tehran](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_North_Tehran_Branch "Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch") | Comprehensive | 1985 | \~ 40,000 | | [Tehran Medical](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_Medical_Branch_of_Tehran "Islamic Azad University Medical Branch of Tehran") | Comprehensive | 1985 | \~ 25,000 | | [Karaj](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_of_Karaj "Islamic Azad University of Karaj") | Comprehensive | 1984 | \~ 40,000 | | [Tabriz](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_of_Tabriz "Islamic Azad University of Tabriz") | Comprehensive | 1982 | \~ 20,000 | | [Qazvin](/wiki/Qazvin_Islamic_Azad_University "Qazvin Islamic Azad University") | Comprehensive | 1992 | \~ 15,000 | | [Mashhad](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_of_Mashhad "Islamic Azad University of Mashhad") | Comprehensive | 1982 | \~ 30,000 | | [Isfahan](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_of_Isfahan "Islamic Azad University of Isfahan") | Comprehensive | 1983 | \~ 20,000 | | ### Campuses in the City of Tehran | Branch | Type | Founded | Enrollment | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Central Organization | University System | 1982 | N/A | | [Science and Research](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Science_and_Research_Branch%2C_Tehran "Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran") | Independent Comprehensive | 1984 | \~ 50,000 | | [Central Tehran](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_Central_Tehran_Branch "Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch") | Comprehensive, Head of [Tehran state](/wiki/Tehran_Province "Tehran Province") universities | 1982 | \~ 50,000 | | [South Tehran](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_South_Tehran_Branch "Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch") | Comprehensive | 1985 | \~ 40,000 | | [North Tehran](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_North_Tehran_Branch "Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch") | Comprehensive | 1985 | \~ 40,000 | | [West Tehran](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_West_Tehran_Branch "Islamic Azad University West Tehran Branch") | Semi Comprehensive | 1994 | \~ 20,000 | | East Tehran | Semi Comprehensive | 2001 | \~ 10,000 | | [Medical Tehran](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_Medical_Branch_of_Tehran "Islamic Azad University Medical Branch of Tehran") | Medicine, Dental, Pharmaceutical Science \& Biology | 1985 | \~ 25,000 | | Electronic | Electronic | 2008 | \~ 20,000 | | Fereshtegan International | People with special needs | 2019 | \~ 1,000 | | [Farshchian](/wiki/Mahmoud_Farshchian "Mahmoud Farshchian") Islamic Iranian Art | Islamic Iranian Art | 2018 | \~ 1,000 | | ### Two\-year institutions Vice Presidency for General Education and Skills Training: * 118 skill and entrepreneurship colleges * Skills Training Schools ### Educational institutions ([K\-12](/wiki/K-12 "K-12")) Vice Presidency for General Education and Skills Training: * Sama Schools (1051 pre schools, primary schools, secondary schools, elementary schools, middle schools, high schools and university\-preparatory schools) ### Overseas branches The Azad University in Oxford (AUO) at the outskirts of the city of Oxford in the UK, was established in 2004 to support IAU's international collaboration activities. Through its links with the UK universities and research centers, the AUO provides services to the students and staff of IAU as well as other students and organisations around the world. In 1995, a branch was opened in [Dubai](/wiki/Dubai "Dubai"). ### International offices The Islamic Azad University has international offices in Russia, Italy, Germany, France, the UK, [UAE](/wiki/UAE "UAE"), [Lebanon](/wiki/Lebanon "Lebanon") and Afghanistan. ### State universities IAU has 31 state universities (provincial universities) located throughout the provinces of Iran. Digits in parentheses indicate the number of branches in current province. * [Islamic Azad University, Alborz Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Karaj_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch") (3\) * Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Province (8\) * [Islamic Azad University, East Azerbaijan Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Tabriz_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch") (27\) * Islamic Azad University, West Azerbaijan Province (10\) * Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran Province (11\) * Islamic Azad University, Chahar Mahaal and Bakhtiari Province (3\) * [Islamic Azad University, Fars Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Shiraz_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch") (30\) * [Islamic Azad University, Gilan Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Rasht_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch") (12\) * [Islamic Azad University, Golestan Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Gorgan_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch") (10\) * Islamic Azad University, Hamadan Province (6\) * Islamic Azad University, Hormozgan Province (12\) * Islamic Azad University, Ilam Province (5\) * [Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Isfahan_%28Khorasgan%29_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch") (24\) * Islamic Azad University, Kerman Province (12\) * Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Province (8\) * [Islamic Azad University, North Khorasan Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Bojnourd_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd Branch") (4\) * [Islamic Azad University, Razavi Khorasan Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Mashhad_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch") (14\) * [Islamic Azad University, South Khorasan Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Birjand_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Birjand Branch") (4\) * [Islamic Azad University, Khuzestan Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Ahvaz_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch") (17\) * Islamic Azad University, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer\-Ahmad Province (3\) * [Islamic Azad University, Kurdistan Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Sanandaj_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch") (6\) * Islamic Azad University, Lorestan Province (6\) * Islamic Azad University, Markazi Province (15\) * Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran Province (14\) * Islamic Azad University, Qazvin Province (4\) * Islamic Azad University, Qom Province (1\) * Islamic Azad University, Semnan Province (7\) * Islamic Azad University, Sistan and Baluchestan Province (7\) * [Islamic Azad University, Tehran Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University%2C_Central_Tehran_Branch "Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch") (24\) * Islamic Azad University, Yazd Province (10\) * [Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Province](/wiki/Islamic_Azad_University_of_Zanjan "Islamic Azad University of Zanjan") (4\)

What is the ranking of each branch by number of students?

Kathinka Pasveer

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Reviews

Reviews ------- * Anon. 1993\. "Recent Recordings: *Stockhausen 35*". *Flute Talk* 13 (November): 20\. * Frisius, Rudolf. 1986\. "Schallplatten: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Flötenkonzert G\-Dur, KV 313 (Kadenzen: Karlheinz Stockhausen); Joseph Haydn: Trompetenkonzert Es\-Dur (Kadenzen: Karlheinz Stockhausen); Karlheinz Stockhausen, Oberlippentanz für Trompete solo. Kathinka Pasveer, Flöte, Markus Stockhausen, Trompete, Radio\-Symphobie\-Orchester Berlin, Dirigent: Katlheinz Stockhausen. Acanta 40\.23 543 DT". *Neue Zeitschrift für Musik* 147, no. 11 (November): 66–67\. * Hodges, Nicolas. 1993\. "Reviews: CDs—*Flute Music: In Freundschaft, Piccolo, Amour, Susanis Echo, Xi, Zungenspitzentanz, Flautina, Ypsilon, Kathinkas Gesang.*" *The Musical Times* 134 (March): 155\. * Nordin, Ingvar Loco. n.d. "[Stockhausen Edition no. 28 (9 works for flute, piccolo \& alto flute)](http://home.swipnet.se/sonoloco7/stockhausen/28.html)". Sonoloco Record Reviews. * Watkins, Glenn. 2003\. "[Music of the European Avant\-Garde: Karlheinz Stockhausen’s *Samstag aus Licht*: A Contemporary Report](https://books.google.com/books?id=Ua0cqDViXz0C&dq=%22Kathinka+Pasveer%22&pg=PA171)". In *The Wind Band and Its Repertoire: Two Decades of Research as Published in the College Band Directors National Association Journal*, edited by Michael Votta, 171–73\. The Donald Hunsberger Wind Library. Miami: Warner Brothers/Alfred Music Publishing. . [Category:1959 births](/wiki/Category:1959_births "1959 births") [Category:Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people "Living people") [Category:People from Zaanstad](/wiki/Category:People_from_Zaanstad "People from Zaanstad") [Category:Dutch classical musicians](/wiki/Category:Dutch_classical_musicians "Dutch classical musicians") [Category:Dutch flautists](/wiki/Category:Dutch_flautists "Dutch flautists") [Category:Royal Conservatory of The Hague alumni](/wiki/Category:Royal_Conservatory_of_The_Hague_alumni "Royal Conservatory of The Hague alumni") [Category:Contemporary classical music performers](/wiki/Category:Contemporary_classical_music_performers "Contemporary classical music performers") [Category:Women flautists](/wiki/Category:Women_flautists "Women flautists") [Category:20th\-century flautists](/wiki/Category:20th-century_flautists "20th-century flautists") [Category:21st\-century flautists](/wiki/Category:21st-century_flautists "21st-century flautists")

Who has composed music for the flute and piccolo?

Gunnar Nelson (fighter)

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Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

### Brazilian Jiu\-Jitsu Gunnar began grappling in 2006, receiving his [Brazilian Jiu\-Jitsu](/wiki/Brazilian_Jiu-Jitsu "Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu") (BJJ) [blue belt](/wiki/Brazilian_Jiu-Jitsu_ranking_system%23blue_belt "Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu ranking system#blue belt") from [Matt Thornton](/wiki/Matt_Thornton_%28martial_artist%29 "Matt Thornton (martial artist)") of Straight Blast Gym International. From the age of 17, he continued his tutelage primarily under John Kavanagh, one of Thornton's students. Gunnar first met Kavanagh during one of his BJJ seminars at Mjolnir, and the [SBG Ireland](/wiki/Straight_Blast_Gym_-_Ireland "Straight Blast Gym - Ireland") owner would remain his head coach until this day. By 2008, Gunnar had already progressed far enough for Kavanagh to award him his [brown belt](/wiki/Brazilian_Jiu-Jitsu_ranking_system%23Brown_belt "Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu ranking system#Brown belt"), but with Kavanagh not being a black belt for more than six years at the time, he was unable to award Gunnar his own [black belt](/wiki/Brazilian_Jiu-Jitsu_ranking_system%23Black_belt "Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu ranking system#Black belt") under [IBJJF](/wiki/IBJJF "IBJJF") rules. Gunnar subsequently spent a period at [Renzo Gracie Academy](/wiki/Renzo_Gracie_Academy "Renzo Gracie Academy") in New York to advance rank to black belt. Shortly after his arrival, he had competed for their team in various competitions, winning a silver medal in the 2009 [Mundials](/wiki/Mundials "Mundials") brown belt category. He also won gold at the 2009 [Pan American Championship](/wiki/Pan_American_Championship_%28Jiu_Jitsu%29 "Pan American Championship (Jiu Jitsu)") (Gi), along with gold and silver (open class) in the 2009 [Pan American Championship](/wiki/Pan_American_Championship_%28Jiu_Jitsu%29 "Pan American Championship (Jiu Jitsu)") (No\-Gi). At the 2009 ADCC Submission Wrestling World Championship, Gunnar took 4th place in the absolute category where he defeated the much heavier and touted BJJ Black Belts [Jeff Monson](/wiki/Jeff_Monson "Jeff Monson") and [David Avellan](/wiki/David_Avellan "David Avellan").[Absolute bronze « Graciemag at the ADCC](http://graciemagbarcelona2009.wordpress.com/2009/09/27/absolute-bronze/) . Graciemagbarcelona2009\.wordpress.com (2009\-09\-27\). Retrieved on 2012\-02\-26\. [Gracie](/wiki/Renzo_Gracie "Renzo Gracie") had already seen enough, and awarded him his black belt after less than a year with his academy.<http://www.renzogracie.com/content/view/280/74/> In 2011, Gunnar was again offered a place in the ADCC Submission Wrestling World Championship and had a good run (though not bringing home any medals), defeating the then present and twofold European Champion and multiple Finnish champion Marko Helen and the Brazilian and American champion and former World Champion Bruno Frazzato. Today, Gunnar is an instructor in his home club Mjolnir. He spends his time between there, SBG Ireland, Renzo Gracie Academy, and also SBG Mainline in Manchester.

Why couldn't Kavanagh award Gunnar his black belt under IBJJF rules?

Nine Lives (Robert Plant album)

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Introduction

***Nine Lives*** is a [box set](/wiki/Box_set "Box set") of [Robert Plant](/wiki/Robert_Plant "Robert Plant")'s solo work, released on 21 November 2006\. It includes remastered and expanded editions of nine albums with unreleased tracks and b\-sides and a [DVD](/wiki/DVD "DVD"). The DVD has 20 music videos, live performance footage, and a career\-spanning interview with Plant, as well as interviews with friends including drummer [Phil Collins](/wiki/Phil_Collins "Phil Collins"), Who lead singer [Roger Daltrey](/wiki/Roger_Daltrey "Roger Daltrey"), singer\-songwriter [Tori Amos](/wiki/Tori_Amos "Tori Amos"), tennis star [John McEnroe](/wiki/John_McEnroe "John McEnroe"), and former Atlantic Records President [Ahmet Ertegun](/wiki/Ahmet_Ertegun "Ahmet Ertegun"), among others. The albums are: * *[Pictures at Eleven](/wiki/Pictures_at_Eleven "Pictures at Eleven")* * *[The Principle of Moments](/wiki/The_Principle_of_Moments "The Principle of Moments")* * *[The Honeydrippers: Volume One](/wiki/The_Honeydrippers:Volume_One "Volume One")* * *[Shaken 'n' Stirred](/wiki/Shaken_%27n%27_Stirred "Shaken 'n' Stirred")* * *[Now and Zen](/wiki/Now_and_Zen "Now and Zen")* * *[Manic Nirvana](/wiki/Manic_Nirvana "Manic Nirvana")* * *[Fate of Nations](/wiki/Fate_of_Nations "Fate of Nations")* * *[Dreamland](/wiki/Dreamland_%28Robert_Plant_album%29 "Dreamland (Robert Plant album)")* * *[Mighty ReArranger](/wiki/Mighty_ReArranger "Mighty ReArranger")*

Who is interviewed on the DVD in Robert Plant's 'Nine Lives'?

Timeline of the George H. W. Bush presidency (1989)

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April

April ----- * **April 1** – According to a statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater, President Bush meets with [President of Venezuela](/wiki/President_of_Venezuela "President of Venezuela") [Carlos Andrés Pérez](/wiki/Carlos_Andr%C3%A9s_P%C3%A9rez "Carlos Andrés Pérez") over the debt situation in the latter's country. President Bush states his support for the reforms being carried out by the Venezuelan government. Bush unveiled a new [horseshoe pit at the White House](/wiki/White_House_horseshoe_pit "White House horseshoe pit") on the [South Lawn](/wiki/South_Lawn "South Lawn") with 150 guests in attendance. The men's horseshoe champion, Jim Knisley, and the women's champion, Diane Lopez, were present. Bush would hold bi\-annual horseshoe tournaments at the White House during his presidency, and regularly demonstrate his prowess at the game for dignitaries. * **April 3** – President Bush meets with representatives for the family members of the victims in [Pan Am Flight 103](/wiki/Pan_Am_Flight_103 "Pan Am Flight 103") for an hour during the morning. President Bush and [President of Egypt](/wiki/President_of_Egypt "President of Egypt") [Mohammed Hosni Mubarak](/wiki/Mohammed_Hosni_Mubarak "Mohammed Hosni Mubarak") make a joint appearance in the Rose Garden during the afternoon. President Bush announces the nomination of Alan Charles Raul for General Counsel of the Department of Agriculture. * **April 4** – President Bush attends a White House briefing for members of the American Business Conference in Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Building during the afternoon. President Bush attends a state dinner for the [President of Egypt](/wiki/President_of_Egypt "President of Egypt") [Hosni Mubarak](/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak "Hosni Mubarak") in the State Dining Room during the evening. President Bush announces the nomination of Delos Cy Jamison for Director of the Bureau of Land Management at the Department of the Interior. * **April 5** – President Bush transmits Educational Excellence Act of 1989 to Congress in a message in which he calls for it to be enacted. President Bush attends a presentation ceremony for the National Teacher of the Year Award in the Rose Garden during the morning. * **April 6** – President Bush attends a dinner honoring [Prime Minister of Israel](/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Israel "Prime Minister of Israel") [Yitzhak Shamir](/wiki/Yitzhak_Shamir "Yitzhak Shamir") in the State Dining Room during the evening. President Bush announces the appointment of Mary McClure for Special Assistant to the President for Intergovernmental Affairs. * **April 7** – President Bush holds his tenth news conference in the Briefing Room during the morning. President Bush answers questions from reporters on minimum and training wages, oil drilling and exploration, the Polish Roundtable Accords, the peace process in the Middle East, the Alaskan oil spill, Iran arms, and the [Iran\-Contra affair](/wiki/Iran-Contra_affair "Iran-Contra affair"). * **April 10** – President Bush signs the [Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989](/wiki/Whistleblower_Protection_Act_of_1989 "Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989") in Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Building during the afternoon. The law is said by President Bush to be instrumental in "strengthening the protections and procedural rights available to those Federal employees who report misdeeds and mismanagement." President Bush announces the nomination of Diane Kay Morales for Assistant Secretary of Energy (Environment, Safety and Health). * **April 11** – President Bush attends a presentation ceremony for the President's Volunteer Action Awards in the East Room during the afternoon. President Bush announces the continuation of Eugene J. McAllister in the position of Assistant Secretary of State (Economic and Business Affairs) at the Department of State. * **April 12** – President Bush delivers remarks congratulating the [University of Michigan Wolverines](/wiki/University_of_Michigan_Wolverines "University of Michigan Wolverines") over the team's victory in the NCAA Basketball Championship in the Rose Garden during the morning. President Bush announces the nomination of [Richard H. Truly](/wiki/Richard_H._Truly "Richard H. Truly") for [Administrator and Deputy Administrator of NASA](/wiki/List_of_Administrators_and_Deputy_Administrators_of_NASA "List of Administrators and Deputy Administrators of NASA") in the Roosevelt Room during the afternoon. President Bush announces the nomination of James R. Thompson, Jr. for Deputy Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. * **April 17** – President Bush delivers an address at Hamtramck City Hall in [Hamtramck, Michigan](/wiki/Hamtramck%2C_Michigan "Hamtramck, Michigan") during the morning. * **April 18** – President Bush attends he National Conference of the Building and Construction Trades Department of the AFL – CIO in the International Ballroom at the Washington Hilton Hotel during the morning. In the afternoon, President Bush speaks during the Farm Radio Broadcast in answering questions on the subjects of agriculture budget and exports, drought relief, and Agriculture Secretary Yeutter. Invoking his predecessor [Franklin D. Roosevelt](/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt "Franklin D. Roosevelt"), President Bush signs legislation implementing the bipartisan accord on Central America in the Rose Garden during the afternoon. President Bush transmits "five revised deferrals of budget authority now totaling 9,663,811" in a message to Congress. * **April 19** – President Bush announces the nomination of Morton Isaac Abramowitz for Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to Turkey. * **April 20** – President Bush delivers remarks congratulating the [University of Tennessee Lady Volunteers](/wiki/University_of_Tennessee_Lady_Volunteers "University of Tennessee Lady Volunteers") over their victory in the NCAA Basketball Championship during the morning. President Bush and Vice President Quayle deliver remarks in the Vice President's office in the Old Executive Office Building prior to President Bush signing the legislation establishing the National Space Council during the afternoon. President Bush announces the nomination of D. Allan Bromley for Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. * **April 21** – President Bush signs a proclamation declaring the upcoming May 1 as "Law Day, 1989" during a morning appearance in the Roosevelt Room. President Bush designates James J. Carey for Acting Chairman of the Federal Maritime Commission. * **April 24** – President Bush attends a memorial service for the victims of the [USS *Iowa* turret explosion](/wiki/USS_Iowa_turret_explosion "USS Iowa turret explosion") in Hangar LP – 2 at the Norfolk Naval Air Station in [Norfolk, Virginia](/wiki/Norfolk%2C_Virginia "Norfolk, Virginia") during the morning. President Bush attends a luncheon of the Associated Press Business in the Grand Ballroom at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Chicago during the afternoon. President Bush attends the dedication ceremony for the Centennial Grove in the Great Hall of the State capitol of [Bismarck, North Dakota](/wiki/Bismarck%2C_North_Dakota "Bismarck, North Dakota") during the afternoon. * **April 25** – President Bush delivers an address to employees of Ford Aerospace Space Systems in the facility's cafeteria courtyard in [Palo Alto, California](/wiki/Palo_Alto%2C_California "Palo Alto, California") during the morning. President Bush gives a speech to officers outside of the main house at Rancho del Rio during the afternoon. President Bush announces the nomination of [Richard L. Armitage](/wiki/Richard_L._Armitage "Richard L. Armitage") for [United States Secretary of the Army](/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army "United States Secretary of the Army"). * **April 26** – President Bush delivers a speech to the Texas State Legislature in the house chamber of the State Capitol in Austin during the afternoon. * **April 27** – President Bush attends a dedication ceremony for the Michael Bilirakis Alzheimer's Center while in the courtyard of St. Mark Village in [Palm Harbor, Florida](/wiki/Palm_Harbor%2C_Florida "Palm Harbor, Florida") during the afternoon. * **April 28** – President Bush delivers an address to the [American Legislative Exchange Council](/wiki/American_Legislative_Exchange_Council "American Legislative Exchange Council") during a morning briefing in Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Building. President Bush holds his eleventh news conference in the Briefing Room during the afternoon. President Bush announces that "Governments of the United States and Japan have reached understandings that will allow us to proceed with joint development of the FSX fighter aircraft. I'm ready to submit the FSX agreement to Congress for its review." * **April 30** – President Bush attends the bicentennial celebration of the [first inauguration of George Washington](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_George_Washington "First inauguration of George Washington") outside of Federal Hall National Memorial during the afternoon.

Who was nominated for United States Secretary of the Army?

Michael Hackert

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Career statistics

Career statistics ----------------- ### Regular season and playoffs | | | | | [Regular season](/wiki/Regular_season "Regular season") | | | | | | [Playoffs](/wiki/Playoffs "Playoffs") | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | [Season](/wiki/Season_%28sports%29 "Season (sports)") | Team | League | GP | [G](/wiki/Goal_%28ice_hockey%29 "Goal (ice hockey)") | [A](/wiki/Assist_%28ice_hockey%29 "Assist (ice hockey)") | [Pts](/wiki/Point_%28ice_hockey%29 "Point (ice hockey)") | [PIM](/wiki/Penalty_%28ice_hockey%29 "Penalty (ice hockey)") | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | | 1997–98 | EC Heilbronner | [2\.GBun](/wiki/2nd_Bundesliga_%28ice_hockey%29 "2nd Bundesliga (ice hockey)") | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | | 1998–99 | EC Heilbronner | 2\.GBun | 21 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | | 1998–99 | [EC Iserlohner](/wiki/Iserlohn_Roosters "Iserlohn Roosters") | 2\.GBun | 16 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | — | — | — | — | — | | 1999–00 | EC Iserlohner | 2\.GBun | 33 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | | 2000–01 | EC Heilbronner | 2\.GBun | 50 | 17 | 21 | 38 | 40 | 9 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 6 | | 2001–02 | EC Heilbronner | 2\.GBun | 52 | 20 | 9 | 29 | 28 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | | [2002–03](/wiki/2002-03_Deutsche_Eishockey_Liga_season "2002-03 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season") | [DEG Metro Stars](/wiki/DEG_Metro_Stars "DEG Metro Stars") | [DEL](/wiki/Deutsche_Eishockey_Liga "Deutsche Eishockey Liga") | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | | 2002–03 | [ERC Ingolstadt](/wiki/ERC_Ingolstadt "ERC Ingolstadt") | DEL | 27 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | — | — | — | — | — | | 2002–03 | [EV Duisburg](/wiki/EV_Duisburg "EV Duisburg") | 2\.GBun | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | | [2003–04](/wiki/2003-04_Deutsche_Eishockey_Liga_season "2003-04 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season") | [Frankfurt Lions](/wiki/Frankfurt_Lions "Frankfurt Lions") | DEL | 51 | 9 | 13 | 22 | 36 | 14 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 31 | | [2004–05](/wiki/2004-05_Deutsche_Eishockey_Liga_season "2004-05 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season") | Frankfurt Lions | DEL | 49 | 20 | 18 | 38 | 40 | — | — | — | — | — | | [2005–06](/wiki/2005%E2%80%9306_AHL_season "2005–06 AHL season") | [Grand Rapids Griffins](/wiki/Grand_Rapids_Griffins "Grand Rapids Griffins") | [AHL](/wiki/American_Hockey_League "American Hockey League") | 16 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — | | [2005–06](/wiki/2005-06_Deutsche_Eishockey_Liga_season "2005-06 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season") | Frankfurt Lions | DEL | 21 | 6 | 9 | 15 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — | | [2006–07](/wiki/2006%E2%80%9307_Deutsche_Eishockey_Liga_season "2006–07 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season") | Frankfurt Lions | DEL | 48 | 17 | 17 | 34 | 70 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 16 | | [2007–08](/wiki/2007-08_Deutsche_Eishockey_Liga_season "2007-08 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season") | [Adler Mannheim](/wiki/Adler_Mannheim "Adler Mannheim") | DEL | 53 | 14 | 20 | 34 | 46 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | [2008–09](/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309_Deutsche_Eishockey_Liga_season "2008–09 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season") | Adler Mannheim | DEL | 51 | 12 | 15 | 27 | 42 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 10 | | [2009–10](/wiki/2009-10_Deutsche_Eishockey_Liga_season "2009-10 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season") | Adler Mannheim | DEL | 44 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 30 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | | [2010–11](/wiki/2010%E2%80%9311_Deutsche_Eishockey_Liga_season "2010–11 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season") | [Iserlohn Roosters](/wiki/Iserlohn_Roosters "Iserlohn Roosters") | DEL | 28 | 6 | 20 | 26 | 24 | — | — | — | — | — | | DEL totals | | | 392 | 90 | 121 | 211 | 328 | 38 | 13 | 13 | 26 | 63 | ### International | Year | Team | Comp | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | [2001](/wiki/2001_World_Junior_Ice_Hockey_Championships "2001 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships") | [Germany](/wiki/Germany_men%27s_national_ice_hockey_team "Germany men's national ice hockey team") | [WJC\-D1](/wiki/World_Junior_Ice_Hockey_Championships "World Junior Ice Hockey Championships") | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 | | [2007](/wiki/2007_Men%27s_World_Ice_Hockey_Championships "2007 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships") | Germany | [WC](/wiki/World_Ice_Hockey_Championships "World Ice Hockey Championships") | 6 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 2 | | [2008](/wiki/2008_Men%27s_World_Ice_Hockey_Championships "2008 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships") | Germany | WC | 6 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | | [2009](/wiki/2009_Men%27s_World_Ice_Hockey_Championships "2009 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships") | Germany | WC | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | | Junior int'l totals | | | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 | | Senior int'l totals | | | 18 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 8 |

How many games did the player play in WC?

Monomial order

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Elimination order

### Elimination order **Block order** or **elimination order** (lexdeg) may be defined for any number of blocks but, for sake of simplicity, we consider only the case of two blocks (however, if the number of blocks equals the number of variables, this order is simply the lexicographic order). For this ordering, the variables are divided in two blocks *x*1,..., *x**h* and *y*1,...,*y**k* and a monomial ordering is chosen for each block, usually the graded reverse lexicographical order. Two monomials are compared by comparing their *x* part, and in case of a tie, by comparing their *y* part. This ordering is important as it allows *elimination*, an operation which corresponds to projection in algebraic geometry.

How are monomials compared in block order?

2019 European Parliament election in Ireland

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South

#### South | Last dateof polling | Polling firm / Commissioner | Samplesize | [Kelly](/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Kelly_%28Irish_politician%29 "Seán Kelly (Irish politician)") ([FG](/wiki/Fine_Gael "Fine Gael")) | [Ní Riada](/wiki/Liadh_N%C3%AD_Riada "Liadh Ní Riada") ([SF](/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in "Sinn Féin")) | [Kelleher](/wiki/Billy_Kelleher "Billy Kelleher") ([FF](/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il "Fianna Fáil")) | [Byrne](/wiki/Malcolm_Byrne "Malcolm Byrne") ([FF](/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il "Fianna Fáil")) | [Wallace](/wiki/Mick_Wallace "Mick Wallace") ([I4C](/wiki/Independents_4_Change "Independents 4 Change")) | [O'Sullivan](/wiki/Grace_O%27Sullivan "Grace O'Sullivan") ([GP](/wiki/Green_Party_%28Ireland%29 "Green Party (Ireland)")) | [Clune](/wiki/Deirdre_Clune "Deirdre Clune") ([FG](/wiki/Fine_Gael "Fine Gael")) | [Doyle](/wiki/Andrew_Doyle_%28politician%29 "Andrew Doyle (politician)") ([FG](/wiki/Fine_Gael "Fine Gael")) | [Nunan](/wiki/Sheila_Nunan "Sheila Nunan") ([Lab](/wiki/Labour_Party_%28Ireland%29 "Labour Party (Ireland)")) | Wallace | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 16 May 2019 | [Red C/The Sunday Business Post](/wiki/The_Sunday_Business_Post "The Sunday Business Post") | 825 |**17** 15 | 13 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 10 | | | [Ipsos MRBI/The Irish Times](/wiki/The_Irish_Times "The Irish Times") | 500 |**18** 14 | 13 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 10 | 9 | 5 | 1 | 7 |

What is the sample size for each polling firm/commissioner?

Dragon Flyz

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Dragons

### Dragons There are three type of dragons that appear in the series. The most common are the Airlandian dragons, which have smooth\-skinned, serpentine bodies, long, slender necks and tails, needle\-like teeth, and [pterosaur](/wiki/Pterosaur "Pterosaur")\-like wings on which they can walk. The second type is a large\-bodied, four\-legged breed with short necks that Fryte, Kreigo and Nocturna ride. The third type, of which Blackheart is the only example in the series, has characteristics of both types, but is larger and has the ability to consume lava and breathe fire. All dragons are intelligent and seem to understand human speech, and are loyal to their riders. When not on duty, Airlandian dragons live in a vast, hangarlike station consisting of nesting areas and a terraformed environment, including a lake. #### Riptor Z'Neth's dragon, a blue dragon with a nasal horn and two large crests. An Arlandian dragon, he is considered the leader of the dragons, as evidenced by his larger nest, collar, and crest armor. Riptor has a personal rivalry with Blackheart and is one of only two dragons and the only Airlandian dragon that can match his power. #### Sky Fury Summit's dragon, a green dragon with two brown horns. She is the only female among the protagonists' steeds and will not hesitate to take action, even without being given a command. #### Fury's Cub A small green dragon born early in the series. While still an egg, Nocturna, sent by Dreadwing to capture dragon eggs for Gangryn's genetic experiments, steals him from Fury to use in those experiments. As a result, he has the ability to project a paralyzing blast when he hatches. Dreadwing attempts to use this ability as a weapon, but fails when Sky Fury convinces him to join her. #### Wing Storm Peak's dragon, a young, steel\-gray dragon with a spiky head and a long mouth. Both Wing Storm and Peak are reckless, though Wing Storm is the more cautious of the two. #### Blazewind Apex's dragon, a white dragon with a black mane. Blazewind is closer to his rider than others because of Apex's ability to communicate telepathically. #### Blackheart Dreadwing's dragon. A massive four\-legged, long\-necked, dragon with red scales and the ability to consume lava and breathe fire. Riptor is his rival and is his equal in power, but he was once defeated by the leader of a pack of wild dragons who could also breathe fire.

What is the name of Dreadwing's dragon?

762

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Births

Births ------ * [Æthelred I](/wiki/%C3%86thelred_I_of_Northumbria "Æthelred I of Northumbria"), king of [Northumbria](/wiki/Northumbria "Northumbria") (d. [796](/wiki/796 "796")) * [Sayyida Nafisa](/wiki/Sayyida_Nafisa "Sayyida Nafisa"), Arab [scholar](/wiki/Ulama "Ulama") (d. [824](/wiki/824 "824"))

In what year did Æthelred I die?

Choirs at Brigham Young University

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BYU Concert Choir

BYU Concert Choir ----------------- [left\|thumb\|400px\|BYU Concert Choir conducted by Rosalind Hall](/wiki/Image:BYU_Concert_Choir_with_Poppies.jpg "BYU Concert Choir with Poppies.jpg") The BYU Concert Choir is a mixed chorus of approximately 90 men and women. The group performs a wide variety of choral repertoire ranging from the Renaissance to modern, and all from memory. The choir was first organized in 1984 by [Mack Wilberg](/wiki/Mack_Wilberg "Mack Wilberg"), who has also written a number of songs and arrangements specifically for the ensemble. When Wilberg left BYU in 1999 to become an assistant conductor for the [Mormon Tabernacle Choir](/wiki/Mormon_Tabernacle_Choir "Mormon Tabernacle Choir"), [Rosalind Hall](/wiki/Rosalind_Hall "Rosalind Hall") was appointed to conduct the Concert Choir. The choir has performed at the ACDA convention and with the [Utah Symphony](/wiki/Utah_Symphony "Utah Symphony"). The choir has released two albums on [Tantara Records](/wiki/Tantara_Records "Tantara Records"): "[All Creatures of Our God and King](/wiki/All_Creatures_of_Our_God_and_King "All Creatures of Our God and King")" and "Beautiful River". In 2006, the Concert Choir performed the premiere of two works by Mack Wilberg: "Till All Eternity Shall Ring," and "Dances to Life."

How many men and women are in the choir?

L'Élève Ducobu

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Albums

### Albums All published by [Le Lombard](/wiki/Le_Lombard "Le Lombard"). 1. *Un copieur sachant copier !* (1997\) 2. *Au coin !* (1998\) 3. *Les Réponses ou la vie ?* (1999\) 4. *La Lutte des classes* (1999\) 5. *Le Roi des cancres* (2000\) 6. *Un Amour de Potache* (2001\) 7. *Vivement les vacances !* (2001\) 8. *Punis pour le meilleur et pour le pire* (2002\) 9. *Le Fortiche de la triche* (2003\) 10. *Miss dix sur dix* (2004\) 11. *Peut mieux faire !* (2005\) 12. *280 de Q.I. !* (2006\) 13. *Pas vu, pas pris !* (2007\) 14. *Premier de la classe (en commençant par la fin)* (2008\) 15. *Ça sent les vacances* (2009\) 16. *Confisqués !* (2010\) 17. *Silence, on copie !* (2011\) 18. *Révise un max* (2012\) 19. *Ducobu, élève modèle !* (2013\) 20. *0 \+ 0 \= Duco !* (2014\) 21. *In\-Cu\-Ra\-Ble !* (2015\) 22. *Système D* (2016\) 23. *Profession : Tricheur* (2017\) 24. *Attention : École !* (2019\) 25. *L'idole des écoles !* (2020\) 26. *Votez Ducobu!* (2022\) 27. *Fini De Rire !* (2023\)

When was the album 'Au coin !' published?

Béla I of Hungary

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Family

Family ------ Béla married, in about 1033, a daughter of King [Mieszko II Lambert of Poland](/wiki/Mieszko_II_Lambert "Mieszko II Lambert"). According to Makk, her name was either [Richesa or Adelheid](/wiki/Richeza_of_Poland%2C_Queen_of_Hungary "Richeza of Poland, Queen of Hungary"). Their eldest children, [Géza](/wiki/G%C3%A9za_I_of_Hungary "Géza I of Hungary") and [Ladislaus](/wiki/Ladislaus_I_of_Hungary "Ladislaus I of Hungary")who became kings of Hungary in 1074 and 1077, respectivelywere born in Poland in the 1040s. Béla's third son, [Lampert](/wiki/Lampert_of_Hungary "Lampert of Hungary"), was born after Béla's return to Hungary. Lampert was followed by a daughter named [Sophia](/wiki/Sophia_of_Hungary "Sophia of Hungary"), who was first married to Margrave [Ulric I of Carniola](/wiki/Ulric_I%2C_Margrave_of_Carniola "Ulric I, Margrave of Carniola"), and later to Duke [Magnus of Saxony](/wiki/Magnus%2C_Duke_of_Saxony "Magnus, Duke of Saxony"). Her younger sister, [Euphemia](/wiki/Euphemia_of_Hungary "Euphemia of Hungary"), became the wife of Duke [Otto I of Olomouc](/wiki/Otto_I_of_Olomouc "Otto I of Olomouc"). Béla's third daughter, [Helena](/wiki/Jelena_Lijepa "Jelena Lijepa"), was the wife of King [Demetrius Zvonimir of Croatia](/wiki/Demetrius_Zvonimir_of_Croatia "Demetrius Zvonimir of Croatia"). An unnamed daughter of Béla became the first wife of a Hungarian nobleman, [Lampert of the Clan Hont\-Pázmány](/wiki/Lampert_Hont-P%C3%A1zm%C3%A1ny_%28lord%29 "Lampert Hont-Pázmány (lord)"). According to the historian Martin Dimnik, Béla also fathered a fifth daughter, Lanka, who was the wife of Prince [Rostislav Vladimirovich of Tmutarakan](/wiki/Rostislav_of_Tmutarakan "Rostislav of Tmutarakan"). The following family tree presents Béla's ancestry, his offspring, and some of his relatives mentioned in the article. *\*A Khazar, Pecheneg or Volga Bulgarian lady.* *\*\*Györffy writes that she may have been a member of the [Bulgarian](/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire "First Bulgarian Empire") [Cometopuli dynasty](/wiki/Cometopuli_dynasty "Cometopuli dynasty").* *\*\*\*Lanka is not mentioned as Béla I's daughter by all specialists.*

Which king was Helena married to?

1997 in the sport of athletics

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Awards

Awards ------ ### Men |1996 TRACK \& FIELD AWARDS ATHLETE | | |[IAAF World Athlete of the Year](/wiki/IAAF_World_Athlete_of_the_Year "IAAF World Athlete of the Year") | |[Track \& Field Athlete of the Year](/wiki/Track_%26_Field_Athlete_of_the_Year "Track & Field Athlete of the Year") | |[European Athlete of the Year Award](/wiki/European_Athlete_of_the_Year_Award "European Athlete of the Year Award") | |[Best Male Track Athlete ESPY Award](/wiki/Best_Male_Track_Athlete_ESPY_Award "Best Male Track Athlete ESPY Award") | ### Women |1996 TRACK \& FIELD AWARDS ATHLETE | | |[IAAF World Athlete of the Year](/wiki/IAAF_World_Athlete_of_the_Year "IAAF World Athlete of the Year") | |[Track \& Field Athlete of the Year](/wiki/Track_%26_Field_Athlete_of_the_Year "Track & Field Athlete of the Year") | |[European Athlete of the Year Award](/wiki/European_Athlete_of_the_Year_Award "European Athlete of the Year Award") | |[Best Female Track Athlete ESPY Award](/wiki/Best_Female_Track_Athlete_ESPY_Award "Best Female Track Athlete ESPY Award") |

Who was named IAAF World Athlete of the Year in 1996?

Saint Louis University School of Law

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United States District Court, Southern District of Illinois

#### United States District Court, Southern District of Illinois * [Stephen Patrick McGlynn](/wiki/Stephen_P._McGlynn "Stephen P. McGlynn"); Class of 1987\. Judge for the Illinois Appellate Court, Fifth District (2005\-2006\), Judge for the Illinois Circuit Court, Twentieth Judicial Circuit (2010\-2012, 2013\-2020 (short stint in private practice 2012\-2013\). Nominated by [Donald Trump](/wiki/Donald_Trump "Donald Trump") February 4, 2020, confirmed by the Senate September 16, 2020, and has served in that position since then. * [Michael Joseph Reagan](/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Reagan "Michael Joseph Reagan"); Class of 1980\. Nominated by [Bill Clinton](/wiki/Bill_Clinton "Bill Clinton") May 11, 2000, and confirmed by the Senate October 3, 2000\. Served as Chief Judge for the Southern District from 2014 to 2019 when he retired. * [Paul E. Riley](/wiki/Paul_E._Riley "Paul E. Riley"); Class of 1967\. Nominated by [Bill Clinton](/wiki/Bill_Clinton "Bill Clinton") August 16, 1994, and confirmed by the Senate October 6, 1994\. Served until his death in 2001\. * [William Donald Stiehl](/wiki/William_Donald_Stiehl "William Donald Stiehl"); Class of 1949 ([LL.B](/wiki/LL.B "LL.B")). Special Assistant Attorney General for Illinois (1970\-1973\). Nominated by [Ronald Reagan](/wiki/Ronald_Reagan "Ronald Reagan") May 14, 1986, and confirmed by the Senate June 16, 1869\. Served as Chief Judge for the Southern District from 1992 to 1993\. Assumed Senior Status in 1996 and served in that position until his death in 2016\. * [Omer Poos](/wiki/Omer_Poos "Omer Poos"); Class of 1924 ([LL.B](/wiki/LL.B "LL.B")). Nominated by [Dwight D. Eisenhower](/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower "Dwight D. Eisenhower") August 16, 1958, and confirmed by the Senate August 19, 1958\. Served as Chief Judge for the Southern District from 1966 to 1972 and assumed Senior Status in 1973 until his death in 1976\.

What were Judge Riley's positions before being nominated to the United States District Court, Southern District of Illinois?

Anthemius

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Early life

Early life ---------- Anthemius belonged to a noble family, the [Procopii](/wiki/Procopius_%28Romans%29 "Procopius (Romans)"), which gave several high officers, both civil and military, to the [Eastern Roman Empire](/wiki/Eastern_Roman_Empire "Eastern Roman Empire"). His maternal grandfather was [Anthemius](/wiki/Anthemius_%28praetorian_prefect%29 "Anthemius (praetorian prefect)"), [praetorian prefect of the East](/wiki/Praetorian_prefect_of_the_East "Praetorian prefect of the East") (404–415\) and [Roman consul](/wiki/Roman_consul "Roman consul") in 405\. His father was [Procopius](/wiki/Procopius_%28magister_militum%29 "Procopius (magister militum)"), *[magister militum](/wiki/Magister_militum "Magister militum")* *per Orientem* from 422 to 424, who descended from [Procopius](/wiki/Procopius_%28usurper%29 "Procopius (usurper)"), a cousin of Emperor [Julian](/wiki/Julian_%28emperor%29 "Julian (emperor)") and a usurper against the Eastern emperor [Valens](/wiki/Valens "Valens") (r. 365–366\). Born in [Constantinople](/wiki/Constantinople "Constantinople"), he went to [Alexandria](/wiki/Alexandria "Alexandria") to study in the school of the Neoplatonic philosopher [Proclus](/wiki/Proclus "Proclus"); among his fellow students, there were [Marcellinus](/wiki/Marcellinus_%28magister_militum%29 "Marcellinus (magister militum)") (*magister militum* and governor of Illyricum), [Flavius Illustrius Pusaeus](/wiki/Flavius_Illustrius_Pusaeus "Flavius Illustrius Pusaeus") (Praetorian prefect of the East and Consul in 467\), [Messius Phoebus Severus](/wiki/Messius_Phoebus_Severus "Messius Phoebus Severus") (Consul in 470 and *[praefectus urbi](/wiki/Praefectus_urbi "Praefectus urbi")*), and [Pamprepius](/wiki/Pamprepius "Pamprepius") (pagan poet).O'Meara, Dominic, *Platonopolis: Platonic Political Philosophy in Late Antiquity*, Oxford University Press, 2003, , p. 21\. In 453, he married [Marcia Euphemia](/wiki/Marcia_Euphemia "Marcia Euphemia"), daughter of the Eastern emperor [Marcian](/wiki/Marcian "Marcian") (450–457\); after the marriage, he was elevated to the rank of *[comes](/wiki/Comes "Comes")* and sent to the [Danubian](/wiki/Danube "Danube") frontier with the task of rebuilding the border defences, neglected after Attila's death in 453\. In 454, he was recalled to [Constantinople](/wiki/Constantinople "Constantinople"), where he received the title of [*patricius*](/wiki/Patrician_%28ancient_Rome%29 "Patrician (ancient Rome)") in 454 or 455 and became one of the two *magistri militum* or *magister utriusque militiae* of the East. In 455, he received the honour of holding the [consulate](/wiki/Roman_Consul "Roman Consul") with the Western emperor [Valentinian III](/wiki/Valentinian_III "Valentinian III") as a colleague. This succession of honourable events – the wedding with Marcian's daughter; a promotion to an important military rank, but with administrative rather than military tasks; the prestigious rank of *patricius* and the highest military position; the consulate held with an Emperor as a colleague – suggests that Marcian had selected Anthemius as a possible candidate for the Eastern or Western throne. This hypothesis is strengthened by Anthemius' prestige misled the 6th\-century historian [John Malalas](/wiki/John_Malalas "John Malalas") to state that Marcian had designated Anthemius as Western Emperor after [Avitus](/wiki/Avitus "Avitus").John Malalas, *Chronicon*, 368–369, cited in Mathisen. In October 456, the Western emperor Avitus was deposed; Marcian probably considered Anthemius as his successor, but the Eastern emperor died in January 457 before choosing his colleague. Therefore, both empires had no emperor, and the power was in the hands of the Western generals, [Ricimer](/wiki/Ricimer "Ricimer") and [Majorian](/wiki/Majorian "Majorian"), and the Eastern *Magister militum*, the [Alan](/wiki/Alans "Alans") [Aspar](/wiki/Aspar "Aspar"). As Aspar could not sit on the throne because of his barbarian origin, he opposed Anthemius, whose prestige would have made him independent, and chose a low\-ranking military officer, [Leo](/wiki/Leo_I_%28emperor%29 "Leo I (emperor)"); in the West, as his barbarian origin barred Ricimer from the throne, it was Majorian who received the purple. Anthemius stayed in service under the new emperor; as *magister militum*, his task was to defend the Empire from the barbarian populations pressing on its border. Around 460, he defeated the [Ostrogoths](/wiki/Ostrogoths "Ostrogoths") of [Valamir](/wiki/Valamir "Valamir") in [Illyricum](/wiki/Illyricum_%28Roman_province%29 "Illyricum (Roman province)"). During the winter of 466/467, he defeated a group of [Huns](/wiki/Huns "Huns"), led by [Hormidac](/wiki/Hormidac "Hormidac"), who had crossed the frozen Danube and pillaged [Dacia](/wiki/Dacia "Dacia"). The raiders had conquered [Serdica](/wiki/Serdica "Serdica"), and Anthemius besieged the city until the starved Huns decided to accept open battle; despite the treachery of his cavalry commander (a Hun), Anthemius led his infantry to victory, and when Hormidac offered surrender Anthemius asked for the deserter to be given to him.Thompson, Edward Arthur, *The Huns*, Blackwell Publishing, 1996, , p. 170\.

Who is Anthemius?

Mitch English

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Introduction

* + **Mitch English** (born October 2, 1969\) is an American [morning](/wiki/Breakfast_television "Breakfast television") [talk show](/wiki/Talk_show "Talk show") host, [radio](/wiki/Radio "Radio") host/[personality](/wiki/Personality "Personality"), [comedian](/wiki/Comedian "Comedian"), [actor](/wiki/Actor "Actor"), [reporter](/wiki/Reporter "Reporter"), [weatherman](/wiki/Weather_forecasting "Weather forecasting") and [keynote speaker](/wiki/Keynote_speaker "Keynote speaker"). He is best known for being the host of the nationally syndicated morning television show, *[The Daily Buzz](/wiki/The_Daily_Buzz "The Daily Buzz")* from its launch in September, 2002\. He currently hosts the nationally syndicated television show, *The Daily Flash* based in [Orlando](/wiki/Orlando%2C_Florida "Orlando, Florida"), [Florida](/wiki/Florida "Florida"). English's goofy, often spontaneous comedy is heavily influenced by comedian [David Letterman](/wiki/David_Letterman "David Letterman"). He also worked at [WCBS\-TV](/wiki/WCBS-TV "WCBS-TV") in [New York City](/wiki/New_York_City "New York City"), filling in on\-air for [Dave Price](/wiki/Dave_Price "Dave Price").

What network did Mitch English work at in New York City?

Corcoran High School

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Athletics

Athletics --------- Corcoran participates in the Section 3 region of the [New York State Public High School Athletic Association](/wiki/New_York_State_Public_High_School_Athletic_Association "New York State Public High School Athletic Association") in the Central New York Counties League (CNYCL) (for most sports) in the AA division. In August 2007 Corcoran and 12 other high schools in Section 3 left the Onondaga High School League (OHSL) and joined the newly formed CNYCL. ### State championships * Girls Basketball \- 1993, 1998 * Boys Cross Country \- 1979, 1986, 1990, 1992, 1993 * Boys Hockey \- 2019

Which league did Corcoran leave to join the Central New York Counties League?

Abiy Ahmed

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Tigray War

### Tigray War In early November 2020, an [armed conflict](/wiki/Tigray_War "Tigray War") began after TPLF security forces [attacked the ENDF Northern Command](/wiki/Northern_Command_attacks_%28Ethiopia%29 "Northern Command attacks (Ethiopia)") headquarters, prompting the ENDF to engage in war. The ENDF was supported by [Eritrean Defence Force](/wiki/Eritrean_Defence_Forces "Eritrean Defence Forces"), [Amhara](/wiki/Amhara_Region "Amhara Region") and [Afar Region](/wiki/Afar_Region "Afar Region") special force with other regional forces, while TPLF was aided by Tigray Special Force which later became the [Tigray Defense Forces](/wiki/Tigray_Defense_Forces "Tigray Defense Forces"). Hostilities between the central government and the TPLF escalated after the TPLF rejected the central government's decision to postponing August 2020 elections to mid\-2021 as a result of the [COVID\-19 pandemic](/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ethiopia "COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia"), accusing the government of violating the [Ethiopian constitution](/wiki/1995_Constitution_of_Ethiopia "1995 Constitution of Ethiopia"). The TPLF carried out [its own regional elections](/wiki/2020_Tigray_regional_election "2020 Tigray regional election"), winning all contested seats in the region's parliament. In response, Abiy Ahmed redirected funding from the top level of the Tigray regional government to lower ranks in a bid to weaken the TPLF party. The central matter of the civil conflict, as portrayed by Abiy and as reported by Seku Ture, a member of the TPLF party, is an attack on the Northern Command bases and headquarters in the Tigray region by security forces of the TPLF, the province's elected party; though such a claim is contested. [thumb\|Map illustrating the [Ethiopian civil conflict](/wiki/Ethiopian_civil_conflict_%282018%E2%80%93present%29 "Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)") as of 2022; included are [al\-Shabaab attacks](/wiki/2022_al-Shabaab_invasion_of_Ethiopia "2022 al-Shabaab invasion of Ethiopia"), the [Tigray War](/wiki/Tigray_War "Tigray War") zone, and the redeployment of federal troops from the southeast to the north.](/wiki/File:Ethiopia_overall_conflcit_map_2020s.png "Ethiopia overall conflcit map 2020s.png") The Ethiopian government announced on 28 November 2020 that they had captured Mekelle, the capital of Tigray, completing their "rule of law operations". However, there are reports that guerrilla\-style conflict with the TPLF continues. About 2\.3 million children are cut off from desperately needed aid and humanitarian assistance, said the United Nations. The Ethiopian federal government has made strict control of access to the Tigray region (since the start of the conflict), and the UN said it is frustrated that talks with the Ethiopian government have not yet brought humanitarian access. These include, "food, including ready\-to\-use therapeutic food for the treatment of child malnutrition, medicines, water, fuel and other essentials that are running low" said [UNICEF](/wiki/UNICEF "UNICEF"). On 18 December 2020, looting was reported by [EEPA](/wiki/EEPA "EEPA"), including 500 dairy cows and hundreds of calves stolen by Amhara forces.[Situation Report EEPA HORN No. 30 \- 19 December](https://www.eepa.be//wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Situation-Report-EEPA-Horn-No.-30-19-December.docx.pdf) Europe External Programme with Africa On 23 November, a reporter of [AFP](/wiki/Agence_France-Presse "Agence France-Presse") news agency visited the western Tigray town of [Humera](/wiki/Humera "Humera"), and observed that the administration of the conquered parts of [Western Tigray](/wiki/Western_Tigray "Western Tigray") was taken over by officials from Amhara Region. Refugees interviewed by [Agence France Presse](/wiki/Agence_France_Presse "Agence France Presse") (AFP) stated that pro\-TPLF forces used Hitsats as a base for several weeks in November 2020, killing several refugees who wanted to leave the camp to get food, and in one incident, killed nine young Eritrean men in revenge for having lost a battle against the EDF. In his premature victory speech delivered to the federal parliament on 30 November 2020, Abiy Ahmed pronounced: "Related to civilian damage, maximum caution was taken. In just 3 weeks of fighting, in any district, in Humera, Adi Goshu, ... Axum, ..., Edaga Hamus, .... The defence forces never killed a single civilian in a single town. No soldier from any country could display better competence." On 21 March 2021, during a parliamentary session in which Abiy Ahmed was questioned on [sexual violence in the Tigray War](/wiki/Sexual_violence_in_the_Tigray_War "Sexual violence in the Tigray War"), he replied: "The women in Tigray? These women have only been penetrated by men, whereas our soldiers were penetrated by a knife". The public image of Abiy Ahmed is being rapidly re\-assessed by international media as increasingly grisly reports of atrocities emerge. The US Secretary of State, [Antony Blinken](/wiki/Antony_Blinken "Antony Blinken"), has been quoted as saying that he had seen "very credible reports of human rights abuses and atrocities", and that "forces from Eritrea and Amhara must leave and be replaced by 'a force that will not abuse the human rights of the people of Tigray or commit acts of ethnic cleansing'." In December 2021, [Declan Walsh](/wiki/Declan_Walsh_%28journalist%29 "Declan Walsh (journalist)") reported in *[The New York Times](/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")* that Abiy and Isaias had been secretly planning the Tigray War even before the former's Nobel Prize was awarded, in order to settle their grudges against the TPLF. According to researchers at [Ghent University](/wiki/Ghent_University "Ghent University") in Belgium, as many as 600,000 people had died as a result of [war\-related violence](/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Tigray_War "Casualties of the Tigray War") and [famine](/wiki/Famine_in_the_Tigray_War "Famine in the Tigray War") by late 2022\.

Who initiated the conflict in November 2020?

Makotuku

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Makotuku railway station

Makotuku railway station ------------------------ Makotuku railway station was on the [Palmerston North–Gisborne Line](/wiki/Palmerston_North%E2%80%93Gisborne_Line "Palmerston North–Gisborne Line"). Slow progress with the line from [Napier](/wiki/Napier_railway_station%2C_New_Zealand "Napier railway station, New Zealand") and [Spit](/wiki/Ahuriri_Branch "Ahuriri Branch") was criticised, after the extension of line opened from [Kopua](/wiki/Kopua_railway_station "Kopua railway station") (the previous temporary terminus) via [Ormondville](/wiki/Ormondville%23Ormondville_railway_station "Ormondville#Ormondville railway station") on 9 August 1880\. Makotuku remained the terminus until the extension south to Matamau on 23 June 1884, which required construction of what is now the long and high Matamau Viaduct. In 1884 Makotuku had two trains a day, one of which continued south to Matamau. Various sawmillers used the railway, including Grey \& Powers, Mr Gundrie, Mr Tower, Mathew \& Co and F Sidney. Initially the station would have been very spartan, as it wasn't until 25 August 1880 that authority was sought for furnishing the station and until 28 October to move Kopua goods shed to Makotuku and install a water supply. In 1881 a 5th class stationmaster's house, coal shed, and privy were added. From 1882 to 1918 there was a Post Office at the station. By 1884 there was an engine shed, but later that year there was a complaint when the goods shed was removed from Makotuku. By 1889 there was a x goods shed (extended to by 1904\). Stockyards were added in 1893 and by 1896 there was a [5th class station](/wiki/George_Troup_%28architect%29%23Standard_station_designs "George Troup (architect)#Standard station designs") with luggage room, platform, cart approach, cattle yards, stationmaster's house, urinals, [passing loop](/wiki/Passing_loop "Passing loop") for 35 wagons, extended to 80 wagons in 1940\. In 1898 sheep yards were added. In 1891 express trains started crossing at Makotuku. In 1904 the passing loop could take 34 wagons, extended in 1940 for 80 wagons. [Railway housing](/wiki/Railways_Department%27s_Housing_Scheme "Railways Department's Housing Scheme") was mentioned in reports in 1896 and 1937\. A verandah was added to the station building in 1911 and the platform was asphalted. In 1965 it was noted there was one light on the platform and one over the stockyards. In 1968 the crossing loop was lifted. Passenger services ended on 31 May 1976 and goods on Sunday, 20 July 1980\.*Names \& Opening \& Closing Dates of Railway Stations in New Zealand* by Juliet Scoble (2012\) By 1988 a small station building remained, but the platform had recently been demolished. In 2015 the loading bank remained and a single track runs through the station site.

In what year were railway housing mentioned in reports?

1,6-alpha-D-mannosidase

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Introduction

In [enzymology](/wiki/Enzymology "Enzymology"), a **1,6\-alpha\-D\-mannosidase** () is an [enzyme](/wiki/Enzyme "Enzyme") that [catalyzes](/wiki/Catalysis "Catalysis") the [chemical reaction](/wiki/Chemical_reaction "Chemical reaction") of separating the 1,6\-linked alpha\-D\-mannose residues in alpha\-D\-Manp\-(1\-\>6\)\-D\-Manp. This enzyme belongs to the family of [hydrolases](/wiki/Hydrolase "Hydrolase"), specifically those [glycosidases](/wiki/Glycosidase "Glycosidase") that hydrolyse O\- and S\-glycosyl compounds. The [systematic name](/wiki/List_of_enzymes "List of enzymes") of this enzyme class is **1,6\-alpha\-mannosyl alpha\-D\-mannohydrolase**.

What does 1,6-alpha-D-mannosidase catalyze?

Dreaming Award

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Background and description

Background and description -------------------------- The Dreaming Award was established in 2012 by the [Australia Council for the Arts](/wiki/Australia_Council_for_the_Arts "Australia Council for the Arts") "to support an inspirational young artist aged 18\-26 years to create a major body of work through mentoring and partnerships. The mentor/partner will be another established professional artist or arts institution nominated by the artist". the Dreaming Award is one of four categories awarded at the [First Nations Arts Awards](/wiki/First_Nations_Arts_Awards "First Nations Arts Awards") (formerly National Indigenous Arts Awards) on 27 May each year, on the anniversary of the [1967 referendum](/wiki/1967_Australian_referendum_%28Aboriginals%29 "1967 Australian referendum (Aboriginals)"). The major award is the [Red Ochre Award](/wiki/Red_Ochre_Award "Red Ochre Award") for lifetime achievement.

What is the purpose of the Dreaming Award?

Conscientiousness

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Health and longevity

### Health and longevity According to a multi\-decade study begun in 1921 by psychologist [Lewis Terman](/wiki/Lewis_Terman "Lewis Terman") on over 1,500 gifted adolescent Californians, "The strongest predictor of long life was conscientiousness." Specific behaviors associated with low conscientiousness may explain its influence on [longevity](/wiki/Longevity "Longevity"). Nine different behaviors that are among the leading causes of mortality—alcohol use, disordered eating (including obesity), drug use, lack of exercise, [risky sexual behavior](/wiki/Risky_sexual_behavior "Risky sexual behavior"), risky driving, tobacco use, violence, and suicide—are all predicted by low conscientiousness. Health behaviors are more strongly correlated with the "conventionality" rather than the "impulse\-control" aspect of conscientiousness. Apparently, social norms influence many health\-relevant behaviors, such as healthy diet, exercise, not smoking, and moderate drinking, and highly conscientious people adhere the most strongly to these norms. Conscientiousness is positively related to health behaviors such as regular visits to a doctor, checking smoke alarms, and adherence to medication regimens. Such behavior may better safeguard health and prevent disease. The only known health benefits of low conscientiousness are relaxation and reduced anxiety.

Is there a correlation between conscientiousness and regular visits to a doctor?

Jebel Moya

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Dates

Dates ----- ### Frank Addison's dating Due to errors with stratigraphic information from the original excavations, Addison's original dating (1000\-400 BCE) for occupation and use of the site was inaccurate. He later modified the dates to between 400 BCE\-400 CE, coinciding with the [Meroitic](/wiki/Mero%C3%AB "Meroë") kingdom to the north. ### Rudolf Gerharz' dating In 1994, Rudolf Gerharz’ reinterpretation of the dating of Jebel Moya, based on Addison's data, included three more accurate time phases for the site. Phase I (5000 BCE) included occasional occupations at the site, and Dotted Wavy Line pottery. Phase II (3000\-800 BCE) included the majority of the graves at Jebel Moya, including burials in the western half, and many unspecified burials with no or few associated funerary objects from the eastern half. Phase III (800\-100 BCE) is potentially the first to feature trade items from the north, particularly metals, ceramics and glass. Phase III encompassed the remainder of the graves in the eastern half of Jebel Moya. Gerharz’ estimates for the second and third phases were incorrect; the absence of Meroitic wheel\-made pottery at Jebel Moya does not indicate the site's abandonment by 100 BCE, given the appearance of locally manufactured wheel made pottery. ### Current dating Current hypotheses posit that a network of craft communities allowed the spread of ideas and animals into central/south\-central Sudan between 6000 and 5000 BCE. All surviving site features, including graves, date in Phase II (ca. 3000\-800 BCE) and Phase III (800\-100 BCE). The main occupation at Jebel Moya is dated to 2300 BCE. The first conclusive evidence for burials at Jebel Moya dates to the mid\-first century BCE. Period 1, following Gerharz' Phase I, dates to the late sixth or early fifth millennium BCE. Period 2 dates between 2500 and 1500 BCE. It is inferred from surrounding economies to the north that during this period, the inhabitants of Jebel Moya were pastoral or agro\-pastoral. Period 3 dates between 100 BCE and 500 CE, during which the majority of the burials were interred. [Accelerator Mass Spectrometry](/wiki/Mass_spectrometry "Mass spectrometry") dating of bone samples from Jebel Moya were unsuccessful due to lack of collagen. [OSL](/wiki/Optically_stimulated_luminescence "Optically stimulated luminescence") dating of pottery is the first absolute date from Jebel Moya.

What kind of dating was unsuccessful due to lack of collagen at Jebel Moya?

Listed buildings in Easington, Lancashire

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Introduction

[Easington](/wiki/Easington%2C_Lancashire "Easington, Lancashire") is a [civil parish](/wiki/Civil_parishes_in_England "Civil parishes in England") in [Ribble Valley](/wiki/Ribble_Valley "Ribble Valley"), [Lancashire](/wiki/Lancashire "Lancashire"), England. It contains nine [listed buildings](/wiki/Listed_building%23England_and_Wales "Listed building#England and Wales") that are recorded in the [National Heritage List for England](/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England "National Heritage List for England"). Of these, one is at Grade II\*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish is entirely rural. The oldest listed building is a [medieval](/wiki/England_in_the_Middle_Ages "England in the Middle Ages") cross base, and the most important is Hammerton Hall, a [country house](/wiki/English_country_house "English country house"). The other listed buildings are all farmhouses or farm buildings.

Where is Easington located?

Jamaica (disambiguation)

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Places

Places ------ ### United States * [Jamaica, Georgia](/wiki/Jamaica%2C_Georgia "Jamaica, Georgia") * [Jamaica, Illinois](/wiki/Jamaica%2C_Illinois "Jamaica, Illinois") * [Jamaica, Iowa](/wiki/Jamaica%2C_Iowa "Jamaica, Iowa") * [Jamaica, Queens](/wiki/Jamaica%2C_Queens "Jamaica, Queens"), [New York City](/wiki/New_York_City "New York City") + [Jamaica Avenue](/wiki/Jamaica_Avenue "Jamaica Avenue"), a street in Queens, New York City * [Jamaica, Vermont](/wiki/Jamaica%2C_Vermont "Jamaica, Vermont"), a New England town + [Jamaica (CDP), Vermont](/wiki/Jamaica_%28CDP%29%2C_Vermont "Jamaica (CDP), Vermont"), the central village in the town * [Jamaica, Virginia](/wiki/Jamaica%2C_Virginia "Jamaica, Virginia") * [Jamaica Beach, Texas](/wiki/Jamaica_Beach%2C_Texas "Jamaica Beach, Texas") * [Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts](/wiki/Jamaica_Plain%2C_Massachusetts "Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts") ### Cuba * *[Jamaica, Cuba](/wiki/Jamaica%2C_Cuba "Jamaica, Cuba")*, Guantánamo Province * [Jamaica, Mayabeque](/wiki/Jamaica%2C_Mayabeque "Jamaica, Mayabeque") ### Mexico * [Mercado Jamaica, Mexico City](/wiki/Mercado_Jamaica%2C_Mexico_City "Mercado Jamaica, Mexico City") (Jamaica Market)

What is the name of a market in Mexico City that goes by the name Jamaica?

High-speed rail

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United States

### United States [thumb\|The [Acela Express](/wiki/Acela_Express_%28trainset%29 "Acela Express (trainset)")](/wiki/File:Acela_2000.jpg "Acela 2000.jpg") In 1992, the [United States Congress](/wiki/United_States_Congress "United States Congress") passed the Amtrak Authorization and Development Act that authorized [Amtrak](/wiki/Amtrak "Amtrak") to start working on service improvements on the segment between [Boston](/wiki/Boston "Boston") and New York City of the [Northeast Corridor](/wiki/Northeast_Corridor "Northeast Corridor"). The primary objectives were to electrify the line north of [New Haven, Connecticut](/wiki/New_Haven%2C_Connecticut "New Haven, Connecticut"), to eliminate [grade crossings](/wiki/Grade_crossing "Grade crossing") and replace the then 30\-year\-old Metro liners with new trains, so that the distance between Boston and New York City could be covered in 3 hours or less. Amtrak started testing two trains, the Swedish [X2000](/wiki/SJ_2000 "SJ 2000") and the German [ICE 1](/wiki/ICE_train "ICE train"), in the same year along its fully electrified segment between New York City and Washington, D.C. The officials favored the X2000 as it had a tilting mechanism. However, the Swedish manufacturer never bid on the contract as the burdensome United States railroad regulations required them to heavily modify the train resulting in added weight, among other things. Eventually, a custom\-made [tilting train](/wiki/Tilting_train "Tilting train") derived from TGV, manufactured by [Alstom](/wiki/Alstom "Alstom") and [Bombardier](/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation "Bombardier Transportation"), won the contract and was put into service in December 2000\. The new service was named "[Acela Express](/wiki/Acela_Express "Acela Express")" and linked Boston, New York City, [Philadelphia](/wiki/Philadelphia "Philadelphia"), [Baltimore](/wiki/Baltimore "Baltimore"), and Washington, D.C. The service did not meet the 3\-hour travel time objective between Boston and New York City. The time was 3 hours and 24 minutes as it partially ran on regular lines, limiting its average speed, with a maximum speed of being reached on a small section of its route through [Rhode Island](/wiki/Rhode_Island "Rhode Island") and Massachusetts. As of November 2021, the U.S. has one high\-speed rail line under construction ([California High\-Speed Rail](/wiki/California_High-Speed_Rail "California High-Speed Rail")) in [California](/wiki/California "California"), and advanced planning by a company called [Texas Central Railway](/wiki/Texas_Central_Railway "Texas Central Railway") in Texas, higher\-speed rail projects in the [Pacific Northwest](/wiki/Pacific_Northwest "Pacific Northwest"), [Midwest](/wiki/Midwest "Midwest") and [Southeast](/wiki/Southeastern_United_States "Southeastern United States"), as well as upgrades on the high\-speed [Northeast Corridor](/wiki/Northeast_Corridor "Northeast Corridor"). The private higher speed rail venture [Brightline](/wiki/Brightline "Brightline") in [Florida](/wiki/Florida "Florida") started operations along part of its route in early 2018\. The top speed is but most of the line still runs at .

Where is the California High-Speed Rail project located?

Intervention and Neutralisation Groups

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Missions

Missions -------- The GIN's mission is: * Supporting law enforcement and riot control units during demonstrations or events * Support for territorial brigades to contribute to security and the preservation of public order * Operational support to members of the Special Response Detachment (SDR) or Task Forces (TF) in major crises * The fight against illicit trafficking * Intervention in Public Order Disorder Situations * The arrest of specialized criminal groups and gangs * The antigang * Escorting dangerous detainees or high\-profile individuals * The fight against terrorism and the release of hostages in a confined or other environment * The "hard" arrest in the homes of criminals

What kind of operational support does the GIN provide to special response detachments?

Boonville, Indiana

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2010 census

### 2010 census As of the [2010 census](/wiki/2010_United_States_Census "2010 United States Census"), there were 6,246 people, 2,549 households, and 1,647 families living in the city. The [population density](/wiki/Population_density "Population density") was . There were 2,867 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 97\.7% [White](/wiki/White_%28U.S._Census%29 "White (U.S. Census)"), 0\.5% [African American](/wiki/African_American_%28U.S._Census%29 "African American (U.S. Census)"), 0\.2% [Native American](/wiki/Native_American_%28U.S._Census%29 "Native American (U.S. Census)"), 0\.1% [Asian](/wiki/Asian_%28U.S._Census%29 "Asian (U.S. Census)"), 0\.4% from [other races](/wiki/Race_%28U.S._Census%29 "Race (U.S. Census)"), and 1\.1% from two or more races. [Hispanic](/wiki/Hispanic_%28U.S._Census%29 "Hispanic (U.S. Census)") or [Latino](/wiki/Latino_%28U.S._Census%29 "Latino (U.S. Census)") of any race were 1\.2% of the population. There were 2,549 households, of which 31\.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47\.0% were [married couples](/wiki/Marriage "Marriage") living together, 13\.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 4\.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35\.4% were non\-families. 31\.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15\.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2\.39 and the average family size was 2\.97\. The median age in the city was 39\.4 years. 23\.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 7\.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25\.8% were from 25 to 44; 25\.4% were from 45 to 64; and 18% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46\.3% male and 53\.7% female.

What is the average household size in the city?

Park Mun-su

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Introduction

**Park Mun\-su** (; 1691–1756\), also known as **Bak Munsu**, was a [Korean](/wiki/Korea "Korea") government official in the period of [King Yeongjo](/wiki/Yeongjo_of_Joseon "Yeongjo of Joseon") in the [Joseon](/wiki/Joseon "Joseon") period. He was famous for the lifetime he spent protecting the Korean people from corrupt royal officials. Park passed the state examination in 1723 and later became a [secret royal inspector](/wiki/Secret_royal_inspector "Secret royal inspector") (*Amhaengeosa*; 暗行御史, 암행어사). He is the most famous secret inspector in the [history of Korea](/wiki/History_of_Korea "History of Korea"), and has become something of a legendary figure, with many legends surrounding his achievements. Bak was the son of Park Hang\-han, and a member of the Goryeong Park clan. His [art name](/wiki/Art_name "Art name") was **Gieun**, his [courtesy name](/wiki/Courtesy_name "Courtesy name") was **Seongbo**, and his [posthumous name](/wiki/Posthumous_name "Posthumous name") was **Chungheon**. Two portraits of Park Mun\-su have been preserved and are in good condition.

What position did Park become after passing the examination?

Allied Air Flight 111

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Flight

Flight ------ Allied Air Flight 111 was a flight from Lagos [Murtala Muhammed Airport](/wiki/Murtala_Muhammed_Airport "Murtala Muhammed Airport") to [Kotoka International Airport](/wiki/Kotoka_International_Airport "Kotoka International Airport") with 4 crew members aboard. It took off from Lagos at 19:04 local time and was cleared to flight level 240\. The flight operated under [instrument flight rules](/wiki/Flight_rules "Flight rules") (IFR). Weather was reported to be inclement, with turbulence reportedly present. As it was approaching Accra, the flight crew was told to descend to , and then ordered to climb to due to high ground. On approach to Accra, the captain decided to fly an [instrument landing system](/wiki/Instrument_landing_system "Instrument landing system") (ILS) approach. However, he later disconnected the [autopilot](/wiki/Autopilot "Autopilot") and decided to fly manually. During landing, the aircraft encountered [instrument meteorological conditions](/wiki/Instrument_meteorological_conditions "Instrument meteorological conditions") (IMS), with rain and zero visibility. The landing became unstable, and the aircraft touched down at a speed of . Thrust reversers and normal braking were deployed, but proved ineffective. The nose gear remained in the air, and did not touch ground until the aircraft flew into the perimeter fence. The aircraft overran the runway and impacted the field's threshold lights and [approach lights](/wiki/Approach_lighting_system "Approach lighting system"). It then destroyed the ILS localizer, the debris from which struck a passing taxi cab, causing an injury to its occupant. The aircraft then entered crowded Giffard Road, and crushed a minibus with 10 people on board. All aboard were killed. The plane then uprooted a tree, and stopped in an open area near El\-Wak Stadium. All 4 crew members survived the accident with minor injuries.

Under what conditions did the aircraft encounter instrument meteorological conditions?

Brianna

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Breanna

### Breanna * [Breanna Clark](/wiki/Breanna_Clark "Breanna Clark") (born 1994\), American Paralympic relay runner * [Breanna Conrad](/wiki/Breanna_Conrad "Breanna Conrad") (born 1989\), American television personality * [Breanna Hargrave](/wiki/Breanna_Hargrave "Breanna Hargrave") (born 1982\), Australian track cyclist * [Breanna Koenen](/wiki/Breanna_Koenen "Breanna Koenen") (born 1994\), Australian rules footballer * [Breanna Labadan](/wiki/Breanna_Labadan "Breanna Labadan") (born 2006\), Filipina gymnast * [Breanna Leslie](/wiki/Breanna_Leslie "Breanna Leslie") (born 1991\), American pentathlete, heptathlete, and hurdler * [Breanna Myles](/wiki/Breanna_Myles "Breanna Myles") (born 2003\), American beauty pageant titleholder * [Breanna Sinclairé](/wiki/Breanna_Sinclair%C3%A9 "Breanna Sinclairé") (born 1991\), American singer * [Breanna Stewart](/wiki/Breanna_Stewart "Breanna Stewart") (born 1994\), American basketball player * [Breanna Yde](/wiki/Breanna_Yde "Breanna Yde") (born 2003\), American actress

What is Breanna Conrad's profession?

PHP Standard Recommendation

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Introduction

The **PHP Standard Recommendation** (**PSR**) is a [PHP](/wiki/PHP "PHP") specification published by the **PHP Framework Interop Group**. Similar to [Java Specification Request](/wiki/Java_Specification_Request "Java Specification Request") for [Java](/wiki/Java_%28programming_language%29 "Java (programming language)"), it serves the standardization of programming concepts in PHP. The aim is to enable interoperability of components and to provide a common technical basis for implementation of proven concepts for optimal programming and testing practices. The PHP\-FIG is formed by several PHP frameworks founders. Each PSR is suggested by members and voted according to an established protocol to act consistently and in line with their agreed upon processes. | Number | Name | Description | Editor | Coordinator | Sponsor | Status | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | PSR\-0 | Autoloading Standard | It describes the mandatory requirements that must be adhered to for autoloader interoperability. | N/A | N/A | N/A | Deprecated and substituted by PSR\-4 | | PSR\-1 | Basic Coding Standard | It comprises what should be considered the standard coding elements that are required to ensure a high level of technical interoperability between shared PHP code. | N/A | N/A | N/A | Accepted | | PSR\-2 | Coding Style Guide | It considers PSR\-1 and it is intended to reduce cognitive friction when scanning code from different authors. It does so by enumerating a shared set of rules and expectations about how to format PHP code. | N/A | N/A | N/A | Deprecated | | PSR\-3 | Logger Interface | It describes a common interface for logging libraries. | Jordi Boggiano | N/A | N/A | Accepted | | PSR\-4 | Autoloading Standard | It describes a specification for autoloading classes from file paths. It is fully interoperable, and can be used in addition to any other autoloading specification, including PSR\-0\. This PSR also describes where to place files that will be auto loaded according to the specification. | Paul M. Jones | Phil Sturgeon | Larry Garfield | Accepted | | PSR\-5 | PHPDoc Standard | The main purpose of this PSR is to provide a complete and formal definition of the PHPDoc standard. This PSR deviates from its predecessor, the de facto PHPDoc Standard associated with phpDocumentor 1\.x, to provide support for newer features in the PHP language and to address some of the shortcomings of its predecessor. | Mike van Riel | Phil Sturgeon | Donald Gilbert | Draft | | PSR\-6 | Caching Interface | The goal of this PSR is to allow developers to create cache\-aware libraries that can be integrated into existing frameworks and systems without the need for custom development. | Larry Garfield | Paul Dragoonis | Robert Hafner | Accepted | | PSR\-7 | HTTP Message Interface | It describes common interfaces for representing HTTP messages as described in RFC 7230 and RFC 7231, and URIs for use with HTTP messages as described in RFC 3986\. | Matthew Weier O'Phinney | Beau Simensen | Paul M. Jones | Accepted | | PSR\-8 | Huggable Interface | It establishes a common way for objects to express mutual appreciation and support by hugging. This allows objects to support each other in a constructive fashion, furthering cooperation between different PHP projects. | Larry Garfield | Cal Evans | Paul M. Jones | Abandoned | | PSR\-9 | Security Disclosure | It gives project leads a clearly defined approach to enabling end users to discover security disclosures using a clearly defined structured format for these disclosures. | Lukas Kahwe Smith | Korvin Szanto | Larry Garfield | Abandoned | | PSR\-10 | Security Advisories | It gives researchers, project leads, upstream project leads and end users a defined and structured process for disclosing security vulnerabilities. | Lukas Kahwe Smith | Larry Garfield | Korvin Szanto | Abandoned | | PSR\-11 | Container Interface | It describes a common interface for [dependency injection](/wiki/Dependency_injection "Dependency injection") containers. The goal is to standardize how frameworks and libraries make use of a container to obtain objects and parameters (called *entries* in the rest of this document). | Matthieu Napoli, David Négrier | Paul M. Jones | Jeremy Lindblom | Accepted | | PSR\-12 | Extended Coding Style Guide | It extends, expands and replaces PSR\-2, the coding style guide and requires adherence to PSR\-1, the basic coding standard. | Michael Cullum | Korvin Szanto | Alexander Makarov | Accepted | | PSR\-13 | Hypermedia Links | It describes common interfaces for representing a hypermedia link. | Larry Garfield | Matthew Weier O’Phinney | Marc Alexander | Accepted | | PSR\-14 | Event Manager | It describes common interfaces for dispatching and handling events. | Larry Garfield | | | Accepted | | PSR\-15 | HTTP Server Request Handlers | It describes common interfaces for HTTP server request handlers and HTTP server middleware components that use HTTP messages. | Woody Gilk | | Matthew Weier O’Phinney | Accepted | | PSR\-16 | Simple Cache | It describes a simple yet extensible interface for a cache item and a cache driver. | Paul Dragoonis | Jordi Boggiano | Fabien Potencier | Accepted | | PSR\-17 | HTTP Factories | It describes a common standard for factories that create PSR\-7 compliant HTTP objects. | Woody Gilk | | Matthew Weier O’Phinney | Accepted | | PSR\-18 | HTTP Client | It describes a common interface for sending HTTP requests and receiving HTTP responses. | Tobias Nyholm | | Sara Golemon | Accepted | | PSR\-19 | PHPDoc tags | It provides a complete catalog of tags in the [PHPDoc](/wiki/PHPDoc "PHPDoc") standard. | Chuck Burgess | | | Draft | | PSR\-20 | Clock | It provides a standard way of accessing the clock \- allowing interopability during testing, when testing behavior that has timing based side effects. | Chris Seufert | | Chuck Burgess | Accepted | | PSR\-21 | Internationalization | TBD. | Navarr Barnier | | | Draft | | PSR\-22 | Application Tracing | TBD. | Adam Allport | | | Draft | The PHP\-FIG official website has the PSR documentation that follows the RFC 2119 written by [Scott Bradner](/wiki/Scott_Bradner "Scott Bradner") in March 1997 at [Harvard University](/wiki/Harvard_University "Harvard University").

What is a coding style guide, and what does it cover?

1056

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Deaths

Deaths ------ * [February 10](/wiki/February_10 "February 10") – [Æthelstan](/wiki/%C3%86thelstan_%28bishop_of_Hereford%29 "Æthelstan (bishop of Hereford)"), English bishop of [Hereford](/wiki/Diocese_of_Hereford "Diocese of Hereford") * [February 11](/wiki/February_11 "February 11") – [Herman II](/wiki/Herman_II_%28archbishop_of_Cologne%29 "Herman II (archbishop of Cologne)") (or Heriman), archbishop of [Cologne](/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Cologne "Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cologne") * [June 16](/wiki/June_16 "June 16") – [Leofgar](/wiki/Leofgar_of_Hereford "Leofgar of Hereford") (or Leovegard), English bishop of Hereford, killed in battle * [August 31](/wiki/August_31 "August 31") + [Odda of Deerhurst](/wiki/Odda_of_Deerhurst "Odda of Deerhurst"), English nobleman + [Theodora](/wiki/Theodora_Porphyrogenita_%2811th_century%29 "Theodora Porphyrogenita (11th century)"), empress regnant of the [Byzantine Empire](/wiki/Byzantine_Empire "Byzantine Empire") * [September 10](/wiki/September_10 "September 10") – [William](/wiki/William%2C_Margrave_of_the_Nordmark "William, Margrave of the Nordmark"), margrave of the [Nordmark](/wiki/Northern_March "Northern March") * [October 5](/wiki/October_5 "October 5") – [Henry III](/wiki/Henry_III%2C_Holy_Roman_Emperor "Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor") ("the Black"), Holy Roman Emperor (b. [1017](/wiki/1017 "1017")) * [November 25](/wiki/November_25 "November 25") – [Flann Mainistreach](/wiki/Flann_Mainistreach "Flann Mainistreach"), Irish poet and historian * [Áed Ua Forréid](/wiki/%C3%81ed_Ua_Forr%C3%A9id "Áed Ua Forréid"), bishop of [Armagh](/wiki/Diocese_of_Armagh_%28Church_of_Ireland%29 "Diocese of Armagh (Church of Ireland)") ([Church of Ireland](/wiki/Church_of_Ireland "Church of Ireland")) * [Anselm of Liège](/wiki/Anselm_of_Li%C3%A8ge "Anselm of Liège"), French chronicler (approximate date) * [Benedict IX](/wiki/Pope_Benedict_IX "Pope Benedict IX"), pope of the [Catholic Church](/wiki/Catholic_Church "Catholic Church") (approximate date) * [Ekkehard IV](/wiki/Ekkehard_IV "Ekkehard IV"), Swiss monk and chronicler (approximate date) * [Hilal al\-Sabi'](/wiki/Hilal_al-Sabi%27 "Hilal al-Sabi'"), Buyid historian, bureaucrat and writer * [Leo of Ohrid](/wiki/Leo_of_Ohrid "Leo of Ohrid"), Byzantine archbishop and theologian * [Yahya ibn Umar al\-Lamtuni](/wiki/Yahya_ibn_Umar_al-Lamtuni "Yahya ibn Umar al-Lamtuni"), Almoravid chieftain

What position did Æthelstan hold?

List of jailbreaks by al-Qaeda affiliates

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Introduction

In 2013 a succession of successful jailbreaks by [al\-Qaeda](/wiki/Al-Qaeda "Al-Qaeda") led [INTERPOL](/wiki/INTERPOL "INTERPOL") to release a global alert calling for investigation of their role in jailbreaks in nine member countries. The following is a list of incidents in which sources have suggested the involvement of an al\-Qaeda affiliate organization in attempted jailbreaks, though the involvement of the organization and its affiliation with al\-Qaeda may remain uncertain. This list includes instances where officials have collaborated in the release of prisoners in exchange for the release of hostages taken for this purpose, whether they were taken within the prison or elsewhere. | Date | Freed | Dead | Injd | Location | Details | Affiliate | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1999\-12\-24 |3 1 17 | The hijacking of [Indian Airlines Flight 814](/wiki/Indian_Airlines_Flight_814 "Indian Airlines Flight 814") was used to persuade Indian authorities to release three militants in Kandahar, Afghanistan, who subsequently crossed into Pakistan. These militants were [Maulana Masood Azhar](/wiki/Maulana_Masood_Azhar "Maulana Masood Azhar"), who subsequently founded [Jaish\-e\-Muhammed](/wiki/Jaish-e-Muhammed "Jaish-e-Muhammed") in 2000, [Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh](/wiki/Ahmed_Omar_Saeed_Sheikh "Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh"), convicted in the murder of [Daniel Pearl](/wiki/Daniel_Pearl "Daniel Pearl"), and [Mushtaq Ahmed Zargar](/wiki/Mushtaq_Ahmed_Zargar "Mushtaq Ahmed Zargar"). | [Harkat\-ul\-Mujahideen](/wiki/Harkat-ul-Mujahideen "Harkat-ul-Mujahideen") | | 2001\-11\-01 |0 0 1 New York, USA | The FBI found evidence of a plan for an escape from the 10\-South wing of the [Metropolitan Correctional Center](/wiki/Metropolitan_Correctional_Center%2C_New_York "Metropolitan Correctional Center, New York") in New York. Despite warnings, [Mamdouh Mahmud Salim](/wiki/Mamdouh_Mahmud_Salim "Mamdouh Mahmud Salim") found an opportunity to attack a lone guard while uncuffed to gather files for a meeting with his lawyer. Salim first blinded the guard, Louis Pepe, with a spray of hot sauce, then stabbed him through the eye into the brain with a sharpened plastic comb. Despite massive injury, the guard resolutely maintained his hold on the cellblock keys, defeating the escape. Salim had planned to make an escape to the United Nations and to take hostages to exchange for other prisoners. | al Qaeda(founding member) | | 2003\-04\-11 |10 0 0 [Aden](/wiki/Aden "Aden"), Yemen | Ten prisoners suspected of membership in either al\-Qaeda or [Al\-Jihad](/wiki/Egyptian_Islamic_Jihad "Egyptian Islamic Jihad"), including [Jamal al\-Badawi](/wiki/Jamal_al-Badawi "Jamal al-Badawi") and [Fahd Al Qash](/wiki/Fahd_Al_Qash "Fahd Al Qash"), the two main suspects in [the attack](/wiki/USS_Cole_bombing "USS Cole bombing") on the , escaped from [Al Mansourah prison](/wiki/Al_Mansourah_prison "Al Mansourah prison") in Aden, Yemen. At the time of the escape the small maximum\-security prison held 85 inmates, and details of the escape were uncertain, but included cutting window bars. | | | 2003\-10 |41 Kandahar, Afghanistan | 41 prisoners including the brother of the Afghani defense minister escaped through a tunnel from [Sarposa Prison](/wiki/Sarposa_Prison "Sarposa Prison") in southern Afghanistan. Guards were bribed to assist in the escape. | | | 2006\-02\-04 |23 0 0 [Sana'a](/wiki/Sana%27a "Sana'a"), Yemen | A tunnel over 300 meters in length was dug from the women's prayer yard in [Al\-Awkaf Mosque](/wiki/Al-Awkaf_Mosque "Al-Awkaf Mosque") to the cells of [Political Security Central Prison](/wiki/Political_Security_Central_Prison "Political Security Central Prison") in Sana'a. An official list of 22 suspected al\-Qaeda members were reported to have escaped, most notably [Jamal Badawi](/wiki/Jamal_Badawi "Jamal Badawi") and [Fawaz Al\-Rabyee](/wiki/Fawaz_Al-Rabyee "Fawaz Al-Rabyee"), and a Yemen newspaper reported that [Mohammed Hamdi Al\-Ahdal](/wiki/Mohammed_Hamdi_Al-Ahdal "Mohammed Hamdi Al-Ahdal") had also escaped on the eve of his trial and that of 14 other suspects for terrorist activities including an attack on the . | | | 2008\-06\-14 |1,200 15 Kandahar, Afghanistan | Thirty Taliban fighters and two suicide bombers [attacked Sarposa Prison](/wiki/Sarposa_prison_attack_of_2008 "Sarposa prison attack of 2008"), the largest in southern Afghanistan, blowing up the prison's mud walls with an attack on the main gates, after which fighters armed with assault rifles and rocket\-propelled grenades entered the prison, opening the cells. | Taliban | | 2010\-07\-20 |4 0 0 Baghdad, Iraq | Four days after Americans handed over control of [Camp Cropper](/wiki/Camp_Cropper "Camp Cropper") to the Iraqi government, the warden of the prison and four senior al\-Qaeda leaders drove out of the base. | | 2011\-04\-25 |488 Kandahar, Afghanistan | Over several months the Taliban [dug a half\-mile long, three\-foot wide tunnel](/wiki/Sarposa_prison_tunneling_escape_of_2011 "Sarposa prison tunneling escape of 2011") with electricity and air pipes from a nearby house to a cell in Sarposa Prison. Guards left the inner cell doors open and did not check on the prisoners during the night, permitting nearly 500 to pass through the tunnel. | Taliban | | 2011\-06\-22 |62 1 2 [Mukalla](/wiki/Mukalla "Mukalla"),Yemen | Militants opened fire on the gates of al\-Munawara prison in southern Yemen, killing one guard and wounding two. Meanwhile, 62 inmates, many suspected to be al\-Qaeda members, used the distraction to escape through a tunnel. [Nasser Bakazzuz](/wiki/Nasser_Bakazzuz "Nasser Bakazzuz"), speaking for NGOs in [Hadramawt](/wiki/Hadramawt "Hadramawt"), accused the authorities of lying about the attack and simply releasing the prisoners. | [Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula](/wiki/Al_Qaeda_in_the_Arabian_Peninsula "Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula") suspected | | 2011\-09\-01 |35 | | [Mosul](/wiki/Mosul "Mosul"),Iraq | 35 prisoners crawled to freedom through a sewage pipe from a temporary prison in Iraq. Of these, 21 were rapidly recaptured with the help of U.S. aerial reconnaissance. The prisoners were local Iraqi militants rather than foreign fighters, leaving doubt whether they were associated with al\-Qaeda. | undetermined | | 2011\-12\-12 |14 0 0 [Aden](/wiki/Aden "Aden"), Yemen | 14 detainees awaiting trial, including 12 alleged al\-Qaida militants, escaped through a tunnel somewhere between six meters and 130 feet in length from the west end of Aden's central jail. | | | 2012\-01\-15 |0 13 10 [Ramadi](/wiki/Ramadi "Ramadi"), Iraq | A series of coordinated attacks took place in Ramadi as at least six suicide bombers stormed a counter terrorism unit building in an attempt to free several senior al\-Qaeda prisoners. Several car bombings and roadside bombs exploded before and during the suicide attack, which is the latest in a series of incidents during January. | | | 2012\-02\-16 |119 [Kogi State](/wiki/Kogi%C2%A0State "Kogi State"),Nigeria | On 16 February attackers stormed a prison in the central Kogi State, killing the warden and releasing 119 inmates, most of them members of [Boko Haram](/wiki/Boko_Haram "Boko Haram"). | Boko Haram | | 2012\-02\-24 |0 12 1 [Gombe](/wiki/Gombe%2C_Nigeria "Gombe, Nigeria"),Nigeria | Unidentified gunmen set off bombs in an attempt to help inmates break out of a prison in the northeast city of Gombe. After a lengthy firefight the attackers bombed a local police station, killing two officers. At least 10 others were killed in the violence, most of them civilians. Because this followed the week after another Boko Haram associated jailbreak, the group was suspected of involvement even though none of the prisoners were known to be members. | Boko HaramSuspected | | 2012\-08\-05 |0 0 0 [Abu Ghraib](/wiki/Abu_Ghraib "Abu Ghraib"), Iraq | Guards discovered a 20\-meter tunnel, dug with a frying pan and a broken ceiling fan by prisoners described as 'al\-Qaeda terrorists', when a guard heard the banging and scraping of the tools from under the concrete in the middle of the night. The tunnel included an air tube made out of drinks cans. The guards flushed the diggers out of the tunnel by filling it with water. | Islamic State of Iraq | | 2012\-09\-28 |50\+ 16 [Tikrit](/wiki/Tikrit "Tikrit"),Iraq | After exploding a car bomb at the main gate of the prison, gunmen dressed in police uniforms driving police vehicles entered an Iraqi jail and attacked the guards, killing 12\. They destroyed all of the prison documents including photos and identification documents, making it difficult for authorities to determine who had been released. Of the 300 prisoners present before the raid, at least 50 were at large the next day. The death toll increased to 16 in ensuing combat, and credit was taken by the Iraq wing of al\-Qaeda. | [Islamic State of Iraq](/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq "Islamic State of Iraq") | | 2013\-02\-22 |127 25 \-\- [Ganye](/wiki/Ganye "Ganye"),[Nigeria](/wiki/Nigeria "Nigeria") | Unidentified gunmen attacked at least 13 locations in Ganye, a city in Nigeria's northeastern [Adamawa State](/wiki/Adamawa_State "Adamawa State"), including the local police HQ, a bank and several local bars. At least 25 people were killed in the two\-hour assault, including the deputy chief of the local prison, where 127 inmates were freed. | [Boko Haram](/wiki/Boko_Haram "Boko Haram")Suspected | | 2013\-06\-01 |22 2 3 [Niamey](/wiki/Niamey "Niamey"),[Niger](/wiki/Niger "Niger") | Inmates at a prison in Niger's capital Niamey attempted to escape, killing two guards and injuring three others. Authorities were investigating how the group managed to get heavy weapons inside the building, which houses members of [Boko Haram](/wiki/Boko_Haram "Boko Haram") and other Islamist groups. On June 3, a government spokesman announced that a total of 22 people had escaped from the facility, including a member of [AQIM](/wiki/Al-Qaeda_in_the_Islamic_Maghreb "Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb"). | [Boko Haram](/wiki/Boko_Haram "Boko Haram")/[MOJWA](/wiki/MOJWA "MOJWA")Suspected | | 2013\-07\-21 |500 50\+ [Abu Ghraib](/wiki/Abu_Ghraib "Abu Ghraib") and[Taji](/wiki/Taji "Taji"), Iraq | Raids on the Abu Ghraib and Taji prisons released over 500 inmates. The Interior Ministry said that some of the guards had helped in the prison break from Abu Ghraib. More than 50 people, including 26 guards and Iraqi soldiers, were killed in the attack. The ministry's statement read: "There has been a conspiracy between some of the guards of both prisons and the terrorist gangs that attacked the prisons. That was one of the main reasons for the escalation of events which led to these consequences." The Ministry of Justice, meanwhile, said that 260 prisoners escaped from Abu Ghraib; of the 500 original escapees about 150 had been recaptured. | [Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant](/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant "Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant") | | 2013\-07\-27 |1,117 ? | [Benghazi](/wiki/Benghazi "Benghazi"),Libya | 1,117 prisoners escaped from Kuafiya prison after a riot and an external attack on the prison. Interpol requested investigation of whether the event was linked to al\-Qaeda jailbreaks occurring that week. | | 2013\-07\-29 |250 12 8 [Dera Ismail Khan](/wiki/Dera_Ismail_Khan "Dera Ismail Khan"),Pakistan | Fighters armed with mortars and grenades detonated small bombs to destroy the prison's perimeter fence and then took part in a firefight with security forces while chanting [Allahu Akbar](/wiki/Allahu_Akbar "Allahu Akbar") and "Long Live the Taliban." As a result of the raid, about 250 prisoners were freed and the dead included six police. A senior government official, Mushtaq Jadoon, said that "Police and other law enforcing agencies are busy in clearing the jail" and that a curfew was imposed on the city with residents asked to stay at home. The Pakistani military also deployed its forces to respond to the raid. | [Pakistani Taliban](/wiki/Pakistani_Taliban "Pakistani Taliban") | | 2019\-10\-13 |859 0 unknown [Ayn Issa](/wiki/Ayn_Issa "Ayn Issa"),Syria | 859 Isis members escaped after attacking guards and overrunning the gate. | [Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant](/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant "Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant") | | 2019\-10\-17 |2 0 0 [Qamishli](/wiki/Qamishli "Qamishli"),Syria | two Belgian ISIS fighters escaped from an SDF prison after a Turkish artillery shell hit the prison yard. | [Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant](/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant "Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant") | | 2020\-08\-02\-3 |768 29 50 [Jalalabad](/wiki/Jalalabad "Jalalabad"),Afghanistan | **[Jalalabad prison attack](/wiki/Jalalabad_prison_attack "Jalalabad prison attack")**\- Isis attack a prison in Jalalabad with a suicide bombing then attacked with fighter the battle for the prison lasted 20 hours in which 768 prisoners escaped. | [Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Khorasan Province](/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant_%E2%80%93_Khorasan_Province "Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant – Khorasan Province") | | 2020\-10\-20 |1,335 2 0 [Beni](/wiki/Beni%2C_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo "Beni, Democratic Republic of the Congo"),Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1,335 prisoners escaped after ISCAP attacked Kangbayi central prison and a military camp defending it. Only 100 prisoners remained after the attack and 20 were recaptured. | [Islamic State's Central Africa Province](/wiki/Islamic_State%27s_Central_Africa_Province "Islamic State's Central Africa Province") | | 2021\-3\-05 |400 7 unknown [Bosaso](/wiki/Bosaso "Bosaso"),Somalia | 400 prisoners were freed when al Shabaab stormed a jail in Bosaso, seven soldiers were killed in the attack. | [Al\-Shabaab](/wiki/Al-Shabaab_%28militant_group%29 "Al-Shabaab (militant group)") | | 2024\-7\-13 |500 8 18 [Mogadishu](/wiki/Mogadishu "Mogadishu"),Somalia | [**2024 Mogadishu prison attack**](/wiki/2024_Mogadishu_prison_attack "2024 Mogadishu prison attack")\- Al\-Shabaab claimed they freed 500 prisoners during the attempted jailbreak. | [Al\-Shabaab](/wiki/Al-Shabaab_%28militant_group%29 "Al-Shabaab (militant group)") |

What kind of problem does the text identify we have?

Ventura County Transportation Commission

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Bus

Bus --- In 2012, a Regional Transit Plan was developed that called for the creation of three subregional service areas: the [Gold Coast Transit District](/wiki/Gold_Coast_Transit "Gold Coast Transit"), serving the west county cities of Oxnard, Ventura, Port Hueneme, Ojai and unincorporated areas; the [Heritage Valley Transit Service](/wiki/Heritage_Valley_Transit_Service "Heritage Valley Transit Service") serving Fillmore, Santa Paula and Piru; and a less formal east county transit agreement covering Moorpark, Simi Valley, Thousand Oaks, Camarillo and unincorporated areas. The commission would continue to oversee the intercity bus system, [Ventura Intercity Service Transit Authority](/wiki/Ventura_Intercity_Service_Transit_Authority "Ventura Intercity Service Transit Authority").Harris, Mike (November 7, 2014\) ["Fillmore company loses bid for transit contract"](http://www.vcstar.com/news/local-news/fillmore/fillmore-company-loses-bid-for-transit-contract_05246919) *[Ventura County Star](/wiki/Ventura_County_Star "Ventura County Star")* In 2015, the commission oversaw the creation of the Heritage Valley Transit Service and the beginning of four fixed\-route bus lines in Fillmore, Santa Paula and Piru using 16\-seat buses. The *Valley Express* was established under a cooperative agreement between the cities of Fillmore Santa Paula, the county of Ventura (Piru and unincorporated areas) and the commission.

What is the name of the fixed-route bus line established in Fillmore, Santa Paula, and Piru?

Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2014

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Before Eurovision

Before Eurovision ----------------- ### Artist selection On 11 January 2014, IBA announced that [Mei Finegold](/wiki/Mei_Finegold "Mei Finegold") was selected as the Israeli representative for the Eurovision Song Contest 2014\. A special committee consisting of music industry professionals considered sixteen artists, of which [Maya Bouskilla](/wiki/Maya_Bouskilla "Maya Bouskilla") and Ella Doron were highly considered before Finegold was ultimately selected. The members of the committee were Bracha Ofir (retired judge), Izchak Sonnenschein (Head of Israeli Eurovision delegation), Udi Bezalel (delegation member), Moshe Morad (director of 88FM), Tali Katz ([Channel 1](/wiki/Channel_1_%28Israel%29 "Channel 1 (Israel)") music editor), Tal Argaman (music editor at 88FM), Leon Kichler (former vice president of OGAE Israel), Liron Ben\-Shimon (musician and producer) and Ofer Shafrir (show director). It was also announced that a national final titled *Kdam Eurovision 2014* featuring three songs would take place to select her song. ### Kdam Eurovision 2014 IBA opened the public song submission following the announcement of Finegold as the selected artist with the deadline on 28 January 2014\. 78 submissions were received at the close of the deadline, which were subsequently evaluated by the committee that shortlisted ten songs. Two songs were ultimately chosen from the public submissions while one was provided by Finegold for the competition. The official music videos for the three songs, all directed by Lior Nordman, were presented on 27 February 2014 during a special presentation programme broadcast on [Channel 1](/wiki/Channel_1_%28Israel%29 "Channel 1 (Israel)") and the public was able to vote for their favourite song through SMS until 4 March 2014\. The winning song, "Same Heart", was selected solely by the public vote and revealed during a special televised broadcast on Channel 1 on 5 March 2014\. | Draw | Song | Songwriter(s) | Televote | Place | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1 | "Same Heart" | Rami Talmid | 55% | 1 || 2 | "Nish'eret Iti" () | Loren de Paz, Chen Metzger Eder | 40% | 2 | | 3 | "Be Proud" | Mei Finegold | 5% | 3 |

Who directed the official music videos for the three songs?

Daniel Romanchuk

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Marathon racing

Marathon racing --------------- Romanchuk entered and finished the [Baltimore Marathon](/wiki/Baltimore_Marathon "Baltimore Marathon"), his first, at the age of 14\. In April 2018, he placed 3rd in the [London Marathon](/wiki/London_Marathon "London Marathon"). In October 2018, Romanchuk won the [Chicago Marathon](/wiki/Chicago_Marathon "Chicago Marathon") with a time of 1:31:34; he beat defending champion [Marcel Hug](/wiki/Marcel_Hug "Marcel Hug") by one second. Less than a month later, he became the first American winner and youngest winner in the history of the New York Marathon's wheelchair event, again defeating Hug (who had won in 2016 and 2017\), and again by just one second. In 2019, Romanchuk won the [Boston Marathon](/wiki/Boston_Marathon "Boston Marathon") in 1:21:36\. He became the youngest ever winner of that race, as well as the first American to win Boston since 1993\. In April 2019, he won the London Marathon with a time of 1:33:38\. In 2019 he also won the [Chicago Marathon](/wiki/2019_Chicago_Marathon "2019 Chicago Marathon") and he qualified to [represent the United States](/wiki/United_States_at_the_2020_Summer_Paralympics "United States at the 2020 Summer Paralympics") at the [2020 Summer Paralympics](/wiki/2020_Summer_Paralympics "2020 Summer Paralympics") held in Tokyo, Japan. He won the bronze medal in the [men's marathon T54](/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2020_Summer_Paralympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_marathon_T54 "Athletics at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Men's marathon T54") event. In October 2022, Romanchuk placed second in the [2022 London Marathon](/wiki/2022_London_Marathon "2022 London Marathon"), with a time of 1:24:40, two seconds behind Hug.

How did Romanchuk win the Chicago Marathon in October 2018?

Luton

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Sport

### Sport [thumb\|Kenilworth Stand at [Kenilworth Road](/wiki/Kenilworth_Road "Kenilworth Road"), home to [Luton Town Football Club](/wiki/Luton_Town_FC "Luton Town FC")](/wiki/File:Kenilworth_Stand_at_Kenilworth_Road%2C_2006.jpg "Kenilworth Stand at Kenilworth Road, 2006.jpg") Luton has a wide range of sports clubs. It is the home town of [Luton Town Football Club](/wiki/Luton_Town_FC "Luton Town FC") which in May 2023 achieved promotion to the English [Premier League](/wiki/Premier_League "Premier League") for the first time in their history which also includes several spells in the top flight of the English league as well as a [League Cup](/wiki/EFL_Cup "EFL Cup") triumph in [1988](/wiki/1987%E2%80%9388_Football_League_Cup "1987–88 Football League Cup"). They play at [Kenilworth Road](/wiki/Kenilworth_Road "Kenilworth Road"), their home since 1905, with a new larger capacity stadium known as [Power Court](/wiki/Power_Court_Stadium "Power Court Stadium") under construction. Their nickname, 'The Hatters', dates back to when Luton had a substantial [millinery](/wiki/Hatmaking "Hatmaking") industry, and their logo is based on the town's coat of arms. [Bedfordshire County Cricket Club](/wiki/Bedfordshire_County_Cricket_Club "Bedfordshire County Cricket Club") is based at Wardown Park and is one of the [county](/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England "Historic counties of England") clubs which make up the [Minor Counties](/wiki/Minor_counties_of_English_cricket "Minor counties of English cricket") in the [English](/wiki/England "England") domestic [cricket](/wiki/Cricket "Cricket") structure, representing the historic county of Bedfordshire. [Luton Rugby Club](/wiki/Luton_Rugby_Club "Luton Rugby Club") are a local [rugby union](/wiki/Rugby_union "Rugby union") club based on Newlands Road, by the [M1 motorway](/wiki/M1_motorway "M1 motorway") just outside [Stockwood Park](/wiki/Stockwood_Park "Stockwood Park"), who play in [London 1 North](/wiki/London_1_North "London 1 North"). [Speedway](/wiki/Motorcycle_speedway "Motorcycle speedway") racing was once staged at [Luton Stadium](/wiki/Luton_Stadium "Luton Stadium") from 1934 to 1937\.

How often was speedway racing held at Luton Stadium?

Jeff Fort

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The Blackstone Rangers

The Blackstone Rangers ---------------------- ### 1959–66 Around 1959, Fort and Hairston formed the Blackstone Rangers gang at St. Charles Juvenile Detention Center. The Blackstone Rangers originated as a small youth gang along Blackstone Avenue in the Woodlawn area, assembled to defend themselves against other gangs in the South Side. Hairston was the gang's leader with Fort as second in command. The Rangers fought rival gangs, especially the Devil's Disciples. During the early 1960s, Fort earned the nickname "Angel" for his ability to solve disputes and form alliances between the Rangers and other gangs. By the mid 1960s, Fort assembled a coalition of 21 gangs with about 5,000 members. He organized the coalition under a governing body called the "Main 21", composed of 21 gang leaders or "generals". As the Ranger organization grew, it became involved in community and political activism. The gang also received support from a [Presbyterian](/wiki/Presbyterian "Presbyterian") minister, Rev. John Fry, who advised Hairston and Fort how to manage their organization. In 1967, under Rev. Fry's guidance, Fort obtained a charter from the State of Illinois to form a political organization, Grassroots Independent Voters of Illinois. Fort's organization applied for and received a US$1 million federal grant from the now\-defunct [Office of Economic Opportunity](/wiki/Office_of_Economic_Opportunity "Office of Economic Opportunity") to fund a program to teach job skills to gang members. The Rangers also received grants and loans from private foundations. Unlike many gangs, the Blackstone Rangers were not considered outsiders but had been largely accepted by Chicago society, with Jeff Fort even receiving an invitation from President [Richard Nixon](/wiki/Richard_Nixon "Richard Nixon"), following the 1968 election, to attend the [1969 inaugural ball](/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Richard_Nixon "First inauguration of Richard Nixon"). Fort declined this invitation, sending his "top man" [Mickey Cogwell](/wiki/Mickey_Cobras "Mickey Cobras") and one of his "generals" in his stead.Timmerman, Kenneth. *Shakedown: Exposing the Real Jesse Jackson* (2002\).

Why did Fort decline President Nixon's invitation to attend the inaugural ball?

Deaths in October 2000

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27

### 27 * [Lída Baarová](/wiki/L%C3%ADda_Baarov%C3%A1 "Lída Baarová"), 86, Czech\-Austrian actress and mistress of the [Nazi](/wiki/Nazi_Germany "Nazi Germany") minister [Joseph Goebbels](/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels "Joseph Goebbels"), Parkinson's disease. * [Walter Berry](/wiki/Walter_Berry_%28bass-baritone%29 "Walter Berry (bass-baritone)"), 71, Austrian bass\-baritone. * [Winston Grennan](/wiki/Winston_Grennan "Winston Grennan"), 56, Jamaican drummer, cancer. * [Bill O'Neill](/wiki/Bill_O%27Neill_%28American_football%29 "Bill O'Neill (American football)"), 90, American gridiron football player. * [Larry Rhine](/wiki/Larry_Rhine "Larry Rhine"), 90, American producer and screenwriter. * [Stanislav Sventek](/wiki/Stanislav_Sventek "Stanislav Sventek"), 69, Czech ice hockey player and coach. * [Bill Wainwright](/wiki/Bill_Wainwright "Bill Wainwright"), 91, British [communist](/wiki/Communist "Communist") activist. * [Clifford Dwight Waldo](/wiki/Dwight_Waldo "Dwight Waldo"), 87, American political scientist. * [Bob Weighill](/wiki/Bob_Weighill "Bob Weighill"), 80, English rugby player.

Who is Walter Berry?

'''Chiller Thriller'''

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Background

Background ---------- It aired classic movies from the [Universal](/wiki/Universal_Monsters "Universal Monsters") and [RKO](/wiki/RKO_Pictures "RKO Pictures") vaults, as well as films from other studios. It had no connection with the more famous movie program *[Chiller](/wiki/Chiller_Theatre_%28New_York%29 "Chiller Theatre (New York)")* on [WPIX\-TV](/wiki/WPIX-TV "WPIX-TV"), despite the similar\-sounding titles. Ted Mallie was the off\-screen announcer for most of its run, vocal Group "Children of the Night" with Mark Andrews performed Commercial breaks. "Chiller Thriller" was also the title of a Saturday night movie on defunct station KCND\-TV from as early as 1970 until the station went off the air in 1975\. It was on at 10 or 10:30 PM at various times. A day before KCND went off the air, the final movie was on August 30, 1975 and entitled "It Conquered the World" starring Peter Graves and Beverly Garland.

What was the title of the movie program that aired classic movies from Universal and RKO vaults?

Ridda Wars

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Yamamah

#### Yamamah [Ikrimah ibn Abi\-Jahl](/wiki/Ikrimah_ibn_Abi-Jahl "Ikrimah ibn Abi-Jahl"), one of the corps commanders, was instructed to make contact with [Musaylima](/wiki/Musaylima "Musaylima") at [Yamamah](/wiki/Yamamah "Yamamah"), but not to engage until Khalid joined him. Abu Bakr's intention in giving Ikrimah this mission was to tie Musaylima down at Yamamah, thereby freeing Khalid to deal with the rebel tribes of north\-central Arabia without interference. Meanwhile, Abu Bakr sent Shurhabil's corps to reinforce Ikrimah at Yamamah. Ikrimah, however, in early September 632, attacked Musaylima's forces before the reinforcements arrived, and was defeated. He reported his actions to Abu Bakr, who, both pained and angered by the rashness of Ikrimah and his disobedience, ordered him to proceed with his force to [Oman](/wiki/Oman "Oman") to assist Hudaifa; once Hudaifa had completed his task, he was to march to [Mahra](/wiki/Mahra_Sultanate "Mahra Sultanate") to help Arfaja, and thereafter go to [Yemen](/wiki/Yemen "Yemen") to help Muhajir. Meanwhile, Abu Bakr sent orders to Khalid to march against Musaylima. Shurhabil's corps, stationed at Yamamah, was to reinforce Khalid's corps. In addition to this, Abu Bakr assembled a fresh army of [Ansar](/wiki/Ansar_%28Islam%29 "Ansar (Islam)") and [Muhajireen](/wiki/Muhajireen "Muhajireen") in Medina that joined Khalid's corps at Butah before the combined force set out for Yamamah. Though Abu Bakr had instructed Shurhabil not to engage Musaylima's forces until Khalid's arrival, Shurhabil engaged Musaylima's forces anyway and was defeated. Khalid linked up with the remnants of Shurhabil's corps early in December 632\. The combined force of Muslims, now 13,000 strong, finally defeated Musaylima's army in the [Battle of Yamama](/wiki/Battle_of_Yamama "Battle of Yamama"), which was fought in the third week of December. The fortified city of Yamamah surrendered peacefully later that week. Khalid established his headquarters at Yamamah, from which he despatched columns throughout the plain of [Aqraba](/wiki/Aqraba_%28region%29 "Aqraba (region)") to subdue the region around Yamamah. Thereafter, all of central Arabia submitted to Medina. What remained of the multiple rebellions in the less vital areas of Arabia was rooted out by the Muslims in a series of well\-planned campaigns within five months.

What remained of the rebellions in Arabia after the defeat of Musaylima?

Mandore (instrument)

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Web pages

### Web pages * [Page (in French) explores differences between Mandore and Mandolino](http://www.lagougetlerabot.org/index.php?d=mandore) * [Page by the Ensemble Gabriele Leone compares "French Baroque" mandore with other baroque instruments](https://web.archive.org/web/20081112180522/http://ensemble-gabriele-leone.fr/egl/IMG/html/histomando_en.html) * [Many pictures of vintage mandolins and pre\-mandolins laid out side by side](http://www.mandolinluthier.com/history.htm) * [Meteora, Barlaam Monastery, King David's XVI\-cent. fresco with mandore.](https://vatopaidi.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/cebfceb9cebacebfceb3ceadcebdceb5ceb9ceb1-cf84cebfcf85-cebbceb1cebfcf8dcf84cebfcf85.jpg) * [Medici's court, musician with mandore.](http://www.scalarchives.com/web/dettaglio_immagine.asp?idImmagine=0106289&posizione=35&numImmagini=552&SC_Luogo=Galleria+Palatina%2C+Florence%2C+Italy&prmset=on&SC_PROV=RA&SC_Lang=eng&Sort=9) * [Meteora, Barlaam Monastery, King David's XVI\-cent. fresco with mandore.](http://www.exploringbyzantium.gr/EKBMM/Page?name=monument&lang=en&id=51&sub=680&sub2=349) * [Brief history with pictures; shows relationship between mandolin, gittern and mandore](https://web.archive.org/web/20100305204727/http://www.banjomandolinguitar.org/mandolin_hist1.htm) * [Picture of a Stradivarius mandolin or mandolino, from Cremona, Italy, 1680; very similar to the mandore](http://www.mandolincafe.com/forum/album.php?albumid=176&attachmentid=51890) * [Comparisons of mandolin type instruments](http://www.atlasofpluckedinstruments.com/mandolins.htm) * [Music for the mandore](https://web.archive.org/web/20100622043611/http://www.library.appstate.edu/music/lute/mandora.html) * [Mandore's History](http://www.accordsnouveaux.ch/de/Instrumente/Mandore/Mandore_Instrumente/Mandore_Instrumente.html) * [Old tabulatures for mandore](http://www.accordsnouveaux.ch/de/Instrumente/Mandore/Mandore_Musik/Mandore_Musik.html)

What is the difference between Mandore and Mandolino?

Spearhafoc

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Introduction

**Spearhafoc** was an eleventh\-century [Anglo\-Saxon](/wiki/Anglo-Saxon "Anglo-Saxon") artist and [Benedictine](/wiki/Benedictine "Benedictine") monk, whose artistic talent was apparently the cause of his rapid elevation to [Abbot of Abingdon](/wiki/Abbots_of_Abingdon "Abbots of Abingdon") in 1047–48 and Bishop\-Elect of London in 1051\.Dodwell:46 After his consecration as bishop was thwarted, he vanished with the gold and jewels he had been given to make into a crown for King [Edward the Confessor](/wiki/Edward_the_Confessor "Edward the Confessor"), and was never seen again.Dodwell:46–47\. As well as Goscelin and the monastic histories referenced below, Spearhafoc's career is covered in the [Anglo\-Saxon Chronicle](/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_Chronicle "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle"). He was also famous for a miracle which impacted his career. His name means "[sparrowhawk](/wiki/Eurasian_sparrowhawk "Eurasian sparrowhawk")" in [Old English](/wiki/Old_English "Old English") (*Speraver* in Latin).

Why was Spearhafoc famous for a miracle in his career?

They Made Me a Fugitive

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Cast

Cast ---- * [Sally Gray](/wiki/Sally_Gray "Sally Gray") as Sally * [Trevor Howard](/wiki/Trevor_Howard "Trevor Howard") as Clem Morgan * [Griffith Jones](/wiki/Griffith_Jones_%28actor%29 "Griffith Jones (actor)") as Narcy * [Rene Ray](/wiki/Rene_Ray "Rene Ray") as Cora * [Mary Merrall](/wiki/Mary_Merrall "Mary Merrall") as Aggie * [Charles Farrell](/wiki/Charles_Farrell_%28Irish_actor%29 "Charles Farrell (Irish actor)") as Curley * [Cyril Smith](/wiki/Cyril_Smith_%28actor%29 "Cyril Smith (actor)") as Bert * Phyllis Robins as Olga * [Vida Hope](/wiki/Vida_Hope "Vida Hope") as Mrs. Fenshaw * Eve Ashley as Ellen * [Jack McNaughton](/wiki/Jack_McNaughton "Jack McNaughton") as Soapy * [Maurice Denham](/wiki/Maurice_Denham "Maurice Denham") as Mr. Fenshaw * [Ballard Berkeley](/wiki/Ballard_Berkeley "Ballard Berkeley") as Inspector Rockliffe * [Michael Brennan](/wiki/Michael_Brennan_%28actor%29 "Michael Brennan (actor)") as Jim * Bill O'Connor as Bill * Lyn Evans as lorry driver * [John Penrose](/wiki/John_Penrose_%28actor%29 "John Penrose (actor)") as Shawney * Derek Birch as P. C. Murray * [Peter Bull](/wiki/Peter_Bull "Peter Bull") as Fidgity Phil * Gordon Court as Sergeant * Enid Cruickshank as Club Hostess * [Sebastian Cabot](/wiki/Sebastian_Cabot_%28actor%29 "Sebastian Cabot (actor)") as Club Proprietor * Ida Patlanski as Soho girl * Howard Douglas as Chief Warder * [Sam Kydd](/wiki/Sam_Kydd "Sam Kydd") as Eddie (uncredited)

Who plays Bert in this movie?

2022 Music Victoria Awards

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Industry Voted Awards

### Industry Voted Awards | Arts Access Amplify Award (for Deaf and Disabled acts) | The Archie Roach Foundation Award for Emerging Talent | | --- | --- | | **[Evelyn Ida Morris](/wiki/Evelyn_Ida_Morris "Evelyn Ida Morris")** Batts Between Mirrors [Nat Bartsch](/wiki/Nat_Bartsch "Nat Bartsch") Saint Ergo | **[Bumpy](/wiki/Bumpy_%28singer%29 "Bumpy (singer)")** Carissa Nyalu Jess Hitchcock MpathSoul – Monica Jasmine Karo [Pirritu](/wiki/Pirritu "Pirritu") | | Best Blues Work | Best Country Work | | **Checkerboard Lounge** Damon Smith High Ace [The Black Sorrows](/wiki/The_Black_Sorrows "The Black Sorrows") The McNamarr Project | **[Georgia State Line](/wiki/Georgia_State_Line "Georgia State Line")** [Lachlan Bryan \& the Wildes](/wiki/Lachlan_Bryan_%26_the_Wildes "Lachlan Bryan & the Wildes") [Michael Waugh](/wiki/Michael_Waugh_%28singer%29 "Michael Waugh (singer)") [Sherry Rich](/wiki/Sherry_Rich "Sherry Rich") [The Weeping Willows](/wiki/The_Weeping_Willows "The Weeping Willows") | | Best Electronic Work | Best Experimental Act or Avant\-Garde Work | | **[Harvey Sutherland](/wiki/Harvey_Sutherland "Harvey Sutherland")** OK EG Papaphilia Puscha Various Asses | **The Amplified Elephants** [Cat Hope](/wiki/Cat_Hope "Cat Hope") Female Wizard Nina Buchanan Rama Parwata | | Best Folk Work | Best Heavy Work | | **Kerryn Fields** Above The Bit Austral [Charm of Finches](/wiki/Charm_of_Finches "Charm of Finches") Ruby Gill | **Outright** Diploid ISUA Jalang Rinuwat | | Best Hip Hop Work | Best Jazz Work | | **MAMMOTH. \& Silentjay** Jaal Nomad SO.Crates Yung Shōgun | **[Barney McAll](/wiki/Barney_McAll "Barney McAll")** Claire Cross Johannes Luebbers Dectet [Peter Knight](/wiki/Peter_Knight_%28musician%29 "Peter Knight (musician)") [Sam Anning](/wiki/Sam_Anning "Sam Anning") | | Best Pop Work | Best Reggae and Dancehall Work | | **The Stroppies** [Confidence Man](/wiki/Confidence_Man_%28band%29 "Confidence Man (band)") June Jones Mug [Telenova](/wiki/Telenova "Telenova") | **JahWise** Jah Tung [Nicky Bomba](/wiki/Nicky_Bomba "Nicky Bomba") Shottaz | | Best Rock/Punk Work | Soul, Funk, RNB \& Gospel Work | | **Pinch Points** Dr Sure's Unusual Practice Jaala [King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard](/wiki/King_Gizzard_and_the_Lizard_Wizard "King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard") [Rolling Blackouts Coastal Fever](/wiki/Rolling_Blackouts_Coastal_Fever "Rolling Blackouts Coastal Fever") | **[Mo'Ju](/wiki/Mo%27Ju "Mo'Ju")** [Kutcha Edwards](/wiki/Kutcha_Edwards "Kutcha Edwards") Lance Ferguson Nikodimos Zretro | | MAV Diasporas Award (previously Best Global/Intercultural) | Best Producer | | **Charles Maimarosia** Ajak Kwai [Black Jesus Experience](/wiki/Black_Jesus_Experience "Black Jesus Experience") Hand to Earth Vanessa Estrada | **[Alice Ivy](/wiki/Alice_Ivy "Alice Ivy")** [Gab Strum](/wiki/Gab_Strum "Gab Strum") Oscar Dawson Stuart Mackenzie [Tim Shiel](/wiki/Tim_Shiel "Tim Shiel") |

What are the Industry Voted Awards?

Intergalactic Touring Band

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Introduction

[thumb\|right\|200px\|Intergalactic Touring Band Album Cover](/wiki/Image:IGTB-CD.JPG "IGTB-CD.JPG") The **Intergalactic Touring Band** (IGTB) was not an actual [music group](/wiki/Music_group "Music group") but rather a [science fiction](/wiki/Science_fiction "Science fiction") [pop music](/wiki/Pop_music "Pop music") [concept album](/wiki/Concept_album "Concept album") released in 1977 by the now defunct [Passport Records](/wiki/Passport_Records "Passport Records") in America and [Charisma Records](/wiki/Charisma_Records "Charisma Records") in England. The ensemble album featured many star performers from [progressive rock](/wiki/Progressive_rock "Progressive rock") and other genres, including [Meat Loaf](/wiki/Meat_Loaf "Meat Loaf"), [Ben E. King](/wiki/Ben_E._King "Ben E. King"), [Larry Fast](/wiki/Larry_Fast "Larry Fast") ([Synergy](/wiki/Synergy "Synergy")), [Percy Jones](/wiki/Percy_Jones_%28musician%29 "Percy Jones (musician)"), [Annie Haslam](/wiki/Annie_Haslam "Annie Haslam"), [Rod Argent](/wiki/Rod_Argent "Rod Argent"), [Marge Raymond](/wiki/Marge_Raymond "Marge Raymond"), [Peppi Marchello](/wiki/Peppi_Marchello "Peppi Marchello") ([Good Rats](/wiki/Good_Rats "Good Rats")),While credited as "Pepe Marchello" on the album, the correct spelling is "Peppi" as shown on the [Good Rats](/wiki/Good_Rats "Good Rats") [website](http://www.goodrats.com/peppi.htm) . and many others. The songs are loosely held together by an epic theme of [multi\-generational space travel](/wiki/Generation_ship "Generation ship") and human [space colonization](/wiki/Space_colonization "Space colonization").

What is the story behind the Intergalactic Touring Band album?

Atractaspis

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Description

Description ----------- Members of the genus *Atractaspis* share the following characteristics. Venom fangs enormously developed; a few teeth on the [palatines](/wiki/Palatine_bone "Palatine bone"), none on the [pterygoids](/wiki/Pterygoid_bone "Pterygoid bone"); [mandibles](/wiki/Mandible "Mandible") [edentulous](/wiki/Edentulism "Edentulism") anteriorly, with 2 or 3 very small teeth in the middle of the [dentary bone](/wiki/Dentary_bone "Dentary bone"). Postfrontal bone absent. Head small, not distinct from neck, covered with large symmetrical shields; nostril between 2 nasals; no loreal; eye minute, with round pupil. Body cylindrical; dorsal scales smooth, without apical pits, in 17 to 37 rows; ventrals rounded. Tail short; subcaudals either single or in two rows.[Boulenger GA](/wiki/George_Albert_Boulenger "George Albert Boulenger") (1896\). *Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History), Volume III., Containing the ... Viperidæ*. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiv \+ 727 pp. \+ Plates I\-XXV. (Genus *Atractaspis*, pp. 510\-511, Figure 36\).

Can you describe the mandibles in members of this genus?

High-speed rail

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Definitions

Definitions ----------- Multiple definitions for high\-speed rail are in use worldwide. The [European Union Directive](/wiki/Directive_%28European_Union%29 "Directive (European Union)") 96/48/EC, Annex 1 (see also [Trans\-European high\-speed rail network](/wiki/Trans-European_high-speed_rail_network "Trans-European high-speed rail network")) defines high\-speed rail in terms of: Infrastructure Track built specially for high\-speed travel or specially upgraded for high\-speed travel. Minimum speed limit Minimum speed of on lines specially built for high speed *and* of about on existing lines which have been specially upgraded. This must apply to at least one section of the line. Rolling stock must be able to reach a speed of at least 200 km/h to be considered high speed. Operating conditions Rolling stock must be designed alongside its infrastructure for complete compatibility, safety and quality of service. The [International Union of Railways](/wiki/International_Union_of_Railways "International Union of Railways") (UIC) identifies three categories of high\-speed rail: Category I New tracks specially constructed for high speeds, allowing a maximum running speed of at least . Category II Existing tracks specially upgraded for high speeds, allowing a maximum running speed of at least . Category III Existing tracks specially upgraded for high speeds, allowing a maximum running speed of at least 200 km/h, but with some sections having a lower allowable speed (for example due to topographic constraints, or passage through urban areas). A third definition of high\-speed and very high\-speed rail requires simultaneous fulfilment of the following two conditions: 1. Maximum achievable running speed in excess of , or for very high\-speed, 2. Average running speed across the corridor in excess of , or for very high\-speed. The UIC prefers to use "definitions" (plural) because they consider that there is no single standard definition of high\-speed rail, nor even standard usage of the terms ("high speed", or "very high speed"). They make use of the European EC Directive 96/48, stating that high speed is a combination of all the elements which constitute the system: infrastructure, rolling stock and operating conditions. The [International Union of Railways](/wiki/International_Union_of_Railways "International Union of Railways") states that high\-speed rail is a set of unique features, not merely a train travelling above a particular speed. Many conventionally hauled trains are able to reach in commercial service but are not considered to be high\-speed trains. These include the French [SNCF](/wiki/SNCF "SNCF") [Intercités](/wiki/Intercit%C3%A9s "Intercités") and German [DB](/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn "Deutsche Bahn") [IC](/wiki/Intercity_%28Deutsche_Bahn%29 "Intercity (Deutsche Bahn)"). The criterion of is selected for several reasons; above this speed, the impacts of geometric defects are intensified, track adhesion is decreased, aerodynamic resistance is greatly increased, pressure fluctuations within tunnels cause passenger discomfort, and it becomes difficult for drivers to identify trackside signalling. Standard signaling equipment is often limited to speeds below , with the traditional limits of in the US, in Germany and in Britain. Above those speeds [positive train control](/wiki/Positive_train_control "Positive train control") or the [European Train Control System](/wiki/European_Train_Control_System "European Train Control System") becomes necessary or legally mandatory. National domestic standards may vary from the international ones.

What is the preferred term used by the International Union of Railways for describing high-speed rail?

Walygator Grand-Est

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Other attractions

Other attractions ----------------- | Name | Type | Manufacturer | Built | Informations | | **Accrobranche** | [Tree climbing](/wiki/Tree_climbing "Tree climbing") | | 2013 | | | **Caribbean Boat** | [Swinging ship](/wiki/Pirate_ship_%28ride%29 "Pirate ship (ride)") | [Huss Rides](/wiki/Huss_Rides "Huss Rides") | 1992 | | | **G\-Lock** | Air Race | [Zamperla](/wiki/Zamperla "Zamperla") | 2014 | | | **Longchamps** | [Pony trekking](/wiki/Pony_trekking "Pony trekking") | [Soquet](/wiki/Soquet "Soquet") | 2008 | | | **Mistral** | [Wave Swinger](/wiki/Swing_ride "Swing ride") | [Zierer](/wiki/Zierer "Zierer") | 1992 | | | **Space Shoot** | [Space Shot](/wiki/Space_Shot_%28ride%29 "Space Shot (ride)") | [S\&S](/wiki/S%26S_Worldwide "S&S Worldwide") | 1998 | Closed from 2010 to 2012 | | File:Accrobranche jeux.jpeg\|''Accrobranche'' File:Caribbean\_Boat\_Walygator.jpg\|''Caribbean Boat'' File:Pony trekking.jpg\|''Longchamps'' File:MistralWalygator.jpg\|''Mistral'' File:Dark tower2013\.JPG\|''Space Shoot''

What type of ride is Caribbean Boat?

Thomas Hanley

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Introduction

**Thomas Hanley** ([fl.](/wiki/Floruit "Floruit") 1410s) was a [Canon of Windsor](/wiki/Dean_and_Canons_of_Windsor "Dean and Canons of Windsor") from 1412 to 1413*Fasti Wyndesorienses*, May 1950\. S.L. Ollard. Published by the Dean and Canons of St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle and [Dean of Tetenhale](/wiki/Dean_of_Tetenhale "Dean of Tetenhale").

Who was Thomas Hanley?

Benjamin Waller

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Early life and education

Early life and education ------------------------ Waller was born on October 1, 1716 at his father's Enfield plantation in [King William County](/wiki/King_William_County%2C_Virginia "King William County, Virginia") in what was then the [Colony of Virginia](/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia "Colony of Virginia"). His mother was Dorothy King, and his father, [Col. John Waller](/wiki/John_Waller_%28Virginia_politician%29 "John Waller (Virginia politician)") had emigrated from Britain, trained as a lawyer utilizing the legal library of Sir John Randolph and become a major landowner in the colony, as well as served in the [House of Burgesses](/wiki/House_of_Burgesses "House of Burgesses") as would this youngest son. Thus he was descended from what would later be called the [First Families of Virginia](/wiki/First_Families_of_Virginia "First Families of Virginia").Tyler His paternal ancestors had emigrated from [Newport Pagnell](/wiki/Newport_Pagnell "Newport Pagnell"), [Buckinghamshire](/wiki/Buckinghamshire "Buckinghamshire"), [England](/wiki/England "England"), the branch of a family long seated at [Beaconsfield](/wiki/Beaconsfield "Beaconsfield") and previously at [Groombridge Place](/wiki/Groombridge_Place "Groombridge Place"), [Kent, England](/wiki/Kent%2C_England "Kent, England").[Virginia Heraldica, William Armstrong Crozier, Published by the Genealogical Association, New York, 1908](https://books.google.com/books?id=nk4SAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA103) John Waller Esquire was one of the signatories to the Second Charter of Virginia in 1609\.[Second Virginia Charter, May23, 1609, The Avalon Project, Yale Law School Library, avalon.law.yale.edu](http://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/va02.asp) This man, Benjamin Waller, received a private education appropriate to his class.

What is the name of the county where Benjamin Waller was born?

List of Indiana Jones characters

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Introduced in ''Temple of Doom''

Introduced in *Temple of Doom* ------------------------------ ### Willie Scott [thumb\|upright\|Willie in *Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom*](/wiki/File:Wilhelmina_%27Willie%27_Scott_%28Kate_Capshaw%29.png "Wilhelmina 'Willie' Scott (Kate Capshaw).png") **Wilhelmina "Willie" Scott** ([Kate Capshaw](/wiki/Kate_Capshaw "Kate Capshaw")) is an American singer working at Club Obi Wan (a reference to *[Star Wars](/wiki/Star_Wars "Star Wars")* character [Obi\-Wan Kenobi](/wiki/Obi-Wan_Kenobi "Obi-Wan Kenobi")) in 1935 Shanghai who is caught up in Indiana's adventures and becomes his love interest. Unlike Marion, she is more of a [damsel in distress](/wiki/Damsel_in_distress "Damsel in distress"). According to the novelization, Willie was born in [Missouri](/wiki/Missouri "Missouri") to a wealthy family. However, in *Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom*, she tells Indiana that her father had been a [magician](/wiki/Magic_%28illusion%29 "Magic (illusion)") who had "made a lot of children very happy and died a very poor man". She moved to Shanghai when she was unable to break into Hollywood during the [Great Depression](/wiki/Great_Depression "Great Depression"). She also claims to know [Al Capone](/wiki/Al_Capone "Al Capone") (whom Indy met in 1920\) and [Frank Nitti](/wiki/Frank_Nitti "Frank Nitti"). She returns to the United States following her adventure. Spielberg liked the character of Willie, describing her: > Willie has led this pampered life and feels that's what's due her — to be cared for and looked after. She meets Indiana Jones, a person unlike anyone she has ever been involved with, and ends up going off with him. In the course of all their adventures, all of her earlier life is stripped away from her, and Willie must fall back on her own resources. She discovers that she is a very strong woman, a gutsy lady. Willie is a much different character than the woman [Karen Allen](/wiki/Karen_Allen "Karen Allen") played in *Raiders*. In *[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull")*, she does not appear physically, but appears in a photo in Indy's office. In an early script of the film called *Indiana Jones and the Saucermen of Mars*, written by [Jeb Stuart](/wiki/Jeb_Stuart_%28writer%29 "Jeb Stuart (writer)"), Willie was set to appear in Indy and Dr. Elaine McGregor's wedding, along with Sallah, Short Round, and Marion Ravenwood, but the script was rejected. In another early script, *Indiana Jones and the City of the Gods*, written by [Frank Darabont](/wiki/Frank_Darabont "Frank Darabont"), Scott was set to be mentioned by Indy, but this script was also rejected. Willie was named after Spielberg's dog. Spielberg wanted Willie to be a complete contrast to Marion, so Capshaw dyed her brown hair blonde for the part. Spielberg later married Capshaw in 1991\. A Willie figure was made by [LJN](/wiki/LJN "LJN") in 1984, but it was never released, although an unpainted metal miniature of her was made for a [TSR, Inc.](/wiki/TSR%2C_Inc. "TSR, Inc.") collection that year. She has appeared in two [Lego](/wiki/Lego "Lego") sets: *Shanghai Chase*, and *The Temple of Doom*. [Sharon Stone](/wiki/Sharon_Stone "Sharon Stone") and 120 other actresses were considered for the role of Scott. ### Lao Che **Lao Che** ([Roy Chiao](/wiki/Roy_Chiao "Roy Chiao")) is a Chinese gangster, the owner of Club Obi Wan, and Willie Scott's employer; his two sons, **Chen** and **Kao Chan**, are also prominent members of their father's gang. Che hires Indy to find the ashes of [Nurhaci](/wiki/Nurhaci "Nurhaci") and promises him a valuable diamond in return. Indy recovers the ashes and Che sends Kao Chan to steal the urn while Indy is sleeping to get out of paying him, but Indy retains the urn and severs Kao's left forefinger, letting him live. Indy shows up to Club Obi Wan to make the exchange; Che threatens Indy for the urn, but Indy takes Willie hostage to complete the exchange. Che gives Indy the diamond and an unknowingly poisoned drink; Indy gives Che the urn and drinks the poison, and Che offers the poison's antidote in exchange for returning the diamond. Indy gives him the diamond, but Che refuses to give the antidote, even when Indy takes Willie hostage again. Indy's friend, Wu, holds the gangster at gunpoint, but Chen shoots and kills him amidst a bunch of champagne bottles popping to mask the gunshot. Indy impales Chen with a skewer of pigeon flambé in retaliation and a gunfight ensues. Indy, Short Round, and Willie escape with the antidote and leave Shanghai, unknowingly on a plane owned by Lao Che. Che orders the pilots to parachute out of the plane in hopes of killing Indy when the plane crashes, but Indy deploys a raft and lands safely on the ground. In the Bantam novel *Indiana Jones and the Dinosaur Eggs*, Indiana meets Lao Che for the first time in 1933 at a nightclub he owns in Shanghai. Before the death of [Roy Chiao](/wiki/Roy_Chiao "Roy Chiao"), [Steven Spielberg](/wiki/Steven_Spielberg "Steven Spielberg") was planning to return Che in *[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull")*, but he declined the idea after Chiao's death in 1999\. [Ric Young](/wiki/Ric_Young "Ric Young"), the actor that portrayed Kao Kan, expressed interest in reprise his role of Kan in the movie, but he declined after Roy's death. ### Wu Han **Wu Han** ([David Yip](/wiki/David_Yip "David Yip")) is an old friend of Indiana Jones who holds Lao Che and his sons at gunpoint during the meeting at Club Obi Wan. He is shot and killed by Lao's son Chen. Max McCoy's prequel novel *Indiana Jones and the Dinosaur Eggs* detailed how Wu first met Indiana in 1914, during his trip to China with his father. Years later, he is studying [political science](/wiki/Political_science "Political science") when his parents and sister die in an [influenza outbreak](/wiki/Spanish_flu "Spanish flu"). Their ashes wind up in the possession of Lao, who uses the promise of a proper burial to force Wu into servitude. In 1933, Indiana meets Wu in Shanghai on his way to [Mongolia](/wiki/Mongolia "Mongolia"), and steals his family's ashes from Lao, securing his old friend's freedom. Indiana inspires him to study archaeology upon his return to school. Wu also aids Indiana in the 2003 video game *[Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Emperor%27s_Tomb "Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb")*, set just before *Temple of Doom*. He regularly arranges Jones's transportation. ### Short Round **Short Round** ([Ke Huy Quan](/wiki/Ke_Huy_Quan "Ke Huy Quan")) is a 12\-year\-old [taxicab](/wiki/Taxicab "Taxicab") driver in Shanghai, Short Round was orphaned [when the Japanese bombed Shanghai](/wiki/January_28_Incident "January 28 Incident") in 1932; he helps Indiana escape from Lao Che. He is essential in freeing Indiana and the Maharajah of Pankot from Mola Ram's psychic control. The novelization explains that Short Round was born **Wan Li** () in 1924\. Despite attending a [Christian school](/wiki/Christian_school "Christian school"), he respects [Chinese mythology](/wiki/Chinese_mythology "Chinese mythology"), and believes that the baby elephant that transports him in India is a [reincarnation](/wiki/Reincarnation "Reincarnation") of his brother Chu. He immigrates to the United States with Jones following his adventure. In the film, Short Round is frequently heard speaking the [Cantonese](/wiki/Cantonese "Cantonese") dialect of Chinese (despite being born in [Wu dialect](/wiki/Wu_Chinese "Wu Chinese")\-speaking Shanghai), as well as English. In an early script of *[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull")*, called *Indiana Jones and the Saucermen from Mars*, written by [Jeb Stuart](/wiki/Jeb_Stuart_%28writer%29 "Jeb Stuart (writer)"), Short Round (now an adult) was set to appear in the wedding of Indy and Dr. Elaine McGregor, alongside Sallah, Marion Ravenwood, and Willie Scott, but the script was scrapped by [George Lucas](/wiki/George_Lucas "George Lucas") and [Steven Spielberg](/wiki/Steven_Spielberg "Steven Spielberg"). Short Round was named after *Temple of Doom* screenwriters [Willard Huyck](/wiki/Willard_Huyck "Willard Huyck") and [Gloria Katz](/wiki/Gloria_Katz "Gloria Katz")'s dog. Lucas's initial idea for Indiana's sidekick was a virginal young princess, but Huyck, Katz, and Spielberg disliked the idea. Around 6,000 actors auditioned worldwide for the part; Quan was cast after his brother auditioned for the role. Spielberg liked his personality, so he and Ford improvised the scene where Short Round accuses Indiana of cheating during a card game. Quan had a martial arts instructor to help him on set. The character cameoed in an issue of [Marvel Comics](/wiki/Marvel_Comics "Marvel Comics")' [*The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones*](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_comic_books "Indiana Jones comic books"), rescuing Indiana from a pirate attack in the [Caribbean](/wiki/Caribbean "Caribbean"), before he returns to [boarding school](/wiki/Boarding_school "Boarding school"). *The Lost Journal of Indiana Jones*, published in 2008, detailed Short Round becoming an archaeologist and tracking down the Peacock's Eye (the diamond seen in *Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom **s opening sequence) to [Niihau](/wiki/Niihau "Niihau").*** He also appeared in the non\-canonical crossover story in *[Star Wars Tales](/wiki/Star_Wars_Tales "Star Wars Tales")*, where he and Indiana discover the remains of [Han Solo](/wiki/Han_Solo "Han Solo") in the crashed *[Millennium Falcon](/wiki/Millennium_Falcon "Millennium Falcon")* in the [Pacific Northwest](/wiki/Pacific_Northwest "Pacific Northwest"). A Short Round action figure was planned by [LJN](/wiki/LJN "LJN") in 1984, but was never released. However, an unpainted metal miniature of him was released by TSR that year. He appears in the 2009 [Lego](/wiki/Lego "Lego") sets *Shanghai Chase* and *The Temple of Doom*. *[Empire](/wiki/Empire_%28magazine%29 "Empire (magazine)")* named Short Round as their sixteenth favorite element of the films, explaining "you could argue that Shortie is the real hero of *Temple of Doom* – while the titular relic hunter is off searching for fortune and glory, it's Short Round's moral compass that keeps the adventure on the right track". In 2008, a poll conducted by movietickets.com to coincide with the release of *[Kingdom of the Crystal Skull](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull")* named Short Round "favorite Indy sidekick".[Favorite Indiana Jones Sidekick, According to Poll](http://blogcritics.org/archives/2008/05/07/175041.php) ### Chattar Lal Chattar Lal **([Roshan Seth](/wiki/Roshan_Seth "Roshan Seth")) is the Prime Minister of Pankot and personal representative and chief advisor of Maharaja Zalim Singh. He graduated from [Oxford](/wiki/Oxford "Oxford") and speaks English with a pronounced accent as a result, and also knows well Indiana's reputation. Like Indiana he was apparently forced to drink the Blood of Kali by Mola Ram, controlling him, and the young Maharaja. During the attempted sacrifice of Willie Scott, Lal is injured by Indiana when he gets caught in the wheel used to lower victims into the lava pit. He is last seen crawling away and collapsing but disappears after this. It is unknown if he escaped.**In an early script of the film, Lal was set to have a more important role, but the script was rejected. In another early script, Lal was intended to be killed by Indy throwing him into the lava pit, but the script was scrapped. In the novelization, Chattar Lal is thrown into the lava pit while in the film he is injured but he does not die, whereas in *[Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures](/wiki/Lego_Indiana_Jones:The_Original_Adventures "The Original Adventures")*, he is blown apart by a blast of heat caused by Indy and Short Round. ### Zalim Singh [Maharajah](/wiki/Maharajah "Maharajah") Zalim Singh **(Raj Singh) is the ruler of Pankot State. He is a young boy, probably a year or two older than Short Round. Despite considering the Thuggee an evil cult and vowing that they would never return, it is revealed that Singh is an unwilling member, having been forced to drink the Blood of Kali. During Indiana's fight against the chief Thuggee guard, Singh hinders Indiana by using a [voodoo doll](/wiki/Voodoo_doll "Voodoo doll"). He is stopped by Short Round, who burns him with a torch, releasing him from the Black Sleep of Kali. He atones for his crimes by telling Short Round how he, Indiana, and Willie can escape from the mines. He also apparently alerts British troops about the recent events, as he is seen among them when they arrive to battle the Thuggee after Mola Ram's death.**In an early script of the film, Singh was set to have a more important role, but the script was scrapped. ### Mola Ram [thumb\|Mola Ram endorsing a human heart as part of a sacrifice to [Kali](/wiki/Kali "Kali")](/wiki/File:MolaRam.jpg "MolaRam.jpg") Mola Ram **([Amrish Puri](/wiki/Amrish_Puri "Amrish Puri")) is the [Thuggee](/wiki/Thuggee "Thuggee") high priest and main antagonist of *[Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom")*. He has made Pankot Palace his lair and wants to use the five [Sankara Stones](/wiki/Sankara_Stones "Sankara Stones") to set up the reign of [Kali](/wiki/Kali "Kali"). To that end, Mola Ram enslaves the children of a village that had one of the Stones (the taking of it bringing his total to three). They mine for the other two and for gems to fund his cause in catacombs underneath the palace. He also [brainwashes](/wiki/Brainwashing "Brainwashing") people, including local politicians and royalty, with the "blood of Kālī Ma"—a [magic potion](/wiki/Magic_potion "Magic potion")—to make them devout followers (unless they are exposed to extreme pain, such as a burn). He forces Indy to drink the Blood of Kali, thinking that he could use Indy's archaeological skills to find other power artifacts in the world to bolster the Thuggee cult's power. He tries to get Indy to sacrifice Willie Scott as an act of supreme cruelty, but Short Round frees Indy of Kali's curse, Willie is rescued, and Mola Ram escapes through a hidden trap door under the Kali altar. Indiana eventually confronts Mola Ram over a nearby gorge, calling on the power of [Shiva](/wiki/Shiva "Shiva") to use the Stones against the evil cleric, who is burned by them and falls into the river, where he is devoured by [crocodiles](/wiki/Crocodile "Crocodile"). In the novelization, Ram's death is the same, but he returns to normal when he burns his hand on the stone; Indy tries to pull him to safety, but Ram falls to his death.**Mola Ram is named after an [18th\-century Indian painter](/wiki/Mola_Ram "Mola Ram"). Lucas wanted Mola Ram to be terrifying, so Huyck and Katz added elements of Aztec and Hawaiian human sacrificers, and European devil worship, to the character. To create his headdress, make\-up artist [Tom Smith](/wiki/Tom_Smith_%28make-up_artist%29 "Tom Smith (make-up artist)") based the skull on a cow (as this would be [sacrilegious](/wiki/Sacrilegious "Sacrilegious") to [Hinduism](/wiki/Hinduism "Hinduism")) with a latex [shrunken head](/wiki/Shrunken_head "Shrunken head"). Puri was chosen as Spielberg and Lucas did not want to cast a European actor and apply [dark make\-up](/wiki/Blackface "Blackface"). In the role, Puri resembles [Eduardo Ciannelli](/wiki/Eduardo_Ciannelli "Eduardo Ciannelli"), who played Thuggee cult leader in *[Gunga Din](/wiki/Gunga_Din_%28film%29 "Gunga Din (film)")*, the main inspiration for the film. In an early script of the movie, the burning Sankara Stones actually release Mola Ram from the same "Black Sleep of the Kali Ma" he inflicts on Jones before falling to his death, hinting that he may not have been in control of his actions. It was also intended that Mola Ram, after falling from the bridge, be killed by landing on the embankment below, followed by the crocodiles tearing apart his corpse. However, this script was scrapped and rejected. A action figure and an unpainted metal miniature of Mola Ram was released in 1984\. In 2008, Hasbro released several Mola Ram items as part of their Indiana Jones toy line, including a action figure, an Adventure Heroes figure, and a Mighty Muggs figure. A "One Coin" (caricature) figure of Mola, standing was released in Japan in 2008\. ### Chief Guard The Chief Guard **([Pat Roach](/wiki/Pat_Roach "Pat Roach")) is the ruthless, coldhearted commander of [Mola Ram](/wiki/%23Mola_Ram "#Mola Ram")'s [Thuggee](/wiki/Thuggee "Thuggee") guards and also helped oversee the enslaved children in the mines that were under Pankot Palace in 1935\. After releasing the children from the mines, Indy fought the chief on a conveyor belt leading to a rock crusher. Indy escaped, but the guard's sash became caught in the crusher's gears and he was dragged in and crushed to death.**### Captain Phillip Blumburtt Captain Phillip Blumburtt **([Philip Stone](/wiki/Philip_Stone "Philip Stone")) is a [British Indian Army](/wiki/Indian_Army_%281858%E2%80%931947%29 "Indian Army (1858–1947)") officer who commands troops of the 11th Poona Rifles. He is frequently sent to inspect Pankot Palace on behalf of the British government. He is alerted to the evil of Pankot Palace apparently by the young Maharajah to deal with the remaining Thuggees, whom Blumburtt's men kill so Indy and Willie can escape.**In an early draft of the film, Blumburtt was set to have a more important role, but the draft was rejected. [David Niven](/wiki/David_Niven "David Niven") was considered to play the role of Blumburtt, but died before production, so [Philip Stone](/wiki/Philip_Stone "Philip Stone") from *[The Shining](/wiki/The_Shining_%28film%29 "The Shining (film)")*, then [Delbert Grady](/wiki/Delbert_Grady "Delbert Grady"), was cast instead. Introduced in *The Last Crusade* -------------------------------- ### Herman Mueller Herman Mueller **(J. J. Hardy) is Indiana's fellow [Boy Scout](/wiki/Boy_Scouts_%28Boy_Scouts_of_America%29 "Boy Scouts (Boy Scouts of America)") in the 1912 prologue, who brings Indiana to the [Sheriff](/wiki/Sheriff "Sheriff")'s attention after his battle with outlaws for the [Cross of Coronado](/wiki/Francisco_V%C3%A1squez_de_Coronado "Francisco Vásquez de Coronado"). He reappears as Indiana's sidekick in the English and French *Young Indiana Jones* novels, which introduces his archaeologist father Herman Senior.**### Garth Garth**, also known as** Fedora **([Richard Young](/wiki/Richard_Young_%28actor%29 "Richard Young (actor)")), is a treasure hunter and archeologist, who appears in the 1912 prologue. Garth is the leader of a treasure hunter gang who find the Cross of Coronado in a cave deep in present day [Arches National Park](/wiki/Arches_National_Park "Arches National Park"). The Cross is stolen by a teenage Jones who uses his Boy Scout horse to get away. Garth and his men pursue Jones by car and follow him on a train. Garth, showing a good side for a brief period of time, saves Jones' life when Jones falls into a car carrying a lion, but then tries to reclaim the cross. Jones escapes with the cross with help from a magician's caboose, and runs home, with Garth smiling in admiration for Jones' courage and knowledge. However, Garth and the gang get the Moab sheriff on their side and Jones is told to give the cross back. Garth, however, consoles Jones, admiring the young man's attempts to claim it. He then gives Jones his fedora before walking out.**In an early draft of the film, Fedora was intended to be Dr. Abner Ravenwood, but the draft was rejected and scrapped. ### Henry Jones, Sr. Dr. [Henry Walton Jones](/wiki/Henry_Walton_Jones "Henry Walton Jones"), Sr. **([Sean Connery](/wiki/Sean_Connery "Sean Connery")) is Indiana's estranged father, who was distant from his son due to his obsessive study of the [Holy Grail](/wiki/Holy_Grail "Holy Grail") and its possible location. Captured by Nazis in 1938, he is rescued by his son, and in the process of racing the Nazis to the Grail's location, they become closer. [Alex Hyde\-White](/wiki/Alex_Hyde-White "Alex Hyde-White") stood in for Connery in the film's 1912 prologue, and the character was played by [Lloyd Owen](/wiki/Lloyd_Owen "Lloyd Owen") in *[The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles](/wiki/The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles")*, which showed his anger at his son running away to fight in [World War I](/wiki/World_War_I "World War I"). He also appeared in the *Young Indiana Jones* novels and the graphic novel *[Indiana Jones and the Spear of Destiny](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Spear_of_Destiny "Indiana Jones and the Spear of Destiny")* (set in 1945\). At the time of the events of *[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull")* in 1957, it appears the elder Dr. Jones has already died in 1951\.**### Walter Donovan [thumb\|300px\|Foreground: Vogel (left), Donovan (right). Background: Elsa Schneider](/wiki/File:Crusadebaddies.jpg "Crusadebaddies.jpg") Walter Donovan **([Julian Glover](/wiki/Julian_Glover "Julian Glover")) is an American businessman who desires the [Holy Grail](/wiki/Holy_Grail "Holy Grail") in order to achieve immortality and the main antagonist of *[Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade")*. He secretly works with the Nazis, and sends both Indiana and his father on the search for the Grail without their knowledge of his ties to Nazi Germany. He fatally shoots Henry in order to force Indy to clear the traps for him. After Indy does so, Donovan and Elsa follow him into a room filled with cups, one of which is the Grail. Donovan remarks that he is not a historian so cannot know what the true grail looks like. Elsa purposely chooses a false grail – a bejeweled gold cup – for Donovan, who falls for her deception, remarking that it "certainly is the cup of the King of Kings". When he drinks from the false grail, he ages so rapidly that his body crumbles to a skeleton and then dust in seconds.**Glover enjoyed playing the part because of the character's ambiguous nature: > "What would you do, if you had the chance of having eternal life? That's quite a question. Where would you draw the line? People say \[Donovan] was a Nazi, he wasn't a Nazi, he joined the Nazi Party in order to investigate its property, and he bloody nearly got that. Only because he was greedy did he \[fall]. This is an advice for you \[the viewer]: always choose the [pewter](/wiki/Pewter "Pewter") cup. It applies to everything. An allegory for life." In an early script of the film, Donovan's surname was set to be Walter Chandler, and he was set to die in [Hatay](/wiki/Hatay_State "Hatay State"), when the Nazi tank falls off a cliff (a fate that would later go to Ernst Vogel), but the script was changed. The character of Walter Donovan was partially based on [Irish American](/wiki/Irish_American "Irish American") businessman and politician [Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr.](/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy%2C_Sr. "Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr."), father of the 35th President of the United States [John F. Kennedy](/wiki/John_F._Kennedy "John F. Kennedy"). Kennedy Sr. was the [United States Ambassador to Great Britain](/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Great_Britain "United States Ambassador to Great Britain") during the 1930s and was known for his advocacy of [isolationism](/wiki/Isolationism_in_the_United_States "Isolationism in the United States") and [appeasement](/wiki/Appeasement "Appeasement") towards the [Third Reich](/wiki/Third_Reich "Third Reich"). [Isla Blair](/wiki/Isla_Blair "Isla Blair"), Glover's wife, cameoed as Mrs. Donovan in the scene where he and Indiana discuss the Holy Grail. The in\-joke was conceived by one of the producers. ### Panama Hat Panama Hat **(Tim Hiser and [Paul Maxwell](/wiki/Paul_Maxwell "Paul Maxwell")) is a minor villain who appears in the prologue of the film. He hired grave robbers to dig up the [Cross of Coronado](/wiki/Cross_of_Coronado "Cross of Coronado"), which is immediately stolen by a teenage Jones. A horse chase and pursuit on board a circus train follow. Indy escapes, returns to his home, and attempts to talk to his father, who rebuffs him. The Sheriff arrives with Panama Hat's men, and Indy is forced to give the Cross back. Panama Hat is seen taking back the cross and handing a stack of money to the gang.**In 1938 Jones steals the Cross again, this time on a ship, but is caught. He struggles with the villain's men and gets the cross back. Indy jumps off the ship as a giant fuel drum rolls wildly, falling directly onto a crate of TNT. The crate explodes, causing the entire ship to blow and seemingly killing Panama Hat and his crew, with the former's shredded hat floating past Jones. In the novelization of the story, it is stated that Indiana's final showdown with Panama Hat began because he got word from a worker of the villain that his boss had an affair with his wife and he wanted revenge. Jones realized it was a set\-up and was told by Panama Hat that he had been hit badly by the Great Depression and was auctioning off the cross to wealthy buyers. He got one deal from a buyer with a provision that said he had to kill Jones. Indy would later suspect the buyer was Walter Donovan. ### Elsa Schneider Dr. Elsa Schneider **([Alison Doody](/wiki/Alison_Doody "Alison Doody")) is the secondary antagonist of *[Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade")* and an Austrian archaeologist who desires the Grail, and like Donovan, keeps her involvement with the Nazis a secret. She is revealed to have seduced both Joneses, Henry first and then Indiana, and it is implied that she is more fond of the latter. Later, she deliberately picks a false grail for Donovan as revenge after he shoots Henry, and watches him decay into a skeleton before her eyes. Afterwards, she crosses the temple's seal with the Grail, causing the temple to collapse and her to drop the Grail as well as nearly falling into a chasm. Indy catches her, but she sees the Grail on a shelf of rock and greedily reaches for it despite Indy's warnings. Her hand that Indy is holding slips out of its leather glove, causing her to fall to her death. According to Doody, Elsa's role as a [femme fatale](/wiki/Femme_fatale "Femme fatale") was an attempt to distance the character from Willie Scott.**In an early script of the film, Elsa was going to be the one who shot Henry Jones, Sr. in the Holy Grail Temple, and she was set to die after drinking from the False Grail (a fate that which would later go to Walter Donovan), but the script was changed. *[IGN](/wiki/IGN "IGN")* placed Elsa 33rd on their list of the best bad girls in film in 2008, while *[Empire](/wiki/Empire_%28magazine%29 "Empire (magazine)")* noted Doody "achieved the unlikely feat of making a Nazi sympathiser sympathetic". ### Kazim Kazim **([Kevork Malikyan](/wiki/Kevork_Malikyan "Kevork Malikyan")) is the leader of the Brotherhood of the [Cruciform](/wiki/Cruciform "Cruciform") Sword, an ancient organization protecting the secrets of the [Holy Grail](/wiki/Holy_Grail "Holy Grail"). Kazim initially attempts to kill Indy and Elsa by setting fire to the petroleum\-soaked waters of the [Venice](/wiki/Venice "Venice") catacombs in which they are searching for clues to the Grail. After Indy and Elsa escape the catacombs, Kazim and his men chase them in speedboats and try to gun them down. Indy reluctantly saves Kazim from being cut to pieces in a boat engine propeller, and Kazim reveals his father's location after learning that Indy has no interest in finding the Grail. Kazim is later killed while leading an attack on a Nazi convoy closing in on the Grail. It was originally intended that when Kazim died, Elsa would step away and see her hands covered in blood (as a homage to *[The Man Who Knew Too Much](/wiki/The_Man_Who_Knew_Too_Much_%281956_film%29 "The Man Who Knew Too Much (1956 film)")*), but Spielberg was unsatisfied with each take. Malikyan was once in the running for the part of [Sallah](/wiki/Sallah "Sallah") in the first film, but traffic made him late to the audition.**In the early script of the film, written by [Jeffrey Boam](/wiki/Jeffrey_Boam "Jeffrey Boam"), Kazim was set to be an agent of Hatay, named Kemal, seeking the Holy Grail and an ally of the Nazis. Also, he was set to die after drinking from the False Grail (a fate that which would later go to Walter Donovan), but the script was rejected and changed. ### Vogel [Standartenführer](/wiki/Standartenf%C3%BChrer "Standartenführer") Ernst Vogel **([Michael Byrne](/wiki/Michael_Byrne_%28actor%29 "Michael Byrne (actor)")), also known as** Herr Oberst **(German for Mister/Lord Colonel), is an [SS](/wiki/SS "SS") officer who aids Donovan in finding the [Holy Grail](/wiki/Holy_Grail "Holy Grail"). His main objective is to kill the Joneses — whom he hates because Indy killed three of his men in Castle Brunwald — on direct orders from [Adolf Hitler](/wiki/Adolf_Hitler "Adolf Hitler"). Vogel discovers Jones Sr. on a German [Zeppelin](/wiki/Zeppelin "Zeppelin") bound for Athens, but Indiana throws Vogel out the window just as the Zeppelin is taking off. Later, Vogel and Donovan are heading towards the location of the Grail when Indiana ambushes their convoy. Indy and Vogel struggle on the back of a tank until it goes over a cliff. Vogel is killed in the ensuing crash.**In the early scripts of the movie, Vogel actually makes it to the Holy Grail Temple, and was set to be killed by getting crushed by a rock while trying to steal the Grail. Later, his death was changed to that of being beheaded by the Holy Grail Temple's traps (a fate that which would later go to a Hatayan soldier), but the scripts were changed. [Julian Glover](/wiki/Julian_Glover "Julian Glover") was the original choice to portray Vogel, but [Robert Watts](/wiki/Robert_Watts "Robert Watts") suggested him for Walter Donovan's role. ### Grail Knight The Grail Knight **([Robert Eddison](/wiki/Robert_Eddison "Robert Eddison")) was the youngest knight of three brothers set out to find the Holy Grail. In the late eleventh century, he and his two brothers (Richard and a third sibling) became Knights of the First Crusade. During their journeys in the Holy Land, they discovered the Holy Grail and protected it at the Temple of the Sun in the Canyon of the Crescent Moon for 150 years, using the Grail's power to extend their lifespans. As the bravest and most worthy, he was chosen to remain as the Grail's sole guardian while his two brothers traveled back to Europe, leaving behind two markers leading to the Grail's location. The Knight lived in a side chamber off of the inner sanctuary of the Temple of the Sun. In time, a cult of protectors, the Knights of the Cruciform Sword, formed around the presence of the Grail, but it is not known whether these people knew about the Knight.**In 1938, Indy enters the sanctuary. There the knight tries to fight him to determine who should protect the grail but falls from the weight of his own sword. Gracious in defeat, the knight tries to pass on the responsibility of protecting the grail to Jones, but is interrupted by the arrival of Walter Donovan and Elsa Schneider. Donovan asks which of the cups is the Grail. The knight refuses to tell Donovan, saying instead that they must choose wisely as a final test, and also warning them that any of the false grails will take their lives. Donovan drinks from a golden jewel\-encrusted grail, chosen for him by Elsa. He remarks that it "looks like the cup of the King of Kings", but it proves to be false and he crumbles into dust within seconds. The knight sympathetically says Donovan "chose poorly". Indy on the other hand selects a pewter grail (the cup of a carpenter) and is told he has "chosen wisely". The knight warns them that if they take the Holy Grail past the great seal they will forfeit their immortality. Elsa Schneider ignores the warning and falls into a chasm created by an earthquake. The knight is last seen waving goodbye to Indy as the temple collapses, but is also relieved that the Grail is safe now that it is out of reach to anyone. In the early scripts of the film, the Grail Knight was set to fight with Indy, but the script was changed. However, this idea was used in the level "Temple of the Grail" of *[Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures](/wiki/Lego_Indiana_Jones:The_Original_Adventures "The Original Adventures")*. ### Havelock Havelock **(Larry Sanders) was the Scout Master of the Boy Scout troop in which Indiana Jones and Herman Mueller were members by 1912\.**### Adolf Hitler [Michael Sheard](/wiki/Michael_Sheard "Michael Sheard") appears as [Adolf Hitler](/wiki/Adolf_Hitler "Adolf Hitler"), whom Jones briefly encounters at the book\-burning rally in [Berlin](/wiki/Berlin "Berlin"). Although a non\-speaking role, Sheard could speak German and had already portrayed Hitler three times during his career. ### Heinrich Himmler In the book\-burning scene, [Ronald Lacey](/wiki/Ronald_Lacey "Ronald Lacey"), who played Toht in the *Raiders of the Lost Ark*, cameos as [Heinrich Himmler](/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler "Heinrich Himmler"). ### Sultan of Hatay [Alexei Sayle](/wiki/Alexei_Sayle "Alexei Sayle") played the Sultan of Hatay. Introduced in *The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles* -------------------------------------------------- ### Anna Jones **(Ruth de Sosa) is the mother of Indiana Jones and the wife of Henry Jones Sr. Very little had been established about the character prior to production, so de Sosa was allowed to create many aspects of the character, in addition to the basics that had been established by Lucas.**In the series, Indiana is shown to have a strong relationship with his mother, whom he calls "the sweetest, smartest, most wonderful woman who ever lived".*[The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles](/wiki/The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles")*, "Young Indiana Jones and the Curse of the Jackal", 1992\-03\-04 In the unaired episode "Florence, May 1908" (later released as part of *The Adventures of Young Indiana Jones*: *The Perils of Cupid*), Anna briefly has an affair with composer [Giacomo Puccini](/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini "Giacomo Puccini"). She also reveals she is from [Virginia](/wiki/Virginia "Virginia").*The Adventures of Young Indiana Jones: The Perils of Cupid*, [VHS](/wiki/VHS "VHS"), 2000\-09\-19 Although it is explained she died of [scarlet fever](/wiki/Scarlet_fever "Scarlet fever") in the series,*The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles*, [American Broadcasting Company](/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company "American Broadcasting Company"), "Paris, September 1908", 1993\-06\-19 it is contradicted in new footage shot for the 1999 re\-edit, where Indiana explains she died of [influenza](/wiki/Influenza "Influenza").*The Adventures of Young Indiana Jones: Spring Break Adventure*, [VHS](/wiki/VHS "VHS"), 1999\-10\-17 In *The Lost Journal of Indiana Jones*, it is stated that Anna died on March 3, 1912, aged 33 years. She was first mentioned in passing in *Raiders of the Lost Ark*; Indy remarks Brody "sound\[s] just like my mother" when discussing the dangers of finding the Ark. In *Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade*, Indy's father Henry does mention that her death drove him and his son apart. Indy does believe that his mother "never understood" his father's obsession with the [Holy Grail](/wiki/Holy_Grail "Holy Grail"), though Henry says she supported him fully. In *Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull*, Indy indirectly mentions her, when he tells Mutt Williams (his son and her grandson) that people only get one mother and sometimes not for very long. Previously, the 1989 computer game, *[Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade: The Graphic Adventure](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Last_Crusade:The_Graphic_Adventure "The Graphic Adventure")*, came with a replica of Henry's diary which had named her Mary. More recent publications, such as the *Lost Journal of Indiana Jones*, rectify this by making Mary her middle name. ### Susie Jones Susie Jones **was the sister of Indiana Jones, daughter of Anna and Henry Jones Sr., along with posthumous aunt of [Mutt Williams](/wiki/%23Mutt_Williams "#Mutt Williams") and [Sophie Jones](/wiki/%23Sophie_Jones "#Sophie Jones"). Indiana and Anna mention her in "Peking, March 1910" (later edited into *Journey of Radiance*), where Susie is implied to have passed away from poor health as a baby.**### Frank Frank **(Stephen Graf) is the cousin of Indiana Jones, nephew of Henry Jones Sr., and son of Grace. He appears in the second half of *Young Indiana Jones and the Curse of the Jackal*, where he and Indiana go to Mexico, but get separated when Indy ends up meeting Pancho Villa. Frank's appearance was later edited into the second half of *Spring Break Adventure*, with Stephen Graf returning to shoot additional scenes for the bridging segments.**### Grace Jones Grace Jones **(Deborah Strang) is the mother of Frank, aunt of Indiana Jones, and sister of Henry Jones Sr. She appears in *Spring Break Adventure*. The character was created for the bridging segments, when they edited "Princeton, February 1916" and the second half of *Young Indiana Jones and the Curse of the Jackal* together.**### Remy Baudouin Remy Baudouin **([Ronny Coutteure](/wiki/Ronny_Coutteure "Ronny Coutteure")) is a Belgian who becomes the comrade\-in\-arms and best friend to the young Indiana Jones during [World War I](/wiki/World_War_I "World War I"). He meets the 16\-year\-old Indy in [Mexico](/wiki/Mexico "Mexico") while fighting under [Pancho Villa](/wiki/Pancho_Villa "Pancho Villa"): he joined the Villistas because his Mexican wife Lupe had been murdered by the [Federales](/wiki/Federales "Federales"). After seeing newsreel footage of the devastation of his country by the Germans in World War I, Remy resolves to return to Europe to join the Belgian army and defend his homeland, and Indy decides to join him. After fighting on the [Western Front](/wiki/Western_Front_%28World_War_I%29 "Western Front (World War I)") and being wounded, Remy wearies of life in the trenches and transfers with Indy to the Belgian forces fighting in Africa. They later transfer together to the secret service.**### Helen Seymour Miss Helen Seymour **([Margaret Tyzack](/wiki/Margaret_Tyzack "Margaret Tyzack")) is Indiana's tutor during his father's worldwide lecture tour from 1908 to 1910\. Miss Seymour had taught Henry Jones, Sr. at the [University of Oxford](/wiki/University_of_Oxford "University of Oxford"). In one of the final episodes broadcast in 1996, she dies just before Indiana returns to visit her in Oxford after the [war](/wiki/World_War_I "World War I") has ended. Her maid gives him her final letter, in which she urges him to finish his education and reconcile with his father.*Young Indiana Jones and the Treasure of the Peacock's Eye*, [ABC Family](/wiki/Freeform_%28TV_channel%29 "Freeform (TV channel)"), 1995\-01\-15**In a comic book adaptation of the first episode, it is explained she dislikes her old classmate [T. E. Lawrence](/wiki/T._E._Lawrence "T. E. Lawrence") due to their divided religious beliefs (her father was a minister). Seymour also appears in three books based on the series. In one, she inherits a fortune, and is courted by a Colonel (whom Indiana is suspicious of) aboard the [RMS *Titanic*](/wiki/RMS_Titanic "RMS Titanic"). ### T. E. Lawrence A fictionalized version of [T. E. Lawrence](/wiki/T._E._Lawrence "T. E. Lawrence") **has a recurring role in the series. He first appeared in the pilot episode, *Young Indiana Jones and the Curse of the Jackal*, and appears or is mentioned multiple times throughout the series. Lawrence is portrayed by [Joseph Bennett](/wiki/Joseph_A._Bennett "Joseph A. Bennett") and [Douglas Henshall](/wiki/Douglas_Henshall "Douglas Henshall").**### Demetrios / Claw Demetrios **([Vic Tablian](/wiki/Vic_Tablian "Vic Tablian")) is a Greek demolitions expert, who later becomes an arms dealer in Mexico. He appeared in the pilot episode, *Young Indiana Jones and the Curse of the Jackal*, where Indiana Jones encounters Demetrios, while visiting an archeological dig in Egypt, in 1908\. Demetrios murders a man, and steals an Egyptian jackal headpiece. Indiana encounters Demetrios (then known as "Claw", having lost one of his hands) again, while Indiana rides with [Pancho Villa](/wiki/Pancho_Villa "Pancho Villa") in 1916\. Demetrios sells arms to Pancho Villa, while also selling information to [General Pershing](/wiki/John_J._Pershing "John J. Pershing"). Indiana confronts Demetrios, who is still in possession of the Jackal headpiece. Demetrios tries to kill Indiana, but is himself killed in an explosion, while Indiana gets away with the Jackal headpiece. Demetrios' encounters with Indiana Jones were later edited into the films *My First Adventure* and *Spring Break Adventure*. Demetrios was portrayed by Vic Tablian, who had previously portrayed Barranca and the Monkey Man in *Raiders of the Lost Ark*. All three of Tablian's characters attempts to kill Indiana Jones.**### Pancho Villa A fictionalized version of [Pancho Villa](/wiki/Pancho_Villa "Pancho Villa")**. He appears in the second half of the episode *Young Indiana Jones and the Curse of the Jackal* (later edited into the second half of the film *Spring Break Adventure*), where he encounters a 16\-year\-old Indiana Jones in Mexico. Indy mentions this encounter in the 2008 film *[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull")*. Pancho Villa was played by actor Mike Moroff.**### Frederick Selous A fictionalized version of [Frederick Selous](/wiki/Frederick_Selous "Frederick Selous")**. He first appears in the episode "British East Africa, September 1909" (later edited into the first half of the film version *Passion for Life*). He returns in the episode *Young Indiana Jones and the Phantom Train of Doom*, where Indiana Jones is reunited with Selous, upon arriving in Africa in 1916\. In *Young Indiana Jones and the Phantom Train of Doom*, Selous is a Captain with the [25th (Frontiersmen) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers](/wiki/25th_%28Frontiersmen%29_Battalion%2C_Royal_Fusiliers "25th (Frontiersmen) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers") (as was the real Frederick Selous). In both of his appearances, Selous is portrayed by [Paul Freeman](/wiki/Paul_Freeman_%28actor%29 "Paul Freeman (actor)"), who had played Dr. René Emile Belloq in *Raiders of the Lost Ark*.**### Princess Sophie of Hohenberg A fictionalized version of [Princess Sophie of Hohenberg](/wiki/Princess_Sophie_of_Hohenberg "Princess Sophie of Hohenberg")**. She appears in the episode "Vienna, November 1908" (later edited into the first half of the film *The Perils of Cupid*). Sophie becomes the first love of a then 9\-year\-old Indiana Jones. She becomes the first girl that he ever kisses, but he is forbidden from seeing her further. Before they are separated, Sophie gives Indiana a locket with her picture in it. Indiana can be seen wearing the locket from "Princeton, February 1916" (*Spring Break Adventure*) all the way up to *Young Indiana Jones and the Hollywood Follies* (set in 1920\). In the original broadcast version of "Vienna, November 1908", Old Indy references having encountered her later in life. Sophie was portrayed by Danish actress Amalie Ihle Alstrup. However, for the episode "German East Africa, December 1916" (edited into *Oganga, the Giver and Taker of Life*), a photograph of the real Sophie of Hohenberg was used for Indiana's locket.**### Giacomo Puccini A fictionalized version of [Giacomo Puccini](/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini "Giacomo Puccini")**. He appears in the episode "Florence, May 1908" (later edited into the second half of the film *The Perils of Cupid*). Puccini becomes infatuated with Anna, Indy's mother, and pursues her romantically. Puccini asks Anna to run away with him. However, in the end, Anna makes the choice to stay with her husband and son. In the original broadcast version of "Florence, May 1908", it is implied that Puccini based his opera 1910 *[La fanciulla del West](/wiki/La_fanciulla_del_West "La fanciulla del West")* on his affair with Anna Jones. Giacomo Puccini was portrayed by [Georges Corraface](/wiki/Georges_Corraface "Georges Corraface").**### Nancy Stratemeyer Nancy Stratemeyer **([Robyn Lively](/wiki/Robyn_Lively "Robyn Lively")) is Indiana Jones' high school sweetheart. Nancy is a fictional daughter of [Edward Stratemeyer](/wiki/Edward_Stratemeyer "Edward Stratemeyer") (the creator of [Nancy Drew](/wiki/Nancy_Drew "Nancy Drew")). Nancy first appears in the episode "Princeton, February 1916", where she and Indiana investigates a theft from [Thomas Edison](/wiki/Thomas_Edison "Thomas Edison"). Nancy returns in the TV movie *Young Indiana Jones: Travels with Father*, where she is reunited with Indiana, after he returns home from World War I in 1919\. She is shown to have married Indiana's old high school rival, Butch, and have a son with him. Nancy's appearances were later edited into the films *Spring Break Adventure* and *Winds of Change*. Indiana mentions her in *Tales of Innocence*.**### Maggie Lemass Maggie Lemass **([Susannah Doyle](/wiki/Susannah_Doyle "Susannah Doyle")) is a young Irish woman, and the sister of [Seán Lemass](/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Lemass "Seán Lemass"), whom Indiana Jones encounters in "Ireland, April 1916" (later edited into the first half of the film *Love's Sweet Song*). Indiana becomes infatuated with Maggie, who believes Indy to be an American millionaire. Indy's infatuation with her fades quickly, with him not enjoying her company.**### Vicky Prentiss Vicky Prentiss **([Elizabeth Hurley](/wiki/Elizabeth_Hurley "Elizabeth Hurley") as a young woman, [Jane Wyatt](/wiki/Jane_Wyatt "Jane Wyatt") as an old woman) is an English suffragette, whom Indiana Jones encounters in "London, May 1916" (later edited into the second half of the film *Love's Sweet Song*). Indy falls for Vicky, and wants to marry her, but she turns him down (not wanting to give up her freedom). Indiana mentions Vicky in "Paris, October 1916" (edited into *Demons of Deception*), the film *Tales of Innocence*, and "Istanbul, September 1918" (edited into *Masks of Evil*). In the original broadcast version of "London, May 1916", Vicky is reunited with a 93\-year\-old Indiana Jones in 1992\.**### Emile Emile **([Jason Flemyng](/wiki/Jason_Flemyng "Jason Flemyng")) was a Belgian soldier, serving in the same unit as Indiana Jones in 1916\. Emile appears in the episodes "Somme, Early August 1916" and "Germany, Mid\-August 1916" (which were later edited together into the feature\-length film *Trenches of Hell*). Emile fights alongside Indiana in the trenches, with the two ending up as prisoners of war. Emile steals the uniforms (and identities) of two deceased French officers (having heard that officers are treated better in POW camps) for himself and Indiana. Now "Captain Francois Toussaint" (Emile) and "Lieutenant Pierre Blanc" (Indiana), Emile and Indiana were sent to a POW camp for officers. They joined the other prisoners in an escape attempt, but Emile was shot and killed during the escape, while Indiana was punished (both for his own escape attempt, and the multiple escape attempts of the real Pierre Blanc) with a transfer to the Dusterstadt POW camp.**### Mata Hari A fictionalized version of [Mata Hari](/wiki/Mata_Hari "Mata Hari")**. She appears in the episode "Paris, October 1916" (later edited into the second half of the film *Demons of Deception*), penned by [Carrie Fisher](/wiki/Carrie_Fisher "Carrie Fisher"). Mata enters into a sexual relationship with Indiana Jones (taking his virginity), during his brief stay in Paris. Mata Hari was portrayed by [Domiziana Giordano](/wiki/Domiziana_Giordano "Domiziana Giordano").**### Birdy Soames Birdy Soames **([Freddie Jones](/wiki/Freddie_Jones "Freddie Jones")) is a former merchant marine and lighthouse keeper, who appears in *Young Indiana Jones and the Phantom Train of Doom*, and is a member of the [25th (Frontiersmen) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers](/wiki/25th_%28Frontiersmen%29_Battalion%2C_Royal_Fusiliers "25th (Frontiersmen) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers") during World War I. Freddie Jones was the father of actor [Toby Jones](/wiki/Toby_Jones "Toby Jones"), who later portrayed [Basil Shaw](/wiki/%23Basil_Shaw "#Basil Shaw") in *[Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dial_of_Destiny "Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny")*.**### Richard Meinertzhagen A fictionalized version of [Richard Meinertzhagen](/wiki/Richard_Meinertzhagen "Richard Meinertzhagen")**. He is introduced in *Young Indiana Jones and the Phantom Train of Doom*, where he assigns a group from [25th (Frontiersmen) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers](/wiki/25th_%28Frontiersmen%29_Battalion%2C_Royal_Fusiliers "25th (Frontiersmen) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers") (along with Indiana Jones, who've been tricked into tagging along) to destroy a German train in East Africa. Upon their success, he assigns them to capture German Colonel [Paul von Lettow\-Vorbeck](/wiki/Paul_von_Lettow-Vorbeck "Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck"). Indiana Jones encounters Meinertzhagen again in *Daredevils of the Desert* (an extended version of unaired episode "Palestine, October 1917"), where Meinertzhagen gives Indiana a spy mission to [Beersheba](/wiki/Beersheba "Beersheba") (in preparation of the [Battle of Beersheba](/wiki/Battle_of_Beersheba_%281917%29 "Battle of Beersheba (1917)")). Richard Meinertzhagen was portrayed by [Julian Firth](/wiki/Julian_Firth "Julian Firth"). Prior to being cast as Richard Meinertzhagen, Firth had portrayed Lambert in the episode "Germany, Mid\-August 1916" (later edited into the second half of *Trenches of Hell*).**### Margarete Trappe A fictionalized version of [Margarete Trappe](/wiki/Margarete_Trappe "Margarete Trappe")**. Margarete encounters Indiana Jones in *Young Indiana Jones and the Phantom Train of Doom*, while she is in the service of German Colonel [Paul von Lettow\-Vorbeck](/wiki/Paul_von_Lettow-Vorbeck "Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck") in East Africa. A group from the [25th (Frontiersmen) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers](/wiki/25th_%28Frontiersmen%29_Battalion%2C_Royal_Fusiliers "25th (Frontiersmen) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers") (which includes Indiana, Remy Baudouin, and the former lover of Margarate's mother [Frederick Selous](/wiki/Frederick_Selous "Frederick Selous")) captures Margarete, and keeps her tied up and gagged in the back of their wagon. And, later, in a hidden compartment (when they permit themselves to be captured by the Germans in order to get close to Colonel von Lettow\-Vorbeck). Margarete manages to break free, and raises the alarm, but the Royal Fusiliers manage themselves to escape with von Lettow\-Vorbeck as their prisoner. With the only other pilot available at the German camp taken out, Margarete herself goes after Indiana and Remy (who are traveling with von Lettow\-Vorbeck on board a hot air balloon), in a small plane. She shoots down their balloon, and lands her plane. When Indiana threatens to shoot von Lettow\-Vorbeck (who is trying to escape to the approaching German army), Margarete threatens to shoot Indiana. However, she finds herself in the aim of Remy's rifle. With no other choice, Indiana lets Margarete and von Lettow\-Vorbeck return to the German army, while he and Remy escapes the approaching German army. Margarete Trappe was portrayed by [Lynsey Baxter](/wiki/Lynsey_Baxter "Lynsey Baxter").**### Manfred von Richthofen A fictionalized version of [Manfred von Richthofen](/wiki/Manfred_von_Richthofen "Manfred von Richthofen") **(**The Red Baron**). He is a recurring antagonist of Indiana Jones in *Young Indiana Jones and the Attack of the Hawkmen*. During their first encounter, Indy jokingly asks the German pilots why they do not paint their planes red. Indy's remark inspires Richthofen to give his plane a paint job, giving Richthofen's plane its iconic look. Manfred von Richthofen was portrayed by [Marc Warren](/wiki/Marc_Warren "Marc Warren").**### Marcello Marcello **([Terry Jones](/wiki/Terry_Jones "Terry Jones")) is an Italian intelligence agent, whom Indiana Jones encounters in "Barcelona, May 1917" (later edited into the first half of *Espionage Escapades*). Prior to being a spy, Marcello was a tailor, and he regards himself as a master of disguise. In addition to playing Marcello, Terry Jones directed the episode.**### Nadia Kamenevsky Nadia Kamenevsky **([Amanda Ooms](/wiki/Amanda_Ooms "Amanda Ooms")) is an American intelligence agent, posing as a Russian ballerina, whom Indiana Jones encounters in "Barcelona, May 1917" (later edited into the first half of *Espionage Escapades*). Indiana, working alongside three other Allied agents, at first believes Nadia to only be a Russian ballet dancer, who is the lover of German cultural attache Schmidt. When Indiana and his co\-workers set together a plot, to make it appear that Schmidt is having an affair with a married countess (thus disrupt allegiances in the city), Nadia discovers what they are doing. She attempts to alert Schmidt, but is captured by Indiana before she call tell him. Indiana leaves Nadia tied up and gagged in a closet, but he soon lets her out to give her food. When he removes the gag, an angry Nadia calls him an idiot, and threatens to have him thrown out of the espionage corps. She reveals herself to be an American agent, and that Schmidt is actually the most important double agent working for the Americans. She and Schmidt had only pretended to be lovers, as part of their cover story. After Indiana, and the other Allied agents, confirms Nadia's story, she joins forces with them to set their blunder right. Nadia manages to prevent the death of Schmidt, in a duel, in the last minute. Her true name is unknown. When she reveals herself to be an American spy, she tells Indiana "I'm no more Russian than you are!". Earlier in the story, [Sergei Diaghilev](/wiki/Sergei_Diaghilev "Sergei Diaghilev") explains to Indy (whom he gives the name "Igor") that he cannot afford to bring actual Russian dancers with him to Barcelona. Instead, he hires dancers from other countries (three of the ballet girls reveals themselves as actually being English, Italian, and French), gives them Russian stage names and have them pretend to be Russians (thus creating the illusion of the dancers being composed entirely of Russians).**### Maya Maya **([Catherine Zeta\-Jones](/wiki/Catherine_Zeta-Jones "Catherine Zeta-Jones")) is an Arab spy, posing as a belly\-dancer, whom Indiana Jones is partnered with in *Daredevils of the Desert* (an extended version of unaired episode "Palestine, October 1917"). Indiana gets close to her, but she ultimately reveals herself to be a Turkish double\-agent.**### Schiller Schiller **([Daniel Craig](/wiki/Daniel_Craig "Daniel Craig")) is a German officer, who serves in Palestine during World War I. He appears in *Daredevils of the Desert* (an extended version of unaired episode "Palestine, October 1917"). During the [Battle of Beersheba](/wiki/Battle_of_Beersheba_%281917%29 "Battle of Beersheba (1917)"), Schiller attempts to blow up the wells of the city (depriving the enemy forces from access to water). Indiana Jones fights Schiller, and then shoots him to death, saving the wells.**### Giulietta Giulietta **([Veronica Logan](/wiki/Veronica_Logan "Veronica Logan")) is a young Italian woman, whom Indiana Jones dates in "Northern Italy, June 1918" (later edited into the first half of the film *Tales of Innocence*, with its plot moved to 1917\). After Indy returns from a spy mission, he discovers that [Ernest Hemingway](/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway "Ernest Hemingway") has been moving in on her. Indy and Hemingway fight over Giulietta, until she reveals that she is going to marry another man named Alfredo (her childhood love). Giulietta's mother was portrayed by [Pernilla August](/wiki/Pernilla_August "Pernilla August"), who had played a different character in the episode "Vienna, November 1908".**### Ernest Hemingway A fictionalized version of [Ernest Hemingway](/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway "Ernest Hemingway") **who appears in the episodes *Young Indiana Jones and the Mystery of the Blues, Scandal of 1920,* and "Northern Italy, June 1918" (later edited into the first half of the film *Tales of Innocence*, with its plot moved to 1917\). In *Young Indiana Jones and the Mystery of the Blues*, Hemingway is a friend of Indy's in Chicago. "Northern Italy, June 1918" depicts their first encounter, while Hemingway is a Red Cross ambulance driver in Italy during World War I. In *Scandal of 1920* he is shown attending the musical Indy is part of the production team for but they don't interact. Ernest Hemingway was portrayed by [Jay Underwood](/wiki/Jay_Underwood "Jay Underwood").**### Sofia Sofia **([Selina Giles](/wiki/Selina_Giles "Selina Giles")) is an Italian nurse, whom Indiana Jones briefly gets involved with in the film *Tales of Innocence*. After Indy's injured during an air raid, Sofia is assigned to be his nurse. She is overjoyed when she gets to go with him to Venice. While there, the two seduces and make love to each other. Their romance is short\-lived, as Indy is reassigned to Africa. A heartbroken Sofia has to remain in Venice, and says goodbye to him by the docks. The character was created for the bridging footage of *Tales of Innocence*.**### Molly Walder Molly Walder **(Katherine Kendall) is an American teacher working in [Istanbul](/wiki/Istanbul "Istanbul"), towards the end of World War I. She appears in the episode "Istanbul, September 1918" (later edited into the first half of the film *Masks of Evil*). Molly is dating a Swedish reporter named "Nils Anderson" (a cover for intelligence agent Indiana Jones), whom she becomes engaged to. However, upon learning the truth about "Nils"/Indiana, she feels betrayed. Later that day, Molly goes to see Indiana, but is mistaken for him by double\-agent Stefan ([Peter Firth](/wiki/Peter_Firth "Peter Firth")), who shoots her. Indiana kills Stefan, and Molly dies in Indiana's arms.**### Maria Straussler Maria Straussler **([Simone Bendix](/wiki/Simone_Bendix "Simone Bendix")) is a woman working for American Intelligence in World War I. She appears in the unaired episode "Transylvania, January 1918" (later edited into the second half of the film *Masks of Evil*, with the events being moved towards the end of the war). Indiana meets Maria, when he is sent to Romania to investigate a Romanian General named Mattias Targo, together with American spy Colonel Waters ([Keith Szarabajka](/wiki/Keith_Szarabajka "Keith Szarabajka")). Maria reveals that she is engaged to French spy François Picard, one of the Allied agents previously sent to investigate Targo. She works with fellow Allied agents Nicholas Hunyadi and Dr. Franz Heinzer. Colonel Waters is reluctant to bring a woman with them, due to the danger involved. In response, Maria asks to borrow the Colonel's knife, which she reveals to have already picked from his pocket. She then proves herself an expert with knives, by throwing it within an inch of the Colonel's head. At Targo's castle, she is reunited with François (who has seemingly been turned into an undead by Targo, who is revealed to be a vampire), who exposes Dr. Heinzer as an Austrian double agent. Heinzer shoots François (seemingly killing him for a moment), which causes Maria to throw a knife into Heinzer's heart, killing him. Maria is captured by Targo, together with Indiana and Nicholas Hunyadi (whom Targo kills). Targo attempts to drug Maria, but she tricks him (only pretending to drink the drug), allowing her to save Indiana from Targo. She and Indiana later destroys Targo by driving a stake through his heart. An act that frees all the people under Targo's control, including François, leaving their dead bodies spread about. Afterwards, Maria and Indiana head back to their superiors in Venice. Unlike Dr. Heinzer (Austrian) and Nicholas Hunyadi (Romanian), Maria's nationality is never established. She has got a [German\-Swiss surname](/wiki/Straussler "Straussler"), works for American Intelligence, and is engaged to a Frenchman. The character is implied to be [Romani](/wiki/Romani_people "Romani people").**### General Mattias Targo General Mattias Targo **([Bob Peck](/wiki/Bob_Peck "Bob Peck")) is a Romanian General during World War I, and a vampire, who might be [Vlad the Impaler](/wiki/Vlad_the_Impaler "Vlad the Impaler"). He appears in the unaired episode "Transylvania, January 1918" (later edited into the second half of the film *Masks of Evil*, with the events being moved towards the end of the war). Targo is destroyed by Indiana Jones and Maria Straussler, who drive a stake through his heart.**### Zyke Zyke **([Adrian Edmondson](/wiki/Adrian_Edmondson "Adrian Edmondson")) was a German treasure hunter in 1918\. He appeared in the TV movie *Young Indiana Jones and the Treasure of the Peacock's Eye*. Indiana Jones and Remy Baudouin first encounters Zyke in the last few minutes of World War I, while Zyke is attempting to acquire a map to the location of the Peacock's Eye (the diamond that Indiana wants from Lao Che, at the start of *[Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Temple_of_Doom "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom")*). Zyke is later murdered by bargirl Lily, who takes the box believed to contain the Peacock's Eye diamond.**### Lily Lily **(Jayne Ashbourne) was a British [bargirl](/wiki/Bargirl "Bargirl") on the island of [Java](/wiki/Java "Java"). She appears in the TV movie *Young Indiana Jones and the Treasure of the Peacock's Eye*. Indiana Jones and Remy Baudouin first encountered Lily, when they were following treasure hunter Zyke to the hotel that Lily worked at. The next day, Lily was thrown out of town (implied to be because of prostitution), and onto the ship, that Indy and Remy were leaving on. Indy showed her kindness (the first that she had experienced in over a year, during which she had been miserable), and the two developed feelings for each other (though, Lily warned him about being seen with a woman like her). As Lily did not have a cabin of her own, Indy let her sleep in his bunk (while he shared Remy's). When the ship was robbed by pirates, Lily was revealed to have the box that Indy and Remy had been looking for. Lily claimed that Zyke had told her that they would be partners, but had tried to kill her, so she had killed him. Together with Indy and Remy, Lily followed the ship belonging to the pirates. She managed to get her hands on the box, but was shot by pirate captain Jin Ming. Indy tried to get Lily off the pirate ship, in a desperate effort to save her life, but she died in his arms. Lily's last words to Indy were: "Goodbye, my prince".**### Jin Ming Jin Ming **(Alice Lau) was a Chinese pirate captain in 1918\. She appears in the TV movie *Young Indiana Jones and the Treasure of the Peacock's Eye*. She is first introduced as a singer, on board a ship that Indiana Jones and Remy Baudouin travel on. After the ship has been attacked and captured by Chinese pirates, Jin revealed her true identity. Among the things that Jin's crew stole was a box, believed to contain the Peacock's Eye diamond. As a result, Indiana, Remy, and bargirl Lily followed the pirates to their ship. Jin shot and killed Lily, while she was trying to get away with the box. However, Jin was forced to flee with her crew after their ship caught fire, taking the box with them. Indiana and Remy followed them to a small island. The island quickly proved inhabited by killer natives, who attacked Jin's crew. Jin's crew did their best to shoot at the natives, but Jin was struck in the leg by a spear, and dropped the box (which Remy quickly grabbed). She was presumably killed by the natives, along with the rest of her crew.**### Amy Wharton Amy Wharton **([Brooke Langton](/wiki/Brooke_Langton "Brooke Langton")) is an American upper\-class woman, whom Indiana Jones briefly dates in 1919\. She appears in the film *Winds of Change*. Amy meets Indiana, when they both get on board a ship from France to the United States. They take a liking to each other during the journey, and start dating for the summer. Amy's mother dislikes the relationship, feeling that Indiana (who is from a different social class, and a former soldier) is not a suitable match for her. Indiana and Amy say goodbye to each other, when Indiana heads off to study archeology at [University of Chicago](/wiki/University_of_Chicago "University of Chicago"), while Amy is heading to [Vassar College](/wiki/Vassar_College "Vassar College") (intending to become a medical doctor). As they say goodbye at the train station, they first promise to visit each other, then to write to each other, before admitting to each other that they will not.**### Gray Cloud Gray Cloud **([Saginaw Grant](/wiki/Saginaw_Grant "Saginaw Grant")), a friend and sidekick of Indiana Jones, circa 1950\. He enlists Indy's help in 1950 when an ancient pipe is stolen from his tribe; a deadly chase through the snowy mountains of Wyoming ensues. Indy eventually retrieves the pipe for Gray Cloud.*The Adventures of Young Indiana Jones: The Mystery of the Blues*, [VHS](/wiki/VHS "VHS"), 1999\-10\-27**### Sidney Bechet A fictionalized version of [Sidney Bechet](/wiki/Sidney_Bechet "Sidney Bechet")**. He appears in *Young Indiana Jones and the Mystery of the Blues* and *Young Indiana Jones and the Scandal of 1920*. In the former, Bechet plays jazz at [Big Jim Colosimo](/wiki/Big_Jim_Colosimo "Big Jim Colosimo")'s restaurant, where he meets and befriends Indiana Jones (who works there as a waiter, while studying archeology at the University of Chicago). Sidney Bechet was portrayed by [Jeffrey Wright](/wiki/Jeffrey_Wright "Jeffrey Wright").**### Peggy Peabody Peggy Peabody **(Jennifer Stevens) is a singer who performed in *[George White's Scandals](/wiki/George_White%27s_Scandals "George White's Scandals")* in 1920\. She meet Indiana Jones, when they are both traveling by train to New York City. They take a liking to each other, but on Indiana's 21st birthday Peggy discovers that Indiana have two other girlfriends (in addition to her). Peggy joins forces with the other two, get back at Indiana, and dump him. Peggy appeared in the episode *Young Indiana Jones and the Scandal of 1920*.**### Kate Rivers Kate Rivers **([Anne Heche](/wiki/Anne_Heche "Anne Heche")) is a poet and newspaper critic, whom Indiana Jones meets and dates in the episode *Young Indiana Jones and the Scandal of 1920*. Kate and Indiana meet, while he is briefly living in New York City, and stays in the apartment next to Kate's. Kate is a member of the [Algonquin Round Table](/wiki/Algonquin_Round_Table "Algonquin Round Table"), and brings Indiana to their meetings. On Indiana's 21st birthday Kate discovers that Indiana have two other girlfriends (in addition to her). Kate joins forces with the other two, get back at Indiana, and dump him.**### Gloria Schuyler Gloria Schuyler **([Alexandra Powers](/wiki/Alexandra_Powers "Alexandra Powers")) is a young socialite, whom Indiana Jones meets and dates in the episode *Young Indiana Jones and the Scandal of 1920*. When Gloria learns that Indiana's boss, [George White](/wiki/George_White_%28producer%29 "George White (producer)"), is struggling with the finance of his new Broadway show, Gloria contacts her father (a wealthy industrialist named J. J. Schuyler) and convinces him to help out. On Indiana's 21st birthday Gloria discovers that Indiana have two other girlfriends (in addition to her). Gloria joins forces with the other two, get back at Indiana, and dump him. In the TV movie *Young Indiana Jones and the Hollywood Follies*, Indiana is established to have been fired, due to having had three girlfriends at once (with one of them was the boss's daughter).**### Claire Lieberman Claire Lieberman **([Allison Smith](/wiki/Allison_Smith_%28actress%29 "Allison Smith (actress)")) is a Hollywood screenwriter, whom Indiana Jones meets and becomes involved with in the TV movie *Young Indiana Jones and the Hollywood Follies*. Claire is a writer on the [Erich von Stroheim](/wiki/Erich_von_Stroheim "Erich von Stroheim") picture *[Foolish Wives](/wiki/Foolish_Wives "Foolish Wives")*, until Stroheim fires her for helping Indiana in trying to shut down the filming. However, [Irving Thalberg](/wiki/Irving_Thalberg "Irving Thalberg") assigns her to write another movie. Claire gets involved with Indiana, while also having a boyfriend named Tony, which upsets Indiana (the story takes place shortly after *Young Indiana Jones and the Scandal of 1920*, where Indiana himself had dated three women). Claire and Indiana departs on friendly terms, when he goes back to the University of Chicago.**### John Ford A fictionalized version of famed Western director [John Ford](/wiki/John_Ford "John Ford")**. He appears in the TV movie *Young Indiana Jones and the Hollywood Follies*. He befriends Indiana Jones in 1920, after Indiana comes to Universal Pictures to shut down the runaway production of the [Erich von Stroheim](/wiki/Erich_von_Stroheim "Erich von Stroheim") picture *[Foolish Wives](/wiki/Foolish_Wives "Foolish Wives")*. After Indiana fails, and gets fired (ending up stranded in Los Angeles, without the money for a ticket back to Chicago), Ford hires Indiana as his assistant for his upcoming film *Six Steps to Hell* (a fictional movie, though, potentially inspired by Ford's 1917 film *[Straight Shooting](/wiki/Straight_Shooting "Straight Shooting")*). When one of the lead actors is killed from a snake bite, Ford gives the actor's role to Indiana. After all of the film's stuntmen are injured, Ford asks Indiana to perform a dangerous stunt with a wagon, which Indiana requests $60 (most of Indiana's tuition at the [University of Chicago](/wiki/University_of_Chicago "University of Chicago")) for. Ford agrees to his demand, and shoots the sequence (which resembles a famous stunt sequence in Ford's 1939 Western *[Stagecoach](/wiki/Stagecoach_%281939_film%29 "Stagecoach (1939 film)")*, and the truck stunt sequence in *Raiders of the Lost Ark*). John Ford was played by [Stephen Caffrey](/wiki/Stephen_Caffrey_%28actor%29 "Stephen Caffrey (actor)").**### Spike Spike **(Mark Auerbach) is the grandson of Indiana Jones, who appears in the bookends of the two\-part episode "Young Indiana Jones and the Mystery of the Blues". Spike is an aspiring rock musician, who drives Indy, and the neighbors, crazy, with his band's practicing. When the episodes were re\-edited into the *Adventures of Young Indiana Jones* movies, the bookends with Spike were dropped in favor of bookends with Harrison Ford (set in 1950\). Spike is apparently the son of [Sophie](/wiki/%23Sophie "#Sophie"), who cameos at the end of the episode.** ### Sophie Jones Sophie Jones **(Susan Bigelow) is the daughter of Indiana Jones (the identity of her mother is never established), who appears in the bookends of the episodes "Ireland, April 1916" and "Chicago, May 1920" (and the bookends for the episode "Peking, March 1910", played by a different actress). In the episode "Ireland, April 1916", it is established that she has a daughter named Lucy, a granddaughter of Indy. Her appearance in "Chicago, May 1920" indicates that she likely is also the mother of [Spike](/wiki/%23Spike "#Spike"). However, it is unknown if she is the mother or aunt of Indy's other grandchild, the much older Caroline. "Chicago, May 1920" indicates that Sophie, and her children, live with Indiana in his house on [Staten Island](/wiki/Staten_Island "Staten Island"). The character's scenes were removed, when the episodes were re\-edited into the *Adventures of Young Indiana Jones* movies (which deleted all old Indiana Jones bookends). Lucas first and later [Frank Darabont](/wiki/Frank_Darabont "Frank Darabont") in his script for *Kingdom of the Crystal Skull*, Indy and Marion were going to have a 13\-year\-old daughter (it is unknown if said daughter would have been a younger version of Sophie), but Spielberg objected to this idea,Rinzler, Bouzereau, Chapter 11: "Atomic Ants from Space: May 1989 to June 2007" p. 231–247 and the character of Mutt Williams was created instead. The bookends for "Vienna, November 1908" establishes that Indy has several children, making it possible that Sophie is simply Mutt's sister or half\-sister (depending on whom her mother is). The *Adventures of Young Indiana Jones* films and the first four [Harrison Ford](/wiki/Harrison_Ford "Harrison Ford") movies shows Indiana Jones having multiple sexual partners for decades, starting with [Mata Hari](/wiki/%23Mata_Hari "#Mata Hari") in 1916, before he marries Marion Ravenwood in 1957\. The Harrison Ford movies does not dive deep into Indy's personal life, with the focus being on the individual adventure. In *[Raiders of the Lost Ark](/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark "Raiders of the Lost Ark")*, there is only a brief visit to Indy's home (the only visit in the first three films). In his study, there is a framed photograph of an unidentified baby. Later in the film, Marion (whom Indy has not been in contact with for ten years) asks Indy why he has not found a nice girl to raise eight or nine children with. To which Indy responds: "Who says I haven't?".*[Raiders of the Lost Ark](/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark "Raiders of the Lost Ark")* (1981\)**### Caroline Jones Caroline Jones **(Candy Aston) is the granddaughter of Indiana Jones. It is unknown who her grandmother was. It is also unknown if Caroline is the daughter of Mutt (conceived at some point before his death), Sophie, or another child of Indiana Jones (in bookends for "Vienna, November 1908", Old Indy references having multiple living children). Caroline is also the mother of Harry Jones, Indy's great\-grandson. She appears in the episode "Peking, March 1910", where she attends a family Thanksgiving dinner with her grandfather. The character's scenes were removed, when the episodes were re\-edited into the *Adventures of Young Indiana Jones* movies (which deleted all old Indiana Jones bookends).**### Harry Jones Harry Jones **(Jeremy Gerber) is the great\-grandson of Indiana Jones, and son of Caroline Jones. He appears in the episode "Peking, March 1910", where he attends a family Thanksgiving dinner with his great\-grandfather. The character's scenes were removed, when the episodes were re\-edited into the *Adventures of Young Indiana Jones* movies (which deleted all old Indiana Jones bookends).**### Annie Jones Annie Jones **(Joy Miller) is the great\-granddaughter of Indiana Jones. She appears in the episode "Peking, March 1910", where she attends a family Thanksgiving dinner with her great\-grandfather. It is unknown if Annie is the daughter of Caroline Jones, or another of the adults at the dinner. The character's scenes were removed, when the episodes were re\-edited into the *Adventures of Young Indiana Jones* movies (which deleted all old Indiana Jones bookends).**Introduced in *Kingdom of the Crystal Skull* -------------------------------------------- ### Mac George **"**Mac**"** McHale **([Ray Winstone](/wiki/Ray_Winstone "Ray Winstone")) is an [anti\-hero](/wiki/Anti-hero "Anti-hero") who is a friend with Jones. He is a spin on Sallah, Belloq and Elsa. Mac served in [MI6](/wiki/MI6 "MI6") during [World War II](/wiki/World_War_II "World War II"), working with Indiana (who worked for the [Office of Strategic Services](/wiki/Office_of_Strategic_Services "Office of Strategic Services")). Writer [David Koepp](/wiki/David_Koepp "David Koepp") said Mac represents the confusion of the [Cold War](/wiki/Cold_War "Cold War"), with Winstone concurring "figuring out who you were working for and who you were working against must have been crazy". Mac's look was inspired by a photo of [Ernest Hemingway](/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway "Ernest Hemingway") wearing boots, so Winstone was told to tuck his pants into his boots and "rock" them throughout the film. Mac calls himself a "capitalist", and frequently makes his decision based upon what he gets in return. Mac is also extremely greedy, enthusiastic to accompany Indy to Akator, a "city of gold", and expresses clear frustration when Akator does not turn out to be what he expected, calling the venture a "waste of \[his] time." Mac is eventually sucked into a vortex created by [aliens](/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life "Extraterrestrial life") to another dimension. It is not clear whether Mac died after being sent to the dimension.**Mac reappeared in the novel *Indiana Jones and the Army of the Dead*. Set after the second World War, he and Indiana battle German and Japanese agents, a voodoo priest and legions of the undead for the Heart of Darkness, an object made of pearl and ebony in [Haiti](/wiki/Haiti "Haiti"). ### Irina Spalko Colonel Doctor Irina Spalko **([Cate Blanchett](/wiki/Cate_Blanchett "Cate Blanchett")) is a Soviet agent born in a small village in the eastern regions of the [Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic](/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic "Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic"), she was believed by those in her village to be a witch as her apparent psychic powers began to manifest themselves through animal control. She is skilled in fencing and [hand\-to\-hand combat](/wiki/Hand-to-hand_combat "Hand-to-hand combat") and is Indiana's main antagonist as she brings the [crystal skull](/wiki/Crystal_skull "Crystal skull") to [Akator](/wiki/El_Dorado "El Dorado") to utilize the power there as part of the Soviet Union's experiments in mind control. Her desire for knowledge proved her undoing when the crystal skull entity grants her desire to know everything, overloading her mind and causing her to disintegrate as her scattered essence is teleported to another dimension.**Frank Marshall said Spalko continued the tradition of Indiana having a [love–hate relationship](/wiki/Love%E2%80%93hate_relationship "Love–hate relationship") "with every woman he ever comes in contact with". Blanchett had wanted to play a villain for a "couple of years" before being cast. Spalko was modeled on [Marlene Dietrich](/wiki/Marlene_Dietrich "Marlene Dietrich"), To access, click "The Film". while her [bob cut](/wiki/Bob_cut "Bob cut") was George Lucas' idea and was inspired by [Louise Brooks](/wiki/Louise_Brooks "Louise Brooks"). In an early script of the film, Spalko was set to fight with Williams in a real virgin jungle, but the idea was scrapped because of the risks. [Uma Thurman](/wiki/Uma_Thurman "Uma Thurman") was considered for the role of Spalko, but she declined. ### Antonin Dovchenko Colonel Antonin Dovchenko **([Igor Jijikine](/wiki/Igor_Jijikine "Igor Jijikine")) leads a company of Soviet soldiers to aid Spalko on the quest for the [crystal skull](/wiki/Crystal_skull "Crystal skull"). He is ruthless and despises weakness. Dovchenko is large in stature and a brutal hand\-to\-hand combatant. The character is a tribute to the muscular henchman [Pat Roach](/wiki/Pat_Roach "Pat Roach") played in the first three films. He fights Indiana several times until Indy finally beats him and his dazed body gets carried off and eaten alive by [siafu ants](/wiki/Dorylus "Dorylus") in the jungle. [Hasbro](/wiki/Hasbro "Hasbro") released and action figures as well as an Adventure Heroes model, and is available in two Lego playsets.**### General Ross General Bob Ross **([Alan Dale](/wiki/Alan_Dale "Alan Dale")) was an American general whom Indiana Jones befriended during the second World War. In 1957, after Jones was coerced by Soviet agents to find alien remains in Hangar 51, he was trapped in Doom Town and barely survived. During his subsequent interrogation by FBI agents** Smith **and** Taylor**, General Ross arrived and vouched for Jones, insisting that he was not someone who would side with the Communists. Later, when Mac revealed to Jones during a chase through the Amazon jungle that he was a double agent working for the CIA, he mentioned that General Ross was his control agent, and he had secretly contacted him to bail Jones out of the aftermath of the Hangar 51 intrusion. However, its unclear if this was the truth as Mac later admitted to lying about being a double\-agent though its possible he really might've called Ross to help Jones out. Ross later attended Indiana's wedding to Marion Ravenwood.**### Dean Charles Stanforth Dean Charles Stanforth **([Jim Broadbent](/wiki/Jim_Broadbent "Jim Broadbent")) is Indiana's friend at Marshall College. The character replaces Marcus Brody following [Denholm Elliott](/wiki/Denholm_Elliott "Denholm Elliott")'s death in 1992\. Stanforth resigns to protect Indy from government agents who want him on trumped up Communist charges, and is later reinstated, with Indy joining him as the Associate Dean.**### Mutt Williams Mutt Williams **([Shia LaBeouf](/wiki/Shia_LaBeouf "Shia LaBeouf")), born** Henry Walton Jones III**, is introduced in *[Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull")* as a [Panhead](/wiki/Panhead "Panhead") motorcycle\-riding [greaser](/wiki/Greaser_%28subculture%29 "Greaser (subculture)") and becomes [Indiana Jones](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_%28character%29 "Indiana Jones (character)")' sidekick. He is the rebellious son of former bar owner [Marion Ravenwood](/wiki/Marion_Ravenwood "Marion Ravenwood") and archaeologist Indiana Jones, although Indy and Mutt are unaware of their relationship until the events of *[Crystal Skull](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Kingdom_of_the_Crystal_Skull "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull")*.**Having never met Jones after birth, Mutt believed that his British stepfather, [Royal Air Force](/wiki/Royal_Air_Force "Royal Air Force") pilot Colin Williams, was his biological father, until he and his mother are reunited with Jones in 1957\. Mutt accompanies Indiana to Peru to search for his mother, his surrogate father\-figure and mentor, Harold Oxley, and the crystal skull. Mutt, who has travelled extensively with his mother, never graduated from school. Mutt is highly intelligent and excels at fencing (which proves useful in his duel with Spalko) and other practical adventuring skills. After both Mutt and Indiana discover their relation, the latter is furious that his son is a dropout and is determined to get him back to school. Mutt also resents his father as a schoolteacher despite his also being an adventurer and hates Indiana referring to him as "Son". They gradually develop their relationship towards the end of the film, when Mutt serves as his father's [groomsman](/wiki/Groomsman "Groomsman") when Indiana and Marion finally marry. Later on, sometime before *[Dial of Destiny](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dial_of_Destiny "Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny")*, Mutt enlists in the US military and is killed in the Vietnam War. Mutt has a horizontal scar across his right cheek inflicted during a duel with [Irina Spalko](/wiki/List_of_characters_in_the_Indiana_Jones_series%23Irina_Spalko "List of characters in the Indiana Jones series#Irina Spalko"). Mutt has stated that his [prep\-school](/wiki/University-preparatory_school "University-preparatory school") education has made him "handy with a blade". The novelization explains Mutt was champion on the fencing team, but was kicked out of school for placing bets on his matches. Mutt's occupation prior to meeting up with Indy is that of a motorcycle mechanic. It is implied that he has a [fear](/wiki/Arachnophobia "Arachnophobia") of scorpions (similar to his father's fear of snakes and his late paternal grandfather's fears of rats and heights). [Frank Marshall](/wiki/Frank_Marshall_%28film_producer%29 "Frank Marshall (film producer)") said Mutt represents a youthful arrogance, to show Indiana is older and wiser. LaBeouf was Spielberg's only choice for the role. Excited at the prospect of being in an *Indiana Jones* film, LaBeouf signed on without reading the script and did not know what character he would play. LaBeouf watched *[Blackboard Jungle](/wiki/Blackboard_Jungle "Blackboard Jungle")*, *[Rebel Without a Cause](/wiki/Rebel_Without_a_Cause "Rebel Without a Cause")* and *[The Wild One](/wiki/The_Wild_One "The Wild One")* to get into his character's mindset, copying mannerisms and dialogue from characters in those films, such as the use of a [switchblade](/wiki/Switchblade "Switchblade") as a weapon. Authentic 1950s jackets were found for LaBeouf's costume, while [The Indian Motor\-Company](/wiki/Indian_%28motorcycle%29 "Indian (motorcycle)") provided his motorcycle. [George Lucas](/wiki/George_Lucas "George Lucas") was interested in producing a [spin\-off](/wiki/Spin-off_%28media%29 "Spin-off (media)") centered on Mutt and his own adventures, with Indiana in a supporting role. However, Lucas later retracted a statement on the possibility of a spin\-off series or LaBeouf taking over as the lead of the *Indiana Jones* series, stating "[Harrison Ford](/wiki/Harrison_Ford "Harrison Ford") is Indiana Jones, no Harrison means no Indy". Two figures of Mutt, a deluxe figure of him on his motorcycle, an Adventures Heroes figurine, and a figure were released in 2008\. Mutt is available in four [Lego Indiana Jones](/wiki/Lego_Indiana_Jones "Lego Indiana Jones") sets based on *Kingdom of the Crystal Skull*. In 2017, *Dial of Destiny* writer [David Koepp](/wiki/David_Koepp "David Koepp") revealed that the character will not return in the fifth film. It is revealed that the character died while serving in the [Vietnam War](/wiki/Vietnam_War "Vietnam War") prior to the film's events taking place, causing his parents' estrangement out of grief over his death. ### Harold Oxley Harold "Ox" Oxley **([John Hurt](/wiki/John_Hurt "John Hurt")) born in [Leeds](/wiki/Leeds "Leeds"), England, is a colleague of Indiana who broke off contact with him in 1937 while searching for the skulls. Both Ox and Indiana studied under Abner Ravenwood. Ox was a close friend of Ravenwood's daughter, Marion, and hence became a surrogate father for her son Mutt, following the death of Mutt's stepfather. He is also aware of Mutt's true paternity to Indiana. Ox's wits have been addled by long exposure to one of the crystal skulls. As soon as the skull is returned to Akator, Ox regains his sanity, and is last seen at Indy and Marion's wedding, clapping enthusiastically. The character was inspired by [Ben Gunn](/wiki/Ben_Gunn_%28Treasure_Island%29 "Ben Gunn (Treasure Island)") from *[Treasure Island](/wiki/Treasure_Island "Treasure Island")*.**The character of Oxley was created by [Frank Darabont](/wiki/Frank_Darabont "Frank Darabont") in his script of *Indiana Jones and the City of the Gods*. However, in his scrapped script, Oxley's name was Vernon Oxley. ### Colin Williams Colin Williams **was a friend of Indiana, Marion's first husband, Mutt's stepfather, and another unseen character. He and Marion started dating when Mutt was three months old and were married. He was an RAF pilot and died in the line of duty during World War II.**Introduced in *Dial of Destiny* ------------------------------- ### Helena Shaw Helena Shaw **([Phoebe Waller\-Bridge](/wiki/Phoebe_Waller-Bridge "Phoebe Waller-Bridge")) is the daughter of Basil Shaw, who fought with Indy during the Second World War and was eventually driven mad by the [Antikythera](/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism "Antikythera mechanism"). She is Indiana's goddaughter and she plays a vital role in this film. She is first seen during the university scene, where Indiana Jones teaches class.**### Dr. Jürgen Voller **([Mads Mikkelsen](/wiki/Mads_Mikkelsen "Mads Mikkelsen")) was a German scientist, [astrophysicist](/wiki/Astrophysicist "Astrophysicist") and "former" [Nazi](/wiki/Nazi_Germany "Nazi Germany") during [World War II](/wiki/World_War_II "World War II") who was later [hired by NASA](/wiki/Operation_Paperclip "Operation Paperclip") under the name "Dr. Schmidt" to run the [Apollo Moon landing program](/wiki/Apollo_program "Apollo program") for them, while using [CIA](/wiki/CIA "CIA") assets to search for the [Antikythera](/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism "Antikythera mechanism"), a [time travel](/wiki/Time_travel "Time travel") device built by the ancient [Syracusan](/wiki/Syracuse%2C_Sicily "Syracuse, Sicily") mathematician [Archimedes](/wiki/Archimedes "Archimedes") which Voller intends to use to travel back in time to 1939 and assassinate [Adolf Hitler](/wiki/Adolf_Hitler "Adolf Hitler").**In 1944, Voller discovers the Lance of Longinus in a Nazi fortress. He reports this to his superior, Colonel Weber. When they duck after hearing an explosion, Voller realises that the Lance is a replica. On a Nazi train headed for Berlin, Voller tells Weber that the Lance is a fake, but tells him that there is another relic on train. This is revealed to be one half of the Antikythera, a dial built by Archimedes that could allow for time travel. Voller explains that the power of the Antikythera is mathematics, instead of supernatural. Weber dismisses the Antikythera, asking Voller if he's ever met Hitler. Voller and Indy first encounter each other on the train, when Indy punches him, then Basil discovers the Dial half, which Indy tells him to take. Voller finds Basil and Indy with the Dial, and tells them to drop the gun (which Basil had), and then to give him the Antikythera. Indy throws something to Voller, and Voller is then hit by a metal pole. By 1969, Voller has been recruited by NASA, and helped with the [Apollo 11](/wiki/Apollo_11 "Apollo 11") Moon landing. He has been given the alias of 'Dr. Schmidt' from Alabama University. In his hotel room in New York, he asks the attendant bringing his food about his racial identity, and also if he fought in the war. Before the attendant leaves, Voller tells him that the Americans didn't win the war, but Hitler lost. He is still searching for the first half of the Dial, stolen by Indy in 1944\. His accomplices in the CIA find where Helena Shaw is, which is at Hunter College with Indy. After the parade chase, Voller is being interviewed by a journalist. When the journalist asks if he intends Mars to be the next victory in the Space Race, Voller tells him that he's moving to the next frontier, as space has been conquered. Voller also makes a disparaging remark about the President when it is recommended that he has his suit pressed. He encourages the journalist to use the remark. Voller is informed by Agent Mason that they found Helena and Indy, but they escaped. Instead of flying to Los Angeles to collect a medal from the President, Voller secures a private charter that takes him, Klaber and Hauke to Tangier, Morocco. Voller arrives at the auction with Klaber and Hauke. When Indy recognises him from 1944, Voller tells him that he is confused, as his name is Schmidt, who comes from Alabama University. He tells Helena that the Dial is his, but Indy tells him that the Dial isn't his, because he stole it, and then Voller tells Indy that he also stole the Dial. During the chaos at the auction, Teddy runs into Voller, who then takes the Dial back. Voller, Klaber, and Hauke take a Mercedes\-Benz to the airport, before Indy, Helena, and Teddy catch up to them on a tuk tuk. After the tuk tuk chase, they are captured by Agent Mason and the CIA. He is informed that the government wants him to vanish, as his accomplices blew up a nationally televised parade, killed 3 people, and then they went to Morocco, and created an incident that required military extraction. Voller asks to be taken to DC so he can explain, but Mason tells him that the government never cared about the Dial, only getting to the moon, and they only allowed Voller to search for the Dial in order to keep him happy. As the pilot informs them of their destination, Voller insists that he's not going back to Alabama. He tries to persuade Mason to continue the search for the Dial's second half, but she declines. At this point, Voller's accomplices take control of the plane, and kill Mason, when she intervenes. Voller tells her that his name isn't Schmidt, his name is Jürgen Voller. Whilst Indy and Helena search for the Grafikos in the Aegean Sea, Voller and his accomplices take control of Renaldo's boat, killing the crew. When they return with the Grafikos, Voller tells Indy that he's pleased that he isn't wasting his retirement, to which Indy tells him that he should have retired him when he had a chance. After Voller and Klaber wash the dust off of Grafikos, Voller asks Indy to read it, as it is in a code, Polybius, and Voller isn't familiar with it. Indy refuses, so Voller kills Renaldo. Helena tells them what the Grafikos says, and Voller concludes that the entrance to Archimedes' tomb is by the School of Mathematics, under a statue of Clio, in the ruins of the Great Library of Alexandria. Using a stick of dynamite, Helena blows up the boat, reclaims the Grafikos, and escapes with Indy and Teddy aboard Voller's boat. Through binoculars, Voller notices that the tomb isn't in Alexandria, as they are heading west instead of east. In Sicily, Voller's accomplices capture Teddy, who they use to find the Dial's second half. With Teddy, Voller and his accomplices made their way to the Ear of Dionysus, his men killing several people before entering the caves. Noticing where Indy and Helena had gone, they followed them deeper into the tomb bringing Teddy with them. Voller found Indy and Helena at the tomb. He attempted to take the Dial, but Indy refused, he pointed a gun at Helena, asking Indy if he really wanted to lose his godchild, after losing his son, and having his wife leave him. Indy gave Voller the second half of the Dial, allowing him to put the two parts together. As Teddy appeared, Voller gave his gun to Klaber, who then shot Indy. Indy asked what was happening now, and Voller told his accomplices to bring Indy with them. In the van on their way to an airfield, Indy asked Voller who he intended to kill in 1939, expecting it to be a leader of the Allies, like Churchill or Ike. Voller informed Indy of his plan. They fly into the eye of the storm, landing on 20th August 1939, with enough fuel to reach Munich, they will go to 16 Prinzregetnplatz, as his quarry would be waiting for him, for an update on the V\-1 Rocket, making Indy question what kind of Nazi Voller truly is. Voller tells him that he is the kind of Nazi who believes in Victory. He then tells Indy that he will correct all of the mistakes made by Hitler. On the plane, Indy tells Voller and his associates that Archimedes didn't know about continental drift, so their co\-ordinates are off target. Realising that Indy is right, Voller demands for the plane to turn back, and for his mission to be stopped, but the plane has been pulled too far into the fissure. The plane emerged during the Siege of Syracuse in 214 BC, only barely able to correct itself after the anomaly shorted out its engines. At first Voller and his men celebrated, believing to have successfully traveled to 1939 and told the pilots to set a course for Munich; however, slowly they began to realize they were in a different time entirely, as the Siege of Syracuse was happening right below them. The plane was then immediately fired upon by the Romans who mistook the plane for a dragon. Voller once again ordered for the plane to enter the portal but to his horror, due to the damage done to it in the battle, it was descending quickly to the ground. Helena set about rescuing Jones, the two of them throwing some of the Nazis out of the plane in the process. Voller attempted to escape the plane by taking their parachute but Helena shoots him in the stomach and he toils back. Indy and Helena then jumped out of the plane and parachuted onto the island safely below leaving Voller and his men to their fate. Voller and Klaber are killed when the plane crashes onto the beach. Voller's body among the wreckage would later be found by Archimedes and his watch would be taken. Mikkelsen described Voller as a man who would like to "correct" some mistakes of the past with the [Antikythera](/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism "Antikythera mechanism") to make the world "a much better place to live in," matching wits against Indiana Jones in a race to retrieve the artifact. ### Renaldo Renaldo**The correct spelling of this Spanish name is Reinaldo. ([Antonio Banderas](/wiki/Antonio_Banderas "Antonio Banderas")) is an old friend of Indiana Jones who operates as an expert [frogman](/wiki/Frogman "Frogman").**Banderas described his character is "a good guy who dies for Indiana Jones", and his role as a [cameo appearance](/wiki/Cameo_appearance "Cameo appearance"). ### Basil Shaw Basil Shaw **([Toby Jones](/wiki/Toby_Jones "Toby Jones")) is an [Oxford](/wiki/University_of_Oxford "University of Oxford") professor of archaeology and Helena's deceased father, who fought with Indy during the Second World War, and was eventually driven mad by the [Antikythera](/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism "Antikythera mechanism"). Jones is the real\-life son of actor [Freddie Jones](/wiki/Freddie_Jones "Freddie Jones"), who played [Birdy Soames](/wiki/%23Birdy_Soames "#Birdy Soames") in *[The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles](/wiki/The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles")*.**### Klaber Klaber **([Boyd Holbrook](/wiki/Boyd_Holbrook "Boyd Holbrook")) is an [Alabama](/wiki/Alabama "Alabama")\-born [Neo\-Nazi](/wiki/Neo-Nazi "Neo-Nazi"), a [CIA](/wiki/CIA "CIA")\-affiliated [assassin](/wiki/Assassination "Assassination"), and Voller's nefarious and trigger\-happy "lapdog".**### Teddy Kumar Teddy Kumar **(Ethann Isidore) is Helena's [Moroccan](/wiki/Moroccans "Moroccans") ward, described as a "Short Round\-type".**### Agent Mason Agent Mason **([Shaunette Renée Wilson](/wiki/Shaunette_Ren%C3%A9e_Wilson "Shaunette Renée Wilson")) is an [African American](/wiki/African_American "African American") [CIA](/wiki/CIA "CIA") agent who is (rather reluctantly) assigned to work for Voller. After revealing his true intentions to her, Voller shoots and kills her.**### Colonel Weber Colonel Weber **([Thomas Kretschmann](/wiki/Thomas_Kretschmann "Thomas Kretschmann")) is a Nazi [colonel](/wiki/Colonel "Colonel") whom Voller works for in 1944\. He manages to pursue Jones and Shaw through the train until he is killed during a scuffle with the latter.**### Hauke Hauke **([Olivier Richters](/wiki/Olivier_Richters "Olivier Richters")) is a henchman of Voller's.**Richter takes on the role of a heavybuilt henchman that opposes Indiana Jones, a role preceded by [Pat Roach](/wiki/Pat_Roach "Pat Roach") in the first two *Indiana Jones* films, and [Igor Jijikine](/wiki/Igor_Jijikine "Igor Jijikine") in *Kingdom of the Crystal Skull*. However, he is not defeated by Indy, rather, he is instead killed by Teddy, who straps him to an underwater grate, leaving him to drown. ### Pontimus Pontimus **([Mark Killeen](/wiki/Mark_Killeen "Mark Killeen")) is a [Roman soldier](/wiki/Roman_soldier "Roman soldier") who fought at the [Siege of Syracuse](/wiki/Siege_of_Syracuse_%28213%E2%80%93212_BC%29 "Siege of Syracuse (213–212 BC)") during 212 BC, who comes into conflict with the time travelling Nazis.**### Archimedes [Archimedes](/wiki/Archimedes "Archimedes") **(Nasser Memarzia) is a brilliant scientist from Syracuse, who in 212 BC invented the [Antikythera mechanism](/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism "Antikythera mechanism"), allowing for anyone to use it in the future to travel back in time to that date.**### Durkin Durkin **(Martin McDougall) is a CIA agent assigned to work for Voller alongside Mason. A previous accident forced him to have to use crutches to walk. He is presumably killed when Indy knocks over a shelf in an attempt to escape, crushing him.**Early in his career, Martin McDougall had portrayed a Red Cross worker named Joe in *[The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles](/wiki/The_Young_Indiana_Jones_Chronicles "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles")* episode "Northern Italy, June 1918" (later edited into the first half of the film *Tales of Innocence*, with its plot moved to 1917\). ### Aziz Rahim Aziz Rahim **(Alaa Safi) is the [millionaire](/wiki/Millionaire "Millionaire") son of a Moroccan mobster and the ex\-fiancé of [Helena Shaw](/wiki/%23Helena_Shaw "#Helena Shaw").**Introduced in other media ------------------------- ### Sophia Hapgood Sophia Hapgood **debuted in the 1992 video game *[Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Fate_of_Atlantis "Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis")* and its comic book adaptation. Sophia's backstory in *Fate of Atlantis* explains she was born in [Boston](/wiki/Boston "Boston") and became briefly romantically involved with Indiana while accompanying him on an expedition in [Iceland](/wiki/Iceland "Iceland"). Afterwards, she becomes a [psychic](/wiki/Psychic "Psychic") giving lectures on [Atlantis](/wiki/Atlantis "Atlantis"), and accompanies Indiana on his quest to stop the Nazis harnessing the lost city's power in 1939\. Sophia wears a necklace containing the Atlantean King's consciousness: although Indiana frees her from its power, an [alternate ending](/wiki/Alternate_ending "Alternate ending") depicts her being consumed and dying.**The *Thunder in the Orient* comic, set in 1938, has Sophia asked for Indiana's help securing a tablet by [Buddha](/wiki/Gautama_Buddha "Gautama Buddha"), which can help the reader achieve [nirvana](/wiki/Nirvana_%28concept%29 "Nirvana (concept)"): The [Empire of Japan](/wiki/Empire_of_Japan "Empire of Japan") wants it to unify Asia's 500 million Buddhists under its rule. Sophia is briefly captured by bandits in [Afghanistan](/wiki/Afghanistan "Afghanistan"), before battling Japanese soldiers for the tablet on the [Yangtze River](/wiki/Yangtze_River "Yangtze River") and losing it. In the 1999 video game sequel *[Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Infernal_Machine "Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine")*, Sophia, voiced by [Tasia Valenza](/wiki/Tasia_Valenza "Tasia Valenza"),[Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine's credits.](http://www.mobygames.com/game/windows/indiana-jones-and-the-infernal-machine/credits) is a [Central Intelligence Agency](/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency "Central Intelligence Agency") officer in 1947\. She accompanies Jones during his search for the [Babylonian](/wiki/Babylon "Babylon") Infernal Machine. In the game's finale, she is possessed by the god [Marduk](/wiki/Marduk "Marduk"), but Indiana frees her. ### Mei Ying Mei Ying''' debuted in 2003 video game [Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb](/wiki/Indiana_Jones_and_the_Emperor%27s_Tomb "Indiana Jones and the Emperor's Tomb")'' for PC, PS2, and Xbox. She is voiced by actress [Vivian Wu](/wiki/Vivian_Wu "Vivian Wu").

On which river does Mei Ying battle Japanese soldiers for the tablet?

Jocoro F.C.

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History

History ------- The club was founded in 1991\. In 1992, The club played in their very first season of professional football in Liga Mayor B (currently the Terecera division), the club would spend two seasons before winning promotion to the segunda division. [http://archivo.elsalvador.com/noticias/DIARIOS/ORIENTE/2002/9/28/DEPORTES/depor1\.html](http://archivo.elsalvador.com/noticias/DIARIOS/ORIENTE/2002/9/28/DEPORTES/depor1.html) The club spent years trying to promotion to the first division, they made the Playoff\-relegation game three times in 1998, 1999 and 2001, however they always fell short. The club finally succeeded in gaining promotion to the first division when they won the Apertura 2017 defeating El Roble de Ilobasco o aggregate, then winning the Clausura title defeating [Brujos de Izalco](/wiki/Brujos_de_Izalco "Brujos de Izalco") of [Izalco](/wiki/Izalco "Izalco") 6\-3 on aggregate, winning automatic promotion to the primera division. The club would go on to enjoy its most successful years through the 2020\-21 season they would earn a best\-ever third\-place result. Just missing on the final losing 2\-1 on aggregate against [Aguila](/wiki/C.D._Aguila "C.D. Aguila"). In the 2022 Apertura, Jocoro reached the Primera division final for the first time in the club's history under the direction of Jose Romero. However they lost 2\-0, which allowed FAS to become champions for the nineteenth time. After reaching two finals in five the years, the club suffered a disastrous season Clausura 3034, the club failed to stay consistent on and off the field, The club only won 2 games, 3 draws and 17 losses, the club was almost relegated, Jocoro had four coaches after the start of the 2010 season; all four coaches resigned due to results and lack of payment. Their last coach was Carlos Romero Finally It was announced that Jocoro had sold their spot in the primera division to [Titan](/wiki/C.D._Titan "C.D. Titan").

How many seasons did Jocoro spend trying to promote to the first division?

Nadaun, Himachal Pradesh

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Economy

Economy ------- Nadaun is a wholesale market hub. The economy is based on [agriculture](/wiki/Agriculture "Agriculture"), [business](/wiki/Business "Business"), and government employment. The villages in Nadaun sub\-division depend primarily on agriculture for their income such as dairy products and agricultural produce. In addition, there is a silk farm in Nadaun. Some people [earn their livelihood by fishing](/wiki/Fishing_in_India "Fishing in India") from the Beas river. Nadaun's business community is involved in small\- to medium\-sized businesses. These businesses take care of the day\-to\-day needs of not only Nadaun but also of nearby villages like Bela, Bharoli, Bharmoti, Chaukathi, Bhumpal, Bhatta, Gagaal, Jalari, and Sera. The main businesses in Nadaun are [grocery stores](/wiki/Grocery_store "Grocery store") (both [retail](/wiki/Retail "Retail") and [wholesale](/wiki/Wholesaling "Wholesaling")), furniture, [goldsmiths](/wiki/Goldsmith "Goldsmith"), [clothing](/wiki/Clothing "Clothing"), and construction materials. Some small\-scale industries exist in Nadaun which produce the finished products in some of these areas.

In what ways does agriculture contribute to the economy of Nadaun?

1897 in music

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Births

Births ------ * [January 2](/wiki/January_2 "January 2") – [Jane Green](/wiki/Jane_Green_%28singer%29 "Jane Green (singer)"), US singer (died [1931](/wiki/1931_in_music "1931 in music")) * [January 9](/wiki/January_9 "January 9") – [Luis Gianneo](/wiki/Luis_Gianneo "Luis Gianneo"), Argentine composer, pianist, and conductor (died [1968](/wiki/1968_in_music "1968 in music")) * [January 10](/wiki/January_10 "January 10") – [Sam Chatmon](/wiki/Sam_Chatmon "Sam Chatmon"), blues musician (died [1983](/wiki/1983_in_music "1983 in music")) * [January 22](/wiki/January_22 "January 22") + [Rosa Ponselle](/wiki/Rosa_Ponselle "Rosa Ponselle"), soprano (died [1981](/wiki/1981_in_music "1981 in music")) + [Leslie Sarony](/wiki/Leslie_Sarony "Leslie Sarony"), English singer, comedian and songwriter (died [1985](/wiki/1985_in_music "1985 in music")) * [February 12](/wiki/February_12 "February 12") – [Břetislav Bakala](/wiki/B%C5%99etislav_Bakala "Břetislav Bakala"), conductor and pianist (died 1958\) * [February 27](/wiki/February_27 "February 27") – [Marian Anderson](/wiki/Marian_Anderson "Marian Anderson"), contralto (died 1993\) * [March 3](/wiki/March_3 "March 3") – [Ingrid Lang\-Fagerström](/wiki/Ingrid_Lang-Fagerstr%C3%B6m "Ingrid Lang-Fagerström"), harpist (died [1990](/wiki/1990_in_music "1990 in music")) * [March 6](/wiki/March_6 "March 6") – [Sandy MacPherson](/wiki/Sandy_MacPherson "Sandy MacPherson"), theatre organist (died [1975](/wiki/1975 "1975")) * [March 9](/wiki/March_9 "March 9") – [Pedro Flores](/wiki/Pedro_Flores_%28composer%29 "Pedro Flores (composer)"), composer (died [1979](/wiki/1979_in_music "1979 in music")) * [March 11](/wiki/March_11 "March 11") – [Henry Cowell](/wiki/Henry_Cowell "Henry Cowell"), composer (died [1965](/wiki/1965_in_music "1965 in music")) * [March 13](/wiki/March_13 "March 13") – [Maria Nemeth](/wiki/Maria_Nemeth "Maria Nemeth"), Hungarian operatic soprano (died [1967](/wiki/1967_in_music "1967 in music")) * [March 21](/wiki/March_21 "March 21") – [Sim Gokkes](/wiki/Sim_Gokkes "Sim Gokkes"), Dutch\-Jewish composer (died [1943](/wiki/1943_in_music "1943 in music")) * [March 26](/wiki/March_26 "March 26") – [David McCallum, Sr.](/wiki/David_McCallum%2C_Sr. "David McCallum, Sr."), violinist and father of [David McCallum](/wiki/David_McCallum "David McCallum") (died [1972](/wiki/1972_in_music "1972 in music")) * [April 1](/wiki/April_1 "April 1") – [Lucille Bogan](/wiki/Lucille_Bogan "Lucille Bogan"), blues singer (died [1979](/wiki/1979_in_music "1979 in music")) * [April 8](/wiki/April_8 "April 8") – [John Frederick Coots](/wiki/John_Frederick_Coots "John Frederick Coots"), US composer (died 1985\) * [April 17](/wiki/April_17 "April 17") – [Harald Sæverud](/wiki/Harald_S%C3%A6verud "Harald Sæverud"), composer (died [1992](/wiki/1992_in_music "1992 in music")) * [April 19](/wiki/April_19 "April 19") – [Vivienne Segal](/wiki/Vivienne_Segal "Vivienne Segal"), US actress and singer (died 1992\) * [April 23](/wiki/April_23 "April 23") – [Pixinguinha](/wiki/Pixinguinha "Pixinguinha"), [choro](/wiki/Choro "Choro") composer and woodwind player (died [1973](/wiki/1973_in_music "1973 in music")) * [May 14](/wiki/May_14 "May 14") – [Sidney Bechet](/wiki/Sidney_Bechet "Sidney Bechet"), jazz saxophonist, clarinetist, and composer (died [1959](/wiki/1959_in_music "1959 in music")) * [May 29](/wiki/May_29 "May 29") – [Erich Wolfgang Korngold](/wiki/Erich_Wolfgang_Korngold "Erich Wolfgang Korngold"), composer (died 1957\) * [June 3](/wiki/June_3 "June 3") + [Memphis Minnie](/wiki/Memphis_Minnie "Memphis Minnie"), blues singer (died [1973](/wiki/1973_in_music "1973 in music")) + [Boris Kroyt](/wiki/Boris_Kroyt "Boris Kroyt"), classical violinist and violist, member of the [Budapest String Quartet](/wiki/Budapest_String_Quartet "Budapest String Quartet") from 1936 to 1967 (died [1969](/wiki/1969_in_music "1969 in music")) * [June 12](/wiki/June_12 "June 12") – [Alexandre Tansman](/wiki/Alexandre_Tansman "Alexandre Tansman"), pianist and composer (died [1986](/wiki/1986_in_music "1986 in music")) * [June 15](/wiki/June_15 "June 15") – [Mary Ellis](/wiki/Mary_Ellis "Mary Ellis"), actress and singer (died [2003](/wiki/2003_in_music "2003 in music")) * [June 22](/wiki/June_22 "June 22") – [Bulbul](/wiki/Bulbul_%28singer%29 "Bulbul (singer)"), opera and folk singer (died 1961\) * [June 27](/wiki/June_27 "June 27") – [Maceo Pinkard](/wiki/Maceo_Pinkard "Maceo Pinkard"), composer, lyricist and music publisher (died 1962\) * [August 10](/wiki/August_10 "August 10") — [Jack Haley](/wiki/Jack_Haley "Jack Haley"), American actor (d. 1979\) * [August 4](/wiki/August_4 "August 4") – [Abe Lyman](/wiki/Abe_Lyman "Abe Lyman"), US bandleader, composer and drummer (died [1957](/wiki/1957_in_music "1957 in music")) * [August 29](/wiki/August_29 "August 29") – [Helge Rosvaenge](/wiki/Helge_Rosvaenge "Helge Rosvaenge"), operatic tenor (died [1972](/wiki/1972_in_music "1972 in music")) * [September 3](/wiki/September_3 "September 3") – [Francisco Mignone](/wiki/Francisco_Mignone "Francisco Mignone"), composer (died [1986](/wiki/1986_in_music "1986 in music")) * [September 8](/wiki/September_8 "September 8") – [Jimmie Rodgers](/wiki/Jimmie_Rodgers_%28country_singer%29 "Jimmie Rodgers (country singer)"), country singer (died [1933](/wiki/1933_in_music "1933 in music")) * [September 18](/wiki/September_18 "September 18") + [Pablo Sorozábal](/wiki/Pablo_Soroz%C3%A1bal "Pablo Sorozábal"), composer (died 1988\) + [Sam H. Stept](/wiki/Sam_H._Stept "Sam H. Stept"), Russian\-born US composer, pianist and conductor (died [1964](/wiki/1964_in_music "1964 in music")) * [October 11](/wiki/October_11 "October 11") – [Leo Reisman](/wiki/Leo_Reisman "Leo Reisman"), violinist and bandleader (died [1961](/wiki/1961_in_music "1961 in music")) * [October 26](/wiki/October_26 "October 26") – [Tiana Lemnitz](/wiki/Tiana_Lemnitz "Tiana Lemnitz"), operatic soprano (died 1994\) * [November 2](/wiki/November_2 "November 2") – [Dennis King](/wiki/Dennis_King_%28actor%29 "Dennis King (actor)"), British singer and actor (died 1971\) * [November 12](/wiki/November_12 "November 12") – [Karl Marx](/wiki/Karl_Marx_%28composer%29 "Karl Marx (composer)"), conductor and composer (died 1985\) * [November 20](/wiki/November_20 "November 20") – [Margaret Sutherland](/wiki/Margaret_Sutherland "Margaret Sutherland"), composer (died 1984\) * [December 9](/wiki/December_9 "December 9") – [Hermione Gingold](/wiki/Hermione_Gingold "Hermione Gingold"), actress and singer (died [1987](/wiki/1987_in_music "1987 in music")) * [December 18](/wiki/December_18 "December 18") – [Fletcher Henderson](/wiki/Fletcher_Henderson "Fletcher Henderson"), jazz musician (died [1952](/wiki/1952_in_music "1952 in music")) * [December 26](/wiki/December_26 "December 26") — [Wilhelmina Schmidt](/wiki/Willy_Corsari "Willy Corsari"), singer and composer; stage name Willy Corsari (died [1998](/wiki/1998_in_music "1998 in music")) * [December 30](/wiki/December_30 "December 30") – [Alfredo Bracchi](/wiki/Alfredo_Bracchi "Alfredo Bracchi"), Italian lyricist (died [1976](/wiki/1976_in_music "1976 in music"))

When did Wilhelmina Schmidt die?

Operation Imposing Law

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February developments

### February developments On the second day of the operation U.S. and Iraqi forces pushed deeper into Sunni militant strongholds in Baghdad, mainly the [Doura district](/wiki/Doura_district "Doura district") in the south, where car\-bombs were set off in their advance. In two incidents, car\-bombs blew up as U.S. and Iraqi patrols passed and there were at least four civilian casualties. The operation began with very little resistance, and was hailed by Prime Minister [Nouri al\-Maliki](/wiki/Nouri_al-Maliki "Nouri al-Maliki") as a "brilliant success." There was a steep decline in violence during the first few days, but American generals were more cautious about making judgments on its success early on, stating that the results will be seen over the course of months. On 17 February, Iraqi Army spokesman Qasim al\-Musawi announced that attacks and killings in Baghdad had already declined by 80%. He also added that the Baghdad morgue usually received 40\-50 bodies per day but had received only 20 in the past 48 hours. On 18 February, [car bombings in a crowded market](/wiki/18_February_2007_Baghdad_bombings "18 February 2007 Baghdad bombings") killed 63, which was the first major bombing since the security plan went in place. The insurgent counterattack continued the next day as bombs continued to go off in Baghdad and a U.S. post was destroyed by a bombing which killed two troops and wounded 29\. On 24 February, the [Iraqi Prime Minister](/wiki/Iraqi_Prime_Minister "Iraqi Prime Minister") stated that 400 militants were killed in the operation which was contradictory to the statement given two days before by a senior Iraqi Brigadier, General Qassim Atta al\-Mussawi, who said 42 militants were killed and 246 captured. On the same day the Prime Minister gave the statement, insurgents stormed a checkpoint near [Baghdad International Airport](/wiki/Baghdad_International_Airport "Baghdad International Airport"), killing eight policemen. Also, two suicide bombers struck in Baghdad, one in the southern part killing one person and another outside the [SCIRI](/wiki/SCIRI "SCIRI") compound killing three. The next day a female bomber killed at least 41 and wounded 50 at Baghdad's [Mustansiriyah University](/wiki/Mustansiriyah_University "Mustansiriyah University"), while several [Katyusha](/wiki/Katyusha_rocket_launcher "Katyusha rocket launcher") rockets simultaneously killed at least a dozen in a Shiite neighborhood and a bomb detonated near the [Green Zone](/wiki/Green_Zone "Green Zone") killing two and wounded a dozen civilians. On 25 February, the Iraqi military announced that during heavy fighting in Baghdad, 13 Iraqi soldiers, including one officer, and 11 militants were killed and 219 militants were captured.[Reuters AlertNet – FACTBOX\-Security developments in Iraq, 25 Feb](http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/KAM539768.htm) The next day a bomb under a podium where the Sunni Iraqi Vice President was making a speech exploded. The bombing happened in the [Mansour district](/wiki/Mansour_district "Mansour district") while [Adil Abdul\-Mahdi](/wiki/Adil_Abdul-Mahdi "Adil Abdul-Mahdi") was talking to municipal officials. The bomb missed him by a minute as he had just finished the speech and left the podium. The explosion left Abdul\-Mahdi injured and at least ten people dead., 26 February 2007, CBS Broadcasting Inc.

Was this number contradicted by another statement made earlier?

ConDFW

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Introduction

**ConDFW** was a literary [science fiction](/wiki/Science_fiction "Science fiction") and [fantasy](/wiki/Fantasy "Fantasy") [convention](/wiki/Science_fiction_convention "Science fiction convention") held annually in the [Dallas, Texas](/wiki/Dallas%2C_Texas "Dallas, Texas"), area from 2002\-2019\. Attendees mingled with author and artist guests, attended panel discussions and readings led by guests, got books signed, looked at and bought sci\-fi and fantasy art from artists around the country, shopped in a dealer's room with books, art, games, clothing, weapons, and other items, donated used books to charity (and got some others in return), played games (both tabletop and live\-action), or just hung out and talked to guests and attendees in the consuite or the hotel bar. ConDFW is a production of the Texas Speculative Fiction Association.

Who produced ConDFW?

Football Kingz FC

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All-time NSL win/loss

### All\-time NSL win/loss | Club | Pld | Wins | Draw | Loss | Goals For | Goals Against | Goal Diff | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | |[Adelaide Force](/wiki/Adelaide_City "Adelaide City") 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 20 | −14 | |[Adelaide United FC](/wiki/Adelaide_United_FC "Adelaide United FC") 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 4 | −3 | |[Brisbane Strikers](/wiki/Brisbane_Strikers_F.C. "Brisbane Strikers F.C.") 10 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 16 | 18 | −2 | |[Canberra Cosmos](/wiki/Canberra_Cosmos "Canberra Cosmos") 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 2 | |[Carlton S.C.](/wiki/Carlton_S.C. "Carlton S.C.") 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 3 | |[Eastern Pride](/wiki/Morwell_Falcons "Morwell Falcons") / [Gippsland Falcons](/wiki/Morwell_Falcons "Morwell Falcons") 2/2 | 2/1 | 0/1 | 0/0 | 5/3 | 2/1 | 3/2 | |[Marconi Stallions](/wiki/Marconi_Stallions_FC "Marconi Stallions FC") 10 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 17 | 14 | 3 | |[Melbourne Knights](/wiki/Melbourne_Knights_FC "Melbourne Knights FC") 10 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 14 | 21 | −7 | |[Newcastle Breakers](/wiki/Newcastle_Breakers_FC "Newcastle Breakers FC") 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | −1 | |[Newcastle United](/wiki/Newcastle_United_Jets_FC "Newcastle United Jets FC") 8 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 12 | 11 | 1 | |[Northern Spirit](/wiki/Northern_Spirit_FC "Northern Spirit FC") 10 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 16 | 23 | −7 | |[Parramatta Power](/wiki/Parramatta_Power "Parramatta Power") 10 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 16 | 26 | −10 | |[Perth Glory](/wiki/Perth_Glory_FC "Perth Glory FC") 10 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 12 | 33 | −21 | |[South Melbourne](/wiki/South_Melbourne_FC "South Melbourne FC") 10 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 12 | 26 | −14 | |[Sydney Olympic](/wiki/Sydney_Olympic_Football_Club "Sydney Olympic Football Club") 10 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 15 | 18 | −3 | |[Sydney United](/wiki/Sydney_United_FC "Sydney United FC") 10 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 13 | −3 | |[Wollongong Wolves](/wiki/South_Coast_Wolves_Football_Club "South Coast Wolves Football Club") 12 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 17 | 23 | −6 | | **Total** **136** | **47** | **26** | **63** | **188** | **265** | **\-77** |

What are the all-time NSL win/loss records for each club?

Kenneth Button (physicist)

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Introduction

**Kenneth John Button** (11 October 1922, [Rochester, New York](/wiki/Rochester%2C_New_York "Rochester, New York") – 30 August 2010, [Indialantic, Florida](/wiki/Indialantic%2C_Florida "Indialantic, Florida")) was a solid\-state and plasma physicist. He was the editor\-in\-chief of the [*International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves*](/wiki/Journal_of_Infrared%2C_Millimeter%2C_and_Terahertz_Waves "Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves") from its inception in 1980 until his resignation in 2004\.

When did Kenneth John Button pass away?

Ade Coker

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U.S. national team

U.S. national team ------------------ Coker earned 5 [caps](/wiki/Cap_%28sports%29 "Cap (sports)") with the [U.S. national team](/wiki/USMNT "USMNT"). He earned his first cap in a September 9, 1984, scoreless draw with the [Netherlands Antilles](/wiki/Netherlands_Antilles_national_football_team "Netherlands Antilles national football team"). A month later, he scored twice as in a 4–0 victory over the Netherlands Antilles after coming on for [Chance Fry](/wiki/Chance_Fry "Chance Fry"). He scored again two matches later, a 1–0 victory over [Colombia](/wiki/Colombia_national_football_team "Colombia national football team"). He played his fifth and last match for the U.S. in a 2–1 loss to [Mexico](/wiki/Mexico_national_football_team "Mexico national football team") on October 17, 1984\.

Against whom did the U.S. national team win 4-0?

2014 Daytona 500

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Race

Race ---- [thumb\|[Dale Earnhardt Jr.](/wiki/Dale_Earnhardt_Jr. "Dale Earnhardt Jr.") won his second Daytona 500 exactly ten years after he won his first 500](/wiki/File:Dale_Jr_-_Pocono_400_2012.jpg "Dale Jr - Pocono 400 2012.jpg") ### First half #### Start [Austin Dillon](/wiki/Austin_Dillon "Austin Dillon") started on pole, but led only the first lap. On the next lap, [Denny Hamlin](/wiki/Denny_Hamlin "Denny Hamlin") took the lead from Dillon. On lap 11, Hamlin dropped back, letting [Kurt Busch](/wiki/Kurt_Busch "Kurt Busch") take the lead. The first caution came out on lap 23 when [Kyle Larson](/wiki/Kyle_Larson "Kyle Larson") spun in turn 2 after getting two flat tires. [Paul Menard](/wiki/Paul_Menard "Paul Menard") assumed the lead on the restart and led for five laps, before Hamlin passed him for the lead. [Kyle Busch](/wiki/Kyle_Busch "Kyle Busch") passed him a lap later for the lead. On lap 31, [Martin Truex Jr.](/wiki/Martin_Truex_Jr. "Martin Truex Jr.")'s engine blew up, bringing out the second caution a lap later. #### Rain delay While the field was under caution, it began to rain and by lap 39, the red flag was thrown with [Kyle Busch](/wiki/Kyle_Busch "Kyle Busch") leading the race. At 2:50 p.m. local time, a [tornado warning](/wiki/Tornado_warning "Tornado warning") was issued for the speedway area and the grandstands were evacuated. The red flag lasted for 6 hours and 22 minutes as track\-drying was delayed due to ongoing rain showers; this would make it the longest rain delay in Daytona 500 history. The race restarted at 8:52 p.m. local time. #### Restart After the red flag was lifted, the race ran seven laps under caution while the Air Titan did a pass over pit road. After pit stops, the race restarted on lap 47, with Kyle Busch still leading. Busch and [Kasey Kahne](/wiki/Kasey_Kahne "Kasey Kahne") traded the lead over the next few laps, before both faded and the Team Penske Fords of [Brad Keselowski](/wiki/Brad_Keselowski "Brad Keselowski") and [Joey Logano](/wiki/Joey_Logano "Joey Logano") took the point and swapped the lead for several laps. Menard also led seven laps during this time. During green flag pit stops around lap 85, [Trevor Bayne](/wiki/Trevor_Bayne "Trevor Bayne"), [Aric Almirola](/wiki/Aric_Almirola "Aric Almirola"), [A. J. Allmendinger](/wiki/A._J._Allmendinger "A. J. Allmendinger"), [Justin Allgaier](/wiki/Justin_Allgaier "Justin Allgaier"), [Michael Waltrip](/wiki/Michael_Waltrip "Michael Waltrip") and [Danica Patrick](/wiki/Danica_Patrick "Danica Patrick") briefly held the lead for a couple laps at a time due to different pit strategies. Also during the cycle, moisture at the exit of pit road from the heavy rain shower caused Kahne to spin out into the grass exiting pit road and Kyle Busch pulled an air hose out of his stall exiting pit road, resulting in a pass through penalty – despite these incidents, the race remained under green. ### Second half #### Halfway When the pit stop cycle ended, [Paul Menard](/wiki/Paul_Menard "Paul Menard") was on point, where he stayed until lap 107, when [Jimmie Johnson](/wiki/Jimmie_Johnson "Jimmie Johnson") took the lead and held it for 9 laps, until Keselowski took it on lap 116\. Five laps later, Johnson passed Keselowski back for the lead, and held it until another cycle of pit stops on lap 127\. At the conclusion of this cycle, [Dale Earnhardt Jr.](/wiki/Dale_Earnhardt_Jr. "Dale Earnhardt Jr.") assumed the lead on lap 131 for the first time. He held the lead for thirteen laps, until lap 144, when [Carl Edwards](/wiki/Carl_Edwards "Carl Edwards") passed him. A lap later, Earnhardt retook the lead from Edwards. #### The "Big One" On lap 145, the third caution came out for a crash on the front straightaway. It started when [Kevin Harvick](/wiki/Kevin_Harvick "Kevin Harvick") and [Brian Scott](/wiki/Brian_Scott "Brian Scott") made contact in the exit of turn 4, sending Scott into Almirola. Almirola shot across the track and collected several more cars including Patrick, Waltrip, [Parker Kligerman](/wiki/Parker_Kligerman "Parker Kligerman"), [Paul Menard](/wiki/Paul_Menard "Paul Menard"), [David Gilliland](/wiki/David_Gilliland "David Gilliland"), [Josh Wise](/wiki/Josh_Wise "Josh Wise"), Austin Dillon, Justin Allgaier, Kasey Kahne and [Marcos Ambrose](/wiki/Marcos_Ambrose "Marcos Ambrose"). Patrick took the worst hit, as her car got turned by Almirola and slammed the outside wall in the tri\-oval in a part of the track that lacked a [SAFER barrier](/wiki/SAFER_barrier "SAFER barrier"); the section of wall where Patrick hit the wall would receive a SAFER barrier before the rain\-shortened Coke Zero 400 that summer. Upon exiting her car, Patrick felt "upset because the car felt really good, it was the best car \[she's] had all of Speedweeks" and that her car "could catch whoever and move around...and move forward". Waltrip was more forthright in his thoughts on the crash, stating he "was going to be fine" but that another car "cleaned our clock from behind". #### Closing stages [Greg Biffle](/wiki/Greg_Biffle "Greg Biffle") assumed the lead from Earnhardt Jr. on lap 151 after pit stops. He led the restart on lap 154, but Earnhardt Jr. quickly regained the lead for two laps, before Biffle repassed him. Biffle led for three more laps before Earnhardt Jr. repassed him on lap 159\. On lap 162, the fourth caution came out for a crash in turn 4 at the back of the pack. It occurred when [Kyle Larson](/wiki/Kyle_Larson "Kyle Larson") spun in turn 4 from contact with Dillon, causing major damage to several more cars including Marcos Ambrose, Kahne, Annett, [Jamie McMurray](/wiki/Jamie_McMurray "Jamie McMurray"), [Ryan Newman](/wiki/Ryan_Newman_%28racing_driver%29 "Ryan Newman (racing driver)"), Brian Scott, [Brian Vickers](/wiki/Brian_Vickers "Brian Vickers") and [Casey Mears](/wiki/Casey_Mears "Casey Mears"). Earnhardt Jr. continued to lead on the restart on lap 169\. He led until lap 173, when Biffle again passed him for the lead. Biffle led for two laps before he was passed by Edwards for the lead. Edwards led three laps, before Earnhardt Jr. passed them back for a lap, before handing the lead back to Edwards for four more laps. Earnhardt Jr. gained the lead for the last time on lap 183\. ##### Finish On lap 184, the fifth caution flag came out when Bayne's car snapped loose and crashed into the outside wall on the back straightaway. When the race restarted on lap 188, Earnhardt Jr. moved in front of Johnson to secure the lead. On lap 194, the sixth caution came out for a crash in turn 3\. It started when Austin Dillon turned Ryan Newman. Newman's car turned sideways and collected five more cars, including Allgaier, Scott, Kligerman, [Terry Labonte](/wiki/Terry_Labonte "Terry Labonte"), and [Cole Whitt](/wiki/Cole_Whitt "Cole Whitt"), and set up a two lap shootout for the last restart. Although close on fuel and with a piece of bear bond from Newman's car stuck to his grill, Earnhardt Jr. took off on the last restart, moving in front of [Jeff Gordon](/wiki/Jeff_Gordon "Jeff Gordon"). Over the course of the last lap, an intense battle for the runner\-up spots unfolded between Gordon, Hamlin, Johnson and Keselowski. Heading through turn 4, Harvick tried to force himself between McMurray and Kyle Busch in turn 4, and a wreck ensued as Harvick was sent into the wall, collecting a number of other cars including McMurray, Busch, Edwards, and [Reed Sorenson](/wiki/Reed_Sorenson "Reed Sorenson"). While that was happening, Earnhardt Jr. held off Hamlin and took the caution and checkered flags to score his second Daytona 500 victory. Earnhardt Jr. stated that his car was "awesome" and after some help from Gordon on the restart, Earnhardt Jr. "just took care of it from there". ### Race results | Pos | Grid | Car No. | Driver | Team | Manufacturer | | Time/retired | | Points | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | 9 | 88 | [Dale Earnhardt Jr.](/wiki/Dale_Earnhardt_Jr. "Dale Earnhardt Jr.") **(W)** | [Hendrick Motorsports](/wiki/Hendrick_Motorsports "Hendrick Motorsports") | [Chevrolet](/wiki/Chevrolet "Chevrolet") | 200 | 3:26:29\.000 | 54 | **48** | | 2 | 4 | 11 | [Denny Hamlin](/wiki/Denny_Hamlin "Denny Hamlin") | [Joe Gibbs Racing](/wiki/Joe_Gibbs_Racing "Joe Gibbs Racing") | Toyota | 200 | \+0\.092 | 16 | **43** | | 3 | 33 | 2 | [Brad Keselowski](/wiki/Brad_Keselowski "Brad Keselowski") | [Team Penske](/wiki/Team_Penske "Team Penske") | Ford | 200 | \+0\.234 | 13 | **42** | | 4 | 6 | 24 | [Jeff Gordon](/wiki/Jeff_Gordon "Jeff Gordon") **(W)** | [Hendrick Motorsports](/wiki/Hendrick_Motorsports "Hendrick Motorsports") | Chevrolet | 200 | \+0\.280 | 0 | **40** | | 5 | 32 | 48 | [Jimmie Johnson](/wiki/Jimmie_Johnson "Jimmie Johnson") **(W)** | [Hendrick Motorsports](/wiki/Hendrick_Motorsports "Hendrick Motorsports") | Chevrolet | 200 | \+0\.203 | 15 | **40** | | 6 | 3 | 20 | [Matt Kenseth](/wiki/Matt_Kenseth "Matt Kenseth") **(W)** | [Joe Gibbs Racing](/wiki/Joe_Gibbs_Racing "Joe Gibbs Racing") | Toyota | 200 | \+0\.391 | 0 | **38** | | 7 | 34 | 17 | [Ricky Stenhouse Jr.](/wiki/Ricky_Stenhouse_Jr. "Ricky Stenhouse Jr.") | [Roush Fenway Racing](/wiki/Roush_Fenway_Racing "Roush Fenway Racing") | Ford | 200 | \+0\.378 | 0 | **37** | | 8 | 25 | 16 | [Greg Biffle](/wiki/Greg_Biffle "Greg Biffle") | [Roush Fenway Racing](/wiki/Roush_Fenway_Racing "Roush Fenway Racing") | Ford | 200 | \+0\.508 | 8 | **37** | | 9 | 1 | 3 | [Austin Dillon](/wiki/Austin_Dillon "Austin Dillon") | [Richard Childress Racing](/wiki/Richard_Childress_Racing "Richard Childress Racing") | Chevrolet | 200 | \+0\.478 | 1 | **36** | | 10 | 28 | 13 | [Casey Mears](/wiki/Casey_Mears "Casey Mears") | [Germain Racing](/wiki/Germain_Racing "Germain Racing") | Chevrolet | 200 | \+0\.808 | 0 | **34** | | 11 | 35 | 22 | [Joey Logano](/wiki/Joey_Logano "Joey Logano") | [Team Penske](/wiki/Team_Penske "Team Penske") | Ford | 200 | \+1\.474 | 2 | **34** | | 12 | 18 | 40 | [Landon Cassill](/wiki/Landon_Cassill "Landon Cassill") | [Hillman Racing](/wiki/Hillman_Racing "Hillman Racing") | Chevrolet | 200 | \+2\.939 | 0 | **\-** | | 13 | 38 | 4 | [Kevin Harvick](/wiki/Kevin_Harvick "Kevin Harvick") **(W)** | [Stewart\-Haas Racing](/wiki/Stewart-Haas_Racing "Stewart-Haas Racing") | Chevrolet | 200 | \+4\.175 | 0 | **31** | | 14 | 22 | 1 | [Jamie McMurray](/wiki/Jamie_McMurray "Jamie McMurray") **(W)** | [Chip Ganassi Racing](/wiki/Chip_Ganassi_Racing "Chip Ganassi Racing") | Chevrolet | 200 | \+4\.269 | 0 | **30** | | 15 | 26 | 52 | [Bobby Labonte](/wiki/Bobby_Labonte "Bobby Labonte") | [HScott Motorsports](/wiki/HScott_Motorsports "HScott Motorsports") | Chevrolet | 200 | \+5\.299 | 0 | **29** | | 16 | 39 | 36 | [Reed Sorenson](/wiki/Reed_Sorenson "Reed Sorenson") | [Tommy Baldwin Racing](/wiki/Tommy_Baldwin_Racing "Tommy Baldwin Racing") | Chevrolet | 200 | \+5\.737 | 0 | **28** | | 17 | 30 | 99 | [Carl Edwards](/wiki/Carl_Edwards "Carl Edwards") | [Roush Fenway Racing](/wiki/Roush_Fenway_Racing "Roush Fenway Racing") | Ford | 200 | \+10\.573 | 8 | **28** | | 18 | 7 | 9 | [Marcos Ambrose](/wiki/Marcos_Ambrose "Marcos Ambrose") | [Richard Petty Motorsports](/wiki/Richard_Petty_Motorsports "Richard Petty Motorsports") | Ford | 200 | \+12\.845 | 0 | **26** | | 19 | 37 | 18 | [Kyle Busch](/wiki/Kyle_Busch "Kyle Busch") | [Joe Gibbs Racing](/wiki/Joe_Gibbs_Racing "Joe Gibbs Racing") | Toyota | 200 | \+21\.527 | 19 | **26** | | 20 | 24 | 32 | [Terry Labonte](/wiki/Terry_Labonte "Terry Labonte") | [Go FAS Racing](/wiki/Go_FAS_Racing "Go FAS Racing") | Ford | 200 | \+1 lap | 0 | **24** | | 21 | 8 | 41 | [Kurt Busch](/wiki/Kurt_Busch "Kurt Busch") | [Stewart\-Haas Racing](/wiki/Stewart-Haas_Racing "Stewart-Haas Racing") | Chevrolet | 199 | \+1 lap | 15 | **24** | | 22 | 19 | 31 | [Ryan Newman](/wiki/Ryan_Newman_%28racing_driver%29 "Ryan Newman (racing driver)") **(W)** | [Richard Childress Racing](/wiki/Richard_Childress_Racing "Richard Childress Racing") | Chevrolet | 199 | \+1 lap | 0 | **22** | | 23 | 29 | 23 | [Alex Bowman](/wiki/Alex_Bowman "Alex Bowman") **(R)** | [BK Racing](/wiki/BK_Racing "BK Racing") | Toyota | 198 | \+2 laps | 0 | **21** | | 24 | 11 | 98 | [Josh Wise](/wiki/Josh_Wise "Josh Wise") | [Phil Parsons Racing](/wiki/Phil_Parsons_Racing "Phil Parsons Racing") | Chevrolet | 196 | \+4 laps | 0 | **20** | | 25 | 12 | 33 | [Brian Scott](/wiki/Brian_Scott "Brian Scott") **(R)** | [Richard Childress Racing](/wiki/Richard_Childress_Racing "Richard Childress Racing") | Chevrolet | 196 | \+4 laps | 0 | **\-** | | 26 | 15 | 47 | [A. J. Allmendinger](/wiki/A._J._Allmendinger "A. J. Allmendinger") | [JTG Daugherty Racing](/wiki/JTG_Daugherty_Racing "JTG Daugherty Racing") | Chevrolet | 194 | \+6 laps | 1 | **19** | | 27 | 40 | 51 | [Justin Allgaier](/wiki/Justin_Allgaier "Justin Allgaier") **(R)** | [HScott Motorsports](/wiki/HScott_Motorsports "HScott Motorsports") | Chevrolet | 193 | Contact | 4 | **18** | | 28 | 23 | 26 | [Cole Whitt](/wiki/Cole_Whitt "Cole Whitt") **(R)** | [Swan Racing](/wiki/Swan_Racing "Swan Racing") | Toyota | 193 | Contact | 0 | **16** | | 29 | 41 | 30 | [Parker Kligerman](/wiki/Parker_Kligerman "Parker Kligerman") **(R)** | [Swan Racing](/wiki/Swan_Racing "Swan Racing") | Toyota | 193 | Contact | 0 | **15** | | 30 | 31 | 55 | [Brian Vickers](/wiki/Brian_Vickers "Brian Vickers") | [Michael Waltrip Racing](/wiki/Michael_Waltrip_Racing "Michael Waltrip Racing") | Toyota | 192 | \+8 laps | 0 | **14** | | 31 | 5 | 5 | [Kasey Kahne](/wiki/Kasey_Kahne "Kasey Kahne") | [Hendrick Motorsports](/wiki/Hendrick_Motorsports "Hendrick Motorsports") | Chevrolet | 192 | \+8 laps | 2 | **14** | | 32 | 10 | 27 | [Paul Menard](/wiki/Paul_Menard "Paul Menard") | [Richard Childress Racing](/wiki/Richard_Childress_Racing "Richard Childress Racing") | Chevrolet | 184 | \+16 laps | 29 | **13** | | 33 | 14 | 21 | [Trevor Bayne](/wiki/Trevor_Bayne "Trevor Bayne") **(W)** | [Wood Brothers Racing](/wiki/Wood_Brothers_Racing "Wood Brothers Racing") | Ford | 183 | Contact | 2 | **\-** | | 34 | 43 | 34 | [David Ragan](/wiki/David_Ragan "David Ragan") | [Front Row Motorsports](/wiki/Front_Row_Motorsports "Front Row Motorsports") | Ford | 176 | \+24 laps | 0 | **10** | | 35 | 21 | 14 | [Tony Stewart](/wiki/Tony_Stewart "Tony Stewart") | [Stewart\-Haas Racing](/wiki/Stewart-Haas_Racing "Stewart-Haas Racing") | Chevrolet | 174 | \+26 laps | 0 | **9** | | 36 | 17 | 38 | [David Gilliland](/wiki/David_Gilliland "David Gilliland") | [Front Row Motorsports](/wiki/Front_Row_Motorsports "Front Row Motorsports") | Ford | 171 | \+29 laps | 0 | **8** | | 37 | 36 | 7 | [Michael Annett](/wiki/Michael_Annett "Michael Annett") **(R)** | [Tommy Baldwin Racing](/wiki/Tommy_Baldwin_Racing "Tommy Baldwin Racing") | Chevrolet | 161 | Contact | 0 | **7** | | 38 | 16 | 42 | [Kyle Larson](/wiki/Kyle_Larson "Kyle Larson") **(R)** | [Chip Ganassi Racing](/wiki/Chip_Ganassi_Racing "Chip Ganassi Racing") | Chevrolet | 160 | Contact | 0 | **6** | | 39 | 13 | 43 | [Aric Almirola](/wiki/Aric_Almirola "Aric Almirola") | [Richard Petty Motorsports](/wiki/Richard_Petty_Motorsports "Richard Petty Motorsports") | Ford | 146 | Contact | 5 | **6** | | 40 | 27 | 10 | [Danica Patrick](/wiki/Danica_Patrick "Danica Patrick") | [Stewart\-Haas Racing](/wiki/Stewart-Haas_Racing "Stewart-Haas Racing") | Chevrolet | 145 | Contact | 2 | **5** | | 41 | 42 | 66 | [Michael Waltrip](/wiki/Michael_Waltrip "Michael Waltrip") **(W)** | [Identity Ventures Racing](/wiki/Identity_Ventures_Racing "Identity Ventures Racing") | Toyota | 144 | Contact | 4 | **4** | | 42 | 20 | 15 | [Clint Bowyer](/wiki/Clint_Bowyer "Clint Bowyer") | [Michael Waltrip Racing](/wiki/Michael_Waltrip_Racing "Michael Waltrip Racing") | Toyota | 127 | Engine | 0 | **2** | | 43 | 2 | 78 | [Martin Truex Jr.](/wiki/Martin_Truex_Jr. "Martin Truex Jr.") | [Furniture Row Racing](/wiki/Furniture_Row_Racing "Furniture Row Racing") | Chevrolet | 30 | Engine | 0 | **1** | ### Race statistics * Lead changes: 42 among different drivers * Cautions/Laps: 7 for 39 * Red flags: 1 for 6 hours, 21 minutes and 40 seconds * Time of race: 3 hours, 26 minutes and 29 seconds * Average speed: |Lap Leaders | | | Laps | Leader | | 1 | [Austin Dillon](/wiki/Austin_Dillon "Austin Dillon") **(R)** | | 2\-10 | [Denny Hamlin](/wiki/Denny_Hamlin "Denny Hamlin") | | 11\-25 | [Kurt Busch](/wiki/Kurt_Busch "Kurt Busch") | | 26\-30 | [Paul Menard](/wiki/Paul_Menard "Paul Menard") | | 31 | Denny Hamlin | | 32\-45 | [Kyle Busch](/wiki/Kyle_Busch "Kyle Busch") | | 46 | [Kasey Kahne](/wiki/Kasey_Kahne "Kasey Kahne") | | 47 | Kyle Busch | | 48 | Kasey Kahne | | 49 | Kyle Busch | | 50\-55 | Denny Hamlin | | 56 | Kyle Busch | | 57 | [Brad Keselowski](/wiki/Brad_Keselowski "Brad Keselowski") | | 58\-59 | Kyle Busch | | 60\-63 | Brad Keselowski | | 64\-70 | Paul Menard | | 71\-72 | [Joey Logano](/wiki/Joey_Logano "Joey Logano") | | 73\-75 | Brad Keselowski | | 76\-77 | [Trevor Bayne](/wiki/Trevor_Bayne "Trevor Bayne") **(W)** | | 78\-82 | [Aric Almirola](/wiki/Aric_Almirola "Aric Almirola") | | 83 | [A. J. Allmendinger](/wiki/A._J._Allmendinger "A. J. Allmendinger") | | 84 | [Justin Allgaier](/wiki/Justin_Allgaier "Justin Allgaier") **(R)** | | 85\-86 | [Danica Patrick](/wiki/Danica_Patrick "Danica Patrick") | | 87 | Justin Allgaier **(R)** | | 88\-89 | [Michael Waltrip](/wiki/Michael_Waltrip "Michael Waltrip") **(W)** | | 90\-106 | Paul Menard | | 107\-115 | [Jimmie Johnson](/wiki/Jimmie_Johnson "Jimmie Johnson") **(W)** | | 116\-120 | Brad Keselowski | | 121\-126 | Jimmie Johnson **(W)** | | 127\-128 | Justin Allgaier **(R)** | | 129\-130 | Michael Waltrip **(W)** | | 131\-143 | [Dale Earnhardt Jr.](/wiki/Dale_Earnhardt_Jr. "Dale Earnhardt Jr.") **(W)** | | 144 | [Carl Edwards](/wiki/Carl_Edwards "Carl Edwards") | | 145\-150 | [Dale Earnhardt Jr.](/wiki/Dale_Earnhardt_Jr. "Dale Earnhardt Jr.") **(W)** | | 151\-153 | [Greg Biffle](/wiki/Greg_Biffle "Greg Biffle") | | 154\-155 | Dale Earnhardt Jr. **(W)** | | 156\-158 | Greg Biffle | | 159\-172 | Dale Earnhardt Jr. **(W)** | | 173\-174 | Greg Biffle | | 175\-177 | Carl Edwards | | 178 | Dale Earnhardt Jr. **(W)** | | 179\-182 | Carl Edwards | | 183\-200 | Dale Earnhardt Jr. **(W)** | |Total laps led | | | Leader | Laps | | [Dale Earnhardt Jr.](/wiki/Dale_Earnhardt_Jr. "Dale Earnhardt Jr.") **(W)** | 54 | | [Paul Menard](/wiki/Paul_Menard "Paul Menard") | 29 | | [Kyle Busch](/wiki/Kyle_Busch "Kyle Busch") | 19 | | [Denny Hamlin](/wiki/Denny_Hamlin "Denny Hamlin") | 16 | | [Jimmie Johnson](/wiki/Jimmie_Johnson "Jimmie Johnson") **(W)** | 15 | | [Kurt Busch](/wiki/Kurt_Busch "Kurt Busch") | 15 | | [Brad Keselowski](/wiki/Brad_Keselowski "Brad Keselowski") | 13 | | [Greg Biffle](/wiki/Greg_Biffle "Greg Biffle") | 8 | | [Carl Edwards](/wiki/Carl_Edwards "Carl Edwards") | 8 | | [Aric Almirola](/wiki/Aric_Almirola "Aric Almirola") | 5 | | [Justin Allgaier](/wiki/Justin_Allgaier "Justin Allgaier") **(R)** | 4 | | [Michael Waltrip](/wiki/Michael_Waltrip "Michael Waltrip") **(W)** | 4 | | [Joey Logano](/wiki/Joey_Logano "Joey Logano") | 2 | | [Kasey Kahne](/wiki/Kasey_Kahne "Kasey Kahne") | 2 | | [Trevor Bayne](/wiki/Trevor_Bayne "Trevor Bayne") **(W)** | 2 | | [Danica Patrick](/wiki/Danica_Patrick "Danica Patrick") | 2 | | [Austin Dillon](/wiki/Austin_Dillon "Austin Dillon") **(R)** | 1 | | [A. J. Allmendinger](/wiki/A._J._Allmendinger "A. J. Allmendinger") | 1 |

Did Carl Edwards win any stage?

New York's 11th State Assembly district

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Geography

Geography --------- ### 2020s District 11 contains portions of [Suffolk](/wiki/Suffolk_County%2C_New_York "Suffolk County, New York") and [Nassau](/wiki/Nassau_County%2C_New_York "Nassau County, New York") counties. It includes portions of the town of [Babylon](/wiki/Babylon%2C_New_York "Babylon, New York"), including [Lindenhurst](/wiki/Lindenhurst%2C_New_York "Lindenhurst, New York"), [Amityville](/wiki/Amityville%2C_New_York "Amityville, New York"), [Wheatley Heights](/wiki/Wheatley_Heights%2C_New_York "Wheatley Heights, New York") and parts of [Wyandanch](/wiki/Wyandanch%2C_New_York "Wyandanch, New York"). It also includes a portion of [East Massapequa](/wiki/East_Massapequa%2C_New_York "East Massapequa, New York"). ### 2010s District 11 is in [Suffolk County](/wiki/Suffolk_County%2C_New_York "Suffolk County, New York"). It includes portions of the town of [Babylon](/wiki/Babylon%2C_New_York "Babylon, New York"), including [Lindenhurst](/wiki/Lindenhurst%2C_New_York "Lindenhurst, New York"), [Amityville](/wiki/Amityville%2C_New_York "Amityville, New York"), [Wheatley Heights](/wiki/Wheatley_Heights%2C_New_York "Wheatley Heights, New York") and parts of [Wyandanch](/wiki/Wyandanch%2C_New_York "Wyandanch, New York").

How many counties does District 11 contain portions of?

St George's House (Windsor Castle)

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St George's House Lectures

### St George's House Lectures #### The Annual Lecture The Annual Lecture was established in 1978 and is sponsored by [Rio Tinto](/wiki/Rio_Tinto_%28corporation%29 "Rio Tinto (corporation)"). The first lecture was given by Mr [Kingman Brewster](/wiki/Kingman_Brewster_Jr. "Kingman Brewster Jr."), then Ambassador of the US in London. The 2016 Lecture was given by Dr [Rowan Williams](/wiki/Rowan_Williams "Rowan Williams"), former Archbishop of Canterbury. #### The Elson Ethics Lecture The Elson Ethics Lecture is supported by Ambassador Edward Elston to promote discussion and debate on issues of an ethical and moral nature. The 2016 Elson Ethics Lecture was given by the Baroness [Manningham\-Buller](/wiki/Eliza_Manningham-Buller "Eliza Manningham-Buller") LG DCB, former Director\-General of [MI5](/wiki/MI5 "MI5"), the Security Service.

When was the Annual Lecture established?

Scorpion Express

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Introduction

**Scorpion Express** (originally the **Runaway Train**) was a mine train themed [powered roller coaster](/wiki/Powered_roller_coaster "Powered roller coaster") at [Chessington World of Adventures](/wiki/Chessington_World_of_Adventures "Chessington World of Adventures") in [Greater London](/wiki/Greater_London "Greater London"), England. It opened with the theme park in 1987 as the Runaway Train. The original ride was closed in 2012 for refurbishment and reopened on 14 March 2014, with the same track layout but new name and theming. Scorpion Express is set in a small mining village, featuring an animated metalwork scorpion. Scorpion Express closed in July 2022 following an incident, and, , it was revealed in the future planning proposals for the park that it would not return.

Is there an animated feature in the Scorpion Express area?

Richard B. Angus

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Building the Canadian Pacific Railway

Building the Canadian Pacific Railway ------------------------------------- During his time with the Bank of Montreal, Angus was free to pursue opportunities for private investment. In 1868, he went into partnership with the future Lords [Mount Stephen](/wiki/George_Stephen%2C_1st_Baron_Mount_Stephen "George Stephen, 1st Baron Mount Stephen") and [Strathcona](/wiki/Donald_Smith%2C_1st_Baron_Strathcona_and_Mount_Royal "Donald Smith, 1st Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal") at the time that they were becoming interested in developing railways across to the [Canadian West](/wiki/Canadian_West "Canadian West"). Their ventures were largely financed by the Bank of Montreal, of which Mount Stephen was president, and as his number two at the bank, Angus was closely involved. Angus resigned from the bank in 1879, briefly relocating to [St. Paul, Minnesota](/wiki/St._Paul%2C_Minnesota "St. Paul, Minnesota"), to represent the group's interests there as vice\-president of the [Saint Paul and Pacific Railroad](/wiki/Saint_Paul_and_Pacific_Railroad "Saint Paul and Pacific Railroad"). In [Minnesota](/wiki/Minnesota "Minnesota"), Angus had worked closely with [James J. Hill](/wiki/James_J._Hill "James J. Hill"), constructing and improving the line. But by 1880, he spent most of his time with Mount Stephen as they made numerous trips to [Ottawa](/wiki/Ottawa "Ottawa"), New York, and London to negotiate the [land grants](/wiki/Land_grant "Land grant"), [subsidies](/wiki/Subsidies "Subsidies"), and building of the [Canadian Pacific Railway](/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Railway "Canadian Pacific Railway"). With Angus providing the analysis and Mount Stephen the acumen, they proved to be a formidable pair. Angus was general manager of the CPR until the appointment of Sir [William Cornelius Van Horne](/wiki/William_Cornelius_Van_Horne "William Cornelius Van Horne") in 1882, when Angus became vice\-president. In that position, Angus was entrusted with the creation of the eastern network, notably the extension of the [Ontario and Quebec Railway](/wiki/Ontario_and_Quebec_Railway "Ontario and Quebec Railway") and the purchase of the western section of the '[Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa and Occidental Railway](/wiki/Quebec%2C_Montreal%2C_Ottawa_and_Occidental_Railway "Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa and Occidental Railway")' in 1882\. The construction of the CPR was fraught with financial peril, testing the resilience of the syndicate – [Hill](/wiki/James_J._Hill "James J. Hill") resigned in 1883, followed by Angus' close friend [Duncan McIntyre](/wiki/Duncan_McIntyre_%28businessman%29 "Duncan McIntyre (businessman)") the next year. To lobby for funds more successfully, Angus resigned from the St. Paul Railway in 1884\. The CPR, completed in 1885, was an immediate financial success, becoming "the world's greatest transportation system". He remained vice\-president of the CPR after [Lord Mount Stephen](/wiki/Lord_Mount_Stephen "Lord Mount Stephen") resigned from an active role as president in 1888\. Apparently never aspiring to the position, Angus supported Stephen's selection of [Van Horne](/wiki/William_Cornelius_Van_Horne "William Cornelius Van Horne") as president and, 11 years later, Van Horne's choice of [Lord Shaughnessy](/wiki/Thomas_Shaughnessy%2C_1st_Baron_Shaughnessy "Thomas Shaughnessy, 1st Baron Shaughnessy") as his successor. Angus would serve as a director and committee member of the CPR for over 40 years, necessitating frequent trips to the [Canadian Pacific Offices](/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Building_%28London%29 "Canadian Pacific Building (London)") on [Trafalgar Square](/wiki/Trafalgar_Square "Trafalgar Square") in London.

How long did Angus serve as a director and committee member of the CPR?

Bertrand Guilladot

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The case

The case -------- The case was unusual, as witch trials, though still legal, had diminished in France since the [Affair of the Poisons](/wiki/Affair_of_the_Poisons "Affair of the Poisons") in 1680, and the execution of an alleged male sorcerer in [Bordeaux](/wiki/Bordeaux "Bordeaux") in 1718 has traditionally been referred to as the last. However, a [donkey](/wiki/Donkey "Donkey")\-driver and the [nobleman](/wiki/Nobility "Nobility") des Chauffors were in fact executed for the same crimes in [Paris](/wiki/Paris "Paris") in 1724 and 1726 respectively. Bertrand Guilladot was a Roman Catholic priest in [Dijon](/wiki/Dijon "Dijon"). He was arrested in 1742, and put on trial charged with having made a [pact with the Devil](/wiki/Deal_with_the_Devil "Deal with the Devil") in order to find hidden treasures. He confessed to be guilty as charged. He was executed in 1743\. In his confession, he identified twenty\-nine other individuals, all of them male, who reportedly had participated in the pact with him.Jason Ā. Josephson\-Storm, *The Myth of Disenchantment: Magic, Modernity, and the Birth of the Human Sciences* University of Chicago Press, 2017, p. 52 The witch trials begun by the denunciations in his confession were held in Lyon and lasted for three years. In February 1745, five of the accused men were sentenced to death for witchcraft in connection to the treasure hunting. Three of the condemned were priests, who were accused of having performed sacrilegious masses for this purpose. One of the three condemned priests, [Louis Debaraz](/wiki/Louis_Debaraz "Louis Debaraz"), was sentenced to be executed by burning for having performed a [black mass](/wiki/Black_mass "Black mass"). Twenty\-three of the remaining accused were sentenced to be [galley slaves](/wiki/Galley_slave "Galley slave").

How many other individuals did Guilladot identify as participating in a pact with him?

Ab 18

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Track listing

Track listing ------------- 1. "Sie kratzt, sie stinkt, sie klebt" \[She scratches, she stinks, she sticks] – 2:31 2. "[Geschwisterliebe](/wiki/Geschwisterliebe "Geschwisterliebe")" \[Sibling love] – 4:11 3. "Helmut K." – 2:34 4. "Claudia hat 'nen Schäferhund" \[Claudia has a [German Shepherd](/wiki/German_Shepherd "German Shepherd")] – 2:00 5. "Claudia II" – 2:30 6. "Sweet Sweet Gwendoline" – 2:55 7. "Schlaflied" \[Lullaby] – 4:30 ### Information * Tracks 1, 3, 5: new * Tracks 2, 6: from *[Die Ärzte](/wiki/Die_%C3%84rzte_%281986_album%29 "Die Ärzte (1986 album)")* * Tracks 4, 7: from *[Debil](/wiki/Debil "Debil")*

How long does the track 'Helmut K.' last?

Catherine Malfitano

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Repertory

Repertory --------- She has sung over 70 roles throughout her career and continues to add more in her repertoire. Her repertory includes: | Composer | Opera | Role(s) | | --- | --- | --- | | [Richard Strauss](/wiki/Richard_Strauss "Richard Strauss") | [*Salome*](/wiki/Salome_%28opera%29 "Salome (opera)") | Salome | | [Claudio Monteverdi](/wiki/Claudio_Monteverdi "Claudio Monteverdi") | *[L'incoronazione di Poppea](/wiki/L%27incoronazione_di_Poppea "L'incoronazione di Poppea")* | Poppea | | [Francesco Cavalli](/wiki/Francesco_Cavalli "Francesco Cavalli") | [*L'Ormindo*](/wiki/Ormindo "Ormindo") | Erisbe | | [Gian Carlo Menotti](/wiki/Gian_Carlo_Menotti "Gian Carlo Menotti") | *[The Saint of Bleecker Street](/wiki/The_Saint_of_Bleecker_Street "The Saint of Bleecker Street")* | Annina | | [Christoph Willibald Gluck](/wiki/Christoph_Willibald_Gluck "Christoph Willibald Gluck") | *[Orfeo ed Euridice](/wiki/Orfeo_ed_Euridice "Orfeo ed Euridice")* | Euridice | |[Kurt Weill](/wiki/Kurt_Weill "Kurt Weill") [*Die Dreigroschenoper*](/wiki/The_Threepenny_Opera "The Threepenny Opera") | Polly Peachum | | [*Street Scene*](/wiki/Street_Scene_%28opera%29 "Street Scene (opera)") | Anna Maurrant and Rose | | *[Aufstieg und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny](/wiki/Aufstieg_und_Fall_der_Stadt_Mahagonny "Aufstieg und Fall der Stadt Mahagonny")* | Jenny Smith | | [Gaetano Donizetti](/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti "Gaetano Donizetti") | *[Lucia di Lammermoor](/wiki/Lucia_di_Lammermoor "Lucia di Lammermoor")* | Lucia | | [Engelbert Humperdinck](/wiki/Engelbert_Humperdinck_%28composer%29 "Engelbert Humperdinck (composer)") | [*Hänsel und Gretel*](/wiki/H%C3%A4nsel_und_Gretel_%28opera%29 "Hänsel und Gretel (opera)") | Gretel | | [Ludwig van Beethoven](/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven "Ludwig van Beethoven") | *[Fidelio](/wiki/Fidelio "Fidelio")* | Marzelline and Leonore | | [Francis Poulenc](/wiki/Francis_Poulenc "Francis Poulenc") | *[Les Mamelles de Tirésias](/wiki/Les_Mamelles_de_Tir%C3%A9sias "Les Mamelles de Tirésias")* | Thérèse | |[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart](/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart "Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart") *[Die Entführung aus dem Serail](/wiki/Die_Entf%C3%BChrung_aus_dem_Serail "Die Entführung aus dem Serail")* | Konstanze | | *[La clemenza di Tito](/wiki/La_clemenza_di_Tito "La clemenza di Tito")* | Servillia | | *[Le nozze di Figaro](/wiki/Le_nozze_di_Figaro "Le nozze di Figaro")* | Susanna | | *[Don Giovanni](/wiki/Don_Giovanni "Don Giovanni")* | Zerlina and Donna Elvira | | [Samuel Barber](/wiki/Samuel_Barber "Samuel Barber") | *[Antony and Cleopatra](/wiki/Antony_and_Cleopatra_%281966_opera%29 "Antony and Cleopatra (1966 opera)")* | Cleopatra | | [Dmitri Shostakovich](/wiki/Dmitri_Shostakovich "Dmitri Shostakovich") | *[Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District](/wiki/Lady_Macbeth_of_the_Mtsensk_District_%28opera%29 "Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District (opera)")* | Katerina Lvovna Izmailova | | [Gioachino Rossini](/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini "Gioachino Rossini") | *[Il Turco in Italia](/wiki/Il_Turco_in_Italia "Il Turco in Italia")* | Fiorilla | |[Leoš Janáček](/wiki/Leo%C5%A1_Jan%C3%A1%C4%8Dek "Leoš Janáček") [*The Makropulos Affair*](/wiki/The_Makropulos_Affair_%28opera%29 "The Makropulos Affair (opera)") | Emilia Marty | | *[Jenůfa](/wiki/Jen%C5%AFfa "Jenůfa")* | Kostelnička Buryjovka | | [Jacques Offenbach](/wiki/Jacques_Offenbach "Jacques Offenbach") | *[Les Contes d'Hoffmann](/wiki/Les_Contes_d%27Hoffmann "Les Contes d'Hoffmann")* | The three leading female roles (Olympia, Antonia, Giuletta) | |[Giacomo Puccini](/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini "Giacomo Puccini") *[Il tabarro](/wiki/Il_tabarro "Il tabarro")* | Giorgetta | | *[Suor Angelica](/wiki/Suor_Angelica "Suor Angelica")* | Sister Angelica | | *[Gianni Schicchi](/wiki/Gianni_Schicchi "Gianni Schicchi")* | Lauretta | | *[Tosca](/wiki/Tosca "Tosca")* | Floria Tosca | | *[La bohème](/wiki/La_boh%C3%A8me "La bohème")* | Mimi | | *[Madama Butterfly](/wiki/Madama_Butterfly "Madama Butterfly")* | Cio\-Cio\-San | | [Jules Massenet](/wiki/Jules_Massenet "Jules Massenet") | *[Manon](/wiki/Manon "Manon")* | Manon | |[Giuseppe Verdi](/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi "Giuseppe Verdi") [*Macbeth*](/wiki/Macbeth_%28Verdi%29 "Macbeth (Verdi)") | Lady Macbeth | | *[La traviata](/wiki/La_traviata "La traviata")* | Violetta Valery | | *[Stiffelio](/wiki/Stiffelio "Stiffelio")* | Lina | | [William Bolcom](/wiki/William_Bolcom "William Bolcom") | *[A View from the Bridge](/wiki/A_View_from_the_Bridge "A View from the Bridge")* | Beatrice | |[Alban Berg](/wiki/Alban_Berg "Alban Berg") *[Lulu](/wiki/Lulu_%28opera%29 "Lulu (opera)")* | Lulu | | *[Wozzeck](/wiki/Wozzeck "Wozzeck")* | Marie | | [Charles Gounod](/wiki/Charles_Gounod "Charles Gounod") | *[Romeo et Juliette](/wiki/Romeo_et_Juliette "Romeo et Juliette")* | Juliette | |

Who is Cio-Cio-San?

Reactions of alkenyl- and alkynylaluminium compounds

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Hydroalumination of alkynes

### Hydroalumination of alkynes Hydroalumination of alkynes may be either stereospecifically *cis* or *trans* depending on the conditions employed. When a dialkylalane such as [di(isobutyl)aluminium hydride](/wiki/Di%28isobutyl%29aluminium_hydride "Di(isobutyl)aluminium hydride") (DIBAL\-H) is used, the hydrogen and aluminium delivered from the reagent end up *cis* in the resulting alkenylalane.Wilke, G.; Müller, H. *Chem. Ber.* **1956**, *89*, 444\. This stereospecificity can be explained by invoking a concerted addition of the H–Al bond across the triple bond. In the transition state, partial positive charge builds up on the carbon forming a bond to hydrogen; thus, the carbon better able to stabilize a positive charge becomes attached to hydrogen in the product alkenylalane.Bundens, J. W.; Francl, M. M. *Organometallics* **1993**, *12*, 1608\. Hydroaluminations of terminal alkynes typically produce terminal alkenylalanes as a result. Selectivity in hydroaluminations of internal alkynes is typically low, unless an electronic bias exists in the substrate (such as a phenyl ring in conjugation with the alkyne).Eisch, J. J.; Gopal, H.; Rhee, S.\-G. *J. Org. Chem.* **1975**, *40*, 2064\. ***(2\)***[center](/wiki/File:AlaneMech1.png "AlaneMech1.png") Stereospecific *trans* hydroalumination is possible through the use of lithium aluminium hydride. The mechanism of this transformation involves the addition of hydride to the carbon less able to stabilize the developing negative charge (viz., in the β position to an electron\-withdrawing group).Slaugh, L. H. *Tetrahedron* **1966**, *22*, 1741\. Coordination of aluminium to the resulting *trans* vinyl carbanion leads to the observed *trans* configuration of the product.House, H. O. *Modern Synthetic Reactions*, 2nd ed., Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, CA, 1972\. ***(3\)***[center](/wiki/File:AlaneMech2.png "AlaneMech2.png")

What happens when a dialkylalane like DIBAL-H is used in hydroalumination?

Gatecreeper

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Band members

Band members ------------ Current * Chase "Hellahammer" Mason – vocals (2013–present) * Eric "The Darkest Cowboy" Wagner – lead guitar (2013–present) * Matt Arrebollo – drums (2013–present) * Israel Garza – rhythm guitar (2020–present) * Alex Brown \- bass (2021–present) Former * Max Nattsblod – rhythm guitar (2013–2015\) * Nate "Jack Maniacky" Garrett – rhythm guitar (2015–2019\) * Sean "Hell Mammoth" Mears – bass (2013–2021\) Touring members * Tommy Cantwell \- drums (2017\) * Josh "Hallhammer" Hall – drums (2017\)

How many members have left the band in the past few years?

Maruosa

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Discography

Discography ----------- ### Singles * Maruosa vs [Doddodo](/wiki/Doddodo "Doddodo") "Bibibibibibin vol.1" (Rendarec) CDR 2002 * Mushimamire (Hirntrust Grind Media) 7" 2006 * Untitled (Kriss Records) 12" 2008 ### Albums * *Exercise and Hell* (Rendarec) CD 2007 * *Exstream!!!!!!!!!* (Rendarec/Grindcore Karaoke) CD 2011 * *ALIAS* (Self released) Download \+ Cassette 2017 ### Compilation appearances * "Swimsuit Squad" (Murder Yacht School) CD 2002 * "J\-pop terrorizm" (Ihihi) CD 2003 * "G2 Compilation CD" (G2 PRODUCT) CD 2003 * SPICE by Punquestion (M.O.P. Recordings) CD 2003 * Hard Marchan in Osaka (Nazna Oiran Inc) CD 2004 * Tsunbosajiki (Rendarec) CD 2005 * MCP2005gb (Ihihi) CD 2006 * Romz 4th Anniversary Limited CD (Romz) CD 2006 * Misono Days (Studio Warp) Book\+CD 2006 * Tough Titties (Goulburn Poultry Fanciers Society) CD 2006 * CTM.07 Audio Compilation (rx:tx) CD 2007 * MIDI\_sai Hit Parade (Midiskee Record) CD 2007 * Can Buy Me Love IV (Digital Vomit) 2xCD 2007 * Statement Of Intent (Noize:tek Recordings) CD 2007 * Osaka Invasion MixCD (De\-fragment) MIX CD 2008 * Osaka Invasion Sampler CD (De\-fragment) CD 2008 ### Remixes * Watermelon Dude Zone / Germlin (Megapixxels) CDR 2006 * Black Long Hair Nice Wah Pedal / gagakirize (Teenage Riot)CD 2009 * Edge of Chaos reconstruction/Live\&Remixxx / Wrench (Blues Interactions) CD 2011

Has this artist appeared on any compilation albums?

2010 FIFA World Cup knockout stage

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Netherlands vs Slovakia

### Netherlands vs Slovakia The [Netherlands](/wiki/Netherlands_national_football_team "Netherlands national football team") defeated [Slovakia](/wiki/Slovakia_national_football_team "Slovakia national football team") 2–1 on 28 June 2010 at the [Moses Mabhida Stadium](/wiki/Moses_Mabhida_Stadium "Moses Mabhida Stadium") in [Durban](/wiki/Durban "Durban"). The Netherlands' first goal was an excellent individual effort from [Arjen Robben](/wiki/Arjen_Robben "Arjen Robben") in the 18th minute, taking on the Slovak defence with the ball before scoring from 25 yards. The Dutch had chances to extend their lead in the second half, with the most prominent coming when Robben cut inside on his left foot just like he did when he scored the first goal, but this time, Slovak goalkeeper [Ján Mucha](/wiki/J%C3%A1n_Mucha "Ján Mucha") saved the shot going to his far post. The Slovaks also had two big opportunities to equalise but forced a save from [Maarten Stekelenburg](/wiki/Maarten_Stekelenburg "Maarten Stekelenburg") each time. The Dutch sealed their win in the 84th minute when [Wesley Sneijder](/wiki/Wesley_Sneijder "Wesley Sneijder") scored off an assist from [Dirk Kuyt](/wiki/Dirk_Kuyt "Dirk Kuyt") into an unguarded net after Kuyt got the ball past Mucha. [Róbert Vittek](/wiki/R%C3%B3bert_Vittek "Róbert Vittek") slotted a penalty kick late in stoppage time, but it was no more than a consolation goal for Slovakia. The penalty had been awarded for a trip on him by Stekelenburg. The Netherlands' win threatened to be overshadowed by [Robin van Persie](/wiki/Robin_van_Persie "Robin van Persie") responding angrily to being substituted by coach [Bert van Marwijk](/wiki/Bert_van_Marwijk "Bert van Marwijk"). Van Marwijk called a team meeting over the incident and later insisted that there was no residual unrest in the squad. * + - | | | | --- | --- | | | | | | GK | **1** | [Maarten Stekelenburg](/wiki/Maarten_Stekelenburg "Maarten Stekelenburg") | | | RB | **2** | [Gregory van der Wiel](/wiki/Gregory_van_der_Wiel "Gregory van der Wiel") | | CB | **3** | [John Heitinga](/wiki/John_Heitinga "John Heitinga") | | CB | **4** | [Joris Mathijsen](/wiki/Joris_Mathijsen "Joris Mathijsen") | | LB | **5** | [Giovanni van Bronckhorst](/wiki/Giovanni_van_Bronckhorst "Giovanni van Bronckhorst") ([c](/wiki/Captain_%28association_football%29 "Captain (association football)")) | | DM | **6** | [Mark van Bommel](/wiki/Mark_van_Bommel "Mark van Bommel") | | DM | **8** | [Nigel de Jong](/wiki/Nigel_de_Jong "Nigel de Jong") | | RW | **7** | [Dirk Kuyt](/wiki/Dirk_Kuyt "Dirk Kuyt") | | AM | **10** | [Wesley Sneijder](/wiki/Wesley_Sneijder "Wesley Sneijder") | | | | LW | **11** | [Arjen Robben](/wiki/Arjen_Robben "Arjen Robben") | | | | CF | **9** | [Robin van Persie](/wiki/Robin_van_Persie "Robin van Persie") | | | |**Substitutions:** | FW | **17** | [Eljero Elia](/wiki/Eljero_Elia "Eljero Elia") | | | | FW | **21** | [Klaas\-Jan Huntelaar](/wiki/Klaas-Jan_Huntelaar "Klaas-Jan Huntelaar") | | | | MF | **20** | [Ibrahim Afellay](/wiki/Ibrahim_Afellay "Ibrahim Afellay") | | | |**Manager:** |[Bert van Marwijk](/wiki/Bert_van_Marwijk "Bert van Marwijk") [300px](/wiki/File:NED-SVK_2010-06-28.svg "NED-SVK 2010-06-28.svg") | | | | GK | **1** | [Ján Mucha](/wiki/J%C3%A1n_Mucha "Ján Mucha") | | RB | **2** | [Peter Pekarík](/wiki/Peter_Pekar%C3%ADk "Peter Pekarík") | | CB | **3** | [Martin Škrtel](/wiki/Martin_%C5%A0krtel "Martin Škrtel") | | | CB | **16** | [Ján Ďurica](/wiki/J%C3%A1n_%C4%8Eurica "Ján Ďurica") | | LB | **5** | [Radoslav Zabavník](/wiki/Radoslav_Zabavn%C3%ADk "Radoslav Zabavník") | | | | DM | **19** | [Juraj Kucka](/wiki/Juraj_Kucka "Juraj Kucka") | | | RM | **7** | [Vladimír Weiss](/wiki/Vladim%C3%ADr_Weiss_%28footballer%2C_born_1989%29 "Vladimír Weiss (footballer, born 1989)") | | LM | **15** | [Miroslav Stoch](/wiki/Miroslav_Stoch "Miroslav Stoch") | | AM | **17** | [Marek Hamšík](/wiki/Marek_Ham%C5%A1%C3%ADk "Marek Hamšík") ([c](/wiki/Captain_%28association_football%29 "Captain (association football)")) | | | | CF | **18** | [Erik Jendrišek](/wiki/Erik_Jendri%C5%A1ek "Erik Jendrišek") | | | | CF | **11** | [Róbert Vittek](/wiki/R%C3%B3bert_Vittek "Róbert Vittek") | |**Substitutions:** | MF | **20** | [Kamil Kopúnek](/wiki/Kamil_Kop%C3%BAnek "Kamil Kopúnek") | | | | MF | **10** | [Marek Sapara](/wiki/Marek_Sapara "Marek Sapara") | | | | FW | **14** | [Martin Jakubko](/wiki/Martin_Jakubko "Martin Jakubko") | | | |**Manager:** |[Vladimír Weiss](/wiki/Vladim%C3%ADr_Weiss_%28footballer%2C_born_1964%29 "Vladimír Weiss (footballer, born 1964)") | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **Man of the Match:** [Arjen Robben](/wiki/Arjen_Robben "Arjen Robben") (Netherlands) | | --- | **[Assistant referees](/wiki/Assistant_referee_%28association_football%29 "Assistant referee (association football)"):** Fermín Martínez Ibáñez ([Spain](/wiki/Royal_Spanish_Football_Federation "Royal Spanish Football Federation")) Juan Carlos Yuste Jiménez ([Spain](/wiki/Royal_Spanish_Football_Federation "Royal Spanish Football Federation")) **[Fourth official](/wiki/Assistant_referee_%28association_football%29%23Fourth_official "Assistant referee (association football)#Fourth official"):** [Stéphane Lannoy](/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Lannoy "Stéphane Lannoy") ([France](/wiki/French_Football_Federation "French Football Federation")) **[Fifth official](/wiki/Assistant_referee_%28association_football%29%23Fifth_official "Assistant referee (association football)#Fifth official"):** Laurent Ugo ([France](/wiki/French_Football_Federation "French Football Federation"))

Which players were substituted during the match?

Nowa Łubianka

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Introduction

**Nowa Łubianka** ()*Ortsnamenverzeichnis der Ortschaften jenseits von Oder und Neiße* by M. Kaemmerer is a [village](/wiki/Village "Village") in the administrative district of [Gmina Szydłowo](/wiki/Gmina_Szyd%C5%82owo%2C_Greater_Poland_Voivodeship "Gmina Szydłowo, Greater Poland Voivodeship"), within [Piła County](/wiki/Pi%C5%82a_County "Piła County"), [Greater Poland Voivodeship](/wiki/Greater_Poland_Voivodeship "Greater Poland Voivodeship"), in west\-central Poland.

In which administrative district is the village located?

2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony

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Bike a.m. <small>(00:00–00:07 BST 28 July)</small>

### Bike a.m. (00:00–00:07 BST 28 July) [thumb\|Doves at the opening ceremony](/wiki/File:KOCIS_Korea_London_Olympics_TeamKorea_14_%287683500060%29.jpg "KOCIS Korea London Olympics TeamKorea 14 (7683500060).jpg") Once the athletes had gathered in the centre of the stadium, [Arctic Monkeys](/wiki/Arctic_Monkeys "Arctic Monkeys") performed "[I Bet You Look Good on the Dancefloor](/wiki/I_Bet_You_Look_Good_on_the_Dancefloor "I Bet You Look Good on the Dancefloor")" and [The Beatles](/wiki/The_Beatles "The Beatles")' "[Come Together](/wiki/Come_Together "Come Together")", the latter whilst 75 cyclists circled the stadium with wings lit by [LEDs](/wiki/LED "LED") representing [Doves of Peace](/wiki/Peace_symbol%23The_dove_and_olive_branch "Peace symbol#The dove and olive branch"). Doves were traditionally released at Olympic opening ceremonies, although real birds have not been used since 1992\. A single dove cyclist, his beak painted yellow in honour of [Bradley Wiggins](/wiki/Bradley_Wiggins "Bradley Wiggins"), appeared to fly out of the stadium.

Which songs were performed during the opening ceremony?

Zalesice

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Zalesice

**Zalesice** may refer to the following places: * [Zalesice, Łódź Voivodeship](/wiki/Zalesice%2C_%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA_Voivodeship "Zalesice, Łódź Voivodeship") (central Poland) * [Zalesice, Masovian Voivodeship](/wiki/Zalesice%2C_Masovian_Voivodeship "Zalesice, Masovian Voivodeship") (east\-central Poland) * [Zalesice, Silesian Voivodeship](/wiki/Zalesice%2C_Silesian_Voivodeship "Zalesice, Silesian Voivodeship") (south Poland)

How many places are referred to as Zalesice in central Poland?

Queen Clea

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Golden Age

### Golden Age [thumb\|left\|150px\| The [Golden Age](/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Comic_Books "Golden Age of Comic Books") Queen Clea in *[Wonder Woman](/wiki/Wonder_Woman_%28comic_book%29 "Wonder Woman (comic book)")* (vol. 1\) \#28, April 1948; art by [Harry G. Peter](/wiki/H.G._Peter "H.G. Peter").](/wiki/File:Queen_Clea_by_Peter.png "Queen Clea by Peter.png") As Queen of a crumbling [Atlantean](/wiki/Atlantis_%28DC_Comics%29 "Atlantis (DC Comics)") outpost named Venturia, Queen Clea enslaved the men of her realm and amused herself by putting many to death in gladiatorial combat. Wanting to extend her rule, Clea repeatedly attacked Venturia's flourishing sister city of Aurania, though unsuccessfully. Despite this failure she expanded her ideas towards domination over the entire lost continent of Atlantis. In 1944, it was said that Queen Clea reigns over Aurania \- and it is possible that she has been Queen for quite a long time. Though Aurania has long been overshadowed by their Venturian rival, the ruthless Clea planned and executed a surprise attack that caught the Venturian military cold, and Aurania conquered and occupied Venturia. No explanation is given for this switch. Venturian queen Eeras managed to flee and went to the surface world where she adventured for some months, trying to find some sort of weapon to repulse the Auranian. She focused on a chemical invented by one Van Vlek; working the trail to that secret formula she ended up in Dakar where she met American military intelligence agent Steve Trevor. Pooling their resources they secured the whole formula, and Eeras asked Trevor to fly her to Atlantis on his way back to the US. Trevor, who assumed that she was a lunatic, accepted; not expecting to fly into an actual access to Atlantis he had to land in less\-than\- perfect conditions and they were captured by Auranian troops. [Wonder Woman](/wiki/Wonder_Woman_%28Earth-Two%29 "Wonder Woman (Earth-Two)") came to the rescue, forging an alliance with Queen Eeras as both an Amazon and an American. Clea was, of course, busy throwing Trevor into the arena to fight prehistoric boars; Wonder Woman fought everybody off and Eeras successfully used the "devitamizer" derived from the Van Vlek formula to make all Auranians present collapse. The Auranian prisoners recovered, and Clea had her daughter Ptra replace her as a prisoner \- which was facilitated since the Venturians kept their prisoner in an iron mask that allowed her to eat and drink but prevented her speaking. Clea covertly rebuilt Aurania's power. Probably inspired by Eeras's previous strategy, she formed a band of Auranian pirates who attacked surface world ships \- using blasts of air from the volcano to soar on parachutes and board nearby ships, sword in hand. Clea was especially interested in getting herself some of the bigger, stronger and smarter manlings of the surface world, and soon struck a deal with a ship full of German prisoners who were being deported to America for farm work. As the German soldiers, equipped with local swords and shields, attacked the Venturians, Clea personally sneaked behind enemy lines to get the "devitamizer" that had previously felled her, then brought down the Venturian forces and Eeras. Thankfully Wonder Woman, Steve Trevor and the Holliday Girls were present to investigate the fate of the kidnapped American sailors. Wonder Woman and Eela were gassed and Wonder Woman was bound with her lasso, then the two women were covered with iron. Despite it being three inches thick, Wonder Woman broke free and freed herself and other prisoners. They freed everyone, then captured Clea and Ptra. Queen Eeras, being reluctant to execute prisoners, agreed to hand Clea and Ptra over to the Amazons. The incorrigible Clea soon managed to escape, when fighting Octavia, daughter of Eeras when Wonder Woman wanted her to play bullets and bracelets with her. She fired early, grazing Octavia's skull, then knocked out Wonder Woman from behind. She bound the girls, and with her prisoners returned to Atlantis. However, when she landed in Atlantis, she discovered that there had been a revolution and that the inept manlings had taken over thanks to surprise and a stockpile of captured surface world weapons which had not been used by the more traditionalist female rulers. Wonder Woman and Octavia escaped and made contact with Steve Trevor and the Holliday Girls, who had been flying nearby looking for them. In the meanwhile Clea managed to convince the stupid manling king to let her rule but it was too late, and her manlings were dispersed by the Holliday Girls. Clea was captured anew and again imprisoned by the Amazons.*Wonder Woman* \#8 (March 1944\). DC Comics. Some months later, the Saturnic slaves\-driver Eviless escaped from her cell on Paradise Island and assembled a gang of prisoners, called Villainy, Inc. Clea was a part of it. Villainy, Inc. did take over Paradise Island, but were soon repulsed by Wonder Woman. Still, Clea took Giganta with her and managed to flee \- and they stole a huge chest filled with Amazon jewels, too. Clea tried to anonymously buy a submarine from Steve Trevor to return to Atlantis (why she needed a sub is unclear, possibly she wanted the weaponry on board), but Trevor recognised her and played along to capture her. He was knocked out by Giganta, and Clea and her aide decided to capture the Holliday Girls and maybe Wonder Woman to force him to give them a submarine. This sort of worked, and they forced Wonder Woman to steal a US Navy sub for them \- but Clea and Giganta were recaptured before their sub could fully dive, and reimprisoned by the Amazons.*Wonder Woman* \#28 (March 1948\). DC Comics.

What revolution occurs in Atlantis and how do the Amazons respond?

List of fictional swords

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Brandon Sanderson: ''[[Brandon Sanderson#Cosmere|Cosmere]]''

Brandon Sanderson: *[Cosmere](/wiki/Brandon_Sanderson%23Cosmere "Brandon Sanderson#Cosmere")* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * [Shardblades](/wiki/The_Stormlight_Archive%23Shardblades_and_Shardplate "The Stormlight Archive#Shardblades and Shardplate"): Featured in [The Stormlight Archive](/wiki/The_Stormlight_Archive "The Stormlight Archive"), shardblades are usually two handed swords capable of cutting through any nonliving material. Living beings that are struck by shardblades are not cut, but the wound causes an injury to the soul instead. Wounds from shardblades cause the affected area to go limp and become useless. Shardblades can be summoned by a wielder who has bonded one. Some characters are able to summon shardblades through a connection with supernatural creatures known as spren. A prominent shardblade, Oathbringer, is the namesake of the [third book](/wiki/Oathbringer "Oathbringer") in the Stormlight Archive, which partially explores the sword's history with several of the main characters. * Honorblades: The oldest known shardblades, given to a group of immortal beings known as Heralds by their namesake god and creator, Honor. Unlike typical shardblades, Honorblades grant their wielders the [supernatural abilities](/wiki/The_Stormlight_Archive%23Surgebinding "The Stormlight Archive#Surgebinding") of one of the orders of the [Knights Radiant](/wiki/The_Stormlight_Archive%23The_Knights_Radiant "The Stormlight Archive#The Knights Radiant"). The powers vary depending on the Honorblade that is used. * Nightblood: First featured in [Warbreaker](/wiki/Warbreaker "Warbreaker"), Nightblood is a sentient sword that can communicate with its wielder. Drawing Nightblood usually causes those in the sword's vicinity to try and kill each other to claim the sword for themselves. Nightblood, when used, is capable of destroying almost any known foe or object, but its power consumes the essence or soul of the wielder, making its use incredibly dangerous. Nightblood itself has a somewhat innocent, almost childlike personality, appropriately unaware of many things about the world around it. Nightblood is bound by a single command: "Destroy evil," which because of its limited understanding of concepts of morality, causes some confusion when used in battle. * Koloss blades: Featured in the first trilogy of [Mistborn](/wiki/Mistborn "Mistborn") books, these massive swords are used by ogre\-like monsters known as koloss. The blades are too massive for any normal human to wield (Though some [magic users](/wiki/Mistborn%23Magic "Mistborn#Magic") can increase their strength and do so). The number of swords that a koloss band has influences that band's hierarchy. Due to the brutal lifestyle of the koloss and their generally low intelligence, the blades are not well maintained or even kept sharp, rendering many blunt, albeit still quite dangerous.

Who are the Heralds in the Stormlight Archive?

The Hole (Scientology)

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Background

Background ---------- [right\|thumb\|Map of Gold Base. The location of the Hole is marked as "SP Hole" near the top left of the map.](/wiki/File:Gold_Base_map.png "Gold Base map.png") The facility known as the Hole is located on the Church of Scientology's [Gold Base](/wiki/Gold_Base "Gold Base"), built on the site of a resort called [Gilman Hot Springs](/wiki/Gilman_Hot_Springs "Gilman Hot Springs") in the California town of [San Jacinto](/wiki/San_Jacinto%2C_California "San Jacinto, California"). The base covers bisected by a public highway, Gilman Springs Road, just off [California State Route 79](/wiki/California_State_Route_79 "California State Route 79"). It was secretly acquired by Scientology in 1978 under the alias of the "Scottish Highland Quietude Club". Scientology established a secret base there which was staffed by members of the [Sea Org](/wiki/Sea_Org "Sea Org"), an inner core of Scientologists which is said to number some five to seven thousand people. There are now two Sea Org bases in the compound: Gold, which houses the Church's in\-house film studio [Golden Era Productions](/wiki/Golden_Era_Productions "Golden Era Productions"), and Int, the Church's international headquarters, though in practice the whole site is usually called Gold Base. Members of the Sea Org are subject to a rigid code of discipline known as "[Scientology ethics and justice](/wiki/Scientology_ethics_and_justice "Scientology ethics and justice")" which is enforced by [Ethics Officers](/wiki/Ethics_officer_%28Scientology%29 "Ethics officer (Scientology)"). Scientologists are encouraged to look out for any fellow members violating ethics codes and to submit "Knowledge Reports" on any violations they spot. If the ethics codes are violated, a "trial" by a [Committee of Evidence](/wiki/Comm_Ev "Comm Ev") can lead to punishments such as assignment to the [Rehabilitation Project Force](/wiki/Rehabilitation_Project_Force "Rehabilitation Project Force") (RPF). Such punishments, which can last for months or years, typically consist of a regime of physical labor and lengthy daily confessions of "evil purposes". Such assignments can also be received for performing work poorly, showing negative personality indicators (doubts, hostility etc.) or causing trouble. Individuals assigned in this way are kept isolated and prohibited from having contact with other members of Scientology and the public. According to [Marc and Claire Headley](/wiki/Blown_for_Good "Blown for Good"), two Scientologists who left the Church in 2005, residents at the base are not permitted to leave without the permission of a supervisor and have to work at least sixteen hours a day, from 8:00a.m. to past midnight, with shorter hours on Sundays and little time for socialising. Communications with the outside world are effectively cut off; cellphones and Internet access are generally banned, mail is censored and passports are kept in a locked filing cabinet. The perimeter of the base is closely guarded around the clock. It is ringed with high fences that are topped with spikes and razor wire and monitored by inward\-facing motion sensors to detect anyone trying to climb out of the compound. The *Tampa Bay Times* reported that dozens of workers tried to escape from the basesome of them repeatedlybut were caught and returned by Sea Org "pursuit teams". The escapees are said to have been subjected to isolation, interrogation and punishment on their return to the compound.

Why are there pursuit teams to catch escapees from Gold Base?

Heritage Foundation Pakistan

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Awards

Awards ------ In 2002, the Heritage Foundation of Pakistan received the Recognition Award from the United Nations System in Pakistan for its commitment to "documentation and conservation of heritage and environment of traditional and historical centers of Pakistan."[Laila Kazmi, "Yasmeen Lari"](http://kazbar.org/jazbah/printyasmeenl.php) jazbah.org (Women of Pakistan) website, Retrieved 21 May 2020\.

What was the recognition award for?

Corcu Loígde

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General references

General references ------------------ * [Edel Bhreathnach](/wiki/Edel_Bhreathnach "Edel Bhreathnach") (ed.), *The Kingship and Landscape of Tara*. Four Courts Press for [The Discovery Programme](/wiki/The_Discovery_Programme "The Discovery Programme"). 2005\. * [Francis John Byrne](/wiki/Francis_John_Byrne "Francis John Byrne"), *Irish Kings and High\-Kings*. Four Courts Press. 2nd revised edition, 2001\. * [Thomas Charles\-Edwards](/wiki/Thomas_Charles-Edwards "Thomas Charles-Edwards"), *Early Christian Ireland*. Cambridge. 2000\. * Myles Dillon, *The Cycles of the Kings*. Oxford. 1946\. Four Courts Press edition, 1995\. * Vernan Hull, "Conall Corc and the Corco Luigde", in *Proceedings of the Modern Languages Association of America* **62**:4 (1947\): 887–909\. . * [Geoffrey Keating](/wiki/Geoffrey_Keating "Geoffrey Keating"), with David Comyn and Patrick S. Dinneen (trans.), [The History of Ireland by Geoffrey Keating](http://celt.ucc.ie/published/T100054/index.html). 4 Vols. London: David Nutt for the Irish Texts Society. 1902–14\. * Paul MacCotter, *Medieval Ireland: Territorial, Political and Economic Divisions*. [Four Courts Press](/wiki/Four_Courts_Press "Four Courts Press"). 2008\. * [Edward MacLysaght](/wiki/Edward_MacLysaght "Edward MacLysaght"), *Irish Families: Their Names, Arms and Origins*. Irish Academic Press. 4th edition, 1998\. * [Eoin MacNeill](/wiki/Eoin_MacNeill "Eoin MacNeill"), ["Early Irish Population Groups: their nomenclature, classification and chronology"](https://archive.org/details/papersirishacad00macnuoft), in *Proceedings of the [Royal Irish Academy](/wiki/Royal_Irish_Academy "Royal Irish Academy") (C) 29*. 1911\. pp. 59–114 * Gearóid Mac Niocaill, *Ireland before the Vikings*. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. 1972\. * [Kuno Meyer](/wiki/Kuno_Meyer "Kuno Meyer") (ed.), "Conall Corc and the Corco Luigde. From Laud 610, fol. 98 a", in O. J. Bergin et al. (ed), *Anecdota from Irish manuscripts iii* (Halle a.S \& Dublin 1910\): 57–63\. * Kuno Meyer (ed.), ["The Laud Genealogies and Tribal Histories"](http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G105005/index.html), in *Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 8*. Halle/Saale, Max Niemeyer. 1912\. pp. 291–338\. * [Donnchadh Ó Corráin](/wiki/Donnchadh_%C3%93_Corr%C3%A1in "Donnchadh Ó Corráin"), "Corcu Loígde: Land and Families", in *Cork: History and Society. Interdisciplinary Essays on the History of an Irish County*, edited by Patrick O'Flanagan and Cornelius G. Buttimer. Dublin: Geography Publications. 1993\. * Donnchadh Ó Corráin (ed.), [Genealogies from Rawlinson B 502](http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G105003/index.html). University College, Cork: Corpus of Electronic Texts. 1997\. * Donnchadh Ó Corráin, *Ireland before the Normans*. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. 1972\. 2nd edition (Four Courts Press), 2009\. * Donnchadh Ó Corráin, "Prehistoric and Early Christian Ireland", in Foster, Roy (ed.), *The Oxford Illustrated History of Ireland*. Oxford University Press. 2001\. pp. 1–52\. * [John O'Donovan](/wiki/John_O%27Donovan_%28scholar%29 "John O'Donovan (scholar)") (ed. and tr.), *[Annála Ríoghachta Éireann. Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters, from the Earliest Period to the Year 1616](/wiki/Annals_of_the_Four_Masters "Annals of the Four Masters")*. 7 vols. Royal Irish Academy. Dublin. 1848–51\. 2nd edition, 1856\. * John O'Donovan (ed. and tr.), "The Genealogy of Corca Laidhe", in *[Miscellany of the Celtic Society](https://archive.org/details/miscellanyofcelt00celt)*. Dublin. 1849\. [alternative scan](https://archive.org/details/miscellanyofcelt00celtuoft) * [John O'Hart](/wiki/John_O%27Hart "John O'Hart"), *[Irish Pedigrees](https://books.google.com/books?id=elNmAAAAMAAJ)*. Dublin. 5th edition, 1892\. * Diarmuid Ó Murchadha, *Family Names of County Cork*. Cork: The Collins Press. 2nd edition, 1996\. * [T. F. O'Rahilly](/wiki/T._F._O%27Rahilly "T. F. O'Rahilly"), *Early Irish History and Mythology*. [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies](/wiki/Dublin_Institute_for_Advanced_Studies "Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies"). 1946\. * [Pokorny, Julius](/wiki/Julius_Pokorny "Julius Pokorny"). ["Beiträge zur ältesten Geschichte Irlands (3\. Érainn, Dári(n)ne und die Iverni und Darini des Ptolomäus)"](https://archive.org/details/zeitschriftfrc1112meyeuoft), in *[Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie](/wiki/Zeitschrift_f%C3%BCr_celtische_Philologie "Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie") 12* (1918\): 323–57\.

When did Julius Pokorny write his article on Érainn, Dári(n)ne and the Iverni and Darini of Ptolomäus?

Miss Asia

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Miss Asia

**Miss Asia** may refer to: * [Miss Asia Pageant](/wiki/Miss_Asia_Pageant "Miss Asia Pageant"), organized by the Asia Television Limited in Hong Kong * [Miss Universe](/wiki/Miss_Universe "Miss Universe"), an annual international beauty pageant * [Miss World](/wiki/Miss_World "Miss World"), the oldest running international beauty pageant * [Miss International](/wiki/Miss_International "Miss International"), a Tokyo\-based international beauty pageant

What is Miss Asia?

1942 college football season

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November

November -------- **November 7** In Jacksonville, [No. 1 Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_Bulldogs_football "Georgia Bulldogs football") beat Florida, 75–0\. [No. 2 Wisconsin](/wiki/Wisconsin_Badgers_football "Wisconsin Badgers football") lost at unranked Iowa, 6–0\. [No. 3 Georgia Tech](/wiki/Georgia_Tech_football "Georgia Tech football") beat Kentucky 47–7\. [No. 4 Notre Dame](/wiki/Notre_dame_football "Notre dame football") beat Army 13–0 at Yankee Stadium. [No. 5 Boston College](/wiki/Boston_College "Boston College") beat Temple, 28–0\. No. 8 Alabama beat South Carolina 29–0 and moved into the Top Five as Wisconsin dropped out. The nation's top two teams were Georgia and Georgia Tech: Georgia (No. 1\), Georgia Tech (No. 2\), Boston College (No. 3\), Notre Dame (No. 4\), Alabama (No. 5\). **November 14** [No. 1 Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_Bulldogs_football "Georgia Bulldogs football") won at Chattanooga, 40–0\. In Atlanta, [No. 2 Georgia Tech](/wiki/Georgia_Tech_football "Georgia Tech football") beat [No. 5 Alabama](/wiki/Alabama_Crimson_Tide_football "Alabama Crimson Tide football") 7–0\. [No. 3 Boston College](/wiki/Boston_College "Boston College") beat Fordham at home, 56–6\. [No. 4 Notre Dame](/wiki/Notre_Dame_football "Notre Dame football") lost to No. 6 Michigan, 32–20, while in Cleveland, No. 10 Ohio State beat No. 13 Illinois 44–20\. The poll: Georgia (No. 1\), Georgia Tech (No. 2\), Boston College (No. 3\), Michigan (No. 4\), Ohio State (No. 5\). **November 21** In Columbus, Georgia, [No. 1 Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_Bulldogs_football "Georgia Bulldogs football") lost to unranked Auburn, 27–13\. [No. 2 Georgia Tech](/wiki/Georgia_Tech_football "Georgia Tech football") beat Florida 20–7\. [No. 3 Boston College](/wiki/Boston_College "Boston College") defeated Boston University, 37–0\. [No. 4 Michigan](/wiki/Michigan_Wolverines_football "Michigan Wolverines football") and [No. 5 Ohio State](/wiki/Ohio_State_Buckeyes_football "Ohio State Buckeyes football") met in Columbus, with OSU winning 21–7, capturing the Big Nine championship. No. 7 Wisconsin beat No. 10 Minnesota 21–6 to finish its season at 8–1–1\. In the next poll, the Boston College Eagles were No. 1: Boston College (No. 1\), Georgia Tech (No. 2\), Ohio State (No. 3\), Wisconsin (No. 4\), Georgia (No. 5\). **November 28** [No. 1 Boston College](/wiki/Boston_College "Boston College") lost to unranked Holy Cross, 55–12\. [No. 2 Georgia Tech](/wiki/Georgia_Tech_football "Georgia Tech football") visited [No. 5 Georgia](/wiki/Georgia_Bulldogs_football "Georgia Bulldogs football"), and lost 34–0\. [No. 3 Ohio State](/wiki/Ohio_State_Buckeyes_football "Ohio State Buckeyes football") defeated the Iowa Pre\-Flight Seahawks, 41–12, finishing 9–1–0 and capturing the No. 1 ranking in the final AP poll, ahead of No. 2 Georgia, No. 3 Wisconsin, No. 4 Tulsa, and No. 5 Georgia Tech.

Which teams won in the first week of November?

Institute of Mathematics and Applications, Bhubaneswar

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M.A./M.Sc. in Computational Finance

### M.A./M.Sc. in Computational Finance Finance as a subject has emerged to be an extremely involved branch of knowledge with a growing number of stock exchanges and investors in the field. Risk and return that constitute cardinal aspects of the subject remain as a major concern for every investor, individual as well as institutional. Volumes of data encountered in the process make investment decisions difficult. In apparently erratic behaviors of the market, however, the mathematicians try to capture patterns vis\-a\-vis predictability, which may help investors decide on their investment. Computational finance otherwise called financial engineering deals with portfolio selection, options, and futures, asset pricing, managing derivative markets, and hedging under uncertainty. The course imparts, besides, basic grounding on finance, expertise for modeling under uncertainty, a high level of computational skill geared towards finance, knowledge of financial accounting and regulations. The aim is to produce a competent financial engineer capable of analyzing existing financial products and suggesting new innovative products for the financial market.

What does the mathematicians try to capture in the market?

Betfair Australia

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Operations

Operations ---------- In November 2005 the [Government of Tasmania](/wiki/Government_of_Tasmania "Government of Tasmania") announced a deal to license Betfair in Tasmania. It was the second licence awarded to Betfair outside the [UK](/wiki/UK "UK") \- the first being in [Malta](/wiki/Malta "Malta") with subsequent licences following in [Austria](/wiki/Austria "Austria") and [Germany](/wiki/Germany "Germany") \- and Tasmania now receives substantial [tax revenues](/wiki/Tax_revenue "Tax revenue"). In August 2006 the first bet is matched on the Australian exchange. There have since been more than 350 million bets placed and more than two million calls have been taken. Around 400,000 unique markets have been settled. A ban on the use of betting exchanges took effect in Western Australia on 29 January 2007, with Betfair successfully claiming this new law violated the [Constitution of Australia](/wiki/Constitution_of_Australia "Constitution of Australia"). In [a unanimous verdict](/wiki/Betfair_Pty_Limited_v_Western_Australia "Betfair Pty Limited v Western Australia") by the [High Court of Australia](/wiki/High_Court_of_Australia "High Court of Australia") on 27 March 2008, the two provisions of the legislation, purporting to ban Western Australians from using a betting exchange and prohibiting an unauthorised business from using Western Australian race lists, were declared invalid as they applied to Betfair. The provisions were characterised as imposing a burden on interstate trade that was protectionist in nature, and therefore contravened section 92 of the Commonwealth Constitution.. However, in the 2012 High Court case of *Betfair Pty Limited v Racing New South Wales*, Betfair's appeal, against a newly enacted fee to access New South Welsh vital race field information, was rejected.. The Court held that the relevant law would have no discriminatory or protectionist effect on interstate trade, thereby complying with [section 92 of the Constitution of Australia](/wiki/Section_92_of_the_Constitution_of_Australia "Section 92 of the Constitution of Australia"), and that Betfair had not proven that the fee would cause significant economic damage (not to the extent of the appellants in *[Castlemaine Tooheys Ltd v South Australia](/wiki/Castlemaine_Tooheys_Ltd_v_South_Australia "Castlemaine Tooheys Ltd v South Australia")*).. In August 2014 Betfair completed the sale of their 50% stake in Betfair Australia to venture partner [Crown Resorts](/wiki/Crown_Resorts "Crown Resorts"), one of Australia's largest gaming and entertainment groups. The stake was valued at £5\.5m. In 2008 it was calculated that Betfair handle more transactions than all of Europe's stock exchanges combined – an average of 5 million a day, 99\.9% are successfully completed in under one second. Betfair Australia set a world record for most money traded in a single market in March 2015 when $184,383,446 was matched in\-play for the [2015 ICC Cricket World Cup](/wiki/2015_ICC_Cricket_World_Cup "2015 ICC Cricket World Cup") semi\-final between South Africa and New Zealand. In a see\-sawing match favouritism changed 31 times throughout the game with South Africa trading at $1\.58 in the last over and then going on to lose with $8\.58mil matched on them at less than $1\.35\.

What was the result of the 2012 High Court case involving Betfair and Racing New South Wales?